北京市西城区2023—2024学年度第一学期期末试卷
高一英语
本试卷共16页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答， 在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后， 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷 (共 75 分)
Ⅰ. 听力理解(共三节，22. 5 分)
第一节: (共 4 小题; 每小题 1. 5 分，共 6 分)
听下面四段对话， 每段对话后有一道小题， 从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. What does the man enjoy doing in his spare time
A. Drawing and painting.
B. Playing the piano.
C. Going to concerts.
2. Who may help with the computer problems
A. Jason. B. Alice. C. Henry.
3. How long does it take to get to the shopping center by bus
A. 15 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. 30 minutes.
4. What does the man like best about Dr. Miller
A. His class is interesting.
B. He helps students set goals.
C. He is understanding and friendly.
听下面三段对话， 每段对话后有两道小题， 从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。
听第 5 段材料，回答第 5 至第 6 小题。
5. When will the birthday party beheld
A. On Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. On Monday.
6. What will the man do to prepare for the party
A. Find the restaurant. B. Buy decorations. C. Invite friends.
听第 6 段材料，回答第 7 至第 8 小题。
7. What’s the man’s purpose in exercising every week
A. To lose weight. B. To build muscle. C. To recover from an injury.
8. What is the woman’s job
A. A coach. B. A receptionist. C. A saleswoman.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 9 至第 10 小题。
9. Why does the man feel stressed
A. The classmates are hard-working.
B. The teachers are demanding.
C. The courses are difficult.
10. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Learn from his classmates.
B. Spend more time in learning.
C. Find suitable learning methods.
第三节： (共 5 小题;每小题 1. 5 分，共 7. 5 分)
听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第 11 题至第 15 题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。
Tips on how to increase general knowledge
Get into a 11 of reading Get a membership at the 12 public library Buy an e-reader to download reasonably priced books and articles
Socialize with more people Join a book 13 or a social group Meet up with your friends for coffee or tea and 14________ anything new you’ve learned
Use technology well Watch television: try watching news and 15 _______programs Use search engines
II. 完形填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1. 5 分，共 22. 5 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意， 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One spring morning, my husband was in the yard cutting down an overgrown tree.
He then ___1___ it across the front yard and put it on a pile of wood.
I was inside the house tending to some things, when suddenly he came into the house, looking ___2___ and said, “I’m not sure if I should tell you this. ”
“What ”I said, totally expecting the very worst.
“Just come with me, ” he said. I ___3___ him out to the yard. He pointed. “There, ” he said.
In front of us were four baby birds in the tree branches, having fallen out of their nest (巢) during the terrible ride, ___4___ amazingly all still alive.
I immediately picked them up and made a “nest” in the front of my T-shirt. My husband just looked at me and said, “You won’t be able to keep them ___5___. You have never nursed a bird back to health before. ”
Luckily, we were able to find the nest in the center of the tree. I placed the baby birds inside the nest. They had no feathers (羽毛), so these tiny birds had no protection ___6___ the sun. I thought they wouldn’t make it through the day. As we stood far enough away from the nest, I wondered if their mother would ever find and ___7___ them as her own.
I couldn’t believe it! Within a few minutes, a Blue Jay flew in and was jumping around the nest. She then flew up to the nest and ___8___ herself on her babies, spreading her wings to ___9___ them. And soon, the father joined the ___10___ and continued his task of bringing food to the family while she warmed and kept the baby birds safe.
On one rainy day, I remember seeing her wings were spread especially wide across the nest. It was a ___11___ sight, to see how a bird with a tiny brain, the size of the tip of my little finger, still had the will to so deeply ___12___ her babies.
Then one day, all four baby birds jumped out of the nest and were gone. The parents had done their job and now the youngsters were ___13___ to go make nests of their own.
I ended up ___14___ that nest. Whenever I look at it, it reminds me to never give up no matter how bad things look, and be inspired by the inner___15___ of the Blue Jay parents to provide for their family.
1. A. dragged B. planted C. kicked D. threw
2. A. disappointed B. cheerful C. serious D. angry
3. A. led B. forced C. invited D. followed
4. A. when B. so C. but D. or
5. A. awake B. alive C. active D. alone
6. A. against B. of C. above D. for
7. A. pick B. study C. guide D. recognize
8. A. warmed B. calmed C. settled D. helped
9. A. hide B. cover C. separate D. remove
10. A. reunion B. celebration C. chance D. event
11. A. lively B. touching C. funny D. common
12. A. depend on B. look into C. believe in D. care for
13. A. ready B. afraid C. curious D. unwilling
14. A. discovering B. decorating C. saving D. making
15. A. beauty B. joy C. peace D. strength
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者家在砍掉院子里的树时发现了一窝小鸟，窝里有四只小鸟宝宝，他们在树中央找到了鸟巢，把小鸟宝宝放在巢里，并且目睹了小鸟的父母为了养育小鸟所付出的一系列努力，感到很感动。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他把它拖过前院，放在一堆木头上。A. dragged拖拉；B. planted种植；C. kicked踢腿；D. threw扔。根据上文“One spring morning, my husband was in the yard cutting down an overgrown tree.(一个春天的早晨，我丈夫正在院子里砍一棵长得太大的树)”可知，此处指把树拖过院子，it指代上文的tree。故选A。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我正在屋里处理一些事情，这时他突然走进来，神情严肃地说：“我不确定我是否应该告诉你这件事。”A. disappointed失望的；B. cheerful欢快的；C. serious严肃的；D. angry生气的。根据后文“In front of us were four baby birds in the tree branches, having fallen out of their nest during the terrible ride, but amazingly all still alive.(在我们前面的树枝上有四只小鸟宝宝，它们在可怕的旅程中从巢里掉了下来，但令人惊讶的是它们都还活着)”可知，作者的丈夫要和作者说发现小鸟的事情，所以表情严肃。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟着他到了院子里。A. led带领；B. forced迫使；C. invited邀请；D. followed跟随。根据后文“him out to the yard”可知，作者跟着丈夫来到院子里。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在我们前面的树枝上有四只小鸟宝宝，它们在可怕的旅程中从巢里掉了下来，但令人惊讶的是它们都还活着。A. when当……时候；B. so所以；C. but但是；D. or或者。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫看着我说：“你无法让他们活下去。”A. awake醒着的；B. alive活着的；C. active活跃的；D. alone孤独的。根据后文“You have never nursed a bird back to health before.(你以前从来没有哺育过一只鸟使它恢复健康)”可知，丈夫认为作者无法让小鸟存活。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：它们没有羽毛，所以这些小鸟没有遮阳的保护。A. against反对；B. of属于；C. above在……以上；D. for为了。根据上文“They had no feathers, so these tiny birds had no protection”可知，小鸟们还没有羽毛，所以这些小鸟没有遮阳的保护。protection against表示“防护措施”。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们站在离鸟巢足够远的地方时，我想知道它们的妈妈是否会发现并认出它们是她自己的。A. pick捡起；B. study学习；C. guide指导；D. recognize识别。根据上文“their mother would ever find and”可知，作者想让小鸟的妈妈认出自己小鸟，故选D。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她飞到巢上，把自己放在她的孩子身上，展开翅膀盖住他们。A. warmed温暖；B. calmed平静；C. settled安置，解决；D. helped帮助。根据后文“herself on her babies, spreading her wings to”以及常识，鸟妈妈用身体覆盖住小鸟，保护幼崽。故选C。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她飞到巢上，把自己放在她的孩子身上，展开翅膀盖住他们。A. hide隐藏；B. cover覆盖；C. separate分开；D. remove去除。根据上文“spreading her wings to”可知，展开翅膀是为了覆盖住小鸟，从而保护它们。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久，父亲加入了团聚，继续他的任务，为家庭带来食物，而她则温暖并保护幼鸟的安全。A. reunion团聚；B. celebration庆祝；C. chance机会；D. event事件。根据上文可知，鸟妈妈认出了自己的孩子，飞过来保护小鸟，而小鸟的父亲也来了，加入了团聚。故选A。
