(共27张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 4
Extended reading
新 课 导 入
Free Talk
What are friends like
Mottos
Friends are like books. You don't need a lot of them as long as they are good.
Friends are like stars. You don't always see them,but you know they're always there.
Friends are like wine; the older, the better.
Friends are like diamonds, precious and rare.
Friendship is very___________ to us.
important
课 堂 学 习
Pre reading
Look at the title and picture below and discuss
the following questions.
1) What is the main topic of the passage
2) Do you know the writer Who is he
It is about friendship.
Francis Bacon
Of Friendship
Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
An English Renaissance statesman and philosopher, known for his promotion of the scientific method and for his essays which show his sharp worldly wisdom.
Francis Bacon’s essays was published in book form in 1597, 1612 and 1625 and these were the first works in English that described themselves as essays. Most of the lines from his essays have always been acclaimed as immortal quotes.
What an essay is
Francis Bacon’s essays.
Essays are brief, non-fiction compositions that describe, clarify, argue or analyze a subject.
Go through the passage quickly and identify the structure of it.
While reading
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 5
Para. 6
Introduction to the topic
Detailed explanation of the fruits
Conclusion
Complete the mind map to show the argumentation.
Fruit 1
____________
With the true friends, we feel free to _________ our feelings.
Sharing makes happiness ______________________and a _________ become halved.
share
take on greater meanings
Comfort the heart
trouble
Fruit 2
______________
Our friend are better able to offer _________ on our important decisions.
Preparing to talk with a friend makes our thoughts ________ and our understandings more ___________.
clearer
Advise the head
advice
thorough
Complete the mind map to show the argumentation.
Complete the mind map to show the argumentation.
Fruit 3
Help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves.
So many things in life that can only be _________ with the help of friends.
Friends have different _____________.
Friends can help us during life and, perhaps, even ___________.
ideas and skills
achieved
after death
Appreciate some sentences rich in philosophical significance.
1. More often that not, close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.
The writer compares “the life journey” to “a rocky road”, which mean in our life there can be some challenges and difficulties ahead. If we have close friends whom we can turn to, they can help us solve these problems and support us to go forward bravely.
2. Here, friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved!
When we are with our friends, we share happiness and sorrow together. One’s happiness will bring enjoyment and joyfulness to his or her friend too. However, when meeting with trouble, we comfort, help and support each other, thus handling the problem together.
Post reading
A
Write a summary of the essay. Use the following questions to help you.
What are the three “fruits” of friendship
Why are they important
Tip
Writing a summary
To write a good summary of a text, you should:
circle the main points and key ideas in a text;
express these ideas in your own words;
not include supporting details or background knowledge;
not include your personal opinion.
Friendship is very important to us. It leads to self-improvement and helps us better walk the "path of life". Friendship has three "fruits". First, we feel more comfortable when we share our feelings with our true friends, as they will understand us and allow us to express ourselves. Second, friends can help us think more clearly and offer solutions to problems. Third, friends are willing to support us to achieve our goals. However, we should carefully choose friends and develop friendships.
Possible answer
B
How do you know when to be independent and when to ask for the help of friends Explain and support your opinion.
Discussion
We should try to deal with a problem on our own first before we turn to our friends for guidance. Independent thinking gives us the freedom to search inside ourselves. We can share our thoughts with our friends and benefit from their opinions, but we alone are responsible for our decisions.
Possible answer
Language points
1.As we walk the “path of life”,we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement.
当我们走在“人生的道路”上时,我们有时可能希望独自思考,因为安静的反思期可以带来个人的进步。
【词汇精讲】在本句中reflection用作名词,意为“沉思”,还可以意为“反射;映像;反映”。
e.g.The cat felt curious when she saw her own reflection in the mirror.
【词汇拓展】
(1)be lost in reflection陷入深思之中
(2)reflect vt.映射;反射 vi.思考
reflect...in...在……中反映出/映照出……
reflect on思考,反省;回想
2.As we walk the “path of life”,we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement.
当我们走在“人生的道路”上时,我们有时可能希望独自思考,因为安静的反思期可以带来个人的进步。
【句式剖析】for引导并列句表示原因
【句式拓展】
because, as, for, since 这几个词都是表示原因的连词,语气由强至弱依次为: because→since→as→for,前面三个均为从属连词,引导原因状语从句;而for是并列连词,引导并列句。
【点拨】
1) because表示直接原因,它所指的原因通常是听话人所不知道的,其语气最强。常用来回答why的提问,一般放于主句之后,也可以单独存在。
e.g. I stayed at home because it rained.
2) since侧重主句,从句表示显然的或已为人所知的理由,常译为“因为”“既然”,语气比 because稍弱,通常置于句首,表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。
e.g. Since he asks you, you’ll tell him.
3) as是常用词,它表示的“原因”是双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因,或者理由不是很重要,含义与 since相同,但语气更弱,没有since正式,常译为“由于,鉴于”。从句说明原因,主句说明结果,主从并重。
e.g. As I had a cold, I was absent from school.
4) for用作连词时,与 because相似,但它所表示的原因往往提供上文未交代过的情况。for不表示直接原因,表明附加或推断的理由,因此for被看作并列连词,它所引导的分句只能放在句子后部或单独成为一个句子,并且前后两个分句间的逻辑关系不一定是因果关系。其间用逗号隔开,且for不可置于句首,for的这一用法常用在书面语中,较正式。
e.g. The days are short, for it is now December.
前后两个分句间有一定的因果关系时(有时很难区分是直接原因,还是推测性原因),for与 because可以互换使用。
e.g. I could not go, for/because I was ill.
3.However,when we seek to be alone,we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world.
然而,当我们试图独处的时候,我们必须小心,不要总是逃避到自己的世界里去。
【词汇精讲】seek为动词,意为“寻找;寻求”。seek为不规则动词,其过去式和过去分词都是sought。seek表示“试图;寻找;争取”的意思时,后接不定式作宾语。
e.g. One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings.
e.g. I have never sought to hide my views.
