岳阳市2024年高中教学质量监测试卷
高一英语
本试卷共12页，共67道小题，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、考号、姓名和座位号填写在答题卡指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，只交答题卡。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. Who cut the man’s hair this time
A. A hairdresser. B. His father. C. His mother.
2. What does the woman want the man to do
A. Lend her a book. B. Go traveling with her. C. Give her some suggestions.
3. What have sports mainly helped the woman do
A. Make friends. B. Improve health. C. Perform better at work.
4. When will the meeting probably start
A. At 5:30 p. m. B. At 5:40 p. m. C. At 5:50 p. m.
5. Why is Sarah unable to attend the event
A. She is ill. B. She is traveling. C. She is busy working.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman doing in the conversation
A Doing a job interview. B. Selling a product.
C. Sharing her success story.
7. What did the woman use AI to do
A. She created a website.
B. She started a business.
C. She designed posts.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a park. B. At a pet shop. C. At the woman’s home.
9. What is the weather like today
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Windy.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Writer and fan. B. Radio host and guest. C. Teacher and student.
11. What type of book are the speakers discussing
A. A fiction novel B. A textbook C. A science book
12. What kind of language is used in the book
A. Professional language. B. Simple language. C. Funny language.
13. Which subject was the woman good at in school
A. Math. B. Science. C. English.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
14. Where is the biggest area of rubbish located
A. In the Pacific Ocean. B. In the Indian Ocean. C. In the Atlantic Ocean.
15. How does the man feel about the rubbish areas in the oceans
A. Discouraged. B. Uninterested. C. Shocked.
16. What do people mainly find in the rubbish
A. Metal. B. Plastic. C. Glass.
17. What is the best way to deal with the rubbish according to the woman
A. Putting it under the ocean.
B. Using special boats to collect it.
C. Recycling it before it gets into the ocean.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
18. What will the speaker study at university
A. History. B. Building design. C. Hotel management.
19. What did the speaker’s father offer her
A. A flight ticket. B. A traditional wine bottle. C. A list of must-see buildings.
20. How many floors does the CITIC Tower have in total
A.108 floors. B.115 floors. C. 128 floors.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Podcasts! According to the survey: this week’s most popular books, we highly recommend four books to you.
When She Was Princess
In 1945, the woman who was to become Queen Elizabeth II (and recently celebrated 70 years on the British throne) was aged 19, keenly aware of the duties of the crown and already showing signs of a quiet determination to face the challenges that lay ahead.
Parental As Anything, with Maggie Dent
Parenting author Maggie Dent shares what to do if your kids are fighting over every little thing and other common parenting dilemmas. There are practical tips and answers on everything affecting children of all ages from shyness to screen time, avoiding homework to tantrums and more.
Get Moving Keep Moving
Passionate about psychology and exercise science, Dr Spence has combined the two in this book to explore why exercise loses its lustre (光泽) as we age, and shows us how the challenge of returning to exercise can be overcome and the possibilities this create s for ageing well. Using personal stories, this easy-to-read guide empowers readers to take charge of their health, reconnect with their physical self, and set themselves up for a longer, healthier life.
The “Harry Potter” Series by J. K. Rowling on Audible
Harry Potter needs little introduction, but the audio books available on Audible (subscription) can be a great way to introduce kids to Hogwarts-and for those who have read the books, to revisit Harry, Hermione and Ron.
HOW TO GET PODCASTS
To listen on the web: In a search engine, look up The Commune, for example, and click on the play button.
To download: Download an app such as Podcatchers or iTunes on your phone or tablet and simply search by title.
1. Which book talks about how to get along with kids in their family
A. When She Was Princess B. Parental As Anything
C. Get Moving Keep Moving D. The ‘Harry Potter’ Series
2. What do we know from the text
A. J. K. Rowling introduces adults to Hogwarts.
B. Maggie Dent shares how to stick to exercise.
C. Queen Elizabeth II came into power when she was 19.
D. Dr Spence uses personal stories to lead readers to live a healthier life.
3. What column (专栏) in a magazine might the passage come from
A. Literature. B. Health. C. Sports. D. Science.
B
As an undergraduate in Mumbai, India, Saad Bhamla do something rewarding for his grandparents. The problem was, his grandparents suffered from age-related hearing loss and desperately needed hearing aids. Saad’s heart sank when he discovered that the prices were shockingly high and far beyond his means.
Determined to find a solution, he devoted himself to his studies and research. Now, 15 years later, the professor has invented a device to help the old across the globe: A cheap hearing aid. The practical device, described in a new study, could help restore hearing to millions suffering from age-related hearing loss for less than the price of a bottle of water.
The device is the size of a matchbox and can be worn like a necklace. At bulk (批量) rates, Bhamla says, it would cost just under $1 to make.
In low and middle-income countries, only 3% of people with age-related hearing loss wear hearing aids, and in countries like the United States, the adoption rate hovers (徘徊) at about 20%, according to Bhamla. Aside from concerns about cost, Bhamla says, “a lot of people don’t realize they have hearing loss and then there is the social prejudice of wearing the aid. Those with the aids would be looked down upon.”
Bhamla added “If these cost-effective devices were put into use, they could benefit many people. In theory, if hearing problems are alleviated (缓解), people’s cognitive pathways will be changed, the risk of Alzheimer’s disease reduced.”
Bhamla wants biomedical devices to be as cheap and accessible as consumer electronics. He still remembers the experience of learning that he couldn’t afford to help his grandparents. “I thought owning a laptop and a cellphone meant I had the means to purchase hearing aids, but then I realized how expensive they were,” he recalls. “So I understood the world more clearly.”
4. What does the underlined word “restore” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Damage. B. Recover. C. Repeat. D. Remember.
5. Which is NOT the reason for a low percentage of hearing aids adoption around the world
A. Some people are unaware of their hearing loss. B. Some people are concerned about the high price.
C. Some people take no notice of social prejudice. D. Some people are afraid of being looked down upon.
6. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Bhamla wants to make a lot of money from his invention.
B. Bhamla wants to make hearing aids affordable for people.
C. Bhamla was unwilling to buy hearing aids for his grandparents.
D. Bhamla started to understand the meaning of owning hearing aids.
7. What kind of person is Saad Bhamla
A. Persistent and creative. B. Stubbor n and proud.
C. Independent and easy-going. D. Intelligent and honest.
C
Researchers have extensively explored whether time of day affects exercise benefits and performance. Although morning workouts may be the greatest for circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), afternoon exercise tends to be slightly more efficient. Overall, given the benefits of exercise, the best time to work out for most people is whenever they can fit it into their schedules.
A key part of starting to exercise is choosing when to work out. Morning, afternoon, or evening: Which time is best Scientists have studied this dilemma extensively.
For fresh exercisers, morning workouts are often the most terrible. Trading a cozy bed for an unforgiving fitness center can be a rude awakening to say the least. But morning workouts have their advantages. Challenging the body produces endorphins (内啡肽), uplifting one’s mood following effort. These chemicals, along with a few others, boost energy levels, alertness, and focus, which can make you more productive and attentive at work.
