陕西省西安市阎良区关山中学2023-2024学年高一上学期第三次质量检测英语试题
一、第一部分 阅读理解，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 阅读理解
Free Learning Tools for Self-learners
CCtalk
CCtalk is one of the most popular learning tools on your journey of self-growth and discovery. It offers over 4, 000 free courses from various disciplines. One of the best things about the platform is that it is available in many other languages other than English. It also has a mobile app to keep your learning on the go.
Gaotu
Talking about learning on-the-go, Gaotu is also one of the most popular mobile learning apps. The app offers you the opportunity to learn a language in bite-sized units. Flashcards, multiple-choice questions and translation exercises help you pick up vocabulary and grammar.
Learning Communication
If you are the learner who likes text only, Learning Communication is a great resource. This site offers over 50 million e-books and textbooks on just about any subject you can think of. From an introduction to essay writing to the philosophy of artificial intelligence, Learning Communication offers you the full range of reading.
MOOC
MOOC offers self-learners more than 600 online courses, sets of teaching materials, and lecture series on its open education platform. This makes it one of the most valuable learning tools on the Internet. Unlike courses on other platforms, MOOC's courses and lectures are not intended to introduce broad topics. Instead, learners can explore specific subjects in depth.
1．What do CCtalk and Gaotu have in common
A．They both offer free courses.
B．They provide mobile learning.
C．They can provide various exercises.
D．They are only available in one language.
2．Which learning tool is suitable for those who enjoy reading text widely
A．CCtalk. B．Gaotu.
C．Learning Communication. D．MOOC.
3．What does MOOC focus on
A．Choosing online courses.
B．Processing teaching materials
C．Organizing broad-topic lectures.
D．Further studying concrete subjects.
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 阅读理解
The world's oldest pen pals have both become 100 years old after many years of transatlantic letters and have now switched to Zoom. Centenarians (百岁老人) Geoff Banks from Honiton, Devon, and Celesta Byrne from the US, started writing to each other aged just 16 in 1938. They met as part of an educational project to put British and American students in contact — and decades later they are still corresponding.
Former engineer Geoff even kept in touch with Celesta during WWII when he served as a mechanic on British aircraft carrier HMS Illustrious in the Pacific. It has been so long that Geoff, a retired engineer, barely remembers how they started talking. Geoff said, "I honestly struggle to remember how we got in touch, and I think it was something to do with an American school's scheme. It matched us up with Americans for a pen pal relationship, and somehow I ended up with a letter from an American girl, and we have just kept corresponding ever since. There were a couple of years when we struggled to keep in touch because of the war. Now I correspond mainly by email. Email is much easier for me these days because I can't write very well anymore. We just talk about daily lives and our families really, but we don't discuss the football. "
They now touch base via video app Zoom. Geoff said, "I have this new thing called Zoom to chat with her, but I leave all the technology to younger people. They're much better at pressing all the buttons. "
Despite having chatted for decades, the pair only met twice — first in 2002 while Geoff visited New York aged 80, and then again two years later. Having such a unique relationship, the pair deny there is any romance there. Celesta said, "We're just friends, like people who live next door. It's nice to hear his voice. "
4．What played a key role in the pen pals' contact
A．A school program. B．An educational email.
C．A pen pal's introduction. D．A correspondence course.
5．What did the pair mainly talk about in their letters
A．Their favourite sports. B．Their everyday life.
C．Their family traditions. D．Their experiences in the war.
6．Which is closest in meaning to "touch base" in paragraph 3
A．Lay foundation. B．Take a chance
C．Stay in contact. D．Make a difference.
7．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Effects of War on Friendship
B．True Friendship Lasts Forever
C．Pure Friendship Differs from Love
D．The Communication Problems of Old People
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 阅读理解
While some critics claim that history curricula (课程) teach unnecessary content, others argue that these curricula need to be more comprehensive. Despite ongoing debates about content, one universal truth remains: strong history curricula are necessary for developing the productive citizens of tomorrow.
The greatest academic value that history curricula provide is not the recall of important dates and names. Rather, understanding the historical inquiry process is the most important component. This process teaches students how to become critical thinkers and understand the dynamic nature of the telling of history.
Through strong history curricula, students are shown both a variety of primary and secondary sources and are taught to critique them. This is where the historical inquiry process begins. Students not only begin to analyze and ask questions about the content, but they also learn about the author's credibility and potential bias (偏见). Students are then able to contextualize the information they learn and can think more critically about historical context and those who tell it.
With this framework, students can then understand the causal relationship between human nature, values, philosophy, actions, and their consequences. It teaches students to recognize recurrent themes and lessons that are necessary to understand modern society. Most importantly, it teaches students to develop a healthy skepticism (怀疑论) when presented with information today because our actions are history in the making.
Forty years ago, renowned scholar James Fitzgerald argued that no education is complete without the teaching of historical inquiry. He believed that the only way to move forward in life is to understand what's behind us.
Today, this principle still holds true. Students take both the factual knowledge and the historical inquiry skills they learn in the classroom and apply them to real world circumstances. Throughout their lives, students who are taught with strong history curricula will take the lessons they learn from our predecessors and become involved, active, productive citizens who want to create a history that tomorrow's students will be proud to learn about.
8．What is the biggest academic significance of history learning
A．Passing down Chinese culture.
B．Grasping historical inquiry skills.
C．Making people more knowledgeable.
D．Enriching people's everyday life.
9．What does the underlined word "critique" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Protect. B．Combine. C．Comment. D．Remember.
10．Why is James Fitzgerald mentioned in the passage
A．To stress the importance of history.
B．To point out the essence of education.
C．To indicate famous people learn from history.
D．To show history contributes to people's achievements.
11．What can be the best title for the passage
A．It Is the People that Create History
B．History Pushes the Wheel of the Times
C．History Curricula Are Gaining More Attention
D．History Curricula Shape Tomorrow's Decision Makers
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 阅读理解
Elephants eat plants. That's common knowledge to biologists and animal-loving schoolchildren alike. Yet figuring out exactly what kind of plants they eat is more complicated.
A new study from a global team that included Brown University conservation biologists used innovative methods to efficiently and precisely analyze the dietary habits of elephants in Kenya. Their findings on the habits of individual elephants help answer important questions about group food searching behaviors, and aid biologists in understanding the conservation approaches that best keep elephants not only sated (饱的) but satisfied.
"When I talk to non-ecologists, they are surprised to learn that we have never really had a clear picture of what all of these large animals actually eat in nature, " Kartzinel, an expert botanist who has conducted field research in Kenya, said. "The reason is that these animals are difficult and dangerous to observe from up-close, they move long distances, they feed at night and in thick bush and a lot of the plants they feed on are quite small. "
Then the team compared the diets of individual elephants through time. In their analysis, they showed that dietary differences among individuals were often far greater than what had been previously assumed, even among family members that ate together on a given day.
This study helps address a classic paradox (悖论) in wildlife ecology. Kartzinel said: "How do social bonds hold family groups together in a world of limited resources " In other words, given that elephants all seemingly eat the same plants, it's not obvious why competition for food doesn't push them apart and force them to search for food independently.
"The simple answer is that elephants vary their diets based not only on what's available but also their preferences and physiological needs, " said Kartzinel. These findings help inform theories of why a group of elephants may search for food together: The individual elephants don't always eat exactly the same plants at the same time, so there will usually be enough plants to go around.
These findings may offer valuable insights for conservation biologists. To protect elephants and create environments in which they can successfully grow their populations, they need a variety of plants to eat.
12．What did the new study focus on
A．The results of conservation approaches.
B．The eating habits of elephants.
C．Ways to protect elephants from starving.
D．Elephants' social behavior and needs.
13．What can we infer from paragraph 3
A．Elephants are hard to monitor.
B．Elephants only live in thick bush.
C．Elephants are kind and friendly animals.
D．Elephants seldom eat with humans around.
14．What message can conservation biologists get from the study
A．It is necessary for elephants to live together.
B．It is possible to observe elephants up-close.
C．It is social bonds that hold elephants together.
D．It is important to protect the variety of plants.
15．Which word can be used to describe the study
A．Inaccurate. B．Shocking. C．Beneficial. D．Subjective.
二、阅读理解，第二节任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Knowing How and When to Say Sorry Can Build Better Friendship
Have you ever argued with a friend and said or done something you regretted 16． . Knowing how to apologize can help you become friends again and to understand why you fell out in the first place.
Why do we argue
We argue for all kinds of reasons. For example, you might think your football team is fantastic, but your friend disagrees, or you don't want someone to join in your game. Sometimes, especially if you are angry, things can become out of control, and you'll say or do something you regret. 17． . But it's important to resolve your differences afterwards so bad feelings don't get worse. This is where an apology can help.
What does saying sorry mean
We all make mistakes, and apologizing is a way of admitting we've got something wrong and will try not to do it again. 18． . An apology needs to show the other person that you are genuinely sorry, you accept responsibility for your actions, and that you want their forgiveness.
19．
Sometimes another person may pressure you into taking the blame when it has nothing to do with you. If you feel this is happening, try talking about why you argued in the first place and explain how it made you feel. If you still can't agree, you could ask a parent or teacher to help you resolve the problem.