【词汇拓展】
seek one’s fortune/fame追求财富/名誉;碰运气 seek after/for寻找;追求
seek sth from sb向某人寻求某物
seek to do sth(=try/attempt to do sth)试图/企图做某事
4.However,when we seek to be alone,we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world.
然而,当我们试图独处的时候,我们必须小心,不要总是逃避到自己的世界里去。
【词汇精讲】在本句中escape用作动词,意为“逃跑,逃脱”,还可以意为“避开,避免;被遗忘”;用作名词意为“逃离,逃脱”。
e.g. The prisoner has escaped.
e.g. Our escape was little short of miraculous.
【词汇拓展】
(1)escape from 从……逃脱/逃避
escape from reality逃避现实
escape into逃入
escape (doing) sth避免(做)某事
escape punishment=escape being punished 逃避处罚
(2)make one’s escape逃走
a fire escape消防通道
a narrow escape 死里逃生
e.g. To my surprise, he could escape from that big fire.
e.g. The thief jumped into a car and made his escape.
5.More often than not,close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.
通常情况下,亲密的友谊会帮助我们铺平人生旅途中偶尔坎坷的道路。
【词汇精讲】在本句中be meant to do sth意为“注定要做某事,应做某事”。
e.g. This software is meant to protect computers from being attacked by viruses.
【词汇拓展】
(1)sth is meant for sth/sb某物是为……准备/设计的
(2)mean to do sth打算做某事
mean doing sth意味着做某事
meant to have done = had meant to do本来打算做(实际上没做)
e.g. She was meant for a teacher.
6.As we live in social groups,there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy.
由于我们生活在社会群体中,我们可以享受友谊带来的许多好处。
【词汇精讲】benefit为名词,意为“好处;益处”;它还可以作动词,意为“得益于;使受益”。
e.g. Good opinions are worth sticking to because they can benefit us all.
【词汇拓展】
sth benefit(s) sb某事对某人有益 sb benefit(s) from sth某人从某事中受益
be of benefit to...对……有益 for one’s benefit为了帮助某人;为了某人的利益
to one’s benefit对某人有益 beneficial adj.有益的;受益的
be beneficial to...(=be of benefit to...) 对……有益
e.g. His health benefits greatly from daily exercise.
= Daily exercise benefits his health greatly.
= Daily exercise is of great benefit to his health.
= Daily exercise is beneficial to his health greatly.
7.Here,friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved!
在这里,友谊有双重优势——幸福有更大的意义,分担的烦恼减半!
【词汇精讲】在本句中take on意为“呈现,具有”,还可以意为“承担;接受;从事;较量;开始雇用”等。
e.g. If you are the monitor in class,you can take on this position when you want your words to be taken seriously.
【词汇拓展】
take away 拿走;带走;夺走 take back 退回;拿回;归还
take down记下;拆卸 take in 吸收;理解;欺骗
take off 脱下;起飞;休假;(事业)腾飞 take out 取出;拔掉;带出去
take over接管;接任
8.Indeed,the human heart depends on such opportunities for comfort and protection.
的确,人类的心灵依赖于这种寻求安慰和保护的机会。
【词汇精讲】在本句中comfort用作名词,意为“舒服;安慰”;还可以用作动词,意为“宽慰,抚慰”。
【词汇拓展】
(1)comfort sb安慰某人
(2)in comfort舒服地 take comfort from...从……中得到慰藉
(3)comfortable adj.舒适的,(人)安逸的 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的,不安逸的
discomfort n.不舒服;不安 comfortably adv.安逸地
9.We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.
我们经常发现辨认出别人的弱点比自己的容易。
【词汇精讲】recognize是动词,意为“承认,意识到;认出;辨别出”。
e.g. She didn’t recognize me just now because I was wearing dark glasses.
【词汇拓展】
recognize sb/one’s voice认出某人/听出某人的声音
be recognized to be/as...被认为是……
It is recognized that...人们公认……
recognition n.认出;认识
beyond (all) recognition(完全)认不出来
10.We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.我们经常发现辨认出别人的弱点比自己的容易。
【句式剖析】find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses是“find+宾语+宾补”的复合结构,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式to recognize other people’s weaknesses;easier为形容词作宾语补足语。
【词汇拓展】
Friendship is __________ to us. (para 1)
______ “fruits” of friendship.
(paras 2-5)
We should carefully ________ our friends and ________the relationships. (para 6)
important
three
choose
develop
the first…
the second…
the third…
_________ the rocky road
______ the path of life better
smooth out
walk
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Fill in the blanks and retell the passage.(共43张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 1
Welcome to the unit & Reading(I)
新 课 导 入
※Two friends were on the boat called friendship.
※ One didn't share food with the other.
※ The boat of friendship was overturned at once.
Has your friendship boat ever been overturned
新 课 导 入
Watch the video and finish the following exercise.
Welcome to the unit
Bill's problem:
______________________________
______________________________
Jane's problem:
____________________________________________________________
Harry's problem:
____________________________________________________________
He and his best friend Paul do not share the same interests now.
She misses her best friend from junior high.
He is too shy to make friends with the other boys in his class.
新 课 导 入
Welcome to the unit
1 What advice can you give these teenagers
2 What friendship problems have you had
Share your experience.
Free Talk
课 堂 学 习
Pre reading
It is often difficult to start a friendship and even more difficult to keep one. The forum exchange below includes a post written by Amy, a teenage girl who had a problem with her best friend Jenny, and two replies. Before you read the forum exchange, think about the following questions:
★ Do you think there are "friends for life" Why or why not
★ Would you turn to online communities for advice about maintaining friendships Why or why not
Friendship on the rocks: please advise!
Friendship on the rocks
Read the forum exchange and complete the mind-map below.
