(共18张PPT)
Unit 4
Period 2
Grammar and usage
新 课 导 入
Review
A restrictive relative clause modifies a ______ , ________or ___________ before it. We use relative pronouns or relative adverbs to introduce restrictive relative clauses.
We use (1) ________ for things, and (2) ________ and ________ for people. We can use (3) _______ for both things and people. We use (4) _________ to show possession.
which
who
that
whose
noun
pronoun
noun phrase
whom
课 堂 学 习
Do you have sleep problems
What are the effects of sleep disorders on physical health
课 堂 学 习
Below is part of a magazine article about sleep problems. Find the sentences with restrictive relative clauses in the article and fill in the box below. The first one has been done for you.
Do you remember a time when you had no worries stopping you from getting a good night’s rest Unfortunately, your happy childhood is probably a thing of the past.
A recent survey has found that many people suffer from sleep problems. Some are unable to fall asleep, some wake up in the middle of the night, and others simply do not get enough sleep. One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night’s sleep is pressure from school or work.
Noise pollution and light pollution in big cities may also contribute to sleep problems. In the short term, people with sleep problems often feel tired and have trouble concentrating. In the long term, they may be at increased risk of having a poor memory, being overweight and suffering a heart attack. Sleep problems are especially dangerous for teenagers. They are still growing, and night is the time when their bodies grow faster. Teenagers who do not sleep well may experience situations where body development slows down, and their health suffers.
So, if you have trouble getting a good night’s sleep, it might be time to make some changes in your lifestyle.
Working out the rules
The relative adverb where refers to a place, the relative adverb when refers to _______, and the relative adverb why refers to _________.
In more formal English, the relative adverbs where, when and why can be replaced by “preposition + _________”
time
reason
which
由关系副词引导的限制性定语从句
定语从句也可以由关系副词(relative adverbs) when、where、why引导，关系副词在在定语从句中作状语。
e.g. He enjoyed the four years when he studied in Suzhou.
That’s the cinema where we often go and see films.
1) 用关系副词when时，先行词指时间，when在定语从句中作时间状语，when可换成“介词+which”。
I still remember the day when I first came to Nanjing.
e.g. Mr Black was born in the year when World WarⅡ broke out.
= on which
= in which
2) 用关系副词where时，先行词指地点，where在定语从句中作地点状语，where可换成“介词+which”。
e.g. This is the farm where we worked when we were young.
The school where his mother teaches is in the west of the city.
= on which
= in which
3) 用关系副词why时，先行词指原因，why在定语从句中作原因状语，why可换成“介词+ which”。
e.g. There are several reasons why the boys should be punished.
Tom couldn’t give the teacher the reason why he was late for school.
= for which
= for which
关系副词的作用
①连接：连接定语从句和主句
②替代：关系副词=介词+which
③成分：在定语从句中一般作状语
关系副词 先行词 充当从句的成分
when 表时间的名词/名词词组 时间状语
where 表地点的名词/名词词组 地点状语
why 表原因的名词 原因状语
Summary
用适当的关系词填空。
1. October 1,1949 was the day ______ the PRC was founded.
2. The village has developed a lot ________ my brother and I learned farming five years ago.
3. Life is like a long race ________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
4. I don’t believe the reason ____________ he gave me yesterday and that’s the reason ______ I called him just now.
when
where
where
(which/that)
why
Rewrite the following sentences using a relative adverbs or “preposition +which”.
B1
B Applying the rules
1. I did not perform well at school last week. The reason was my poor-quality sleep.
2. I miss those days. I used to sleep really well in those days.
3. The hospital is near my home. I visited a doctor for advice on sleep problems in that hospital.
4. I still remember that afternoon. That afternoon I fell asleep on the bus and went past my stop.
The reason why/for which I did not perform well at school last week was my poor-quality sleep.
I miss those days when / in which I used to sleep really well.
The hospital where / in which I visited a doctor for advice on sleep problems is near my home.
I still remember that afternoon when / on which I fell asleep on the bus and went past my stop.
The last part of the magazine article about sleep problems gives tips on how to sleep plete the passage with correct relative pronouns, relative adverbs or “preposition + which” where necessary.
B2
Everyone knows that the amount of quality sleep (1) ____________we get is important to us. How can we get a better night’s sleep Here are some tips for you.
(which/that)
Tip 1: Try to go to bed and wake up around the same time each day. This helps set the body’s
“clock”. Try to stick to your sleep schedule at the weekend too, even though weekends
are probably the time (2) _______________ you feel like a lie-in.
Tip 2: Make your bedroom a place (3) ________________ you feel comfortable.Your
bedroom needs to be cool, dark and quiet so you can sleep soundly.
when / at which
where / in which
Tip 3: Avoid drinks(4) ___________ may keep you from sleeping,
such as coffee and tea.