【11题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到一只大脑只有我小指尖那么小的鸟，仍然有意愿如此深切地照顾她的孩子，真是令人感动。A. lively活泼的；B. touching动人的；C. funny有趣的；D. common普遍的。根据后文“to see how a bird with a tiny brain, the size of the tip of my little finger, still had the will to so deeply”可知，作者看到小鸟虽然体积小，但是仍然愿意照顾自己的孩子，这一场景令人感动。故选B。
【12题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：看到一只大脑只有我小指尖那么小的鸟，仍然有意愿如此深切地照顾她的孩子，真是令人感动。A. depend on依靠；B. look into调查；C. believe in相信；D. care for照料。根据上文“herself on her babies, spreading her wings to”可知，小鸟愿意照顾自己的孩子。故选D。
【13题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父母们完成了他们的任务，现在小鸟们准备去筑巢了。A. ready准备好的；B. afraid害怕的；C. curious好奇的；D. unwilling不情愿的。根据上文“Then one day, all four baby birds jumped out of the nest and were gone.(然后有一天，四只小鸟宝宝都跳出了鸟巢，不见了)”可知，小鸟长大了，准备去筑巢了。故选A。
【14题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最终拯救了那个巢穴。A. discovering发现；B. decorating装饰；C. saving挽救；D. making制作。根据上文可知，作者发现了小鸟，把它们送回了窝里，才最终让这一窝小鸟得以长大，所以是作者拯救了那个巢穴。故选C。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我看到它，它提醒我永远不要放弃，不管事情看起来有多糟糕，并受到蓝冠鸟父母为家庭提供的内在力量的鼓舞。A. beauty美丽；B. joy快乐；C. peace和平；D. strength力量。根据后文“of the Blue Jay parents to provide for their family”以及上文“and continued his task of bringing food to the family while she warmed and kept the baby birds safe”可知，鸟父母为保护自己的孩子付出了努力，提供了力量。故选D。
III. 阅读理解(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，共 30 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Get To Know This Sweet and Spiky Fruit
What Are Rambutans
The rambutan is a tropical fruit native to Malaysia, now grown throughout South East Asia as well as Puerto Rico, Mexico, and Central America. A cousin of the more well-known lychee, both fruits are members of the soapberry family. Rambutans have brownish-pink shells (壳) that are covered in hair-like bristles—in fact, the name rambutan comes from “rambut”, the Malay word for “hair”. The inner white fruit of the rambutan is juicy and sweet. Some say that the rambutan tastes like a sweet green grape.
How to Eat Rambutans
Rambutans are most often enjoyed fresh but also sometimes cooked, used to make rambutan jam. Because of their hard shells, they transport well and are ideal for packed lunches and picnics. They are easily added to cold dishes like fruit salads.
Rambutan Nutrition and Benefits
Rambutans are rich in vitamin C which helps strengthen the immune system and support brain health. Therefore, rambutans make a healthy sweet snack any time of day. Rambutans are low in calories and also rich in fiber (纤维).
Where to Buy Rambutans
Fresh rambutans from abroad can be found in supermarkets nationwide. You can also find rambutans in Chinese and South East Asian markets, both fresh and canned. Though they can be found year round, look for fresh rambutans when they are most plentiful in August and September. When choosing rambutans, pick those that are dark reddish-brown in color. Very pale, light colored rambutans may not be ready to eat.
__________
While you don’t have to immediately put rambutans in a fridge, they will last longer if you do so. To avoid loss of freshness, wrap rambutans in paper and then in a breathable plastic bag.
16. Which are rambutans
A. B.
C. D.
17. Why is the rambutan considered a healthy snack
A The inner white fruit is juicy and sweet. B. It can be enjoyed fresh or cooked.
C. It has a lot of vitamin C. D. It has zero calories.
18. Which is the best heading for the last paragraph
A. When to Save Rambutans B. Where to Keep Rambutans
C. Why to Wrap Rambutans D. How to Store Rambutans
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了红毛丹这种水果的一些情况。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Rambutans have brownish-pink shells (壳) that are covered in hair-like bristles—in fact, the name rambutan comes from “rambut”, the Malay word for “hair”. The inner white fruit of the rambutan is juicy and sweet.(红毛丹有棕红色的外壳，上面覆盖着像头发一样的刚毛——事实上，红毛丹的名字来自“rambut”，马来语的意思是“头发”。红毛丹里面白色的果实多汁又甜)”可知，图片B最符合红毛丹的外表，故选B。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Rambutans are rich in vitamin C which helps strengthen the immune system and support brain health.(红毛丹富含维生素C，有助于增强免疫系统，支持大脑健康)”可知，红毛丹被认为是一种健康的零食是因为它含有大量的维生素C。故选C。
【18题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“While you don’t have to immediately put rambutans in a fridge, they will last longer if you do so. To avoid loss of freshness, wrap rambutans in paper and then in a breathable plastic bag.(虽然你不必马上把红毛丹放进冰箱，但如果你这样做的话，红毛丹会保存得更久。为了避免失去新鲜感，用纸包好红毛丹，然后用透气的塑料袋包好)”可知，最后一段主要关于如何储存红毛丹。故选D。
B
Rudolph plays football for Florida State University. When he was visiting a middle school in Florida one Tuesday, he noticed sixth-grader Leo eating his lunch alone. Rudolph grabbed a couple pieces of pizza and joined Leo at his table.
Leo has autism, a condition that can make it hard to make friends and communicate with other people. His mother always worries about him. Two days later, she saw a picture of Rudolph and Leo eating together and it made her so happy that she cried. Then, she shared the picture on the Internet, along with a message about how thankful she was. The story became popular very quickly.
“We just had a great conversation. He started off telling me his name is Leo telling me how much he loves Florida State. We went from there, ” said Rudolph. “It was really easy. He had a nice smile on his face. Just a really warm person.”
Leo’s mother said that middle school can be hard, and she worries about how other kids will treat her son. “Sometimes I’m thankful for his autism. That may sound like a terrible thing to say, but in some ways I think — I hope — it shields him, ” she said.
“He doesn’t seem to notice when people look at him when he flaps (拍打) his hands,” she said. “He doesn’t seem to notice that he doesn’t get invited to birthday parties. And he doesn’t seem to mind if he eats lunch alone.”
The mother said the photo of Rudolph and Leo’s lunch date helped teach people about autism. “The picture speaks more than a thousand words. You can see how far away the rest of the students are, but you can see how engaged Rudolph is with Leo,” she added.
“I just wanted to go say hi to the kid, because I saw him eating alone. I didn’t even know anybody took a photo of it.” Rudolph said he was glad that the story was helping others.
Leo is excited that Rudolph signed his lunch box, and is enjoying all of the attention. “It’s been awesome. Everyone was so proud of me,” Leo said.
Leo and his mother have been invited to dinner with the football team and possibly to a game.