Para.1
Para.3
Para.2
Para.4
Before conflict happened
Conflict happened
Conflict developed
Conflict continued
Please________
___________advice
advise
Cindy’s
___________advice
David’s
Fast reading
Careful reading
Read Para.1 carefully and decide which ones are true(T) and which ones are false(F).
1.Amy and Jenny have been close for eight years.
2.Jenny was an awkward student and Amy was very popular with students.
3.Jenny was unwilling to make friends with Amy.
4.Jenny and Amy always did things together, including walking to school, doing homework and so on.
T
F
T
Amy
Jenny
F
willing
Read para.2 and answer the following questions.
1.When did the conflict happen
2.What was their original plan on last Saturday morning
3.Did they see a film successfully Why
Last Saturday.
To see a film at the cinema.
No, they didn’t. Because Jenny had a cold.
Try to complete the following situational dialogue
（情景对话） according to Para.3.
The classmate: Hi, Amy. Have you seen the film in the morning
Amy: No.
The classmate: Why It is interesting.
Amy: Jenny was ill.
The classmate :________________
…...
Read para.4 and answer the following questions.
1. After Amy heard what the classmate said, why did she
think Jenny’s “illness” was a lie
3. If you were Amy, what would you do
2. Do you agree with Amy’s behavior in this paragraph
why or why not
Read the forum exchange and complete the chart below.
A1
Saturday morning:
Amy’s friend said she was ill and might not be able to make it to the cinema.
Cindy:
(3)______________________
_________________________
Amy’s problem
Saturday afternoon:
(1)__________________
_____________________
_____________________
Monday:
(2)__________________
_____________________
Advice given
David:
(4)________________________
___________________________
Amy’s friend was out having fun with someone else.
Amy received a horrible surprise.
Save the friendship because
eight years is a long time.
Rethink this friendship and if necessary, move on.
Read the forum exchange again carefully and answer the following questions.
A2
1. How did Amy view her friend before
2. What did Amy and her friend plan to do last Saturday afternoon
3. How did Amy learn that her friend went to a café
4. What does Cindy mean by “her behaviour” in line 20
5. In what case is it time to rethink a friendship, according to David
She viewed her almost as a sister.
They planned to see a film at the cinema.
Through a classmate.
She told Amy she was ill and couldn’t make it to the cinema but chatted with another girl in a café.
Amy’s friend ignores her feelings or makes her suffer.
Post reading
1.What are the similarities and differences between Cindy’s and David’s advice
This friendship is worth saving.
It’s time to rethink the relationship.
Have a talk with her friend.
Whose advice do you prefer
In pairs, discuss the following questions.
A3
2. What helpful advice can you offer Amy Draw on your own experiences to give a reply to her post.
3. Imagine your friend has lied to you. How would you respond
I had a friend who did something similar to me. We planned to go to the Science Museum together, but he pulled out at the last minute. I was upset that he completely ignored my feelings. I frankly explained to him how I felt, and he told me his side of the story. We are still best friends today because we are so honest with each other. The key is communication. Try not to be negative.
I would expect that he/she has a good reason for not telling the truth. I would talk to him/her immediately and ask him/her the reason. Then I would tell him/her that even though I understand what he/she has done, I don't like lies and that friends should be frank with each other.
译林 必修第一册
Unit 3
Period 1
Welcome to the unit & Reading(II)
( 英语 )
ENGLISH
Language points
1.Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.
无论我们是步行去学校、做作业还是只是在周末闲逛,我们几乎不离开彼此的视线。
【词汇精讲】在本句中sight用作不可数名词,意为“视力;视觉;视野”。sight也可
用作可数名词,意为“看得见的事物;景象”。
e.g. What a peaceful and romantic sight!
e.g. His sense of hearing is poor but his sight is excellent.
e.g. She went out to see the sights of Shanghai.
【词汇拓展】
lose one's sight失明 at first sight 乍看起来；一看见 lose sight of看不见
at the sight of一看见 catch sight of看见 out of sight 看不见；在视线外
in/within sight看得见；在视线内 come into sight进入视野中
scene 指展现在眼前的情景,也可以指scenery 的一部分,大多包括景物中的人及活动在内
scenery 指某地总的自然风光或景色,尤指美丽的乡间景色
sight 既可以指眼前看到的景观,也可以指名胜、风景,在表示“名胜,风景”时,用复数形式
view 常指从某个位置或角度所看到的景色。还可表示“观点”
【词汇辨析】 scene, scenery, sight, view
1.Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.
无论我们是步行去学校、做作业还是只是在周末闲逛,我们几乎不离开彼此的视线。
【句式剖析】
句中whether引导的让步状语从句
e.g. Whether the news that a new library will be built in our school is true,we will stay here.
【句式拓展】
(1)no matter whether意为“不论是否……,不管是……还是……”。
e.g. A cat is good if it catches mice no matter whether it is black or white.
(2)whether...or not引导名词性从句。
e.g. Whether he will come or not depends on the weather.
2.When I called her, she said she might not be able to make it to the cinema.
我给她打电话时,她说她可能去不了电影院了。
【词汇精讲】在本句中make it意为“能够出席;准时到达”;make it还可以意为“获得成功”。
e.g.The train leaves in ten minutes — we’ll make it.
e.g.You will make it if you don’t give up.
e.g. He’s never really made it as an actor.
【词汇拓展】
e.g. Let’s make it at seven o’clock on Tuesday morning at my office.
e.g. You needn’t worry, he will make it.
3.Instead of recovering at home, she was out having fun with someone else.
她没有在家休养,而是出去和别人一起玩。
【词汇精讲】在本句中recover用作不及物动词,意为“恢复健康;恢复常态”;还
可以用作及物动词,意为“全额收回;寻回;重新获得;恢复,重新控制”。
e.g. It is said that humour not only affects patients’ moods,but also helps them recover faster.
e.g. We recovered lost time by setting out early.
e.g. He managed to recover the deleted files.
