中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题一 阅读理解——细节理解题
阅读理解部分中的细节理解题，旨在考查学生对文章细节处的理解及运用。
细节理解题通常针对文中的某个句子，从人物动作、思想感情、观点、事件的起因、发展、过程和结果等方面来命题，并且通常题的顺序和文章的段落顺序是匹配的，考生可以根据这一点准确定位，寻找答案。
分析2019-2023年近五年湖北省武汉中考阅读理解题型考向分布。
年份 体裁 题目类型考察频次
细节理解 推理判断 词句猜测 主旨大意 标题归纳
2023 说明文 2 2 1
记叙文 2 1 1 1
记叙文 3 1 1
2022 说明文 3 1 1
记叙文 2 1 1 1
记叙文 1 3 1
2021 说明文 2 2 1 1
记叙文 1 2 1 1
记叙文 1 2
2020
应用文 3 1 1
记叙文 2 1 1 1
记叙文 1 3 1
2019
应用文 3 2
记叙文 4 1
记叙文 4 1
一、类别
1.直接信息题：
数据处理题、同义转换题
2、间接信息题：
是非题、排序题
二、解题方法：寻读法
三、解题步骤：1.阅读题干，抓关键词
2.定位原文
3.分析选项
1.题型特点
这类题在阅读理解中所占比例较大。它常常针对文章中的事实和细节进行提问,用when,where,why,how,who,which,what等进行提问,目的在于测试学生对说明文章中心思想的支撑事实和细节的理解能力。
2.细节理解题主要的设问方式
①Which of the following is true/not true
②Which of the following is mentioned/not mentioned in the passage
③Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.
④Which of the following best describes...
⑤Which of the following shows/gives the right relationship/position of...
⑥When/Where/Why/Who/What/How...
3.细节理解题的解题技巧
所谓“事实细节”,是指在阅读理解的短文中客观存在的事实。细节理解题的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。一般来说,应在短文中找出相关信息的位置,确定试题测试的考点。当然,有的试题还得对原文所提供的事实进行一定的分析比较,才能做出正确的选择。
(1)查读法(scanning)
查读是在读者对材料有所了解的情况下进行的。查读的特点是带着问题寻找答案。
①用略读的方法通读阅读材料,对原文有一个大概的了解,掌握其主旨。
②按文章的体裁,如按记叙文、说明文和议论文等及作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词,如for example,first,second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
③把主要精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读,眼睛自左至右,自上而下呈Z形扫视,直至找到你所需要的部分。待找到你所需要的部分时,可放慢速度,细读要查找的内容。
(2)原文定位法
根据题干中的关键词,找准相关句、段的内容,再仔细对照,不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除,反之,则是正确选项。
①是非判断题。这类题的选项有两种形式:四项中有三对一错或三错一对。四项内容通常是对同一问题进行判断或对不同问题进行判断。不管什么形式、什么内容,通常都用原文定位法,把选项内容与原文内容进行对比分析,判断是否符合相关句的意义或在原文中提到过,然后进行排除解答。
②关于对年代和数字的考查通常分两类:直接考查和计算考查。对前者,根据文中信息能很容易地确定答案;对后者,首先要弄清题干问的是什么,然后找到与它相关的年代和数字,对它们进一步分析、整合,最后,结合题干计算出正确答案。
③对于最后一种常见题型,有两种考查形式:考查直接信息和对直接信息的理解。对直接信息的考查只需找到原文信息就能解决问题。后者则需对原文相关信息做正确理解,这个理解可能牵扯到对某一句话或某些句子的理解,考生在理解其意义时,一定要捕捉到关键性的词。对这类题要认真、周全地考虑方能选取正确答案。这种题的正确选项往往是原文意义的不同表现形式。
(3)首尾定位法
做排序题可采用“首尾定位法”。即先找出最先发生的事和最后发生的事,迅速缩小选择范围,从而快速选出正确答案。
(4)排除法
利用排除法时,考生要注意的是有时在两个难以抉择的选项之间一定要通过文章的整体意思来作出判断。
(5)按“文”索“图”法
做选图题时,可采用按“文”索“图”法。即从文中找出描绘图形的句段,按“文”索“图”。
解题步骤：
拓展：
题眼通常为：
名词：人名、地名、书名、专有名词和普通名词；
数词（短语）：时间、日期
谓语动词
做题小技巧：
1.若针对特殊标点符号,举例子,名人名言出题,只需要阅读符号，例子,名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。
2.在出现一些关键词，如however、but、moreover、therefore、 thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。
3.细节题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换项
4.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：must, never, the most, all, merely, only, have to, any, no, completely, none,等。但不是绝对，也有例外。
5.注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如： must, may, often, should, usually, might, most, more or less, likely, all, never，few 等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，往往被忽视。
6.细节题干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同；叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及.
【真题在线】
2019年武汉中考真题
A
31. The material above is mainly about .
A. The New YorkTimes B. “36 Hours” guides
C. an introduction to “Explorer” D. prices of the new books
32. The two books cover subjects.
A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8
34. What can we learn about the books from the material
A. They are very expensive.
B. They are well designed and made.
C. They are sold by a team of writers.
D. One of them is about ‘Beaches’, ‘Islands’and ‘Deserts’.
B
You don’ t have to be a scientist to solve big environmental problems. One Dutch designer is finding creative ways to make a change—and he’s inviting bikers to join him.
Daan Roosgaarde, 38, is a designer from Holland. He uses creative ideas to improve city life. For his Smog (雾霾) Free Project, he designed a special tower that cleans air in Chinese parks. In
Holland, he designed a shining bicycle path.
Now Daan and his team are working with engineers at Chinese bike-sharing company to create a new product for public use. It’s an air-cleaning machine connected to a bicycle and is part of the Smog Free Project. In smoggy weather, the machine would breathe in the air in front of the bike and blow out a stream of clean air toward the biker’s face.
It’s no secret that air pollution is a big problem for China. In winter, it’s common for thick clouds of haze (霾), caused largely by factory production, burning of coal and car emissions (排放物), to cover areas of China.
In 2016, only one-fourth of Chinese cities met the country’s air quality standards, according to a survey of 338 cities nationwide from the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
“Of course one tower and a few bikes won’t solve China’s air pollution problem,” Daan said, “But smog-free bikes are an exciting idea that will hopefully inspire communities to create greener cities.”