Does apologizing always work
A genuine apology is a magic word. It may take time for someone to understand and forgive. 20． . But you can feel good about trying to fix things and promising yourself to do better next time.
A. What if it's not my fault
B. How should we apologize to others
C. Try it again if you fail to get others' forgiveness
D. Even after you've said sorry, you could still feel bad
E. Arguing and disagreeing with others occasionally is normal
F. It may be hard to say sorry, but if you want to make something better you must try
G. Sometimes it can be hard to put things right, especially when feelings have been hurt
三、第二部分 英语知识运用，第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At the age of 91, living alone, Thomas was quietly enjoying his old age. His days were filled with 21． and leisure. He would watch TV and 22． leave his place. His lack of physical activity 23． his granddaughter, Diana. She wanted her grandpa to live a long and happy life and she finally had a perfect 24． .
Armed with a handful of love—a(n) 25． little dog named Frederica, she set out to 26． her beloved grandpa. Diana knew her grandpa's 27． for animals. Thomas was even considering getting a dog in the past, but his family 28． him. This time, Diana 29． to take matters into her own hands. She knew that having a puppy would be a 30． for the elderly man, so she was ready to 31． him with whatever he would need. What a wonderful and 32． decision!
Thomas' face 33． up when he saw what his granddaughter was holding in her arms. He then 34． the puppy from the floor and immediately fell in love. The whole family were astonished by the immediate 35． between Thomas and the cute puppy. In the following days, Thomas began his remarkable 36． . He used to kill
most of his time inside by watching TV. But now with Frederica, he has developed a new 37． .
"Now, my grandfather gets up early to go outside with Frederica, and the dog 38． him when he works in the garden. They go for walks on the beach — all sorts of activities my grandfather used to 39． to do, " Diana said in an interview, "He is much more active and 40． . "
21．A． sport B． tears C． rest D． food
22．A． barely B． usually C． only D． once
23．A． inspired B． confused C． influenced D． worried
24．A． chance B． excuse C． idea D． ending
25．A． ugly B． lovely C． friendly D． lonely
26．A． visit B． treat C． consult D． persuade
27．A． habit B． pity C． affection D． patience
28．A． supported B． deserted C． promised D． discouraged
29．A． hesitated B． decided C． agreed D． failed
30．A． challenge B． right C． disaster D． shame
31．A． surprise B． leave C． teach D． help
32．A． considerate B． silly C． interesting D． selfish
33．A． turned B． lit C． went D． made
34．A． waited for B． picked up C． gave up D． jumped at
35．A． sympathy B． trust C． connection D． commitment
36．A． show B． journey
C． transformation D． recovery
37．A． hobby B． routine C． game D． skill
38．A． accompanies B． leads C． teases D． urges
39．A． try B． like C． wish D． refuse
40．A． faster B． luckier C． wiser D． happier
四、第二部分 英语知识运用，第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The winners of the 2023 Hugo Awards 41． (announce) at the 2023 Chengdu World Science Fiction Convention this October, with Chinese writer Hai Ya's The Space-Time Painter 42． (win) the Hugo Award for Best Novelette. Hai became the 43． (three) Chinese winner of this award, following Liu Cixin and Hao Jingfang.
Drawing 44． (inspire) from the painting masterpiece One Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, Hai has written a thriller which combines the elements of traditional Chinese culture and history 45． sci-fi and detective genres (体裁) . Hai has created the character of painting prodigy (奇才) Zhao Ximeng, who painted for an emperor about 1, 000 years ago. After much misery and suffering, the painter's mind abandons his physical body and enters a space 46． a modern police officer is investigating a case involving an ancient painting. The sci-fi narrative, connected 47． (close) to Chinese history, reveals the political power struggle of the period when the ancient painting was created.
Hai, also 48． financial worker, thinks himself more of a sci-fi enthusiast 49． a writer. "I have a very busy job, leaving me little time to write, " he said. "But I believe if I'm willing to put efforts in it, I 50． (see) hopes and the dawn. "
五、第四部分：写作，第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51．（2023高一上·阎良月考） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I bought a book about motivation the few weeks ago. My mother asked me that I would like to share it with others when she finished reading the book. Of course, I was willingly to give it to those who wanted it. It occurs to me that I should send it to my friend, Pam. She supported me through my learning journey but I valued her friendship greatly. Fortunately, she was being admitted into a key university last year. I told her pass it on to someone else if it wasn't fit to her. I hoped that it would be reading instead of sitting on my bookshelf.
六、第四部分：写作，第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52．（2023高一上·阎良月考） 某英语报社现面向中学生征文，主题是"我帮父母做家务"。请你写一篇短文投稿，
要点如下: 1. 做家务的经历；2. 你的感受和收获。
注意： 1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．C
3．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了为自学者提供的免费学习工具及其相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据CCtalk部分中的"It also has a mobile app to keep your learning on the go."它还有一个移动应用程序，可以让你的学习随时进行；以及Gaotu部分中的"Talking about learning on-the-go, Gaotu is also one of the most popular mobile learning apps."说到随时随地学习，Gaotu也是最受欢迎的移动学习应用之一。可知，CCtalk和Gaotu的共同之处是它们都提供移动学习。故选B。
2．考查推理判断。根据Learning Communication部分中的"If you are the learner who likes text only, Learning Communication is a great resource. This site offers over 50 million e-books and textbooks on just about any subject you can think of. From an introduction to essay writing to the philosophy of artificial intelligence, Learning Communication offers you the full range of reading."如果你是一个只喜欢文本的学习者，那么Learning Communication是一个很好的资源。这个网站提供了超过5000万本电子书和教科书，内容涉及你能想到的任何科目。从论文写作导论到人工智能哲学，Learning Communication为您提供全方位的阅读。可知，Learning Communication提供广泛的阅读文本，会适合喜欢广泛阅读文本的人。故选C。
3．考查细节理解。根据MOOC部分中的"Unlike courses on other platforms, MOOC's courses and lectures are not intended to introduce broad topics. Instead, learners can explore specific subjects in depth."与其他平台上的课程不同，MOOC的课程和讲座并不旨在介绍广泛的主题。相反，学习者可以深入探究具体的主题。可知，MOOC关注的是深入探究具体的主题，即进一步研究具体课题。故选D。
【答案】4．A
5．B
6．C
7．C
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了1938年，Geoff Banks和Celesta Byrne相识于一个教育项目。自那时起，他们一直保持着联系。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"I honestly struggle to remember how we got in touch, and I think it was something to do with an American school's scheme. It matched us up with Americans for a pen pal relationship, and somehow I ended up with a letter from an American girl, and we have just kept corresponding ever since."老实说，我很难记起我们是怎么联系上的，我想这与一所美国学校的计划有关。它让我们和美国人成为笔友，不知怎么的，我收到了一封来自一个美国女孩的信，从那以后我们就一直保持通信。可知，在这对笔友的联系中，学校的项目起了关键作用。故选A。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"We just talk about daily lives and our families really, but we don't discuss the football."我们只是谈论日常生活和家庭，但我们不讨论足球。可知，两人在信中主要谈论了他们的日常生活。故选B。