【词汇拓展】
recover from...从……中恢复 recover oneself某人恢复知觉
recover sth重新获得/找回某物 recovery n.恢复;复苏;痊愈
make a recovery from...从……中恢复
e.g. Even though he was hurt seriously in the car accident, he finally made a recovery from it.
4.I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day, and I still don’t feel like responding to any of her online messages.
我很生气,在学校一整天都躲着她,并且我仍然不想回复她的任何在线信息。
【词汇精讲】在本句中respond用作不及物动词,意为“回答,回应”,还可以意为
“作出反应,响应”。
e.g.No explanation is needed as to why you don’t respond.
【词汇拓展】
(1)respond to sth对……作出反应/回答
(2)response n.回答,响应,反应
in response to...作为对……的反应
make a quick response to...对……作出很快的反应
responsible adj.有责任的;可依靠的;负责的
be responsible for sth/sb对……负责
4.I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day, and I still don’t feel like responding to any of her online messages.
我很生气,在学校一整天都躲着她,并且我仍然不想回复她的任何在线信息。
【句式剖析】句中的so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,so为副词,that 为
连词,引导结果状语从句。
e.g. She’s kind and patient,and she explains English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it!
e.g.The moon is so far away from the earth that it looks rather small.
【句式拓展】
e.g.There were so many people in the room that I couldn’t get into it.
e.g. This is such an interesting book that all the students in our class want to read it.
=This is so interesting a book that all the students in our class want to read it.
5.The stress of this situation is killing me, and I’m at a loss what to do next.
这种情况的压力简直要了我的命,我不知道下一步该怎么办。
【词汇精讲】在本句中loss用作名词,意为“失去,丧失”,还可以意为
“亏损;去世;损失”。
e.g. He was at a loss what to do.
【词汇拓展】
(1)at a loss不知所措,困惑
(2)lose v.丢失;损失,丧失
lose face丢脸 lose weight减肥
(3)lost adj.丢失的,丧失的;迷失的
be lost in陷入……
6.Don’t be so quick to judge your friend.
不要急于评判你的朋友。
【词汇精讲】judge在本句中用作动词,意为“评价,(尤指)批评;判断,认为”;
还可以用作名词,意为“法官;裁判员”。
e.g. The judge had a reputation for complete objectivity.
e.g.Don’t judge a person by his appearance.
【词汇拓展】
(1)judge...from...根据……判断……
judging from/by...根据……判断
(2)judgment n.判断,判决书
make a judgment 作判断
(3)judging by/from 为独立主格结构作状语,此处的judging 一般不用judged形式。
e.g. On the one hand I admire his gifts, but on the other hand I distrust his judgement.
7.Perhaps she knows she’s in the wrong and wants to apologize, or maybe she has a simple explanation for her behaviour.
也许她知道自己错了,想要道歉,或者她对自己的行为有一个简单的解释。
【词汇精讲】在本句中apologize用作不及物动词,意为“道歉,谢罪”,该动词还可以写成apologise。
e.g.I have come to apologize to you.
e.g.I must apologize for the untidy state of the room.
【词汇拓展】
apology n.道歉;认错
apologize (to sb) for (doing)sth因(做)某事(向某人)道歉
apologize for oneself为自己辩解或辩护
accept sb’s apology 接受某人的道歉
owe sb an apology应向某人道歉
make an apology to sb for sth因某事向某人道歉
e.g. I apologize for having taken too much of your time.
e.g. I apologized to her for stepping on her feet.
=I made an apology to her for stepping on her feet.
8.Perhaps she knows she’s in the wrong and wants to apologize,or maybe she has a simple explanation for her behaviour.
也许她知道自己错了,想要道歉,或者她对自己的行为有一个简单的解释。
【词汇精讲】在本句中behaviour用作名词,意为“行为,举止,态度”。
e.g. They observed the behaviour of their new pet.
【词汇拓展】
behave v.(举止或行为)表现
behave well/badly to/towards sb对某人表现好/差
behave oneself守规矩,表现得体
e.g. He is now better behaved.
e.g.Behave yourself in public and you will win the respect of most of us.
e.g.They behaved badly towards the guests,which made us very disappointed.
9.In any case,find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.
无论如何,找个机会和她进行一次充分而坦诚的谈话。
【词汇精讲】在本句中case用作名词,意为“具体情况,事例”,还可以意为“案件;容器”。
e.g. A decade of presenting cases in court gave her the confidence to sing for a crowd.
【词汇拓展】
(1)in case 万一,以防万一
in case of...假使……/万一……
in any case无论如何,总之
in this/that case如果这样/那样的话,在这种/那种情况下
in no case 决不
in the case of...就……来说
as is often the case这是常有的事
as the case may/might be看情况,视情况而定
(2)①in case后跟从句时,不能用that连接。
②case表示情况,若有定语从句修饰,后面的定语从句多用where引导,类似的词还有:situation,point,position,stage等。
③in no case置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装结构。
e.g. As is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.
10.However,if your friend ignores your feelings or makes you suffer,it’s time to rethink your relationship.
然而,如果你的朋友忽视你的感受或者让你痛苦,那就要重新考虑你们的关系了。
【词汇精讲】在本句中ignore用作及物动词,意为“忽视,对……不予理会”。
e.g.The interests of the peasants were often ignored in the past.
e.g.If you ignore your diet,trouble will follow.
【词汇拓展】
ignorance n.无知;愚昧
out of ignorance 出于无知
ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的
be ignorant of 不了解;不知情
e.g. Sometimes children do dangerous things out of ignorance.
11.However,if your friend ignores your feelings or makes you suffer,it’s time to rethink your relationship.
然而,如果你的朋友忽视你的感受或者让你痛苦,那就要重新考虑你们的关系了。
【词汇精讲】在本句中suffer用作不及物动词,意为“受苦,受折磨;变差”,还可以
用作及物动词,意为“遭受,蒙受”。
e.g.I think she suffered a lot in the African forest.
