【名师导航】2024年中考英语总复习新题型-任务型阅读五选四做题技巧+专题训练1（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
五选四做题技巧+专题训练1
【知识梳理】
一．命题依据：——《考试说明》读的能力要求
1. 能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义。
2. 能获取文章的具体信息。
3. 能理解文章中的具体信息并进行简单的推理和判断。
4. 能理解归纳文章的主旨要义，能为文章选定合适的题目。
5. 能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。
6. 能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。
7. 能根据上下文理解作者的态度、观点及意图。
二．出题形式
中考英语“阅读还原句子”试题主要考查课标中“读”的七级要求中的第5条能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序和第6条能理解段落中各句之间的逻辑关系。
三．解题思路、步骤及技巧
1. 解题步骤
① 读选项，划关键词，暗排序。
② 读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。
③ 先易后难来解题。
④ 回读文章定答案。
2. 解题思路一：考查形式
①逻辑关系
A. 因果关系：so, because, as a result.
B. 转折关系：but, however.
C. 并列关系：firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally, sometimes.
②顺序关系
A. 时间顺序
动作顺序
故事发展顺序
③其它关系
单词重复：原词重现、单词转换
B. 指代
四．复习策略
1. 保证阅读量，每天坚持阅读。
保证阅读量，每天保持在1,000词左右。课文和课外读物的比例为1：3为好，这样学生既可以丰富英语知识，扩大词汇量，巩固并加深对课文重点、难点的理解，逐步做到熟练运用，而且又能培养学生的阅读兴趣和能力。
养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。
培养学生的阅读技能, 处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟40-50个词为宜。
注意常考点
针对五选四，平时练习多注意代词（如it, this, they）、选项的句内关系（如因果、转折）及重现（文章与选项的复现提示）等。
重点记忆：1.先读文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题,然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词。（一名(名词)袋（代词）鼠（数词）很特殊（特殊疑问词），连（连词）蹦（动词）带跳很彪（标点/标题）悍。）
2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种：词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。
3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉），以避免干扰和分散注意力。
4.将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。
Summary: 五选五解题技巧1:同范畴词
同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。
Summary: 五选五解题技巧2:同句式
同句式是相同句式结构在文章中并列出现，达到语义衔接，层层递进的目的。你可以在选项中找到与上文或下文结构一致的句式，从而达到快而准。
Summary: 五选五解题技巧3：代词提示
英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或句子，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
it:单数名词或整个句子；this:单数名词或句子
one:单数可数名词； that:不可数名词或句子；
they/them:复数名词；these/those:前句的复数名词。
Summary: 五选五解题技巧4：词汇复现
词汇复现是指保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要是指主要是指同词（同源词）复现、同（近）义词复现、反义词复现等
段首 主题句之后 说明原因、举例证明、分述细化主题、解释前句中的某个概念等
段中 过渡句 和前后句联系衔接作用
句子类型：主题句----承上启下，引起下文
原因：承上启下，同词复现
经验一：前瞻后顾，寻找"信号词"，回到选择项中筛选。
经验二：浓缩句意，意义匹配，整体把握。
经验三：以段落为单位梳理文章脉络,留意文章的起承转合，逻辑及结构
五选五阅读理解题的解题技巧:
◆速读全文，关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题
◆浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系,找出关键词
◆运用上下文所重复的关键词推断
◆利用同义词、近义词、反义词
◆利用同一范畴或领域的词
◆利用代词、冠词的暗示
◆理清结构与逻辑关系，确定答案
基础题组：
（2020长沙中考真题）
Mark Twain once said, "Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. " The famous writer talked about a problem many of us have. The problem is procrastination（拖延症）。 When procrastination becomes a habit, it can make our lives terrible. However, everyone can avoid it by taking a few simple steps today!
Make daily “to do” lists.
Before your day ends, make a plan for tomorrow. List upcoming tasks in order of importance. You'll begin each new day with a head start, already knowing what needs to be done. As you complete each task, check it off, 1. ______.
Always keep your daily schedule（计划）with you. Use it to remind yourself what you need to do next. You'll then have a much better chance of carrying out your plans.
Break large tasks up into small ones.
If a project looks too big, 2. ______. The task at hand may seem too great. You may feel defeated （失败） before beginning. But every project is doable if it's done in small steps.
