2023—2024学年郑州市宇华实验学校高三上学期期末考试
英 语
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time is it now probably
A. One o’clock p.m. B. Two o’clock p.m. C. Three o’clock p.m.
2. Which is the man good at
A. High jump. B. Long jump. C. Table tennis.
3. What will the man do in the morning
A. Pick up the woman.
B. Go to the airport.
C. Attend a meeting.
4. Why does the man buy some flowers
A. To offer some help.
B. To cheer up the woman.
C. To celebrate a birthday.
5. Where are the speakers
A. At a bank. B. In a hospital. C. In the classroom.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话，回答下列各题。
6. How much does the man need to pay for the room
A. 9 dollars. B. 12.5 dollars. C. 25 dollars.
7. What is the woman
A. A cook. B. A hotel worker. C. A salesperson.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Go on a diet. B. Do more exercise. C. Have a good rest.
9. Which can be included in the woman’s breakfast
A. Eggs. B. Bread. C. Beef.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What did the man do in the afternoon
A. He had a walk. B. He went hunting. C. He cut down trees.
11. What did the man bring back
A. Birds. B. Leaves. C. Books.
12. What was Bob doing when the man saw him
A. Reading. B. Swimming. C. Fishing.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Who does the man want to talk with
A. Ms. Strong. B. Mr. Kordell. C. Mr. Hunter.
14. Why does the man make the phone call
A. He missed some messages.
B. He forgot to buy computers.
C. He failed to receive emails.
15. What does the man offer to the woman
A. Company address. B. Phone number. C. ID card.
16. What is the woman likely to do in the afternoon
A. Send a fax. B. Call back the man. C. Receive a message.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What can we say about the reading club
A. It was set up in 2008.
B. It has 19 members.
C. It’s the oldest club.
18. When do the members of music club meet
A. On Thursday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Saturday.
19. What’s the benefit from joining a bicycle club
A. Reading free books.
B. Building up their bodies.
C. Performing on stage.
20. Where can we get more information about the clubs
A. In the local newspapers.
B. From the student union.
C. On the school website.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Theater Listing Guide
Check out the latest shows in London theaters with our handy theater listing guide! You can either purchase tickets at the theatre or online at https://www.londontheatre.co.uk/whats-on.
Chicago, Phoenix Theatre
Chicago, the longest-running American musical in Broadway history, has delighted audiences around the world. The main characters are two female criminals. You must be 18 or older to purchase a ticket.
Kinky Boots, Adelphi Theatre
Based on the successful 2005 British film by Geoff Deane, this musical celebration is about the belief that you can change the world, which is expressed so well by the actor Tim Firth. Fans of musical comedy won’t want to miss this fabulous show, as the songs in the musical were created by Cyndi Lauper. No children younger than 6 will be admitted.
King Lear, Duke of York’s Theatre
Acting legend Sir Ian McKellen starred the title character in King Lear, one of Shakespeare’s famous tragedies. McKellen’s performance in the play, which sees King Lear become mad as he divides his kingdom amongst his children, was highly praised by critics and audiences. You must be 12 or older to enter the theatre.
Les Miserables, Queen’s Theatre
Adapted from the epic novel by Victor Hugo, the musical tells a powerful and moving story of love, sacrifice, passion and revolutionary spirit. In October 2015 Les Miserables celebrated its 30th Anniversary in London and is now the world’s longest-running musical. It is recommended for children aged 7 or over, and children under 5 are prohibited.
1. Who is the composer of the songs in the musical Kinky Boots
A. Cyndi Lauper. B. Sir Lan McKellen.
C. Tim Firth. D. Geoff Deane.
2. Which show is the longest-running musical in the world
A. Chicago. B. Kinky Boots.
C. King Lear. D. Les Miserables.
3. What can we infer about the shows mentioned in the passage
A. The shows are British musicals.
B. The audiences should check the age policy.
C. The audiences can’t buy the tickets online.
D. The shows are adapted from ancient stories.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个剧院最新上演的音乐剧。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Kinky Boots , Adelphi Theatre部分的“Fans of musical comedy won’t want to miss this fabulous show, as the songs in the musical were created by Cyndi Lauper. (音乐喜剧的粉丝们不会想错过这场精彩的演出，因为音乐剧中的歌曲是由辛迪·劳珀创作的)”可知，Kinky Boots的作曲家是Cyndi Lauper。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Les Miserables, Queen’s Theatre部分中“In October 2015 Les Miserables celebrated its 30th Anniversary in London and is now the world’s longest-running musical. (2015年10月《悲惨世界》在伦敦庆祝了30周年，现在是世界上播放时间最长的音乐剧)”可知，Les Miserables是世界上播放时间最长的音乐剧。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据四个剧院关于年龄的规定，Chicago, Phoenix Theatre中“You must be 18 or older to purchase a ticket.(你必须年满18岁才能买票)”；Kinky Boots , Adelphi Theatre中“No children younger than 6 will be admitted.(6岁以下的儿童不得进入)”；King Lear, Duke of York’s Theatre中“You must be 12 or older to enter the theatre.(你必须年满12岁才能进入剧院)”；Les Miserables, Queen’s Theatre中“It is recommended for children aged 7 or over, and children under 5 are prohibited. (建议7岁以上儿童观看，5岁以下儿童禁看)”推知，观众在买票前应检查年龄政策。故选B。
B
For humankind, evidence for life beyond earth is unlikely to be as dramatic as an alien spaceship landing next to the Eiffel Tower in Paris. It is more likely to come from telescope observations of a faraway planet with atmospheric chemicals of biological activity. Researchers said methane (甲烷) may be the first detectable sign of life out of earth if discovered in the atmosphere of a rocky planet orbiting in the “habitable zone”.
Scientists are working to understand the indicators of life — biosignatures (生命信号) — that might be present in observations of planets in other solar systems, called exoplanets (系外行星), knowing that increasingly capable telescopes soon will be available. The researchers showed that much atmospheric methane could be a persuasive sign of life. Methane is an important trace gas in Earth’s atmosphere. Unlike other potential biosignatures such as oxygen, methane is one of the few gases that should be readily detectable using the Webb Space Telescope.
On Earth, the vast majority of methane is produced by life: methane producing microbes (微生物) in wetlands, rice fields or in the dead body of large animals. Methane is also generated through human activities such as burning fusel fuels including coal and oil. The percent of Earth’s non-biologically generated methane is miniscule.
Scientists are expecting greater insight into exoplanet atmospheres using Webb and other new telescopes, examining their chemistry from the perspective of Earth.
Oxygen, more plentiful in Earth’s atmosphere than methane, is another potential biosignature. It is also fed into Earth’s atmosphere via biological processes. But oxygen could avoid Webb’s detection.
“We know life on Earth has been producing methane for essentially its entire history, and atmospheric methane concentrations may have been high on the early Earth, before there was oxygen in the atmosphere,” Krissansen-Totton said. “But it’s important to note that the diversity of planetary environments elsewhere is probably vast, and there could be other non-biological methane making producing processes that no one has yet considered.”
