Unit 2 Iconic Attractions Discovering Useful Structures——高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册课堂速测
一、重点词汇
frog n.蛙; 青蛙
arrow n. _____________
entitle v. _____________
getaway n.适合度假的地方
dive v. & n. _____________
kayaking n.划皮艇
freedom n. _____________
domain n. _____________
sponsor v. _____________ n.( 法案等的) 倡议者;赞助者
liberty n.自由
golf n.高尔夫球运动
strait n. _____________
sample n.样本;样品
monument n.纪念碑( 或馆、堂、像等 ) ; 历史遗迹
kiwi n.几维(新西兰鸟)
geyser n.间歇泉
二、重点短语
be native to _____________
vast land 广阔的陆地
peak season 高峰季节
spiritual world 精神世界
be convinced that... _____________
say goodbye to _____________
make up _____________
play a part in _____________
either...or... _____________
personally speaking 就我个人而言
an attitude towards 对……的态度
feel at home 感到宾至如归
agree with 同意
三、重点句型
1. Thailand is a premier holiday destination, attracting tourists from all over the world. (现在分词作结果状语)
2. It's almost time for me to say goodbye to Australia. (It is/was time (for sb.) to do sth.)
3. It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas. (It is said that...)
四、重点语法
1.过去分词作定语
(1) 过去分词作定语时,相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。分词所表示的动作与其所修饰的名词构成被动关系。单个的过去分词作定语时，常置于其所修饰的名词前;而过去分词短语作定语时，常置于其所修饰的名词后。
We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.
= We must adapt our thinking to the conditions that changed.
我们必须调整思路来适应改变了的情况。
(2)用法
①过去分词修饰something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody等不定代词以及指示代词those等时,要放在这些词的后面。
He is one of those invited.
他是那些被邀请的人之一。
②单个的过去分词有时置于名词后作定语,表示强调。
The information gained is very precise.
获取的信息很准确。
③有些过去分词作前置定语与作后置定语时意思不同。
in the given time在既定的时间内
with the words given 用所给的单词
④及物动词的过去分词除表示“完成”的动作之外,还表示“被动”的意义。
fried chips 炸土豆条
不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被动”意义。
boiled water 开水
练习：
一、用适当的词填空
1.Today we have the _____(free) to decide our own futures, which is social progress to the younger generation.
2.The film, _____(base) on the story of this general, attracted people's interest all over the country.
3.We could feel the _____(vibrate) from the trucks passing outside.
4.It is widely known that full-time employees __________(entitle) to receive medical insurance.
5.Beijing is the capital city of China, a combination of ancient and modern China, _________ (attract) tourists from all over the world.
二、翻译句子
6.研究一个国家的历史将会使你的旅行更加愉快。(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________
7.对于一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________
8.经过多次实验，他们成功地制造出了能脱离地球引力的火箭。(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________
9.Henry在大街上走着，手里拿着一张银行支票。(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________
10.这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的渴望却从未泯灭。(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：freedom
解析：考查名词。句意:今天，我们拥有决定自己前景的自由，这对年轻一代来说是社会进步。设空处作have的宾语，由空格前面的定冠词the可以判断此处用名词freedom。
2.答案：based
解析：考查过去分词。句意:这部电影是以这位将军的故事为基础的，它引起了全国人民的关注。be based on以……为基础,此处过去分词短语作后置定语修饰The film。
3.答案：vibration(s)
解析：考查名词。句意:我们可以感觉到外面卡车经过时的颤动。设空处作feel的宾语且结合设空处前的the可知此处应填名词，vibration既是可数名词又是不可数名词，故填 vibration(s)
4.答案：are entitled
解析：考查时态和语态。句意:众所周知,全职雇员有权获得医疗保险。此处描述一般情况,应用一般现在时。entitle sb. to do sth.意为"使某人享有做某事的权利",此处为其被动形式。
5.答案：attracting
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:北京是中国的首都,是古今中国的结合,吸引着来自世界各地的游客。attract 与主语Beijing之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用动词-ing形式作状语。
二、
6.答案：Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable.
解析：考查时态、非谓语动词和形容词比较级。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是将要发生的事，应用一般将来时，“study”意为“研究”，动词词性，“the history of the country”表示“一个国家的历史”，句中应用动名词作主语，“Studying the history of the country”表示“研究一个国家的历史”，句首单词首字母大写，“will make”表示“将会使”，作谓语，“your visit”表示“你的旅行”，作宾语，“enjoyable”意为“愉快的”，形容词词性，“much more enjoyable”表示“更加愉快”，作宾语补足语，“will make your visit much more enjoyable”表示“将会使你的旅行更加愉快”。故翻译为Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable.