【词汇拓展】
suffer from遭受;患病
suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏
suffering n.痛苦;苦恼;让人痛苦的事
sufferer n.患难者;患病者
e.g. Many people suffered from this terrible disease and lost their lives.
e.g. Don’t worry!The animal won’t suffer any pain.
11.However,if your friend ignores your feelings or makes you suffer, it’s time to rethink your relationship.
然而,如果你的朋友忽视你的感受或者让你痛苦,那就要重新考虑你们的关系了。
【句式剖析】本句是一个主从复合句,if引导条件状语从句,主句是it’s time to
do sth“该是做……的时候了”的结构。
e.g. Please collect your things and get ready. It’s time to go aboard the train.
【句式拓展】
(1)it is (about/high) time (that) sb did/should do sth是某人该做某事的时候了
(2)it is (about/high) time (for sb) to do sth是(某人)该做某事的时候了
【点拨】
①句式(1)中,that(可省略)从句中用动词的过去式或用“should + 动词原形”,should不可省略;
②句式(2)中如果有for sb可以和句式(1)换用。
③it/this/that is the first time that sb have done sth某人第一次做某事
=it is the first time for sb to do sth
=sb do sth for the first time
e.g. I was very excited because this was the first time I had seen wildlife.
Jenny is talking to her classmate Carl about Amy. Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below.
B1
misunderstand v. 误解
mis-：错的，错误的
eg mistake, mislead
explode v. 爆发；迸发
explode with/into
explode with laughter
contact vt. & n. 联系，联络
【拓展】
①be/stay/keep in contact with sb
②have contact with
③make contact with
④get in contact with
⑤lose contact with
⑥social contact
⑦human contact
⑧face-to-face contact
Jenny is talking to her classmate Carl about Amy. Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below.
B1
apologize ignore horrible in the wrong
recover respond let go of at a loss
Carl: Hi, Jenny! It looks like you’re under a lot of stress. What’s wrong
Jenny: I feel (1) _______. Amy misunderstood me. She is really angry and I’m
(2) _______what to do.
Carl: What happened between you two
Jenny: Amy felt like watching a film last Saturday but the plan was cancelled because I was ill. I spent the morning (3) __________at home. Then I got a call from a friend whom I hadn’t contacted for a long time. She asked me out for coffee.
horrible
at a loss
recovering
Carl: So you went to meet her
Jenny: Yes, I did. When Amy found out, she exploded with anger. I wanted to explain, but she just kept (4) ___________me. I sent her several messages, but she never (5) ___________. I really don’t want to (6) ___________our friendship. Do you think I should (7) _________
Carl: No, you aren’t (8) _____________. But you should talk to her
face to face. Amy is a generous person. She’ll understand.
apologize ignore horrible in the wrong
recover respond let go of at a loss
ignoring
responded
let go of
apologize
in the wrong
Collocation
together
place
Collocation refers to a group of two or more words that usually go together.
Improve your fluency
Make your English sound natural and idiomatic
Why it is important to learn collocations
“Friend” and “friendship” appear in the forum exchange as part of different collocations. Read the examples below and add more collocations.
B2
form a friendship
lose a friendship
develop a friendship
a friendship lasts
a friendship exists
a lifelong friendship
a deep friendship
my close friend
an old friend
a new friend
become friends
lose friends
stay friends
win friends
The forum exchange uses contrastive linking words to join sentences. Find the sentences in the exchange and improve the short paragraph below using proper linking words.
B3
Learn this
We use linking words like instead and however to show contrast.
This way, sentences become more structured. Here are more common contrastive linking words: on the other hand, yet, but, while, though, although, still, etc.
Contrastive linking words and phrases in the text:
(Lines 5-6) But last Saturday, she broke my heart, and I'm still picking up
the pieces.
(Lines 7-8) But in the morning, my friend posted a message on social
media saying she had a cold.
(Line 11) Today, however, I received a horrible surprise.
(Line 18) But this friendship is worth saving: eight years is a long time!
(Lines 27-28) However, if your friend ignores your feelings or makes you
suffer, it's time to rethink your relationship.
(Lines 29-30) It's sad to move on, but you have to accept that friends come
and go in life.
There are many important things in life. Not everyone agrees on which is the most important. Some people say health. Others say things like a good job. For me, the most important thing in life is friendship. I cannot imagine living without it.
There are many important things in life, but not everyone agrees on which is the most important. Some people say health, while others say things like a good job. Yet for me, the most important thing in life is friendship. I cannot imagine living without it.
Sample
Fill in the blanks and retell the passage.
Amy and her best friend 1._________ (be) close for eight years. They planned to see a film, but her best friend told her that she had 2._______ cold. However, Amy’s classmate found her 3._______ (chat) with another girl in a café. She felt she 4.___________ (cheat). Amy was so angry 5._______ Amy avoided her during school all day,and Amy still don’t feel like 6.___________ (respond) to any of her online messages. The stress of this situation is killing her, and she is at a loss what 7._______ (do) next. Cindy suggested Amy doing her best to save the friendship by having a full talk with her 8._______ (frank).
However, David advised Amy to let go of 9._______ (they) friendship if she really felt 10._______ (hurt).
have been
a
chatting
was cheated
that
responding
to do
frankly
their
hurt(共20张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 2
Grammar and usage
(1) People have close friends.
(2) People naturally enjoy their company.
Compare the following sentences and read them aloud.
People who have close friends naturally enjoy their company.
Restrictive Relative Clause（限制性定语从句）
新 课 导 入
课 堂 学 习
Below is a magazine article on friendship in the modern age. Find the sentences with restrictive relative clauses in the article and fill in the box below. The first one has been done for you.
A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just the face that we show to the world. Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship.
We may be able to make many friends online, but these friendships can be quite shallow. Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love. Texting and messaging cannot take the place of face-to-face chatting.
"Sharing"our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us. "Liking"our friends' photos online does not develop the connection which we share. To make friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person.
