Unit2 The environment 单元导学案(含答案)

M5 Unit2 The environment
一、课前自主预习——课文重建
根据本单元reading 课文信息填空（每空一词）。
The economy or the environment—must we choose？
Lin Shuiqing Qian Liwei
Large areas of the world are damaged by 1.________ waste.Many places have bee ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n destroyed and many plants and animals have died.Factories produce large 2.________ of poisonous chemicals.The waste goes into the 3.________ and flows into our water.Many rivers are full of chemicals and many sea creatures are killed. Being 4.________ as being against the environment.
Many sea creatures are being 5.________ out by fishing boats. Knowing that a health ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y environment and a 6.________ economy should be possible at the same time.
Human beings keep pro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ducing more and more people and they need more food to eat. People are very concerned about the environment. Controlling t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he amount of pollution factories and industries produce. Spending money repairing the damage they cause.
7.________
Trying to cut back on production. Recycling may be the key to helping both sides.
Reducing the amount of things we make and buy. 8.________ more effective laws to preserve the environment. Controlling how many trees are cut down. Controlling fish boats.
Thinking more about recycling. Factories have to 1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )0.________ higher taxes if they pollute the environment.
9.______ people about environmentally friendly ways of living.
Creating more jobs and helping the economy at the same time.
二、课内合作探究
I、考点导练
一． 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。（每空限填一词）
1. The two sides ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are hotly d________ what to do to get out of the difficulties.
2. The man attack ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed an innocent child and was a ________ by the police on the spot.
3. She has had a numbe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r of different jobs，r________ from chef to swimming instructor.
4. I really ________(感激)your support.
5. In the pas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t several________(十年)，the village has experienced great changes.
6．The fire caused the _________(毁坏)of all the buildings in the area.
7．They think ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of _________(贪婪的)businessmen hiding from their responsibilities and only worrying about money.
8．Two people were _________(逮捕)yesterday at a Paris airport.
9．I find many peopl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e w _________ to pay a little higher price for things that are friendly to the environment.
10．The first projec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t，a water and soil __________(保护)project，was set up in 1989.
二.语境填词
1．In my opinion，i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t is some ________(企业) that should take the ________(责任) for the ________ (有毒的) gases.
2．________(显然地)，the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )number of the __________(剩余的) wild animals in this ________(保护区) is __________ (下降) rapidly.
3．He took the __________(建议) that he __________ (视察) the project regularly.
4．He felt ____________ (羞愧的) for he had taken it ________(非法地)．
三.选词填空
wipe out，rise to，in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) addition，cut back on，take...step，set up，stock up with，under way，the number of，a success
1．The man worked him 16 hours a day and beat him _____________.
2．You must _______ every _______ to keep down expense(费用)，as we have got limited money.
3．Father _______________wine and brandy for the New Year party these days.
4．The workers are goi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng all out to make the output ________ three times what it was 5 years ago.
5．All the preparations are well ____________.
6．The army factory _________________by our bombs so far.
7．Students in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )our school gave their clothes to the poor children in that area，and _____________the poor kids there was about 900.
8．The school _____________ a special class to help poor readers recently.
9．Professor Zhou do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nates 20,000 yuan to the school every year and he is regarded as _________.
10．As these new prod ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ucts are not selling well，the members of the board have decided to __________________ production.
四．汉译英
1．显然，你很关注长江的环境问题。(clear；be concerned about)
____________________________________________________________________
2．我的建议是环境保护者和经济学家并肩工作，创造一个环境卫生、经济稳定的社会。
(side by side)
_____________________________________________________________________
3．政府应该制定法律禁止未经处理的生活垃圾和工业垃圾倒入长江。
(prohibit...from...；be deposited into)
_____________________________________________________________________
4．难道你不认为我们所提出的是解决问题的最佳可行方案吗？
(raise；the best possible solution to)
_____________________________________________________________________
5．我个人认为全球气温转暖会对地球造成意想不到的后果。(personally；have an effect on)
_____________________________________________________________________
II、考点探究
考点1： debate n．讨论，争论，辩论(会)；vt. & vi.辩论，讨论，争辩；思考，考虑
归纳拓展
—How was the televised debate last night
—Super！Rarely did a de ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bate attract so much media attention.(2007·上海，31)
——昨晚的电视辩论如何？
——太好了！很少有辩论能吸引这么多媒体的关注。
活学活用
(1)He was debating ________________ for a walk or to visit a friend.
