2023-2024学年上海市嘉定区高一（上）期末英语试卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2023-2024学年上海市嘉定区高一（上）期末英语试卷（含解析） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-01-24 10:43:42 | ||
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2023-2024学年上海市嘉定区高一（上）期末英语试卷
一、单选题：本大题共10小题，共10分。
1.Mrs.Novak heard that she___________ to a post in a nearby school .（ ）
A. will promote B. would be promoted
C. had promoted D. has been promoted
2.There's somebody walking behind us.I think we ___________.（ ）
A. are following B. have followed
C. are being followed D. have been following
3.--Would you like to climb Qomolangma yourself？
--Of course!It's every climber's dream.It's expensive and hard，but I hope someday___________.（ ）
A. I'll be able to B. I'll be able.
C. I'll be. D. I'll be able to climb.
4.Professor Johnson，___________ I have long admired，is to visit our university next week.（ ）
A. which B. who C. that D. he
5.--Look!How cute!I've never seen such short snakes.
--Actually，___________they are fully grown，these snakes can be over two meters long.（ ）
A. because B. unless C. before D. when
6.The valley___________ the town lies is heavily polluted.（ ）
A. which B. that C. where D. when
7.___________Reid failed to score himself，he helped Jones to score two goals.（ ）
A. Although B. When C. If D. Until
8.A few days after the interview，I received an email___________me the job.（ ）
A. offered B. offering C. being offered D. offers
9.Fortunately，we have a good GPS map，without___________we will get lost in the forest .（ ）
A. it B. what C. that D. which
10.Some of the people___________ to the party can't come.（ ）
A. inviting B. having invited C. invited D. to invite
二、选词填空-句子：本大题共1小题，共10分。
11.
A.released B.maintain C.equal D.actually E.recommendations F.allowing G.individual H.totals I.limited J.added K.controlled
Drink Up-Hydrating beverages（补水饮料） that aren't water Our bodies are about 60% water and if we don't get enough to drink，we can suffer extreme tiredness and headaches.So how much water do we need to drink each day？People used to believe everyone should drink 8 glasses of water a day，but experts say current research supports paying attention to your（1） ______ needs which can vary from day to day.
Generally，the average adult male requires about 13 cups of water a day，while the average female needs just over 8 cups.On some days，though-when it's hot or you're working out or taking certain medicines-you may need more.
If those（2） ______ sound like way too much water for your taste，don't worry.You don't have to drink that much，and it doesn't have to be all water.You（3） ______ can sometimes replace plain water with these drinks：
COFFEE That's right，coffee.A 2014 U.K.study measured the body water of subjects in two groups：one that drank 4 cups of coffee a day and the other a（n）（4） ______ amount of water When the amount of food intake and exercise is（5） ______ ，researchers found no significant difference in body-water levels.There is no reason that coffee can't count toward your daily water（6） ______ Try to limit yourself to 3 or 4 cups max，though，to stay within healthy limits
MILK In a 2015 study（7） ______ in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition，British researchers found that cows' milk，both full-fat and skim，can provide humans with more water.That's because it takes longer to digest than water，（8） ______ the body to absorb more.Milk also supplies other nutrients that most of us need more of.
JUICE Fruit and vegetable juices with no（9） ______ sugar are an excellent source of vitamins，minerals and antioxidants，which can reduce infection and help prevent age-related diseases.Natural sugars contained in juice digest more slowly than processed sugar，helping to （10） ______ your metabolism（新陈代谢）.Orange juice is slightly more hydrating than water，according to a 2015 British study.
三、阅读理解：本大题共11小题，共22分。
A
We recently went to a friend's backyard to meet her new puppy.He was lovely beyond words.Our friend was wearing smiles as she told us about his first days at home.It was truly puppy love.
Later that night，I walked behind my own dog to help her climb up the stairs，and heated up the homemade food that helps control her kidney（肾） disease.You can't imagine these extra cares when you began raising a puppy.For me，I am lucky to know this more"mature"love.To love，and to be loved，by an old dog is truly an honor.
For a long time，I denied the fact that our dog was getting old，or I really didn't notice that Skyler was getting older.But these days，there is no denying the fact.Sometimes，she will fall while eating from her bowl and wait patiently for someone to help her up.
I still remember the first days of Skyler.In the home，she always needed to be beside someone，with at least one part of her touching one part of you.At the park，it was different.If we started running toward the end of a field，she would cross the finish line before we had even made it halfway.
Now，at 15，Skyler still needs to be right beside you on the couch.But it is hard.It is sad to see this once fast，strong dog struggle to walk up the front steps or to see her begging eyes whenever she needs help to get up on the couch.Over the past few years，we have had to forgo certain family trips because we wanted to take care of her at home.
However，I know this experience has taught our children about sacrifice and unconditional love.It has taught me the same.Dogs give us unconditional love.The least we can do is give it back.There will likely be times of great sadness and hardship，but in the end，you will feel very lucky for the time you have together.
12.In paragraph 2，why does the author mention what he did late that night？ ______
A. To complain about the troubles of raising a dog.
B. To show her regret of meeting her friend's new puppy.
C. To tell readers that she is taking care of an old sick dog.
D. To illustrate the correct way of caring for dogs.
13.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ ______
A. When the author first got Skyler，she was always running in the house.
B. Skyler has always been eager to have people beside her.
C. Skyler will beg for some food before she gets up.
D. To take care of Skyler，the author often brings her during the journey.
14.What does the underlined word forgo in paragraph 5 most probably mean？ ______
A. cancel. B. forget . C. Organize. D. Delay.
15.According to the passage，what does the author think of keeping a dog？ ______
A. She is strongly against keeping a dog.
B. She considers it a double-edged sword to keep a dog.
C. She suggests we should think twice before keeping a dog.
D. She thinks keeping a dog is worthwhile for the whole family.
B
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16.Which of the following is most likely to be the target customer of ADT Medical Alert system？ ______
A. A high school student who goes home after school without parents.
B. A newly married man whose wife is on a business trip.
C. An old lady who lives alone in a suburban house.
D. A young traveler who loves travelling on his/her own.
17.Which of the following is TRUE according to the advertisement？ ______
A. Both devices can be delivered to users free of charge.
B. Medical Alert Plus can help monitor body temperatures.
C. People can order the devices either on the phone or online.
D. On-The-Go can give warnings whenever users fall on the ground.
18.Where can you most probably see this passage？ ______
A. In a science fiction novel.
B. In a literature book.
C. On an ad page in a magazine.
D. In a textbook on medical theories.
C
People around the world take celebrating seriously，and many of them are willing to go to great effort and expense to plan and participate in public celebrations.
Exactly when and where human beings began coming together in public to celebrate as a group can date back to hunter-gatherer societies，when success in the never-ending search for food，clothing，and shelter must have aroused the need to celebrate together.
Besides the need for food and survival，there are records of religious parades dating back to 3000 B.C.Parades were also used to demonstrate military power and celebrate military victories；to attract customers to events such as the circus by giving the public a sample of the entertainment；or to celebrate ethnic（民族的） connection and holidays.The New York Times of October 28，1917，summed it up by saying，" If you take the parades out of history，you have precious little history left."
Of course，many modern celebrations are not connected to any religion.In the Internet era，electronic communication makes it possible to organize celebrations almost instantly."Flash mobs"are a new way of gathering and celebrating.Secretly planned online，they bring together tens，hundreds，or thousands of individuals to perform some unusual or funny act in a public place.Flash mobs not only reflect the increased speed of communication but also a lighter attitude to celebration.No longer is public celebrating something necessarily linked to human survival，religion，or deep traditions.
This does not mean，however，that modern celebrations are not socially conscious.One striking image inspiring community spirit is Edwards' photograph of crowds in Australia，who were gathering in the rain for a music festival to raise funds for wildfire relief.Throughout history，across countries and cultures，celebrations are always worth significant amount of time and money spent planning，preparing，organizing，and carrying out an event.The priority given to celebrating seems to put it alongside food，shelter，love，and freedom as a basic need of humanity.
19.According to the passage，which one of the following events can make celebrations happen？ ______
A. A business has made a huge profit.
B. It has been sunny for a week.
C. Farmers harvest in the autumn.
D. A new museum opens in the city center.
20.What does the underlined sentence （paragraph 3）imply？ ______
A. If there is no parade，human history will be more precious.
B. Students should be taught the importance of parades in history class.
C. Only parades can be recorded in history books.
D. Many significant historic moments featured a parade.
21.Which of the following best describes a flash mob？ ______
A. Four strangers meet at a concert and then decide to perform together in a public square.
B. Someone announces openly a series of performances to take place at school.
C. An online group plans and performs a dance in a crowded train station.
D. The number of people watching a street performer grows to several hundred.
22.Which of these is the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Why We Celebrate？
B. Celebration and Social Responsibility.
C. Planning a Parade.
D. The Origin of Celebration.
四、阅读七选五：本大题共4小题，共8分。
A.There's such a focus on individual intelligence and individual accomplishment.
B.This ability to predict group success may offer guidance in real-life situations
C.Instead，a group is more successful if it contains people who can read emotions from people's faces.
D.Group intelligence may also be rooted in the past.
E.The volunteers were then split into groups of two to five and asked to do some simple tasks.
F.Next，the groups were each asked to perform more complex tasks.
Group Intelligence
Being smart doesn't matter much if you're working in a group，according to the first study to calculate collective intelligence-a group's ability to succeed at a variety of tasks.
Surprisingly，in a team an individual's intelligence does not have much to do with success in thought-based tasks such as visual puzzles and negotiating over limited resources，a set of recent experiments found. （1） ______ That also explains why groups with more women—who score higher on tests of social sensitivity—were more likely to stand out，said study leader Anita Williams Woolley，an expert in collective intelligence at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Particularly intelligent groups also had more people who took turns speaking，according to the study，published in the journal Science.
To test the conclusion，Woolley and colleagues recruited 699 volunteers and first measured each person's intelligence and social sensitivity using standard psychological tests.（2） ______ The results revealed that certain groups were better at all types of tasks，which is the"primary evidence for collective intelligence，"Woolley said.
（ 3） ______ As guessed，the groups' collective intelligence scores from the first round of tests predicted how they'd do on the following complex experiments，Woolley said.
（ 4） ______ especially as more decisions in fields such as business and the military are made in discussion-based settings，she said.For instance，knowing a group's collective intelligence could be vital in a situation like starting a new business.
23.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
24.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
25.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
26.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
五、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Anyone who has felt a moment of joy when a favorite song comes on the radio at just the right moment or cried along with a singer expressing heartache will understand the emotional power of music.Now，a growing body of scientific evidence demonstrates that music can be （1） ______ too.
In a review of 400 research papers looking into the（2） ______ of music，Daniel Levitin，a psychologist and neuroscientist at McGill University in Montreal，found that playing and listening to music had mental and physical health （3） ______ ， including improving our immune systems and reducing stress.