19. Rudolph chose to eat with Leo because he _______________.
A. knew Leo suffered from autism B. wanted to make friends with Leo
C. promised to sign Leo’s lunchbox D. saw no one sitting at the table with Leo
20. Leo’s mother shared the picture on the Internet to ________________.
A. show her thankfulness B. teach people about autism
C. help her son to become famous D. make the other students feel ashamed
21. What did Leo’s mother mean by saying the sentence underlined in Paragraph 4
A. Autism protects Leo from being treated badly at school.
B. Autism causes Leo to receive positive public attention.
C. Autism makes Leo not realize his social challenges.
D. Autism helps Leo escape from social activities.
22. What can we learn from this passage
A. One good turn deserves another. B. A loss may turn out to be a gain.
C. A little kindness goes a long way. D. Chance favors the prepared mind.
【答案】19. D 20. A 21. C 22. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了鲁道夫在佛罗里达州立大学踢足球，某天他看到利奥独自吃饭，于是选择和他坐在一起。利奥患有自闭症，这种情况会使他很难交朋友，也很难与他人交流。而这一场景被拍摄下来，被利奥的母亲看到了，她十分感动和感激。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When he was visiting a middle school in Florida one Tuesday, he noticed sixth-grader Leo eating his lunch alone. Rudolph grabbed a couple pieces of pizza and joined Leo at his table.(一个星期二，当他参观佛罗里达州的一所中学时，他注意到六年级的里奥独自吃午饭。鲁道夫抓了几块披萨，和利奥一起坐在他的桌子旁)”可知，鲁道夫选择和利奥一起吃饭，因为他看到没有人和利奥坐在一起。故选D。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Two days later, she saw a picture of Rudolph and Leo eating together and it made her so happy that she cried. Then, she shared the picture on the Internet, along with a message about how thankful she was.(两天后，她看到一张鲁道夫和利奥一起吃饭的照片，她高兴得哭了。然后，她在网上分享了这张照片，并留言表示她非常感激)”可知，利奥的妈妈在网上分享了这张照片，以表达她的感激之情。故选A。
【21题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线句后文“That may sound like a terrible thing to say, but in some ways I think — I hope — it shields him”可知，利奥的母亲说自闭症听起来可怕，但是一定程度上保护了利奥，因为自闭症让利奥没有意识到他的社交挑战。故划线句意思是“自闭症使利奥没有意识到他的社交挑战”。故选C。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““I just wanted to go say hi to the kid, because I saw him eating alone. I didn’t even know anybody took a photo of it.” Rudolph said he was glad that the story was helping others.(“我只是想去和那个孩子打个招呼，因为我看到他一个人吃饭。我甚至不知道有人给它拍了照片。”鲁道夫说他很高兴这个故事能帮助到别人)”结合文章主要讲述了鲁道夫在佛罗里达州立大学踢足球，某天他看到利奥独自吃饭，于是选择和他坐在一起。利奥患有自闭症，这种情况会使他很难交朋友，也很难与他人交流。而这一场景被拍摄下来，被利奥的母亲看到了，她十分感动和感激。由此推知，一点善意会大有帮助。故选C。
C
Guardian Angels are people who travel on the New York subways and protect other passengers from criminals (罪犯). They are volunteers: they don’t get paid anything to do this job. The Guardian Angels would never have appeared without a young man named Curtis Sliwa.
Forty-three years ago, if you’d wanted to travel home late at night on the New York subway, you wouldn’t have felt very safe. Luckily, on February 13, 1979, at 3:00 a. m. , the first safety patrol (巡逻)—called The Team—went into action. Curtis Sliwa and his friend Don Chin began to cleanup crime on one of New York’s toughest subway lines, the Number 4 train. However, this was not a job for two, but a job for 13, so thirteen brave people walked into the last car of the Number 4 subway line in New York City—the “Mugger’s Express”. If they saw a danger of violence (暴力), they stopped it, using non-violent means. The group became known as the “Magnificent 13”.
The Magnificent 13 soon went from thirteen members to hundreds and they changed their name to the Guardian Angels Safety Patrol (GASP). At first, GASP faced opposition from the police, but they had the strong support of the public. Today, the Guardian Angels can be found all over the US. If you travel by subway, you will see them wearing red hats and white T-shirts. Although Guardian Angels are not armed, if they’re present, a criminal will think twice before committing a crime.
The Guardian Angels also train young people to join them in their fight against crime. They believe that if they train groups of volunteers to patrol dangerous areas in New York, the city will be safer for everybody. “If we had more volunteers, we would be able to reduce the problems many cities face: violence, crime, and drugs. ”
They have also started after-school training programs inside high schools and community centers. If young people visit the Guardian Angels Headquarters (总部), volunteers will talk to them about their work and will then guide them through the Times Square area. It’s fun. It’s safe and meaningful!
23. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The changes brought by the Magnificent 13.
B. The birth of the Guardian Angels Safety Patrol.
C. The subway lines that the Guardian Angels patrolled.
D. The reason why Curtis Sliwa wanted to stop subway crime.
24. What can we learn from the passage
A. The police influenced the public’s opinions about GASP.
B. Volunteers play an active role in reducing crime in New York.
C. The Magnificent 13 put an end to crime on the Mugger’s Express.
D. The Guardian Angels sometimes turn to violence to keep passengers safe.
25. What can young people do at the Guardian Angels Headquarters
A. Talk to the leader of GASP. B. Take part in training programs.
C. Carry out safety patrols with guides. D. Get educated about the Guardian Angels’work.
26. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To publicize a social service group. B. To call attention to public safety concerns.
C. To introduce Curtis Sliwa’s great contributions. D. To present new ways to reduce crime in society.
【答案】23. B 24. B 25. D 26. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为“守护天使”的组织，他们在纽约地铁上保护其他乘客不受罪犯伤害。文章介绍了这一组织成立的经过以及在打击犯罪方面的贡献。
【23题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Forty-three years ago, if you’d wanted to travel home late at night on the New York subway, you wouldn’t have felt very safe. Luckily, on February 13, 1979, at 3:00 a. m. , the first safety patrol (巡逻)—called The Team—went into action. Curtis Sliwa and his friend Don Chin began to cleanup crime on one of New York’s toughest subway lines, the Number 4 train. However, this was not a job for two, but a job for 13, so thirteen brave people walked into the last car of the Number 4 subway line in New York City—the “Mugger’s Express”. If they saw a danger of violence (暴力), they stopped it, using non-violent means. The group became known as the “Magnificent 13”. (43年前，如果你想在深夜乘坐纽约地铁回家，你不会觉得很安全。幸运的是，1979年2月13日凌晨3点，第一支被称为“团队”的安全巡逻队开始行动。Curtis Sliwa和他的朋友Don Chin开始在纽约最艰难的地铁线路之一，4号线上清理犯罪。然而，这不是两个人的工作，而是13个人的工作，所以13个勇敢的人走进了纽约市地铁4号线的最后一节车厢——“抢劫犯快车”。如果他们看到暴力的危险，他们就会用非暴力的方式制止它。这个组织后来被称为“13伟人”。)”可知，第二段的主要内容是守护天使安全巡逻队的诞生。故选B。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If we had more volunteers, we would be able to reduce the problems many cities face: violence, crime, and drugs. (如果我们有更多的志愿者，我们就能减少许多城市面临的问题：暴力、犯罪和毒品。)”可知，志愿者在减少纽约的犯罪方面发挥了积极的作用。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“If young people visit the Guardian Angels Headquarters (总部), volunteers will talk to them about their work and will then guide them through the Times Square area. (如果年轻人参观守护天使总部，志愿者会和他们谈谈他们的工作，然后引导他们参观时代广场。)”可知，年轻人可以在守护天使总部了解守护天使的工作。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Guardian Angels are people who travel on the New York subways and protect other passengers from criminals (罪犯). They are volunteers: they don’t get paid anything to do this job. The Guardian Angels would never have appeared without a young man named Curtis Sliwa. (守护天使是在纽约地铁上保护其他乘客不受罪犯伤害的人。他们是志愿者：他们做这项工作没有任何报酬。如果没有一个叫柯蒂斯·斯里瓦的年轻人，守护天使就不会出现。)”结合文章主要介绍了一个名为“守护天使”的组织，他们在纽约地铁上保护其他乘客不受罪犯伤害。文章介绍了这一组织成立的经过以及在打击犯罪方面的贡献。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是宣传一个社会服务团体。故选A。
D
Bed rotting — the practice of spending long periods of time just staying under the covers with snacks, screens and other creature comforts — is gaining popularity on social media. Some Generation Z trend followers are now viewing it as a form of self-care, but doctors warn too much could be “sign of depression”. Are these extended breaks really wise for one’s mental health — or could they be a cause for concern
Dr. Ryan Sultan, a professor at Columbia University in New York, who treats many young people, called the bed rotting trend attractive. “In our culture today, with too much to do, too many expectations and too much productivity, many young individuals (个人) are feeling burned out and often aren’t getting enough sleep. It’s easy to see why taking time off to lie around is attractive,” Sultan said. “In many ways, this is beneficial. It’s a chance to get away from real-life problems and clear your head before returning to life in a better state of mind, ” he added.