Tip 4: Clear your head of stress and worry from your day before
bedtime. These negative thoughts are one reason
(5) ______________ you stay awake after the light goes off.
which/that
why / for which
Read the information below about World Sleep Day. Then write a short paragraph using restrictive relative clauses where necessary. The beginning has been written for you.
B3
In a society where people are under a lot of pressure, sleep problems have become very common....
In a society where people are under a lot of pressure, sleep problems have become very common. That is the reason why World Sleep Day is celebrated every year on the Friday of the second full week of March. Its aims are to make people understand the importance of good and healthy sleep and to draw society’s attention to sleep problems. It is a time when people have discussions and give talks about the importance of healthy sleep.
Sample
Do you know the usage of the relative adverb “when, where, why” in the restrictive attributive clause (共35张PPT)
Unit 4
Period 1
Welcome to the unit & Reading(I)
新 课 导 入
Welcome to the unit
Beauty is being the best version of yourself on the inside and outside.
——Audrey Hepburn
美是从内到外做最好的自己。
——奥黛丽·赫本
How can we make ourselves look good and feel good
have a healthy lifestyle
新 课 导 入
Welcome to the unit
Carol and Tom are two senior high school students who have very different lifestyles. Read their lists of habits below and discuss the following questions in pairs.
1.What good habits do Carol and Tom have Tick the boxes above.
√
√
√
√
√
2. How can Carol and Tom improve their lifestyles
For Carol, she should eat breakfast every day, drink less milk tea and spend more time playing sports. Tom should go to sleep earlier and eat less junk food.
3. What is your lifestyle like How can you improve it
Possible answer:
I keep regular hours and eat balanced meals, but I don’t like drinking water or doing sport. I think I should drink more water and do more exercise.
新 课 导 入
Welcome to the unit
1. 能读懂与“青少年减肥”话题相关的新闻报道，把握新闻篇
章结构，领会健康的真谛；
2. 能学习由weight构成的习惯搭配，积累词块并了解导语在
新闻报道中的作用及语言特点，学习撰写新闻导语。
课 堂 学 习
There is growing concern about weight problems among senior high school students. The news report below is about a teenage girl who tried to lose weight by skipping meals. Before you read the news report, think about the following questions:
★ Do you think senior high school students should pay much attention
to their weight Why or why not
★ What do you think are healthy ways of losing weight
Pre reading
Read the news report and complete the chart below.
A1
Paras. ____:
Para. ____:
Paras. ____:
Part 1
The lead
Part 2
More detailed information about the event
Part 3
Background or supporting information
Para.1: A teenage girl fainted at school yesterday after skipping meals.
Jennifer was rushed to hospital and
Dangers of the unhealthy weight-loss
habits have become common among teenagers.
An expert suggested teenagers have
a healthy balanced diet, keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise.
2-4
5
6-7
found low blood sugar levels as a result of skipping breakfast for the last few months.
.
A news report usually starts with a lead. It gives the most important information about an event. Then the following paragraphs give more detailed information about the event. Some news reports go on to provide background or supporting information.
Understanding a news report
Fast reading
The features of the news report
Lead
Body
Tail
Inverted pyramid format
（倒金字塔模式）
gives the most important information
contains more detailed information
provides background or supporting information
Read Paras. 1~4 carefully and finish the task.
1. What is the relationship between the first and the second paragraph
The second paragraph further illustrates the lead.
2. Why was Jennifer rushed to hospital
Because she fainted in her morning PE lesson.
3. Can you paraphrase “They say that she has struggled with eating problems for a long time.”
She has been trying for a long time to lose weight through skipping meals.
4. What did Laura do when she found out Jennifer was skipping meals
She warned Jennifer that it was unhealthy.
Careful reading
Read Paras. 5~7 carefully and answer following questions.
1.What are some of the dangerous methods teenagers use to lose weight
Skipping meals, over-exercising and taking weight-loss medicine.
2.What numbers are given in para.5 What’s the purpose of giving these numbers
Almost one fifth of teenagers regularly skip meals, one in ten over-exercise and four per cent even take weight-loss medicine.
Giving these numbers can help support the topic sentence of the paragraph.
3.What lifestyle tips did the expert give
Having a healthy balanced diet, keeping regular hours and getting plenty of exercise.
Post reading
In pairs, discuss the following questions.
A3
1. A news report headline should tell the readers what happened and draw their attention. Can you think of another headline for this report
Price of Skipping Meals.
2. Jennifer is now in hospital. Suppose you are Jennifer’s best friend. What would you say to her
I hope to see you recover soon and never skip meals again.
3. What are the possible causes of weight problems Make a list.
Eating too much junk food, drinking sugary drinks, lack of physical exercise, temptation of indoor activities including watching television and playing computer games.