6．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"via video app Zoom"可知，他们现在通过视频Zoom应用程序保持联系。可推知划线词touch base意思是"保持联系"，故选C。
7．考查标题归纳。根据最后一段中的"Having such a unique relationship, the pair deny there is any romance there. Celesta said, ‘We're just friends, like people who live next door. It's nice to hear his voice.'"拥有如此独特的关系，两人否认他们之间有任何浪漫。Celesta说："我们只是朋友，就像住在隔壁的人一样。很高兴听到他的声音。"；结合文章主要讲述了1938年，Geoff Banks和Celesta Byrne相识于一个教育项目。自那时起，他们一直保持着联系。"Pure Friendship Differs from Love"适合做文章标题，故选C。
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．A
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，分析了学习历史学科对人们的重要意义，认为学习历史能够让学生们成为积极主动富有成效的公民。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和标题归纳四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"The greatest academic value that history curricula provide is not the recall of important dates and names. Rather, understanding the historical inquiry process is the most important component."历史课程提供的最大学术价值不是回忆重要的日期和名字。相反，了解历史调查过程是最重要的组成部分。可知，作者认为学习历史的最大的意义在于了解历史探究过程。故选B。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"This is where the historical inquiry process begins. Students not only begin to analyze and ask questions about the content, but they also learn about the author's credibility and potential bias (偏见). Students are then able to contextualize the information they learn and can think more critically about historical con text and those who tell it."这就是历史调查过程开始的地方。学生们不仅要开始分析文章内容并提出问题，还要了解作者的可信度和潜在偏见。这样，学生们就能够将他们所学到的信息语境化，并能更批判性地思考历史背景和那些讲述历史的人。可知，此处介绍如何对一些资料进行历史探究，了解作者的可信度、偏见以便能更批判性地思考历史背景和那些讲述历史的人。可推知，划线词critique与comment是"评论"之意，故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"Forty years ago, renowned scholar James Fitzgerald argued that no education is complete without the teaching of historical inquiry. He believed that the only way to move forward in life is to understand what's behind us."40年前，著名学者詹姆斯·菲茨杰拉德认为，没有历史探究的教育是不完整的。他认为，在生活中前进的唯一途径是了解我们身后的事情。可推知，文章中提到了詹姆斯·菲茨杰拉德，以强调历史的重要性。故选A。
11．考查标题归纳。根据第一段中的"Despite ongoing debates about content, one universal truth remains: strong history curricula are necessary for developing the productive citizens of tomorrow."尽管关于内容的争论仍在继续，但一个普遍的真理仍然存在：强有力的历史课程对于培养未来有生产力的公民是必要的；及下文论述可知。文章主要分析了学习历史学科对人们的重要意义，认为学习历史能够让学生们成为积极主动富有成效的公民。"历史课程塑造未来的决策者"适合作本文标题。故选D。
【答案】12．B
13．A
14．D
15．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项研究大象饮食习惯的科学研究，研究表明大象不仅根据可用的食物，而且根据它们的偏好和生理需求来改变它们的饮食。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"A new study from a global team that included Brown University conservation biologists used innovative methods to efficiently and precisely analyze the dietary habits of elephants in Kenya."包括布朗大学保护生物学家在内的一个全球团队进行了一项新的研究，他们使用创新的方法高效、精确地分析了肯尼亚大象的饮食习惯。可知，这项新的研究集中在大象的饮食习惯上。故选B。
13．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The reason is that these animals are difficult and dangerous to observe from up-close, they move long distances, they feed at night and in thick bush and a lot of the plants they feed on are quite small."原因是近距离观察这些动物既困难又危险，它们移动距离很远，在夜间和茂密的灌木丛中觅食，而且它们吃的很多植物都很小。可知，监测大象的行为生活等是存在困难的。故选A。
14．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"‘The simple answer is that elephants vary their diets based not only on what's available but also their preferences and physiological needs,' said Kartzinel.""简单的答案是，大象不仅根据可用的食物，而且根据它们的偏好和生理需求来改变它们的饮食，"Kartzinel说；以及最后一段"These findings may offer valuable insights for conservation biologists. To protect elephants and create environments in which they can successfully grow their populations, they need a variety of plants to eat. "这些发现可能为保护生物学家提供有价值的见解。为了保护大象，并为它们创造能够成功繁殖的环境，它们需要各种各样的植物来吃。可推知，保护生物学家从中得到的一个信息就是"保护植物的多样性是重要的"。故选D。
15．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Their findings on the habits of individual elephants help answer important questions about group food searching behaviors, and aid biologists in understanding the conservation approaches that best keep elephants not only sated (饱的) but satisfied."他们对大象个体习性的研究有助于回答有关群体觅食行为的重要问题，并帮助生物学家了解保护大象的方法，这些方法不仅能让大象吃饱，还能让大象满意；以及最后一段"These findings may offer valuable insights for conservation biologists. To protect elephants and create environments in which they can successfully grow their populations, they need a variety of plants to eat. "这些发现可能为保护生物学家提供有价值的见解。为了保护大象，并为它们创造能够成功繁殖的环境，它们需要各种各样的植物来吃。可推知，这项研究结果是有价值的，能够帮助生态学家更好地对大象进行保护。故选C。
【答案】16．G；17．E；18．F；19．A；20．D
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了你应该知道的一些关于争吵和道歉的事情。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Have you ever argued with a friend and said or done something you regretted "你是否曾经和朋友争吵过，说过或做过让你后悔的事情 ；以及空后"Knowing how to apologize can help you become friends again and to understand why you fell out in the first place."懂得道歉可以帮助你们重新成为朋友，也能让你们明白当初为什么会闹翻。可知，此处为承上启下句，与朋友吵过架之后，感情肯定受到伤害。G. Sometimes it can be hard to put things right, especially when feelings have been hurt"有时候很难把事情摆正，尤其是当感情受到伤害的时候"符合语境。故选G。
17．根据空后"But it's important to resolve your differences afterwards so bad feelings don't get worse. "但重要的是事后解决你们的分歧，这样糟糕的感觉就不会变得更糟。可知，前后为转折关系，偶尔争吵是正常的，但要及时解决分歧。E. Arguing and disagreeing with others occasionally is normal"偶尔与他人争吵或有分歧是正常的"符合语境。故选E。
18．根据空后"An apology needs to show the other person that you are genuinely sorry, you accept responsibility for your actions, and that you want their forgiveness. "道歉需要向对方表明你真的很抱歉，你愿意为自己的行为承担责任，你希望他们原谅你。可知，道歉很难，但有利于解决问题。F. It may be hard to say sorry, but if you want to make something better you must try"说对不起可能很难，但如果你想做得更好，你必须尝试"符合语境。故选F。
19．根据空后"Sometimes another person may pressure you into taking the blame when it has nothing to do with you. If you feel this is happening, try talking about why you argued in the first place and explain how it made you feel. If you still can't agree, you could ask a parent or leacher to help you resolve the problem. "有时，另一个人可能会迫使你承担责任，但这与你无关。如果你觉得这种情况正在发生，试着谈谈你们当初为什么争吵，并解释它让你有什么感觉。如果你仍然不能同意，你可以让父母或老师帮你解决问题。可知，本段介绍不是自己过错的解决方法。A. What if it's not my fault"如果不是我的错呢"符合语境。故选A。
20．根据空前"It may take time for someone to understand and forgive. "一个人理解和原谅可能需要时间；以及空后"But you can feel good about trying to fix things and promising yourself to do belter next time."但是你可以在尝试解决问题并承诺自己下次做得更好的过程中感觉良好。可知，此处为承上启下句，感觉很糟的原因是不能获得理解与原谅。D. Even after you've said sorry, you could still feel bad"即使你说了对不起，你仍然会感觉很糟糕"符合语境。故选D。
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．D；24．C；25．B；26．A；27．C；28．D；29．B；30．A；31．D；32．A；33．B；34．B；35．C；36．C；37．B；38．A；39．D；40．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了孙女戴安娜因为担心爷爷整天呆在家里不运动，于是给爷爷送去了一只小狗，有了小狗，爷爷变得更活跃更快乐了。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：他的日子充满了休息时间和闲暇。A. sport"运动"；B. tears"眼泪"；C. rest"休息"；D. food"食物"。根据上文"At the age of 91, living alone, Thomas was quietly enjoying his old age."91岁时，托马斯独自生活，静静地享受晚年。可知，他的日子充满了休息时间和闲暇。故选C。
22．句意：他会看电视，几乎不离开他的家。A. barely"几乎不"；B. usually"通常"；C. only"仅仅"；D. once"一旦"。根据下文"His lack of physical activity"可知，他看电视几乎不离开自己的家。故选A。
23．句意：他缺乏体育锻炼让他的孙女戴安娜感到担忧。A. inspired"鼓舞"；B. confused"使困惑"；C. influenced"影响"；D. worried"担心"。根据空前"His lack of physical activity"可知，爷爷缺乏体育锻炼让孙女担心。故选D。
24．句意：她希望她的爷爷长寿幸福，她终于有了一个完美的主意。A. chance"机会"；B. excuse"借口"；C. idea"想法"；D. ending"结束"。根据下文孙女打算用狗来让爷爷外出锻炼，可知是想到了完美的主意。故选C。