For the downside, however, he said a long-term need or desire for bed rotting could do harm to one’s physical health. Spending too many daytime hours in bed — awake or not — could destroy sleep schedules. Our brains are fine-tuned for sleep in darkness and alertness in light. Lying in bed half-asleep during the day will worsen sleep schedules — once that happens, it is a challenge to fix. It could also lead to blood pressure problems and obesity (肥胖).
Long-term need or desire for bed rotting could also be a warning sign of depression, according to a mental health expert. Dr. Marc Siegel, professor of medicine at NYU Langone Medical Center and a Fox News medical contributor, agreed that while some downtime can be useful in terms of de-stressing and rejuvenation (更新), too much bed rotting is a bad health practice. In addition to increasing the risk of depression, it contributes to decreased motivation (动力) as well.
Instead of bed rotting, Siegel recommends regular exercise as a better form of de- stressing. While the occasional lazy day can be beneficial, too much could have the opposite effect. If it happens every day, that’s a fairly sensitive test for depression. Those who lack the motivation to get out of bed could also try calling or texting a family member for support, socializing with close friends, finding a small task to complete, or reaching out to a medical professional for help.
27. According to Dr. Ryan Sultan, why do young people like bed rotting
A. They are fond of what is popular on social media. B. They are unwilling to socialize with friends.
C. Bed rotting is away to escape stress. D. Bed rotting helps fix sleep schedules.
28. What does the word “fine-tuned” underlined in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Quickly-activated. B. Well-trained. C. Badly-needed. D. Ill-equipped.
29. What can we learn from the passage
A. Being lazy from time to time can be good for individuals.
B. Sleeping in light can increase the risk of depression.
C. Bed rotting can allow people to avoid expectations.
D. Feeling down leads to decreased motivation.
30. What is the passage mainly talking about
A. Different opinions on how to become motivated.
B. Main causes of the long-term need for bed rotting.
C. Practical suggestions for young people to deal with stress.
D. Possible problems from lying in bed for extended periods of time.
【答案】27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了年轻人喜欢躺尸来逃避压力，但专家指出长期需要或渴望躺尸可能会损害一个人的身体健康。
【27题详解】
推断判断题。根据第二段““In our culture today, with too much to do, too many expectations and too much productivity, many young individuals (个人) are feeling burned out and often aren’t getting enough sleep. It’s easy to see why taking time off to lie around is attractive,” Sultan said. “In many ways, this is beneficial. It’s a chance to get away from real-life problems and clear your head before returning to life in a better state of mind, ” he added.( Sultan说：“在我们今天的文化中，有太多的事情要做，太多的期望和太多的生产力，许多年轻人感到精疲力竭，往往睡眠不足。很容易看出为什么抽出时间来躺一躺是有吸引力的。”他补充道“在很多方面，这是有益的。这是一个机会，让你远离现实生活中的问题，在以更好的心态回归生活之前理清你的头脑”)”可知，根据瑞安·苏尔坦博士的说法，年轻人喜欢躺尸是因为这是逃避压力的一种方式。故选C。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Spending too many daytime hours in bed — awake or not — could destroy sleep schedules. (白天在床上呆太长时间——不管醒不醒——都会破坏睡眠时间安排。)”和后文“Lying in bed half-asleep during the day will worsen sleep schedules — once that happens, it is a challenge to fix.(白天躺在床上半睡半醒会使睡眠时间安排变差——一旦出现这种情况，就很难解决了)”以及“for sleep in darkness and alertness in light”可推断，我们的大脑被训练为在黑暗中睡觉，在光明中保持警觉。故划线词意思是“训练有素的”。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“While the occasional lazy day can be beneficial, too much could have the opposite effect.(偶尔偷懒一天是有益的，但偷懒太多则会产生相反的效果)”可知，偶尔懒惰对个人是有好处的。故选A。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Some Generation Z trend followers are now viewing it as a form of self-care, but doctors warn too much could be “sign of depression”. Are these extended breaks really wise for one’s mental health — or could they be a cause for concern (一些Z世代的潮流追随者现在将其视为一种自我保健方式，但医生警告说，过度躺尸可能是“抑郁症的征兆”。这些延长的休息时间真的对一个人的心理健康有益吗？还是会引起人们的担忧？)”结合接下来的分析内容可知，文章主要说明了年轻人喜欢躺尸来逃避压力，但专家指出长期需要或渴望躺尸可能会损害一个人的身体健康。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是长时间躺在床上可能产生的问题。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷(共 65 分)
Ⅰ. 选词填空(共 7 小题;每小题 2 分，共 14 分)