7.答案：To a person, nothing is more precious than their life.
解析：考查固定句型。结合句意表示“对于一个人来说”翻译为to a person；否定词+比较级相当于最高级含义，表示“没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵”翻译为nothing is more precious than their life,句子用一般现在时。故翻译为To a person, nothing is more precious than their life.
8.答案：After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.
解析：succeed in doing sth：成功做某事。先行词是rockets，在定语从句中做主语，因此使用关系代词that引导定语从句。结合句意，使用一般过去时。故填：After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth's gravity.
9.答案：Henry is walking along the street holding a bank note in his hand.
解析：考查时态，短语及非谓语动词。根据句意，表示“Henry在大街上走着”，应用现在进行时，故用Henry is walking along the street；表示“拿着一张银行支票”用holding a bank note,主语Henry与hold a bank note是主谓关系，故用现在分词holding,作状语。表示“在手里”用介词短语in his hand,故答案为Henry is walking along the street holding a bank note in his hand.
10.答案：These disaster made everyone sad and disappointed, but the desire to explore the universe never died.
解析：考查固定短语和时态。此处主语为these disaster；表示“让每个人都感到悲伤和失望”翻译为make everyone sad and disappointed；but连接并列句，表示“探索宇宙的渴望”翻译为the desire to explore the universe；表示“从未泯灭”应用never die。句子用一般过去时。故翻译为These disaster made everyone sad and disappointed, but the desire to explore the universe never died.
2Unit 2 Iconic Attractions Reading and Thinking——高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册课堂速测
一、重点词汇
foundation n. ______________
political adj. ______________
located adj.位于
equator n.赤道
barbecue n.户外烧烤;烤架
bakery n.面包( 糕饼)店;面包
joint n.公共场所;关节adj. ______________
butcher n.肉贩; 屠夫; 剑子手
premier adj. ______________ n.总理;首相
herb n.药草;香草;草本
hollow adj. ______________
vibrate v. ______________
horn n.(乐器)号
pitch n.音高
straightforward adj. ______________
slogan n.标语;口号
minister n.部长;大臣;外交使节
二、重点短语
record one's experiences ______________
do some research on ______________
be located in/at/to... ______________
on the globe 在地球上
refer to...as... ______________
prime minister 首相; 总理
iconic sites 标志性的景点
the Sydney Opera House ______________
major in ______________
share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物
one's first impressions of ______________
fast-food joints 快餐店
on the other hand ______________
along with 连同，一起
三、重点句型
1. However, as I major in social studies, I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture, food, and way of life. (as引导的原因状语从句)
2. For example, "Bondi" in "Bondi Beach" is an Aboriginal word meaning "water breaking over rocks". (现在分词作后置定语)
四、重点用法
1. can hardly/can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事
On hearing the news, he couldn't wait to get home, increasing his pace.
听到这个消息，他迫不及待地想回家,加快了脚步。
I bought a new leather coat for my father and I couldn't wait to send it to him.我给爸爸买了一件新皮衣,我迫不及待地想寄给他。
Susan couldn't wait to declare that she would marry Henry, one of the world champions.
苏珊迫不及待地宣布她要嫁给亨利,世界冠军之一。
拓展：
can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事
can't help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事
can't help but do sth.不得不做某事
2. It is/was time (for sb.) to do sth. 是(某人)该做某事的时候了。
(1) It's (high/about) time that sb. did/should do...
到了某人做……的时间了。
It is high time that we said/should say goodbye.
到了我们说再见的时候了。
(2) It/This is the first/second...time that...(从句用现在完成时)
It/This was the first/second…time that...(从句用过去完成时)
这是……第一/二……次……
This is the first time that I have been away from my home for such a long time.
这是我第一次离开家这么长时间。
This was the second time that I had participated in the 100-meter race.
这是我第二次参加 100 米赛跑。
练习：
一、用适当的词填空
1._____(locate) at the mouth of the Mississippi River, this city is famous for its jazz.
2.The government is facing another _____(politics) crisis, so it has to turn to other countries for help.
3.It was not yet known if poor weather conditions played a part _____ the accident.
4.Although the soybean is native _____ China， the country has relied on imports to meet increasing domestic demand.