25．句意：带着一捧爱心和一只名叫弗雷德里卡的可爱小狗，她出发去看望她深爱的爷爷。A. ugly"丑陋的"；B. lovely"可爱的"；C. friendly"友好的"；D. lonely"寂寞的"。根据下文"the cute puppy"可知是可爱的小狗。故选B。
26．句意：带着一捧爱心和一只名叫弗雷德里卡的可爱小狗，她出发去看望她深爱的爷爷。A. visit"拜访"；B. treat"对待"；C. consult"咨询"；D. persuade"说服"。根据上文"She wanted her grandpa to live a long and happy life"；以及空前"she set out to"可知，孙女带着小狗和爱去看望爷爷。故选A。
27．句意：戴安娜知道她爷爷喜爱动物。A. habit"习惯"；B. pity"怜悯"；C. affection"喜爱"；D. patience"耐心"。根据下文"Thomas was even considering getting a dog"可知，戴安娜考虑让爷爷养狗，说明爷爷喜爱动物。故选C。
28．句意：托马斯过去甚至考虑过养条狗，但他的家人让他打消了年头。A. supported"支持"；B. deserted"抛弃"；C. promised"承诺"；D. discouraged"使打消念头，劝阻，阻碍"。根据空前"Thomas was even considering getting a dog in the past, but his family"中but表示转折，说明家里人不同意托马斯养狗，故选D。
29．句意：这一次，戴安娜决定自己动手处理。A. hesitated"犹豫"；B. decided"决定"；C. agreed "同意"；D. failed"失败"。根据空后"to take matters into her own hands"指戴安娜决定自己处理这一问题，decide to do sth.固定短语，"决定做某事"。故选B。
30．句意：她知道养一只小狗对这位老人来说是个挑战，所以她愿意帮助他做任何他需要的事情。A. challenge"挑战"；B. right"权利"；C. disaster"灾难"；D. shame"羞愧"。根据空后"for the elderly man"可知，爷爷已经91岁了，所以养狗是挑战。故选A。
31．句意：她知道养一只小狗对这位老人来说是个挑战，所以她愿意帮助他做任何他需要的事情。A. surprise"使惊讶"；B. leave"离开"；C. teach"教学"；D. help"帮助"。根据空后"with whatever he would need"可知，孙女愿意帮助爷爷，故选D。
32．句意：多么美妙和体贴的决定啊！A. considerate"体贴的"；B. silly"愚蠢的"；C. interesting "有趣的"；D. selfish"自私的"。孙女送给爷爷喜欢的动物，体现了孙女的体贴。故选A。
33．句意：当托马斯看到孙女怀里抱着的东西时，他的脸露出喜色。A. turned"转弯"；B. lit"点亮"；C. went"去"；D. made"制作"。根据下文"immediately fell in love"可知，爷爷看到狗很高兴，脸上露出喜色，light up固定短语，"露出喜色"。故选B。
34．句意：然后他从地板上抱起小狗，立刻爱上了它。A. waited for"等待"；B. picked up"捡起"；C. gave up"放弃"；D. jumped at"欣然接受"。根据空后"the puppy from the floor"指从地板上抱起小狗，故选B。
35．句意：全家人都惊讶于托马斯和那只可爱的小狗之间的直接联系。A. sympathy"同情"；B. trust "信任"；C. connection"连接"；D. commitment"承诺"。根据空后"between Thomas and the cute puppy"以及上文爷爷喜爱小狗，可知二者之间产生了联系。故选C。
36．句意：在接下来的几天里，托马斯开始了他非凡的转变。A. show"展示"；B. journey"旅程"；C. transformation"变化"；D. recovery"恢复"。根据下文"He used to kill most of his time inside by watching TV."和"Now, my grandfather gets up early to go outside with Frederica"可知，爷爷的生活有了改变，故选C。
37．句意：但是现在和弗雷德里卡在一起，他养成了一种新的惯例。A. hobby"爱好"；B. routine"常规，惯例"；C. game"游戏"；D. skill"技能"。根据空后"my grandfather gets up early to go outside with Frederica"可知，爷爷的日常惯例改变了。故选B。
38．句意：现在，我爷爷很早就起床和弗雷德里卡一起出去，当他在花园里干活时，狗会陪着他。A. accompanies"陪伴"；B. leads"带领"；C. teases"嘲笑"；D. urges"催促"。根据空前"Now, my grandfather gets up early to go outside with Frederica,"可知，爷爷和小狗一起出去，爷爷在花园干活的时候，狗也会陪伴爷爷。故选A。
39．句意："他们去海滩散步——这些都是我祖父过去拒绝做的事情，"戴安娜在一次采访中说，"他现在活跃多了，也快乐多了。"A. try"尝试"；B. like"喜欢"；C. wish"希望"；D. refuse"拒绝"。根据空前"They go for walks on the beach — all sorts of activities my grandfather used to"以及上文提到爷爷以前整天呆在家里，可知是指过去拒绝做的事情。故选D。
40．句意："他们去海滩散步——这些都是我祖父过去拒绝做的事情，"戴安娜在一次采访中说，"他现在活跃多了，也快乐多了。"A. faster"更快的"；B. luckier"更幸运的"；C. wiser"更明智的"；D. happier"更快乐的"。根据上文"He is much more active and"以及狗带来的改变，可知爷爷如今更活跃也更开心了。故选D。
【答案】41．were announced；42．winning；43．third；44．inspiration；45．with；46．where；47．closely；48．a；49．than；50．will see
【知识点】新闻报道类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了2023年世界科幻文学最高奖项"雨果奖"的获奖者于周六晚公布，中国作家海漄以《时空画师》获得最佳中篇小说奖，他也是继刘慈欣、郝景芳之后，第三位获得雨果奖的中国科幻作家。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态语态，非谓语动词，数词，名词，介词，定语从句，副词，冠词，时态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：今年10月，2023年雨果奖的获奖者在2023成都世界科幻大会上公布，中国作家海漄的《时空画家》获得了雨果奖最佳中篇小说奖。此处是谓语动词，与主语The winners构成被动关系，结合this October可知为一般过去时的被动语态，故填were announced。
42．句意：今年10月，2023年雨果奖的获奖者在2023成都世界科幻大会上公布，中国作家海漄的《时空画家》获得了雨果奖最佳中篇小说奖。此处为with的复合结构，Chinese writer Hai Ya's The Space-Time Painter与win是主谓关系关系，应用现在分词，作宾补。故填winning。
43．句意：海是继刘慈欣和郝景芳之后第三位获得该奖项的中国人。此处表示"第三"应用序数词third。故填third。
44．句意：海从名著《千里江山》中汲取灵感，创作了这部惊悚小说，将中国传统文化和历史元素与科幻和侦探类型相结合。作宾语，应用名词inspiration，抽象概念，不可数。故填inspiration。
45．句意：海从名著《千里江山》中汲取灵感，创作了这部惊悚小说，将中国传统文化和历史元素与科幻和侦探类型相结合。combine…with…固定短语，"和......结合"，故填with。
46．句意：在经历了许多痛苦和折磨之后，画家的思想放弃了他的身体，进入了一个现代警察正在调查一件涉及古代绘画的案件的空间。 a modern police officer is investigating a case involving an ancient painting是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词space，在从句作地点状语，故填where。
47．句意：科幻叙事与中国历史紧密相连，揭示了这幅古画创作时期的政治权力斗争。修饰connected应用副词closely，故填closely。
48．句意：海也是一名金融工作者，他认为自己更像是一个科幻爱好者，而不是作家。worker为泛指，且financial是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
49．句意：海也是一名金融工作者，他认为自己更像是一个科幻爱好者，而不是作家。more of…than…，固定短语，"比起……更像是……"，故填than。
50．句意："但我相信，如果我愿意付出努力，我就会看到希望和曙光。"此处为主将从现，主句表示将来应用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。故填will see。
51．【答案】①the→a②that→if/whether③she→I④willingly→willing⑤occurs→occurred⑥but→so/and⑦删除being⑧在pass前加to⑨to→for⑩reading→read
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己把书分享给朋友的故事。
（1）句意：几周前我买了一本关于激励的书。a few固定短语，"些许，几个"。故the改为a。
（2）句意：当我读完这本书的时候，妈妈问我是否愿意和别人分享。根据下文"Of course, I was willingly to give it to those who wanted it."可知，我愿意分享书给别人。所以妈妈问我是否愿意。动词后的宾语从句，表示"是否"含义，可以是if，也可以是whether。故that改为if/whether。
（3）句意：当我读完这本书的时候，妈妈问我是否愿意和别人分享。根据句意可知，应是我读完了书，妈妈问我是否愿意分享。故she改为I。
（4）句意：当然，我很乐意把它给那些想要它的人。固定搭配be willing to do sth意为"乐意做某事"。故willingly改为willing。
（5）句意：我突然想到我应该把它寄给我的朋友帕姆。根据前文"I bought a book about motivation the few weeks ago."可知，本文描述的是几周前的事，故应为一般过去时。故occurs改为occurred。
（6）句意：她支持我的学习之旅，所以我非常珍惜她的友谊。根据句意可知，她支持我的学习，我很珍惜我们的友谊，前后应为顺承关系或者因果关系。故but改为so/and。
（7）句意：幸运的是，她去年被一所重点大学录取了。根据时间状语"last year"可知，她被录取是去年的事，故应一般过去时的被动语态。故删除being。
（8）句意：我告诉她，如果她觉得不合适，就转给别人。tell sb to do sth固定短语，"告诉某人做某事"。故在pass前加to。
（9）句意：我告诉她，如果她觉得不合适，就转给别人。be fit for...固定短语，"适合……"。故to改为for。
（10）句意：我希望它能被阅读，而不是坐在我的书架上。结合句意，且照应主语"it"指代的是书，与read之间是被动关系，所以应为被动语态。故reading改为read。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及冠词，宾语从句，代词，形容词，时态，连词，非谓语动词以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
52．【答案】One possible version:
One Sunday, my parents went out to the supermarket, and it occurred to me that I could give our home a thorough cleanup. Firstly, I collected the clothes hung out, folded them and put them in the wardrobe. Then I dusted the living room and put all things in place. After that, I swept and mopped the floor. When my parents came back, seeing the living room tidy and the floor shining, they looked at me in surprise and then gave me a big hug. Tired as I was, I felt so happy.
Through this experience, I gained deeper insight into the glory of labour. I decided to help with the housework whenever I can.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生 写一篇短文投稿 。写作背景： 某英语报社现面向中学生征文，主题是"我帮父母做家务"。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1. 做家务的经历；2. 你的感受和收获。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：One Sunday, my parents went out to the supermarket, and it occurred to me that I could give our home a thorough cleanup.运用了并列句，固定句式it occurred to sb. that...； When my parents came back, seeing the living room tidy and the floor shining, they looked at me in surprise and then gave me a big hug. 运用了时间状语从句，现在分词作状语；Tired as I was, I felt so happy.运用了倒装句，让步状语从句；I decided to help with the housework whenever I can.运用了省略。
1 / 1陕西省西安市阎良区关山中学2023-2024学年高一上学期第三次质量检测英语试题
一、第一部分 阅读理解，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 阅读理解
Free Learning Tools for Self-learners
CCtalk
CCtalk is one of the most popular learning tools on your journey of self-growth and discovery. It offers over 4, 000 free courses from various disciplines. One of the best things about the platform is that it is available in many other languages other than English. It also has a mobile app to keep your learning on the go.