译林 必修第一册
Unit 4
Period 1
Welcome to the unit & Reading(II)
( 英语 )
ENGLISH
Language points
1.Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.
詹妮弗被发现有危险的低血糖,并立即接受了治疗。
【词汇精讲】在本句中immediately用作副词,意为“立即,马上”。immediately还用作连词,意为“一……就……”。
e.g. He began to look for another position immediately.
e.g. I told him immediately he came.
【词汇拓展】
(1)英语中,表示“一……就……”有以下四类表达方式:
①as soon as;
②no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...; ③immediately/directly/instantly;
④the moment,the instant,the minute,the second。
e.g. No sooner had I closed my eyes than the phone rang.
(2)引导时间状语从句的还有the moment,the first time,every time,
by the time,next time等特殊连接词。
e.g. I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.
2.“Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight,”her friend Laura Williams told our reporter.
“珍妮弗认为不吃饭是达到目标体重的简单方法,”她的朋友劳拉·威廉姆斯告诉我们的记者。
【句式剖析】句中a simple way to reach her target weight,名词way后接动词不定式作定语。way既可以接动词不定式作后置定语,也可以接of doing作后置定语。
e.g. We have found a way of safeguarding our money.
e.g. Can anybody think of a way to raise money
e.g. They could not find a way to get themselves out.
【句式拓展】
(1)除了way以外,英语中还有很多名词既可以接动词不定式作后置定语,也可以接of doing作后置定语。常见的有ambition(雄心,抱负),challenge(挑战),chance(机会;可能性),determination(决心,决定),favour(善行,恩惠),honour (荣幸,荣誉),intention(想法,打算),liberty(自由),misfortune(不幸,灾祸),necessity(必要,需要)等。
e.g. His ambition to become/of becoming a pilot was thwarted by poor eyesight.
(2)当 way 表示“道路”之意时,后面的to是介词,意为“通向……之路”,后接名词或动词-ing形式。
e.g. Self-help is the best way to success.
3.She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.
她告诉我她在课堂上很难集中注意力。
【词汇精讲】concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等);全神贯注。
concentrate on是固定词组,表示“集中精力于”。
e.g. We must concentrate our efforts on improving education.
【词汇拓展】
4.In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.
在一个通常以瘦为美的社会,青少年有时候会求助于极端的方法来快速瘦身。
【词汇精讲】在本句中slim用作不及物动词,意为“变苗条,减肥”;还可以用作形容词,意为“苗条的;微薄的,小的”。
e.g. How do you manage to stay so slim
【词汇拓展】
slim down变苗条,减肥
e.g. How can I slim down my hips
5.According to a recent survey of senior high school students’ lifestyles, almost one fifth of teenagers regularly skip meals, one in ten over-exercise and four per cent even take weight-loss medicine.
根据最近对高中生生活方式的一项调查,近1/5的青少年经常不吃饭,1/10的人过度锻炼,4%的人甚至吃减肥药。
【句式剖析】句中one fifth和one in ten是英语中的分数。
e.g. Not one in ten of the boys could spell well.
【句式拓展】
(1)用基数词+序数词表示:分数在英语中通常是借助于基数词和序数词来共同表达的。其中基数词表示分子,序数词表示分母。分子为1时,既可以用one,也可以用a。
(2)如果分子大于1,分母则要用复数形式。
三分之一one third; 三分之二 two thirds
(3)二分之一不能说a second,而要说a half。四分之一和四分之三可以说a fourth 和three fourths,但也常用a quarter和three quarters表示。
(4)分数修饰的名词在句子中作主语时,谓语动词是用单数还是复数取决于名词,即与名词保持一致。
(5)带分数的表示:所谓带分数,实际上是整数+分数,只是整数部分与分数部分要用连词and 连接。
(6)分数常和of连用,作主语或宾语,但分数也可以不带 of 短语直接作主语或宾语。
6.Health experts are concerned about these figures.
卫生专家对这些数字表示担忧。
【词汇精讲】句中的concerned是形容词,意为“担心的;
关切的;相关的”。concern作动词时,意为“涉及;让……担忧”。
e.g. Many parents are concerned that some TV programs will have a bad influence on the development of their children.
许多家长担心一些电视节目会对孩子的成长有坏的影响。
e.g. I hope the department concerned will deal with the matter immediately.
e.g. What concerns me is our lack of preparation for the change.
【词汇拓展】
be concerned about/for...关心……;挂念……
be concerned with/in...与……有关;参与;牵涉到
as/so far as...be concerned就……而言
concern n.[U]担心;忧虑;[C]关心的人(或事)
show/express concern about/for...对……表示关心/担心
concerning prep.有关;涉及
e.g. She is deeply concerned about your safety.
e.g. As far as I’m concerned, you can’t ignore the fact.