One 2007 study from a team of Spanish researchers found that listening to music（4） ______ surgery had the effect in reducing pre-operative anxiety.It's a negative emotion which can affect pain after an operation and（5） ______ time Another study，conducted in 2018 in Barcelona's Hospital del Mar，found that （6） ______ participating in a music therapy（疗法） program experienced significant decreases in tiredness，anxiety and breathing difficulties，as well as an increase in feelings of well-being.
Music can have a huge effect on helping sick（7） ______ too.Ruth Hunston is a music therapist in the"play department"at the Great Ormond Street Hospital in London，England，who helps give young patients back some sense of （8） ______ .
"When children are in the hospital，their worlds get much （9） ______ ， "says Hunston "They're having so many things done to them and around them，but music allows them to create something themselves.I've had lots of babies in the hospital making sounds because I am （10） ______ to them，and they want more "
The parents also become part of the therapeutic process."What's really lovely is when you go in and you start to make music，and the children invite their parents to join，"she says."There is this beautiful （11） ______ between everyone.Sometimes I will（12） ______ and just watch them play，laugh and have fun."
Finding those （13） ______ moments is the therapist's role，but as music therapist Sarah Rose Black notes，people have been connecting with music for their whole lives-she is just helping them （14） ______ it again at a time when they need it most "We are born to be （15） ______ people ".
27.A. research B. medicine C. emotion D. stress
28.A. effects B. causes C. factors D. themes
29.A. benefits B. problems C. influences D. profits
30.A. after B. during C. without D. before
31.A. operation B. participation C. recovery D. therapy
32.A. musicians B. students C. patients D. researchers
33.A. males B. females C. adults D. children
34.A. humor B. duty C. control D. loss
35.A. wider B. smaller C. freer D. deeper
36.A. speaking B. singing C. sticking D. smiling
37.A. conversation B. distinction C. cooperation D. interaction
38.A. step back B. join in C. turn away D. hold on
39.A. puzzling B. meaningful C. ridiculous D. disappointing
40.A. forget B. refuse C. change D. access
41.A. medical B. digital C. musical D. practical
六、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共10分。
42.
Seeing Blue
Blue-light-blocking glasses are supposed protect eyes from blue light from our smartphones and computer screens. （1） ______ we spend much time on them，it sounds smart to buy a pair of blue light blocking glasses，right？After all，eye problems（2） ______ lead to poor sleep and even worse diseases.The glasses cost （3） ______ ＄15 to several hundred dollars.But do they work？
Elizabeth Esparaz，an ophthalmologist （眼科专家），says the reasons which glass companies （4） ______ （share） can be confusing .In fact，blue light is not always bad "The sun gives off more blue light than smart phones or computers，and it's actually beneficial，"says Dr.Esparaz. （5） ______ helps our mood and sleep wake cycle.
The problem is blue light at night：It can harmfully change our work-and-rest cycle and stop us from falling asleep.
So，wearing blue light blocking glasses should help people （6） ______ watch movies in bed or read from a tablet at night to avoid sleeplessness.A 2021 review study，in（7） ______ 24 past studies were looked at，found that people（8） ______ （ affect） by sleep disorders，jet lag and night work fell asleep faster after using these glasses.
As for eye problems，a 2018 review study by in Australia found few evidence that blue-light-blocking glasses prevent eye-related diseases.
"These glasses aren't going to be harmful，"says Dr.Esparaz.But，she adds，there's no way to know if one pair is better than another.A（9） ______ （ reliable） solution：Turn on the blue light-filtering（过滤） function on your devices and limit screen time before bed.To help with eye problems，Dr.Esparaz suggests（10） ______ （ take） breaks and using relaxing eye drops.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
七、句子翻译：本大题共5小题，共20分。
43.由于糟糕的天气，我们无法游览这个罗马遗迹。（prevent） ______
44.我主张采取更严格的措施来保护濒危动物。（argue） ______
45.我上周在苏州尝了一道传统菜，味道超乎想象。（beyond） ______
46.这所大学拥有先进的图书馆，这为学生们提供了一个舒适安静的学习空间。（which） ______
47.我们曾经以为不同的语言会阻碍沟通，但结果却发现通过尊重和理解他人的文化，我们能够建立起深厚的友谊。（turn out） ______
八、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。
48.Directions：Write an English composition in no less than 100 words according to the situation given.
假设你是王明，你的好友李华在暑假里与父母一起去了欧洲旅游。在旅途中，他发邮件给你，说他不喜欢旅游，宁愿在家里玩游戏。回复李华一封邮件，告诉他旅游是非常有意义的。在邮件中，你必须：
（1）指出李华的认识误区；
（2）结合具体例子来说明旅游的好处。
注意：文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。
答案和解析
1.【答案】B
【解析】根据语境可知，表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作，要用过去将来时，且she与promote之间是动宾关系，要用过去将来时的被动语态。B项正确。
故选：B。
诺瓦克夫人听说她将被提升到附近一所学校任职。
解答此类问题要了解各种时态和语态的基本含义，并区别各种时态和语态之间的差异，了解某些时态和语态的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
2.【答案】C
【解析】空处是宾语从句，we和动词follow之间是被动关系，且由"There's somebody walking behind us."可知，有人正在后面走，所以此处指"我们正在被跟踪"，用现在进行时的被动语态形式be being done。C项正确。
故选：C。
有人在我们后面走，我想我们正在被跟踪。
解答此类问题要了解各种时态和语态的基本含义，并区别各种时态和语态之间的差异，了解某些时态和语态的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
3.【答案】A
【解析】根据句意"--你想自己攀登珠穆朗玛峰吗？--当然！这是每个登山者的梦想。这很贵也很难，但我希望有一天我能做到。"和句子结构可知，空格处意为"我能做到"，即我能登上珠穆朗玛峰。完整句子为It's expensive and hard，but I hope someday I'll be able to climb Qomolangma.结合英语语法规则，hope后应用省略句，依据省略规则应省略和前文相同的动词（短语），只保留动词不定式符号to。
故选：A。
--你想自己攀登珠穆朗玛峰吗？
--当然！这是每个登山者的梦想。这很贵也很难，但我希望有一天我能做到。
弄懂选项意思，结合句意和句子结构选择最佳选项，完成句子。
4.【答案】B
【解析】题干中句子主干是Professor Johnson is to visit our university next week，两个逗号中间部分是定语从句修饰Professor Johnson。在定语从句中缺少宾语，而且先行词是人，所以用关系代词who或that引导。空格前面有逗号，这个定语从句属于非限制性定语从句，关系代词that不能用于非限制性定语从句，所以只能填who。
故选：B。
我一直很钦佩的约翰逊教授下周将要参观我们的大学。
首先分析题干，弄清楚题干想要表达的意思，然后找出句子主干，分析空格部分在题干中的功能，断定出定语从句，从而根据句子成分，断定合适的关系词，最后选择最佳选项。
5.【答案】D
【解析】A.because因为；B.unless除非；C.before在……之前；D.when当……时候。根据句意"--看！多么可爱!我从来没见过这么短的蛇。--事实上，当它们完全长大后，这些蛇可以超过两米长。"空处意思应该是"当……时候"，D项正确。
故选：D。
--看！多么可爱!我从来没见过这么短的蛇。
--事实上，当它们完全长大后，这些蛇可以超过两米长。
考查从属连词，弄清楚各种从属连词引导什么状语从句，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意选择最合适的选项。
6.【答案】C
【解析】题干中句子主干是The valley is heavily polluted，空格部分___the town lies 是定语从句修饰主语The valley。在定语从句中lie是不及物动词，定语从句中不缺少主要的句子成分，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。
故选：C。
这个小镇坐落的那个山谷受到严重的污染。
首先分析题干，弄清楚题干想要表达的意思，然后找出句子主干，分析空格部分在题干中的功能，断定出定语从句，从而根据句子成分，断定合适的关系词，最后选择最佳选项。
7.【答案】A
【解析】A.Although虽然；B.When当……时候；C.If如果；D.Until直到。根据句意"虽然里德自己没有进球，但他帮助琼斯进了两个球。"空处意思应该是"虽然"，A项正确。
故选：A。
虽然里德自己没有进球，但他帮助琼斯进了两个球。
考查从属连词，弄清楚各种从属连词引导什么状语从句，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意选择最合适的选项。
8.【答案】B
【解析】已有谓语动词received，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词letter，letter和offer为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。
故选：B。
面试几天后，我收到了一封电子邮件，给了我这份工作。
非谓语动词中的现在分词主要起形容词和副词的作用，在句中作定语、表语、补语或状语，弄清楚现在分词的构成，时态与语态，然后根据题意及上下文选择最合适的答案。
9.【答案】D
【解析】题干中句子主干是Fortunately，we have a good GPS map，后面是定语从句修饰前面的a good GPS map。在定语从句中关系词指物，作介词without的宾语，因此使用关系代词which。
故选：D。
幸运的是，我们有一个好的GPS地图，没有它我们就会在森林里迷路。
首先分析题干，弄清楚题干想要表达的意思，然后找出句子主干，分析空格部分在题干中的功能，断定出定语从句，从而根据句子成分，断定合适的关系词，最后选择最佳选项。
10.【答案】C
【解析】分析可知空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，people和invite之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词形式。
故选：C。
被邀请参加聚会的一些人不能来。
本题考查过去分词作定语，考虑被修饰的名词和动词的关系是解题关键。
11.【答案】G
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：人们过去认为每个人每天应该喝8杯水，但专家表示，目前的研究支持关注你的个人需求，这种需求每天都会有所不同。分析句子，形容词修饰名词，设空处应用形容词修饰needs，表示"个人的"。故选G。
（2）考查名词。句意：如果这些建议听起来太多的水不适合你的口味，不要担心。分析句子，设空处应用名词作主语，结合句意，表示"建议"。故选E。
（3）考查副词。句意：事实上，你有时可以用这些饮料代替白开水。副词修饰句子，设空处应用副词修饰句子，表示"事实上"。故选D。
（4）考查形容词。句意：英国2014年的一项研究测量了两组受试者的体内水分：一组每天喝4杯咖啡，另一组喝等量的水。形容词修饰名词，设空处应用形容词修饰amount，表示"相等的"。故选C。
（5）考查过去分词。句意：当食物摄入和运动量得到控制时，研究人员发现体内水分水平没有显著差异。分析句子，结合is，设空处应用动词的过去分词，表示"被控制"。故选K。
（6）考查名词。句意：咖啡没有理由不计入你每天的饮水总量。分析句子，设空处应用名词作宾语，表示"总量"。故选H。