5.The landmark is one of the most famous tourist _____ (attract) in the UK.
二、根据提示完成句子
6.这位母亲真正担心的是将来她的儿子是否能适应社会。（主语从句）
______________ is whether her son will adapt himself to society in the future.
7.在探索当地市场的同时，我对英国文化有了更深入的了解。（while省略结构）
I had deeper understanding of British culture ______________.
8.据说这次地震不是很严重，但我还是担心那里的人们的安全。 (It is said that...)
______________, but I'm still worried about the safety of people there.
9.不管你想去哪里度假，真正做决定的是你自己。(wherever)
______________, it's truly up to you.
10.我们是时候承担保护环境的责任了。( It's time for sb. to do...)
___________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：Located
解析：考查形容词。句意：这座城市位于密西西比河河口，以爵士乐而闻名。be located at坐落于，位于。此处填形容词Located,构成形容词短语作状语。
2.答案：political
解析：考查形容词。句意:政府正面临另一场政治危机，因此它不得不向其他国家寻求帮助。空格后面的crisis是名词，因此应该用形容词修饰，因此填political。
3.答案：in
解析：考查固定搭配。句意:还不清楚事故是否与恶劣的天气状况有关。play a part in sth. “参与某事”,为固定搭配。
4.答案：to
解析：考查介词。句意:虽然大豆原产于中国,但中国一直依赖进口,以满足日益增长的国内需求。be native to 表示“原产于……”。
5.答案：attractions
解析：考查词形转换。句意:这座地标是英国最著名的旅游景点之一。由空前的 tourist 并结合句意可知,空处应填名词。attraction表示“吸引人之物,有魅力之物”时是可数名词,根据句中的one of 可知,此处应用复数。
二、
6.答案：What really worries the mother
解析：根据句意和提示可知, 此处应用 What 引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语。
7.答案：while exploring the local markets
解析：当主从句主语一致, 且从句谓语中含有 be 动词的某种形式时,从句的主语和 be 动词可以省略。故填while exploring the local markets。
8.答案：It is said that the earthquake is not very serious
解析：根据提示可知,此处应用 It is said that... 句式,表示“据说……”。
9.答案：Wherever you want to go for your holiday
解析：根据提示可知此处用 Wherever 引导让步状语从句,Wherever 在从句中作地点状语。
10.答案：It's time for us to take the responsibility to protect the environment.
解析：根据句意和提示可知,此处应用 It's time for sb. to do... 句式,表示“某人是时候做某事了”。
2Unit 2 Iconic Attractions Reading for Writing——高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册课堂速测
一、重点词汇
distribution n. __________________
pouch n.育儿袋; 小袋子; 荷包
temporary adj. __________________
phase n. __________________
trunk n.树干
licensed adj. __________________
license v. __________________ n.(= licence) 许可证; 执照
session n.一场;一段时间;会议
frequency n.发生率;重复率;( 声波或电磁波振动的 ) 频率
violent adj. __________________
violence n.暴力; 暴行
nest n. __________________
mammal n.哺乳动物
biology n.生理; 生物学
hatch vi.孵出;破壳vt.使孵出;策划; ( 尤指)密谋
capacity n. __________________
fence n.栅栏;围栏
prison n. __________________
grand adj. __________________
二、重点短语
(be) unique to __________________
a symbol of __________________
a flock of 一群(羊或鸟)
geothermal park 地热公园
a handful of __________________
at birth 出生时
encounter with __________________
against the law __________________
interaction with __________________
in the interest of 为了……的利益
public safety 公共安全
pick up __________________
make sure 确保
in a good state __________________
come across __________________
not at all __________________
三、重点句型
1. Kangaroos can hit and kick very hard, so please folks, if you see some kangaroos, remember they're not for petting! (if引导的条件状语从句)
2.My favourite is a little creature called the Tasmanian devil. (过去分词短语作后置定语)
3. They are really quite cute, but the truth is, koalas are very sensitive creatures who can easily panic because of even small changes in their environment. (who引导的定语从句)
四、重点用法
1. with 复合结构
①with+宾语+adj./adv./介词短语（表示状态）
②现在分词（表示主动或进行）
③过去分词（表示被动或完成）
④动词不定式（表示未做）
He often sleeps with the windows open. (形容词作宾补)
他经常开着窗户睡觉。
The teacher walked into the classroom with a book in his hand. (介词短语作宾补)
老师手里拿着一本书走进了教室。
With many unexpected problems emerging, he was like a cat on hot bricks. (现在分词作宾补)
由于出现了许多意想不到的问题,他像一只热锅上的蚂蚁。
With so much homework to do, he won't have time to go shopping. (动词不定式作宾补)
有那么多家庭作业要做,他没有时间去购物。
2. until/till 引导时间状语从句
肯定句 +until/till... 直到……(主中使用延续性谓语动词)
not...until/till... 直到……才……(主句中使用非延续性谓语动词)
We stayed at the spot until the rescue team came.