But early exercisers may not be able to achieve peak performance. Stronger muscles, fewer stored energy reserves from overnight fasting (夜间禁食), and a slightly cooler body temperature in the morning add up to influence exercise output. Therefore, more anxious exercisers might prefer working out in the afternoon.
Exercise itself may also be more efficient in the afternoon. For example, in one study, young men instructed to cycle to exhaustion at a set difficulty were able to ride 20% longer in the afternoon compared to the morning. A review of studies also found that muscle strength, muscle power, and running abilities all peaked in the afternoon, topping morning performance by anywhere from 3% to 20%.
Finally, some folks may decide to work out later in the evening. Studies centered around this time of day tend to focus on whether or not nightly exercise negatively impacts sleep quality. Gathered research suggests it does not and, instead, actually improves sleep.
So, taking everything into account, when is the best time to exercise There actually is a straightforward answer! If you’re not about to go to sleep, if you’ve got some free time on your hands, and if you haven’t already exercised today, the best time to exercise is now.
8. When is the best time for people to exercise according to the research
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon.
C. In the evening. D. Whenever they are available.
9. Which of the following is not the advantage of morning exercise
A. Improving one’s mood following effort.
B. Producing more chemicals in the body.
C. Increasing energy level, alertness and focus.
D. Making you more efficient and concentrated at work.
10. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Exercise efficiency increases in the morning.
B. Nightly exercise seriously influences sleep quality.
C. More anxious exercisers prefer exercising in the afternoon.
D. Afternoon exercise might have an advantage over morning exercise.
11. What is a suitable title for the text
A. What can exercise bring to us B. Are you ready to exercise now
C. When is the best time to exercise D. How can you choose the best time to exercise
D
For the first time, researchers have successfully transplanted genetically modified (基因改良的) pig hearts into two dead humans who were on life support. The recipients (接受者), whose families donated their bodies for the procedures, had been declared brain-dead.
The two surgeries took place at NYU Langone Health’s Tisch Hospital in New York City. The first recipient was Larry Kelly, a 73-year-old man who had had two open-heart surgeries before. Information on the second recipient hasn’t yet been shared. After the transplants, the two recipients were observed for 72 hours. There were no signs of rejection (排斥) and the hearts functioned normally.
Xenotransplantation offers a possible solution to the shortage of donor organs. In the US alone, more than 105,000 people are waiting for an organ transplant, and 17 die each day. But a major concern with using animal organs is transplant rejection — when the immune system attacks the organ, eventually causing it to fail.
To avoid this, Nader Moazami at NYU Langone Health and his colleagues used hearts from pigs with 10 genetic modifications. Four turned off genes known to increase the risk of transplant rejection and abnormal organ growth. The other six were inserted human genes that reduce incompatibilities (不相容性) between biological pathways in pigs and humans. Infection with animal viruses is another possible risk. While the virus can’t infect human cells, it did infect the transplanted organ, potentially contributing to his death.
For the two recent transplants, Montgomery at New York University Langone Health said they used specialized procedures that can detect low levels of the virus and screen for other pig diseases.
“It was one of the most amazing things to see a pig heart beating inside the chest of a human being. It is a great honor to witness that in my lifetime,” said Montgomery. “This is a completely new field.”
12. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A. The methods of observation. B. The function of the two surgeries.
C. The basic information about the two surgeries. D. The personal information of the two recipients.
13. Why did the author list these figures in paragraph 3
A. To reflect the shortage of donor organs.
B. To introduce the idea of transplant rejection.
C. To stress the potential importance of Xenotransplantation.
D. To show concern for people waiting for an organ transplant.
14. What did the study led by Moazami focus on
A. Ways to deal with abnormal organ growth.
B. Incompatibilities between pigs and humans.
C. Specialized process detecting levels of viruses.
D. Genetic modifications to reduce transplant rejection.
15. What is Montgomery’s attitude toward their studies
A. Unclear. B. Neutral. C. Doubtful. D. Optimistic.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Beyond Burnout
The world is seriously stressed out. We all get busy sometimes, but feeling constantly worried and overwhelmed can lead to burnout, which can have serious results.____16____.
Look for meaning at work
We can tolerate stress longer if we believe we’re doing something purposeful and worthwhile. We’re more likely to experience more stress when something seems out of our control, against our will or totally meaningless. Take stock of (仔细审视) what’s on your plate. ____17____.
____18____
Ignoring (忽视) your diet or eating fast foods or comfort foods can become a way of dealing with stress, but it will reduce nutrients necessary to bring energy. Many individuals are less active when under stress. ____19____. While you don’t have to run away from a mountain lion these days, even light movement helps “complete” the stress cycle.
Recognize when it has become too much
It’s very common for superiors to continue to increase tasks over time. If we don’t communicate our needs or limitations, they may be ignored. ____20____. For nurse Wendy Reynolds, director of a hospital intensive care unit, stress had always been part of the job. She solved her burnout problem by starting a different role where she can manage her work-life balance while still having a satisfying career.
If you do feel burnt out therapy can help you process work-related stress and learn coping strategies, and it can teach you to communicate with your employer and set healthy boundaries.
A. Have a health y diet
B. Don’t ignore yourself
C. This is particularly true in the hospital
D. But movement is the most natural response to our body’s stress
E. If you don’t expect things will improve, consider changing jobs or even careers
F. If you can, cut one or two of those things that don’t personally give you meaning
G. Before situation gets worse, there are several steps you can take to prevent burnout
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Peterson Simon and his wife Li Jing have traveled across the globe by the back paths, providing their sons Jimmy and Tommy a(n) ____21____ environment for personal growth.
This East-meets-West couple started ____22____ while their younger son was still a baby in 2003. Most of their trips are far from the hot ____23____ recommended by travel guidebooks. “Real travel may be hard, uncertain, ____24____, but there’s a feel-good factor when you pass a test of some kind,” Simon wrote in the family’s newly published travel memoir (回忆录) Pages of Discovery.
Simon attaches great importance to ____25____ out of the classroom, saying that children might score well on school tests, ____26____ that experience of the world outside, with different languages, political structures, and religious beliefs, is the real ____27____ ground.
Children in this international family did not have the ____28____ to perform on school tests, but they had “____29____” on the road. Li asked her sons to write travel diaries, collect tickets, _____30_____ maps and summarize travel tips. She says such habits, though they might not _____31_____ improve test scores, will benefit them in later life.
These experiences certainly shaped their sons’ characters and _____32_____ their chosen study at university. One _____33_____ world history, the other international relations. The two brothers also share a(n) _____34_____ in historical monuments, and the Great Wall in particular. They are now planning to follow in their father’s footsteps with a new 4,500-km hike on the Great Wall.
“My parents view the world as a big _____35_____, and my brother and I are the biggest beneficiaries (受益人),” Jimmy says.