36. According to the writer, _ .
A. air pollution is not a big problem in China
B. creative ideas may help improve city life
C. only scientists can solve big environmental problems
D. the survey of 338 cities nationwide was not necessary
37. The air-cleaning machine offers clean air to the biker by .
A. blowing out dirty air
B. running fast with the bike
C. cleaning the air around the biker
D. breathing in dirty air and cleaning it
38. From the passage, we know that .
A. people who have creative ideas can get free bikes
B. only smog-free bikes can go on the shining bicycle path
C. Daan and his family spent all their time improving China’s air quality
D. China’s haze in winter happens because of more than three causes
39. Daan is inviting bikers to join him in order to .
A. raise money for the tower
B. test his new machine
C. help solve the air pollution problem
D. make more Chinese friends
C
Don’t Judge a Book by Its Cover
Ever since I was a little girl, I’ve loved reading crime and detective (侦探) novels, so I guess it was pretty normal that I started writing them when I was older. However, my family is very big on having a traditional career (职业) and so when I said that I wanted to go to college and study writing, my parents told me that I couldn’t. They told me that I had to study for a degree so that I would achieve a career, and not something as risky as writing. I suppose I could have studied journalism (新闻) ,but I didn’t want to lose interest in writing because it would be something I would do every day for work, not for pleasure. I thought that teaching looked like a pretty good compromise (妥协 ) , especially because of the long holidays. It was a good choice: by the time I was twenty-five，I’d already finished two novels and had an agent.To be honest, I never meant to keep my being a crime writer a secret or anything, and my friends have always known. One of the reasons most people don’t know is because my agent told me that my name Hazel sounded too much like a romance (浪漫) novelist for older women. She suggested Brooke Lane and I thought, “Well, if you think it’ll make me successful, okay,” I’d totally forgotten about it until I walked into school one day and saw one of my workmates reading my novel. I asked her some questions about it, and it was so clear that she had no idea that I’d written it - she even offered to lend it to me after she’d finished! Of course, sometimes I wonder what my students would think if they knew that their teacher was going home on the weekend to write about murders and dead bodies, but I think my parents probably did me a favor: my teaching job keeps me in touch with the real world.
41. Hazel is probably ．
A. an agent B. a journalist
C. a teacher and artist D. a teacher and writer
43. It’s clear that Hazel .
A. agreed to study journalism for a degree
B. accepted Brooke Lane as her pen name
C. would like to write something for teaching
D. told her workmates about her writing novels
44. Hazel finally realized that her parents’ advice on her career was .
A. helpful B. exciting C. disappointing D. risky
45. We can infer from the passage that .
A. Hazel likes showing off in public
B. Hazel’s students all want to write novels
C. Hazel’s agent has played a role in her success
D. older women prefer the name Brooke to Hazel
2020年武汉中考真题
A
July 21 2020 ABC English EDUCATION Students taught to love parents A middle school in Wuhan has stood out among other schools in students' love and care for their parents. The students are asked to spend at least one hour doing housework for their parents or giving some help in the neighborhood every Sunday, MOTHER's Day and parents' birthdays. The school aims (旨在) at turning the students into well-mannered children. The students, mostly from one-child families, were taught to be a good child under strict rules. For example, they are now used to saying good-bye to parents in the morning before they go to school. And no one forgets to say hello to the parents when they return from school. The parents are pleased to find their children can help them with some housework such as making beds, washing and cooking. From Wuhan Post
31. The news "Students taught to love parents" was first reported in _______.
A. ABC English B. Wuhan Post
C. Parent Daily D. School News
32. In which part of the newspaper can we read the news
A. CULTURE. B. FAMILY.
C. EDUCATION. D. HISTORY.
33. Who started the project
A. The parents. B. The newspapers.
C. The neighborhood. D. The school.
B
Hope Matters
Reyes Guana, 42, grew up in a poor Mexican family. He has seven brothers and sisters. His parents always had two jobs to make ends meet.
As a boy, Guana had a good relationship with the school cleaner. He called her "Nike" because she wore Nike shoes. The boy liked how Nike made everything clean. He told her he wanted to be a cleaner, too. "Well, it's good if you want to be a cleaner," Nike told little Guana. "But make sure you go to college."
Guana also looked up to the principal (校长) of his school. The school leader told the boy that his job was to help students and teachers. "Wow, when I grow up, I want to do what you're doing," Guana told him. "Well, if you stick to your dream, you will," the principal replied.
And Guana really got there. But it was quite a long journey for him. Twenty-three years ago, he followed in Nike's footsteps and was cleaning schools. He worked at three schools to pay for his college education. He held that job for four years and then worked his way up to being a school safety monitor. After that, he worked as a teacher for a few years.
Now, as a principal, Guana never forgets where he came from. He helps students from poor families and shows respect (尊重) for every school staff member. He always invites everyone to school parties, including those who clean the floors and those who drive the school buses.
36. Guana hoped to be a cleaner because he ______.
A. was good at cleaning B. admired the cleaner "Nike" a lot
C needed to support his poor family D. had to pay for his college education
37. Guana became a school safety monitor ______.
A. when he was nineteen B. after he worked as a teacher
C. as soon as he got enough money D. before he was named principal
C
When people discover that I work as a film and TV extra (临时演员), they always ask me the same questions: Emily, is it easy to get work Isn't it boring Do you get to meet famous actors Does it pay well My answers are pretty standard as well: Yes, sometimes, once in a while, and… kind of. The life of an extra is both more interesting and more boring than you might imagine.
Extras, who play the people in crowds, on streets, or in the background of indoors scenes, can come from all walks of life. Unlike many extras, I'm a trained actor. I do get real speaking roles, but work can be hard to come by if you're not a popular star. I'm registered (注册) with an agency that deals only with extras, so I get calls all the time. The agency explains who I'll be someone in a crowd, a member of a jury, a clerk and tells me where to go. Call time is usually bright and early, so I try to get to bed at a reasonable hour.
Sometimes being an extra is a "hurry up and wait" job. In my first extra role, I was one of a group of office workers who come out of a building just as a car explodes (爆炸) in the street. We waited for hours for the scene to be shot, and then went in and out of the building about fifty times, trying to act terrified by an explosion which was not real. Then we had lunch, changed clothes, and spent the afternoons as customers in a department store.
It may sound like I don’t enjoy the work, but I do. Being part of the background in a convincing (令人信服的) way is challenging, and being on a film or TV set is always fascinating. A lot of famous actors don't even notice the extras, but the ones who do make the job a lot of fun for everyone. As for the money, it's nothing compared to what the big actors make, but it pretty much pays the bills. And, as a bonus, I've beaten my high scores on all my phone games, thanks to all the time I spend sitting around, waiting for something to happen.
42. What does Emily think of her job
A. Busy. B. Enjoyable. C. Fashionable. D. Easy.
2021年武汉中考真题
A
TECH& LIFE MEMORY HELPER A talented young team from Ireland, the creators of Memory Helper, developed this support app (应用软件) for people with dementia (痴呆). And they won the final at the 2020 competition, standing out among 5,400 students from 62 countries, Mars Times reported. Last year, Laura, Aaron and Vicky put their heads together for Technovation Kids(TK), an international competition that encourages teenagers to create an app that solves a community problem. The inspiration for their project came from their teacher's mother, who had dementia and died earlier this year. To complete their project, the three designed an app to support both people with dementia and their caregivers. The app solves some common problems connected with dementia like loss(失去) of memory. “We hope that our app can reach millions of people who have dementia and just make their lives kind of easier, ” Laura said.
31. The app Memory Helper ________.
A. is used worldwide B. is designed for the old
C. helps deal with dementia D. connects people's brains
32. Where was the idea of creating Memory Helper from
A. The illness of a woman B. The advice of some students.
C. A scientific problem D. An international competition
B
When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there.