（7）考查过去分词。句意：在2015年发表在《美国临床营养学杂志》上的一项关于牛奶的研究中，英国研究人员发现，全脂和脱脂牛奶都能为人类提供更多的水分。分析句子，设空处应用过去分词，作study的后置定语，表示"发表"。故选A。
（8）考查现在分词。句意：这是因为它比水需要更长的时间来消化，从而使身体吸收更多。分析句子，句子中已有谓语，设空处应用现在分词，表示"允许"。故选F。
（9）考查形容词。句意：果汁不加糖的水果和蔬菜汁是维生素、矿物质和抗氧化剂的极好来源，可以减少感染并有助于预防与年龄相关的疾病。分析句子，形容词修饰名词，设空处应用形容词，表示"附加的；额外的"。故选J。
（10）考查动词。句意：果汁中含有的天然糖比加工糖消化得慢，有助于维持新陈代谢。help to do sth.帮助做某事，设空处应用动词原形，表示"保持，维持"。故选B。
我们的身体大约有60%是水，如果我们喝不饱，我们可能会极度疲劳和头痛。那么我们每天需要喝多少水呢？人们过去认为每个人每天应该喝8杯水，但专家表示，目前的研究支持关注你的个人需求，这种需求每天都会有所不同。
如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文和语法知识来帮助判断其形式。
12~15.【答案】C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Later that night，I walked behind my own dog to help her climb up the stairs，and heated up the homemade food that helps control her kidney（肾） disease.You can't imagine these extra cares when you began raising a puppy.For me，I am lucky to know this more"mature"love.To love，and to be loved，by an old dog is truly an honor.（那天晚上晚些时候，我跟在我自己的狗狗后面，帮她爬上楼梯，并加热自制的食物，帮助控制她的肾病。当你开始养一只小狗时，你无法想象这些额外的照顾。对我来说，我很幸运能知道这种更"成熟"的爱。爱一只老狗，也被它爱，都是一种荣耀。）可知在第二段中，作者提到他那天深夜做了什么是想告诉读者她正在照顾一只生病的老狗。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段In the home，she always needed to be beside someone，with at least one part of her touching one part of you.（在家里，她总是需要有人在身边，至少她的一部分触摸到你的一部分。）可知根据文章我们知道斯凯勒一直渴望有人在她身边。故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子Over the past few years，we have had to forgo certain family trips because we wanted to take care of her at home.（在过去的几年里，我们不得不放弃一些家庭旅行，因为我们想在家照顾她。）可知划线词意思是"放弃"。和"A.cancel.取消"意思接近。A.cancel.取消；B.forget .忘记；C.Organize.组织；D.Delay.推迟。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段However，I know this experience has taught our children about sacrifice and unconditional love.It has taught me the same.Dogs give us unconditional love.The least we can do is give it back.There will likely be times of great sadness and hardship，but in the end，you will feel very lucky for the time you have together.（然而，我知道这段经历教会了我们的孩子牺牲和无条件的爱。它教会了我同样的道理。狗给我们无条件的爱。至少我们可以把它还给他。可能会有非常悲伤和艰难的时刻，但最终，你会为你们在一起的时间感到非常幸运。）可知根据短文，作者对养狗的看法是她认为养狗对全家人来说都是值得的。故选D。
短文主要写了作者对自家老狗Skyler的爱和照顾。作者描述了Skyler年轻时的活泼和现在的老态，以及因此而需要额外照顾的情况。作者认为这种经历教会了自己和孩子们牺牲和无条件的爱。最后，作者强调了狗狗给予我们无条件的爱，我们也应该回报同样的爱。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~18.【答案】C、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一行表格Staying home or stepping out-help is always on hand when you need it（当你需要帮助的时候，呆在家里或出去帮忙总是在手边）可知，一位独自住在郊区房子里的老太太最有可能成为ADT医疗警报系统的目标客户。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据表格倒数第二行FREE＄ 50 Visa Prepaid Gift Card and FREE shipping（免费50美元Visa预付礼品卡和免费送货）可知，这两种设备都可以免费送货给用户。故选A。
（3）文章出处题。最后一行*Medical Alert Plus and On-The-Go medical alert devices can ONLY be discounted and sold over the phone.For more details visit http：//www..（*Medical Alert Plus和On-The-Go Medical Alert设备只能通过电话折扣和销售。有关更多详细信息，请访问http：//www.。）可知，文章是广告。最可能出自杂志的广告页。A.In a science fiction novel在科幻小说中；B.In a literature book在一本文学书中；C.On an ad page in a magazine 在杂志的广告页上；D.In a textbook on medical theories在医学理论教科书中。故选C。
本文为应用文。文章主要介绍了两个医疗设备的特点，费用等信息。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
19~22.【答案】C、D、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段Exactly when and where human beings began coming together in public to celebrate as a group can date back to hunter-gatherer societies，when success in the never-ending search for food，clothing，and shelter must have aroused the need to celebrate together.（确切地说，人类开始作为一个群体聚集在公共场所庆祝的时间和地点可以追溯到狩猎采集社会，当时对食物、衣服和住所的永无止境的寻找取得了成功，这肯定激发了人们一起庆祝的需求。）可知农民在秋天收获可以庆祝节日。故选C。
（2）词句猜测题。根据文章第三段Parades were also used to demonstrate military power and celebrate military victories；to attract customers to events such as the circus by giving the public a sample of the entertainment；or to celebrate ethnic（民族的） connection and holidays.The New York Times of October 28，1917，summed it up by saying，" If you take the parades out of history，you have precious little history left."（游行也被用来展示军事力量和庆祝军事胜利；通过向公众提供娱乐项目的样品来吸引顾客参加马戏团等活动；或者庆祝民族联系和节日。1917年10月28日的《纽约时报》总结道，"如果你把游行从历史中剔除，你就只剩下珍贵的历史了。"）可知划线句子的意思是""。A.If there is no parade，human history will be more precious.如果没有游行，人类的历史将更加珍贵；B.Students should be taught the importance of parades in history class.应该在历史课上教育学生游行的重要性；C.Only parades can be recorded in history books.历史书上只能记载游行；D.Many significant historic moments featured a parade.许多重要的历史时刻都以游行为特色。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段"Flash mobs"are a new way of gathering and celebrating.Secretly planned online，they bring together tens，hundreds，or thousands of individuals to perform some unusual or funny act in a public place（"快闪族"是一种新的聚会和庆祝方式。他们在网上秘密策划，将数十、数百或数千人聚集在一起，在公共场所表演一些不寻常或有趣的行为）可知快闪族是指一个在线团体在拥挤的火车站策划并表演舞蹈。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段Throughout history，across countries and cultures，celebrations are always worth significant amount of time and money spent planning，preparing，organizing，and carrying out an event.The priority given to celebrating seems to put it alongside food，shelter，love，and freedom as a basic need of humanity.（纵观历史，在不同的国家和文化中，庆祝活动总是值得花费大量的时间和金钱来计划、准备、组织和进行。对庆祝的优先考虑似乎将其与食物、住所、爱和自由并列为人类的基本需求。）可知本文主要讲述了世界各地的人们认真对待庆祝活动，并且许多人愿意付出巨大的努力和费用来计划和参与公共庆祝活动。因此本文的最佳标题是A.Why We Celebrate？（我们为什么庆祝？）。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了世界各地的人们认真对待庆祝活动，并且许多人愿意付出巨大的努力和费用来计划和参与公共庆祝活动。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。
23~26.【答案】C、E、F、B
【解析】（1）联系下文题。根据下文That also explains why groups with more women—who score higher on tests of social sensitivity—were more likely to stand out，said study leader Anita Williams Woolley，an expert in collective intelligence at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.（匹兹堡卡内基梅隆大学集体智力专家、研究负责人安妮塔 威廉姆斯 伍利说，这也解释了为什么女性人数较多的群体---在社会敏感性测试中得分较高---更有可能脱颖而出。）可知女性更容易读懂别人的表情，所以选项C"相反，如果一个团队中有能读懂别人表情的人，那么这个团队会更成功。"符合语境，故选C。
（2）联系下文题。根据下文The results revealed that certain groups were better at all types of tasks，which is the"primary evidence for collective intelligence，"Woolley said.（伍利说，研究结果显示，某些小组在所有类型的任务中都表现得更好，这是"集体智慧的主要证据"。）可知上文需要把志愿者分小组，所以选项E"然后志愿者们被分成两到五人一组，并被要求做一些简单的任务。"符合语境，故选E。
（3）联系下文题。根据下文As guessed，the groups' collective intelligence scores from the first round of tests predicted how they'd do on the following complex experiments，Woolley said.（伍利说，正如猜测的那样，这些小组在第一轮测试中的集体智力得分预测了他们在接下来的复杂实验中的表现。）可知下面的任务是复杂的，所以选项F"接下来，每组被要求执行更复杂的任务。"符合语境，故选F。
（4）联系下文题。根据下文especially as more decisions in fields such as business and the military are made in discussion-based settings，she said.（她说，尤其是在商业和军事等领域越来越多的决策是在讨论的基础上做出的。）以及例子 For instance，knowing a group's collective intelligence could be vital in a situation like starting a new business.（例如，了解一个群体的集体智慧在创业等情况下可能是至关重要的。）可知此处讲述了这种能力的运用，所以选项B"这种预测团队成功的能力可以在现实生活中提供指导"符合语境，故选B。
这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了群体智慧的重要性。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
27~41.【答案】B、A、A、D、C、C、D、C、B、B、D、A、B、D、C
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.research研究；B.medicine药；C.emotion情绪；D.stress压力。句意：现在，越来越多的科学证据表明，音乐也可以成为药。结合句意，表示"药"，指音乐能够对心理和身体健康有积极影响。故选B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.effects影响；B.causes原因；C.factors因素；D.themes主题。句意：蒙特利尔麦吉尔大学的心理学家和神经科学家Daniel Levitin对400篇研究音乐影响的研究论文进行了综述，他发现演奏和听音乐对身心健康有好处，包括改善我们的免疫系统和减轻压力。分析句子，指对音乐影响的研究。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.benefits好处；B.problems问题；C.influences影响；D.profits利益。句意：蒙特利尔麦吉尔大学的心理学家和神经科学家Daniel Levitin对400篇研究音乐影响的研究论文进行了综述，他发现演奏和听音乐对身心健康有好处，包括改善我们的免疫系统和减轻压力。分析句子，表示演奏和听音乐对身心健康有"好处"。故选A。
（4）考查介词及语境理解。A.after在......之后；B.during在......期间；C.without没有；D.before在......之前。句意：西班牙研究小组2007年的一项研究发现，手术前听音乐可以减少术前焦虑。结合句意，表示在手术前听音乐，可以减少焦虑。故选D。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.operation手术；B.participation参加；C.recovery恢复；D.therapy治疗。句意：这是一种负面情绪，会影响手术后的疼痛和恢复时间。分析句子，表示手术后，应指"恢复"。故选C。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.musicians音乐家；B.students学生；C.patients病人；D.researchers研究者。句意：2018年在巴塞罗那德尔马医院进行的另一项研究发现，参加音乐治疗项目的患者疲劳、焦虑和呼吸困难显著减轻，幸福感也有所增强。结合句意，表示参加音乐治疗项目的"患者"疲劳、焦虑和呼吸困难显著减轻。故选C。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.males男性；B.females女性；C.adults成人；D.children孩子。句意：音乐对帮助生病的孩子也有很大的作用。根据后文"young patients"可知，音乐对帮助生病的孩子也有很大的作用。故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.humor幽默；B.duty责任；C.control控制；D.loss损失。句意：Ruth Hunston是英国伦敦大奥蒙德街医院"演奏科"的音乐治疗师，她帮助年轻患者恢复一些控制感。结合句意，表示"控制"。故选C。
