(共19张PPT)
Unit 8
Topic Talk
新 课 导 入
Let’s talk
Watch a video about glacier. Discuss what you think of after watching it.
课 堂 学 习
What is green living
Green living is a lifestyle that tries to bring balance between the natural resources, the various living things and people and their communities.
What can you do to promote green living
not to leave the tap running
not to leave the house with lights still on
to pick up litter
to use less tissue paper
to ride bikes on short journeys
to refuse to use disposable chopsticks
to plant more trees
to be a volunteer for an environmental organisation
2
8.1
Read the Text Builder carefully. Then listen to the introduction at a Green Living Exhibition and complete it by underlining the words or expressions you hear.
Text Builder
Green Living
We all know that there are various types of pollution
around us, which may cause different kinds of environmental problems, for instance, ______.
Problems
water / ocean / soil / air / noise pollution, smog, sandstorms and deserts, global warming, industrial waste, animal / plant extinction
√
√
√
√
√
For example, a good way to reduce pollution is to ______.
Solutions
grow/ plant more trees, cycle to work/ school, save energy/ water/ paper/ resources,
use less electricity/ more public transport
increase our awareness of environmental protection, change our living habits
recycle used batteries
live a low-carbon life
√
Text Builder
Green Living
Text Builder
Green Living
To me, green living is about ______.
Personal Understanding
healthy living, living in harmony with nature, respecting nature, maintaining the balance between
human and nature, doing my part for the environment
√
Use the Text Builder to talk about your understanding of green living.
3
Example:
A: What's the problem of the environment
B: We all know that there are various types of pollution around us, for instance ____________.
A: What solutions do you have
B: For example, a good way to reduce pollution is to _______________.
A: How do you understand living greener
B: To me, green living is about ____________.
4
8.2
Listen to a dialogue. Answer the questions.
1. Why doesn't the woman like living in a flat
2. Where does the man live and what does he do to help the environment
3. What do they think is important to fight against global warming
There is no green space
The man lives in a flat. To help the environment he creates more green spaces, by planting flowers and vegetables outside his window.
They think that green spaces are very important for fighting against global warming.
5
Use the language you have learnt to talk about what you can do to promote green living.
Do you like living in flats or houses with gardens Why
Have you or your families ever created more green spaces in your house or neighbourhood How
The following questions may help you:
Quote & Unquote
Living things that are nourished will not injure one another; roads that run parallel will not interfere with one another.
——Li Ji
Climate change is a terrible problem, and it absolutely needs to be solved. It deserves to be a huge priority.
—— Bill Gates
We are using resources as if we had two planets, not one. There can be no “Plan B” because there is no “Planet B”.
——Ban Ki-moon
We won’t have a society if we destroy the environment.
——Margaret Mead
Key points
balance n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力
vt. & vi. 使保持平衡；相抵，抵消
[归纳拓展]
keep a balance between...and... 保持……与……之间的平衡
keep one’s balance 保持平衡
lose one’s balance 失去平衡
balance...against... 权衡……与……
[即学即练] 完成句子
1. 你工作太努力了。你最好在工作和休闲之间保持平衡。
You are working too hard. You’d better ______________________
___________________.
2. 在结满冰的街道上保持平衡不容易。
It’s not easy to _______________________ on an icy street.
3. 刚才我骑自行车的时候失去了平衡，掉了下来。
While I was riding my bike, I _________________ and fell down just now.
keep a balance between
work and relaxation
keep your balance
lost my balance
not to leave the tap running 不要让水龙头一直流水
在“leave+宾语+宾补”结构中，leave作使役动词，表示“让……处于（某种状态、某地等）
[归纳拓展]
①leave+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语
His illness has left him very weak.生病使他很虚弱。
②leave+宾语+名词（多表示一种结果）
His parents died two years ago, leaving him an orphan. 他的父母两年前去世了，使他成了孤儿。
③leave+宾语+现在分词（现在分词表示主动及动作或状态的延续，其中宾语与构成宾补的动词之间形成逻辑上的主谓关系）
Kate’s sudden leaving left us all wondering what was going to happen.
凯特的突然离去使我们大家都想知道将要发生什么事。
④leave+宾语+过去分词(过去分词表示被动或动作的完成，其中宾语与构成宾补的动词之间形成逻辑上的动宾关系)
The bad weather left the project half finished.糟糕的天气使工程只完成了一半。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience ________ (guess) and makes them use their imagination.
2. Firefighters put out the fire, which left the kitchen __________ (damage) and the oven(烤箱) completely ___________(destroy).
guessing
damaged
destroyed
Can you list green living ways as you can as possible (共22张PPT)
Unit 8
Lesson 2
Greening the Desert
新 课 导 入
Let’s talk
How can we make the desert green
By planting trees.
By changing leaf area.
...
课 堂 学 习
Activate and Share
1
Look at the poster. Answer the questions.