4. What can we know about methane according to paragraph 2
A. It might exist in many exoplanets.
B. It can be detected by Webb Space Telescope.
C. Many living things can’t live without it.
D. Scientists haven’t found its secrets completely.
5. Which of the following best explains “miniscule” underlined in paragraph 3
A. Small. B. Special. C. More. D. Moderate.
6. What can we infer from Krissansen-Totton’s words
A. Methane can’t show the sign of life in exoplanets fully.
B. It’s likely that methane appeared later than oxygen did.
C. Scientists should prove methane existence in exoplanets.
D. Methane is most likely to appear in many exoplanets.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Scientists have found life signs in exoplanets
B. Methane is an important gas in the universe
C. Methane may be the key to detecting alien life
D. Scientists think it hard to find methane in exoplanets
【答案】4 B 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员表示，如果在围绕“宜居带”运行的岩石行星的大气层中发现甲烷，那么甲烷可能是第一个可检测到的地球外生命的迹象。与此同时，在研究过程中，但重要的是要注意到，其他地方的行星环境可能是多样性的，可能还有其他没有人考虑过的非生物甲烷产生过程。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Unlike other potential biosignatures such as oxygen, methane is one of the few gases that should be readily detectable using the Webb Space Telescope. (与氧气等其他潜在的生物特征不同，甲烷是少数几种可以被韦伯太空望远镜探测到的气体之一)”可知，通过第二段中我们可以了解到甲烷是可以被韦伯太空望远镜探测到的气体。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“On Earth, the vast majority of methane is produced by life: methane producing microbes (微生物) in wetlands, rice fields or in the dead body of large animals. Methane is also generated through human activities such as burning fusel fuels including coal and oil.(在地球上，绝大多数甲烷是由生命产生的：由湿地、稻田或大型动物的尸体中的微生物产生的甲烷。甲烷也可以通过人类活动产生，比如燃烧煤和石油等燃料)”以及最后一段中“But it’s important to note that the diversity of planetary environments elsewhere is probably vast, and there could be other non-biological methane making producing processes that no one has yet considered. (但重要的是要注意到，其他地方的行星环境可能是多样性的，可能还有其他没有人考虑过的非生物甲烷产生过程)”可知，地球上绝大数甲烷都是由生命产生，以及最后一段中的转折说明在其他行星可能有非生物甲烷的生产过程。由此推知，划线词miniscule与small“小的”意思接近。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But it’s important to note that the diversity of planetary environments elsewhere is probably vast, and there could be other non-biological methane making producing processes that no one has yet considered. (但重要的是要注意到，其他地方的行星环境可能是多样性的，可能还有其他没有人考虑过的非生物甲烷产生过程)”可推知，甲烷不能完全显示系外行星上存在生命的迹象。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Researchers said methane may be the first detectable sign of life out of earth if discovered in the atmosphere of a rocky planet orbiting in the “habitable zone”. (研究人员表示，如果在围绕“宜居带”运行的岩石行星的大气层中发现甲烷，那么甲烷可能是第一个可检测到的地球外生命的迹象)”可知，文章最适合的标题可为“甲烷可能是探测外星生命的关键”。故选C项。
C
Going against the tide of flocking(蜂拥) to well-known yet generally jam-packed tourist destinations on vacation, a growing number of holiday makers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser known resorts to seek unique, relaxed holiday experiences. Reverse Tourism has emerged as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.
Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations, which often require pricey tickets, meals and hotel stays. “Tourism used to be about sightseeing. Now it is about experiences,” said Dai Bin, president of the China Tourism Academy. He said popular tourist spots are always packed and often raise their prices during holidays. As people become more mature travelers, they are increasingly unwilling to follow the herd. Some of them are simply looking to take a rest somewhere quiet for a couple of days, which is a good way to vacation.
In addition, lesser-known attractions are not as “commercial” and “standardized” as developed ones and are able to offer more genuine experiences and natural encounters, according to social media posts. And unlike popular destinations, some under-explored places with little online exposure can offer more surprises. COVID- 19 is another key factor fueling Reverse Tourism. As precautionary measures continue, traveling has an unpredictable quality. A traveler has no way of knowing what lies ahead before departure, be it a perfect holiday or one interrupted by a sudden outbreak.
“The rise of Reverse Tourism is not a bad thing,” said an opinion piece in Zhengzhou Daily. It means that vacationers now have more options, which brings more possibilities to the tourism market, the article explains. More importantly, the trend is set to force popular destinations to improve themselves instead of resting on their achievements, it noted.
8. What is the feature of Reverse Tourism according to the passage
A. Popular destinations often raise their prices during holidays.
B. Less-traveled places offer relaxed holiday experiences.
C. Popular destinations are not welcomed by people nowadays.
D. Less-traveled places are increasingly valued among young people.
9. What does the underlined expression “follow the herd” mean in paragraph 2
A. Do just what most people do. B. Be particular about vacations.
C. Behave like the best visitors. D. Seek unique travel experience.
10. Why do people choose lesser-known attractions based on social media posts
A. To create surprises on their own. B. To explore the original beauty.
C. To promote the local tourism. D. To escape the uncertainty in life.
11. What is the text mainly about
A. The promising future of Chinese tourism.
B. The challenges popular tourist spots are facing.
C. The way to explore the lesser-known attractions.
D. The reason why people prefer Reverse Tourism.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了越来越多的中国度假者倾向于在不太知名的度假胜地度过闲暇时间，寻求独特、轻松的度假体验。反向旅游已经成为中国年轻度假者的一种新趋势。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Going against the tide of flocking(蜂拥) to well-known yet generally jam-packed tourist destinations on vacation, a growing number of holiday makers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser known resorts to seek unique, relaxed holiday experiences. Reverse Tourism has emerged as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.(与人们涌向知名但通常拥挤不堪的旅游目的地度假的潮流相反，越来越多的中国度假者倾向于在不太知名的度假胜地度过闲暇时间，寻求独特、轻松的度假体验。反向旅游已经成为中国年轻度假者的一种新趋势。)”可知，中国的年轻度假者越来越喜欢去鲜有人去的地方。故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“He said popular tourist spots are always packed and often raise their prices during holidays.(他说，受欢迎的旅游景点总是人满为患，假期期间经常涨价。)”可知，大多数人都会在假期选择前往受欢迎的旅游景点。而划线单词下一句“Some of them are simply looking to take a rest somewhere quiet for a couple of days, which is a good way to vacation.(他们中的一些人只是想在一个安静的地方休息几天，这是一个很好的度假方式。)”可知，这些人不会前往受欢迎的旅游景点，而是想在一个安静的地方度假。因此，划线单词的意思和“追随大多数所做的事”相近。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In addition, lesser-known attractions are not as “commercial” and “standardized” as developed ones and are able to offer more genuine experiences and natural encounters, according to social media posts.(此外，根据社交媒体上的帖子，不太知名的景点不像发达景点那样“商业化”和“标准化”，能够提供更多的真实体验和自然相遇。)”可知，不太知名的景点会让人们领略原始的自然之美。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Reverse Tourism has emerged as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.(反向旅游已经成为中国年轻度假者的一种新趋势。)”可知，反向旅游越来越受中国年轻度假者的欢迎。根据文章第二段“Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations, which often require pricey tickets, meals and hotel stays.(除了人潮拥挤之外，一些度假者选择人迹少的地方是为了节省前往热门目的地的费用。前往热门目的地往往需要昂贵的机票、餐费和住宿费。)”、第三段的“In addition, lesser-known attractions are not as “commercial” and “standardized” as developed ones and are able to offer more genuine experiences and natural encounters, according to social media posts.(此外，根据社交媒体上的帖子，不太知名的景点不像发达景点那样“商业化”和“标准化”，能够提供更多的真实体验和自然相遇。)”和“COVID- 19 is another key factor fueling Reverse Tourism.(COVID- 19是推动反向旅游的另一个关键因素。)”可知，文章主要介绍了反向旅游之所以受欢迎的原因。故选D。
D
Although the word workaholic usually has a negative meaning, it is sometimes used by people wishing to express their devotion to their career positively. The “work” in question is usually associated with a paying job, but it may also refer to independent pursuits such as sports. A workaholic in the negative sense is popularly characterized by a neglect of family and other social relations. Similarly, people considered to be workaholics tend to lose track of time.