21. A. good B. unique C. normal D. equal
22. A. hiking B. working C. suffering D. traveling
23. A. parks B. spots C. mountains D. cities
24. A. challenging B. simple C. negative D. pleasant
25. A. performing B. reading C. learning D. exercising
26. A. and B. so C. but D. or
27. A. testing B. studying C. playing D. sleeping
28. A. problems B. potential C. reason D. pressure
29. A. homework B. option C. joy D. adventure
30 A. admire B. draw C. find D. ignore
31. A. slowly B. usually C. continuously D. directly
32. A. damaged B. updated C. influenced D. changed
33. A. takes up B. makes up C. passes down D. takes in
34. A. activity B. interest C. lecture D. band
35. A. village B. forum C. classroom D. family
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In fact, the film that you see on the screen is the product of a large quantity of hard work, most of ___36___ take s place behind the scenes. To start with, I’d like to draw ___37___ (you) attention to an important factor of a film--sound effects. For example, in Jurassic Park, the sounds of different animals, a baby elephant and a tiger ___38___ (include), were mixed by a computer to make a dinosaur roar. Another aspect that I attach great importance to is visual special effects. CGI has been ___39___ (frequent) used in film making as a special effects technology. In general, scenes ___40___ (require) CGI are filmed in front of a green screen in the studio. Because green doesn’t match any natural hair or skin colour, actors can be easily separated from the background. Props also contribute ___41___ a film’s success. To make a film look real, great efforts must sometimes ___42___ (make) to research, find and build objects. Director James Cameron spent six months looking at and revising plans of the Titanic in order to build ___43___ full sized model for his 1997 film. Just as the poor passengers on the real Titanic saw the tip of the iceberg, ___44___ we see on the cinema screen is just the tip of the huge iceberg of film-making
Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, all those talented people behind the scenes will come to your mind. They ___45___ (work) for months and even years so that you can have two hours of enjoyment!
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是红星中学高一学生李华，你英国笔友Chris就如何交友感到困惑，向你求助，请你给他回信。内容包括：
1.你对友谊的理解；
2.你的建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I hope this letter finds you well.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sharing Christmas With Strangers
I come from a large multicultural family, spread out across the globe, but we’re a tight-knit family that makes an effort to stay close. Christmas has always been a chance for us all to come together, no matter where in the world we might be.
My aunt Samantha loved Christmas and always went out of her way to make it cosy and magical for everyone around her. She was kind, fun and full of energy so it wasn’t hard to get into the Christmas spirit when she was around.
December 2022 was no exception. Samantha drove three hours from her house in Bournemouth to visit everyone two weeks before the 25th and to drop off presents to her friends still in the area. We chatted about our plans, laughed at how organised Samantha was (presents already bought and wrapped and the freezer full ahead of the big day) and kissed goodbye when it was time to leave.
So when on the evening of December 18, just seven days before Christmas Day, Samantha’s son called to tell us Samantha had passed away suddenly at home, none of us could quite believe it. I’d only been messaging her the day before, sharing voice notes like we always liked to do. Samantha had a blood clot (凝块) that had unfortunately travelled to her lung and despite the medical workers’ best efforts, they were unable to save my beloved, fun, wonderful aunt.
So close to Christmas, none of us felt like celebrating and we decided we’d have a quiet day at home, surrounded by family. That was until my sister-in-law, Vera, told us about some colleagues of hers who’d just arrived in the UK. These four young women from mainland China had just arrived in the country far away from friends and family, eager to experience a proper English Christmas but unaware that they’d have to spend the next two days alone while the rest of the country got together and celebrated.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
We knew we couldn’t leave them to spend the day by themselves
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It didn’t ease the pain of Samantha’s absence but connecting with strangers helped us get through the day.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________岳阳市2024年高中教学质量监测试卷
高一英语
本试卷共12页，共67道小题，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、考号、姓名和座位号填写在答题卡指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，只交答题卡。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. Who cut the man’s hair this time
A. A hairdresser. B. His father. C. His mother.
2. What does the woman want the man to do
A. Lend her a book. B. Go traveling with her. C. Give her some suggestions.
3. What have sports mainly helped the woman do
A. Make friends. B. Improve health. C. Perform better at work.
4. When will the meeting probably start
A. At 5:30 p. m. B. At 5:40 p. m. C. At 5:50 p. m.
5. Why is Sarah unable to attend the event
A. She is ill. B. She is traveling. C. She is busy working.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman doing in the conversation
A. Doing a job interview. B. Selling a product.
C. Sharing her success story.
7. What did the woman use AI to do
A. She created a website.
B. She started a business.
C. She designed posts.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a park. B. At a pet shop. C. At the woman’s home.
9. What is the weather like today
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Windy.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Writer and fan. B. Radio host and guest. C. Teacher and student.
11. What type of book are the speakers discussing
A. A fiction novel B. A textbook C. A science book
12. What kind of language is used in the book
A. Professional language. B. Simple language. C. Funny language.
13. Which subject was the woman good at in school
A. Math. B. Science. C. English.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
14. Where is the biggest area of rubbish located
A. In the Pacific Ocean. B. In the Indian Ocean. C. In the Atlantic Ocean.
15. How does the man feel about the rubbish areas in the oceans
A. Discouraged. B. Uninterested. C. Shocked.
16. What do people mainly find in the rubbish
A. Metal. B. Plastic. C. Glass.
17. What is the best way to deal with the rubbish according to the woman
A. Putting it under the ocean.
B. Using special boats to collect it.
C. Recycling it before it gets into the ocean.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
18. What will the speaker study at university
A. History. B. Building design. C. Hotel management.
19. What did the speaker’s father offer her
A. A flight ticket. B. A traditional wine bottle. C. A list of must-see buildings.
20. How many floors does the CITIC Tower have in total
A108 floors. B.115 floors. C. 128 floors.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Podcasts! According to the survey: this week’s most popular books, we highly recommend four books to you.
When She Was Princess
In 1945, the woman who was to become Queen Elizabeth II (and recently celebrated 70 years on the British throne) was aged 19, keenly aware of the duties of the crown and already showing signs of a quiet determination to face the challenges that lay ahead.
Parental As Anything, with Maggie Dent
Parenting author Maggie Dent shares what to do if your kids are fighting over every little thing and other common parenting dilemmas. There are practical tips and answers on everything affecting children of all ages from shyness to screen time, avoiding homework to tantrums and more.
Get Moving Keep Moving
Passionate about psychology and exercise science, Dr Spence has combined the two in this book to explore why exercise loses its lustre (光泽) as we age, and shows us how the challenge of returning to exercise can be overcome and the possibilities this create s for ageing well. Using personal stories, this easy-to-read guide empowers readers to take charge of their health, reconnect with their physical self, and set themselves up for a longer, healthier life.
The “Harry Potter” Series by J. K. Rowling on Audible
Harry Potter needs little introduction, but the audio books available on Audible (subscription) can be a great way to introduce kids to Hogwarts-and for those who have read the books, to revisit Harry, Hermione and Ron.
HOW TO GET PODCASTS
To listen on the web: In a search engine, look up The Commune, for example, and click on the play button.
To download: Download an app such as Podcatchers or iTunes on your phone or tablet and simply search by title.
1. Which book talks about how to get along with kids in their family
A. When She Was Princess B. Parental As Anything
C. Get Moving Keep Moving D. The ‘Harry Potter’ Series
2. What do we know from the text
A J. K. Rowling introduces adults to Hogwarts.