1
2
3
Could you find some basic information of this poster
1. What is the event about
2. What do you think the presenter is going to talk about
3. What does NPO stand for
The event is about a public speaking event on environmental protection.
The presenter might talk about Yi Jiefang and a non-profit organisation.
NPO stands for the term “non-profit organisation”.
Listening
Listen to the first part of the presentation. Answer the questions.
2
8.3
1. What was the terrible event that changed Yi Jiefang’s life
2. How did Yi Jiefang feel after the accident
3. What made her start NPO-Greenlife
Her 22-year-old son died in a road accident.
She was sad and life seemed to lose all meaning.
Her son’s dream.
Taking Notes (1)
Notes are summaries of the most important ideas and details in a presentation. Taking notes can help you understand and remember better.
Listen for the first time. Focus on the general meaning.
Listen again and take notes. Do not write down every single word. Only write the main ideas and key words.
Use diagrams, tables or bullet points.
Use abbreviations and symbols,
e.g. org = organisation, yrs = years, ↑ = increase.
Skill Builder
The early days of NPO-Greenlife 1_____________. Yi Jiefang went to 2 _____________ Inner Mongolia and saw 3 _____________________ with little agriculture. So Yi Jiefang 4 __________ to 5 ___________________ in the region over 6 __________ and the government agreed. Although the first trees were 7 _____________, her team continued planting more trees. Now the trees have 8 _____________________.
were not easy
the deserts of
vast areas of dry lands
proposed
plant one million trees
ten years
blown away
a survival rate of 85%
3
8.4
Listen to the second part of the presentation and take notes. Then ask and answer questions with your partner based on the notes.
Listen and complete the quotes written on the headstone of Yi Jiefang's son. Then read the quotes aloud. Explain the meaning of the quotes in your own words.
4
8.5
“You are ______. Alive or fallen, you served a purpose. ______, You stood proud against winds and sandstorms; ______, your brightness gave _________________ to others.”
“Let life prosper _____________; let greenness last forever
________.”
a tree
Alive
fallen
light and warmth
in greenness
in life
What do you think of Yi Jiefang
What else do you want to know about Yi Jiefang
Post-listening
Focus on Function: Asking Questions
Listen to the Q&A session. Answer the questions.
5
8.6
1. What helped Yi Jiefang work through her sadness
2. What changes has NPO-Greenlife brought to the desert
3. What did Yi Jiefang do in 2013
Her son’s wishes gave Yi the strength to rebuild her life.
Grassland has gradually started to grow from the sandy soil. Villagers can even grow watermelons now. The local river now runs and is full of fish.
In 2013, Yi began a new project to plant more trees in Inner Mongolia.
Listen and plete the Talk Builder.
6
8.6
Asking Questions
1. ______________: How did Ms Yi Jiefang work through her sadness after her son’s death
2. _________________________ the former and the current conditions in the desert
3. I’m interested in what she is working on now. _____________________
Could you tell us more
My question is
Can you say something about
Talk Builder
My question is
Can you say something about
Could you tell us more
Are the questions in Activity 6 formal or informal Why are the questions asked this way
7
Formal as it is addressed in an interview.
Speak
Pair Work Imagine you have a chance to meet Ms Yi Jiefang. Prepare some questions that you would like to ask her. Then role-play an interview.
8
Key points
profit n. 利润，收益，赢利
vi. &vt. 获益，得到好处，对……有用(或有益)
[归纳拓展]
make a profit 赚取利润
for profit 为了赢利
profit from/by...... 因……而获利/受益
profit sb. 使某人获益
profitable adj. 有利润的；有益的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. She donates(捐赠) 10% of AilieCandy’s________(profit) to Big Smiles.
2. The local farmers will profit ___________planting fruit trees on the hills.
3. They don’t set up this company ______profit, but to help the local people with more job opportunities.
profits
from/by
for
occur vi. 发生，出现, (想法等)被想到
[归纳拓展]
Sth. occurs to sb. (想法等)浮现在某人的脑海中。
It occurs to sb. that... ……的念头浮现在某人的脑海中。
(It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，且that不能省略)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. It never occurred to me _______these two hard chairs were kept for a particular purpose.
2. When I was at a loss, the idea of travelling abroad occurred _______me.
that
to
[拓展]
“发生”的其他表达
happen意为“碰巧；(偶然地)发生”，常含有偶然或突发的意味。
break out意为“爆发，突然开始”多指战争、火灾等突然爆发或疾病、疫情等爆发。
take place意为“发生，举行”，常指按计划发生的事，没有“偶然”的意味。
[即学即练]选择填空
occur/ happen/ break out/ take place
After the flu(流感)____________, an urgent meeting ______________, and we discussed what had _________________among the students, and finally agreed on the way to prevent it spreading.
broke out
took place
happened/occurred
proposal n. 提议，建议
[归纳拓展]
propose vt.提议，建议(较正式)
propose (doing) sth. 提议/建议(做)某事
It is proposed that...... 建议……(从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可省略)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. A ____________ (propose)was put forward at the meeting that the factory shouldn’t be built near the school.