【温馨提示】形容词concerned作前置定语时,意为“关心的,挂念的,担心的”;作后置定语时,意为“相关的;有关的”。
e.g. a concerned look“关切的神情”;the authorities concerned“有关当局”。
7.These so-called “quick-fix methods” prove to be harmful to teenagers.
这些所谓的权宜之计被证明对青少年有害。
【词汇精讲】在本句中prove用作连系动词,意为“证明是,结果是,被发现是”,不用于被动语态,后常接形容词、名词、不定式作表语。
e.g. The medicine proved satisfactory.
【词汇拓展】
prove还可用作及物动词,意为“证明,证实”,主要用于下列句型:
(1)prove+名词/代词
(2)prove+宾语+宾语补足语,作宾语补足语的通常有形容词、名词、动词不定式等。to be通常可以省略。
e.g. Again history proved him (to be) wrong.
(3)prove+宾语从句
8....it is important to have a healthy balanced diet...
……有一个健康平衡的饮食很重要……
【词汇精讲】在本句中diet用作名词,意为“节食;日常饮食”;还可以用作动词,意为“节食,进行规定饮食”。
e.g. Too rich a diet is not good for you.
e.g. You ought to diet and take more exercise.
【词汇拓展】
be/go on a diet 节食
a balanced diet 平衡饮食
e.g. Many girls are reported to be going on a diet to stop their normal weight gain, some of whom even miss breakfast.
9.If they do not take in enough food, they may feel weak and get ill easily.
如果他们没有摄入足够的食物,他们可能会感到虚弱,很容易生病。
【词汇精讲】在本句中take in意为“摄入,吸收”,还可以意为“接受;让……进入;理解;包括;欺骗;接待,留宿;订阅”。
e.g. Fish take in oxygen through their gills.
【词汇拓展】
take over to移交;遗留给 take along 随身带着 take away带走,使离去
take over夺取;接管 take off脱;去掉;起飞;(事业)蓬勃发展
take out拿出,取出 take after与……相像 take back退回;收回;接回
take up占据(时间、空间等);开始(学习或某种爱好);从事,对……感兴趣
take on呈现;具有;担任(工作);承担(责任);雇用 take to爱;喜欢;沉迷于
e.g.The plane took off despite the fog.
e.g.She took up the receiver and began to dial the number.
10.We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips, because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.
我们强烈鼓励所有青少年遵循这些生活小常识,因为健康的生活是最
安全、最有效的塑身方式。
【词汇精讲】在本句中get into shape意为“强身健体”。
e.g. Regular exercise helps the film star get into shape and keep a slim figure.
【词汇拓展】
in the shape of以……形状 in good shape身体状况好
out of shape身体不佳;变形的 take shape成形
After Jennifer returned home from hospital, she wrote a diary entry about her plete the diary entry with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below.
B1
energetic concentrate diet get into shape
immediately prove side effect make a full recovery
30 October
Dear Diary,
I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday. Then my mum told me what happened. She said I fainted in my PE class because of low blood sugar levels. Fortunately, I was rushed to hospital (1)___________. The doctor helped me and I (2)____________________ within two days. My experience (3)__________________what a bad idea it is to try to lose weight by skipping meals. Now I know this extreme weight-loss method has serious (4)_________.
immediately
made a full recovery
proves/has proved
side effects
I also understand that being healthy and (5)_________is more important than being slim. From now on, I’ll pay more attention to my health rather than my weight. I’ll eat a balanced (6)_________to make sure I have enough nutrition. Exercising regularly is also an important aspect of a healthy lifestyle. My doctor tells me that it’ll help me (7)___________better in class. So, I’ll play sport with my friends every other day after school. I hope these lifestyle changes can help me (8)________________.
energetic concentrate diet get into shape
immediately prove side effect make a full recovery
energetic
diet
concentrate
get into shape
1.I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.
上周四我在医院醒来的时候非常害怕。
【词汇精讲】句中的frightened是形容词,用来描述人的心理感受,意为“受惊的,害怕的”。
e.g At the sight of the dog,she was too frightened to move.
一看见这条狗,她吓得不敢动了。
【词汇拓展】
fright n.惊吓,恐怖
frighten vt.使惊恐,使害怕
frightening adj.吓人的,令人害怕的
be frightened at/of...害怕……
be frightened to death 吓得要死
frighten sb into/out of doing sth恐吓某人做/不做某事
2.The doctor helped me and I made a full recovery within two days.
医生帮了我的忙,两天之内我就完全康复了。
【词汇精讲】在本句中within用作介词,意为“在(某段时间)之内”,还可以意为“在(某段距离、范围)之内;在……里”。
e.g. My house is within walking distance of my university.
e.g.With prices keeping going up,he finds it hard to live within his income.