Gaotu
Talking about learning on-the-go, Gaotu is also one of the most popular mobile learning apps. The app offers you the opportunity to learn a language in bite-sized units. Flashcards, multiple-choice questions and translation exercises help you pick up vocabulary and grammar.
Learning Communication
If you are the learner who likes text only, Learning Communication is a great resource. This site offers over 50 million e-books and textbooks on just about any subject you can think of. From an introduction to essay writing to the philosophy of artificial intelligence, Learning Communication offers you the full range of reading.
MOOC
MOOC offers self-learners more than 600 online courses, sets of teaching materials, and lecture series on its open education platform. This makes it one of the most valuable learning tools on the Internet. Unlike courses on other platforms, MOOC's courses and lectures are not intended to introduce broad topics. Instead, learners can explore specific subjects in depth.
1．What do CCtalk and Gaotu have in common
A．They both offer free courses.
B．They provide mobile learning.
C．They can provide various exercises.
D．They are only available in one language.
2．Which learning tool is suitable for those who enjoy reading text widely
A．CCtalk. B．Gaotu.
C．Learning Communication. D．MOOC.
3．What does MOOC focus on
A．Choosing online courses.
B．Processing teaching materials
C．Organizing broad-topic lectures.
D．Further studying concrete subjects.
【答案】1．B
2．C
3．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了为自学者提供的免费学习工具及其相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据CCtalk部分中的"It also has a mobile app to keep your learning on the go."它还有一个移动应用程序，可以让你的学习随时进行；以及Gaotu部分中的"Talking about learning on-the-go, Gaotu is also one of the most popular mobile learning apps."说到随时随地学习，Gaotu也是最受欢迎的移动学习应用之一。可知，CCtalk和Gaotu的共同之处是它们都提供移动学习。故选B。
2．考查推理判断。根据Learning Communication部分中的"If you are the learner who likes text only, Learning Communication is a great resource. This site offers over 50 million e-books and textbooks on just about any subject you can think of. From an introduction to essay writing to the philosophy of artificial intelligence, Learning Communication offers you the full range of reading."如果你是一个只喜欢文本的学习者，那么Learning Communication是一个很好的资源。这个网站提供了超过5000万本电子书和教科书，内容涉及你能想到的任何科目。从论文写作导论到人工智能哲学，Learning Communication为您提供全方位的阅读。可知，Learning Communication提供广泛的阅读文本，会适合喜欢广泛阅读文本的人。故选C。
3．考查细节理解。根据MOOC部分中的"Unlike courses on other platforms, MOOC's courses and lectures are not intended to introduce broad topics. Instead, learners can explore specific subjects in depth."与其他平台上的课程不同，MOOC的课程和讲座并不旨在介绍广泛的主题。相反，学习者可以深入探究具体的主题。可知，MOOC关注的是深入探究具体的主题，即进一步研究具体课题。故选D。
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 阅读理解
The world's oldest pen pals have both become 100 years old after many years of transatlantic letters and have now switched to Zoom. Centenarians (百岁老人) Geoff Banks from Honiton, Devon, and Celesta Byrne from the US, started writing to each other aged just 16 in 1938. They met as part of an educational project to put British and American students in contact — and decades later they are still corresponding.
Former engineer Geoff even kept in touch with Celesta during WWII when he served as a mechanic on British aircraft carrier HMS Illustrious in the Pacific. It has been so long that Geoff, a retired engineer, barely remembers how they started talking. Geoff said, "I honestly struggle to remember how we got in touch, and I think it was something to do with an American school's scheme. It matched us up with Americans for a pen pal relationship, and somehow I ended up with a letter from an American girl, and we have just kept corresponding ever since. There were a couple of years when we struggled to keep in touch because of the war. Now I correspond mainly by email. Email is much easier for me these days because I can't write very well anymore. We just talk about daily lives and our families really, but we don't discuss the football. "
They now touch base via video app Zoom. Geoff said, "I have this new thing called Zoom to chat with her, but I leave all the technology to younger people. They're much better at pressing all the buttons. "
Despite having chatted for decades, the pair only met twice — first in 2002 while Geoff visited New York aged 80, and then again two years later. Having such a unique relationship, the pair deny there is any romance there. Celesta said, "We're just friends, like people who live next door. It's nice to hear his voice. "
4．What played a key role in the pen pals' contact
A．A school program. B．An educational email.
C．A pen pal's introduction. D．A correspondence course.
5．What did the pair mainly talk about in their letters
A．Their favourite sports. B．Their everyday life.
C．Their family traditions. D．Their experiences in the war.
6．Which is closest in meaning to "touch base" in paragraph 3
A．Lay foundation. B．Take a chance
C．Stay in contact. D．Make a difference.
7．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Effects of War on Friendship
B．True Friendship Lasts Forever
C．Pure Friendship Differs from Love
D．The Communication Problems of Old People
【答案】4．A
5．B
6．C
7．C
【知识点】词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了1938年，Geoff Banks和Celesta Byrne相识于一个教育项目。自那时起，他们一直保持着联系。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"I honestly struggle to remember how we got in touch, and I think it was something to do with an American school's scheme. It matched us up with Americans for a pen pal relationship, and somehow I ended up with a letter from an American girl, and we have just kept corresponding ever since."老实说，我很难记起我们是怎么联系上的，我想这与一所美国学校的计划有关。它让我们和美国人成为笔友，不知怎么的，我收到了一封来自一个美国女孩的信，从那以后我们就一直保持通信。可知，在这对笔友的联系中，学校的项目起了关键作用。故选A。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"We just talk about daily lives and our families really, but we don't discuss the football."我们只是谈论日常生活和家庭，但我们不讨论足球。可知，两人在信中主要谈论了他们的日常生活。故选B。
6．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"via video app Zoom"可知，他们现在通过视频Zoom应用程序保持联系。可推知划线词touch base意思是"保持联系"，故选C。
7．考查标题归纳。根据最后一段中的"Having such a unique relationship, the pair deny there is any romance there. Celesta said, ‘We're just friends, like people who live next door. It's nice to hear his voice.'"拥有如此独特的关系，两人否认他们之间有任何浪漫。Celesta说："我们只是朋友，就像住在隔壁的人一样。很高兴听到他的声音。"；结合文章主要讲述了1938年，Geoff Banks和Celesta Byrne相识于一个教育项目。自那时起，他们一直保持着联系。"Pure Friendship Differs from Love"适合做文章标题，故选C。
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 阅读理解
While some critics claim that history curricula (课程) teach unnecessary content, others argue that these curricula need to be more comprehensive. Despite ongoing debates about content, one universal truth remains: strong history curricula are necessary for developing the productive citizens of tomorrow.
The greatest academic value that history curricula provide is not the recall of important dates and names. Rather, understanding the historical inquiry process is the most important component. This process teaches students how to become critical thinkers and understand the dynamic nature of the telling of history.
Through strong history curricula, students are shown both a variety of primary and secondary sources and are taught to critique them. This is where the historical inquiry process begins. Students not only begin to analyze and ask questions about the content, but they also learn about the author's credibility and potential bias (偏见). Students are then able to contextualize the information they learn and can think more critically about historical context and those who tell it.
With this framework, students can then understand the causal relationship between human nature, values, philosophy, actions, and their consequences. It teaches students to recognize recurrent themes and lessons that are necessary to understand modern society. Most importantly, it teaches students to develop a healthy skepticism (怀疑论) when presented with information today because our actions are history in the making.
Forty years ago, renowned scholar James Fitzgerald argued that no education is complete without the teaching of historical inquiry. He believed that the only way to move forward in life is to understand what's behind us.
Today, this principle still holds true. Students take both the factual knowledge and the historical inquiry skills they learn in the classroom and apply them to real world circumstances. Throughout their lives, students who are taught with strong history curricula will take the lessons they learn from our predecessors and become involved, active, productive citizens who want to create a history that tomorrow's students will be proud to learn about.
8．What is the biggest academic significance of history learning
A．Passing down Chinese culture.
B．Grasping historical inquiry skills.
C．Making people more knowledgeable.
D．Enriching people's everyday life.
9．What does the underlined word "critique" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Protect. B．Combine. C．Comment. D．Remember.
10．Why is James Fitzgerald mentioned in the passage
A．To stress the importance of history.
B．To point out the essence of education.
C．To indicate famous people learn from history.
D．To show history contributes to people's achievements.