2. Some teachers proposed ____________(put)off the sports meeting because of the attack of the typhoon.
3. It was proposed that the house __________________ (preserve) as it had been when Lu Xun lived in it.
proposal
putting
(should) be preserved
Could you list some sentences or phrases for asking questions (共25张PPT)
Unit 8
Lesson 1 Roots and Shoots
Reading
新 课 导 入
Let’s talk
Look at the following pictures and predict what will be learnt in this lesson.
课 堂 学 习
Look at the pictures. Discuss the following questions.
1. What is happening in each picture
Leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
Leave a light on when you go out.
Drop a piece of litter and cannot be bothered to pick it up.
3. Have you ever done any of these things
4. What would happen if everybody did the same things
2. What other similar behaviors do you know
Pre-reading
Look at the title of the passage — “ROOTS & SHOOTS”, and guess what the passage is about.
ROOTS
SHOOTS
While-reading
Read the text carefully and match the main idea of each part.
Part 1 (Para.1) A．The meaning of its name.
Part 2 (Para.2) B．What is“ Just-me-ism”？
Part 3 (Paras.3-4) C．The establishment of Roots & Shoots.
Pair Work.
Read the first paragraph of the text. Discuss the questions.
2
1. What is “Just-me-ism”
2. Why is “Just-me-ism” a problem
“Just-me-ism” is a way of thinking that focuses on caring for just oneself and ignores the environment, animals and the community.
There will be nobody to care and look after the environment.
3. Do you have any suggestions on how to solve the problem
A solution would be to make them understand that even the smallest action can change the world, so they should take actions whenever possible for the environment, animals and their community. For example, they should turn the tap off when brushing their teeth, turn the light off when they leave a room and pick up even little pieces of litter they dropped on the road.
Read the rest of the plete the table or use your own graphic organiser to illustrate what you have found about Roots & Shoots.
3
Roots & Shoots The time of its establishment
The founder
The early 1990s
Dr. Jane Goodall
Roots & Shoots The purpose
To educate young people, from pre-school to university students, so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature.
Roots & Shoots The meaning of its name
Roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open brick walls to reach the light. The roots and shoots are you, your friends and young people all around the world. Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problem, change the world and make it a better place to live in.
Read the text again. Answer the questions.
4
1. What contribution does Roots & Shoots make to society
2. What makes Dr. Jane Goodall think Roots & Shoots can help solve the problem of “Just-me-ism”
3. What is your explanation for the two quotes from Dr. Jane Goodall
It inspires young people to build a future that is secure and to live together in peace with nature.
It encourages individuals to play a part in making the world a better place instead of just thinking about themselves.
Her quotes mean that changing the role is an individual act, because there are millions of people who can make a difference if they all act on their own.
Group Work
5
Prepare a presentation to introduce Roots & Shoots with the following information. Then give your presentation in class.
When and why it was established
The meaning of its name
The contribution it makes to society
Post-reading
6
Think and share.
1. From the perspective of a community of a shared future, how do you understand Roots & Shoots
2. What techniques does the writer use to make his / her view logical and convincing Find at least one example for each technique.
The value and importance of each individual---human, animal or plant. Every individual matters. Every individual has a role to play. Every individual makes difference.
The techniques the writer uses are quotation, example, colloquial style, rhetorical question and repetition.
Colloquial style: Ordinary language used by common people in everyday life which can convey the writer’s message more clearly.
Technique Example
Quotation
It doesn’t matter. It’s just me. And, anyway, no one knows.
Every individual matters. Every individual has a role to play. Every individual makes a difference.
Example
… say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth, leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
Technique Example
Colloquial style
You know that all those things are wrong, but so what
… in the world and I’m just me.
Rhetorical question
Do you think you help to make the world a better place when you make a sad person smile, … when you water a thirsty plant
Do you want to use your life to make the world a better place for… Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in … Do you want to be a part…
Technique Example
Repetition
… How can it matter if I leave one little tap running, one little light burning, one little piece of litter on the road
… Millions of gallons of water would be wasted, millions of lights would be left burning, millions of pieces of litter would be dropped.
Every individual matters. Every individual has a role to play. Every individual makes a difference.
3. Can you suggest another title for the text
Say No to Just-me-ism
It’s time to Make a Difference
Turn the Light Off
Save the Environment
The text uses many parallel structures with the same pattern of words and sentences. Underline these structures. Discuss why the writer uses them.
7
The writer uses the parallel structures to create a strong effect on readers so that they understand the writer’s point better and reflect on their own behavior deeply as well.
e.g. “... say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth”
and “How can it matter if I leave one little tap running”.
Complete the summary with the correct form of the words and phrases below.