B. Maggie Dent shares how to stick to exercise.
C. Queen Elizabeth II came into power when she was 19.
D. Dr Spence uses personal stories to lead readers to live a healthier life.
3. What column (专栏) in a magazine might the passage come from
A. Literature. B. Health. C. Sports. D. Science.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本畅销书的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Parenting author Maggie Dent shares what to do if your kids are fighting over every little thing and other common parenting dilemmas. There are practical tips and answers on everything affecting children of all ages from shyness to screen time, avoiding homework to tantrums and more.(育儿作家玛吉·登特分享了如果你的孩子为每一件小事和其他常见的育儿困境而争吵时该怎么做。从害羞到看屏幕，从逃避作业到发脾气等等影响各个年龄段孩子的事情，都有实用的建议和答案)”可知，Parental As Anything讲的是如何与家里的孩子相处。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Using personal stories, this easy-to-read guide empowers readers to take charge of their health, reconnect with their physical self, and set themselves up for a longer, healthier life.(通过个人故事，这本易于阅读的指南使读者能够掌控自己的健康，重新与他们的身体自我联系，并为更长寿，更健康的生活做好准备)”可知，斯宾塞博士用个人故事引导读者过上更健康的生活。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Welcome to Podcasts! According to the survey: this week’s most popular books, we highly recommend four books to you.(欢迎来到播客！根据调查：本周最受欢迎的书，我们向你强烈推荐四本书)”结合文章主要介绍了四本畅销书的情况。由此推知，文章也许选自杂志的文学专栏。故选A。
B
As an undergraduate in Mumbai, India, Saad Bhamla do something rewarding for his grandparents. The problem was, his grandparents suffered from age-related hearing loss and desperately needed hearing aids. Saad’s heart sank when he discovered that the prices were shockingly high and far beyond his means.
Determined to find a solution, he devoted himself to his studies and research. Now, 15 years later, the professor has invented a device to help the old across the globe: A cheap hearing aid. The practical device, described in a new study, could help restore hearing to millions suffering from age-related hearing loss for less than the price of a bottle of water.
The device is the size of a matchbox and can be worn like a necklace. At bulk (批量) rates, Bhamla says, it would cost just under $1 to make.
In low and middle-income countries, only 3% of people with age-related hearing loss wear hearing aids, and in countries like the United States, the adoption rate hovers (徘徊) at about 20%, according to Bhamla. Aside from concerns about cost, Bhamla says, “a lot of people don’t realize they have hearing loss and then there is the social prejudice of wearing the aid. Those with the aids would be looked down upon.”
Bhamla added “If these cost-effective devices were put into use, they could benefit many people. In theory, if hearing problems are alleviated (缓解), people’s cognitive pathways will be changed, the risk of Alzheimer’s disease reduced.”
Bhamla wants biomedical devices to be as cheap and accessible as consumer electronics. He still remembers the experience of learning that he couldn’t afford to help his grandparents. “I thought owning a laptop and a cellphone meant I had the means to purchase hearing aids, but then I realized how expensive they were,” he recalls. “So I understood the world more clearly.”
4. What does the underlined word “restore” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Damage. B. Recover. C. Repeat. D. Remember.
5. Which is NOT the reason for a low percentage of hearing aids adoption around the world
A. Some people are unaware of their hearing loss. B. Some people are concerned about the high price.
C. Some people take no notice of social prejudice. D. Some people are afraid of being looked down upon.
6. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Bhamla wants to make a lot of money from his invention.
B. Bhamla wants to make hearing aids affordable for people.
C. Bhamla was unwilling to buy hearing aids for his grandparents.
D. Bhamla started to understand the meaning of owning hearing aids.
7. What kind of person is Saad Bhamla
A. Persistent and creative. B. Stubbor n and proud.
C. Independent and easy-going. D. Intelligent and honest.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了印度孟买的一名教授Saad Bhamla花费15年时间发明了一种廉价的助听器，帮助数百万因年龄而听力受损的人恢复听力。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“The problem was, his grandparents suffered from age-related hearing loss and desperately needed hearing aids. Saad’s heart sank when he discovered that the prices were shockingly high and far beyond his means.(问题是，他的祖父母患有与年龄有关的听力损失，迫切需要助听器。当萨阿德发现价格高得惊人，远远超出他的承受能力时，他的心一沉)”和划线词上文“The practical device, described in a new study, could help”以及后文“hearing to millions suffering from age-related hearing loss for less than the price of a bottle of water”可知，这位教授的祖父母听力损失，需要助听器，但是价格很高，于是教授发明了这种设备，来帮助数百万因年龄而听力受损的人恢复听力，而价格还不到一瓶水的价格。故划线词意思是“恢复”。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Aside from concerns about cost, Bhamla says, “a lot of people don’t realize they have hearing loss and then there is the social prejudice of wearing the aid. Those with the aids would be looked down upon.”(除了对成本的担忧，巴姆拉说：“很多人没有意识到他们有听力损失，而且佩戴助听器还有社会偏见。那些有助听器的人会被瞧不起的。”)”可知，高昂的价格、有些人没意识到自己的听力问题、社会偏见是助听器使用率低的原因。C项“有些人不注意社会偏见”不是全球助听器使用率低的原因。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Bhamla wants biomedical devices to be as cheap and accessible as consumer electronics. He still remembers the experience of learning that he couldn’t afford to help his grandparents. “I thought owning a laptop and a cellphone meant I had the means to purchase hearing aids, but then I realized how expensive they were,” he recalls. “So I understood the world more clearly.”(Bhamla希望生物医学设备能像消费电子产品一样便宜和容易获得。他仍然记得得知自己负担不起帮助祖父母的经历。“我以为拥有一台笔记本电脑和一部手机就意味着我有能力购买助听器，但后来我意识到它们有多贵，”他回忆道。“所以我更清楚地了解了这个世界。”)”可知，Bhamla希望让人们能够负担得起助听器。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Determined to find a solution, he devoted himself to his studies and research. Now, 15 years later, the professor has invented a device to help the old across the globe: A cheap hearing aid.(为了找到解决办法，他全身心地投入到学习和研究中。15年后的今天，这位教授发明了一种帮助全球老年人的设备：一种廉价的助听器)”可知，Saad Bhamla为了解决助听器太贵的问题，全身心地投入到学习和研究中，最后发明出了便宜的助听器，说明他是一个有毅力，有创造力的人。故选A。
C
Researchers have extensively explored whether time of day affects exercise benefits and performance. Although morning workouts may be the greatest for circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), afternoon exercise tends to be slightly more efficient. Overall, given the benefits of exercise, the best time to work out for most people is whenever they can fit it into their schedules.
A key part of starting to exercise is choosing when to work out. Morning, afternoon, or evening: Which time is best Scientists have studied this dilemma extensively.
For fresh exercisers, morning workouts are often the most terrible. Trading a cozy bed for an unforgiving fitness center can be a rude awakening to say the least. But morning workouts have their advantages. Challenging the body produces endorphins (内啡肽), uplifting one’s mood following effort. These chemicals, along with a few others, boost energy levels, alertness, and focus, which can make you more productive and attentive at work.
But early exercisers may not be able to achieve peak performance. Stronger muscles, fewer stored energy reserves from overnight fasting (夜间禁食), and a slightly cooler body temperature in the morning add up to influence exercise output. Therefore, more anxious exercisers might prefer working out in the afternoon.