用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子， 每个单词只能用一次。
disappoint origin regular patient formal explore various
31. People change their mind for a ___________ of reasons.
32. Our school _________ invites university professors to give lectures on science.
33. To his _________, the basketball team lost the championship game.
34. On __________ occasions, you can wear anything you want, like T-shirts and jeans.
35. Their _________ idea was to fix their old computer, but they decided to buy a new one instead.
36. As a doctor, when working with _________, my efforts are centered on helping them overcome illness.
37. After _________ the old part of the town in the morning, we made our way to the modern part after lunch.
【答案】31. variety
32. regularly
33. disappointment
34. informal
35. original
36. patients
37. exploring
【解析】
【31题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：人们改变主意的原因多种多样。结合上下文可知，本空填名词variety，a variety of“各种各样的”为固定短语。故填variety。
【32题详解】
考查副词。句意：我们学校经常邀请大学教授做科学讲座。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“经常”，故用副词regularly，修饰后面的动词 invites。故填regularly。
【33题详解】
考查名词。句意：令他失望的是，篮球队输掉了冠军赛。结合上下文可知，本空填名词disappointment，to one’s disappointment“使某人失望的是”。故填disappointment。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在非正式场合，你可以穿任何你想穿的衣服，比如T恤和牛仔裤。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“非正式”，故用形容词informal，修饰后面的名词occasions。故填informal。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们最初的想法是修理他们的旧电脑，但他们决定买一台新电脑。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“最初的”，故用形容词original，修饰后面的名词 idea。故填original。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：作为一名医生，在与病人合作时，我的工作重点是帮助他们战胜疾病。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“病人”，故用名词patient，结合句意，病人不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作with的宾语。故填patients。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：早上探索了小镇老城区后，午餐后我们前往现代城区。结合上下文可知，该空处意思为“探索”，故用动词explore，位于介词After后，用动名词形式。故填exploring。
Ⅱ. 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，共 10 分)
在未给提示词的空白处填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
38. The UN first ___________ (celebrate) Chinese Language Day on Nov. 12, 2010. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】celebrated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：2010年11月12日，联合国首次庆祝中国语言日。根据时间状语on Nov. 12, 2010可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，本空用celebrate“庆祝”的过去式。故填celebrated。
39. It is hard to defeat a person ___________ never gives up. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】who##that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：打败一个永不放弃的人是很难的。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a person，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。
40. On cold winter days, __________ (give) your immune system a helping hand, you can drink some ginger tea. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to give
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在寒冷的冬天，为了帮助你的免疫系统，你可以喝一些姜茶。分析句子结构可知give在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to give。
41. The audience was __________ (amaze) at the actor’s wonderful performance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】amazed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：观众对那位演员的精彩表演感到惊奇。作表语，且修饰人，应用形容词amazed。be amazed at“对……感到惊讶”是固定表达。故填amazed。
42. Every evening, Jack’s grandma _________ (enjoy) hearing him read news aloud for her. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】enjoys
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：每天晚上，杰克的奶奶都喜欢听他大声朗读新闻。根据上文Every evening可知应用一般现在时，主语为Jack’s grandma，谓语用三单形式。故填enjoys。
43. On the way to work, my father helped a young man ___________ car had broken down. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在上班的路上，我父亲帮助了一个汽车坏了的年轻人。定语从句修饰先行词man，在从句作定语，应用whose引导。故填whose。
44. When the Internet first appeared, few people believed that it __________ (become) popular. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】would become
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当互联网刚出现的时候，很少有人相信它会变得流行起来。过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态，构成为：would+动词原形。动词become意为“变得”。根据语境和believed可知，that引导的宾语从句时态用过去将来时。故填would become。
45. Mike was encouraged by a coach _________ (learn) ice skating at a young age. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to learn
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克很小的时候就被教练鼓励去学滑冰。短语be encouraged to do sth.表示“被鼓励……”，不定式作主语补语。故填to learn。
46. A new hospital __________ (build) near my home now. It will open next year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is being built
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：我家附近正在建一家新医院。它将于明年开放。动词build“建造”和主语A new library是被动关系，根据后面now可推知此处表示“正在被建”，句子应使用现在进行时被动语态， 主语A new library是第三人称单数形式，be动词用is。故填is being built。
47. There are some apps _________ can help to connect people with similar interests. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which##that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有一些应用程序可以帮助将有相似兴趣的人联系起来。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是some apps，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
Ⅲ. 完成句子(共 5 小题; 第 63、64 题每题 2 分, 第 65、66、67 题每题 3分, 共 13 分)
根据括号中所给提示完成下列句子。
48. 我花了一个月的时间适应新环境。(adapt to)(汉译英)
【答案】It took/has taken me one month to adapt to the new environment.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和短语。表示“某人花费……做某事”句型为it took/takes sb. +一段时间+to do sth.，此处可用一般过去时表示陈述过去的事实，也可用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；表示“一个月”为one month；表示“适应”短语为adapt to；表示“新环境”短语为the new environment。故翻译为It took/has taken me one month to adapt to the new environment.
49. 由于大雪，昨天的足球赛取消了。(due to)(汉译英)
【答案】Due to the heavy snow, yesterday’s football match was/has been cancelled.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态语态。表示“由于”短语为due to；表示“大雪”短语为the heavy snow；表示“昨天的足球赛”翻译为yesterday’s football match；表示“取消”应用动词cancel，与主语构成被动关系，此处可用一般现在时表示陈述过去的事实，也可用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响。故翻译为Due to the heavy snow, yesterday’s football match was/has been cancelled.
50. 我会努力工作，因为我不想让他失望。(let down) (汉译英)
【答案】I will work hard because I don’t want to let him down.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态、非谓语动词、原因状语从句。“我”是主语，译为I，“努力工作”译为work hard，结合句意“我会努力工作”可知，事情发生在将来，时态用一般将来时。“因为我不想让他失望”用because引导的原因状语从句，结合语境可知从句陈述现在的想法，时态用一般现在时，且主语为I，故谓语用don’t want；“让……失望”用let...down，“让他失望”用let him down，用其不定式形式作want的宾语。故翻译为I will work hard because I don’t want to let him down.
51. 我的建议是更多地与朋友面对面交流。(My advice is…) (汉译英)
【答案】My advice is to have more face-to-face communication with friends.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、动词时态、非谓语动词。表示“我的建议”用My advice，作主语。结合语境可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为My advice，故be动词用is表示“是”。表示“更多地与朋友面对面交流”用have more face-to-face communication with friends，句子系动词为is，故本句用不定式to have作表语。故翻译为My advice is to have more face-to-face communication with friends.
52. 新图书馆将使生活在这个社区的人们受益。(benefit) (汉译英)
【答案】The new library will benefit the people who live in this community. /The people who live in this community will benefit from the new library.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态、定语从句。表示“新图书馆”用The new library，作主语。表示“使……受益”用benefit，结合句子意思可知事情发生在将来，时态用一般将来时，可知本题谓语用will benefit；表示“人们”用people，作宾语，此处表示强调，故people前加the。表示“生活在这个社区的”用定语从句who live in this community，先行词是the people，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，可用关系代词who引导。故翻译为The new library will benefit the people who live in this community.表示“人们”用The people，作主语；表示“生活在这个社区的”用定语从句who live in this community，先行词是the people，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，可用关系代词who引导。表示“从……中获益”用benefit from，结合句子意思可知事情发生在将来，时态用一般将来时，可知本题谓语用will benefit from；表示“新图书馆”用new library，作from的宾语，此处表示强调，故new library前加the。故翻译为The people who live in this community will benefit from the new library.
Ⅳ. 阅读表达(共 4 小题; 每小题 2 分, 共 8 分)
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容， 在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
I have a special rule for travel: never carry a map. I prefer to ask for directions. Sometimes I get lost, but I usually don’t mind. I can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs. And I find out about different “styles” of giving directions every time I ask, “How can I get to the post office ”
Foreign tourists are often confused in Japan because most streets don’t have names. In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go pasta fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop. ”
In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns, or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for instance, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.”
People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map: they measure distance in Los Angeles in time, not miles. “How faraway is the post office ” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it’s about five minutes from here. ”You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it ” They don’t know.
People in Greece sometimes do not even try to give directions because tourists seldom understand the Greek language. Instead, a Greek person will often say, “Follow me. ”Then he’ll lead you through the streets of the city to the post office.
Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question. What happens in this situation A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea. ”But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers, “I don’t know. ”People in Yucatan believe that “I don’t know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!