One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals and other projects began to be built in my village, “Who are they ” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied.
Shortly afterwards, I moved to another city for my junior high school. The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother.
One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised because everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard so villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it. When we arrived home, my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples. She told us that after the water conservation project (水利工程) was completed, a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river.
Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside.
Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we are from.
36. What troubled the villagers most was that ________.
A. they had too much work B. it was not convenient to go up the hill
C. they could only grow fruit trees D. there wasn’t enough water in the orchard
C
Think of somebody you really admire. You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily. As “Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”, Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to reduce world hunger and helping to feed the country with the largest population.
Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary Surgery(肝胆外科)”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years. He performed more than 16,000 operations during his life. Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time deformed his fingers. Wu once said, “It would my greatest happiness if I could work at the operating table until my dying day.”
In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria(疟疾), Tu Youyou, pharmacologist (药学家) took on the job as head of a research team. She and her teammates performed different kinds of experiments. However, the results were disappointing. Instead of giving up, they kept trying. Finally, in 1972, they made it! In 2015, at the age of 85, she received Nobel Prize.
Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb believed that every failure was a step towards success. He once said, “If I find 10,000 ways something won’t work, I haven’t failed. I am not discouraged, because every wrong try is another step forward.”
Sometimes, their success was a surprise, even to themselves. The famous scientist Alexander Fleming said, “When I woke up just after daybreak on 28th September, 1928, I certainly didn’t plan to revolutionize(变革) all medicine by discovering the world’s first antibiotic(抗生素). But I guess that was exactly what I did.”
Some people only became successful after their deaths. Not like Pablo Picasso who became famous and very rich during his lifetime, the artist Vincent Van Gogh only sold one painting all through his life and that was to a friend. But he kept painting and he painted more than 2,000 artworks in the following ten years. Now his paintings are very popular and they sell for millions of pounds.
One thing all these people have in common is sticking to their goals no matter what.
44. When Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, he ________.
A. felt too tired to stay awake B. didn’t plan to study all medicine
C. knew exactly what his success meant D. didn’t fully realize its importance
2022年武汉中考真题
A
Big Issue Produced by Pupils Big Issue has launched (发行) a special 24-page edition (版本) created by school children recently. Big Issue is a weekly magazine launched in 1991 to help homeless people. Pupils in 13 schools across the country have started selling the special edition and will give the money they raise to charities. _________________ The Richardson Primary School has created a classroom in a train carriage (车厢), marking 300 years since it was opened. The SON EXPRESS carriage, which is no longer moving, includes a library, a place to eat, and another learning space. The carriage will help the school to teach STEM subjects (science, technology, engineering and math). Students describe it as “magical”. Celebrating the Daily Mile On 28 April, the Daily Mile had its 10th birthday. It’s a global (全球的) movement designed to get children exercising every day. To mark the event, more than 320,000 students from 1,340 schools around the world completed a mile. One kid said, “Running a mile every day with my friends builds up my fitness.”
32. It’s clear that the special edition of Big Issue ________.
A. is over 30 years old B. is created by children from 13 schools
C. is launched monthly D. is sold to raise money by pupils
34. The students describe the train carriage as “magical” mainly because ________.
A. the carriage isn’t moving B. there are three classrooms in it
C. they like STEM class D. they can read, eat and learn there
35. To celebrate the 10th Daily Mile, ________.
A. a global competition was held B. 320,000 students got together
C. many kids ran a mile that day D. 1,340 schools stopped lessons
B
All through grade school, I got extra help with schoolwork. If I got a D, I was very happy. If I got a C-minus (C-), I had achieved greatness. A’s and B’s were a kingdom I could never enter.
Once my teacher, Miss Mills, had given me a list of ten spelling words. My mother and I went over the list until I knew those words. I felt great. I thought, “Wow! This time, I’m going to pass.” The next day, I went into the classroom and began to write down the words. The first word was carpet. I wrote that one down: c-a-r-p-e-t. I was feeling pretty confident. Then came neighbor-I wrote down the letter n. Then rhythm-I knew there was an r. Suburban-I wrote s-u-b. My confidence failed me. I had gone from 100 percent to maybe a D-minus. Where did the words go
Some people talk about information sliding off your brain. That was my life. I was an underachiever (未能充分发挥学习潜力者).
Now I know I have dyslexia (诵读困难症). A person with dyslexia might see the as teh, and bird as brid. My brain learns differently. A learning disability can really change the way you feel about yourself. Now I know that even if I learn differently, I can still be filled with greatness.
Today when I visit schools as an actor, director, and co-author of children’s books, I tell children that everyone has something special inside. It’s our job to find out what that is and get it out, and give it to the world as a gift.
36. What’s the writer’s problem in grade school
A. He had trouble spelling. B. He often got C-minuses.
C. He was absent-minded. D. He had a physical disability.
39. After the writer knew he had dyslexia, he ________.
A. felt very excited B. had more difficulties in study
C. was filled with sadness D. changed his view of himself
C
Boris, a foreign student at Communication University of China, often shares his experiences of Chinese culture on his vlog (视频博客).
In one video, for example, Boris shared how he had learned the Chinese word dongxi. He translated each part separately into “east west”. And he introduced one theory (说法) about how dongxi came to mean “things”. He told people that all marketplaces in ancient Chinese cities were set up along a single road that ran from east to west. So when you would say qu mai dongxi. you’d be saying, “I’m going to buy things.”
Some other videos show his reading Chinese poems and performing kung fu in Chinese traditional costume, which are quite welcome among his 40, 000 followers.
“Many of my followers are learning Chinese,” Boris said. “But sadly, they know little about Chinese culture and the country.”
Like many foreigners, Boris once believed that all Chinese could perform kung fu, flying onto roofs and walking over walls. He thought the country was not that developed. But after he got a scholarship (奖学金) to study in China in 2019, his view changed. “China has entered a new period, but many people’s impressions of China are still stuck in the1970s,” Boris said. “That’s why I started to shoot vlogs to share Chinese culture in 2019.”
Until now, Boris has posted more than 40 Chinese culture vlogs online. But making these vlogs is not easy. Take reading the poem Second Farewell to Cambridge by Xu Zhimo as an example.
“I can understand and read every word in the poem,” Boris said. “But to touch readers, I need to use proper feelings while reading.” So he needed to look for much background information and make his feelings suit each part of the poem.
Though shooting these vlogs takes lots of time, the young man feels proud that his vlogs have inspired many people. Boris said that he wanted to continue bridging the differences between two cultures. “This goal may not be achieved easily, but I will spare no efforts to do my part.”
41. Through the vlogs Boris mainly wants to ________.
A. teach foreigners Chinese B. introduce a Chinese university
C. sell Chinese products D. share his experiences in China
2023年武汉中考真题
A
Dinosaur (恐龙) Prints Discovered A diner eating in a restaurant’s outdoor yard, in Sichuan Province, has discovered dinosaur footprints on the ground. After using a 3D scanner (扫描仪), scientists made sure that the footprints are 100 million years old. They belonged to two dinosaurs with long necks and tails.