（9）考查形容词比较级及语境理解。A.wider更宽；B.smaller更小；C.freer更自由；D.deeper更深。句意："当孩子们在医院时，他们的世界会变得更小，"Hunston说，"他们和周围有很多事情要做，但音乐让他们自己创造一些东西。我有很多婴儿在医院里发出声音，因为我在给他们唱歌时，他们想要更多。"结合句意，孩子住院时，他们的世界会变得更小。故选B。
（10）考查现在分词及语境理解。A.speaking说；B.singing唱歌；C.sticking粘贴；粘住；D.smiling笑。句意："当孩子们在医院时，他们的世界会变得更小，"Hunston说，"他们和周围有很多事情要做，但音乐让他们自己创造一些东西。我让很多婴儿在医院里发出声音，因为我在给他们唱歌，他们想要更多。"结合句意，表示音乐对生病孩子的影响，应该是我对着孩子们"唱歌"。故选B。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.conversation对话；B.distinction区别；C.cooperation合作；D.interaction交流，互动。句意：每个人之间都有这种美丽的互动。结合句意，表示"互动"。故选D。
（12）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.step back后退；B.join in加入；C.turn away拒绝…进入；D.hold on继续。句意：有时我会退后一步，看着他们玩耍、大笑和享受乐趣。结合句意，表示"后退一步"。故选A。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.puzzling令人困惑的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.ridiculous可笑的；D.disappointing令人失望的。句意：找到那些有意义的时刻是治疗师的职责，但正如音乐治疗师Sarah Rose Black所指出的，人们一生都在与音乐联系——她只是在帮助他们在最需要的时候再次接触音乐——"我们生来就是音乐人"。结合句意，"那些有意义的时刻"。故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.forget忘记；B.refuse拒绝；C.change改变；D.access访问。句意：找到那些有意义的时刻是治疗师的职责，但正如音乐治疗师Sarah Rose Black所指出的，人们一生都在与音乐联系——她只是在帮助他们在最需要的时候再次接触音乐——"我们生来就是音乐人"。结合句意，表示"在帮助他们在最需要的时候再次接触音乐"。故选D。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.medical医疗的；B.digital数字的；C.musical音乐的；D.practical实践的。句意：找到那些有意义的时刻是治疗师的职责，但正如音乐治疗师Sarah Rose Black所指出的，人们一生都在与音乐联系——她只是在帮助他们在最需要的时候再次接触音乐——"我们生来就是音乐人"。结合句意，表示我们生来就是音乐人，指"音乐的"。故选C。
音乐对心理和身体健康有积极影响，包括提高免疫系统和减轻压力。研究表明，音乐可以减轻手术前的焦虑，减少手术后的疼痛感，并改善患者的疲劳、焦虑和呼吸困难。音乐也可以帮助病人找回一些生活的乐趣，让他们在医院里创造属于自己的东西。音乐治疗师的角色是发现这些美好的时刻，帮助人们重新连接音乐，因为人们天生就是社交动物。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
42.【答案】【小题1】If
【小题2】may
【小题3】from
【小题4】share
【小题5】It
【小题6】who/that
【小题7】which
【小题8】affected
【小题9】more reliable
【小题10】taking
【解析】（1）考查连词。句意：如果我们花大量的时间在它们身上，买一副防蓝光眼镜听起来很不错。前面表假设，故填If。
（2）考查情态动词。句意：毕竟，眼问题可能会导致睡眠不良甚至更严重的疾病。本句表示推测，故填may。
（3）考查介词。句意：眼镜的价格从1美元到几百美元不等。介词from......to......是固定搭配，由后面的介词to可知，故填from。
（4）考查动词。句意：一位眼科专家Elizabeth Esparaz.说眼镜公司所共认的原因是令人费解的。所给动词share在定语从句中作companies的谓语动词，时态上是一般现在时，主语是复数，故填share。
（5）考查代词。句意：它有助于我们的情绪和睡眠觉醒周期。空格中用it指代前面提到过的blue light，故填It。
（6）考查限制性定语从句。句意：所以戴防蓝光眼镜应该会帮助那些晚上躺在床上看电影或者用平板电脑的人避免失眠。先行词是人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填who/that。
（7）考查介词+关系词引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：一个2021年的复习研究，其中24个以前的研究都被看过了，发现戴了这些眼镜后，那些受睡眠障碍，时差，和夜间工作影响的人睡眠快了。（7）___和前面的介词共同引导定语从句修饰先行词A 2021 review study，故填which。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：一个2021年的复习研究，其中24个过去的研究都被看过了，发现戴了这些眼镜后，那些受睡眠障碍，时差，和夜间工作影响的人睡眠快了。affect和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，故填affected。
（9）考查形容词的比较级。句意：一个更加可靠的结论：睡觉前打开设备上的蓝光过滤功能，限制睡前看屏幕的时间。句意上和前面的戴防蓝光眼镜相比较，故填more reliable。
（10）考查动名词。句意：为了帮助解决眼问题，Dr.Esparaz.建议多休息和使用放松的眼药水。连词and连接两个并列的宾语，后面是动名词形式，前面也应该是动名词形式，共同作动词suggest的宾语，故填taking。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是防蓝光眼镜是否能够起作用，并给出一些具体的措施。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的词汇和语法知识。这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
43.【答案】The terrible weather prevented us from visiting the Roman relics./Due to the terrible weather we were prevented from visiting the Roman relics.
【解析】根据句意以及提示词可知，此处使用动词短语prevent sb from doing sth，"糟糕的天气"译为the terrible weather，作主语，"游览"使用动词visit，"这个罗马遗迹"译为the Roman relics，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故翻译为The terrible weather prevented us from visiting the Roman relics.；"由于"也可使用固定短语due to，句子使用代词we作主语，和动词prevent之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，译为Due to the terrible weather we were prevented from visiting the Roman relics.。
故翻译为：The terrible weather prevented us from visiting the Roman relics./Due to the terrible weather we were prevented from visiting the Roman relics.
由于糟糕的天气，我们无法游览这个罗马遗迹。
汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译。
44.【答案】I argue that more serious measures（should）be taken to protect endangered animals.
【解析】根据语境可知，句子是在陈述作者观点，应用一般现在时；"我主张"译为I argue，其后应用that引导宾语从句；表示"采取"应使用动词take，argue后面的从句应使用虚拟语气，即should do，其中should可以省略，"更严格的措施"译为more serious measures，从句主语不明确，可以使用被动句，"来保护濒危动物"译为to protect endangered animals，为动词不定式短语作目的状语。
故答案为：I argue that more serious measures（should）be taken to protect endangered animals.
我主张采取更严格的措施来保护濒危动物。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、词汇和语法知识，来选择合适的单词或者短语，组合成正确的句子。
45.【答案】I tried a traditional dish in Suzhou last week，whose taste was beyond imagination.
【解析】分析结构可知这句话是主从复合句，主句主语是I，谓语用一般过去时和last week一致，tried"尝试"，宾语是a traditional dish"一道传统菜"，定语从句由whose引导，修饰taste，谓语由be动词+介词短语beyond imagination"超乎想象"构成。
故填：I tried a traditional dish in Suzhou last week，whose taste was beyond imagination.
我上周在苏州尝了一道传统菜，味道超乎想象。
汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译。
46.【答案】There is an advanced library in this university ，which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space .
【解析】首先分析题意，本句子说的是目前的客观现实，所以翻译上需要用一般现在时。翻译时，主句应该是 "这所大学拥有先进的图书馆"There is an advanced library in this university ，后面部分"这为学生们提供了一个舒适安静的学习空间"作非限制性定语从句修饰前面的this university，即：which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space.
故填：There is an advanced library in this university ，which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space.
这所大学拥有先进的图书馆，这为学生们提供了一个舒适安静的学习空间。（which）
翻译题首先要弄清楚句子需要的时态，然后确定主句和从句，从而根据相关句型和词组来组织句子。
47.【答案】We thought that different languages would stop/prevent communication，but it turns out that by respecting and understanding other cultures，we can establish deep friendship.
【解析】表示"我们"应用we，为主句主语；表示"曾经以为"应用think的过去式thought，其后跟that引导的宾语从句；表示"不同的语言"应用different languages，为从句主语；表示"阻碍沟通"应用stop/prevent communication，宾语从句指向将来的动作，应用过去将来时；"但是"表示转折，应用but连接并列句；表示"结果"句型为it turns out that…，结合句意可知，句子是在陈述事实，应用一般现在时；表示"通过尊重和理解他人的文化"应用by respecting and understanding other cultures作方式状语，表示"我们"应用we，为从句主语，表示"能够建立"应用can establish，表示"深厚的友谊"应用deep friendship。
故答案为：We thought that different languages would stop/prevent communication，but it turns out that by respecting and understanding other cultures，we can establish deep friendship.
我们曾经以为不同的语言会阻碍沟通，但结果却发现通过尊重和理解他人的文化，我们能够建立起深厚的友谊。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、词汇和语法知识，来选择合适的单词或者短语，组合成正确的句子。
48.【答案】Dear Li Hua，
Hearing that you don't like traveling and would rather play games at home，I think this idea is wrong.【高分句型一】Tourism itself will bring us many benefits.（指出李华的认识误区）
Firstly，we can enjoy the beautiful scenery and relax ourselves.When we travel，we will be attracted by great landscape and forget pressure from both work and life.Secondly，we can make friends by traveling.For most travelers，they tend to find many companions to travel with.If you check the internet，you will find that some people will call others to join them for travel. 【高分句型二】Through this kind of travel，we can meet many different people and make friends with them to broaden our social circle.Thirdly，we can learn much knowledge form travel.Before you go to somewhere to travel，generally speaking，you need to make plans for your travel.You can find lots of things you don't know when you make a plan，such as，the origin of a certain area，the customs of different areas，local food and so on.（结合具体例子来说明旅游的好处）
In conclusion，we can not only relax ourselves and make new friends but at the same time we can learn much from travel.
Yours， Wang Ming
【解析】高分句型一：Hearing that you don't like traveling and would rather play games at home，I think this idea is wrong.
翻译：听说你不喜欢旅行，宁愿在家玩游戏，我觉得这种想法是错误的。
分析：本句使用了现在分词短语Hearing that you don't like traveling and would rather play games at home作状语以及that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：If you check the internet，you will find that some people will call others to join them for travel.