Exercise itself may also be more efficient in the afternoon. For example, in one study, young men instructed to cycle to exhaustion at a set difficulty were able to ride 20% longer in the afternoon compared to the morning. A review of studies also found that muscle strength, muscle power, and running abilities all peaked in the afternoon, topping morning performance by anywhere from 3% to 20%.
Finally, some folks may decide to work out later in the evening. Studies centered around this time of day tend to focus on whether or not nightly exercise negatively impacts sleep quality. Gathered research suggests it does not and, instead, actually improves sleep.
So, taking everything into account, when is the best time to exercise There actually is a straightforward answer! If you’re not about to go to sleep, if you’ve got some free time on your hands, and if you haven’t already exercised today, the best time to exercise is now.
8. When is the best time for people to exercise according to the research
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon.
C. In the evening. D. Whenever they are available.
9. Which of the following is not the advantage of morning exercise
A. Improving one’s mood following effort.
B. Producing more chemicals in the body.
C. Increasing energy level, alertness and focus.
D. Making you more efficient and concentrated at work.
10. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Exercise efficiency increases in the morning.
B. Nightly exercise seriously influences sleep quality.
C. More anxious exercisers prefer exercising in the afternoon.
D. Afternoon exercise might have an advantage over morning exercise.
11. What is a suitable title for the text
A. What can exercise bring to us B. Are you ready to exercise now
C. When is the best time to exercise D. How can you choose the best time to exercise
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要以“什么时间是最佳锻炼时间”为话题进行了讨论，作者分析了早晨锻炼，下午锻炼和晚间锻炼分别带来的好处，最后总结，其实并没有什么标准答案。如果你不打算睡觉，如果你有一些空闲时间，如果你今天还没有锻炼，那么现在就是锻炼的最佳时间。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Overall, given the benefits of exercise, the best time to work out for most people is whenever they can fit it into their schedules.(总的来说，考虑到锻炼的好处，对大多数人来说，锻炼的最佳时间是他们能将其纳入自己的时间表的时候)”可知，对于大多数人来说，当他们可以将锻炼这一件事情安排到自己的时间表的时候，就是最佳时间，即有空锻炼的时候就是最佳时间。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“But morning workouts have their advantages. Challenging the body produces endorphins, uplifting one’s mood following effort. These chemicals, along with a few others, boost energy levels, alertness, and focus, which can make you more productive and attentive at work.(但是晨练也有它的好处。挑战身体会产生内啡肽，使人在努力后心情振奋。这些化学物质和其他一些物质一起，可以提高能量水平、警觉性和注意力，让你在工作中更有效率、更专注)”可知，晨练的好处是可以使身体产生内啡肽，心情振奋，与身体内其他物质一起提高能量水平，警觉性和注意力，从而工作起来更有效率，更专注。选项B“Producing more chemicals in the body.(在体内产生更多的化学物质)”并未在好处中提及。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段内容“Exercise itself may also be more efficient in the afternoon.(锻炼本身在下午也可能更有效)”以及“A review of studies also found that muscle strength, muscle power, and running abilities all peaked in the afternoon, topping morning performance by anywhere from 3% to 20%.(一项研究综述还发现，肌肉力量、体力和跑步能力都在下午达到顶峰，比早上的表现高出3%到20%)”可知，下午锻炼的效果可能更好，肌肉力量，体力以及跑步能力都能在下午达到顶峰，比早上表现得好。由此推知，下午锻炼可能比早晨锻炼有好处。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通过阅读文章内容可知，文章第二段内容“A key part of starting to exercise is choosing when to work out. Morning, afternoon, or evening: Which time is best (开始锻炼的一个关键部分是选择什么时候锻炼。早上、下午还是晚上：哪个时间最好？)”提出了文章的核心话题，即最佳锻炼时间是什么时候，并在后文对各个时间段锻炼进行了效果分析。由此可知，选项C“When is the best time to exercise (什么时候是锻炼的最佳时间？)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C项。
D
For the first time, researchers have successfully transplanted genetically modified (基因改良的) pig hearts into two dead humans who were on life support. The recipients (接受者), whose families donated their bodies for the procedures, had been declared brain-dead.
The two surgeries took place at NYU Langone Health’s Tisch Hospital in New York City. The first recipient was Larry Kelly, a 73-year-old man who had had two open-heart surgeries before. Information on the second recipient hasn’t yet been shared. After the transplants, the two recipients were observed for 72 hours. There were no signs of rejection (排斥) and the hearts functioned normally.
Xenotransplantation offers a possible solution to the shortage of donor organs. In the US alone, more than 105,000 people are waiting for an organ transplant, and 17 die each day. But a major concern with using animal organs is transplant rejection — when the immune system attacks the organ, eventually causing it to fail.
To avoid this, Nader Moazami at NYU Langone Health and his colleagues used hearts from pigs with 10 genetic modifications. Four turned off genes known to increase the risk of transplant rejection and abnormal organ growth. The other six were inserted human genes that reduce incompatibilities (不相容性) between biological pathways in pigs and humans. Infection with animal viruses is another possible risk. While the virus can’t infect human cells, it did infect the transplanted organ, potentially contributing to his death.
For the two recent transplants, Montgomery at New York University Langone Health said they used specialized procedures that can detect low levels of the virus and screen for other pig diseases.
“It was one of the most amazing things to see a pig heart beating inside the chest of a human being. It is a great honor to witness that in my lifetime,” said Montgomery. “This is a completely new field.”
12. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A. The methods of observation. B. The function of the two surgeries.
C. The basic information about the two surgeries. D. The personal information of the two recipients.
13. Why did the author list these figures in paragraph 3
A. To reflect the shortage of donor organs.
B. To introduce the idea of transplant rejection.
C. To stress the potential importance of Xenotransplantation.
D. To show concern for people waiting for an organ transplant.
14. What did the study led by Moazami focus on
A. Ways to deal with abnormal organ growth.
B. Incompatibilities between pigs and humans.
C. Specialized process detecting levels of viruses.
D. Genetic modifications to reduce transplant rejection.
15. What is Montgomery’s attitude toward their studies
A. Unclear. B. Neutral. C. Doubtful. D. Optimistic.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了异种移植已经成功的应用到人类身上，科学家们正在想办法减少移植排斥反应。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The two surgeries took place at NYU Langone Health’s Tisch Hospital in New York City. (这两次手术都是在纽约大学Langone Health’s Tisch 医院进行的。)”和全段内容可知，文章第二段主要讲的是两次手术的基本信息。故选C项。
13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Xenotransplantation offers a possible solution to the shortage of donor organs. In the US alone, more than 105,000 people are waiting for an organ transplant, and 17 die each day.( 异种移植为供体器官短缺提供了一个可能的解决方案。仅在美国，就有超过10.5万人在等待器官移植，每天有17人死亡。)”可知，作者在第3段列出这些数字是为了强调异种移植的潜在重要性。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But a major concern with using animal organs is transplant rejection — when the immune system attacks the organ, eventually causing it to fail. (但是使用动物器官的一个主要问题是移植排斥反应——当免疫系统攻击器官时，最终导致器官衰竭。)”第四段中“To avoid this, Nader Moazami at NYU Langone Health and his colleagues used hearts from pigs with 10 genetic modifications. (为了避免这种情况，纽约大学Langone 健康中心的Nader Moazami和他的同事使用了经过10个基因修改的猪心脏。)”可知， Moazami领导的这项研究关注的是基因修改减少移植排斥反应。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘It was one of the most amazing things to see a pig heart beating inside the chest of a human being. It is a great honor to witness that in my lifetime,’ said Montgomery. ‘This is a completely new field.’(Montgomery说：‘看到一个人的心脏在胸腔里跳动是最神奇的事情之一。能在我的有生之年见证这一切是我的荣幸。这是一个全新的领域。’)”可知， Montgomery对他们的研究的态度是乐观的。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Beyond Burnout
The world is seriously stressed out. We all get busy sometimes, but feeling constantly worried and overwhelmed can lead to burnout, which can have serious results.____16____.