【词汇拓展】
within budget在预算内 within one’s grasp 某人能理解
within limits适度地,节制地 within the reach of 能拿得到;能到达
within five days五天之内 live within one’s income 量入为出
within reach/call/hearing/sight在够得着/叫得应/听得见/看得到的地方
within 20 minutes’ walk步行20分钟以内
do what is within your power尽力而为
“Weight” appears in the news report as part of different collocations. Read the examples below and add more collocations.
B2
watch one’s weight
reduce weight
gain weight
put on weight
weight gain
weight control
weight problems
weight training
birth weight
body weight
heavy weight
light weight
average weight
ideal weight
Read the lead of the news report, think of a recent event and write your own lead.
B3
When a group of questions are used to introduce a topic, they are usually not meant to be answered. Rather, the author intends to draw the reader's attention to the topic and make them think about and take an interest in it.
Learn this
Political advisers from Fujian province have made a joint proposal to lessen the academic burdens on primary and high school students and bolster their physical fitness in response to more Chinese teenagers becoming myopic and obese.
(China Daily, 26 May, 2020)
A Sample
Fill in the blanks and retell the passage.
The lead
A teenage girl fainted at school yesterday after
(1) _______ meals.
More detailed
Information
Background
Information
To reach (2) ______________, Jennifer turned to skipping meals. But she has struggled with some "side effects"for a long time.
With (3) ________ as being beautiful, unhealthy weight-loss habits have become
(4) ________.
skipping
Supporting
Information
These so-called "quick-fix methods prove to (5) ____________teenagers. It is important to have (6)_____________________to make their bodies (7) _______ well.
being thin
common
be harmful to
a healthy balanced diet
function
her target weight(共17张PPT)
Unit 4
Period 4
Extended reading
新 课 导 入
视频：Learn to appreciate different kinds of beauty
课 堂 学 习
Free Talk
What is beauty
Words do not define beauty.
People do not define beauty.
Looks do not define beauty.
You define beauty.
In your depth,
In your speech,
In your mind.
You define beauty,
with your beautiful
Mind and lovely your Heart.
Do you have negative thoughts on your physical appearance
How do you deal with them
Pre reading
1. How do you judge a book
2. How do you understand the title
Look at the title and discuss the following questions.
I usually judge a book by its content.
The “book” refers to one’s character or qualities and the “cover” refers to one’s physical appearance. This title suggests that we can’t judge by appearances.
A
Complete the chart below with information from the article.
Where do they come from
From (1)__________________________
From (2)__________________________
How can you deal with them
(3)________________________________________
Remind yourself that you are unique.
(4)____________________________________
____________________________________
(5)_____________________________________
(6)________________________________________
standards of beauty in the media
friends
Stop following popular beauty standards blindly.
Keep in mind that your family and friends love you just the way you are.
Focus on your strengths.
Direct your attention away from negative thoughts.
Teenagers’ negative thoughts on their physical appearance
While reading
Read the text again and answer the questions.
1. What attitude does the author hold towards standards of beauty in the media
2. How should you deal with your negative thoughts
3. What should you pay more attention to
4. What is the passage mainly about
Nagative.
Accept what you are completely.
Your contents.
Teenagers’ dark thoughts about appearance.
B
Can you think of other causes of teenagers' negative thoughts on their physical appearance and other effective ways to deal with them Make a list and explain briefly.
Post-reading
The causes of teenagers’ negative thoughts on their physical appearance are not always external. Some teenagers are not confident enough and always believe they do not look good enough. To get rid of thoughts like this, they must have more confidence in themselves. For instance, they can write down things that make them feel good about themselves. Stopping comparing themselves with others may help too. It is also a good idea to use positive statements and spend more time with supportive people.
C
“Don't judge a book by its cover” is an English saying. What are some Chinese sayings about one's physical appearance Choose one that you agree with and explain why.
人靠衣装马靠鞍 人不可貌相， 海水不可斗量
The one that a agree with most is “人不可貌相， 海水不可斗量”.
If we judge by appearances, we may make mistakes. After all, appearance is only superficial and one’s inner self is what matters more.
Language points
1.Dark thoughts about your physical appearance can hang over you all the time like a rain cloud.
对你外表的负面想法会像雨云一样一直笼罩着你。
【词汇精讲】在本句中hang over意为“使忧心忡忡,担心可能发生”。
e.g. The danger of war hung over Europe.
【词汇拓展】
hang on抓紧;坚持;不挂断 hang out逗留;闲荡
hang one’s head低下头 hang back退缩;踌躇不前
hang up on sb挂……的电话
get/have the hang of sth学会做某事的技巧
2.These thoughts can have a negative effect on people of any shape or size,both male and female,and it is important to guard against the causes behind them. 这些想法会对任何体型的人产生负面影响,无论男女,重要的是要防范其背后的原因。
【词汇精讲】在本句中guard against意为“防范,防止,提防”。
【词汇拓展】
(1)guard sb from=keep sb from保护
(2)a guard against防护……的物件 off (one’s) guard毫无防备
on guard站岗 on (one’s) guard防备 stand guard over守卫
3.Teens who try to copy the looks of their favourite stars are fighting a losing battle—these standards are simply impossible for most of the population to live up to.