________________ Marley and Bob say they became interested in archaeology (考古学) from studying history at school, going to museums and watching Human Histories! They also go to the Young Archaeologists’ Club and they do digs at archaeological sites (地点) and carefully research their finds. “You never know what you might discover, and it is a fascinating way to uncover old remains on a real dig. It makes me really happy,” says Bob.
Students Find Ancient Mural A group of student archaeologists have unearthed a 1,000-year-old mural (wall painting). The 30-meter mural shows mysterious scenes, which could reflect what the life was like in ancient Peru. Professor Luis says, “The discovery is the most exciting and important find of recent years.”
32. Those dinosaur prints were found ________.
A. through a scanner B. by scientists
C. millions of years ago D. during a meal
34. Professor Luis finds the mural very valuable mainly because ________.
A. it’s connected to ancient society B. it shows the birth of the mural
C. it’s the world’s earliest wall painting D. it has a very large size
B
Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his “green” project. This public-spirited young person was now a university student. His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future.
_________. When he was around 4 or 5, he always loved to watch different insects, especially beautiful swallowtails(凤蝶). One interesting fact he learned about swallowtails was that their bright colors warned hungry animals that they tasted bad. And it was also fun to watch how they came into being. But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were very accessible. For example, if you wanted to attract (吸引) swallowtails, you planted some zinnias, a kind of bright flowers.
Bert started a zinnia garden at his house, where he raised a large number of swallowtails over the years. With the world’s swallowtail population falling, Bert wanted people to realize that if insects like swallowtails disappeared, so would all the others above them on the food chain. To make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students, he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school.
Part of the joy for Bert was watching the younger students get excited when running after swallowtails. “Whenever a swallowtail lands on them, the young students will soon fall in love with these cute insects. They develop a new appreciation for them,” he said.
Bert put his efforts into the environmental educational project and made it take flight.
36. After Bert was honored with Young Heroes, _________.
A. he often gave speeches in public
B. he set up his “green” project
C. he became interested in swallowtails
D. he went on protecting insects
39. The main reason for Bert to create a zinnia garden at school was _________.
A. to watch students have fun
B to make his school more beautiful
C. to stop swallowtails from disappearing
D. to help kids learn about swallowtails
C
When the famous scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years old, he imagined himself riding alongside a beam (束) of light. He used this picture in mind to help him when working out the “theory of relativity(相对论)”. “Imagination is more important than knowledge,” said Einstein.
Daydreaming, called “thought experiments” by Einstein, can make you have wild imaginings, like flying around in space. It lets your mind walk slowly around ideas, memories and experiences that aren’t happening right now. It means thinking ahead to a holiday or remembering how much you enjoyed a birthday party. According to China’s health authorities(权威机构), daydreaming for a while each day can improve your health and creativity.
Disappearing into a daydream lets your mind escape when things are difficult. It helps you deal with worries and fears. For example, imagining how you’re going to speak up in class is like practicing the scene in your head, which can make you feel calmer. Daydreaming also inspires creativity and lets you find new worlds where there are no limits (限制) to what you can do or who you are. Guo Qiang, an expert in thoughts and feelings, thinks we should all make time to daydream. “Thinking for pleasure can be a powerful tool to shape our feelings,” he said.
However, try not to let your mind be absent when you need to focus (聚焦) in class or cross the road. Instead, find a time when you don’t have to focus on anything, like going for a walk or brushing your teeth. Guo suggests you can start by focusing on a happy memory or imagining a future success, like scoring a goal in the World Cup.
To encourage creativity, think about interesting ideas and see where your mind takes you. Research shows that people often come up with more solutions to problems after they’ve taken a break. So next time you’re stuck with homework, stop for a moment and see where your daydreams take you.
42. Daydreaming can make people _________.
A. fly around B. walk slowly
C. think freely D. be absent-minded
43. Guo Qiang first suggests _________.
A. escaping from the hard time B. looking for new worlds
C. finding time to imagine D. focusing on success
44. What is mentioned in paragraph 4
A. The steps to daydream.
B. The things to daydream of.
C. The reasons for daydreaming.
D. The meanings of daydreaming.
【限时训练】
宜昌市
A
Come and buy books at our great sale! Here is the information about some new books. You will get 50% off if you buy three or more books together.
Chinese Clothing(￥50)
It’s written by Hua Mei, a professor of a university. It’s about typical Chinese clothing styles in different historical periods. From the book, readers can know traditional Chinese customs have made a big difference in clothing culture.
A Little Bit of Beijing ( 60)
The writers are Li Han and Hu Yan. The book is about the beautiful buildings in Beijing. It’s a great gift for kids who love picture books with colorful houses, cars and flowers.
The Brightest from the Best( 40)
The writers are Hong and Zhang Xiaolong. The book tells us some stories about choices and growth. It records the real lives of eleven young people. They graduated from top universities and went to serve the people in the poor areas in China.
Stories of China( 30)
It’s written in both English and Chinese. All the writers are from China and UK. The folk stories in this book help readers understand Chinese history and culture better.
26. Who wrote Chinese Clothing according to the passage
A. Hua Mei. B. Hu Yan.
C. Li Han. D. Wang Hong.
27. Which book is the best gift for kids who like colorful pictures
A. Stories of China. B. Chinese Clothing.
C. A Little Bit of Beijing. D. The Brightest from the Best.
28. What is The Brightest from the Best about
A. The history of clothes. B. The folk stories of China.
C. The beauty of Beijing. D. The real stories of young people.
B
Zhi Nong was born in a small town in Yunnan Province. When he was young, he moved to Kunming with his mother. Feeling like a caged (笼中的) bird in big city, he was bored with the busy and noisy city life and looked forward to nature.
His chance soon came. In 1983, he helped shoot a documentary about birds. That experience led him to learn photography and take photos of flying birds.
In the 1980s, the Internet was not that popular in China and cameras were expensive. He managed to borrow a camera and threw himself into studying how to use it. During that time, the library became his favorite place where he first read some magazines about nature. It opened a door for him to connect with nature.
In 1992, a research program was organized to protect a type of unusual monkeys which only live in China. Usually the home of these monkeys has half-a-year-long winters. It created great challenges for Zhi Nong’s work, but he never drew back. “I didn’t see the monkeys in the wild until I went into the mountains the third time,” said Zhi Nong. He went into the snow mountains six times just to get valuable photographs of the monkeys.
Three years later, his works won international prizes. People around the world began to pay attention to the protection of wild animals in China. And he is the first Chinese winner of the world Wildlife Photographer of the Year.
In order to call up tons of people to protect wildlife with cameras, he started “China Wildlife Photography Training Camp”. He hopes that more young people will join in for the nature protection.
32. Which is the right order of Zhi Nong’s experience
a. He won some prizes in the world.
b. He joined in shooting a documentary.
c. He took some pictures of monkeys.
d. He set up a camp to train photographers.