Look for meaning at work
We can tolerate stress longer if we believe we’re doing something purposeful and worthwhile. We’re more likely to experience more stress when something seems out of our control, against our will or totally meaningless. Take stock of (仔细审视) what’s on your plate. ____17____.
____18____
Ignoring (忽视) your diet or eating fast foods or comfort foods can become a way of dealing with stress, but it will reduce nutrients necessary to bring energy. Many individuals are less active when under stress. ____19____. While you don’t have to run away from a mountain lion these days, even light movement helps “complete” the stress cycle.
Recognize when it has become too much
It’s very common for superiors to continue to increase tasks over time. If we don’t communicate our needs or limitations, they may be ignored. ____20____. For nurse Wendy Reynolds, director of a hospital intensive care unit, stress had always been part of the job. She solved her burnout problem by starting a different role where she can manage her work-life balance while still having a satisfying career.
If you do feel burnt out, therapy can help you process work-related stress and learn coping strategies, and it can teach you to communicate with your employer and set healthy boundaries.
A. Have a health y diet
B. Don’t ignore yourself
C. This is particularly true in the hospital
D. But movement is the most natural response to our body’s stress
E. If you don’t expect things will improve, consider changing jobs or even careers
F. If you can, cut one or two of those things that don’t personally give you meaning
G. Before situation gets worse, there are several steps you can take to prevent burnout
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. B 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个步骤来缓解压力防止过度疲劳。
【16题详解】
上文“We all get busy sometimes, but feeling constantly worried and overwhelmed can lead to burnout, which can have serious results. (我们有时都会很忙，但持续的担忧和不堪重负会导致过度疲劳，这可能会产生严重的后果。)”说明压力会导致过度疲劳，选项G“在情况变得更糟之前，你可以采取几个步骤来防止过度疲劳”承接上文，引出文章主题“对防止过度疲劳给予一些建议”。故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文“We can tolerate stress longer if we believe we’re doing something purposeful and worthwhile. We’re more likely to experience more stress when something seems out of our control, against our will or totally meaningless. Take stock of (仔细审视) what’s on your plate. (如果我们相信自己在做有目的、有价值的事情，我们就能更长久地忍受压力。当一些事情似乎超出我们的控制，违背我们的意愿或完全没有意义时，我们更有可能感受到更多的压力。盘点一下你盘子里的都有什么。)”说明要选择有意义的事情去做，盘点一下自己眼前都有什么事情，选项F“如果可以的话，删去一两个对你个人来说没有意义的事情”承接上文，建议把没有意义的事情删去。故选F项。
【18题详解】
下文“Ignoring (忽视) your diet or eating fast foods or comfort foods can become a way of dealing with stress, but it will reduce nutrients necessary to bring energy. (忽略你的饮食，吃快餐或安慰食品可以成为应对压力的一种方式，但它会减少提供能量所必需的营养。)”和“While you don’t have to run away from a mountain lion these days, even light movement helps ‘complete’ the stress cycle. (虽然现在你不必从美洲狮面前逃跑，即使是轻微的运动也有助于‘完成’压力循环。)”说明不能忽视自己，要重视自己的饮食和锻炼，选项B“不要忽视自己”概括本段主题，适合做小标题。故选B项。
【19题详解】
上文“Many individuals are less active when under stress. (许多人在压力下不太积极。)”说明压力造成不积极，选项D“但是运动是对我们身体压力的最自然的反应”转折上文语义，建议进行运动来应对压力，下文“While you don’t have to run away from a mountain lion these days, even light movement helps ‘complete’ the stress cycle. (虽然现在你不必从美洲狮面前逃跑，即使是轻微的运动也有助于‘完成’压力循环。)”进一步说明，即便轻微的运动都是有益的。选项中movement和下文中词汇重叠，语义一致，故选D项。
【20题详解】
上文“It’s very common for superiors to continue to increase tasks over time. If we don’t communicate our needs or limitations, they may be ignored. (随着时间的推移，上司不断增加任务是很常见的。如果我们不沟通我们的需要或限制，它们可能会被忽视。)”说明工作压力越来越大，我们的需求和限制有可能被忽视，选项E“如果你预料情况不会好转，那就考虑换工作，甚至换职业”承接上文，建议在不会好转的情况下考虑换工作。下文“She solved her burnout problem by starting a different role where she can manage her work-life balance while still having a satisfying career. (她通过开始一个不同的角色来解决自己的倦怠问题，在这个角色中，她可以管理自己的工作与生活平衡，同时仍然有一个令人满意的职业。)”举例说明她改换不同的角色解决了问题，和选项语义一致。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Peterson Simon and his wife Li Jing have traveled across the globe by the back paths, providing their sons Jimmy and Tommy a(n) ____21____ environment for personal growth.
This East-meets-West couple started ____22____ while their younger son was still a baby in 2003. Most of their trips are far from the hot ____23____ recommended by travel guidebooks. “Real travel may be hard, uncertain, ____24____, but there’s a feel-good factor when you pass a test of some kind,” Simon wrote in the family’s newly published travel memoir (回忆录) Pages of Discovery.
Simon attaches great importance to ____25____ out of the classroom, saying that children might score well on school tests, ____26____ that experience of the world outside, with different languages, political structures, and religious beliefs, is the real ____27____ ground.
Children in this international family did not have the ____28____ to perform on school tests, but they had “____29____” on the road. Li asked her sons to write travel diaries, collect tickets, _____30_____ maps and summarize travel tips. She says such habits, though they might not _____31_____ improve test scores, will benefit them in later life.
These experiences certainly shaped their sons’ characters and _____32_____ their chosen study at university. One _____33_____ world history, the other international relations. The two brothers also share a(n) _____34_____ in historical monuments, and the Great Wall in particular. They are now planning to follow in their father’s footsteps with a new 4,500-km hike on the Great Wall.
“My parents view the world as a big _____35_____, and my brother and I are the biggest beneficiaries (受益人),” Jimmy says.