8
Roots & Shoots is a / an 1 ___________ established in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall. It is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground making 2 ________________ and although shoots seem small and weak, they can 3 ____________________.
institute
a firm foundation
break open brick walls
harmful, individual, institute, just-me-ism, live in peace, involve, take action, a firm foundation, break open brick walls, leave the tap running
harmful, individual, institute, just-me-ism, live in peace, involve, take action, a firm foundation, break open brick walls, leave the tap running
The purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people who suffer from 4 _________________. Those people don’t think their actions such as 5 ___________________ while brushing their teeth can have negative effects on the environment. In fact, these actions are very 6 _________.
Therefore, Roots & Shoots hopes to 7_________ millions of young people in building a secure future so that we can 8 ____________ with nature. Dr. Jane Goodall believes every 9 ___________ matters. What we need to do is 10 __________ and act together to make the world a better place.
just-me-ism
leave the tap running
harmful
involve
live in peace
individual
take action
Key points
committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚信的，坚定的
[归纳拓展]
be committed to (doing) sth. 致力于（做）某事；对（做）某事很坚定
commit vt.承诺，保证；做出（错事），犯（罪）；自杀
commitment n.许诺, 承诺；(对工作或某活动)献身，奉献，投入；(资金、时间、人力的)花费，使用
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. We will remain __________(commit) to the path of peaceful development and shoulder more international responsibilities.
2. But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument(乐器), and was committed to __________(practice) it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.
3. The President made a ____________(commit) to the nation that he would struggle for lower taxes and improve health care after taking office.
committed
practicing
commitment
involve vt. (使) 参加，加入；牵连，牵涉
[归纳拓展]
involve sb.in (doing) sth. 使某人参加某活动/参与（做）某事/把某人卷入某事中
involve doing sth. 包括做某事，需要做某事
involvement n.参与，加入
be involved in... 参与……，与……有关联
be involved in doing sth. 专心做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. He was involved _____ working out a plan.
2. Don’t involve me in ________ (solve) your problem.
in
solving
As teenagers, what can you do to protect environment (共11张PPT)
Unit 8
Viewing Workshop
Solar Energy
新 课 导 入
What do you know about solar energy
课 堂 学 习
Activate and Share
What do you know about solar energy Discuss your ideas in pairs and see if you can answer the questions.
1. What is solar energy
2. What do we use solar energy for
3. What form of energy can solar energy change into
Energy that comes from the Sun.
As heat for making hot water, heating buildings and cooking. To generate electricity with solar cells. To take the salt away from sea water. For drying clothes and towels.
Light energy and heat energy.
View and Learn
Watch the plete the information.
1. Solar energy is energy that __________________ and it is what makes you feel ______________.
2. Solar energy is what causes solar panels to turn sunlight into _________.
3. Solar energy is what sets a piece of paper _______ under a magnifying glass.
4. We see solar energy as _______ and we feel solar energy as ________.
comes from the Sun
hot in summer
electricity
on fire
light
heat
What can solar energy do to wind and plants Watch the video and choose the correct information to complete the diagram.
grind grain, make plants grow, power windmills,
help generate electricity, pump water, move sailboats,
give the cow energy
power windmills, grind grains, pump water,
move sailboats and help generate electricity
give the cow energy
How does solar energy cause matter on Earth to change into other forms Watch the video again. Complete the flow chart.
ice
water
air
clouds
the Earth
water
Express yourself
Search online and find ways we can use solar energy. Discuss your ideas in small groups.
Try to retell what you know about solar energy.(共31张PPT)
Unit 8
Lesson 3
“White Bikes” on the Road
(1)
新 课 导 入
Let’s talk
1. Which means of transport do you often choose in your daily life
2. Which means of transport do you think is environmentally friendly
3. Have you tried shared bikes
课 堂 学 习
Are there any shared bikes in your neighbourhood or around your school What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of them
Advantages
convenient
saving energy
reducing pollution
providing public transport
making “the last-mile distance” easy
Disadvantages
causing parking problems
causing accidents on the road
Pre-Reading
1
Can you guess in which city the idea of “shared bikes” was born
Read the text and decide the topic. Choose the best title for the passage.
A. Amsterdam—the City of Bicycles
B. The Return of “White Bikes”
C. “White Bikes” on the road
While-reading
Amsterdam is called "the City of Bicycles". Why is it a good city for cycling Read the first paragraph and take notes about the reasons.
2
Why is Amsterdam a good city for cycling
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
It’s flat and therefore convenient for bicycles
There are plenty of places for bicycles parking; Most streets in the city centre have a bicycle
38% of all trips are made by bike
Where did the idea of “white bikes” start What happened to it soon after, and what is the situation now Read the rest of the text. Make notes in the table.
3
Understanding Development of Events
The development of events talks about how one event followed another to create a certain situation.
Find the starting point of the events.
Find out when and where the events developed.
Find out what problems developed and what the consequences of the development were.
Skill Builder
In the 1960s
In 1999
Now
People in Amsterdam first had the idea for “white bikes”. They wanted to reduce the amount of traffic and pollution in the city centre. They painted hundreds of white bikes and left them around the city centre for people to use. Within a matter of weeks, the bikes had all been stolen and the project came to an end.