他在考虑去散步还是去访友。
(2)The question of a third airport is still ________________.
关于第三个机场的问题正在讨论之中。
(3)She________ wit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h her roommate about who should do the housework last night，but she didn’t think it was her fault.(2011·邵阳月考)
A．discussed B．was debated
C．argued D．quarrelled
考点2．approach vt.& vi.接近，靠近；要求；对付；n.靠近，接近；态度，方法
归纳拓展
approach to...(做某事)的方法/途径；接近，靠近
easy/difficult of approach(场所)易/难接近的；(人)易/难亲近的
(1)On approaching t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hem，we saw it was a mother whale with her baby.(2010·湖北，阅读理解A)
当我们靠近时发现，这是一个鲸妈妈带着她的孩子。
(2)This approach represents a radical departure from previous policy.
这种方法与以往的策略有着根本区别。
活学活用
(1)The school has decided to ____________________ to discipline.
学校已决定采取另一种方法解决纪律问题。
(2)用means，way，method，manner，approach填空
If he changes his __ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______ of thinking，his teaching ________ will present a new __________ to foreign language teaching and by this ________ the students will make great progress，but his ______ is disappointing.
(3)My ________ to teaching is different from yours.
A．approach B．arrange C．approval D．attitude
考点3．range n．种类；范围；山脉；v.排列；排序
归纳拓展
We cautiously beg ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an a conversation and spoke about a wide range of things. (2010·重庆，阅读理解A)
我们谨慎地开始对话，话题很广泛。
活学活用
(1)There are 120 students whose ages __________________.
有120名学生，年龄在10到18之间。
(2)—What is the cost of your shirts here，sir
—It depends on whi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch fashion you want to buy，and the prices________ from 100 dollars to 500 dollars.
A．increase B．range C．reach D．different
考点4.remain vi.剩余；逗留；仍然是
__________ adj.剩下的(前置定语)
__________ n．残留物；剩饭菜；遗物；遗址
归纳拓展
The palace caught f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ire three times in the last century，and little of the original building remains now.(2010·重庆，29)
这座宫殿在上个世纪发生过三次火灾，其最初的建筑现在几乎所剩无几。
活学活用
(1) Many questions ____________________.
许多问题仍未解答。
(2) It only ________ for you to open the door.
你所要做的只是打开门。
(3)There are only two candidates that ______________________(有待于考虑)．
(4)This proble ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m may lead to more serious ones if______ unsolved. (2010·娄底模拟)
A．making B．left C．remained D．keeping
考点5．lay v．产；搁；放；布置
归纳拓展
lay off解雇；停止工作
lay aside储存(某物)待用/备用
lay down放下(工具、武器等)；规定；制定；放弃
The living ro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )om is clean and tidy，with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked. (2010·山东，29)
起居室既干净又整洁，为做饭准备的餐桌也已摆好。
(2)She was laid off a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )long with many others when the company moved to California.
当公司迁往加利福尼亚时，她和许多工人失业了。
活学活用
(1)They _________________ for their daughter’s marriage.他们存了些钱以备女儿结婚用。
(2)用lay，lie的适当形式填空
One day while we were ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )①________ on the grass，he ②________ to me that he ③________ the eggs that the hen had just ④________ on the table. I knew he was telling a ⑤________.
(3)In the glob ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )al financial crisis some US firms plan to________ workers by the thousands.
A．lay in B．lay off C．lay down D．lay aside
考点6．appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；意识到
____________ n．欣赏；感激
归纳拓展
—Bruce，I really appreciate your handwriting.
—Thank you very much. (2009·福建，21)
——布鲁斯，我很欣赏你的书写。
——多谢。
活学活用
(1)I don’t think you ________________________ this will cause.
我认为你不完全了解这件事情会造成怎样的困难。
(2)____________________ you would turn the radio down.