A Exploring the rules
①A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.
②A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.
③A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just the face that we show to the
world.
④...the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship.
⑤Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love.
⑥“Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values
which matter most to us.
⑦“Liking” our friends’ photos online does not develop the connection which we
share.
Working out the rules
A restrictive relative clause modifies a noun, pronoun or noun phrase before it. We use relative pronouns or relative adverbs to introduce restrictive relative clauses.
We use (1) ________ for things, and (2) ________ and whom for people. We can use (3) _______ for both things and people. We use (4) _________ to show possession.
which
who
that
whose
限制性定语从句（restrictive relative clause）指修饰名词、代词或名词短语的从句，对所修饰的对象加以限制，表示“……的（人）”或“…的（物）”。从句不可去掉，一旦去掉主句的意思则不完整。
被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语称为先行项或先行词
引导定语从句的词叫关系词，包括关系代词关系副词。
由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句
定语从句可由关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that引导
关系代词的指代与在从句中充当的成分
关系代词 指代的先行词 充当从句的成分
who 人 主、宾
whom 人 宾
which 物 主、宾
that 人或物 主、宾 、表
whose 人或物 定语
1. who指人, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语。
作宾语时，可省略。
判断下列句中who在定语从句中所作的成分
①The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.
②A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。
e.g. The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Liu.
宾
主
3. which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。作宾语时可省略。
判断下列句中which在定语从句中所作的成分
①These are the trees which were planted last year.
②This recorder (which) he is using is made in Japan.
③This is the place which is worth visiting.
主
宾
主
判断下列句中that在定语从句中所作的成分
①This is the reason (that) he told me.
②The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.
③This is the only way (that) we can find at present.
④He is no longer the simple-minded man (that)
he was five years ago.
4. that指人、物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
作宾语或表语时，可省略。
宾
主
宾
表
5. whose引导的定语从句，既可修饰人，也可修饰物，
whose在从句中作定语。
①I sat next to a girl whose name is Diana.
②The club whose members are music fans meet in the
school garden every Saturday.
① 先行词中有人又有物时。
e.g. Do you know the things and persons that they are
talking about
只能用that不能用which的情况:
②先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some,
any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。
e.g. This is all that I want from the school.
③先行词被only, just, very, right, last等修饰时。
e.g. This is the very book that I have been looking for these days.
④当先行词被最高级修饰时。
e.g. The TV tower is the highest building that has
been built in this city.
⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。
e.g. The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
找出下列复合句中只能用that，不用which连接的定语从句（√） 。
1. In China, parents always do everything ______ they can to support
their children.
2. This is the place ______ we visited yesterday.
3. It was the largest map ______I ever saw.
4. This is the last thing ______ I want to do.
5. He was looking pleasantly at the children and
parcels ______ filled his bus.
6. Chatting is the only thing ______ interests her most.
√
√
√
√
√
Rewrite the following sentences using restrictive relative clauses.
B1
B Applying the rules
1. Common interests provide rich ground. Many friendships grow from rich ground.
Common interests provide rich ground _______________________________.
2. When friends’ communication is warm and open, friendships grow best.
Friendships grow best between friends _______________________________.
3. Friendships are like flowers. These flowers need to be taken good care of.
Friendships are like flowers_______________________________.
from which many friendships grow
whose communication is warm and open
which/that need to be taken good care of
4. A relationship with a true friend will surely produce fruit. You can count on
a true friend.
A relationship with a true friend _____________________________ will
surely produce fruit.
5. You have been helped by others. To make friends, you should help others in
the same way.
To make friends, you should help others the way
__________________________________________.
(whom/that/ who) you can count on
that you have been helped by others
The passage below is about friendship in a great plete the passage with correct relative pronouns where necessary.
B2
In Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the friendship (1) ___________ forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book, though they appear to be an unlikely pair. Huck is a poor white boy(2) ________ father often beats him, while Jim is a black slave (3) _________ longs to be free. One day, Huck runs away from home to an island. There he meets Jim and makes friends with him. Then they leave the island together on a raft (4) __________ they find on the Mississippi River. They head north to Illinois, a state in (5) ______ Jim can become free. The high point of the story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of whether to hand Jim over to some slave catchers.
In the end, Huck decides that Jim is a friend (6) _________________ he needs and values, and refuses to give him up. From this story we can see that friends are people (7) ________ support you through thick and thin.
Are Huck Finn and Jim true friends Why do you think so
which/that
whose
who/that
(which/that)
which
(whom/ who/ that)
who/that
In pairs, describe a friend of yours using restrictive relative clauses. Use the example below to help you.
B3
My best friend is Owen. I met him at a Reading Club meeting (which/that) we both attended. We have the same taste in books, and we often spend hours discussing novels (which/that) we’ve both read. I must say, he’s one of the smartest people (that) I have ever met.
Example
My best friend is Hannah. I met her in a park in which I play badminton. One day, the friend who I normally play with had to go home early, and I was about to leave too. That was the moment when Hannah came up to me and asked if I wanted to play with her, We got on really well and soon became close friends. I know she is someone that I can rely on in times of difficulty.
A Sample
Summarize the general rules of restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns(definition, structure and usage of relative pronouns).(共14张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 5
Project & Assessment
单 元 复 习
Say the meaning of these words or phrases as quickly as possible!
sight
apologize
judge
make it
recover
have trouble(in) doing
reflection
respond
suffer
respect
behaviour
In any case
at a loss
Review
ignore
brings out
measure
seek
be meant to do
comfort
escape
benefit
take on
recognize
单 元 复 习
What are the general rules of restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns (definition, structure and usage )
Review
限制性定语从句（restrictive relative clause）指修饰名词、代词或名词短语的从句，对所修饰的对象加以限制，表示“……的（人）”或“…的（物）”。从句不可去掉，一旦去掉主句的意思则不完整。
被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语称为先行项或先行词;
引导定语从句的词叫关系词，包括关系代词关系副词。
由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句
定语从句可由关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that引导
关系代词的指代与在从句中充当的成分
关系代词 指代的先行词 充当从句的成分
who 人 主、宾
whom 人 宾
which 物 主、宾
that 人、物 主、宾、表
whose 人或物 定语
单 元 复 习
何时可以省略
单 元 复 习
只能用that不能用which的情况:
关系代词的用法
① 先行词中有人又有物时。
②先行词为不定代词all, one, few, little, no, some,
any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。
③先行词被only, just, very, right, last等修饰时。
④当先行词被最高级修饰时。
⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。
课 堂 学 习
Do you know the name of it
A scrapbook
A scrapbook is a book with empty pages where you can stick pictures, newspaper articles, or other things you want to keep.