“White bikes” returned to Amsterdam. This time every bike had a computer tracking system in it to make it possible to record its movements and you had to use a special card to take a bike.
Bike-sharing is becoming more and more popular in cities around the world, including Chinese cities.
Development of “White Bikes”
4
Answer the following questions based on your notes.
1 Why did cycling fans put forward the idea of “white bikes” in the 1960s
2 What is the difference between the “white bikes” of the 1960s and of 1999
They were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport.
1960s 1999
painted the bikes white
anyone could use them for short journeys
parked where they finished the journey
problem: theft—stoppage of the program
be designed with bright colors
special parking near destination
solution: computer tracking system
3 What effects have “white bikes” had on Amsterdam
4 Why has the idea spread to other parts of the world in recent years
People can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam.
Because bike-sharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution, and enjoy the benefits of exercises in cities.
Introduce “white bikes” in Amsterdam with the help of the flow chart.
5
Group Work
“White bikes” in the 1960s
purposes
actions
results
Influence in the world
Amsterdam: the City of Bicycles
The return of “white bikes” in 1999
actions
results
Today…
Post-reading
Think and share.
6
1 What does the title “‘White Bikes’ on the Road” mean
2 What does the writer mean by saying “Where will bike-sharing go in China You decide”
“White bikes” on the road refers to “white bikes” being used to ride around the streets of a city. Apart from the literal meaning, the title can also mean that the effort to implement “White bikes” projects takes time and it’s still on the way. There’s still aspects that need to be improved.
Young people like the students will determine how successful bike-sharing is in the future by deciding whether or not and how much they want to use it. It can also mean that whether or not bike-sharing can exist successfully depends on each individual. Everyone has to take the responsibility to take care of bike-sharing so that it can last longer and help people better.
What are the similarities and differences between “white bikes” in Amsterdam and shared bike in your city/ town
Express Yourself
Similarities:
1. People use them for short journeys.
2. There’s a computer tracking system to record their every move.
3. They’re painted in bright colours.
Amsterdam China
Free public transport.
People pay to use them.
People have to put in a special card to use them.
People download APPs to use them.
They are parked at special parking places.
…
They are left at where users complete their journeys.
…
Differences:
Complete the summary with the information you have learnt.
7
People in Amsterdam have been 1____________________ cycling for years. They are particularly lucky because the city is very flat and therefore 2____________ cycling. Back in the 1960s, a group of cycling fans 3_____________ an idea of using free shared bikes. They believed that this would help to 4_____________, 5______________ and 6_________________________. However, shortly after setting up the new system, there was a serious problem as all the bikes 7______________. In 1999, the bike-sharing idea returned to Amsterdam. This time they were 8_____________ a computer 9______________. 10______________ the efforts of many people, the idea of “shared bikes” has now pedalled its way around the world.
enjoying the benefits of
convenient for
came up with
save energy
reduce pollution
provide free public transport
disappeared
designed with
tracking system
Thanks to
北师大 必修第三册
Unit 8
( 英语 )
ENGLISH
Lesson 3
“White Bikes” on the Road
(2)
Key points
allow vt.允许，准许；使可能
[归纳拓展]
allow...to do sth. 允许……做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事
be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事
allow for 考虑到；把……计算在内
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. Our school has recently purchased the latest multimedia(多媒体) equipment, allowing students _________ (learn) more efficiently.
2. The kids are not allowed _________(leave) unless their parents come to pick them up.
3. We don’t allow __________ (park) here unless you have a permit.
to learn
to leave
parking
thanks to 幸亏，由于
[归纳拓展]
表示“因为，由于”的其他短语：
(1) because of 常作状语。
He can’t come because of the bad weather. 他不能来了，因为天气不好。
(2) due to 常作状语和表语。
The car accident was due to his careless driving. 这起车祸是由他的粗心驾驶造成的。
【辨析比较】 thanks to/thanks for
thanks to表示原因；
thanks for表示“因为……而表示感谢”。
Thanks for your timely help.多谢你的及时帮助。
I’d love to go to the party. Thanks for inviting me.我愿意参加派对。谢谢你邀请我。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. Thanks _____ the advances in technology, students can learn online at home during the epidemic period(流行期).
2. Thanks _____inviting me to the Chinese Calligraphy Exhibition.
to
for
People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. 人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。
【句型分析】People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, where 引导定语从句，修饰the place。
so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.
so that引导的目的状语从句
[归纳拓展] so that 引导的目的状语从句
so that既可以引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句，其具体用法如下：
(1)① so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，可用 in order that替换，从句中常用may，can，might，could等情态动词。
Parents and children should communicate more to narrow the gap between them so that they can understand each other better. 为了缩小家长和孩子之间的代沟，他们应该多交流，以便他们能更理解对方。(表目的)
②当 so that引导的目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语一致时，可以将从句简化为不定式或“in order to/ so as to”结构。注意: so as to不能放在句首，而 in order to可放在句首。
We got up early so that we could get there on time. =We got up early to get there on time.= We got up early in order to/ so as to get there on time. 我们早早起床，以便能准时到那儿。(表目的)
(2) so that引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，结果”，主从句之间可用逗号隔开。
He didn’t plan his time well, so that he didn’t finish the work in time.