Workaholism is an addiction, and it’s not the same as working hard. Experts say the continuous work-related activity masks anxiety, low self-esteem, and privacy problems. Workaholics feel the urge of being busy all the time, to the point that they often perform tasks that aren’t required or necessary for project completion. As a result, they tend to be inefficient workers, since they focus on being busy, instead of focusing on being productive. In addition, workaholics tend to be less effective than other workers because it’s difficult for them to work as part of a team, they have trouble entrusting co-workers, or they take on so much that they aren’t as organized as others. Workaholics are occupied with work all the time, which prevents them from maintaining healthy relationships, hobbies, or even take measures to protect their health.
As with addictions to alcohol, drugs or gambling, Workaholics’ harmful behavior will continue despite advice from loved ones or danger signs such as worsening relationships. Poor health is another warning sign. Because there’s less of social shame attached to workaholism than to other addictions, health symptoms can easily go unrecognized. In the US and Canada, workaholism remains what it’s always been: the so-called “respectable addiction” that’s dangerous as any other. Workaholism in Japan is considered a serious social problem leading to early death, often on the job, a phenomenon called karōshi(过劳死).
As with other psychological addictions, workaholics often cannot see that they have a problem. Reasoning the workaholic out of the problem will generally be met with denial. Co-workers, family members and friends may need to communicate the effects of the workaholic’s behavior to them. Indeed, mental treatment to cure a workaholic can successfully reduce the hours spent on the job, while increasing the person’s productivity. Studies show that fully recovered former workaholics can accomplish in 50 hours what they previously couldn’t do in 80.
12. Sometimes people use “workaholism” in a positive way just because_________.
A. workaholics work extra hours
B. workaholics pay little attention to their family members
C. workaholics seem to be buried in their work
D. workaholics work hard just to flatter their employers
13. In the writer’s opinion, ________.
A. workaholics take work as a solution to the settlement of the troubles in their life
B. workaholics aim at keeping themselves occupied instead of accomplishing their work
C. workaholics like to work in teams because they believe in their co-workers
D. workaholics enjoy lots of hobbies and are able to keep themselves healthy.
14. Which of the following is wrong according to the passage
A. It is difficult for workaholics to overcome this addiction.
B. Workaholics even shorten their lives if they do not get rid of this addiction.
C. Workaholics’ poor health can easily be identified.
D. Treating workaholics mentally turns out to be successful in many cases.
15. What can be the best title for this passage
A. Team--spirit B. Hard-working employees
C. Workaholism D. Success via work
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“工作狂”的特点，存在的问题以及治疗方法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Although the word workaholic usually has a negative meaning, it is sometimes used by people wishing to express their devotion to their career positively.(虽然“工作狂”这个词通常有贬义，但有时人们会用它来表达他们对事业的积极投入)”可知，有时人们用“工作狂”这个词来表达积极的一面，只是因为工作狂似乎被他们的工作埋没了。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Workaholics feel the urge of being busy all the time, to the point that they often perform tasks that aren’t required or necessary for project completion.(工作狂总是有一种想要一直忙下去的冲动，以至于他们经常会去做一些对完成项目来说并不是必须的任务)”可知，在作者看来，工作狂的目的是让自己有事可做，而不是完成他们的工作。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Because there’s less of social shame attached to workaholism than to other addictions, health symptoms can easily go unrecognized. (因为与其他上瘾行为相比，工作狂的社会羞耻感更少，所以健康症状很容易被忽视)”可知，工作狂健康状况容易被忽视。所以工作狂的健康问题很容易被发现这句话是错误的。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Although the word workaholic usually has a negative meaning, it is sometimes used by people wishing to express their devotion to their career positively.(虽然“工作狂”这个词通常有贬义，但有时人们会用它来表达他们对事业的积极投入)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了“工作狂”的特点，存在的问题以及治疗方法。所以“Workaholism(工作狂)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
University life is full of fun and experiences. But to make learning much more enjoyable, you should follow certain steps that will help you out in keeping your stress level down and having the most of the fun in the university.
Always get involved in the events. Doing something every day is very important not only in the university life but also in the practical life. ____16____ Be active and smart. Join the societies, which will help you develop personality and increase your confidence.
Always show up. Showing people that you are there with them and always will be. Offer help to everybody. In this way more people will know you and you will be able to wipe off your fear of social interaction. ____17____
Make as many friends as possible. Don’t restrict yourself in making friends; it will help increase your knowledge. You will learn a lot about different cultures and this will help you with your practical life too. By communicating with different people you’ ll learn different interesting aspects of their lives.
____18____ If you keep thinking all the time about future, you will end up being depressed. You start losing your focus and begin to worry about less important things. ____19____ Release your stress and be present-focused. It will greatly help you in accomplishing your goals and achieving happiness.
Keep a balance. ____20____ Being extreme in one field might bring astonishing results, but this will affect other aspects of your life. Keep a balance between short-term goals and long-term benefits. This will help you in achieving a perfect and enjoyable life.