Let’s make a scrapbook about friendship.
songs stories poems films books ...
Step 1: Choose one aspect.
As a class, discuss what aspects should be included in a scrapbook about friendship. You can use the ideas below or think of other ideas. Then in groups, pick one aspect to research.
Searching for information from different sources
You can use the library, the Internet and other sources to search for the information you need. Remember to:
check the date of the information you find, whether printed or online;
check the source of the information you find: generally speaking, information from official sources can be trusted.
Step 2: Research the chosen aspect.
As a group, research your chosen aspect. You should also explain what you think of the stories, poems, etc.
Tip
Step 3: As a group, put together your information to make your
part of the scrapbook. Use the example below to help you.
Can you summarize what can be presented on the page
Supporting information/evidence
Your comments
Illustrations/pictures
1. Decide on a theme
2. Searching for information
3. Content
4. Illustrations/pictures
Supporting information/evidence
Your comments
Summary
How to make a scrapbook
1
4
2
3
Further thinking
What are the characteristics of a scrapbook
Original
Well-organized
Beautifully designed
Step 4: Present your part to the rest of the class. Then as a class,
put all the parts together to make the scrapbook.
A In pairs, rank your performance level in the following areas from 1 to 5. Write down your own assessment in the column "Me"and ask your partner to write down his/her assessment of your performance in the column "Partner".
B If improvement is required for some of the areas above, make an action plan.
Assessment(共23张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 3
Integrated skills
新 课 导 入
Free Talk
What’s the meaning of friendship
Forgiving
Reliable
Interesting
Nice
Encouraging
Devoted
Sincere
Helpful
Independent
Patient
FRIENDSHIP
1 Tim does not have enough time for his schoolwork.
2 Tim is not sure what he wants to be in the future.
3 Tim has found his Maths homework quite difficult recently.
4 Tim is unhappy because he has no friends who can help him.
5 Tim does not understand some key points in his Chinese classes.
6 Tim is having difficulty with the reading task his Chinese teacher has given him.
课 堂 学 习
Tim is talking to his friend Patrick about his problems. Listen and finish the exercises below.
A
Pre listening
Tip: Go through the sentences first and circle the key information.
A1 Listen to Patrick and Tim's conversation and tick Tim's
problems in the boxes below.
While listening
A1
Listen to Patrick and Tim's conversation and tick Tim's problems in the boxes below.
1 Tim does not have enough time for his schoolwork.
2 Tim is not sure what he wants to be in the future.
3 Tim has found his Maths homework quite difficult recently.
4 Tim is unhappy because he has no friends who can help him.
5 Tim does not understand some key points in his Chinese classes.
6 Tim is having difficulty with the reading task his Chinese teacher has given him.
√
√
√
√
A2 Listen to Patrick and Tim's conversation again and
complete the notes below.
How Patrick helps Tim
Cheering Tim up by using positive language
Ask him not to (1) ____________.
Express his confidence in him.
Offering to (2)___________________ together with Tim
Find out how much time Tim should spend on (3)____________.
Find out how much time Tim should spend on Maths and Chinese.
Planning to help Tim with his (4) _____________
Meet after school and go over (5) ___________________ together.
______________ (6) to make sure Tim doesn’t miss anything important.
Do some reading together (7) _______________.
worry
make a timetable
his project
schoolwork
the challenging parts
Compare notes
at the weekend
Reading
Read Patrick’s diary entry on Page 37 and underline his idea of what makes a good friend.
B
4 November
Dear Diary
Tim and I talked a lot about his problems today, and I'm so glad that I could help my best friend. It also left me thinking about what it really means to be a"good friend". In my opinion, the following qualities form the basis of a friendship.
A good friend needs to be supportive. I can see that Tim is having trouble balancing his project and his schoolwork, and I can see that both are important to him. I must respect and support the choices he makes. I should also encourage him to take action to get over these difficulties.
A good friend also needs to be selfless. Tim is someone whom I should try my best to help, even if it means more work for me. When he's struggling with his schoolwork, I should do all I can to help him become a more efficient learner. It'll take up some of my spare time, but this friendship is worth my extra time and effort. I'm sure that Tim would do the same for me.
To me, a good friend brings out the best in a person. And I think Tim is the one who brings out the best in me. Through our conversation today, I know that our friendship will grow stronger than ever. I'll always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure myself by these standards as our friendship develops.
Underline his idea of what makes a good friend.
1. What’s the topic of this diary entry
What it really means to be a “good friend”.
2. What’s the function of Paragraph 1 of the diary
As an introduction to the whole diary entry.
3. How is each paragraph developed
The first sentence is used as a topic sentence, which is followed by supporting details.
Summarize the structure of Patrick’s diary.
Thinking
Para. 1 Introduction: qualities forming the basis of a friendship.
Support the opinion by giving facts and examples.
Para. 4
Be able to bring out the best in a person.
Para. 3
Be selfless.
Para. 2
Be supportive.
Pair work
In pairs, discuss what qualities are important to you in a friend. Use the following ideas and expressions to help you. Include examples from your personal experience.
C
Qualities of a good friend
Selfless
Honest
and open
Patient
Supportive
Helpful
Humorous
and fun
...