他没有计划好时间，结果没及时完成工作。(表结果)
[即学即练] 判断下面句子中 so that引导的从句类型
1. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their finest work so that he could choose the best. ____________________
2. David often told lies so that nobody believed him when he told about a deer in the schoolyard. ____________________
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
Focus on Language: Verbs or Nouns
Is it a verb or a noun
cycle
There are many verbs in the English language that come from nouns and vice versa.
… Back in the 1960s, a group of cycling fans.
the name of an object / a thing
an action / to do things
Look at the Word pare the two sentences in each pair. Decide what the word in red expresses.
8
a the name of an object / a thing b an action / to do things
Word Builder
Verbs or Nouns
1 The group painted hundreds of bicycles white… ( )
I need a can of red paint. ( )
2 Make sure you put your schoolbag in a proper place. ( )
…placed them in may areas… ( )
3 …this time with a computer tracking system to record their very move! ( )
Try to keep a record of what you have learnt. ( )
4 Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes” has pedalled its way around the world… ( )
Both pedals of my bicycle were broken. ( )
b
a
a
b
b
a
b
a
What other similar words do you know
enjoy---enjoyment believe---belief pollute---pollution
transport---transport use---use,etc.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words.
9
1 Jason _____________ down the road to his school.
She put her foot down on the _________.
2 The house will look bright with white _______.
The old man asked, “Who _______ all these on my wall ”
3 You should wash your cup and ______ it on the table.
This is a great _______ for a holiday.
4 I try to keep a ________ of everything I spend.
Her mum made her _______ every penny she spent.
pedals/pedalled
pedal/pedals
paint
painted
place
place
record
record
1. Can you correctly speak out the development of “white bikes ”
2. Can you say some Verbs or Nouns (共19张PPT)
Unit 8
Reading Clubs & Check Your Progress
新 课 导 入
Sweden does very well in recycling. Here is a video for you to get more information.
课 堂 学 习
◆ Reading Club 1 Recycling
General Understanding
1
What are the differences between the waste management in Sweden and that of some countries in Africa
Critical Thinking
2
What does the writer mean by saying “Where most people see a problem, a few clever individuals have seen opportunities.”
The waste is a problem, but some clever people have managed to come up with solutions that create good results.
3
What do other countries do on waste management Do you think Sweden’s method can be applied to your city or town
◆ Reading Club 2 The Environment: A Local and Global Issue
In many ways, life has become far more comfortable and convenient in the past few decades. However, this has come at a huge cost to the environment. Here, we look at three of the most serious environmental problems we are currently facing.
Overflowing Landfills
Global Warming
Air Pollution
General Understanding
1
Read the texts. Answer the questions.
1. What are the causes and effects of air pollution
2. What is global warming and how does it affect our planet
The causes of air pollution are: the burning of fossil fuels, construction, the burning of waste.
The effects of air pollution are: serious health problems and deaths.
Global warming is the increase in the temperature of the Earth’s near-surface air and oceans. It affects our planet in many ways: sea levels are rising due to the melting of polar ice sheets and countries around the world have faced extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, floods and heat waves.
3. What are landfills and why are they becoming a serious problem
4. What are the possible solutions to these environmental problems
Landfills are big spaces of land used for waste disposal. They are becoming a serious problem because landfills are now reaching capacity and therefore the amount of chemicals in the waste entering our water supply increased.
Some possible solutions to these environmental problems are: using public transport instead of driving, recycling your waste and reducing the amount of waste you produce.
Critical Thinking
2
What do you think of the fourth R- Responsibility Do you think it’s more important than the other three Rs (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) Why
◆ Check Your Progress
1
Li Zhen has written about people who protect the environment. She has chosen to write about Jane Goodall and Yi Jiefang.
(1) Complete the paragraph about Jane Goodall. The first letter of each missing word is provided.
Jane Goodall has worked to protect wildlife for over 50 years and is the world's best-known 1 e_______ on wild chimpanzees. In 2 a_________ to her research, she also contributes greatly to green living. She has said that many people suffer from what is known as "Just-me-ism".
xpert
ddition
In the early 1990s, Jane Goodall 3 e__________ Roots & Shoots. It's an 4 o____________ that promotes 5 e____________ protection and empowers young people to take positive 6 a_________for the environment, animals and their community.
stablished
rganisation
nvironmental
ction
(2) Choose the correct words to complete the paragraph about Yi Jiefang.
Yi Jiefang is a woman of great 1 force / strength and people 2 admire / consider her work very much. Her life changed after a car 3 disaster / accident took the life of her son. Before he died, her son was 4 concerned / questioned about the sandstorms and the increasing size of the deserts in Inner Mongolia. To remember her son, she founded a 5 committee / charity organisation called NPO-Greenlife.