A. Do not waste time doing nothing.
B. Just relax and stop thinking about the future.
C. Never move towards the extreme and try living an average life.
D. Be present-focused.
E. Some students may like to have many friends and enjoy a party lifestyle.
F. The more people you know, the easier it will be for you to walk around without being shy.
G. Nobody cares if you miss class, don’t eat properly, nor don’t go to a party.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍如何在大学里释放压力，获得更多快乐。
【16题详解】
由上文“Doing something every day is very important not only in the university life but also in the practical life. (每天做一些事情不仅在大学生活中非常重要，在现实生活中也是如此。)”可知，此处表示不要无所事事，而A 项Do not waste time doing nothing.(不要浪费时间无所事事。)符合语境，其中的 doing nothing 与 上文Doing something 相呼应。故选A项。
【17题详解】
由上文“In this way more people will know you and you will be able to wipe off your fear of social interaction. (这样，更多的人会了解你，你就能消除对社交的恐惧。)”可知，此处表示你了解的人越多，你越容易和人们接触，就越不会感觉害羞。而F项The more people you know, the easier it will be for you to walk around without being shy.(你认识的人越多，你就越容易不害羞地四处走动。)符合语境，其中being shy和上文your fear of social interaction对应。故选 F项。
【18题详解】
由下文“If you keep thinking all the time about future, you will end up being depressed. (若你们一直在思考未来，你们最终会感到沮丧。)”以及“Release your stress and be present-focused. (释放压力，专注于当下。)”可知，本段作者强调不要过多担心未来，而应着手现在。而D项Be present-focused(专注于当下)符合语境，对下文有总结作用，符合为段落主题句。故选D项。
【19题详解】
由下文“Release your stress and be present-focused. (释放压力，专注于当下。)”可知，此处表示放松，不要想着未来。而B项Just relax and stop thinking about the future.(放松一下，别再想着未来了。)符合语境，其中Just relax与下文Release your stress对应。故选B项。
【20题详解】
由下文“Being extreme in one field might bring astonishing results, but this will affect other aspects of your life. (在一个领域表现极端可能会带来惊人的结果，但这会影响你生活的其他方面。)” 可知，此处表示不要走极端，尽量过普通的生活。而C项Never move towards the extreme and try living an average life.(永远不要走向极端，试着过普通的生活。)符合语境，其中move towards the extreme 与下文Being extreme对应。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My son turned 14 and didn’t have a smartphone. He was the only kid in his class without one. When he asked for a phone, I ____21____.
“You can choose to do things ____22____ when you’re a parent.” I replied. But sometimes, I wondered if I was being too stubborn (固执的) or unfair.
The more I research, the more confident I feel in my ____23____. Many studies ____24____ the current mental health crisis among teenagers to changes in how they socialize, namely, the change from in-person to online ____25____.
But other parents ____26____ my view, saying “He must feel so left out!” Then there are the parents who tell me with sadness that they regretted not delaying their teenager’s phone ____27____ longer than they did. They ____28____ me to hold out.
If teenagers are truly spending about 5 hours on average per day on their devices, as a recent research states, then what are they not doing Kids ____29____ in their devices are missing out on real life, which strikes me a lot.
I want my son to have a _____30_____ childhood, one full of adventures, imaginative play and physical challenges. The simplest way to achieve these _____31_____ is to delay giving him a smartphone.
Some think my son is missing out or falling behind, but he is not. He does well in school, _____32_____ with friends, and moves independently around our town. He claimed he would give his own 14-year-old boy a phone someday, and I told him that’s _____33_____. But recently, he admitted he _____34_____ the beautiful scenery on a drive to a mountain because he had been so absorbed in his iPad.
If that is his _____35_____ of admitting I’m right, I’ll take it.
21. A. agreed B. exclaimed C. refused D. apologized
22. A. gently B. differently C. desperately D. slightly
23. A. decision B. conversation C. preference D. memory
24. A. treat B. link C. limit D. solve
25. A. interaction B. payment C. business D. guidance
26. A. present B. change C. favor D. challenge
27. A. addiction B. membership C. ownership D. preference
28. A. require B. forbid C. refuse D. support
29. A. skilled B. absorbed C. hidden D. specialized
30. A. causal B. stable C. dramatic D. memorable
31. A. breakthroughs B. balances C. goals D. milestones
32. A. hangs out B. catches up C. shows off D. settles down
33. A. silly B. fine C. incredible D. meaningful
34. A. missed B. appreciated C. imagined D. polluted
35. A. commitment B. aim C. version D. promise
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍作者不给儿子使用手机，并且解释了坚持这种做法的原因。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他要电话时，我拒绝了。A. agreed同意；B. exclaimed惊叫；C. refused拒绝；D. apologized道歉。根据上文“He was the only kid in his class without one.”以及下文作者解释的原因可知作者拒绝给儿子电话，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“当你为人父母时，你可以选择不同的做法。”我回答说。A. gently温柔地；B. differently不同地；C. desperately绝望地；D. slightly稍微。根据上文“When he asked for a phone, I ____1____.”可知作者拒绝给儿子电话，所以和儿子说的话是他为人父母时可以不这样做，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我研究得越多，我对自己的决定就越有信心。A. decision决定；B. conversation谈话；C. preference偏爱；D. memory回忆。根据上文“Many studies ____4____ the current mental health crisis among teenagers to changes in how they socialize, namely, the change from in-person to online ____5____.”可知研究的越多，知道上网和青少年精神健康危机有联系，所以作者对自己的决定越有信心，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多研究将当前青少年的心理健康危机与他们社交方式的变化联系起来，即从面对面互动到在线互动的变化。 A. treat对待；B. link联系；C. limit限制；D. solve解决。根据下文“the change from in-person to online ____5____.”可知青少年心理健康和社交方式变化有联系，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. interaction互动；B. payment支付；C. business业务；D. guidance指导。根据“how they socialize”可知怎样社交，所以是从面对面的互动到网络互动的变化，故选A。
【26题详解】
查动词词义辨析。句意：但也有家长质疑我的观点，他们说：“他一定觉得自己被冷落了!”A. present提出；B. change改变；C. favor更喜爱；D. challenge质疑。根据下文““He must feel so left out!””可知有的家长不同意作者不给儿子电话的做法，所以应该是质疑作者的观点，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有一些父母悲伤地告诉我，他们后悔没有更晚才让孩子有手机。A. addiction着迷；B. membership会员身份；C. ownership所有权；D. preference偏爱。根据上文“Then there are the parents who tell me with sadness that they regretted not delaying their teenager’s phone”可知有些父母后悔没有更晚让自己孩子拥有手机，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们支持我坚持下去。A. require要求；B. forbid禁止；C. refuse拒绝；D. support支持。根据上文“Then there are the parents who tell me with sadness that they regretted not delaying their teenager’s phone ____7____ longer than they did.”可知那些后悔的父母支持作者坚持自己的做法，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沉迷于电子设备的孩子正在错失现实生活，这让我很震惊。A. skilled熟练的；B. absorbed专注的；C. hidden隐藏的；D. specialized专业的。根据上文“If teenagers are truly spending about 5 hours on average per day on their devices, as a recent research states, then what are they not doing ”可知一天花5小时在电子设备上，应该是沉迷于电子设备，be absorbed in，意为“沉迷于”，符合句意，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的儿子有一个难忘的童年，一个充满冒险、充满想象力的游戏和身体挑战的童年。A. causal因果关系的；B. stable稳定的；C. dramatic戏剧性的；D. memorable难忘的。根据下文“one full of adventures, imaginative play and physical challenges”可知作者希望儿子的童年丰富多彩，令人难忘，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：实现这些目标最简单的方法就是推迟给他智能手机。A. breakthroughs突破；B. balances平衡；C. goals目标；D. milestones里程碑。根据上文“I want my son to have a ____10____ childhood, one full of adventures, imaginative play and physical challenges.”