Expressions
Giving examples
For example/For instance, ...
Take my experience as an example.
Let me give you a few examples of ...
...is/provides a good example.
Once, I read a news story about/heard about...
Write a diary entry about what makes a good friend. Use your ideas from part C and the information in parts A and B to help you.
D
Writing
Learning about the text type
A diary entry is a record of a person’s experience, thoughts, feelings or plans. As a personal form of writing, a diary entry is generally not meant to be read by anyone else.
Learning about the format
When you write a diary entry, you can write the date in the top left-hand corner of
the page and begin with “Dear Diary”.
Learning about the language
Try to use informal English, as if you were talking to a close friend. The first person “I” is often used in a diary entry.
Planning your writing
Checking your writing
Remember to check your writing after you finish and exchange drafts between you and your partner. Pay attention to the following aspects:
□ Punctuation □ Spelling □ Grammar
□ Choice of words □ Style (formal/informal) □ Structure
Self-review
What qualities of a good friend do you mention in your writing
Do the examples support your opinion
Peer review
What suggestions does your partner give
What changes can you make accordingly
A Sample
21 November
Dear Diary,
Friendship is very important to me. In my opinion, there are certain qualities that are very important in a friend.
First, a good friend should be humorous. Nothing makes spending time together more fun than a friend who makes you laugh. My best friend is a funny girl. I feel happy when I listen to her talking. We laugh at the funny scenes in the films, we laugh at each other’s silly mistakes, and we laugh at ourselves as well. No true friendship can grow unless the people involved are able to laugh together.
Second, a close friend should also be trustworthy. A true friend has to be someone you can trust with your secrets. Whenever I feel low, my best friend has a way to break through my tears. She was the one I turned to when I got a low mark in maths, when I lost the game in the school sports meeting, and when I had a big argument with my parents.
Finally, a true friend should be honest. A good friend must be able to tell you the truth not only when you are right, but also when you are wrong. Without this, the friendship will only ever exist on the surface and never develop a deeper meaning. In fact, I am glad that my friend can always point out what I have done wrong. I might be upset at first, but when I realize that she is like a mirror which honestly reflects my mistakes, I have to admit that this friendship makes me a better person.
Generally speaking, a true friend will have all three of these qualities. A friendship where both parties have all of these qualities will surely be a long-lasting relationship. It will enrich the lives of both friends.
Language points
1.I can see that Tim is having trouble balancing his project and his schoolwork, and I can see that both are important to him.
我可以看出蒂姆在平衡他的项目和他的学业上遇到了困难,并且我可以看出这两者对他来说都很重要。
【词汇精讲】have trouble(in) doing sth意为“做某事有困难/麻烦”,其中的in
可以省略。
e.g. Many parents frankly admit that they have trouble bringing up their children.
e.g. I can speak a little Chinese,but I have trouble reading and writing Chinese characters.
【词汇拓展】
in trouble在危险、受罚、忧虑的处境中
out of trouble摆脱麻烦;脱离困境
get into trouble陷入困境;遇到麻烦
get sb into/out of trouble使某人陷入/摆脱困境
take the trouble to do sth不辞辛劳做某事;费神做某事
have trouble with sth做某事有困难/麻烦
e.g.The retired teacher took the trouble to help the students with their English.
e.g.Don’t mention my name, or you can get me into trouble.
2.I must respect and support the choices he makes.
我必须尊重和支持他做的选择。
【词汇精讲】respect 作动词时意为“尊重;尊敬”,另外respect 还可以表示“遵守”。作名词时意为“尊敬,敬意;重视”。
e.g. It is about time tour operators respected the law and their own code of conduct.
【词汇拓展】
respect sb for sth因某事而尊重某人
have/show respect for sb尊重某人
out of respect for...出于对……的尊敬;顾及
The old man is highly respected for his devotion to education.
It is important for us students to show respect for our teachers.
A welcome party will be held out of respect for the distinguished guests.
3.Tim is someone whom I should try my best to help, even if it means more work for me.
蒂姆是我应该尽力帮助的人,即使这意味着我有更多的工作要做。
【句式剖析】even if = even though意为“即使;虽然”,是连词词组,用来
引导让步状语从句。
e.g. Even if/though I am busy with my lessons, I have managed to find time to be with my friends.
【句式拓展】
(1)在even if/though引导的让步状语从句中,如果主句和从句都表示将来的动作,从句要用一般现在时来表示将来时。
e.g. I will go to the beach even if/though it rains tomorrow.
(2)在even if/though引导的让步状语从句中,如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可以把从句的主语和be动词省略。
e.g.The man is so strange that he never speaks even if (he is) asked to.
4.And I think Tim is the one who brings out the best in me.
我认为是蒂姆激发出了我最好的一面。
【词汇精讲】在本句中bring out意为“使显现,使表现出”。
e.g. Crisis brought out the best in her.
【词汇拓展】
bring about带来;引来;造成
bring along使发展;促使成长
bring down打落;击落;降低
bring forth生产;产出
bring forward提出;把……提前
bring in带来;引来;引进
bring up 抚养;教育;提出;呕吐
5.I’ll always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure myself by these standards as our friendship develops.
我将永远珍视好朋友的这些品质,在我们的友谊发展的过程中,试着用这些标准来衡量我自己。
【词汇精讲】measure作为动词,意义为“估量,判定;测量”;measure作连系动词,意为“有……长/宽/高”。measure还可以作名词用,意为“措施;衡量”。
e.g.They measured the height of the ceiling.
e.g.The pond measures about 10 metres across.
e.g.If this measure fails, there are other methods we could fall back on.
【词汇拓展】
measure...by...用……来衡量……
make...to one’s measure按某人的尺寸做(衣服等)
take measures to do sth采取措施做某事
in some measure 在某种程度上
economy measures 节约措施
economic measures 经济措施
measurement n.测量
How to describe the qualities of a good friend