如果你把收音机的声音调小一点，我将非常感激。
(3)I wrote him a lett ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er to show my ________ of his thoughtfulness. (2011·扬州模拟)
A．achievement B．agreement C．attention D．appreciation
考点7．prohibit vt.禁止；阻止
__________ n．禁止；禁令
归纳拓展
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
(1)Smoking is prohibited. (2008·江苏，阅读理解C)
禁止吸烟。
(2)The price prohibited us from/our buying it.
这东西价钱太高，我们买不起。
活学活用
(1) Visitors ____________________ feeding the animals.
禁止游客投喂动物。
(2)The environmen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tal group is demanding a complete ________________ the hunting of whales.
该环保组织要求彻底禁止捕猎鲸鱼。
(3)The governmen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t passed a regulation to______ parking in the city centre.
A．avoid B．prohibit C．allow D．agree
考点8. reserve v．预订，预约；保留
____________ n．保留意见；疑惑；(旅馆、房间等的)预订，预约
归纳拓展
(1)It is for these ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share. (2008·北京，阅读理解D)
我正是要把这美好的时光留给这些人，不会因为太好而不共享。
(2)I’ve reserved a room in the name of Jones.
我已经以琼斯的名字预订了一个房间。
活学活用
(1) Some members ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the committee ______________________ about the proposal.
委员会的一些成员对这项提议持保留态度。
(2)These seats are __________ special guests.
这些座位是留给贵宾的。
(3)—Helen，are we going for that Chinese meal you promised me
—Well，I forgot to ________ a table.(2011·宣城统考)
A．consult B．order C．reserve D．confirm
考点9．mean vt.意欲，打算； 意味着，意思是；对……当真；adj.刻薄的，卑鄙的，吝啬的
____________ n．意思
____________ adj.有意义的
____________ adj.没意义的
____________ n．方法，办法；手段
归纳拓展
活学活用
(1)—Why haven’t you bought any butter
—________________ but I forgot about it.
—你为什么没有买黄油？
—我本打算买的，但把这事忘了。
(2) Missing the train ________________________________________.
错过火车意味着再等一个小时。
(3)I ____________________ you，but I’m too busy.
我本来要去拜访你的，但是，我太忙了。
(4)The man is __________________________.
那人对钱很吝啬。
考点10．in addition另外；此外
归纳拓展
He’s now running h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is own company—that’s in addition to his job at the university.除了他在大学的工作外，他现在还经营自己的公司。
活学活用
(1)____________ English，he has studied a second foreign language.
除了英语外，他还学了第二外语。
(2)This is not an e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )conomical way to get more water；________it is very expensive.(2011·铜陵模拟)
A．worse still B．on the contrary
C．in short D．in addition
考点11．rely on依靠；依赖
归纳拓展
Companies re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly on e mail for their employees to communicate with each other.(2010·陕西，阅读理解D)
很多公司依靠 e mail使员工相互沟通。
活学活用
(1)Don’t ____________ do anything；he’s just a talker.
什么事都不要依靠他——他光会说空话。
(2)You may rely on him coming on time.
You may ______________ to come on time.
You may ______________ that he will come on time.
你放心，他肯定会按时来的。
(3)I think I can come，but don’t________.
A．depend on B．rely on it C．want it D．make it
考点12.lead to导致，造成(后果)(cause，result in)；通向
归纳拓展
We firmly believe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that war never settles anything. It only leads to violence. (2007·浙江，11)
我们坚决认为战争不会解决任何事情，只会导致暴力。
活学活用
(1)What ________________ I was not good at maths
是什么使你相信我数学不好的？
(2)It is sai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d that a cigarette end ______________________ the forest fire.
据说是一个烟头引起了这场森林大火。
(3)Look over ther ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e—there’s a very long，winding path ________ up to the house.(2011·山东，27)
A．leading B．leads C．led D．to lead
考点13．focus on集中，关注
归纳拓展
What I do is to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )focus on the value of stories that people can translate into their own daily world of affairs.(2007·浙江，阅读理解D)
我所做的事情集中在故事的价值上，人们可以把它们转变成他们自己的日常事务。
活学活用
(1) All attention ______________ on that teacher.
所有的注意力都集中在那位老师身上。
(2) Each exercise ______________ a different grammar point.
每个练习各有不同的语法重点。
(3)In the long ru ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n，our attention must be ________ economic construction.(2011·宿迁月考)
A．paid on B．fixed to C．concentrated at D．focused on
考点14．My sugge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stion is that we should try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.