试图模仿他们最喜欢的明星的长相的青少年正在打一场败仗——对大多数人来说,这些标准简直是不可能达到的。
【词汇精讲】在本句中fight a losing battle意为“打一场无望取胜的仗”。
【词汇拓展】
fight against与……作斗争 fight for为……而战
fight with与……并肩而战/用……战斗 fight back回击
fight about争辩
4. Teens who try to copy the looks of their favourite stars are fighting a losing battle
— these standards are simply impossible for most of the population to live up to.
试图模仿他们最喜欢的明星的长相的青少年正在打一场败仗——对大多数人来说,这些标准简直是不可能达到的。
【词汇精讲】在本句中live up to意为“达到,符合,不辜负”。
e.g. He finds it hard to live up to his ideals.
【词汇拓展】
live up to one’s promise履行某人的诺言 live up to one’s name名副其实
live up to expectations按照期望做到,不负众望 live up to one’s reputation不负盛名
live a/an... life 过……的生活 live on/upon 以……为主食;靠……生活
live through经历(灾难或困境) live with与……住在一起;忍受
live by doing sth靠做某事赚钱为生
e.g. I do not know how I live through those dog days.
5.They will only end up feeling worse about themselves.
他们最后只会对自己感觉更糟。
【词汇精讲】end up 意为“最终成为,最终处于”。
e.g. Don’t drive your car like that,or you will end up dead.
e.g.We were going to go out,but ended up watching videos at home.
【词汇拓展】
end up with以/用……结束/告终
end up as作为……结束/告终
end up in最终…… (后面通常接表示地点的名词)
end up by以……告终
6.Everyone has their own talents—you may be good at painting or playing the piano,so take pride in things you do well instead of worrying about things you cannot change.
每个人都有自己的天赋——你可能擅长绘画或弹钢琴,所以为你做得好的事情感到自豪,而不是担心你无法改变的事情。
【词汇精讲1】talent是名词,意为“天资;天赋;人才,天才”。
e.g. His earlier work announced a great talent.
e.g. He began his musical career in talent shows.
【词汇拓展1】
show/have a talent for有……的天赋
talented adj.有天赋的
e.g. She is proud that both her children have a talent for music.
【词汇精讲2】take pride in为……自豪,为……骄傲
e.g. She takes great pride in her children’s success.
【词汇拓展2】
proud adj.骄傲的;自豪的
be proud of为……感到自豪
be proud to do sth以做某事为荣
e.g. They were proud of their achievements.
Fill in the blanks and retell the passage.
Teenagers’ negative thoughts on their physical 1.____________
Where do they come from Standards of 2. in the media
3. of Your friends
How can you 4. with them 5. following popular beauty standards blindly
Remind yourself that you are 6. and
7. by your family and friends
Direct your attention away from 8. thoughts
Focus on your strengths to 9. you build your confidence
Judge yourself by what is on the 10.
appearance
beauty
Influence
deal
Avoid
unique
loved
negative
help
inside(共14张PPT)
Unit 4
Period 5
Project & Assessment
单 元 复 习
Say the meaning of these words or phrases as quickly as possible!
immediately
take in
diet
concentrate
slim down
hang over
prove
concern
In addition
get into shape
operation
treatment
Review
guard against
live up to
end up
take pride in
talent
单 元 复 习
What are the general rules of restrictive relative clauses with relative adverbs
Review
关系副词的作用
①连接：连接定语从句和主句
②替代：关系副词=介词+which
③成分：在定语从句中一般作状语
关系副词 先行词 充当从句的成分
when 表时间的名词/名词词组 时间状语
where 表地点的名词/名词词组 地点状语
why 表原因的名词 原因状语
课 堂 学 习
Free Talk
Let’s design an app about a healthy lifestyle.
What apps about healthy lifestyle have you used Which is your favourite one and why
Step 1: Choose one topic.
As a class, discuss different aspects of a healthy lifestyle. You can use the ideas below or think of other ideas. Then in groups, pick one aspect to research.
doing physical exercise regularly having a positive attitude towards life
eating a healthy diet having good relationships with others
avoiding bad habits managing stress
Step 2: Research the chosen aspect.
Functions
Purpose
Name of the app
Contents
What should you consider when you design an app
Target users
Design
Step 3: Design an app.
1. What aspect of a healthy lifestyle is included
Eating a healthy diet.
2. What elements does this app design contain
Read the example below and answer the following questions.
It has an outstanding name, appealing slogan, detailed explanation and vivid illustrations.