可知这些是作者想要的目标，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他在学校表现很好，和朋友一起出去玩，在我们镇上独立活动。A. hangs out闲逛；B. catches up追赶；C. shows off炫耀；D. settles down定居。根据下文“with friends”和常识可知是和朋友出去游玩，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说有一天他会给自己14岁的儿子一部手机，我告诉他没关系。A. silly愚蠢的；B. fine很好，不错；C. incredible不可思议的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文““You can choose to do things ____2____ when you’re a parent.” I replied.”和下文“But recently, he admitted he ____14____ the beautiful scenery on a drive to a mountain because he had been so absorbed in his iPad.”可知作者不会反对儿子的想法，让儿子自己意识到电子设备的弊端，所以应该是没关系，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最近，他承认自己在开车去山上的路上错过了美丽的风景，因为他太专注于iPad了。A. missed错过；B. appreciated欣赏；C. imagined想像；D. polluted污染。根据下文“because he had been so absorbed in his iPad”可知因为太专注于iPad，所以会错过美丽的风景，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果这就是他承认我是对的方式，我接受。A. commitment承诺；B. aim目的；C. version版本，型式；D. promise诺言。根据上文“But recently, he admitted he ____14____ the beautiful scenery on a drive to a mountain because he had been so absorbed in his iPad.”可知儿子自己意识到电子设备的弊端，所以也是承认作者是对的一种方式，故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese astronauts conducted a science lecture 400 kilometers above the Earth to millions of students ___36___ the afternoon of December 9, 2021, as they orbited in the Tiangong space station. Astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, all members of the Shenzhou ⅩⅢ, ___37___(greet) students, teachers and other participants when the lecture started at 3:54 p.m. They showed viewers ___38___ they live and work inside the space station. The astronauts displayed their exercise equipment and a ___39___(special) designed space suit, and gave presentations of physical ___40___(phenomenon) in microgravity, such as “disappearing buoyancy (浮力)” and a “water ball”. Ye, ___41___ is on his first spaceflight, showed how he turned around his body in the ___42___(weight) environment. The astronauts also answered questions ___43___(raise) from students during the lecture. Tens of millions of primary and middle school students across China watched the hour-long televised event, which gave students an opportunity___44___(communicate) with the astronauts while encouraging their interest in space and science. It was the first lecture of the Tiangong Class, or Heavenly Palace Class, to make space science popular. It also helped to strengthen their sense of national identity as they saw ____45____ rapid development of our country’s space technology.
【答案】36. on 37. greeted
38. how 39. specially
40. phenomena
41. who 42. weightless
43. raised 44. to communicate
45. the
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了神舟十三号飞船的宇航员在天宫空间站中向数百万学生开展科学讲座。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：2021年12月9日下午，中国宇航员在天宫空间站绕轨道飞行时，在地球上空400公里处向数百万学生进行了科学讲座。此处表示“在2021年12月9日下午”，表示在具体的某一天的下午，应用介词on。故填on。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：下午3点54分讲座开始时，神舟十三号全体航天员翟志刚、王亚平、叶光富向学生、老师和其他参与者致意。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语从句“when the lecture started at 3:54 p.m.”可知，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填greeted。
【38题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：他们向观众展示了他们如何在空间站内生活和工作。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作方式状语，应用how“如何”引导。故填how。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：宇航员们展示了他们的锻炼设备和专门设计的宇航服，并介绍了微重力下的物理现象，如“浮力消失”和“水球”。空处修饰过去分词designed，应用副词。specially意为“专门地”。故填specially。
【40题详解】
考查名词的数。句意参考上题。phenomenon为可数名词，其前没有表示数量的限定词修饰，再根据后面的“such as ‘disappearing buoyancy (浮力)’ and a ‘water ball’”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填phenomena。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：叶是第一次进行太空飞行，他展示了自己是如何在失重环境中扭转身体的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Ye，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意参考上题。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词environment。根据语境可知，此处表示“失重的环境”，应用weightless(失重的)。故填weightless。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：宇航员们还在讲座中回答了学生们提出的问题。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词answered，此处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语questions与动词raise之间构成动宾关系，此处应用raise的过去分词形式作后置定语。故填raised。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国各地数以千万计的中小学生观看了这场长达一小时的电视活动，让学生们有机会与宇航员交流，同时激发他们对太空和科学的兴趣。分析句子结构可知，空处所在定语从句中已有谓语动词gave，空处应填非谓语动词。逻辑主语是opportunity，其后应用不定式作后置定语。故填to communicate。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当他们看到了我国空间技术的快速发展时，这也有助于增强他们的民族认同感。根据development后面的短语“of our country’s space technology”可知，此处特指“我国空间技术的快速发展”，应用定冠词the表特指。故填the。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 下周四下午，你校足球队将与光明中学举行一场足球友谊赛，请你为你校足球社团写一则通知，内容包括：
1.比赛的时间、地点；
2.欢迎同学观赛助威；
3.观赛注意事项。
注意：1词数80左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
Notice
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Football Club
【答案】Notice
There will be a friendly soccer match between our school and Guangming High School in the coming Thursday, whose purpose is to enrich our campus life, enhance communication between schools and improve our soccer skills. The activity is scheduled to be held from 3:00 pm to 4:30 pm on our playground.
All the students who have affection for soccer games are welcome to watch it. Be sure to arrive at the playground punctually to watch the match and offer your cheers to both teams. With each participating team making full preparations for the coming match, I’m sure this will be a visual feast for everyone. Above all, do keep it in mind that friendship must come first.
Thank you for your attention!
Football Club
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。下周四下午，你校足球队将与光明中学举行一场足球友谊赛，请你为你校足球社团写一则通知。
详解】1.词汇积累
提高：improve→promote
举行：hold→host
喜欢：have affection for→like/be fond of
准时：punctually→on time
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With each participating team making full preparations for the coming match, I’m sure this will be a visual feast for everyone.
拓展句：I’m sure this will be a visual feast for everyone because each participating team has made full preparations for the coming match.
【点睛】[高分句型1] There will be a friendly soccer match between our school and Guangming High School in the coming Thursday, whose purpose is to enrich our campus life, enhance communication between schools and improve our soccer skills. (运用了whose引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Above all, do keep it in mind that friendship must come first. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The frightening day of our diving test was here. Our parents thought we were lucky to have an Olympic-size swimming pool at the school. My mom stressed that the swimming pool was one of the best in our city. But I didn’t feel happy about it at all. Instead, I felt afraid of the swimming pool. It was mainly because I was terribly shy.
I was so shy that I always sat at the back of the room in class so I’d not be called upon to read. As for the present physical education class each Monday morning, I would work my way to the back of the line forming at the diving board so I would not have to practice the dives.