翻译：如果你上网，你会发现有些人会打电话给其他人一起旅行。
分析：本句使用了if引导的条件状语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
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一、单选题：本大题共10小题，共10分。
1.Mrs.Novak heard that she___________ to a post in a nearby school .（ ）
A. will promote B. would be promoted
C. had promoted D. has been promoted
2.There's somebody walking behind us.I think we ___________.（ ）
A. are following B. have followed
C. are being followed D. have been following
3.--Would you like to climb Qomolangma yourself？
--Of course!It's every climber's dream.It's expensive and hard，but I hope someday___________.（ ）
A. I'll be able to B. I'll be able.
C. I'll be. D. I'll be able to climb.
4.Professor Johnson，___________ I have long admired，is to visit our university next week.（ ）
A. which B. who C. that D. he
5.--Look!How cute!I've never seen such short snakes.
--Actually，___________they are fully grown，these snakes can be over two meters long.（ ）
A. because B. unless C. before D. when
6.The valley___________ the town lies is heavily polluted.（ ）
A. which B. that C. where D. when
7.___________Reid failed to score himself，he helped Jones to score two goals.（ ）
A. Although B. When C. If D. Until
8.A few days after the interview，I received an email___________me the job.（ ）
A. offered B. offering C. being offered D. offers
9.Fortunately，we have a good GPS map，without___________we will get lost in the forest .（ ）
A. it B. what C. that D. which
10.Some of the people___________ to the party can't come.（ ）
A. inviting B. having invited C. invited D. to invite
二、选词填空-句子：本大题共1小题，共10分。
11.
A.released B.maintain C.equal D.actually E.recommendations F.allowing G.individual H.totals I.limited J.added K.controlled
Drink Up-Hydrating beverages（补水饮料） that aren't water Our bodies are about 60% water and if we don't get enough to drink，we can suffer extreme tiredness and headaches.So how much water do we need to drink each day？People used to believe everyone should drink 8 glasses of water a day，but experts say current research supports paying attention to your（1） ______ needs which can vary from day to day.
Generally，the average adult male requires about 13 cups of water a day，while the average female needs just over 8 cups.On some days，though-when it's hot or you're working out or taking certain medicines-you may need more.
If those（2） ______ sound like way too much water for your taste，don't worry.You don't have to drink that much，and it doesn't have to be all water.You（3） ______ can sometimes replace plain water with these drinks：
COFFEE That's right，coffee.A 2014 U.K.study measured the body water of subjects in two groups：one that drank 4 cups of coffee a day and the other a（n）（4） ______ amount of water When the amount of food intake and exercise is（5） ______ ，researchers found no significant difference in body-water levels.There is no reason that coffee can't count toward your daily water（6） ______ Try to limit yourself to 3 or 4 cups max，though，to stay within healthy limits
MILK In a 2015 study（7） ______ in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition，British researchers found that cows' milk，both full-fat and skim，can provide humans with more water.That's because it takes longer to digest than water，（8） ______ the body to absorb more.Milk also supplies other nutrients that most of us need more of.
JUICE Fruit and vegetable juices with no（9） ______ sugar are an excellent source of vitamins，minerals and antioxidants，which can reduce infection and help prevent age-related diseases.Natural sugars contained in juice digest more slowly than processed sugar，helping to （10） ______ your metabolism（新陈代谢）.Orange juice is slightly more hydrating than water，according to a 2015 British study.
三、阅读理解：本大题共11小题，共22分。
A
We recently went to a friend's backyard to meet her new puppy.He was lovely beyond words.Our friend was wearing smiles as she told us about his first days at home.It was truly puppy love.
Later that night，I walked behind my own dog to help her climb up the stairs，and heated up the homemade food that helps control her kidney（肾） disease.You can't imagine these extra cares when you began raising a puppy.For me，I am lucky to know this more"mature"love.To love，and to be loved，by an old dog is truly an honor.
For a long time，I denied the fact that our dog was getting old，or I really didn't notice that Skyler was getting older.But these days，there is no denying the fact.Sometimes，she will fall while eating from her bowl and wait patiently for someone to help her up.
I still remember the first days of Skyler.In the home，she always needed to be beside someone，with at least one part of her touching one part of you.At the park，it was different.If we started running toward the end of a field，she would cross the finish line before we had even made it halfway.
Now，at 15，Skyler still needs to be right beside you on the couch.But it is hard.It is sad to see this once fast，strong dog struggle to walk up the front steps or to see her begging eyes whenever she needs help to get up on the couch.Over the past few years，we have had to forgo certain family trips because we wanted to take care of her at home.
However，I know this experience has taught our children about sacrifice and unconditional love.It has taught me the same.Dogs give us unconditional love.The least we can do is give it back.There will likely be times of great sadness and hardship，but in the end，you will feel very lucky for the time you have together.
12.In paragraph 2，why does the author mention what he did late that night？ ______
A. To complain about the troubles of raising a dog.
B. To show her regret of meeting her friend's new puppy.
C. To tell readers that she is taking care of an old sick dog.
D. To illustrate the correct way of caring for dogs.
13.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ ______
A. When the author first got Skyler，she was always running in the house.
B. Skyler has always been eager to have people beside her.
C. Skyler will beg for some food before she gets up.
D. To take care of Skyler，the author often brings her during the journey.
14.What does the underlined word forgo in paragraph 5 most probably mean？ ______
A. cancel. B. forget . C. Organize. D. Delay.
15.According to the passage，what does the author think of keeping a dog？ ______
A. She is strongly against keeping a dog.
B. She considers it a double-edged sword to keep a dog.
C. She suggests we should think twice before keeping a dog.
D. She thinks keeping a dog is worthwhile for the whole family.
B
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16.Which of the following is most likely to be the target customer of ADT Medical Alert system？ ______
A. A high school student who goes home after school without parents.
B. A newly married man whose wife is on a business trip.
C. An old lady who lives alone in a suburban house.
D. A young traveler who loves travelling on his/her own.
17.Which of the following is TRUE according to the advertisement？ ______
A. Both devices can be delivered to users free of charge.
B. Medical Alert Plus can help monitor body temperatures.
C. People can order the devices either on the phone or online.
D. On-The-Go can give warnings whenever users fall on the ground.
18.Where can you most probably see this passage？ ______
A. In a science fiction novel.
B. In a literature book.
C. On an ad page in a magazine.
D. In a textbook on medical theories.
C
People around the world take celebrating seriously，and many of them are willing to go to great effort and expense to plan and participate in public celebrations.
Exactly when and where human beings began coming together in public to celebrate as a group can date back to hunter-gatherer societies，when success in the never-ending search for food，clothing，and shelter must have aroused the need to celebrate together.
Besides the need for food and survival，there are records of religious parades dating back to 3000 B.C.Parades were also used to demonstrate military power and celebrate military victories；to attract customers to events such as the circus by giving the public a sample of the entertainment；or to celebrate ethnic（民族的） connection and holidays.The New York Times of October 28，1917，summed it up by saying，" If you take the parades out of history，you have precious little history left."
Of course，many modern celebrations are not connected to any religion.In the Internet era，electronic communication makes it possible to organize celebrations almost instantly."Flash mobs"are a new way of gathering and celebrating.Secretly planned online，they bring together tens，hundreds，or thousands of individuals to perform some unusual or funny act in a public place.Flash mobs not only reflect the increased speed of communication but also a lighter attitude to celebration.No longer is public celebrating something necessarily linked to human survival，religion，or deep traditions.
This does not mean，however，that modern celebrations are not socially conscious.One striking image inspiring community spirit is Edwards' photograph of crowds in Australia，who were gathering in the rain for a music festival to raise funds for wildfire relief.Throughout history，across countries and cultures，celebrations are always worth significant amount of time and money spent planning，preparing，organizing，and carrying out an event.The priority given to celebrating seems to put it alongside food，shelter，love，and freedom as a basic need of humanity.
19.According to the passage，which one of the following events can make celebrations happen？ ______
A. A business has made a huge profit.
B. It has been sunny for a week.
C. Farmers harvest in the autumn.
D. A new museum opens in the city center.
20.What does the underlined sentence （paragraph 3）imply？ ______
A. If there is no parade，human history will be more precious.
B. Students should be taught the importance of parades in history class.
C. Only parades can be recorded in history books.
D. Many significant historic moments featured a parade.
21.Which of the following best describes a flash mob？ ______
A. Four strangers meet at a concert and then decide to perform together in a public square.
B. Someone announces openly a series of performances to take place at school.
C. An online group plans and performs a dance in a crowded train station.
D. The number of people watching a street performer grows to several hundred.
22.Which of these is the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Why We Celebrate？
B. Celebration and Social Responsibility.
C. Planning a Parade.
D. The Origin of Celebration.
四、阅读七选五：本大题共4小题，共8分。
A.There's such a focus on individual intelligence and individual accomplishment.
B.This ability to predict group success may offer guidance in real-life situations
C.Instead，a group is more successful if it contains people who can read emotions from people's faces.
D.Group intelligence may also be rooted in the past.
E.The volunteers were then split into groups of two to five and asked to do some simple tasks.
F.Next，the groups were each asked to perform more complex tasks.
Group Intelligence
Being smart doesn't matter much if you're working in a group，according to the first study to calculate collective intelligence-a group's ability to succeed at a variety of tasks.
Surprisingly，in a team an individual's intelligence does not have much to do with success in thought-based tasks such as visual puzzles and negotiating over limited resources，a set of recent experiments found. （1） ______ That also explains why groups with more women—who score higher on tests of social sensitivity—were more likely to stand out，said study leader Anita Williams Woolley，an expert in collective intelligence at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Particularly intelligent groups also had more people who took turns speaking，according to the study，published in the journal Science.
To test the conclusion，Woolley and colleagues recruited 699 volunteers and first measured each person's intelligence and social sensitivity using standard psychological tests.（2） ______ The results revealed that certain groups were better at all types of tasks，which is the"primary evidence for collective intelligence，"Woolley said.
（ 3） ______ As guessed，the groups' collective intelligence scores from the first round of tests predicted how they'd do on the following complex experiments，Woolley said.
（ 4） ______ especially as more decisions in fields such as business and the military are made in discussion-based settings，she said.For instance，knowing a group's collective intelligence could be vital in a situation like starting a new business.
23.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
24.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
25.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
26.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
五、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Anyone who has felt a moment of joy when a favorite song comes on the radio at just the right moment or cried along with a singer expressing heartache will understand the emotional power of music.Now，a growing body of scientific evidence demonstrates that music can be （1） ______ too.
In a review of 400 research papers looking into the（2） ______ of music，Daniel Levitin，a psychologist and neuroscientist at McGill University in Montreal，found that playing and listening to music had mental and physical health （3） ______ ， including improving our immune systems and reducing stress.