3. What’s the highlight of the sample How can you improve it
The app design is clear and seems easy to use. Adding some popular recipes can make it more useful.
Purpose
App Structure
Name
Easy Healthy Eating
to help people eat healthily and easily
Read the example and fill in the blanks.
Target users
People who don’t know much about nutrition.
People who are too busy to spend time planning healthy meals.
App Structure
Functions
App Structure
Plan nutritious meals.
Have nutrition classes.
Search favorite diet.
Record food diary and share with others.
Step 4: As a group, put together your information to
design your app.
Step 5: Present your plan to the rest of the class.
Useful expressions:
1. Our app is called ...
2. Its purpose is to ...
3. The target users are ...
4. The app will provide ...
Step 6: Evaluate and vote.
Evaluate the design of each group and then vote on the best one.
Evaluation criteria for reference:
Yes No
Integration of the content
Practicality of the app
Relevance of the components
A In pairs, rank your performance level in the following areas from 1 to 5. Write down your own assessment in the column "Me"and ask your partner to write down his/her assessment of your performance in the column "Partner".
B If improvement is required for some of the areas above, make an action plan.
Assessment(共22张PPT)
Unit 4
Period 3
Integrated skills
新 课 导 入
Free talk
Is physical appearance important to you Why
cosmetics/make-up
apps like BeautyCam
plastic surgery
If I want to change my looks, what can I do
What’s your opinion about plastic surgery
课 堂 学 习
Read two news stories below about plastic surgery and answer the following questions.
A
Reading
1. How did the plastic surgery help Mr Wilson
His burnt skin was repaired, especially the skin on his face. He can go out like a normal guy now.
2. What problems did the plastic surgery bring to Miss Edwards
She still suffers from daily pain and is unable to make some facial expressions.
Alice, a new reporter, is reporting on plastic surgery. Listen and finish the exercises below.
B
Listening
B1 Listen to the report and decide whether the following statements are true(T) or false (F). If the information is not mentioned in the report, just circle NG (not given).
1 The plastic surgery industry is very popular now.
2 These days, the number of men who have plastic surgery is
almost the same as that of women.
3 Most actresses have had plastic surgery on their faces.
4 One of the advantages of plastic surgery is that it can treat
burn marks.
5 Plastic surgery patients may suffer from terrible pain.
6 People under 18 should never have plastic surgery.
T / F / NG
T /F / NG
T / F / NG
T / F / NG
T / F / NG
T / F / NG
B2 Listen to the report again and complete the notes below.
Plastic surgery
Results of recent research on plastic surgery
About (1)____________ of all patients are men.
The average age of patients is (2)____________.
Experts believe the industry will (3)_______________ in the future.
Advantages of plastic surgery
It is the easiest way to help people improve their (4)____________
It helps people (5)____________________
Disadvantages of plastic surgery
It is very (6)____________
It carries serious (7)____________. Patients may (8)_________________ after failed plastic surgery operations or even die during operations.
The results of plastic surgery might be different from what people expect. This is especially true for (9)____________
teenagers
one third
falling
continue to grow
appearance
build their self-confidence
expensive
health risks
suffer health problems
Alice: Hello! My name is Alice and today I’m reporting on the plastic
surgery industry. Plastic surgery is undoubtedly becoming more and more popular. Every year, millions of people decide to have plastic surgery to change their looks. You might think only women want plastic surgery, but recent research shows that, surprisingly, about one third of all plastic surgery patients are men. The average age of patients is falling and experts believe the industry will only continue to grow in the future.
Then why is plastic surgery so popular these days Many people see it as the easiest way to help improve their appearance. Some of these patients have obvious problems like burn marks, while others are just unhappy with their looks. By improving their appearance, plastic surgery can help people in both groups build their self-confidence.
tapescript
However, it’s also important to consider the disadvantages. Plastic surgery is very expensive. In addition, any kind of surgery carries serious health risks. Patients may suffer health problems after failed plastic surgery operations. In some extreme cases, patients may even die during operations. Finally, the results of plastic surgery might not be what people expect. This is especially true for teenagers, as their bodies are still growing. Doctors strongly advise against plastic surgery for people under eighteen unless it is necessary, for example, to treat burn marks.
It is important to weigh up all of the advantages and disadvantages before deciding whether or not to have plastic surgery. Remember: think before you act.
In pairs, have a discussion about plastic surgery. Use the following questions and expressions to help you.
C
Are you for or against plastic surgery Why
What examples can you think of to support your opinion
Voicing your opinion
In general/On the whole, I think/believe/feel ...
To be honest, I’m against/for ... because ...
Once again/As I said, I’d support/oppose the idea of ...
I’ve changed my mind. I (don’t) believe/agree/think that ...
Expressions
A: Plastic surgery is very popular so it can’t be that bad! On the whole,
I feel it’s great because it helps people. I think there are many positive benefits.