我们一直待在现场直到救援队来。
We will not leave until we have finished our assignment.
直到完成任务,我们才离开。
拓展：
需使用 until 的两种情况:
强调句: It was not until...that.
倒装: not until置于句首
Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.
巴赫于1750年去世,但是直到19世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被完全认可。
Not until all the fish had died did the farmers realize how serious the pollution was.
直到所有的鱼都死了,农民们才意识到污染的严重性。
练习：
一、用适当的词填空
1.Accidents on that highway are happening with increasing _____(frequent).
2.There are many beautifully _____(decorate) houses in this area.
3.Such _____(fence) are fairly functional, but are unattractive and wasteful of land.
4.The Red Cross organized the _____(distribute) of food and clothing in the disaster area.
5.The old building is __________ a good state of preservation except for the wooden floors.
二、根据提示翻译句子
6.这是中国国家女子足球队第九次赢得亚洲杯。(It was... time that..., the Asian Cup)
__________________________________________________________________
7.当我们到达时,每个人都已经接受了医疗护理。(by the time)
______________________________________________________________
8.他一到北京,他的朋友就开始带他参观这座城市。(hardly...when...)
__________________________________________________________________
9.他正要把写好的报道发布到网上,这时他的电脑坏了。(be about to...when...)
_____________________________________________________________________
10.历经饥寒交迫活下来之后，这位探险家爱上了志愿工作。他常敦促家人给无家可归的人提供餐食。(survive, a strong taste, serve, urge) （汉译英）
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：frequency
解析：考查名词。句意:那条公路上的事故发生得越来越频繁。设空处作with的宾语，且increasing是形容词，所以此处用名词形式frequency。
2.答案：decorated
解析：考查过去分词。句意:这个地区有许多装饰精美的房子。decorate与houses之间是被动关系，故用过去分词decorated作定语，修饰后面的houses。
3.答案：fences
解析：考查名词复数。句意:这样的篱笆非常实用，却不美观,并且浪费土地。由空格后的are可以判断此处应该用名词的复数形式。故填fences。
4.答案：distribution
解析：考查名词。句意:红十字会组织了灾区的食品和衣物分发。由空格前面的the和后面的of可以判断此处填名词 distribution。
5.答案：in
解析： 考查固定搭配。句意:除了木制地板以外,这座古老的建筑保存完好。in a good state"处于良好的状态"。
二、
6.答案：It was the ninth time that the Chinese women's national football team had won the Asian Cup.
解析：此处为"It was the first/second/...time +that从句"句型,在此句型中,that从句常用过去完成时。但当上述句型中的was变成is时,that从句通常用现在完成时。
7.答案：By the time we arrived, medical care had been given to everyone.
解析：由by the time并结合句意可知，从句应用一般过去时，主句要用过去完成时。
8.答案：Hardly had he arrived in Beijing when his friend started to show him round/around the city.
解析：在"hardly...when..."句式中,主句通常用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时;hardly位于句首时,主句使用部分倒装。show sb. round/around sth."领某人参观某地,带某人巡视某地"。
9.答案：He was about to post the report he had written online when his computer broke down.
解析：根据句意和提示可知,此处应用“be about to do sth. when...”句型,表示“正要做……这时突然……”。
10.答案：After surviving from hunger and cold, the explorer had a strong taste with volunteer work. He often urged his family to serve meals to the homeless.
解析：考查时态和短语。句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；“历经饥寒交迫活下来之后”可处理为时间状语，表达“在……之后”用after，表达“从……中幸存”用survive from，此处用其动名词形式作宾语；表达“爱上”用have a strong taste with，作谓语；表达“敦促某人做某事”用urge sb. to do sth.,作谓语，表达“给……提供食物”用serve meals to,此处用其不定式形式作宾补。结合其他汉语提示。故翻译为After surviving from hunger and cold, the explorer had a strong taste with volunteer work. He often urged his family to serve meals to the homeless.
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