One 2007 study from a team of Spanish researchers found that listening to music（4） ______ surgery had the effect in reducing pre-operative anxiety.It's a negative emotion which can affect pain after an operation and（5） ______ time Another study，conducted in 2018 in Barcelona's Hospital del Mar，found that （6） ______ participating in a music therapy（疗法） program experienced significant decreases in tiredness，anxiety and breathing difficulties，as well as an increase in feelings of well-being.
Music can have a huge effect on helping sick（7） ______ too.Ruth Hunston is a music therapist in the"play department"at the Great Ormond Street Hospital in London，England，who helps give young patients back some sense of （8） ______ .
"When children are in the hospital，their worlds get much （9） ______ ， "says Hunston "They're having so many things done to them and around them，but music allows them to create something themselves.I've had lots of babies in the hospital making sounds because I am （10） ______ to them，and they want more "
The parents also become part of the therapeutic process."What's really lovely is when you go in and you start to make music，and the children invite their parents to join，"she says."There is this beautiful （11） ______ between everyone.Sometimes I will（12） ______ and just watch them play，laugh and have fun."
Finding those （13） ______ moments is the therapist's role，but as music therapist Sarah Rose Black notes，people have been connecting with music for their whole lives-she is just helping them （14） ______ it again at a time when they need it most "We are born to be （15） ______ people ".
27.A. research B. medicine C. emotion D. stress
28.A. effects B. causes C. factors D. themes
29.A. benefits B. problems C. influences D. profits
30.A. after B. during C. without D. before
31.A. operation B. participation C. recovery D. therapy
32.A. musicians B. students C. patients D. researchers
33.A. males B. females C. adults D. children
34.A. humor B. duty C. control D. loss
35.A. wider B. smaller C. freer D. deeper
36.A. speaking B. singing C. sticking D. smiling
37.A. conversation B. distinction C. cooperation D. interaction
38.A. step back B. join in C. turn away D. hold on
39.A. puzzling B. meaningful C. ridiculous D. disappointing
40.A. forget B. refuse C. change D. access
41.A. medical B. digital C. musical D. practical
六、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共10分。
42.
Seeing Blue
Blue-light-blocking glasses are supposed protect eyes from blue light from our smartphones and computer screens. （1） ______ we spend much time on them，it sounds smart to buy a pair of blue light blocking glasses，right？After all，eye problems（2） ______ lead to poor sleep and even worse diseases.The glasses cost （3） ______ ＄15 to several hundred dollars.But do they work？
Elizabeth Esparaz，an ophthalmologist （眼科专家），says the reasons which glass companies （4） ______ （share） can be confusing .In fact，blue light is not always bad "The sun gives off more blue light than smart phones or computers，and it's actually beneficial，"says Dr.Esparaz. （5） ______ helps our mood and sleep wake cycle.
The problem is blue light at night：It can harmfully change our work-and-rest cycle and stop us from falling asleep.
So，wearing blue light blocking glasses should help people （6） ______ watch movies in bed or read from a tablet at night to avoid sleeplessness.A 2021 review study，in（7） ______ 24 past studies were looked at，found that people（8） ______ （ affect） by sleep disorders，jet lag and night work fell asleep faster after using these glasses.
As for eye problems，a 2018 review study by in Australia found few evidence that blue-light-blocking glasses prevent eye-related diseases.
"These glasses aren't going to be harmful，"says Dr.Esparaz.But，she adds，there's no way to know if one pair is better than another.A（9） ______ （ reliable） solution：Turn on the blue light-filtering（过滤） function on your devices and limit screen time before bed.To help with eye problems，Dr.Esparaz suggests（10） ______ （ take） breaks and using relaxing eye drops.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
七、句子翻译：本大题共5小题，共20分。
43.由于糟糕的天气，我们无法游览这个罗马遗迹。（prevent） ______
44.我主张采取更严格的措施来保护濒危动物。（argue） ______
45.我上周在苏州尝了一道传统菜，味道超乎想象。（beyond） ______
46.这所大学拥有先进的图书馆，这为学生们提供了一个舒适安静的学习空间。（which） ______
47.我们曾经以为不同的语言会阻碍沟通，但结果却发现通过尊重和理解他人的文化，我们能够建立起深厚的友谊。（turn out） ______
八、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。
48.Directions：Write an English composition in no less than 100 words according to the situation given.
假设你是王明，你的好友李华在暑假里与父母一起去了欧洲旅游。在旅途中，他发邮件给你，说他不喜欢旅游，宁愿在家里玩游戏。回复李华一封邮件，告诉他旅游是非常有意义的。在邮件中，你必须：
（1）指出李华的认识误区；
（2）结合具体例子来说明旅游的好处。
注意：文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。
答案和解析
1.【答案】B
【解析】根据语境可知，表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作，要用过去将来时，且she与promote之间是动宾关系，要用过去将来时的被动语态。B项正确。
故选：B。
诺瓦克夫人听说她将被提升到附近一所学校任职。
解答此类问题要了解各种时态和语态的基本含义，并区别各种时态和语态之间的差异，了解某些时态和语态的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
2.【答案】C
【解析】空处是宾语从句，we和动词follow之间是被动关系，且由"There's somebody walking behind us."可知，有人正在后面走，所以此处指"我们正在被跟踪"，用现在进行时的被动语态形式be being done。C项正确。
故选：C。
有人在我们后面走，我想我们正在被跟踪。
解答此类问题要了解各种时态和语态的基本含义，并区别各种时态和语态之间的差异，了解某些时态和语态的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
3.【答案】A
【解析】根据句意"--你想自己攀登珠穆朗玛峰吗？--当然！这是每个登山者的梦想。这很贵也很难，但我希望有一天我能做到。"和句子结构可知，空格处意为"我能做到"，即我能登上珠穆朗玛峰。完整句子为It's expensive and hard，but I hope someday I'll be able to climb Qomolangma.结合英语语法规则，hope后应用省略句，依据省略规则应省略和前文相同的动词（短语），只保留动词不定式符号to。
故选：A。
--你想自己攀登珠穆朗玛峰吗？
--当然！这是每个登山者的梦想。这很贵也很难，但我希望有一天我能做到。
弄懂选项意思，结合句意和句子结构选择最佳选项，完成句子。
4.【答案】B
【解析】题干中句子主干是Professor Johnson is to visit our university next week，两个逗号中间部分是定语从句修饰Professor Johnson。在定语从句中缺少宾语，而且先行词是人，所以用关系代词who或that引导。空格前面有逗号，这个定语从句属于非限制性定语从句，关系代词that不能用于非限制性定语从句，所以只能填who。
故选：B。
我一直很钦佩的约翰逊教授下周将要参观我们的大学。
首先分析题干，弄清楚题干想要表达的意思，然后找出句子主干，分析空格部分在题干中的功能，断定出定语从句，从而根据句子成分，断定合适的关系词，最后选择最佳选项。
5.【答案】D
【解析】A.because因为；B.unless除非；C.before在……之前；D.when当……时候。根据句意"--看！多么可爱!我从来没见过这么短的蛇。--事实上，当它们完全长大后，这些蛇可以超过两米长。"空处意思应该是"当……时候"，D项正确。
故选：D。
--看！多么可爱!我从来没见过这么短的蛇。
--事实上，当它们完全长大后，这些蛇可以超过两米长。
考查从属连词，弄清楚各种从属连词引导什么状语从句，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意选择最合适的选项。
6.【答案】C
【解析】题干中句子主干是The valley is heavily polluted，空格部分___the town lies 是定语从句修饰主语The valley。在定语从句中lie是不及物动词，定语从句中不缺少主要的句子成分，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。
故选：C。
这个小镇坐落的那个山谷受到严重的污染。
首先分析题干，弄清楚题干想要表达的意思，然后找出句子主干，分析空格部分在题干中的功能，断定出定语从句，从而根据句子成分，断定合适的关系词，最后选择最佳选项。
7.【答案】A
【解析】A.Although虽然；B.When当……时候；C.If如果；D.Until直到。根据句意"虽然里德自己没有进球，但他帮助琼斯进了两个球。"空处意思应该是"虽然"，A项正确。
故选：A。
虽然里德自己没有进球，但他帮助琼斯进了两个球。
考查从属连词，弄清楚各种从属连词引导什么状语从句，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意选择最合适的选项。
8.【答案】B
【解析】已有谓语动词received，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词letter，letter和offer为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。
故选：B。
面试几天后，我收到了一封电子邮件，给了我这份工作。
非谓语动词中的现在分词主要起形容词和副词的作用，在句中作定语、表语、补语或状语，弄清楚现在分词的构成，时态与语态，然后根据题意及上下文选择最合适的答案。
9.【答案】D
【解析】题干中句子主干是Fortunately，we have a good GPS map，后面是定语从句修饰前面的a good GPS map。在定语从句中关系词指物，作介词without的宾语，因此使用关系代词which。
故选：D。
幸运的是，我们有一个好的GPS地图，没有它我们就会在森林里迷路。
首先分析题干，弄清楚题干想要表达的意思，然后找出句子主干，分析空格部分在题干中的功能，断定出定语从句，从而根据句子成分，断定合适的关系词，最后选择最佳选项。
10.【答案】C
【解析】分析可知空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，people和invite之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词形式。
故选：C。
被邀请参加聚会的一些人不能来。
本题考查过去分词作定语，考虑被修饰的名词和动词的关系是解题关键。
11.【答案】G
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：人们过去认为每个人每天应该喝8杯水，但专家表示，目前的研究支持关注你的个人需求，这种需求每天都会有所不同。分析句子，形容词修饰名词，设空处应用形容词修饰needs，表示"个人的"。故选G。
（2）考查名词。句意：如果这些建议听起来太多的水不适合你的口味，不要担心。分析句子，设空处应用名词作主语，结合句意，表示"建议"。故选E。
（3）考查副词。句意：事实上，你有时可以用这些饮料代替白开水。副词修饰句子，设空处应用副词修饰句子，表示"事实上"。故选D。
（4）考查形容词。句意：英国2014年的一项研究测量了两组受试者的体内水分：一组每天喝4杯咖啡，另一组喝等量的水。形容词修饰名词，设空处应用形容词修饰amount，表示"相等的"。故选C。
（5）考查过去分词。句意：当食物摄入和运动量得到控制时，研究人员发现体内水分水平没有显著差异。分析句子，结合is，设空处应用动词的过去分词，表示"被控制"。故选K。
（6）考查名词。句意：咖啡没有理由不计入你每天的饮水总量。分析句子，设空处应用名词作宾语，表示"总量"。故选H。
（7）考查过去分词。句意：在2015年发表在《美国临床营养学杂志》上的一项关于牛奶的研究中，英国研究人员发现，全脂和脱脂牛奶都能为人类提供更多的水分。分析句子，设空处应用过去分词，作study的后置定语，表示"发表"。故选A。