11．What can be the best title for the passage
A．It Is the People that Create History
B．History Pushes the Wheel of the Times
C．History Curricula Are Gaining More Attention
D．History Curricula Shape Tomorrow's Decision Makers
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．A
11．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；学习教育类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，分析了学习历史学科对人们的重要意义，认为学习历史能够让学生们成为积极主动富有成效的公民。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和标题归纳四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"The greatest academic value that history curricula provide is not the recall of important dates and names. Rather, understanding the historical inquiry process is the most important component."历史课程提供的最大学术价值不是回忆重要的日期和名字。相反，了解历史调查过程是最重要的组成部分。可知，作者认为学习历史的最大的意义在于了解历史探究过程。故选B。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"This is where the historical inquiry process begins. Students not only begin to analyze and ask questions about the content, but they also learn about the author's credibility and potential bias (偏见). Students are then able to contextualize the information they learn and can think more critically about historical con text and those who tell it."这就是历史调查过程开始的地方。学生们不仅要开始分析文章内容并提出问题，还要了解作者的可信度和潜在偏见。这样，学生们就能够将他们所学到的信息语境化，并能更批判性地思考历史背景和那些讲述历史的人。可知，此处介绍如何对一些资料进行历史探究，了解作者的可信度、偏见以便能更批判性地思考历史背景和那些讲述历史的人。可推知，划线词critique与comment是"评论"之意，故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"Forty years ago, renowned scholar James Fitzgerald argued that no education is complete without the teaching of historical inquiry. He believed that the only way to move forward in life is to understand what's behind us."40年前，著名学者詹姆斯·菲茨杰拉德认为，没有历史探究的教育是不完整的。他认为，在生活中前进的唯一途径是了解我们身后的事情。可推知，文章中提到了詹姆斯·菲茨杰拉德，以强调历史的重要性。故选A。
11．考查标题归纳。根据第一段中的"Despite ongoing debates about content, one universal truth remains: strong history curricula are necessary for developing the productive citizens of tomorrow."尽管关于内容的争论仍在继续，但一个普遍的真理仍然存在：强有力的历史课程对于培养未来有生产力的公民是必要的；及下文论述可知。文章主要分析了学习历史学科对人们的重要意义，认为学习历史能够让学生们成为积极主动富有成效的公民。"历史课程塑造未来的决策者"适合作本文标题。故选D。
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 阅读理解
Elephants eat plants. That's common knowledge to biologists and animal-loving schoolchildren alike. Yet figuring out exactly what kind of plants they eat is more complicated.
A new study from a global team that included Brown University conservation biologists used innovative methods to efficiently and precisely analyze the dietary habits of elephants in Kenya. Their findings on the habits of individual elephants help answer important questions about group food searching behaviors, and aid biologists in understanding the conservation approaches that best keep elephants not only sated (饱的) but satisfied.
"When I talk to non-ecologists, they are surprised to learn that we have never really had a clear picture of what all of these large animals actually eat in nature, " Kartzinel, an expert botanist who has conducted field research in Kenya, said. "The reason is that these animals are difficult and dangerous to observe from up-close, they move long distances, they feed at night and in thick bush and a lot of the plants they feed on are quite small. "
Then the team compared the diets of individual elephants through time. In their analysis, they showed that dietary differences among individuals were often far greater than what had been previously assumed, even among family members that ate together on a given day.
This study helps address a classic paradox (悖论) in wildlife ecology. Kartzinel said: "How do social bonds hold family groups together in a world of limited resources " In other words, given that elephants all seemingly eat the same plants, it's not obvious why competition for food doesn't push them apart and force them to search for food independently.
"The simple answer is that elephants vary their diets based not only on what's available but also their preferences and physiological needs, " said Kartzinel. These findings help inform theories of why a group of elephants may search for food together: The individual elephants don't always eat exactly the same plants at the same time, so there will usually be enough plants to go around.
These findings may offer valuable insights for conservation biologists. To protect elephants and create environments in which they can successfully grow their populations, they need a variety of plants to eat.
12．What did the new study focus on
A．The results of conservation approaches.
B．The eating habits of elephants.
C．Ways to protect elephants from starving.
D．Elephants' social behavior and needs.
13．What can we infer from paragraph 3
A．Elephants are hard to monitor.
B．Elephants only live in thick bush.
C．Elephants are kind and friendly animals.
D．Elephants seldom eat with humans around.
14．What message can conservation biologists get from the study
A．It is necessary for elephants to live together.
B．It is possible to observe elephants up-close.
C．It is social bonds that hold elephants together.
D．It is important to protect the variety of plants.
15．Which word can be used to describe the study
A．Inaccurate. B．Shocking. C．Beneficial. D．Subjective.
【答案】12．B
13．A
14．D
15．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项研究大象饮食习惯的科学研究，研究表明大象不仅根据可用的食物，而且根据它们的偏好和生理需求来改变它们的饮食。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"A new study from a global team that included Brown University conservation biologists used innovative methods to efficiently and precisely analyze the dietary habits of elephants in Kenya."包括布朗大学保护生物学家在内的一个全球团队进行了一项新的研究，他们使用创新的方法高效、精确地分析了肯尼亚大象的饮食习惯。可知，这项新的研究集中在大象的饮食习惯上。故选B。
13．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The reason is that these animals are difficult and dangerous to observe from up-close, they move long distances, they feed at night and in thick bush and a lot of the plants they feed on are quite small."原因是近距离观察这些动物既困难又危险，它们移动距离很远，在夜间和茂密的灌木丛中觅食，而且它们吃的很多植物都很小。可知，监测大象的行为生活等是存在困难的。故选A。
14．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"‘The simple answer is that elephants vary their diets based not only on what's available but also their preferences and physiological needs,' said Kartzinel.""简单的答案是，大象不仅根据可用的食物，而且根据它们的偏好和生理需求来改变它们的饮食，"Kartzinel说；以及最后一段"These findings may offer valuable insights for conservation biologists. To protect elephants and create environments in which they can successfully grow their populations, they need a variety of plants to eat. "这些发现可能为保护生物学家提供有价值的见解。为了保护大象，并为它们创造能够成功繁殖的环境，它们需要各种各样的植物来吃。可推知，保护生物学家从中得到的一个信息就是"保护植物的多样性是重要的"。故选D。
15．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Their findings on the habits of individual elephants help answer important questions about group food searching behaviors, and aid biologists in understanding the conservation approaches that best keep elephants not only sated (饱的) but satisfied."他们对大象个体习性的研究有助于回答有关群体觅食行为的重要问题，并帮助生物学家了解保护大象的方法，这些方法不仅能让大象吃饱，还能让大象满意；以及最后一段"These findings may offer valuable insights for conservation biologists. To protect elephants and create environments in which they can successfully grow their populations, they need a variety of plants to eat. "这些发现可能为保护生物学家提供有价值的见解。为了保护大象，并为它们创造能够成功繁殖的环境，它们需要各种各样的植物来吃。可推知，这项研究结果是有价值的，能够帮助生态学家更好地对大象进行保护。故选C。
二、阅读理解，第二节任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Knowing How and When to Say Sorry Can Build Better Friendship
Have you ever argued with a friend and said or done something you regretted 16． . Knowing how to apologize can help you become friends again and to understand why you fell out in the first place.
Why do we argue
We argue for all kinds of reasons. For example, you might think your football team is fantastic, but your friend disagrees, or you don't want someone to join in your game. Sometimes, especially if you are angry, things can become out of control, and you'll say or do something you regret. 17． . But it's important to resolve your differences afterwards so bad feelings don't get worse. This is where an apology can help.
What does saying sorry mean
We all make mistakes, and apologizing is a way of admitting we've got something wrong and will try not to do it again. 18． . An apology needs to show the other person that you are genuinely sorry, you accept responsibility for your actions, and that you want their forgiveness.
19．
Sometimes another person may pressure you into taking the blame when it has nothing to do with you. If you feel this is happening, try talking about why you argued in the first place and explain how it made you feel. If you still can't agree, you could ask a parent or teacher to help you resolve the problem.
Does apologizing always work
A genuine apology is a magic word. It may take time for someone to understand and forgive. 20． . But you can feel good about trying to fix things and promising yourself to do better next time.