A a-b-c-d B. b-c-a-d C. c-a-d-b D. d-a-b-c
襄阳市
A
Willow Branches(柳枝) at the Olympics Closing Ceremony Comments(评论) Chosen from Weibo
In ancient China, when relatives or friends said goodbye, people often broke willow branches down and gave them to those who would leave, and hoped they would come back. In Chinese, “willow” has the similar pronunciation to a Chinese word “留”, which means asking a person to stay. It’s not “goodbye” but “see you again soon”. At Beijing Winter Olympics Closing Ceremony, the whole world enjoyed an amazing performance. The performers perfectly acted with the LED floor to show the picture of willow branches. It showed the strong feelings of a sad but sweet goodbye. 365 people holding willow branches were in the center of the Bird’s Nest, showing the missing of 365 days. It fully showed the theme of “One World, One World”.
21. From the passage, the travelling people in ancient China would get _______ as a gift.
A. hugs B. willow branches
C. flowers D. red lanterns
22. According to the comments, lots of people think the performance is _______.
A. common B. moving C. convenient D. lively
23. Which of the following isn’t mentioned in the passage
A. When the performers were trained.
B. Where the closing ceremony was held.
C. What the performance wanted to show us.
D. How Chinese showed their feelings at the closing ceremony.
B
A famous person once said, “We live much happier lives when we are generous(慷慨的) in as many ways as possible.”
I love persimmons(柿子). A few years ago, ready to fly from San Francisco to Boston, I packed two persimmons, one of which I ate in the waiting room. A lady asked me from which store in the airport the fruit was bought. She looked a bit disappointed hearing that it couldn’t be bought from any store in this airport. I thought to myself, “I can give the second persimmon away.” When I offered her the fruit, at first she refused, but when I insisted (坚持), she became glad and accepted. I felt happy to make someone else happy, and I thought it was the end of the story.
Sometime during the flight, the lady met me in the aisle(过道) and thanked me again. She shared that she had grown up in Russia, where there was a persimmon tree in the yard of her childhood home. She now lived in Boston, where she hadn’t been able to find the fruit. The taste of the persimmon was valuable to her, reconnecting her with memories of her family.
Only then did the tiny act make a difference to me. As a famous saying goes “___24___” The taste of the persimmon that I offered to the lady gives me more joy than all the ones I have eaten.
24. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The persimmons are very expensive.
B. The persimmons can be bought everywhere.
C. The lady can hardly find persimmons in Boston.
D. The lady knew where to buy persimmons at the airport.
25. The lady thanked the writer twice because ________.
A. the persimmon was very delicious
B. she could eat a persimmon for free
C. the persimmon reminded her of her childhood memories
D. she wanted to have a talk with the writer about her family
C
When Yang Fan was taking a walk around the Yuliang Island, she saw a black swan(天鹅) in the grass. Yang Fan knew that swans could be fierce(凶猛的). But as she got close to this one, it didn’t move.
She was sure that the swan needed help. So Yang covered the bird’s head with her jacket to keep its cool, picked it up carefully, and held it in her arms. She decided to send it to the Animal Care Center, but the center was across the Han River, far from the park. She didn’t know how to carry the swan there. Luckily, some strangers driving by gave her and the swan a lift to a nearby bus stop.
On the bus, no one seemed surprised by “the unusual passenger”. Instead they were worried. Someone helped Yang Fan call the center on the way. And Li Tao, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the bus stop and drove them to the center. There, the animal doctors found that the swan was poisoned, caused by eating something used to kill mice. The swan was well looked after at the center. She even made a friend—a little dog. Thanks to people’s love and care, luckily, she was cured(治愈) two months later.
“It’s a moving story. Yang Fan travelled about two hours and it was really a long way.” Says Li Tao. “And all the strangers wanted to give her and the swan a hand.” He adds, “I am happy to see that more and more people have realized the importance of protecting the wild life since Xiangyang began to build the civilized(文明) city.”
27. Which is the correct order of the things that happened to the swan
①She was found by Yang Fan.
②She ate something wrong.
③She was cured.
④She made friends with a dog.
⑤She was sent to the Animal Care Center.
A. ①②⑤③④ B. ①⑤②④③
C. ②①⑤④③ D. ⑤②①③④
孝感市
（1）
New Ways to Raise Money
Live-streams(网上直播) of animals Shanghai Wildlife Park live-streams every morning to show how the animals live. Thousands of people watch pandas eating bamboo. So far, the zoo has nearly 3. 5 million fans. Online adoption(领养) Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo gets help from online adoption. It’s a new way for more people to care about animals. About 150 animals have been adopted(捐助).
Make cultural and creative products Beijing Zoo has brought out ice creams in the shape of elephants, giraffes and pandas. It also makes stuffed (填充) toys with the image of tigers. Create animal stars Nantong Forest Safari Park made a monkey named Kai Sa become a start. Thousands of Kai Sas fans have bought the zoo’s annual membership cards(年卡) and visit it every weekend
26. How does Shanghai Wildlife Park raise money
A. By online adoption B. By creating animal stars.
C. By live-streaming animals. D. By making cultural and creative products.
27. How many animals in Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo have been adopted
A. Over 350. B. About 150.
C. Almost 1000. D. Nearly 3. 5 million.
28. ________ makes stuffed toys with the image of tigers.
A. Shanghai Wildlife Park B. Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo
C. Beijing Zoo D. Nantong Forest Safari Park
（2）
A photo of a boy carrying his tennis rackets in a bamboo basket becomes popular online.
The boy, Wang Fa, 14, is a member of the Va (佤族) from Yunnan. After he won the under-14-title(十四岁以下男单冠军）at the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour in Guangzhou, an audience (观众) from Yunnan gave him the bamboo basket as a gift and the photo was taken.
“We always carry bamboo baskets when we work in the field. This is a typical(有代表性的）farming tool of the Va. I carried my rackets in this basket to honor my hometown.” Wang said.
Before playing tennis, Wang was just a village boy. But in 2016, he was chosen by a local club as a professional tennis player. “I was nervous at the beginning because the outside world was so different from my home. Tennis has helped me make more friends and get a better education.” he said.
Over the past six years, Wang has trained hard to improve his skills at the Yunnan Wild Elephants Tennis Club. He would get up at 6:30 a. m. and practice for more than six hours a day. He needed to swing a racket (挥拍) more than 7,000 times and run 9 kilometers every day.
“If it were not for tennis, I would still be helping my family with farm work at home.” Wang said.
Wang’s parents didn’t want him to learn tennis at first because they couldn’t afford it. Luckily, the tennis club offered to teach him for free.
For Wang, winning the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour title was the beginning of the future with hope, “I will try my best to get to the top on the professional stage.” he said.
30. What did Wang Fa get from an audience from Yunnan
A. Tennis rackets. B. The first prize.
C. A photo. D. A bamboo basket.
33. Who paid for Wang Fa to learn tennis
A. A tennis club. B. Wang’s parents.
C. Wang’s school. D. An audience from Yunnan.
（3）
When was it that something made you stop, take a good look and get lost in thought For me, it was last Sunday. My friend invited me to a European art exhibition in Shanghai.
To be honest, I’m not interested in art paintings at all. I know very little about European art. So, at first, I refused to go to the exhibition. But finally I became excited to see the artworks of the famous artists like Monet(莫奈) and Van Gogh(梵高). The exhibition included 52 artworks. It was really a different experience to see them face to face.