Now, it was another Monday morning - the morning of our diving test. My blood ran cold when the teacher Ms. Robbins announced that we would be graded for our final on the most difficult dive- the jackknife. And she added, “This diving test is important. The one who fails has to spare time in the following Monday mornings to practice diving in this swimming pool and attend this test again.”
My body kept shaking with fear as the line to the scary diving board shortened. As I watched, each student seemed to perform the challenging dive effortlessly. And shortly I would have to attempt something that I had never even practiced before.
Then I remembered someone telling me that when you picture yourself doing a skill over and over, it’s just as effective as physically practicing that skill. So I watched carefully as each classmate jumped at the end of the board once, added a jump for height, folded their body in half to reach for their toes, and finally straightened out like an arrow for going into the water. After carefully watching for a while, I was actually in a state of surprise, because all of a sudden I realized that it was possible for me to perform these four steps of diving.
Eventually all classmates except me finished jumping The teacher announced that it was my turn.
注意：1. 续与词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With my heart knocking wildly, I walked down the diving board towards its end.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Knowing I failed, I climbed out of the pool, embarrassed.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
With my heart knocking wildly, I walked down the diving board towards its end. Looking down, I found all my classmates were looking up at me. My face suddenly felt hot. Finally, I ignored them. Picturing the four steps of diving, I jumped. Then I folded my body but failed to reach for my toes. And instead of entering the water like an arrow, I fell into the water, with my body being flat. As a result, it caused a huge sound, which made all the classmates burst out laughing.
Knowing I failed, I climbed out of the pool, embarrassed. After class, Ms. Robbins comforted and encouraged me. In the following many Monday mornings, I practiced again and again under her guidance. Gradually, I became more confident and less shy. Finally, I attended the diving test again and performed well. This time, my classmates cheered and clapped. I was so glad. I knew my success resulted from my beating my shyness and my hard practice.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者害怕游泳池。这主要是因为自己非常害羞。这天老师宣布要进行考试，而且要根据最难的跳水动作进行期末评分，虽然作者最后失败了，但在老师的鼓励下再次参加了潜水考试，并取得了很好的成绩。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我的心狂跳着，走下跳板，走向跳板的尽头。”可知，第一段可描写作者参加考试的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“知道自己失败了，我尴尬地爬出了游泳池。”可知，第二段可描写作者在老师鼓励下再次参加考试。
2.续写线索：跳水——失败——安慰——指导——参赛——自信——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
未能：fail to/be unable to
导致：cause/lead to
参加：attend /take part in
情绪类
尴尬：embarrassed / abashed
高兴：glad /delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1] Looking down, I found all my classmates were looking up at me. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] And instead of entering the water like an arrow, I fell into the water, with my body being flat. (运用了动名词作宾语)
1-5 ACBCB 6-10 CBABA 11-15 BCACB 16-20 AACBC2023—2024学年郑州市宇华实验学校高三上学期期末考试
英 语
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time is it now probably
A. One o’clock p.m. B. Two o’clock p.m. C. Three o’clock p.m.
2. Which is the man good at
A. High jump. B. Long jump. C. Table tennis.
3. What will the man do in the morning
A. Pick up the woman.
B. Go to the airport.
C. Attend a meeting.
4. Why does the man buy some flowers
A. To offer some help.
B. To cheer up the woman.
C. To celebrate a birthday.
5. Where are the speakers
A. At a bank. B. In a hospital. C. In the classroom.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话，回答下列各题。
6. How much does the man need to pay for the room
A. 9 dollars. B. 12.5 dollars. C. 25 dollars.
7. What is the woman
A. A cook. B. A hotel worker. C. A salesperson.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Go on a diet. B. Do more exercise. C. Have a good rest.
9. Which can be included in the woman’s breakfast
A. Eggs. B. Bread. C. Beef.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What did the man do in the afternoon
A. He had a walk. B. He went hunting. C. He cut down trees.
11. What did the man bring back
A. Birds. B. Leaves. C. Books.
12. What was Bob doing when the man saw him
A. Reading. B. Swimming. C. Fishing.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Who does the man want to talk with
A. Ms. Strong. B. Mr. Kordell. C. Mr. Hunter.
14. Why does the man make the phone call
A. He missed some messages.
B He forgot to buy computers.
C. He failed to receive emails.
15. What does the man offer to the woman
A. Company address. B. Phone number. C. ID card.
16. What is the woman likely to do in the afternoon
A. Send a fax. B. Call back the man. C. Receive a message.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What can we say about the reading club
A. It was set up in 2008.
B. It has 19 members.
C. It’s the oldest club.
18. When do the members of music club meet
A. On Thursday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Saturday.
19. What’s the benefit from joining a bicycle club
A. Reading free books.
B. Building up their bodies.
C. Performing on stage.
20. Where can we get more information about the clubs
A. In the local newspapers.
B. From the student union.
C. On the school website.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Theater Listing Guide
Check out the latest shows in London theaters with our handy theater listing guide! You can either purchase tickets at the theatre or online at https://www.londontheatre.co.uk/whats-on.
Chicago, Phoenix Theatre
Chicago, the longest-running American musical in Broadway history, has delighted audiences around the world. The main characters are two female criminals. You must be 18 or older to purchase a ticket.
Kinky Boots, Adelphi Theatre
Based on the successful 2005 British film by Geoff Deane, this musical celebration is about the belief that you can change the world, which is expressed so well by the actor Tim Firth. Fans of musical comedy won’t want to miss this fabulous show, as the songs in the musical were created by Cyndi Lauper. No children younger than 6 will be admitted.
King Lear, Duke of York’s Theatre
Acting legend Sir Ian McKellen starred the title character in King Lear, one of Shakespeare’s famous tragedies. McKellen’s performance in the play, which sees King Lear become mad as he divides his kingdom amongst his children, was highly praised by critics and audiences. You must be 12 or older to enter the theatre.
Les Miserables, Queen’s Theatre
Adapted from the epic novel by Victor Hugo, the musical tells a powerful and moving story of love, sacrifice, passion and revolutionary spirit. In October 2015 Les Miserables celebrated its 30th Anniversary in London and is now the world’s longest-running musical. It is recommended for children aged 7 or over, and children under 5 are prohibited.
1. Who is the composer of the songs in the musical Kinky Boots
A. Cyndi Lauper. B. Sir Lan McKellen.
C. Tim Firth. D. Geoff Deane.
2. Which show is the longest-running musical in the world
A. Chicago. B. Kinky Boots.
C. King Lear. D. Les Miserables.
3. What can we infer about the shows mentioned in the passage
A. The shows are British musicals.
B. The audiences should check the age policy.
C. The audiences can’t buy the tickets online.
D. The shows are adapted from ancient stories.
B
For humankind, evidence for life beyond earth is unlikely to be as dramatic as an alien spaceship landing next to the Eiffel Tower in Paris. It is more likely to come from telescope observations of a faraway planet with atmospheric chemicals of biological activity. Researchers said methane (甲烷) may be the first detectable sign of life out of earth if discovered in the atmosphere of a rocky planet orbiting in the “habitable zone”.