译文：______________________________________________________________________
句式提取：表语从句(should＋动词原形)
归纳拓展
suggestion,order,propo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sal,demand,request,advice等名词在句中作主语、表语、宾语，并且后面出现表语从句、同位语从句时，从句的谓语用should+do,should可省略。
My proposal is tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t we (should) send a few people to help the other groups.
我的建议是我们派几个人去帮助别的小组。
活学活用
(1)My idea is that we __________ exercises first.
我的看法是我们先做练习。
(2)His sugge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stion was that the political prisoners __________________.
他提议释放政治犯。
(3)The order ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) came that the medical supplies ________ to Beijing for the H1N1 flu soon.
A．would be sent B．should send C．be sent D．must be sent
(4)His suggestion ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is that the harvest ________ in before the rainy season comes.
A．be got B．get C．should get D．got
考点15．Nor is it good ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) news for the fish and wildlife that live in or along the river.
译文：______________________________________________________________________
句式提取：neither/nor＋be动词＋主语
归纳拓展
该句型用来表示“……也不这样”，即上面提到的情况也不适用于后面的人或物。句型中除了用be动词外，根据情况还可能是其它助动词或情态动词。
(1)If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party，neither will he.(2007·全国Ⅱ，11)
如果乔的妻子不愿意去参加聚会，他也不去。
(2)If you won’t go，neither will I.
如果你不去，我也不去。
活学活用
(1)He isn’t a student；________________ I.
他不是学生，我也不是。
(2)Li Ming didn’t cheat in the exam；____________ I.
李明考试没有作弊，我也没有。
(3)After that we never saw her again，__________ we hear from her.
在那以后，我们从未见过她，也没有收到过她的来信。
(4)We are all for your proposal that the discussion ________.
A．be put off B．was put off C．should put off D．is to put off
Ⅲ. 小组写作探究
一．同义句转换。
1. They may reach Shanghai at five o'clock tomorrow afternoon.
The approximate time o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f their ________ in Shanghai will be five o'clock tomorrow afternoon.
2. Alcohol may ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )take a few minutes to be taken in and start action on the brain.
Alcohol may take ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a few minutes to be ________ and start action on the brain.
3. It is against law to drive after drinking.
It is ________ to drive after drinking.
4. He is very ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )impressed with the teachers and the technology in his new school.
The teachers and the t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )echnology in his new school makes an ________ on him.
5. He should be responsible for what has happened.
He should take ________ for what has happened.
二.完成句子
1．他已经不是十年前的他了。
He isn’t ________________ ten years ago.
2．他采纳了在新餐馆吃午饭的建议。
He ________________________ that he have lunch at the new restaurant.
3．很显然他已经认识到学习的重要性了。
________________________ he has realized the importance of study.
4．我喜欢你微笑着说话的样子。
________________ when you speak with a smile.
第一部分 1.industrial　2.a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mounts　3.atmosphere　4.regarded　5.wiped　6.stable 　7.Suggestions　8.Needing 9．Teaching　10.pay
第二部分
Ⅰ1.discussing 2. arrested 3. ranging 4. appreciate .decades
6.destruction 7. greedy 8. arrested 9. willing 10. conservation
Ⅱ1.industry；responsibility；poisonous
2．Apparently；remaining；reserve；decreasing
3．advice；inspect
　4.ashamed；illegally
Ⅲ1. in addition ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). 2. take step 3. is stocking up with 4.rise to 5.under way. 6.has been wiped out 7. the number of 8.has set up 9. a success 10. cut down on
Ⅳ1．显然，你很关注长江的环境问题。(clear；be concerned about)
It_is_clear_that_you_a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re_very_concerned_about_the_environmental_problems_of_the_Yangtze_River.
2．我的建议是环境保护者和经济学家并肩工作，创造一个环境卫生、经济稳定的社会。(side by side)
My_suggestion ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_is_that_environmentalists_and_economists_(should)_work_side_by_side_to_create_a_society_with_a_healthy_environment_and_stable_economy.
3．政府应该制定法律禁止未经处理的生活垃圾和工业垃圾倒入长江。(prohibit...from...；be deposited into)
Our_governmen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t_should_make_laws_to_prohibit_untreated_human_and_industrial_waste_from_being_deposited_into_the_Yangtze_River.