My friend was happy to see so many different painting styles in one place. The visit made her remember the trip to Paris several years ago. She told me that art could be found in every corner of the city.
Most of the visitors, I thought, had limited(有限的) knowledge about art, too. They were just busy taking pictures, and then showed everyone on WeChat that they had been there. Under the influence of my friend, who is an art lover, I began to look at the paintings carefully. One painting that moved me most was Van Gogh’s Long Grass With Butterflies. Those things such as grass, butterflies were quite common in my life. However, I had never thought they were worth attention. I had usually followed the crowd to see what was “special”. Actually, we should pay more attention to the “common” things around us.
Sometimes we are supposed to have a careful look, think for a while, then we will find the beauty in our life.
35. Where was the exhibition held
A. Shanghai. B. Europe.
C. Paris. D. Not mentioned.
37. Which is the right order about the writer according to the passage
①I refused to go to the art exhibition.
② I went to see the exhibition with my friend.
③ I was invited to the exhibition.
④ I was moved by Long Grass With Butterfly.
A. ④③②① B. ④②①③
C. ③①②④ D. ③④②①
38. What can we know from the passage
A. The writer used to show great interest in art paintings.
B. This exhibition included 52 artworks of different styles.
C. Monet’s Long Grass With Butterfly was very special in fact.
D. All the visitors enjoyed taking photos and showing them on WeChat.
参考答案：
2019武汉真题：CCB BDDC DBAC
2020武汉真题：BCD BD B
2021武汉真题：CA D D
2022武汉真题: DDC AD D
2023武汉真题：DA DD CCB
限时训练：
宜昌市：ACD B
襄阳市：BBA CC C
孝感市：CBC DA ACB
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题一 阅读理解——细节理解题
阅读理解部分中的细节理解题，旨在考查学生对文章细节处的理解及运用。
细节理解题通常针对文中的某个句子，从人物动作、思想感情、观点、事件的起因、发展、过程和结果等方面来命题，并且通常题的顺序和文章的段落顺序是匹配的，考生可以根据这一点准确定位，寻找答案。
分析2019-2023年近五年湖北省武汉中考阅读理解题型考向分布。
年份 体裁 题目类型考察频次
细节理解 推理判断 词句猜测 主旨大意 标题归纳
2023 说明文 2 2 1
记叙文 2 1 1 1
记叙文 3 1 1
2022 说明文 3 1 1
记叙文 2 1 1 1
记叙文 1 3 1
2021 说明文 2 2 1 1
记叙文 1 2 1 1
记叙文 1 2
2020
应用文 3 1 1
记叙文 2 1 1 1
记叙文 1 3 1
2019
应用文 3 2
记叙文 4 1
记叙文 4 1
一、类别
1.直接信息题：
数据处理题、同义转换题
2、间接信息题：
是非题、排序题
二、解题方法：寻读法
三、解题步骤：1.阅读题干，抓关键词
2.定位原文
3.分析选项
1.题型特点
这类题在阅读理解中所占比例较大。它常常针对文章中的事实和细节进行提问,用when,where,why,how,who,which,what等进行提问,目的在于测试学生对说明文章中心思想的支撑事实和细节的理解能力。
2.细节理解题主要的设问方式
①Which of the following is true/not true
②Which of the following is mentioned/not mentioned in the passage
③Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.
④Which of the following best describes...
⑤Which of the following shows/gives the right relationship/position of...
⑥When/Where/Why/Who/What/How...
3.细节理解题的解题技巧
所谓“事实细节”,是指在阅读理解的短文中客观存在的事实。细节理解题的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。一般来说,应在短文中找出相关信息的位置,确定试题测试的考点。当然,有的试题还得对原文所提供的事实进行一定的分析比较,才能做出正确的选择。
(1)查读法(scanning)
查读是在读者对材料有所了解的情况下进行的。查读的特点是带着问题寻找答案。
①用略读的方法通读阅读材料,对原文有一个大概的了解,掌握其主旨。
②按文章的体裁,如按记叙文、说明文和议论文等及作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词,如for example,first,second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
③把主要精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读,眼睛自左至右,自上而下呈Z形扫视,直至找到你所需要的部分。待找到你所需要的部分时,可放慢速度,细读要查找的内容。
(2)原文定位法
根据题干中的关键词,找准相关句、段的内容,再仔细对照,不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除,反之,则是正确选项。
①是非判断题。这类题的选项有两种形式:四项中有三对一错或三错一对。四项内容通常是对同一问题进行判断或对不同问题进行判断。不管什么形式、什么内容,通常都用原文定位法,把选项内容与原文内容进行对比分析,判断是否符合相关句的意义或在原文中提到过,然后进行排除解答。
②关于对年代和数字的考查通常分两类:直接考查和计算考查。对前者,根据文中信息能很容易地确定答案;对后者,首先要弄清题干问的是什么,然后找到与它相关的年代和数字,对它们进一步分析、整合,最后,结合题干计算出正确答案。
③对于最后一种常见题型,有两种考查形式:考查直接信息和对直接信息的理解。对直接信息的考查只需找到原文信息就能解决问题。后者则需对原文相关信息做正确理解,这个理解可能牵扯到对某一句话或某些句子的理解,考生在理解其意义时,一定要捕捉到关键性的词。对这类题要认真、周全地考虑方能选取正确答案。这种题的正确选项往往是原文意义的不同表现形式。
(3)首尾定位法
做排序题可采用“首尾定位法”。即先找出最先发生的事和最后发生的事,迅速缩小选择范围,从而快速选出正确答案。
(4)排除法
利用排除法时,考生要注意的是有时在两个难以抉择的选项之间一定要通过文章的整体意思来作出判断。
(5)按“文”索“图”法
做选图题时,可采用按“文”索“图”法。即从文中找出描绘图形的句段,按“文”索“图”。
解题步骤：
拓展：
题眼通常为：
名词：人名、地名、书名、专有名词和普通名词；
数词（短语）：时间、日期
谓语动词
做题小技巧：
1.若针对特殊标点符号,举例子,名人名言出题,只需要阅读符号，例子,名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。
2.在出现一些关键词，如however、but、moreover、therefore、 thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。
3.细节题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换项
4.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：must, never, the most, all, merely, only, have to, any, no, completely, none,等。但不是绝对，也有例外。
5.注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如： must, may, often, should, usually, might, most, more or less, likely, all, never，few 等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，往往被忽视。
6.细节题干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同；叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及.