One thing will help you everywhere—in Japan, the United States, Greece, Mexico, or any other place. You might not understand a person’s words, but you can probably understand the person’s body language: He or she will usually turn and then point in the correct direction. Go in that direction, and you may find the post office.
53. Why doesn’t the writer mind getting lost (不多于 14 个单词)
______________________________________________________
54. Please list three examples of landmarks mentioned in Paragraph 2. (不多于 10 个单词)
______________________________________________________
55. How do people in Los Angeles measure distance (不多于 2 个单词)
______________________________________________________
56. What is the passage mainly talking about (单词数不限)
______________________________________________________
【答案】53. Because he can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs.
54. The big hotel, a fruit market, and the bus stop.
55. In time.
56. People in different places give directions in different ways.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者旅行时问路发现，不同国家的人指路的方式也不同，分别列举了日本、美国中西部的乡村、加州洛杉矶、希腊以及墨西哥的指路方式。
53题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“Sometimes I get lost, but I usually don’t mind. I can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs.(有时我迷路了，但我通常不介意。我可以练习一门新的语言，认识新的人，学习新的习俗)”可知，作者不介意迷路是因为他可以练习一门新的语言，认识新的人，学习新的风俗习惯。故答案为Because he can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs.
【54题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go pasta fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop. ”(在日本，人们用地标来指路，而不是用街道名称。例如，日本人会对旅行者说：“直走到拐角处。在大饭店左转，去意大利面水果市场。邮局在公共汽车站的对面。”)”可知，第二段提到的地标有大饭店、水果市场和公共汽车站。故答案为The big hotel, a fruit market, and the bus stop.
【55题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段“People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map: they measure distance in Los Angeles in time, not miles.(加州洛杉矶的人不知道地图上的距离：他们在洛杉矶用时间来测量距离，而不是英里)”可知，洛杉矶人根据时间测量距离。故答案为In time.
【56题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第一段“And I find out about different “styles” of giving directions every time I ask, “How can I get to the post office ”(每次我问“我怎么能去邮局？”时，我就会发现指路的不同“风格”)”结合文章主要说明了作者旅行时问路发现，不同国家的人指路的方式也不同，分别列举了日本、美国中西部的乡村、加州洛杉矶、希腊以及墨西哥的指路方式。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是不同地方的人指路的方式也不同。故答案为People in different places give directions in different ways.
Ⅴ. 书面表达(20 分)
57. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim 在邮件中提到对你的 高中生活很感兴趣。请你给他回一封邮件，分享你高中生活中一件难忘的事。
内容包括：
1. 事情经过；
2. 你的感受。
注意： 1. 词数不少于 60；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
How is everything going Glad to know you are interested in my high school life. I want to share with you an unforgettable event.
It was the annual school talent show held last week. When I first heard the news, I wanted to give it a try, but then I hesitated. Though I love singing, I had never sung in public. Finally, to challenge myself, I signed up. In the following weeks, I practiced almost every day. On the day of the show, I was very nervous, but the moment I stepped onto the stage and began my performance, all my fears disappeared. As the last note faded, the audience’s applause and cheers arose. At that time, I felt a great sense of achievement.
The best part of the experience was learning to step outside my comfort zone and embrace new challenges.
It always feels great to share with you these unforgettable moments in my life. Drop me a line when you are free.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。英国笔友 Jim 在邮件中提到对考生的 高中生活很感兴趣，要求考生给他回一封邮件，分享高中生活中一件难忘的事。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→ delighted
难忘的：unforgettable→ memorable
紧张的：nervous→tense
消失：disappear→ vanish
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Glad to know you are interested in my high school life.
拓展句：Knowing that you are interested in my high school life, I feel glad.
【点睛】【高分句型1】When I first heard the news, I wanted to give it a try, but then I hesitated. （运用了When引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】Though I love singing, I had never sung in public.（运用了Though引导的让步状语从句）
听力1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. B
6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C
11. habit 12. local 13. club 14. discuss 15. educational北京市西城区2023—2024学年度第一学期期末试卷
高一英语
本试卷共16页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答， 在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后， 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷 (共 75 分)
Ⅰ. 听力理解(共三节，22. 5 分)
第一节: (共 4 小题; 每小题 1. 5 分，共 6 分)
听下面四段对话， 每段对话后有一道小题， 从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. What does the man enjoy doing in his spare time
A. Drawing and painting.
B. Playing the piano.
C. Going to concerts.
2. Who may help with the computer problems
A. Jason. B. Alice. C. Henry.
3. How long does it take to get to the shopping center by bus
A. 15 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. 30 minutes.
4. What does the man like best about Dr. Miller
A. His class is interesting.
B. He helps students set goals.
C. He is understanding and friendly.
听下面三段对话， 每段对话后有两道小题， 从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。
听第 5 段材料，回答第 5 至第 6 小题。
5. When will the birthday party beheld
A. On Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. On Monday.
6. What will the man do to prepare for the party
A. Find the restaurant. B. Buy decorations. C. Invite friends.
听第 6 段材料，回答第 7 至第 8 小题。
7. What’s the man’s purpose in exercising every week
A. To lose weight. B. To build muscle. C. To recover from an injury.
8. What is the woman’s job
A. A coach. B. A receptionist. C. A saleswoman.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 9 至第 10 小题。
9. Why does the man feel stressed
A. The classmates are hard-working.
B. The teachers are demanding.
C. The courses are difficult.
10. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Learn from his classmates.
B. Spend more time in learning.
C. Find suitable learning methods.
第三节： (共 5 小题;每小题 1. 5 分，共 7. 5 分)
听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第 11 题至第 15 题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。
Tips on how to increase general knowledge
Get into a 11 of reading Get a membership at the 12 public library Buy an e-reader to download reasonably priced books and articles
Socialize with more people Join a book 13 or a social group Meet up with your friends for coffee or tea and 14________ anything new you’ve learned
Use technology well Watch television: try watching news and 15 _______programs Use search engines
II. 完形填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1. 5 分，共 22. 5 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意， 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One spring morning, my husband was in the yard cutting down an overgrown tree.
He then ___1___ it across the front yard and put it on a pile of wood.
I was inside the house tending to some things, when suddenly he came into the house, looking ___2___ and said, “I’m not sure if I should tell you this. ”
“What ”I said, totally expecting the very worst.
“Just come with me, ” he said. I ___3___ him out to the yard. He pointed. “There, ” he said.
In front of us were four baby birds in the tree branches, having fallen out of their nest (巢) during the terrible ride, ___4___ amazingly all still alive.
I immediately picked them up and made a “nest” in the front of my T-shirt. My husband just looked at me and said, “You won’t be able to keep them ___5___. You have never nursed a bird back to health before. ”
Luckily, we were able to find the nest in the center of the tree. I placed the baby birds inside the nest. They had no feathers (羽毛), so these tiny birds had no protection ___6___ the sun. I thought they wouldn’t make it through the day. As we stood far enough away from the nest, I wondered if their mother would ever find and ___7___ them as her own.
I couldn’t believe it! Within a few minutes, a Blue Jay flew in and was jumping around the nest. She then flew up to the nest and ___8___ herself on her babies, spreading her wings to ___9___ them. And soon, the father joined the ___10___ and continued his task of bringing food to the family while she warmed and kept the baby birds safe.
On one rainy day, I remember seeing her wings were spread especially wide across the nest. It was a ___11___ sight, to see how a bird with a tiny brain, the size of the tip of my little finger, still had the will to so deeply ___12___ her babies.
Then one day, all four baby birds jumped out of the nest and were gone. The parents had done their job and now the youngsters were ___13___ to go make nests of their own.