Many people were moved by her story and became volunteers for the organisation. The organisation plants trees in the northern 6 region / city of China. The survival 7 rate / number of the trees is 85% now, which makes the organisation's work very effective.
(3) Write a short introduction about any other person you know who helps to protect the environment.
2
Chen Yang held an interview with an environmentalist, Prof. Liu, for her class plete their dialogue with the options below.
Are there any other advantages Are there any problems with
Could you tell me more about What’s your personal opinion about this idea
Chen Yang: Thank you, Prof. Liu. You have mentioned many interesting
ideas about what we can do to help our environment.
1_____________________________ bike-sharing
Prof. Liu: Certainly. Bike-sharing in cities has huge benefits because it
helps cut down the number of cars on the road, which reduces
pollution and leads to cleaner air.
Chen Yang: 2____________________________
Could you tell me more about
Are there any other advantages
Prof. Liu: Sure. It also saves money as users don't have to pay much for it.
Chen Yang: 3_________________________ the bike-sharing system
Prof. Liu: I have to admit that as it is a new idea, there are some problems.
Chen Yang: Some city planners have said that the bike-sharing system is
too expensive and we should focus on things like cheaper buses.
4________________________________________
Prof. Liu: I understand what they are saying. For example, in some cities where
bike-sharing systems are in place, some people have damaged the bikes
on purpose, which increases costs. But I think all the current issues can
be solved. We just need to be patient as they are still not perfect at the
moment.
Chen Yang: Thank you, Prof. Liu.
Are there any other advantages Are there any problems with
Could you tell me more about What’s your personal opinion about this idea
Are there any problems with
What’s your personal opinion about this idea
3
Chen Xi did a survey for his project among students who are concerned about the use of plete the students' comments (A-D) with the correct form of the words in brackets.
A: There are too many people 1________ (drive) on the road. Most people use cars without thinking about the necessity of using them, and many cars are used by only a driver without any passengers. It's frustrating to see fuel 2_________ (waste).
B: The increasing use of cars makes air pollution a very serious problem. It is harmful for humans, animals and plants to live with 3_________ (pollute) air.
driving
wasted
polluted
C: Cars also cause noise pollution. According to research, cars are the main source of noise pollution in urban environments. I live near a main road and I find some drivers make a noise by beeping their car hooters loudly, even at night. That's really 4__________ (annoy).
D: We need to reduce the use of cars and make public transport cheap and efficient. When 5________ (stop) in a traffic jam, I always feel annoyed. Yesterday morning, it took my dad an hour to drive me to school in his car and therefore he was late for work. Do you know that cars produce more air pollution while stopped in a traffic jam than when they are moving
annoying
stopped
Chen Xi asked the students for ideas on how to set up a carpool as part of his survey. Help him turn their ideas into a poster for the classroom wall.
4
Three to four students per car
One parent drives the car
Families take turns to drive students to school
…
What have you learnt in this unit Reflect and complete the diary.
※ Useful words and expressions I learnt for talking about the environment and its protection:
____________________________________________________________________________________
※ Three impressive sentences I’d like to remember from this unit:
____________________________________________________________________________________
※ Things I learnt about writing a survey report:
_________________________________________________________________________________
※ The parts I like / dislike in this unit:
_________________________________________________________________________________(共14张PPT)
Unit 8
Lesson 1 Roots and Shoots
Grammar
新 课 导 入
(1) Well, say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth…
(2) Do you want to be a part of a community for a shared future
(3) One cheered-up person, one happy dog, one flowering plant, and you.
(4) a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees...
阅读下面句子，体会下列划线单词。
Do you know the functions of the verb-ing and -ed forms
课 堂 学 习
Grammar
分词是非谓语动词的一种
在句中起形容词和副词的作用
可以作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等
分词有两种：现在分词(v.-ing)和过去分词(v.-ed)
分词
现在分词&过去分词
分词 语义 例句
现在分词 主动、 进行 developing country 发展中国家
Do you know the woman talking to Tom
过去分词 被动、 完成 developed country 发达国家
The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.
分词的句法功能（一） 作表语 (predicative)
分词 例句 解读
现在分词 1. His favorite sport is playing basketball. 2. The film is exciting. 1. 指一般性、经常性的动作；
2. 表示主语所具有的特征或
属性，意为“令人……的”。
过去分词 He was excited at the news. 常表示主语的性质或状态，意为“感到……的”。
分词的句法功能（二） 作定语 (attributive)
分词 例句 解读
现在分词 The young man sitting between John and Mary is an editor. 被修饰词the young man与分词sitting为逻辑上的主动关系，sit动作正在进行。
过去分词 The problem discussed yesterday has been solved. 被修饰词the problem与分词discussed为逻辑上的被动关系，discuss动作已经完成。
【注意】
1. 过去分词作定语在意义上有两种可能：表示被动和完成或者只表示完成，如fallen leaves(落叶)。
2. 分词作定语常常相当于一个定语从句。
如：
Those wishing to join this club should sign here.