B: I’m afraid I don’t agree. It’s popular because people are only interested
in their appearance and believe it’ll make them feel better about themselves.
A: To be honest, there’s nothing wrong with that if it builds confidence
and changes people’s lives. But it’s not good if someone gets addicted to it looking for perfection—that’s impossible.
B: Well, I oppose the idea of low confidence as a good reason for plastic
surgery—they can change to a healthier lifestyle. I’d support it only if there were very strict rules about who can have it.
Sample
A: I think it’s good in any situation when it helps those who need it.
What about those born with medical problems
B: As I said, I’d support those who need it for medical reasons
because it’s important for their health, but I’m against unnecessary plastic surgery. People are risking their lives every time they go under the knife!
Write an argument essay expressing your opinion about plastic surgery. Use your ideas from part C and the information in parts A and B to help you.
D
Writing
Planning your writing
Learning about the text type
Learning about the structure
Learning about the language
Planning your writing
Learning about the text type
An argument essay is a piece of writing in which you express an opinion and support that opinion with facts and examples.
Planning your writing
Learning about the structure
Provide your main point (P) in the opening paragraph for your readers.
Support your main point with reasons (R) and personal experiences or evidence (E) in the supporting paragraph(s).
Give a short but powerful summary in the closing paragraph.
PRE structure
Planning your writing
Learning about the language
To make your argument more convincing, you often need to write in a formal and factual way. You can also quote an expert.
Writing
Write an argument essay expressing your opinion about plastic surgery.
Checking your writing
Remember to check your writing after you finish and exchange drafts between you and your partner. Pay attention to the following aspects:
□ Punctuation □ Spelling □ Grammar
□ Choice of words □ Style (formal/informal) □ Structure
Self-review
Do you use the PRE structure effectively in your writing
What is the hardest part when you write the argument essay
Peer review
What does our partner think of the opinion and reasons you give
How can you improve your writing
Sample
Plastic surgery is becoming more and more popular these days. Plastic surgery might help people feel good about themselves sometimes, but its negative consequences outweigh its benefits.
I think people should never have plastic surgery.
First, people do not always get satisfactory results from plastic surgery. Nowadays more and more people have to go back under the knife because the first surgery was not what they wanted. No one can make sure that the result of plastic surgery will be exactly what the patient expected.
Main point
Reason 1
Evidence
Plastic surgery: beauty or beast
In addition, plastic surgery can be dangerous. Some people suffer terrible pain and have serious health problems after surgery. People should not risk their health to change their physical appearance. The problem is often the negative self-image in their mind, rather than anything wrong with their body. Instead of surgery, they should first try safer methods to improve their body image, such as having a healthier lifestyle.
Moreover, people may get addicted to plastic surgery. People have plastic surgery because they want to improve their appearance. However, there is no perfection. People who undergo plastic surgery once tend to get more operations to change other parts of their body afterwards.
For these reasons, people should never have plastic surgery. If they want to improve their confidence in their appearance, they should think of other methods that are less risky, such as exercise.
Reason 2
Reason 3
Summary
Language points
1.The operation was a great success.
手术非常成功。
【词汇精讲】在本句中operation用作名词,意为“手术”,还可以意为“运转,操作”。
e.g. The operation of this machine is simple.
e.g. Doctors performed an emergency operation for appendicitis last night.
【词汇拓展】
(1)have an operation(病人)接受手术 perform an operation(医生)动手术
come into operation付诸实施 in operation操作中,运转中;生效
(2)operate v.操作;运作;动手术
operate on 给……动手术 operator n.(操作机器的)工作者;操作员;接线员
2.Mr Wilson is very happy with the treatment.
威尔逊先生对这种治疗很满意。
【词汇精讲】在本句中treatment 用作名词,意为“治疗”,还可以意为
“对待,待遇;处理”。
e.g. Unfortunately,they face unfair treatment and discrimination in that country.
【词汇拓展】
treat v.治疗;对待,款待 treat sb well/badly对某人好/不好
treat...as... 把……当作……一样看待
treat sb/oneself to sth 以某物款待某人
give sb sth as a treat 用某物招待某人
e.g. Which doctor is treating you for your illness
3.In addition,Miss Edwards says the surgery makes her look unnatural and that she is unable to make certain facial expressions.
此外,爱德华兹小姐说,手术让她看起来不自然,她无法做出某些面部表情。
【词汇精讲】addition是名词,意为“添加;加法;增加物”。
e.g. Addition and division are forms of computation.
e.g. This is a fine book,a worthy addition to the Cambridge Encyclopedia series.
e.g. A newborn child is often called an addition to the family.
【词汇拓展】
in addition此外 in addition to除……之外 additional adj.额外的
e.g. In addition,we should learn how to get along well with others.
Can you express your opinion about plastic surgery now