I ended up ___14___ that nest. Whenever I look at it, it reminds me to never give up no matter how bad things look, and be inspired by the inner___15___ of the Blue Jay parents to provide for their family.
1. A. dragged B. planted C. kicked D. threw
2. A. disappointed B. cheerful C. serious D. angry
3. A. led B. forced C. invited D. followed
4 A. when B. so C. but D. or
5. A. awake B. alive C. active D. alone
6. A. against B. of C. above D. for
7. A. pick B. study C. guide D. recognize
8. A. warmed B. calmed C. settled D. helped
9. A. hide B. cover C. separate D. remove
10. A. reunion B. celebration C. chance D. event
11. A. lively B. touching C. funny D. common
12. A. depend on B. look into C. believe in D. care for
13. A. ready B. afraid C. curious D. unwilling
14. A. discovering B. decorating C. saving D. making
15. A. beauty B. joy C. peace D. strength
III. 阅读理解(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，共 30 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Get To Know This Sweet and Spiky Fruit
What Are Rambutans
The rambutan is a tropical fruit native to Malaysia, now grown throughout South East Asia as well as Puerto Rico, Mexico, and Central America. A cousin of the more well-known lychee, both fruits are members of the soapberry family. Rambutans have brownish-pink shells (壳) that are covered in hair-like bristles—in fact, the name rambutan comes from “rambut”, the Malay word for “hair”. The inner white fruit of the rambutan is juicy and sweet. Some say that the rambutan tastes like a sweet green grape.
How to Eat Rambutans
Rambutans are most often enjoyed fresh but also sometimes cooked, used to make rambutan jam. Because of their hard shells, they transport well and are ideal for packed lunches and picnics. They are easily added to cold dishes like fruit salads.
Rambutan Nutrition and Benefits
Rambutans are rich in vitamin C which helps strengthen the immune system and support brain health. Therefore, rambutans make a healthy sweet snack any time of day. Rambutans are low in calories and also rich in fiber (纤维).
Where to Buy Rambutans
Fresh rambutans from abroad can be found in supermarkets nationwide. You can also find rambutans in Chinese and South East Asian markets, both fresh and canned. Though they can be found year round, look for fresh rambutans when they are most plentiful in August and September. When choosing rambutans, pick those that are dark reddish-brown in color. Very pale, light colored rambutans may not be ready to eat.
__________
While you don’t have to immediately put rambutans in a fridge, they will last longer if you do so. To avoid loss of freshness, wrap rambutans in paper and then in a breathable plastic bag.
16. Which are rambutans
A. B.
C. D.
17. Why is the rambutan considered a healthy snack
A. The inner white fruit is juicy and sweet. B. It can be enjoyed fresh or cooked.
C. It has a lot of vitamin C. D. It has zero calories.
18. Which is the best heading for the last paragraph
A. When to Save Rambutans B. Where to Keep Rambutans
C. Why to Wrap Rambutans D. How to Store Rambutans
B
Rudolph plays football for Florida State University. When he was visiting a middle school in Florida one Tuesday, he noticed sixth-grader Leo eating his lunch alone. Rudolph grabbed a couple pieces of pizza and joined Leo at his table.
Leo has autism, a condition that can make it hard to make friends and communicate with other people. His mother always worries about him. Two days later, she saw a picture of Rudolph and Leo eating together and it made her so happy that she cried. Then, she shared the picture on the Internet, along with a message about how thankful she was. The story became popular very quickly.
“We just had a great conversation. He started off telling me his name is Leo, telling me how much he loves Florida State. We went from there, ” said Rudolph. “It was really easy. He had a nice smile on his face. Just a really warm person.”
Leo’s mother said that middle school can be hard, and she worries about how other kids will treat her son. “Sometimes I’m thankful for his autism. That may sound like a terrible thing to say, but in some ways I think — I hope — it shields him, ” she said.
“He doesn’t seem to notice when people look at him when he flaps (拍打) his hands,” she said. “He doesn’t seem to notice that he doesn’t get invited to birthday parties. And he doesn’t seem to mind if he eats lunch alone.”
The mother said the photo of Rudolph and Leo’s lunch date helped teach people about autism. “The picture speaks more than a thousand words. You can see how far away the rest of the students are, but you can see how engaged Rudolph is with Leo,” she added.
“I just wanted to go say hi to the kid, because I saw him eating alone. I didn’t even know anybody took a photo of it.” Rudolph said he was glad that the story was helping others.
Leo is excited that Rudolph signed his lunch box, and is enjoying all of the attention. “It’s been awesome. Everyone was so proud of me,” Leo said.
Leo and his mother have been invited to dinner with the football team and possibly to a game
19. Rudolph chose to eat with Leo because he _______________.
A. knew Leo suffered from autism B. wanted to make friends with Leo
C. promised to sign Leo’s lunchbox D. saw no one sitting at the table with Leo
20. Leo’s mother shared the picture on the Internet to ________________.
A. show her thankfulness B. teach people about autism
C. help her son to become famous D. make the other students feel ashamed
21. What did Leo’s mother mean by saying the sentence underlined in Paragraph 4
A. Autism protects Leo from being treated badly at school.
B. Autism causes Leo to receive positive public attention.
C. Autism makes Leo not realize his social challenges.
D. Autism helps Leo escape from social activities.
22. What can we learn from this passage
A. One good turn deserves another. B. A loss may turn out to be a gain.
C. A little kindness goes a long way. D. Chance favors the prepared mind.
C
Guardian Angels are people who travel on the New York subways and protect other passengers from criminals (罪犯). They are volunteers: they don’t get paid anything to do this job. The Guardian Angels would never have appeared without a young man named Curtis Sliwa.
Forty-three years ago, if you’d wanted to travel home late at night on the New York subway, you wouldn’t have felt very safe. Luckily, on February 13, 1979, at 3:00 a. m. , the first safety patrol (巡逻)—called The Team—went into action. Curtis Sliwa and his friend Don Chin began to cleanup crime on one of New York’s toughest subway lines, the Number 4 train. However, this was not a job for two, but a job for 13, so thirteen brave people walked into the last car of the Number 4 subway line in New York City—the “Mugger’s Express”. If they saw a danger of violence (暴力), they stopped it, using non-violent means. The group became known as the “Magnificent 13”.
The Magnificent 13 soon went from thirteen members to hundreds and they changed their name to the Guardian Angels Safety Patrol (GASP). At first, GASP faced opposition from the police, but they had the strong support of the public. Today, the Guardian Angels can be found all over the US. If you travel by subway, you will see them wearing red hats and white T-shirts. Although Guardian Angels are not armed, if they’re present, a criminal will think twice before committing a crime.
The Guardian Angels also train young people to join them in their fight against crime. They believe that if they train groups of volunteers to patrol dangerous areas in New York, the city will be safer for everybody. “If we had more volunteers, we would be able to reduce the problems many cities face: violence, crime, and drugs. ”
They have also started after-school training programs inside high schools and community centers. If young people visit the Guardian Angels Headquarters (总部), volunteers will talk to them about their work and will then guide them through the Times Square area. It’s fun. It’s safe and meaningful!
23. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The changes brought by the Magnificent 13.
B. The birth of the Guardian Angels Safety Patrol.
C The subway lines that the Guardian Angels patrolled.
D The reason why Curtis Sliwa wanted to stop subway crime.