Scientists are working to understand the indicators of life — biosignatures (生命信号) — that might be present in observations of planets in other solar systems, called exoplanets (系外行星), knowing that increasingly capable telescopes soon will be available. The researchers showed that much atmospheric methane could be a persuasive sign of life. Methane is an important trace gas in Earth’s atmosphere. Unlike other potential biosignatures such as oxygen, methane is one of the few gases that should be readily detectable using the Webb Space Telescope.
On Earth, the vast majority of methane is produced by life: methane producing microbes (微生物) in wetlands, rice fields or in the dead body of large animals. Methane is also generated through human activities such as burning fusel fuels including coal and oil. The percent of Earth’s non-biologically generated methane is miniscule.
Scientists are expecting greater insight into exoplanet atmospheres using Webb and other new telescopes, examining their chemistry from the perspective of Earth.
Oxygen, more plentiful in Earth’s atmosphere than methane, is another potential biosignature. It is also fed into Earth’s atmosphere via biological processes. But oxygen could avoid Webb’s detection.
“We know life on Earth has been producing methane for essentially its entire history, and atmospheric methane concentrations may have been high on the early Earth, before there was oxygen in the atmosphere,” Krissansen-Totton said. “But it’s important to note that the diversity of planetary environments elsewhere is probably vast, and there could be other non-biological methane making producing processes that no one has yet considered.”
4. What can we know about methane according to paragraph 2
A. It might exist in many exoplanets.
B. It can be detected by Webb Space Telescope.
C. Many living things can’t live without it.
D. Scientists haven’t found its secrets completely.
5. Which of the following best explains “miniscule” underlined in paragraph 3
A. Small. B. Special. C. More. D. Moderate.
6. What can we infer from Krissansen-Totton’s words
A. Methane can’t show the sign of life in exoplanets fully.
B It’s likely that methane appeared later than oxygen did.
C. Scientists should prove methane existence in exoplanets.
D. Methane is most likely to appear in many exoplanets.
7 What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Scientists have found life signs in exoplanets
B. Methane is an important gas in the universe
C. Methane may be the key to detecting alien life
D. Scientists think it hard to find methane in exoplanets
C
Going against the tide of flocking(蜂拥) to well-known yet generally jam-packed tourist destinations on vacation, a growing number of holiday makers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser known resorts to seek unique, relaxed holiday experiences. Reverse Tourism has emerged as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.
Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations, which often require pricey tickets, meals and hotel stays. “Tourism used to be about sightseeing. Now it is about experiences,” said Dai Bin, president of the China Tourism Academy. He said popular tourist spots are always packed and often raise their prices during holidays. As people become more mature travelers, they are increasingly unwilling to follow the herd. Some of them are simply looking to take a rest somewhere quiet for a couple of days, which is a good way to vacation.
In addition, lesser-known attractions are not as “commercial” and “standardized” as developed ones and are able to offer more genuine experiences and natural encounters, according to social media posts. And unlike popular destinations, some under-explored places with little online exposure can offer more surprises. COVID- 19 is another key factor fueling Reverse Tourism. As precautionary measures continue, traveling has an unpredictable quality. A traveler has no way of knowing what lies ahead before departure, be it a perfect holiday or one interrupted by a sudden outbreak.
“The rise of Reverse Tourism is not a bad thing,” said an opinion piece in Zhengzhou Daily. It means that vacationers now have more options, which brings more possibilities to the tourism market, the article explains. More importantly, the trend is set to force popular destinations to improve themselves instead of resting on their achievements, it noted.
8. What is the feature of Reverse Tourism according to the passage
A. Popular destinations often raise their prices during holidays.
B. Less-traveled places offer relaxed holiday experiences.
C. Popular destinations are not welcomed by people nowadays.
D. Less-traveled places are increasingly valued among young people.
9. What does the underlined expression “follow the herd” mean in paragraph 2
A. Do just what most people do. B. Be particular about vacations.
C. Behave like the best visitors. D. Seek unique travel experience.
10. Why do people choose lesser-known attractions based on social media posts
A. To create surprises on their own. B. To explore the original beauty.
C. To promote the local tourism. D. To escape the uncertainty in life.
11. What is the text mainly about
A. The promising future of Chinese tourism.
B. The challenges popular tourist spots are facing.
C. The way to explore the lesser-known attractions.
D. The reason why people prefer Reverse Tourism.
D
Although the word workaholic usually has a negative meaning, it is sometimes used by people wishing to express their devotion to their career positively. The “work” in question is usually associated with a paying job, but it may also refer to independent pursuits such as sports. A workaholic in the negative sense is popularly characterized by a neglect of family and other social relations. Similarly, people considered to be workaholics tend to lose track of time.
Workaholism is an addiction and it’s not the same as working hard. Experts say the continuous work-related activity masks anxiety, low self-esteem, and privacy problems. Workaholics feel the urge of being busy all the time, to the point that they often perform tasks that aren’t required or necessary for project completion. As a result, they tend to be inefficient workers, since they focus on being busy, instead of focusing on being productive. In addition, workaholics tend to be less effective than other workers because it’s difficult for them to work as part of a team, they have trouble entrusting co-workers, or they take on so much that they aren’t as organized as others. Workaholics are occupied with work all the time, which prevents them from maintaining healthy relationships, hobbies, or even take measures to protect their health.
As with addictions to alcohol, drugs or gambling, Workaholics’ harmful behavior will continue despite advice from loved ones or danger signs such as worsening relationships. Poor health is another warning sign. Because there’s less of social shame attached to workaholism than to other addictions, health symptoms can easily go unrecognized. In the US and Canada, workaholism remains what it’s always been: the so-called “respectable addiction” that’s dangerous as any other. Workaholism in Japan is considered a serious social problem leading to early death, often on the job, a phenomenon called karōshi(过劳死).
As with other psychological addictions, workaholics often cannot see that they have a problem. Reasoning the workaholic out of the problem will generally be met with denial. Co-workers, family members and friends may need to communicate the effects of the workaholic’s behavior to them. Indeed, mental treatment to cure a workaholic can successfully reduce the hours spent on the job, while increasing the person’s productivity. Studies show that fully recovered former workaholics can accomplish in 50 hours what they previously couldn’t do in 80.
12. Sometimes people use “workaholism” in a positive way just because_________.
A. workaholics work extra hours
B. workaholics pay little attention to their family members
C. workaholics seem to be buried in their work
D. workaholics work hard just to flatter their employers
13. In the writer’s opinion, ________.
A. workaholics take work as a solution to the settlement of the troubles in their life
B. workaholics aim at keeping themselves occupied instead of accomplishing their work
C. workaholics like to work in teams because they believe in their co-workers
D. workaholics enjoy lots of hobbies and are able to keep themselves healthy.
14. Which of the following is wrong according to the passage
A. It is difficult for workaholics to overcome this addiction.
B. Workaholics even shorten their lives if they do not get rid of this addiction.
C. Workaholics’ poor health can easily be identified.
D. Treating workaholics mentally turns out to be successful in many cases.
15. What can be the best title for this passage
A. Team--spirit B. Hard-working employees
C. Workaholism D. Success via work
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
University life is full of fun and experiences. But to make learning much more enjoyable, you should follow certain steps that will help you out in keeping your stress level down and having the most of the fun in the university.