4．难道你不认为我们所提出的是解决问题的最佳可行方案吗？(raise；the best possible solution to)
Don't_you_think_wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at_we_have_raised_is_the_best_possible_solution_to_the_problem
5．我个人认为全球气温转暖会对地球造成意想不到的后果。(personally；have an effect on)
Personally，I_believe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_that_global_warming_will_have_an_unexpected_effect _on_the_earth.
考点探究
1．活学活用
(1)whether to go　(2)under debate
(3)D　[句意为：昨晚她和她的室 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )友关于谁应做家务吵了一架……。quarrel with sb.about sth.就……而与某人发生口角。]
2．活学活用
(1)adopt a different approach
(2)way；method；approach；means；manner
(3)A　[由关键词teaching可知此处是“教学方法”，故选A项。]
3．活学活用
(1)range from 10 to 18
(2)B　[此处指价格从……到……不等；range from...to...从……到……之间变化，符合句意。]
4．remaining；remains
活学活用
(1)remain unanswered　(2)remains
(3)remain to be considered
(4)B　[省略句，完整的句子为i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f it is left unsolved，属leave sth.done结构，“使……处于……状态”。]
5．活学活用
(1)laid some money aside
(2)①lying　②lied　③laid　④laid　⑤lie
(3)B　[句意为：在全球经济危机中，一些美国公司计划数以千计地裁员。lay off解雇，符合句意。]
6．appreciation
活学活用
(1)appreciate the difficulties　(2)I’d appreciate it if
(3)D　[show appreciation of表达“对……的欣赏”。]
7．prohibition
活学活用
(1)are prohibited from　(2)prohibition against
(3)B　[由句意可知，此处应是“禁止做某事”，prohibit doing sth.禁止做某事，符合句意。]
8．reservation
活学活用
(1)expressed reservations　(2)reserved for
(3)C　[句意为：——海伦 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，我们要去吃你曾允诺我的中餐吗？——噢，我忘了预订桌位了。由句意可知，此处用reserve表示“预订”。consult咨询；order订购(货物)；confirm证实。]
9．meaning；meaningful；meaningless；means
活学活用
(1)I meant to　(2)means waiting for another hour
(3)meant to call on　(4)very mean with money
10．活学活用
(1)In addition to
(2)B　[句意为：这不是一种得到更多水的经济的方式，相反，它很昂贵。in addition意为“除此之外”，与题意不符。]
11．活学活用
(1)rely on him to
(2)rely on him；rely on it
(3)B　[句意为：我想我能来，但是不一定。rely on指望，相信……，符合句意。]
12．活学活用
(1)led you to believe　(2)caused/led to/resulted in
(3)A　[句意为：看那儿——有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一条很长的，蜿蜒曲折的小路通向那座房子。leads用作谓语动词，本题的there be句型中已有is，故排除B项；path与lead之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，又由题中的动词look可以判断lead这一动作不是表示将来或过去的动作，故排除C、D两项。leading up to the house作后置定语，修饰path，相当于定语从句which leads up to the house。故选A项。]
13．活学活用
(1)was focused　(2)focuses on
(3)D　[句意为：从长远来看，我们 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的注意力必须集中到经济建设上来。focus one’s attention on意为“集中某人的注意力”。注意pay attention to，fix one’s attention on，concentrate one’s attention on中介词的搭配。]
14．我的建议是我们应该尽力降低生产量，并且减少我们制造和购买物品的数量。
活学活用
(1)(should) do　(2)(should) be set free
(3)C　[先行词为order，其后的同位语从句中应用(should) do结构，且该句应用被动形式，故选C。]
(4)A　[suggestion作主 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语，后面that引导表语从句时，应用should＋do。但表语从句的主语harvest是动作的承受者，因此应用被动语态，此处省略了should。]
15．对生活在长江中的鱼类及各种野生动植物来说也不是好消息。
活学活用
(1)neither/nor am　(2)neither/nor did (3)neither/nor did
(4)A　[先行词为proposal，后面的同位语从句中应用(should) do结构，且该句应用被动形式。]
.
1.arrival 2. absorbed 3. illegal 4.impreesion 5.responsibility