24. What can we learn from the passage
A. The police influenced the public’s opinions about GASP.
B. Volunteers play an active role in reducing crime in New York.
C. The Magnificent 13 put an end to crime on the Mugger’s Express.
D. The Guardian Angels sometimes turn to violence to keep passengers safe.
25. What can young people do at the Guardian Angels Headquarters
A. Talk to the leader of GASP. B. Take part in training programs.
C. Carry out safety patrols with guides. D. Get educated about the Guardian Angels’work.
26. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To publicize a social service group. B. To call attention to public safety concerns.
C. To introduce Curtis Sliwa’s great contributions. D. To present new ways to reduce crime in society.
D
Bed rotting — the practice of spending long periods of time just staying under the covers with snacks, screens and other creature comforts — is gaining popularity on social media. Some Generation Z trend followers are now viewing it as a form of self-care, but doctors warn too much could be “sign of depression”. Are these extended breaks really wise for one’s mental health — or could they be a cause for concern
Dr. Ryan Sultan, a professor at Columbia University in New York, who treats many young people, called the bed rotting trend attractive. “In our culture today, with too much to do, too many expectations and too much productivity, many young individuals (个人) are feeling burned out and often aren’t getting enough sleep. It’s easy to see why taking time off to lie around is attractive,” Sultan said. “In many ways, this is beneficial. It’s a chance to get away from real-life problems and clear your head before returning to life in a better state of mind, ” he added.
For the downside, however, he said a long-term need or desire for bed rotting could do harm to one’s physical health. Spending too many daytime hours in bed — awake or not — could destroy sleep schedules. Our brains are fine-tuned for sleep in darkness and alertness in light. Lying in bed half-asleep during the day will worsen sleep schedules — once that happens, it is a challenge to fix. It could also lead to blood pressure problems and obesity (肥胖).
Long-term need or desire for bed rotting could also be a warning sign of depression, according to a mental health expert. Dr. Marc Siegel, professor of medicine at NYU Langone Medical Center and a Fox News medical contributor, agreed that while some downtime can be useful in terms of de-stressing and rejuvenation (更新), too much bed rotting is a bad health practice. In addition to increasing the risk of depression, it contributes to decreased motivation (动力) as well.
Instead of bed rotting, Siegel recommends regular exercise as a better form of de- stressing. While the occasional lazy day can be beneficial, too much could have the opposite effect. If it happens every day, that’s a fairly sensitive test for depression. Those who lack the motivation to get out of bed could also try calling or texting a family member for support, socializing with close friends, finding a small task to complete, or reaching out to a medical professional for help.
27. According to Dr. Ryan Sultan, why do young people like bed rotting
A. They are fond of what is popular on social media. B. They are unwilling to socialize with friends.
C. Bed rotting is away to escape stress. D. Bed rotting helps fix sleep schedules.
28. What does the word “fine-tuned” underlined in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Quickly-activated. B. Well-trained. C. Badly-needed. D. Ill-equipped.
29. What can we learn from the passage
A Being lazy from time to time can be good for individuals.
B. Sleeping in light can increase the risk of depression.
C. Bed rotting can allow people to avoid expectations.
D. Feeling down leads to decreased motivation.
30. What is the passage mainly talking about
A. Different opinions on how to become motivated.
B. Main causes of the long-term need for bed rotting.
C. Practical suggestions for young people to deal with stress.
D. Possible problems from lying in bed for extended periods of time.
第Ⅱ卷(共 65 分)
Ⅰ. 选词填空(共 7 小题;每小题 2 分，共 14 分)
用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子， 每个单词只能用一次。
disappoint origin regular patient formal explore various
31. People change their mind for a ___________ of reasons.
32. Our school _________ invites university professors to give lectures on science.
33. To his _________, the basketball team lost the championship game.
34. On __________ occasions, you can wear anything you want, like T-shirts and jeans.
35. Their _________ idea was to fix their old computer, but they decided to buy a new one instead.
36. As a doctor, when working with _________, my efforts are centered on helping them overcome illness.
37. After _________ the old part of the town in the morning, we made our way to the modern part after lunch.
Ⅱ. 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，共 10 分)
在未给提示词的空白处填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
38. The UN first ___________ (celebrate) Chinese Language Day on Nov. 12, 2010. (所给词的适当形式填空)
39. It is hard to defeat a person ___________ never gives up. (用适当的词填空)
40. On cold winter days, __________ (give) your immune system a helping hand, you can drink some ginger tea. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41. The audience was __________ (amaze) at the actor’s wonderful performance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
42. Every evening, Jack’s grandma _________ (enjoy) hearing him read news aloud for her. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43. On the way to work, my father helped a young man ___________ car had broken down. (用适当的词填空)
44. When the Internet first appeared, few people believed that it __________ (become) popular. (所给词的适当形式填空)
45. Mike was encouraged by a coach _________ (learn) ice skating at a young age. (所给词的适当形式填空)
46. A new hospital __________ (build) near my home now. It will open next year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. There are some apps _________ can help to connect people with similar interests. (用适当的词填空)
Ⅲ. 完成句子(共 5 小题; 第 63、64 题每题 2 分, 第 65、66、67 题每题 3分, 共 13 分)
根据括号中所给提示完成下列句子。
48. 我花了一个月的时间适应新环境。(adapt to)(汉译英)
49. 由于大雪，昨天的足球赛取消了。(due to)(汉译英)
50. 我会努力工作，因为我不想让他失望。(let down) (汉译英)
51. 我的建议是更多地与朋友面对面交流。(My advice is…) (汉译英)
52. 新图书馆将使生活在这个社区的人们受益。(benefit) (汉译英)
Ⅳ. 阅读表达(共 4 小题; 每小题 2 分, 共 8 分)
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容， 在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
I have a special rule for travel: never carry a map. I prefer to ask for directions. Sometimes I get lost, but I usually don’t mind. I can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs. And I find out about different “styles” of giving directions every time I ask, “How can I get to the post office ”
Foreign tourists are often confused in Japan because most streets don’t have names. In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go pasta fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop. ”
In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns, or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for instance, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.”
People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map: they measure distance in Los Angeles in time, not miles. “How faraway is the post office ” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it’s about five minutes from here. ”You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it ” They don’t know.
People in Greece sometimes do not even try to give directions because tourists seldom understand the Greek language. Instead, a Greek person will often say, “Follow me. ”Then he’ll lead you through the streets of the city to the post office.
Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question. What happens in this situation A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea. ”But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers, “I don’t know. ”People in Yucatan believe that “I don’t know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!
One thing will help you everywhere—in Japan, the United States, Greece, Mexico, or any other place. You might not understand a person’s words, but you can probably understand the person’s body language: He or she will usually turn and then point in the correct direction. Go in that direction, and you may find the post office.
53. Why doesn’t the writer mind getting lost (不多于 14 个单词)
______________________________________________________
54. Please list three examples of landmarks mentioned in Paragraph 2. (不多于 10 个单词)
______________________________________________________
55. How do people in Los Angeles measure distance (不多于 2 个单词)
______________________________________________________
56. What is the passage mainly talking about (单词数不限)
______________________________________________________
Ⅴ. 书面表达(20 分)
57. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim 在邮件中提到对你的 高中生活很感兴趣。请你给他回一封邮件，分享你高中生活中一件难忘的事。
内容包括：
1. 事情经过；
2. 你的感受。
注意： 1. 词数不少于 60；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
听力1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. B
6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C
11. habit 12. local 13. club 14. discuss 15. educational