【真题在线】
2019年武汉中考真题
A
【解析】
【分析】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述《纽约时报》的探索之旅中的两本书，包括书籍名称、内容、店铺、价格以及出版社。
31. The material above is mainly about .
A. The New YorkTimes B. “36 Hours” guides
C. an introduction to “Explorer” D. prices of the new books
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据Introducing “Explorer”以及The New York Times “Explorer” series可知，以上的材料是关于探险家的介绍，故选C。
32. The two books cover subjects.
A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一本书中的Beaches, Islands & Coasts以及第二本书中的Mountains, Deserts &Plains可知，这两本书包含了6个主题，故选C。
34. What can we learn about the books from the material
A. They are very expensive.
B. They are well designed and made.
C. They are sold by a team of writers.
D. One of them is about ‘Beaches’, ‘Islands’and ‘Deserts’.
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据ONLY ＄39.99“仅仅39.99美元”可知，它们不贵，排除A；根据/store可知，书在网上卖，而不是被作家团队卖，排除C；根据根据第一本书中的Beaches, Islands & Coasts以及第二本书中的Mountains, Deserts &Plains可知，排除D；根据Hardcover, clothbound, with ribbon bookmark“精装书、布面装订、丝带书签”可知，这两本书设计和制作都很精美，故选B。
B
You don’ t have to be a scientist to solve big environmental problems. One Dutch designer is finding creative ways to make a change—and he’s inviting bikers to join him.
Daan Roosgaarde, 38, is a designer from Holland. He uses creative ideas to improve city life. For his Smog (雾霾) Free Project, he designed a special tower that cleans air in Chinese parks. In
Holland, he designed a shining bicycle path.
Now Daan and his team are working with engineers at Chinese bike-sharing company to create a new product for public use. It’s an air-cleaning machine connected to a bicycle and is part of the Smog Free Project. In smoggy weather, the machine would breathe in the air in front of the bike and blow out a stream of clean air toward the biker’s face.
It’s no secret that air pollution is a big problem for China. In winter, it’s common for thick clouds of haze (霾), caused largely by factory production, burning of coal and car emissions (排放物), to cover areas of China.
In 2016, only one-fourth of Chinese cities met the country’s air quality standards, according to a survey of 338 cities nationwide from the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
“Of course one tower and a few bikes won’t solve China’s air pollution problem,” Daan said, “But smog-free bikes are an exciting idea that will hopefully inspire communities to create greener cities.”
【解析】
【分析】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述一个荷兰的设计师设计了一款塔楼和带有空气净化器的自行车，能有效改善雾霾天城市的空气质量，以此想法来激发更多有关环保的创意。
36. According to the writer, _ .
A. air pollution is not a big problem in China
B. creative ideas may help improve city life
C. only scientists can solve big environmental problems
D. the survey of 338 cities nationwide was not necessary
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据It’s no secret that air pollution is a big problem for China可知，空气污染是中国的大问题，排除A；根据You don’ t have to be a scientist to solve big environmental problems可知，你不必成为一个科学家来解决环境问题，排除C；根据In 2016, only one-fourth of Chinese cities met the country’s air quality standards, according to a survey of 338 cities nationwide from the Ministry of Environmental Protection可知，全国338个城市的调查是有必要的，排除D；根据He uses creative ideas to improve city life可知，创造性的主意可以改善城市生活，故选B。
37. The air-cleaning machine offers clean air to the biker by .
A. blowing out dirty air
B. running fast with the bike
C. cleaning the air around the biker
D. breathing in dirty air and cleaning it
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据In smoggy weather, the machine would breathe in the air in front of the bike and blow out a stream of clean air toward the biker’s face可知，在烟雾弥漫的天气里，机器会吸入自行车前的空气，向骑车者的脸上吹出一股清新的空气，故选D。
38. From the passage, we know that .
A. people who have creative ideas can get free bikes
B. only smog-free bikes can go on the shining bicycle path
C. Daan and his family spent all their time improving China’s air quality
D. China’s haze in winter happens because of more than three causes
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据In winter, it’s common for thick clouds of haze (霾), caused largely by factory production, burning of coal and car emissions (排放物), to cover areas of China.可知，主要由于工厂生产、烧煤以及汽车排放物造成的，不仅限于三个主要原因，故选D。
39. Daan is inviting bikers to join him in order to .
A. raise money for the tower
B. test his new machine
C. help solve the air pollution problem
D. make more Chinese friends
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据You don’ t have to be a scientist to solve big environmental problems. One Dutch designer is finding creative ways to make a change—and he’s inviting bikers to join him可知，你不必成为一名科学家来解决重大的环境问题。一位荷兰设计师正在寻找一种创造性的方式来改变现状，他邀请自行车爱好者加入他的行列。所以是为了帮助解决空气污染问题，故选C。
C
Don’t Judge a Book by Its Cover
Ever since I was a little girl, I’ve loved reading crime and detective (侦探) novels, so I guess it was pretty normal that I started writing them when I was older. However, my family is very big on having a traditional career (职业) and so when I said that I wanted to go to college and study writing, my parents told me that I couldn’t. They told me that I had to study for a degree so that I would achieve a career, and not something as risky as writing. I suppose I could have studied journalism (新闻) ,but I didn’t want to lose interest in writing because it would be something I would do every day for work, not for pleasure. I thought that teaching looked like a pretty good compromise (妥协 ) , especially because of the long holidays. It was a good choice: by the time I was twenty-five，I’d already finished two novels and had an agent.To be honest, I never meant to keep my being a crime writer a secret or anything, and my friends have always known. One of the reasons most people don’t know is because my agent told me that my name Hazel sounded too much like a romance (浪漫) novelist for older women. She suggested Brooke Lane and I thought, “Well, if you think it’ll make me successful, okay,” I’d totally forgotten about it until I walked into school one day and saw one of my workmates reading my novel. I asked her some questions about it, and it was so clear that she had no idea that I’d written it - she even offered to lend it to me after she’d finished! Of course, sometimes I wonder what my students would think if they knew that their teacher was going home on the weekend to write about murders and dead bodies, but I think my parents probably did me a favor: my teaching job keeps me in touch with the real world.
【解析】
【分析】本片文章难度适中，主要讲述我小的时候励志成为一名作家，但是父母让我从事传统的行业。后来我成为了一名教师，在空闲时间写小说。后来在经纪人的建议下，我改了名字，人们都不知道这个小说是我写的。但是后来作者感谢父母对他的帮助，教师的工作能让他接触现实世界。
41. Hazel is probably ．
A. an agent B. a journalist
C. a teacher and artist D. a teacher and writer
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据I thought that teaching looked like a pretty good compromise (妥协 ) , especially because of the long holidays以及I’d already finished two novels .可知，我既是一名教师又是一个作家，故选D。
43. It’s clear that Hazel .
A. agreed to study journalism for a degree
B. accepted Brooke Lane as her pen name
C. would like to write something for teaching
D. told her workmates about her writing novels
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据I suppose I could have studied journalism (新闻) ,but I didn’t want to lose interest in writing because it would be something I would do every day for work, not for pleasure可知，她认为学习新闻学后，她每天都要工作，没有乐趣，所以她不想学新闻，排除A；根据Of course, sometimes I wonder what my students would think if they knew that their teacher was going home on the weekend to write about murders and dead bodies可知，她写的是谋杀和尸体，所以可推断出她不想写与教学有关的内容，排除C；根据I’d totally forgotten about it until I walked into school one day and saw one of my workmates reading my novel. I asked her some questions about it, and it was so clear that she had no idea that I’d written it - she even offered to lend it to me after she’d finished可知，我的同事提出来，当她读完这本小说后，要将这本书借给我看，所以推断出她没有告诉她的同事他写小说，排除D；根据She suggested Brooke Lane and I thought, “Well, if you think it’ll make me successful, okay,”可知，她接受了布鲁克莱恩这个笔名，故选B。