21. A. good B. unique C. normal D. equal
22. A. hiking B. working C. suffering D. traveling
23. A. parks B. spots C. mountains D. cities
24. A. challenging B. simple C. negative D. pleasant
25. A. performing B. reading C. learning D. exercising
26. A. and B. so C. but D. or
27 A. testing B. studying C. playing D. sleeping
28. A. problems B. potential C. reason D. pressure
29. A. homework B. option C. joy D. adventure
30. A. admire B. draw C. find D. ignore
31. A. slowly B. usually C. continuously D. directly
32. A. damaged B. updated C. influenced D. changed
33. A. takes up B. makes up C. passes down D. takes in
34. A. activity B. interest C. lecture D. band
35. A. village B. forum C. classroom D. family
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对东西方结合的夫妇带着两个孩子在世界各地旅行，走过各地的小路，让他们在真正的旅行中接受考验，做各种任务，为他们提供了独特的个人成长环境，这些经历塑造了两个孩子的性格，影响了他们的专业选择和兴趣爱好，让他们受益匪浅。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：彼得森·西蒙和他的妻子李静走过世界各地的乡间小路，为他们的儿子吉米和汤米提供了一个独特的个人成长环境。A. good好的；B. unique独特的；C. normal正常的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“Peterson Simon and his wife Li Jing have traveled across the globe by the back path”可知，夫妻两人在世界各地旅行，由此推知，他们的孩子和其他孩子不同，个人成长环境是独特的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2003年，当他们的小儿子还是个婴儿时，这对东西方结合的夫妇就开始旅行了。A. hiking徒步；B. working工作；C. suffering遭受；D. traveling旅行。根据下文“Most of their trips”可知，夫妻两人是在小儿子还很小的时候就开始旅行了。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的大部分旅行都远离旅游指南上推荐的热门景点。A. parks公园；B. spots地点；C. mountains山脉；D. cities城市。根据上文“Peterson Simon and his wife Li Jing have traveled across the globe by the back paths”可知，夫妻两人走过世界各地的乡间小路，因此旅行的地方并非旅游指南上推荐的热门景点，固定表达hot spot意为“热门景点”。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“真正的旅行可能是艰难的、不确定的、充满挑战的，但当你通过某种测试时，会有一种感觉良好的因素，”西蒙在他们家新出版的旅行回忆录《发现之页》中写道。A. challenging具有挑战性的；B. simple简单的；C. negative消极的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。根据上文“Real travel may be hard, uncertain”可推知，challenging“具有挑战性的”符合语境，与空前的hard“艰难的”和uncertain“不确定的”并列。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：西蒙非常重视课堂外的学习，他说孩子们可能在学校考试中取得好成绩，但在外面的世界的经历，包含着不同的语言、政治结构和宗教信仰，才是真正的试验场。A. performing表演；B. reading阅读；C. learning学习；D. exercising锻炼。根据下文“out of the classroom”以及夫妻两人让孩子在旅行的过程中体验更为广大的世界，做各种任务可推知，西蒙非常重视的是课堂外的学习。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：西蒙非常重视课堂外的学习，他说孩子们可能在学校考试中取得好成绩，但在外面的世界的经历，包含着不同的语言、政治结构和宗教信仰，才是真正的试验场。A. and并且；B. so所以；C. but但是；D. or或者。根据上文“children might score well on school tests”和下文“experience of the world outside, with different languages, political structures, and religious beliefs, is the real ____7____ ground”可推知，此处语义有转折，突出在外面的世界的经历的重要性，应用but连接上下文。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：西蒙非常重视课堂外的学习，他说孩子们可能在学校考试中取得好成绩，但在外面的世界的经历，包含着不同的语言、政治结构和宗教信仰，才是真正的试验场。A. testing测试；B. studying学习；C. playing玩耍；D. sleeping睡觉。根据上文“there’s a feel-good factor when you pass a test of some kind”可知，西蒙认为真正的旅行能够测试人，再结合上文“children might score well on school tests”可推知，此处是把课堂外的经历和课堂内的测试作比较，说明前者才是真正的对孩子的试验场，固定表达testing ground意为“试验场”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个国际家庭的孩子没有在学校考试中表现的压力，但他们在路上有“家庭作业”。A. problems问题；B. potential潜力；C. reason原因；D. pressure压力。根据夫妻两人带着孩子在世界各地旅行的情境可推知，两个孩子不必承受在学校考试中好好表现的压力。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个国际家庭的孩子没有在学校考试中表现的压力，但他们在路上有“家庭作业”。A. homework家庭作业；B. option选择；C. joy喜悦；D. adventure冒险。根据下文“Li asked her sons to write travel diaries, collect tickets, ____10____ maps and summarize travel tips.”可知，母亲李静会让孩子在旅行中做各种任务，因此他们在路上有“家庭作业”。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：李静让她的儿子们写旅行日记，收集车票，画地图，总结旅行小贴士。A. admire钦佩；B. draw画；C. find找到；D. ignore忽视。根据上文“write travel diaries, collect tickets”和下文“summarize travel tips”可知，母亲李静布置的任务都是在一段旅行结束后进行归纳和总结，因此是画旅行地的地图。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她说，这样的习惯虽然不能直接提高考试成绩，但会让他们在以后的生活中受益。A. slowly慢慢地；B. usually通常地；C. continuously连续地；D. directly直接地。根据表示让步关系的“though”以及下文“improve test scores”和“will benefit them in later life”可推知，此处是描述这样的习惯的长远作用，虽然不能直接提高考试成绩，但是对以后的生活有益。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些经历无疑塑造了他们儿子的性格，并影响了他们在大学选择的学习。A. damaged损坏；B. updated更新；C. influenced影响；D. changed改变。根据下文“One ____13____ world history, the other international relations.”可推知，这些经历是影响了两个孩子大学专业学习的选择。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个研究世界历史，另一个研究国际关系。A. takes up开始从事；B. makes up弥补；C. passes down传递；D. takes in理解。根据上文“their chosen study at university”和下文“world history”和“international relations”可推知，在大学阶段，两个孩子是分别开始从事这两种专业的学习。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两兄弟还对历史遗迹，尤其是长城很感兴趣。A. activity活动；B. interest兴趣；C. lecture讲座；D. band乐队。根据下文“They are now planning to follow in their father’s footsteps with a new 4,500-km hike on the Great Wall.”可知，两人计划追随父亲的脚步，在长城上进行徒步旅行，因此是对这方面感兴趣。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉米说：“我的父母把世界看作一个大教室，我和哥哥是最大的受益者。”A. village村庄；B. forum论坛；C. classroom教室；D. family家庭。根据上文叙述的夫妻两人带着两个孩子在世界各地旅行，让他们在真正的旅行中接受考验，做各种任务可推知，吉米认为父母是把世界看作一个大教室，让他们学习更广泛的东西。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In fact, the film that you see on the screen is the product of a large quantity of hard work, most of ___36___ take s place behind the scenes. To start with, I’d like to draw ___37___ (you) attention to an important factor of a film--sound effects. For example, in Jurassic Park, the sounds of different animals, a baby elephant and a tiger ___38___ (include), were mixed by a computer to make a dinosaur roar. Another aspect that I attach great importance to is visual special effects. CGI has been ___39___ (frequent) used in film making as a special effects technology. In general, scenes ___40___ (require) CGI are filmed in front of a green screen in the studio. Because green doesn’t match any natural hair or skin colour, actors can be easily separated from the background. Props also contribute ___41___ a film’s success. To make a film look real, great efforts must sometimes ___42___ (make) to research, find and build objects. Director James Cameron spent six months looking at and revising plans of the Titanic in order to build ___43___ full sized model for his 1997 film. Just as the poor passengers on the real Titanic saw the tip of the iceberg, ___44___ we see on the cinema screen is just the tip of the huge iceberg of film-making
Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, all those talented people behind the scenes will come to your mind. They ___45___ (work) for months and even years so that you can have two hours of enjoyment!