（8）考查现在分词。句意：这是因为它比水需要更长的时间来消化，从而使身体吸收更多。分析句子，句子中已有谓语，设空处应用现在分词，表示"允许"。故选F。
（9）考查形容词。句意：果汁不加糖的水果和蔬菜汁是维生素、矿物质和抗氧化剂的极好来源，可以减少感染并有助于预防与年龄相关的疾病。分析句子，形容词修饰名词，设空处应用形容词，表示"附加的；额外的"。故选J。
（10）考查动词。句意：果汁中含有的天然糖比加工糖消化得慢，有助于维持新陈代谢。help to do sth.帮助做某事，设空处应用动词原形，表示"保持，维持"。故选B。
我们的身体大约有60%是水，如果我们喝不饱，我们可能会极度疲劳和头痛。那么我们每天需要喝多少水呢？人们过去认为每个人每天应该喝8杯水，但专家表示，目前的研究支持关注你的个人需求，这种需求每天都会有所不同。
如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文和语法知识来帮助判断其形式。
12~15.【答案】C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Later that night，I walked behind my own dog to help her climb up the stairs，and heated up the homemade food that helps control her kidney（肾） disease.You can't imagine these extra cares when you began raising a puppy.For me，I am lucky to know this more"mature"love.To love，and to be loved，by an old dog is truly an honor.（那天晚上晚些时候，我跟在我自己的狗狗后面，帮她爬上楼梯，并加热自制的食物，帮助控制她的肾病。当你开始养一只小狗时，你无法想象这些额外的照顾。对我来说，我很幸运能知道这种更"成熟"的爱。爱一只老狗，也被它爱，都是一种荣耀。）可知在第二段中，作者提到他那天深夜做了什么是想告诉读者她正在照顾一只生病的老狗。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段In the home，she always needed to be beside someone，with at least one part of her touching one part of you.（在家里，她总是需要有人在身边，至少她的一部分触摸到你的一部分。）可知根据文章我们知道斯凯勒一直渴望有人在她身边。故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子Over the past few years，we have had to forgo certain family trips because we wanted to take care of her at home.（在过去的几年里，我们不得不放弃一些家庭旅行，因为我们想在家照顾她。）可知划线词意思是"放弃"。和"A.cancel.取消"意思接近。A.cancel.取消；B.forget .忘记；C.Organize.组织；D.Delay.推迟。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段However，I know this experience has taught our children about sacrifice and unconditional love.It has taught me the same.Dogs give us unconditional love.The least we can do is give it back.There will likely be times of great sadness and hardship，but in the end，you will feel very lucky for the time you have together.（然而，我知道这段经历教会了我们的孩子牺牲和无条件的爱。它教会了我同样的道理。狗给我们无条件的爱。至少我们可以把它还给他。可能会有非常悲伤和艰难的时刻，但最终，你会为你们在一起的时间感到非常幸运。）可知根据短文，作者对养狗的看法是她认为养狗对全家人来说都是值得的。故选D。
短文主要写了作者对自家老狗Skyler的爱和照顾。作者描述了Skyler年轻时的活泼和现在的老态，以及因此而需要额外照顾的情况。作者认为这种经历教会了自己和孩子们牺牲和无条件的爱。最后，作者强调了狗狗给予我们无条件的爱，我们也应该回报同样的爱。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~18.【答案】C、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一行表格Staying home or stepping out-help is always on hand when you need it（当你需要帮助的时候，呆在家里或出去帮忙总是在手边）可知，一位独自住在郊区房子里的老太太最有可能成为ADT医疗警报系统的目标客户。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据表格倒数第二行FREE＄ 50 Visa Prepaid Gift Card and FREE shipping（免费50美元Visa预付礼品卡和免费送货）可知，这两种设备都可以免费送货给用户。故选A。
（3）文章出处题。最后一行*Medical Alert Plus and On-The-Go medical alert devices can ONLY be discounted and sold over the phone.For more details visit http：//www..（*Medical Alert Plus和On-The-Go Medical Alert设备只能通过电话折扣和销售。有关更多详细信息，请访问http：//www.。）可知，文章是广告。最可能出自杂志的广告页。A.In a science fiction novel在科幻小说中；B.In a literature book在一本文学书中；C.On an ad page in a magazine 在杂志的广告页上；D.In a textbook on medical theories在医学理论教科书中。故选C。
本文为应用文。文章主要介绍了两个医疗设备的特点，费用等信息。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
19~22.【答案】C、D、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段Exactly when and where human beings began coming together in public to celebrate as a group can date back to hunter-gatherer societies，when success in the never-ending search for food，clothing，and shelter must have aroused the need to celebrate together.（确切地说，人类开始作为一个群体聚集在公共场所庆祝的时间和地点可以追溯到狩猎采集社会，当时对食物、衣服和住所的永无止境的寻找取得了成功，这肯定激发了人们一起庆祝的需求。）可知农民在秋天收获可以庆祝节日。故选C。
（2）词句猜测题。根据文章第三段Parades were also used to demonstrate military power and celebrate military victories；to attract customers to events such as the circus by giving the public a sample of the entertainment；or to celebrate ethnic（民族的） connection and holidays.The New York Times of October 28，1917，summed it up by saying，" If you take the parades out of history，you have precious little history left."（游行也被用来展示军事力量和庆祝军事胜利；通过向公众提供娱乐项目的样品来吸引顾客参加马戏团等活动；或者庆祝民族联系和节日。1917年10月28日的《纽约时报》总结道，"如果你把游行从历史中剔除，你就只剩下珍贵的历史了。"）可知划线句子的意思是""。A.If there is no parade，human history will be more precious.如果没有游行，人类的历史将更加珍贵；B.Students should be taught the importance of parades in history class.应该在历史课上教育学生游行的重要性；C.Only parades can be recorded in history books.历史书上只能记载游行；D.Many significant historic moments featured a parade.许多重要的历史时刻都以游行为特色。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段"Flash mobs"are a new way of gathering and celebrating.Secretly planned online，they bring together tens，hundreds，or thousands of individuals to perform some unusual or funny act in a public place（"快闪族"是一种新的聚会和庆祝方式。他们在网上秘密策划，将数十、数百或数千人聚集在一起，在公共场所表演一些不寻常或有趣的行为）可知快闪族是指一个在线团体在拥挤的火车站策划并表演舞蹈。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段Throughout history，across countries and cultures，celebrations are always worth significant amount of time and money spent planning，preparing，organizing，and carrying out an event.The priority given to celebrating seems to put it alongside food，shelter，love，and freedom as a basic need of humanity.（纵观历史，在不同的国家和文化中，庆祝活动总是值得花费大量的时间和金钱来计划、准备、组织和进行。对庆祝的优先考虑似乎将其与食物、住所、爱和自由并列为人类的基本需求。）可知本文主要讲述了世界各地的人们认真对待庆祝活动，并且许多人愿意付出巨大的努力和费用来计划和参与公共庆祝活动。因此本文的最佳标题是A.Why We Celebrate？（我们为什么庆祝？）。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了世界各地的人们认真对待庆祝活动，并且许多人愿意付出巨大的努力和费用来计划和参与公共庆祝活动。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。
23~26.【答案】C、E、F、B
【解析】（1）联系下文题。根据下文That also explains why groups with more women—who score higher on tests of social sensitivity—were more likely to stand out，said study leader Anita Williams Woolley，an expert in collective intelligence at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.（匹兹堡卡内基梅隆大学集体智力专家、研究负责人安妮塔 威廉姆斯 伍利说，这也解释了为什么女性人数较多的群体---在社会敏感性测试中得分较高---更有可能脱颖而出。）可知女性更容易读懂别人的表情，所以选项C"相反，如果一个团队中有能读懂别人表情的人，那么这个团队会更成功。"符合语境，故选C。
（2）联系下文题。根据下文The results revealed that certain groups were better at all types of tasks，which is the"primary evidence for collective intelligence，"Woolley said.（伍利说，研究结果显示，某些小组在所有类型的任务中都表现得更好，这是"集体智慧的主要证据"。）可知上文需要把志愿者分小组，所以选项E"然后志愿者们被分成两到五人一组，并被要求做一些简单的任务。"符合语境，故选E。
（3）联系下文题。根据下文As guessed，the groups' collective intelligence scores from the first round of tests predicted how they'd do on the following complex experiments，Woolley said.（伍利说，正如猜测的那样，这些小组在第一轮测试中的集体智力得分预测了他们在接下来的复杂实验中的表现。）可知下面的任务是复杂的，所以选项F"接下来，每组被要求执行更复杂的任务。"符合语境，故选F。
（4）联系下文题。根据下文especially as more decisions in fields such as business and the military are made in discussion-based settings，she said.（她说，尤其是在商业和军事等领域越来越多的决策是在讨论的基础上做出的。）以及例子 For instance，knowing a group's collective intelligence could be vital in a situation like starting a new business.（例如，了解一个群体的集体智慧在创业等情况下可能是至关重要的。）可知此处讲述了这种能力的运用，所以选项B"这种预测团队成功的能力可以在现实生活中提供指导"符合语境，故选B。
这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了群体智慧的重要性。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
27~41.【答案】B、A、A、D、C、C、D、C、B、B、D、A、B、D、C
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.research研究；B.medicine药；C.emotion情绪；D.stress压力。句意：现在，越来越多的科学证据表明，音乐也可以成为药。结合句意，表示"药"，指音乐能够对心理和身体健康有积极影响。故选B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.effects影响；B.causes原因；C.factors因素；D.themes主题。句意：蒙特利尔麦吉尔大学的心理学家和神经科学家Daniel Levitin对400篇研究音乐影响的研究论文进行了综述，他发现演奏和听音乐对身心健康有好处，包括改善我们的免疫系统和减轻压力。分析句子，指对音乐影响的研究。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.benefits好处；B.problems问题；C.influences影响；D.profits利益。句意：蒙特利尔麦吉尔大学的心理学家和神经科学家Daniel Levitin对400篇研究音乐影响的研究论文进行了综述，他发现演奏和听音乐对身心健康有好处，包括改善我们的免疫系统和减轻压力。分析句子，表示演奏和听音乐对身心健康有"好处"。故选A。
（4）考查介词及语境理解。A.after在......之后；B.during在......期间；C.without没有；D.before在......之前。句意：西班牙研究小组2007年的一项研究发现，手术前听音乐可以减少术前焦虑。结合句意，表示在手术前听音乐，可以减少焦虑。故选D。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.operation手术；B.participation参加；C.recovery恢复；D.therapy治疗。句意：这是一种负面情绪，会影响手术后的疼痛和恢复时间。分析句子，表示手术后，应指"恢复"。故选C。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.musicians音乐家；B.students学生；C.patients病人；D.researchers研究者。句意：2018年在巴塞罗那德尔马医院进行的另一项研究发现，参加音乐治疗项目的患者疲劳、焦虑和呼吸困难显著减轻，幸福感也有所增强。结合句意，表示参加音乐治疗项目的"患者"疲劳、焦虑和呼吸困难显著减轻。故选C。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.males男性；B.females女性；C.adults成人；D.children孩子。句意：音乐对帮助生病的孩子也有很大的作用。根据后文"young patients"可知，音乐对帮助生病的孩子也有很大的作用。故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.humor幽默；B.duty责任；C.control控制；D.loss损失。句意：Ruth Hunston是英国伦敦大奥蒙德街医院"演奏科"的音乐治疗师，她帮助年轻患者恢复一些控制感。结合句意，表示"控制"。故选C。