= Those who wish to join the club should sign here.
The man, disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.
=The man, who was disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.
分词的句法功能（三） 作宾语补足语
(object complement)
分词 用法 例句 解读
现在分词 常跟分词作宾补的动词有感官动词和使役动词，以及其他如keep, find, leave等。 I heard them singing in the classroom. 被修饰词them与分词singing为逻辑上的主动关系。
过去分词 I will get my hair cut this afternoon. 被修饰词my hair与分词cut为逻辑上的被动关系。
分词的句法功能（四） 作状语 (adverbial)
分词 例句 解读
现在分词 Seeing from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory. 分词seeing与主语we为逻辑上的主动关系。
过去分词 Seen from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful. 分词seen与主语the factory为逻辑上的被动关系。
【注意】分词作状语可以转化成相应的状语从句，如：
1. Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.
= After he took a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.
2. Born into a poor family, he had only two years of schooling.
= As he was born into a poor family, he had only two years
of schooling.
3. Given more time, we could do it better.
= If we were given more time, we could do it better.
4. Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
=When they heard the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
Match the words in bold (1-4) with their functions (a-c).
9
1 one flowering plant
2 leave one little tap running
3 the world’s best-known expert
4 Inspired by her example, he began to work harder.
a attributive
b adverbial
c object complement
Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. What is the function of each verb form
10
Last Tuesday, a Roots & Shoots project was set up in my community. As I walked down No. 1 Street, I saw volunteers 1 ____________ (encourage) people to join in. 2 _________(inspire) by the message of the project, many people felt that we should act now, as we have seen an 3 ___________ (increase) number of highly 4 __________ (pollute) days this year.
While recently, many have become more concerned about environmental protection, there are still some who haven’t, 5 ________ (think) that someone else will deal with the problem. However, if everybody had that attitude, we would never see any environmental problems 6 ________ (solve) in our society. We should remember — it’s not just “me”!
encouraging
Inspired
increasing
polluted
thinking
solved
object complement
adverbial
attributive
attributive
adverbial
object complement
Express Yourself
Imagine you are a volunteer of Roots & Shoots. Use what you have learnt to persuade one of the following people.
I’m just a student. When I become a powerful person I can do more.
I’m doing what I can, but I don’t know how to make my friends do the same.
I know it’s important, but I’m too busy and don’t have time for small things like this.
Now can you correctly make sentences by using verb-ing and verb-ed forms (共14张PPT)
Unit 8
Writing Workshop
A Survey Report
新 课 导 入
Let’s talk
What should we do to protect our environment
课 堂 学 习
You are going to write a survey report on environmental protection for the residents in your city on town.
A survey report should include:
A clear purpose
Proper quantity expressions
Proper graphs
A good conclusion
A logical organization
Pre-writing
Read for Idea
Read the survey and answer the questions.
1. Who conducted the survey
2. When and where was the survey conducted
3. How many people took part in the survey
4. What’s the purpose of the survey
City officials.
Last August at Summer Fun Festival.
About 500 residents.
(496 city residents, 15 years of age and older)
To find out people’s attitudes to protecting the environment and what actions they had taken.
5. What questions are asked
6. What are the findings
Is it necessary to help protect the environment
What activities have you done
√
Label each paragraph of the report with following headings.
3
Read for Structure
a Introduction
c Negative findings
b Conclusion
d Positive findings
( )
( )
( )
( )
1
3
4
2
√
Underline the quantity expressions in the survey report.
Use the Sentence Builder to help you.
4
Quantity Expressions
as high as / almost all
The percentage is … as high as 96%.
about / around
Around 90% had tried to recycle waste …
most of / more than / the majority of
More than two thirds (70%) had tried to cut back on the use of disposable packaging …
just under / just over
Just under 40% (38%) tried to save water…
not as many / very few
Not as many were saving water and energy.
√
√
√
写作指导
一、审题定调
调查报告是针对生活中的某一现象、事情或问题进行调查研究，然后把调查结果真实地表述出来的书面报告，是常见的应用文。描述报告结果和数据时，常用一般现在时，人称以第三人称为主。
二、谋篇布局
调查报告通常包括调查主题、调查信息以及调查结果。根据提示结合图表，把调查的相关信息和结果清楚、条理地表述。
正文可分为三部分：
第一部分：说明调查主题及目的。
第二部分：介绍具体的调查信息（如内容、范围、对象、人数及方式）。
第三部分：描述调查结果。
三、组织语言
While-writing
Outlining. Write an outline for your report based on Activities 3 and 4, and the data below. You can also do a survey online and write a report based on the data you got.
5
Drafting. Use your outline and the Writing Help to write your first draft.
6
Editing. Edit your report in pairs. Then share what you have written in class.
7
Now can you conclude how to write a survey report