Begin by breaking up your task into smaller parts. This helps remove the unnecessary fear of having to do a large project all at one time.
3. ______.
If your workplace is full of distractions（使人分心的事）,you'll need to make some changes. You may need to remove your phone or TV from your workplace. If people often stop by for a talk, you may need to move to a different place.
Follow the five-minute rule.
The hardest part about any task is getting started. That's why so many people avoid their work until the last minute. Doing so usually leads to added stress. One solution to this problem is to schedule a time daily to work on your big project. Work on it for only five minutes. Then decide whether or not to continue. Surprisingly, once you’ve begun, 4. ______.
A. you will certainly succeed at onceB. Change your working environment C. This will give you a sense of success D. it can discourage you from getting started E. you may be able to keep going and finish the task
（2019长沙中考真题）
Summer is here. One of the best ways to cool off on a hot summer day is to jump into a swimming pool. Swimming is great exercise, and a trip to a pool or beach is a good way to have fun with friends. 1．______________, so it’s important to stay safe as you do it. Here are a few things you can do to swim safely.
Swim only in areas set for swimming.
Don’t swim unless there is a lifeguard（救生员）on duty. If you’re on a beach near the ocean, this is especially important. In some places, fast currents（急流）can sweep swimmers away without warning. So if a sign says “no swimming”, please take care.
Be careful when diving（跳水）into the water headfirst.
Most pools have deep ends where diving is safe. In natural water, don’t dive unless you know that the water is deep enough. 57．______________, causing injury（伤害）or death.
Make sure you have a partner with you.
Nobody knows what will happen while you are swimming. If something goes wrong, you can get help from that person as soon as possible. In this situation, 3．______________.
Pay close attention to children’s safety.
Kids who don’t know how to swim should wear life jackets. But by themselves they are not enough, 4．______________ . If you have a pool at home, put a fence（围栏）around it in case children fall in. And if a child disappears, check the pool first.
（广益中学2019-2020-2初三英语第二次模拟测试卷）
Benefits of Reading Every Day
Reading printed books every day can make you a smarter, kinder and more relaxed person. And the positive effects can be felt at any age.
Reading can make you smarter. 1. _ .That was the finding of a study published in 2014. Because reading ability is something that’s learned, some experts suggest that more effort should be put in teaching reading skills to young children.
2. Great literature(文学作品) forces readers to step outside themselves to understand the characters they’re reading about. According to a study published in 2013, people who love fiction have an easier time sensing and understanding other people’s feelings.
Reading can lower stress. Feel stressed at the end of a long day 3.__ .A 2009 study found that reading for just 30 minutes has similar stress-reducing effects to doing 30 minutes of yoga.
Reading helps you sleep well. 4. Research has shown that using smart phones at night makes it harder for people to fall asleep and leads to poor sleep quality, but reading books, on the other hand, can have relaxing effects, making it the ideal bedtime activity.
Reading brings a family closer, Reading doesn't have to be a solitary(单独的 )activity. When parents read out loud to their children, they can pass on the benefits of reading and encourage meaningful interactions(互动). A recent study found that printed books can make the connections between caretakers and children stronger.
A. Reading makes you a kinder person.B. Reading helps you get more information about the characters.C. Reading a nice book is a good way to wind down.D. People who show strong reading skills early in life grow up to be cleverer.E. If you’re too buy to read during the day, consider doing it at your bedtime
（师大附中教育集团2019-2020-2初三英语第二次联考）
Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries .1 In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.
One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones(荷尔蒙) between men and women.2 Between the ages of about 12 and 50,women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力),These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.
3. They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections(感染）.This means that women generally get sick often and less seriously than men.The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.
Women are also helped by their female genes. Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(倾向) to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly. 4. .
A. However, women, on average, live longerB. The biological factor plays an important roleC. The female hormones also protect the body in another way.D. Recent research seems to support both of these possibilitiesE. Hormones are chemical(化学物质) which are produced by the body to controlvarious body functions.
提升题组
（麓山国际2019-2020-2二模）
How to chose a travel partner
Traveling alone gives you the chance to do as you please.But when a trip can give you unexpected joys, these things are best shared with another person who can cheer with you for the unforgettable experience of new places and cultures. 1. . So it is important to choose a travel partner who has similar travel interests.