A. What if it's not my fault
B. How should we apologize to others
C. Try it again if you fail to get others' forgiveness
D. Even after you've said sorry, you could still feel bad
E. Arguing and disagreeing with others occasionally is normal
F. It may be hard to say sorry, but if you want to make something better you must try
G. Sometimes it can be hard to put things right, especially when feelings have been hurt
【答案】16．G；17．E；18．F；19．A；20．D
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了你应该知道的一些关于争吵和道歉的事情。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Have you ever argued with a friend and said or done something you regretted "你是否曾经和朋友争吵过，说过或做过让你后悔的事情 ；以及空后"Knowing how to apologize can help you become friends again and to understand why you fell out in the first place."懂得道歉可以帮助你们重新成为朋友，也能让你们明白当初为什么会闹翻。可知，此处为承上启下句，与朋友吵过架之后，感情肯定受到伤害。G. Sometimes it can be hard to put things right, especially when feelings have been hurt"有时候很难把事情摆正，尤其是当感情受到伤害的时候"符合语境。故选G。
17．根据空后"But it's important to resolve your differences afterwards so bad feelings don't get worse. "但重要的是事后解决你们的分歧，这样糟糕的感觉就不会变得更糟。可知，前后为转折关系，偶尔争吵是正常的，但要及时解决分歧。E. Arguing and disagreeing with others occasionally is normal"偶尔与他人争吵或有分歧是正常的"符合语境。故选E。
18．根据空后"An apology needs to show the other person that you are genuinely sorry, you accept responsibility for your actions, and that you want their forgiveness. "道歉需要向对方表明你真的很抱歉，你愿意为自己的行为承担责任，你希望他们原谅你。可知，道歉很难，但有利于解决问题。F. It may be hard to say sorry, but if you want to make something better you must try"说对不起可能很难，但如果你想做得更好，你必须尝试"符合语境。故选F。
19．根据空后"Sometimes another person may pressure you into taking the blame when it has nothing to do with you. If you feel this is happening, try talking about why you argued in the first place and explain how it made you feel. If you still can't agree, you could ask a parent or leacher to help you resolve the problem. "有时，另一个人可能会迫使你承担责任，但这与你无关。如果你觉得这种情况正在发生，试着谈谈你们当初为什么争吵，并解释它让你有什么感觉。如果你仍然不能同意，你可以让父母或老师帮你解决问题。可知，本段介绍不是自己过错的解决方法。A. What if it's not my fault"如果不是我的错呢"符合语境。故选A。
20．根据空前"It may take time for someone to understand and forgive. "一个人理解和原谅可能需要时间；以及空后"But you can feel good about trying to fix things and promising yourself to do belter next time."但是你可以在尝试解决问题并承诺自己下次做得更好的过程中感觉良好。可知，此处为承上启下句，感觉很糟的原因是不能获得理解与原谅。D. Even after you've said sorry, you could still feel bad"即使你说了对不起，你仍然会感觉很糟糕"符合语境。故选D。
三、第二部分 英语知识运用，第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At the age of 91, living alone, Thomas was quietly enjoying his old age. His days were filled with 21． and leisure. He would watch TV and 22． leave his place. His lack of physical activity 23． his granddaughter, Diana. She wanted her grandpa to live a long and happy life and she finally had a perfect 24． .
Armed with a handful of love—a(n) 25． little dog named Frederica, she set out to 26． her beloved grandpa. Diana knew her grandpa's 27． for animals. Thomas was even considering getting a dog in the past, but his family 28． him. This time, Diana 29． to take matters into her own hands. She knew that having a puppy would be a 30． for the elderly man, so she was ready to 31． him with whatever he would need. What a wonderful and 32． decision!
Thomas' face 33． up when he saw what his granddaughter was holding in her arms. He then 34． the puppy from the floor and immediately fell in love. The whole family were astonished by the immediate 35． between Thomas and the cute puppy. In the following days, Thomas began his remarkable 36． . He used to kill
most of his time inside by watching TV. But now with Frederica, he has developed a new 37． .
"Now, my grandfather gets up early to go outside with Frederica, and the dog 38． him when he works in the garden. They go for walks on the beach — all sorts of activities my grandfather used to 39． to do, " Diana said in an interview, "He is much more active and 40． . "
21．A． sport B． tears C． rest D． food
22．A． barely B． usually C． only D． once
23．A． inspired B． confused C． influenced D． worried
24．A． chance B． excuse C． idea D． ending
25．A． ugly B． lovely C． friendly D． lonely
26．A． visit B． treat C． consult D． persuade
27．A． habit B． pity C． affection D． patience
28．A． supported B． deserted C． promised D． discouraged
29．A． hesitated B． decided C． agreed D． failed
30．A． challenge B． right C． disaster D． shame
31．A． surprise B． leave C． teach D． help
32．A． considerate B． silly C． interesting D． selfish
33．A． turned B． lit C． went D． made
34．A． waited for B． picked up C． gave up D． jumped at
35．A． sympathy B． trust C． connection D． commitment
36．A． show B． journey
C． transformation D． recovery
37．A． hobby B． routine C． game D． skill
38．A． accompanies B． leads C． teases D． urges
39．A． try B． like C． wish D． refuse
40．A． faster B． luckier C． wiser D． happier
【答案】21．C；22．A；23．D；24．C；25．B；26．A；27．C；28．D；29．B；30．A；31．D；32．A；33．B；34．B；35．C；36．C；37．B；38．A；39．D；40．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了孙女戴安娜因为担心爷爷整天呆在家里不运动，于是给爷爷送去了一只小狗，有了小狗，爷爷变得更活跃更快乐了。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：他的日子充满了休息时间和闲暇。A. sport"运动"；B. tears"眼泪"；C. rest"休息"；D. food"食物"。根据上文"At the age of 91, living alone, Thomas was quietly enjoying his old age."91岁时，托马斯独自生活，静静地享受晚年。可知，他的日子充满了休息时间和闲暇。故选C。
22．句意：他会看电视，几乎不离开他的家。A. barely"几乎不"；B. usually"通常"；C. only"仅仅"；D. once"一旦"。根据下文"His lack of physical activity"可知，他看电视几乎不离开自己的家。故选A。
23．句意：他缺乏体育锻炼让他的孙女戴安娜感到担忧。A. inspired"鼓舞"；B. confused"使困惑"；C. influenced"影响"；D. worried"担心"。根据空前"His lack of physical activity"可知，爷爷缺乏体育锻炼让孙女担心。故选D。
24．句意：她希望她的爷爷长寿幸福，她终于有了一个完美的主意。A. chance"机会"；B. excuse"借口"；C. idea"想法"；D. ending"结束"。根据下文孙女打算用狗来让爷爷外出锻炼，可知是想到了完美的主意。故选C。
25．句意：带着一捧爱心和一只名叫弗雷德里卡的可爱小狗，她出发去看望她深爱的爷爷。A. ugly"丑陋的"；B. lovely"可爱的"；C. friendly"友好的"；D. lonely"寂寞的"。根据下文"the cute puppy"可知是可爱的小狗。故选B。
26．句意：带着一捧爱心和一只名叫弗雷德里卡的可爱小狗，她出发去看望她深爱的爷爷。A. visit"拜访"；B. treat"对待"；C. consult"咨询"；D. persuade"说服"。根据上文"She wanted her grandpa to live a long and happy life"；以及空前"she set out to"可知，孙女带着小狗和爱去看望爷爷。故选A。
27．句意：戴安娜知道她爷爷喜爱动物。A. habit"习惯"；B. pity"怜悯"；C. affection"喜爱"；D. patience"耐心"。根据下文"Thomas was even considering getting a dog"可知，戴安娜考虑让爷爷养狗，说明爷爷喜爱动物。故选C。
28．句意：托马斯过去甚至考虑过养条狗，但他的家人让他打消了年头。A. supported"支持"；B. deserted"抛弃"；C. promised"承诺"；D. discouraged"使打消念头，劝阻，阻碍"。根据空前"Thomas was even considering getting a dog in the past, but his family"中but表示转折，说明家里人不同意托马斯养狗，故选D。
29．句意：这一次，戴安娜决定自己动手处理。A. hesitated"犹豫"；B. decided"决定"；C. agreed "同意"；D. failed"失败"。根据空后"to take matters into her own hands"指戴安娜决定自己处理这一问题，decide to do sth.固定短语，"决定做某事"。故选B。
30．句意：她知道养一只小狗对这位老人来说是个挑战，所以她愿意帮助他做任何他需要的事情。A. challenge"挑战"；B. right"权利"；C. disaster"灾难"；D. shame"羞愧"。根据空后"for the elderly man"可知，爷爷已经91岁了，所以养狗是挑战。故选A。
31．句意：她知道养一只小狗对这位老人来说是个挑战，所以她愿意帮助他做任何他需要的事情。A. surprise"使惊讶"；B. leave"离开"；C. teach"教学"；D. help"帮助"。根据空后"with whatever he would need"可知，孙女愿意帮助爷爷，故选D。
32．句意：多么美妙和体贴的决定啊！A. considerate"体贴的"；B. silly"愚蠢的"；C. interesting "有趣的"；D. selfish"自私的"。孙女送给爷爷喜欢的动物，体现了孙女的体贴。故选A。
33．句意：当托马斯看到孙女怀里抱着的东西时，他的脸露出喜色。A. turned"转弯"；B. lit"点亮"；C. went"去"；D. made"制作"。根据下文"immediately fell in love"可知，爷爷看到狗很高兴，脸上露出喜色，light up固定短语，"露出喜色"。故选B。
34．句意：然后他从地板上抱起小狗，立刻爱上了它。A. waited for"等待"；B. picked up"捡起"；C. gave up"放弃"；D. jumped at"欣然接受"。根据空后"the puppy from the floor"指从地板上抱起小狗，故选B。
35．句意：全家人都惊讶于托马斯和那只可爱的小狗之间的直接联系。A. sympathy"同情"；B. trust "信任"；C. connection"连接"；D. commitment"承诺"。根据空后"between Thomas and the cute puppy"以及上文爷爷喜爱小狗，可知二者之间产生了联系。故选C。
36．句意：在接下来的几天里，托马斯开始了他非凡的转变。A. show"展示"；B. journey"旅程"；C. transformation"变化"；D. recovery"恢复"。根据下文"He used to kill most of his time inside by watching TV."和"Now, my grandfather gets up early to go outside with Frederica"可知，爷爷的生活有了改变，故选C。
37．句意：但是现在和弗雷德里卡在一起，他养成了一种新的惯例。A. hobby"爱好"；B. routine"常规，惯例"；C. game"游戏"；D. skill"技能"。根据空后"my grandfather gets up early to go outside with Frederica"可知，爷爷的日常惯例改变了。故选B。
38．句意：现在，我爷爷很早就起床和弗雷德里卡一起出去，当他在花园里干活时，狗会陪着他。A. accompanies"陪伴"；B. leads"带领"；C. teases"嘲笑"；D. urges"催促"。根据空前"Now, my grandfather gets up early to go outside with Frederica,"可知，爷爷和小狗一起出去，爷爷在花园干活的时候，狗也会陪伴爷爷。故选A。
39．句意："他们去海滩散步——这些都是我祖父过去拒绝做的事情，"戴安娜在一次采访中说，"他现在活跃多了，也快乐多了。"A. try"尝试"；B. like"喜欢"；C. wish"希望"；D. refuse"拒绝"。根据空前"They go for walks on the beach — all sorts of activities my grandfather used to"以及上文提到爷爷以前整天呆在家里，可知是指过去拒绝做的事情。故选D。
40．句意："他们去海滩散步——这些都是我祖父过去拒绝做的事情，"戴安娜在一次采访中说，"他现在活跃多了，也快乐多了。"A. faster"更快的"；B. luckier"更幸运的"；C. wiser"更明智的"；D. happier"更快乐的"。根据上文"He is much more active and"以及狗带来的改变，可知爷爷如今更活跃也更开心了。故选D。
四、第二部分 英语知识运用，第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
（2023高一上·阎良月考） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The winners of the 2023 Hugo Awards 41． (announce) at the 2023 Chengdu World Science Fiction Convention this October, with Chinese writer Hai Ya's The Space-Time Painter 42． (win) the Hugo Award for Best Novelette. Hai became the 43． (three) Chinese winner of this award, following Liu Cixin and Hao Jingfang.