（9）考查形容词比较级及语境理解。A.wider更宽；B.smaller更小；C.freer更自由；D.deeper更深。句意："当孩子们在医院时，他们的世界会变得更小，"Hunston说，"他们和周围有很多事情要做，但音乐让他们自己创造一些东西。我有很多婴儿在医院里发出声音，因为我在给他们唱歌时，他们想要更多。"结合句意，孩子住院时，他们的世界会变得更小。故选B。
（10）考查现在分词及语境理解。A.speaking说；B.singing唱歌；C.sticking粘贴；粘住；D.smiling笑。句意："当孩子们在医院时，他们的世界会变得更小，"Hunston说，"他们和周围有很多事情要做，但音乐让他们自己创造一些东西。我让很多婴儿在医院里发出声音，因为我在给他们唱歌，他们想要更多。"结合句意，表示音乐对生病孩子的影响，应该是我对着孩子们"唱歌"。故选B。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.conversation对话；B.distinction区别；C.cooperation合作；D.interaction交流，互动。句意：每个人之间都有这种美丽的互动。结合句意，表示"互动"。故选D。
（12）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.step back后退；B.join in加入；C.turn away拒绝…进入；D.hold on继续。句意：有时我会退后一步，看着他们玩耍、大笑和享受乐趣。结合句意，表示"后退一步"。故选A。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.puzzling令人困惑的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.ridiculous可笑的；D.disappointing令人失望的。句意：找到那些有意义的时刻是治疗师的职责，但正如音乐治疗师Sarah Rose Black所指出的，人们一生都在与音乐联系——她只是在帮助他们在最需要的时候再次接触音乐——"我们生来就是音乐人"。结合句意，"那些有意义的时刻"。故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.forget忘记；B.refuse拒绝；C.change改变；D.access访问。句意：找到那些有意义的时刻是治疗师的职责，但正如音乐治疗师Sarah Rose Black所指出的，人们一生都在与音乐联系——她只是在帮助他们在最需要的时候再次接触音乐——"我们生来就是音乐人"。结合句意，表示"在帮助他们在最需要的时候再次接触音乐"。故选D。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.medical医疗的；B.digital数字的；C.musical音乐的；D.practical实践的。句意：找到那些有意义的时刻是治疗师的职责，但正如音乐治疗师Sarah Rose Black所指出的，人们一生都在与音乐联系——她只是在帮助他们在最需要的时候再次接触音乐——"我们生来就是音乐人"。结合句意，表示我们生来就是音乐人，指"音乐的"。故选C。
音乐对心理和身体健康有积极影响，包括提高免疫系统和减轻压力。研究表明，音乐可以减轻手术前的焦虑，减少手术后的疼痛感，并改善患者的疲劳、焦虑和呼吸困难。音乐也可以帮助病人找回一些生活的乐趣，让他们在医院里创造属于自己的东西。音乐治疗师的角色是发现这些美好的时刻，帮助人们重新连接音乐，因为人们天生就是社交动物。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
42.【答案】【小题1】If
【小题2】may
【小题3】from
【小题4】share
【小题5】It
【小题6】who/that
【小题7】which
【小题8】affected
【小题9】more reliable
【小题10】taking
【解析】（1）考查连词。句意：如果我们花大量的时间在它们身上，买一副防蓝光眼镜听起来很不错。前面表假设，故填If。
（2）考查情态动词。句意：毕竟，眼问题可能会导致睡眠不良甚至更严重的疾病。本句表示推测，故填may。
（3）考查介词。句意：眼镜的价格从1美元到几百美元不等。介词from......to......是固定搭配，由后面的介词to可知，故填from。
（4）考查动词。句意：一位眼科专家Elizabeth Esparaz.说眼镜公司所共认的原因是令人费解的。所给动词share在定语从句中作companies的谓语动词，时态上是一般现在时，主语是复数，故填share。
（5）考查代词。句意：它有助于我们的情绪和睡眠觉醒周期。空格中用it指代前面提到过的blue light，故填It。
（6）考查限制性定语从句。句意：所以戴防蓝光眼镜应该会帮助那些晚上躺在床上看电影或者用平板电脑的人避免失眠。先行词是人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填who/that。
（7）考查介词+关系词引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：一个2021年的复习研究，其中24个以前的研究都被看过了，发现戴了这些眼镜后，那些受睡眠障碍，时差，和夜间工作影响的人睡眠快了。（7）___和前面的介词共同引导定语从句修饰先行词A 2021 review study，故填which。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：一个2021年的复习研究，其中24个过去的研究都被看过了，发现戴了这些眼镜后，那些受睡眠障碍，时差，和夜间工作影响的人睡眠快了。affect和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，故填affected。
（9）考查形容词的比较级。句意：一个更加可靠的结论：睡觉前打开设备上的蓝光过滤功能，限制睡前看屏幕的时间。句意上和前面的戴防蓝光眼镜相比较，故填more reliable。
（10）考查动名词。句意：为了帮助解决眼问题，Dr.Esparaz.建议多休息和使用放松的眼药水。连词and连接两个并列的宾语，后面是动名词形式，前面也应该是动名词形式，共同作动词suggest的宾语，故填taking。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是防蓝光眼镜是否能够起作用，并给出一些具体的措施。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的词汇和语法知识。这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
43.【答案】The terrible weather prevented us from visiting the Roman relics./Due to the terrible weather we were prevented from visiting the Roman relics.
【解析】根据句意以及提示词可知，此处使用动词短语prevent sb from doing sth，"糟糕的天气"译为the terrible weather，作主语，"游览"使用动词visit，"这个罗马遗迹"译为the Roman relics，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故翻译为The terrible weather prevented us from visiting the Roman relics.；"由于"也可使用固定短语due to，句子使用代词we作主语，和动词prevent之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，译为Due to the terrible weather we were prevented from visiting the Roman relics.。
故翻译为：The terrible weather prevented us from visiting the Roman relics./Due to the terrible weather we were prevented from visiting the Roman relics.
由于糟糕的天气，我们无法游览这个罗马遗迹。
汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译。
44.【答案】I argue that more serious measures（should）be taken to protect endangered animals.
【解析】根据语境可知，句子是在陈述作者观点，应用一般现在时；"我主张"译为I argue，其后应用that引导宾语从句；表示"采取"应使用动词take，argue后面的从句应使用虚拟语气，即should do，其中should可以省略，"更严格的措施"译为more serious measures，从句主语不明确，可以使用被动句，"来保护濒危动物"译为to protect endangered animals，为动词不定式短语作目的状语。
故答案为：I argue that more serious measures（should）be taken to protect endangered animals.
我主张采取更严格的措施来保护濒危动物。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、词汇和语法知识，来选择合适的单词或者短语，组合成正确的句子。
45.【答案】I tried a traditional dish in Suzhou last week，whose taste was beyond imagination.
【解析】分析结构可知这句话是主从复合句，主句主语是I，谓语用一般过去时和last week一致，tried"尝试"，宾语是a traditional dish"一道传统菜"，定语从句由whose引导，修饰taste，谓语由be动词+介词短语beyond imagination"超乎想象"构成。
故填：I tried a traditional dish in Suzhou last week，whose taste was beyond imagination.
我上周在苏州尝了一道传统菜，味道超乎想象。
汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译。
46.【答案】There is an advanced library in this university ，which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space .
【解析】首先分析题意，本句子说的是目前的客观现实，所以翻译上需要用一般现在时。翻译时，主句应该是 "这所大学拥有先进的图书馆"There is an advanced library in this university ，后面部分"这为学生们提供了一个舒适安静的学习空间"作非限制性定语从句修饰前面的this university，即：which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space.
故填：There is an advanced library in this university ，which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space.
这所大学拥有先进的图书馆，这为学生们提供了一个舒适安静的学习空间。（which）
翻译题首先要弄清楚句子需要的时态，然后确定主句和从句，从而根据相关句型和词组来组织句子。
47.【答案】We thought that different languages would stop/prevent communication，but it turns out that by respecting and understanding other cultures，we can establish deep friendship.
【解析】表示"我们"应用we，为主句主语；表示"曾经以为"应用think的过去式thought，其后跟that引导的宾语从句；表示"不同的语言"应用different languages，为从句主语；表示"阻碍沟通"应用stop/prevent communication，宾语从句指向将来的动作，应用过去将来时；"但是"表示转折，应用but连接并列句；表示"结果"句型为it turns out that…，结合句意可知，句子是在陈述事实，应用一般现在时；表示"通过尊重和理解他人的文化"应用by respecting and understanding other cultures作方式状语，表示"我们"应用we，为从句主语，表示"能够建立"应用can establish，表示"深厚的友谊"应用deep friendship。
故答案为：We thought that different languages would stop/prevent communication，but it turns out that by respecting and understanding other cultures，we can establish deep friendship.
我们曾经以为不同的语言会阻碍沟通，但结果却发现通过尊重和理解他人的文化，我们能够建立起深厚的友谊。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、词汇和语法知识，来选择合适的单词或者短语，组合成正确的句子。
48.【答案】Dear Li Hua，
Hearing that you don't like traveling and would rather play games at home，I think this idea is wrong.【高分句型一】Tourism itself will bring us many benefits.（指出李华的认识误区）
Firstly，we can enjoy the beautiful scenery and relax ourselves.When we travel，we will be attracted by great landscape and forget pressure from both work and life.Secondly，we can make friends by traveling.For most travelers，they tend to find many companions to travel with.If you check the internet，you will find that some people will call others to join them for travel. 【高分句型二】Through this kind of travel，we can meet many different people and make friends with them to broaden our social circle.Thirdly，we can learn much knowledge form travel.Before you go to somewhere to travel，generally speaking，you need to make plans for your travel.You can find lots of things you don't know when you make a plan，such as，the origin of a certain area，the customs of different areas，local food and so on.（结合具体例子来说明旅游的好处）
In conclusion，we can not only relax ourselves and make new friends but at the same time we can learn much from travel.
Yours， Wang Ming
【解析】高分句型一：Hearing that you don't like traveling and would rather play games at home，I think this idea is wrong.
翻译：听说你不喜欢旅行，宁愿在家玩游戏，我觉得这种想法是错误的。
分析：本句使用了现在分词短语Hearing that you don't like traveling and would rather play games at home作状语以及that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：If you check the internet，you will find that some people will call others to join them for travel.
翻译：如果你上网，你会发现有些人会打电话给其他人一起旅行。
分析：本句使用了if引导的条件状语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
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