【答案】36. which
37. your 38. included
39. frequently
40. requiring
41 to 42. be made
43. a 44. what
45. have worked
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了电影制作的过程和背后的辛苦工作。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：事实上，你在屏幕上看到的电影是大量艰苦工作的产物，其中大部分都发生在幕后。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 hard work。先行词指物，在定语从句中作介词的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：首先，我想提请大家注意电影的一个重要因素——音效。空处需要形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词attention作定语。故填your。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：例如，在《侏罗纪公园》中，不同动物的声音，包括小象和老虎的声音，被电脑混合在一起，发出恐龙的咆哮声。included为过去分词形式的形容词，意为“包括在内的”，时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后，起着补充说明的作用。故填included。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：CGI作为一种特效技术经常被用于电影制作。空处需要副词修饰后面的动词作状语。故填frequently。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通常，需要CGI的场景都是在工作室的绿色屏幕前拍摄的。分析句子结构可知，空处需要非谓语动词作定语，修饰前面的名词scenes。该动词和修饰的名词之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填requiring。
【41题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：道具也有助于电影的成功。contribute to“有助于”，为固定短语。故填to。
【42题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：为了使一部电影看起来真实，有时必须付出巨大的努力来研究、寻找和构建物体。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。该动词和主语之间为被动关系，所以需要被动语态。根据空前的must可知，本句话考查含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构为“情态动词+be done”。故填be made。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：导演詹姆斯·卡梅隆花了六个月的时间研究和修改泰坦尼克号的计划，为他1997年的电影制作了一个全尺寸的模型。model“模型”，为可数名词。此处指“制作了一个全尺寸的模型”，空处需要不定冠词表示泛指。空后为辅音音素开始的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：正如真正的泰坦尼克号上可怜的乘客看到了冰山一角，我们在电影院屏幕上看到的只是电影制作的巨大冰山一角。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句。主语从句中缺少宾语，表示“在电影中看到的东西”，所以用what引导主语从句。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意：他们已经工作了几个月甚至几年，所以你可以有两个小时的享受！分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“for months and even years”可知，句子用现在完成时态，主语为复数。故填have worked。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Chris就如何交友感到困惑，向你求助，请你给他回信。内容包括：
1.你对友谊的理解；
2.你的建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I hope this letter finds you well.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Chris,
I hope this letter finds you well. As we all know, a life without a friend is a life without a sun. Because friendships improve our lives, it’s important to cultivate them.
Firstly, in order to enhance your confidence, you should often go out and actively communicate with others. As the song goes, “The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.” Secondly, you should uses all resources to make friends. Last but not least, you should be slow to choose friends, and slower to change friends.
I hope my tips are helpful to you.
Yours truly
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Chris回信，就如何交友谈一谈自己对友谊的理解并给予建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→vital
积极地：actively→positively
选择：choose→select
建议：tip→suggestion
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：Because friendships improve our lives, it’s important to cultivate them.
拓展句：Because friendships improve our lives, cultivating them is important.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As we all know, a life without a friend is a life without a sun. (运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】in order to enhance your confidence, you should often go out and actively communicate with others. (运用了非谓语动词不定式作目的状语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sharing Christmas With Strangers
I come from a large multicultural family, spread out across the globe, but we’re a tight-knit family that makes an effort to stay close. Christmas has always been a chance for us all to come together, no matter where in the world we might be.
My aunt Samantha loved Christmas and always went out of her way to make it cosy and magical for everyone around her. She was kind, fun and full of energy so it wasn’t hard to get into the Christmas spirit when she was around.
December 2022 was no exception. Samantha drove three hours from her house in Bournemouth to visit everyone two weeks before the 25th and to drop off presents to her friends still in the area. We chatted about our plans, laughed at how organised Samantha was (presents already bought and wrapped and the freezer full ahead of the big day) and kissed goodbye when it was time to leave.
So when on the evening of December 18, just seven days before Christmas Day, Samantha’s son called to tell us Samantha had passed away suddenly at home, none of us could quite believe it. I’d only been messaging her the day before, sharing voice notes like we always liked to do. Samantha had a blood clot (凝块) that had unfortunately travelled to her lung and despite the medical workers’ best efforts, they were unable to save my beloved, fun, wonderful aunt.
So close to Christmas, none of us felt like celebrating and we decided we’d have a quiet day at home, surrounded by family. That was until my sister-in-law, Vera, told us about some colleagues of hers who’d just arrived in the UK. These four young women from mainland China had just arrived in the country far away from friends and family, eager to experience a proper English Christmas but unaware that they’d have to spend the next two days alone while the rest of the country got together and celebrated.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
We knew we couldn’t leave them to spend the day by themselves
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It didn’t ease the pain of Samantha’s absence but connecting with strangers helped us get through the day.
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【答案】范文
We knew we couldn’t leave them to spend the day by themselves. More importantly, we knew that Samantha would have wanted us to throw open our doors and give them a Christmas to remember. At the last minute, we dashed around shops, adding to the trolly presents for them to open. When the day finally came, we welcomed them into the house with open arms and tried to put our pain aside. We opened presents together around the tree, ate a full Christmas dinner, played games, pulled crackers, and ate Christmas cake.
It didn’t ease the pain of Samantha’s absence but connecting with strangers helped us get through the day. It turned out to be the very thing we all needed. The first Christmas without Samantha was difficult but it was also the first time where Christmas took on a deeper, more special meaning. Thanks to Samantha, we realized that the best feeling didn’t come from material thing but from being together and showing one another love. By opening our doors to strangers who have now become friends, we experienced that love when we needed it most.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的姨妈Samantha喜欢圣诞节，但是却在圣诞节前7天不幸去世，本来作者一家想在家里安静地过一天，却得知嫂子Vera的一些同事刚到英国，于是作者为了不让四位来自中国大陆的年轻女性独自度过圣诞节，选择和他们一起过节，并以此来纪念姨妈Samantha。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们知道我们不能让他们独自度过这一天”可知，第一段可描写作者一家为了和嫂子的同事过节所做的一些准备工作以及他们一起过节的场景。
②由第二段首句内容“这并没有减轻Samantha离开的痛苦，但与陌生人的联系帮助我们度过了这一天”可知，第二段可描写作者对这次圣诞节的一些感悟。
2.续写线索：决心和陌生人一起过节——进行过节采购——客人到来——一起过节——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①尝试：try to/attempt to
②记得：remember/keep in mind
③意识到：realize/be aware of
情绪类
①困难：difficult/tough
②爱：love/ passion/affection
【点睛】[高分句型1] When the day finally came, we welcomed them into the house with open arms and tried to put our pain aside. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] By opening our doors to strangers who have now become friends, we experienced that love when we needed it most. (运用了who引导定语从句)