Drawing 44． (inspire) from the painting masterpiece One Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, Hai has written a thriller which combines the elements of traditional Chinese culture and history 45． sci-fi and detective genres (体裁) . Hai has created the character of painting prodigy (奇才) Zhao Ximeng, who painted for an emperor about 1, 000 years ago. After much misery and suffering, the painter's mind abandons his physical body and enters a space 46． a modern police officer is investigating a case involving an ancient painting. The sci-fi narrative, connected 47． (close) to Chinese history, reveals the political power struggle of the period when the ancient painting was created.
Hai, also 48． financial worker, thinks himself more of a sci-fi enthusiast 49． a writer. "I have a very busy job, leaving me little time to write, " he said. "But I believe if I'm willing to put efforts in it, I 50． (see) hopes and the dawn. "
【答案】41．were announced；42．winning；43．third；44．inspiration；45．with；46．where；47．closely；48．a；49．than；50．will see
【知识点】新闻报道类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了2023年世界科幻文学最高奖项"雨果奖"的获奖者于周六晚公布，中国作家海漄以《时空画师》获得最佳中篇小说奖，他也是继刘慈欣、郝景芳之后，第三位获得雨果奖的中国科幻作家。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态语态，非谓语动词，数词，名词，介词，定语从句，副词，冠词，时态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
41．句意：今年10月，2023年雨果奖的获奖者在2023成都世界科幻大会上公布，中国作家海漄的《时空画家》获得了雨果奖最佳中篇小说奖。此处是谓语动词，与主语The winners构成被动关系，结合this October可知为一般过去时的被动语态，故填were announced。
42．句意：今年10月，2023年雨果奖的获奖者在2023成都世界科幻大会上公布，中国作家海漄的《时空画家》获得了雨果奖最佳中篇小说奖。此处为with的复合结构，Chinese writer Hai Ya's The Space-Time Painter与win是主谓关系关系，应用现在分词，作宾补。故填winning。
43．句意：海是继刘慈欣和郝景芳之后第三位获得该奖项的中国人。此处表示"第三"应用序数词third。故填third。
44．句意：海从名著《千里江山》中汲取灵感，创作了这部惊悚小说，将中国传统文化和历史元素与科幻和侦探类型相结合。作宾语，应用名词inspiration，抽象概念，不可数。故填inspiration。
45．句意：海从名著《千里江山》中汲取灵感，创作了这部惊悚小说，将中国传统文化和历史元素与科幻和侦探类型相结合。combine…with…固定短语，"和......结合"，故填with。
46．句意：在经历了许多痛苦和折磨之后，画家的思想放弃了他的身体，进入了一个现代警察正在调查一件涉及古代绘画的案件的空间。 a modern police officer is investigating a case involving an ancient painting是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词space，在从句作地点状语，故填where。
47．句意：科幻叙事与中国历史紧密相连，揭示了这幅古画创作时期的政治权力斗争。修饰connected应用副词closely，故填closely。
48．句意：海也是一名金融工作者，他认为自己更像是一个科幻爱好者，而不是作家。worker为泛指，且financial是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
49．句意：海也是一名金融工作者，他认为自己更像是一个科幻爱好者，而不是作家。more of…than…，固定短语，"比起……更像是……"，故填than。
50．句意："但我相信，如果我愿意付出努力，我就会看到希望和曙光。"此处为主将从现，主句表示将来应用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。故填will see。
五、第四部分：写作，第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51．（2023高一上·阎良月考） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I bought a book about motivation the few weeks ago. My mother asked me that I would like to share it with others when she finished reading the book. Of course, I was willingly to give it to those who wanted it. It occurs to me that I should send it to my friend, Pam. She supported me through my learning journey but I valued her friendship greatly. Fortunately, she was being admitted into a key university last year. I told her pass it on to someone else if it wasn't fit to her. I hoped that it would be reading instead of sitting on my bookshelf.
【答案】①the→a②that→if/whether③she→I④willingly→willing⑤occurs→occurred⑥but→so/and⑦删除being⑧在pass前加to⑨to→for⑩reading→read
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己把书分享给朋友的故事。
（1）句意：几周前我买了一本关于激励的书。a few固定短语，"些许，几个"。故the改为a。
（2）句意：当我读完这本书的时候，妈妈问我是否愿意和别人分享。根据下文"Of course, I was willingly to give it to those who wanted it."可知，我愿意分享书给别人。所以妈妈问我是否愿意。动词后的宾语从句，表示"是否"含义，可以是if，也可以是whether。故that改为if/whether。
（3）句意：当我读完这本书的时候，妈妈问我是否愿意和别人分享。根据句意可知，应是我读完了书，妈妈问我是否愿意分享。故she改为I。
（4）句意：当然，我很乐意把它给那些想要它的人。固定搭配be willing to do sth意为"乐意做某事"。故willingly改为willing。
（5）句意：我突然想到我应该把它寄给我的朋友帕姆。根据前文"I bought a book about motivation the few weeks ago."可知，本文描述的是几周前的事，故应为一般过去时。故occurs改为occurred。
（6）句意：她支持我的学习之旅，所以我非常珍惜她的友谊。根据句意可知，她支持我的学习，我很珍惜我们的友谊，前后应为顺承关系或者因果关系。故but改为so/and。
（7）句意：幸运的是，她去年被一所重点大学录取了。根据时间状语"last year"可知，她被录取是去年的事，故应一般过去时的被动语态。故删除being。
（8）句意：我告诉她，如果她觉得不合适，就转给别人。tell sb to do sth固定短语，"告诉某人做某事"。故在pass前加to。
（9）句意：我告诉她，如果她觉得不合适，就转给别人。be fit for...固定短语，"适合……"。故to改为for。
（10）句意：我希望它能被阅读，而不是坐在我的书架上。结合句意，且照应主语"it"指代的是书，与read之间是被动关系，所以应为被动语态。故reading改为read。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及冠词，宾语从句，代词，形容词，时态，连词，非谓语动词以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、第四部分：写作，第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52．（2023高一上·阎良月考） 某英语报社现面向中学生征文，主题是"我帮父母做家务"。请你写一篇短文投稿，
要点如下: 1. 做家务的经历；2. 你的感受和收获。
注意： 1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】One possible version:
One Sunday, my parents went out to the supermarket, and it occurred to me that I could give our home a thorough cleanup. Firstly, I collected the clothes hung out, folded them and put them in the wardrobe. Then I dusted the living room and put all things in place. After that, I swept and mopped the floor. When my parents came back, seeing the living room tidy and the floor shining, they looked at me in surprise and then gave me a big hug. Tired as I was, I felt so happy.
Through this experience, I gained deeper insight into the glory of labour. I decided to help with the housework whenever I can.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生 写一篇短文投稿 。写作背景： 某英语报社现面向中学生征文，主题是"我帮父母做家务"。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1. 做家务的经历；2. 你的感受和收获。 提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：One Sunday, my parents went out to the supermarket, and it occurred to me that I could give our home a thorough cleanup.运用了并列句，固定句式it occurred to sb. that...； When my parents came back, seeing the living room tidy and the floor shining, they looked at me in surprise and then gave me a big hug. 运用了时间状语从句，现在分词作状语；Tired as I was, I felt so happy.运用了倒装句，让步状语从句；I decided to help with the housework whenever I can.运用了省略。
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