2 Whether that activity is hiking or photography, having at least one common interest can make sure that you can enjoy your spare time together.
Discuss how much your trip will cost when choosing travel partners. Find someone who will choose similarly priced hotels, tours and other paid services. This makes sure that neither person will be unhappy.
Check your travel plans and travel dates. 3. .Consider how quickly you will travel to different places to know how much time each person wants to spend at the places you both like.
Travel on a short journey before taking a longer one. Going on a weekend trip to a nearby place can give both travel partners a chance to have dinner together, experience new sights and get a general sense of how each person takes a trip.
Look for possible travel partners online if you cant find any through your friends. 4
Travel website discussion forums(论坛) at Lonely Planet are also places to share your idea of a good travel partner.
A Look for travel partners who share a common interestB.A travel partner is one who can add value to your journeyC. Make sure that your travel partner wants to have the same plan with youD. Be honest with yourself and the other person and encourage him or her to do the sameE. Visit websites that connect travel partners to one another, such as Travbuddy. com
（青竹湖2019-2020-2初三英语二模）
In the 13th century, Marco Polo, the world known Italian traveller, saw many wonderful things in China. One of the things he discovered was money made of paper. People in the West did not have such kind of money until the 15th century.1. ________
Paper was invented by a Chinese man called Cai Lun almost 2,000 years ago. But it was not made in Europe until the year 1100. Hour hundred years later, a German discovered that he could make the best paper from trees. 2. ________
Paper can be used in many ways. The common uses include newspapers, magazines and books. But do you know that paper can be used for keeping warm In Finland, the farmers wear paper boots to keep their feet warm in the snow. And even houses can be insulated (使绝缘的) from heat or cold with paper.
However, we have to understand that paper still comes from trees now.3. ________ Every day people throw away about 2,800 tons of paper in our city. It takes 17 trees to make one ton of paper. This means that we are cutting down nearly 48,000 trees every day. The fact is that it takes more than 10 years for a tree to grow.
4. ________ We can use both sides of every piece of paper. We can make useful things out of used paper. We can use china cups instead of paper ones. When shopping, we can use fewer paper bags and reuse them if we have some.
In short, we should keep a balance (平衡) between using paper and protecting trees, and do it now before it is too late.
A.So we must start saving paper right now.B.If we keep on wasting so much paper, there will not be any trees left on the earth some day inthe near future.C.However, the Chinese began to use it in the 7th century.D.So it is the right time to stop making paper from trees.E.After that, countries rich in forests, such as Canada, Sweden, America, Finland became the most important ones in paper making.
（长郡集团2019-2020-2初三英语下第六次限时检测）
1.____________ The new rule started on July 1st. It asks people to sort (分类) household garbage properly.
Since the beginning of this century, people have been encouraged to sort household garbage voluntarily (自愿地). Although more and more people have realized the importance of sorting garbage, the result was not so good. 2.________ According to the new rule, anyone who fails to sort garbage properly may be fined up to 200 yuan, while companies may be fined up to 50,000 yuan.
3.____________ Let me show you here. It should be divided into the following four types:
Recyclable garbage: Things that can be reused, including paper, metal, glass, plastic and old clothes.
Wet garbage: Vegetables, fruit, leaves all belong to wet garbage. It is usually from the kitchen.
Dangerous garbage: This type of garbage includes medicine, batteries, paint containers, bulbs and so on. 4.__________________
Dry garbage: Any garbage that’s not wet, recyclable or harmful belongs to dry garbage.
A. We have never stopped improving our waste-sorting work, so the new rule comes out.B. But how should we sort garbage before taking it out C. Now, let’s start sorting garbage to save energy and protect the environment.D. If you throw them away, they may pollute the soil and water.E. People in Shanghai now have to follow a new rule about sorting garbage.
参考答案
基础题组：
1.CDBA 2.CEDB 3.DBCE 4.AECD
提高题组：
BACE 2.CEBA 3.EABD
A．skilled kids may forget green hands
B．so an adult should always be present
C．But swimming can also be dangerous
D．a few seconds can make a big difference
E．Or you could hit your head on the bottom
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