Always get involved in the events. Doing something every day is very important not only in the university life but also in the practical life. ____16____ Be active and smart. Join the societies, which will help you develop personality and increase your confidence.
Always show up. Showing people that you are there with them and always will be. Offer help to everybody. In this way more people will know you and you will be able to wipe off your fear of social interaction. ____17____
Make as many friends as possible. Don’t restrict yourself in making friends; it will help increase your knowledge. You will learn a lot about different cultures and this will help you with your practical life too. By communicating with different people you’ ll learn different interesting aspects of their lives.
____18____ If you keep thinking all the time about future, you will end up being depressed. You start losing your focus and begin to worry about less important things. ____19____ Release your stress and be present-focused. It will greatly help you in accomplishing your goals and achieving happiness.
Keep a balance. ____20____ Being extreme in one field might bring astonishing results, but this will affect other aspects of your life. Keep a balance between short-term goals and long-term benefits. This will help you in achieving a perfect and enjoyable life.
A. Do not waste time doing nothing.
B. Just relax and stop thinking about the future.
C. Never move towards the extreme and try living an average life.
D. Be present-focused.
E. Some students may like to have many friends and enjoy a party lifestyle.
F. The more people you know, the easier it will be for you to walk around without being shy.
G. Nobody cares if you miss class, don’t eat properly, nor don’t go to a party.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My son turned 14 and didn’t have a smartphone. He was the only kid in his class without one. When he asked for a phone, I ____21____.
“You can choose to do things ____22____ when you’re a parent.” I replied. But sometimes, I wondered if I was being too stubborn (固执的) or unfair.
The more I research, the more confident I feel in my ____23____. Many studies ____24____ the current mental health crisis among teenagers to changes in how they socialize, namely, the change from in-person to online ____25____.
But other parents ____26____ my view, saying “He must feel so left out!” Then there are the parents who tell me with sadness that they regretted not delaying their teenager’s phone ____27____ longer than they did. They ____28____ me to hold out.
If teenagers are truly spending about 5 hours on average per day on their devices, as a recent research states, then what are they not doing Kids ____29____ in their devices are missing out on real life, which strikes me a lot.
I want my son to have a _____30_____ childhood, one full of adventures, imaginative play and physical challenges. The simplest way to achieve these _____31_____ is to delay giving him a smartphone.
Some think my son is missing out or falling behind, but he is not. He does well in school, _____32_____ with friends, and moves independently around our town. He claimed he would give his own 14-year-old boy a phone someday, and I told him that’s _____33_____. But recently, he admitted he _____34_____ the beautiful scenery on a drive to a mountain because he had been so absorbed in his iPad.
If that is his _____35_____ of admitting I’m right, I’ll take it.
21. A. agreed B. exclaimed C. refused D. apologized
22. A. gently B. differently C. desperately D. slightly
23. A. decision B. conversation C. preference D. memory
24 A. treat B. link C. limit D. solve
25. A. interaction B. payment C. business D. guidance
26. A. present B. change C. favor D. challenge
27. A. addiction B. membership C. ownership D. preference
28. A. require B. forbid C. refuse D. support
29. A. skilled B. absorbed C. hidden D. specialized
30. A. causal B. stable C. dramatic D. memorable
31. A. breakthroughs B. balances C. goals D. milestones
32. A. hangs out B. catches up C. shows off D. settles down
33. A. silly B. fine C. incredible D. meaningful
34. A. missed B. appreciated C. imagined D. polluted
35. A. commitment B. aim C. version D. promise
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese astronauts conducted a science lecture 400 kilometers above the Earth to millions of students ___36___ the afternoon of December 9, 2021, as they orbited in the Tiangong space station. Astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, all members of the Shenzhou ⅩⅢ, ___37___(greet) students, teachers and other participants when the lecture started at 3:54 p.m. They showed viewers ___38___ they live and work inside the space station. The astronauts displayed their exercise equipment and a ___39___(special) designed space suit, and gave presentations of physical ___40___(phenomenon) in microgravity, such as “disappearing buoyancy (浮力)” and a “water ball”. Ye, ___41___ is on his first spaceflight, showed how he turned around his body in the ___42___(weight) environment. The astronauts also answered questions ___43___(raise) from students during the lecture. Tens of millions of primary and middle school students across China watched the hour-long televised event, which gave students an opportunity___44___(communicate) with the astronauts while encouraging their interest in space and science. It was the first lecture of the Tiangong Class, or Heavenly Palace Class, to make space science popular. It also helped to strengthen their sense of national identity as they saw ____45____ rapid development of our country’s space technology.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 下周四下午，你校足球队将与光明中学举行一场足球友谊赛，请你为你校足球社团写一则通知，内容包括：
1.比赛的时间、地点；
2.欢迎同学观赛助威；
3.观赛注意事项。
注意：1.词数80左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
Notice
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Football Club
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The frightening day of our diving test was here. Our parents thought we were lucky to have an Olympic-size swimming pool at the school. My mom stressed that the swimming pool was one of the best in our city. But I didn’t feel happy about it at all. Instead, I felt afraid of the swimming pool. It was mainly because I was terribly shy.
I was so shy that I always sat at the back of the room in class so I’d not be called upon to read. As for the present physical education class each Monday morning, I would work my way to the back of the line forming at the diving board so I would not have to practice the dives.
Now, it was another Monday morning - the morning of our diving test. My blood ran cold when the teacher Ms. Robbins announced that we would be graded for our final on the most difficult dive- the jackknife. And she added, “This diving test is important. The one who fails has to spare time in the following Monday mornings to practice diving in this swimming pool and attend this test again.”
My body kept shaking with fear as the line to the scary diving board shortened. As I watched, each student seemed to perform the challenging dive effortlessly. And shortly I would have to attempt something that I had never even practiced before.
Then I remembered someone telling me that when you picture yourself doing a skill over and over, it’s just as effective as physically practicing that skill. So I watched carefully as each classmate jumped at the end of the board once, added a jump for height, folded their body in half to reach for their toes, and finally straightened out like an arrow for going into the water. After carefully watching for a while, I was actually in a state of surprise, because all of a sudden I realized that it was possible for me to perform these four steps of diving.
Eventually all classmates except me finished jumping. The teacher announced that it was my turn.
注意：1. 续与词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With my heart knocking wildly, I walked down the diving board towards its end.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Knowing I failed, I climbed out of the pool, embarrassed.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1-5 ACBCB 6-10 CBABA 11-15 BCACB 16-20 AACBC