44. Hazel finally realized that her parents’ advice on her career was .
A. helpful B. exciting C. disappointing D. risky
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据but I think my parents probably did me a favor: my teaching job keeps me in touch with the real world可知，她认为她的父母帮了他一个忙，所以她的父母对她的职业生涯有帮助，故选A。
45. We can infer from the passage that .
A. Hazel likes showing off in public
B. Hazel’s students all want to write novels
C. Hazel’s agent has played a role in her success
D. older women prefer the name Brooke to Hazel
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据She suggested Brooke Lane and I thought, “Well, if you think it’ll make me successful, okay,”以及全文可知，我经纪人让我改名字，后来我获得了很大的成功，所以她的经纪人在她的成功的事业上起着重大的作用。故选C。
2020年武汉中考真题
A
July 21 2020 ABC English EDUCATION Students taught to love parents A middle school in Wuhan has stood out among other schools in students' love and care for their parents. The students are asked to spend at least one hour doing housework for their parents or giving some help in the neighborhood every Sunday, MOTHER's Day and parents' birthdays. The school aims (旨在) at turning the students into well-mannered children. The students, mostly from one-child families, were taught to be a good child under strict rules. For example, they are now used to saying good-bye to parents in the morning before they go to school. And no one forgets to say hello to the parents when they return from school. The parents are pleased to find their children can help them with some housework such as making beds, washing and cooking. From Wuhan Post
【解析】
【分析】这篇短文是来自《武汉晨报》一篇报道，内容是武汉一所中学要求学生每周日、母亲节和父母生日的时候，至少花一个小时为父母做家务或者在社区帮忙。学校的目标是把学生变为有礼貌的好孩子。
31. The news "Students taught to love parents" was first reported in _______.
A. ABC English B. Wuhan Post
C. Parent Daily D. School News
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文的最后“From Wuhan Post”可知，这篇短文是来自《武汉晨报》的一篇报道，所以是武汉晨报最先报道了这件事。故选B。
32. In which part of the newspaper can we read the news
A. CULTURE. B. FAMILY.
C. EDUCATION. D. HISTORY.
【32题详解】
细节理解题。A“文化”；B“家庭”；C“教育”；D“历史”。根据短文开头“EDUCATION”以及文章的内容可知，这篇报道涉及对学生的教育问题，因此应该是在报纸的“教育”版面看到这样的文章。故选C。
33. Who started the project
A. The parents. B. The newspapers.
C. The neighborhood. D. The school.
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据短文开头“A middle school in Wuhan has stood out among other schools in students' love and care for their parents.”可知，是武汉的一所中学在学生对父母的关爱方面从其他学校中脱颖而出，是这个学校开始了这个项目。故选D。
B
Hope Matters
Reyes Guana, 42, grew up in a poor Mexican family. He has seven brothers and sisters. His parents always had two jobs to make ends meet.
As a boy, Guana had a good relationship with the school cleaner. He called her "Nike" because she wore Nike shoes. The boy liked how Nike made everything clean. He told her he wanted to be a cleaner, too. "Well, it's good if you want to be a cleaner," Nike told little Guana. "But make sure you go to college."
Guana also looked up to the principal (校长) of his school. The school leader told the boy that his job was to help students and teachers. "Wow, when I grow up, I want to do what you're doing," Guana told him. "Well, if you stick to your dream, you will," the principal replied.
And Guana really got there. But it was quite a long journey for him. Twenty-three years ago, he followed in Nike's footsteps and was cleaning schools. He worked at three schools to pay for his college education. He held that job for four years and then worked his way up to being a school safety monitor. After that, he worked as a teacher for a few years.
Now, as a principal, Guana never forgets where he came from. He helps students from poor families and shows respect (尊重) for every school staff member. He always invites everyone to school parties, including those who clean the floors and those who drive the school buses.
【解析】
【分析】本文讲述了来自贫困家庭的Guana通过自己坚持不懈的努力，以及不怕苦不怕累的精神，一步一步实现自己的梦想，他成功后并没有忘本，继续帮助贫困家庭的学生，并尊重学校里的每一位员工。
36. Guana hoped to be a cleaner because he ______.
A. was good at cleaning B. admired the cleaner "Nike" a lot
C needed to support his poor family D. had to pay for his college education
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据The boy liked how Nike made everything clean. He told her he wanted to be a cleaner, too，可知，Guana羡慕Nike可以把每样事物打扫得很干净，所以他也想成为一名清洁工。故选B。
37. Guana became a school safety monitor ______.
A. when he was nineteen B. after he worked as a teacher
C. as soon as he got enough money D. before he was named principal
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据then worked his way up to being a school safety monitor. After that, he worked as a teacher for a few years. Now, as a principal…可知，他先是努力成为一名学校安全监察员，然后做了四年的教师，现在是一名校长，由此可知，他成为安全监察员是在被任命为校长之前。故选D。
C
When people discover that I work as a film and TV extra (临时演员), they always ask me the same questions: Emily, is it easy to get work Isn't it boring Do you get to meet famous actors Does it pay well My answers are pretty standard as well: Yes, sometimes, once in a while, and… kind of. The life of an extra is both more interesting and more boring than you might imagine.
Extras, who play the people in crowds, on streets, or in the background of indoors scenes, can come from all walks of life. Unlike many extras, I'm a trained actor. I do get real speaking roles, but work can be hard to come by if you're not a popular star. I'm registered (注册) with an agency that deals only with extras, so I get calls all the time. The agency explains who I'll be someone in a crowd, a member of a jury, a clerk and tells me where to go. Call time is usually bright and early, so I try to get to bed at a reasonable hour.
Sometimes being an extra is a "hurry up and wait" job. In my first extra role, I was one of a group of office workers who come out of a building just as a car explodes (爆炸) in the street. We waited for hours for the scene to be shot, and then went in and out of the building about fifty times, trying to act terrified by an explosion which was not real. Then we had lunch, changed clothes, and spent the afternoons as customers in a department store.
It may sound like I don’t enjoy the work, but I do. Being part of the background in a convincing (令人信服的) way is challenging, and being on a film or TV set is always fascinating. A lot of famous actors don't even notice the extras, but the ones who do make the job a lot of fun for everyone. As for the money, it's nothing compared to what the big actors make, but it pretty much pays the bills. And, as a bonus, I've beaten my high scores on all my phone games, thanks to all the time I spend sitting around, waiting for something to happen.
【解析】
【分析】文章大意：本文作者Emily讲述了自己做临时演员的一些真实情况及感悟。
42. What does Emily think of her job
A. Busy. B. Enjoyable. C. Fashionable. D. Easy.
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据The life of an extra is both more interesting and more boring than you might imagine.以及It may sound like I don’ t enjoy the work, but I do.可知，Emily觉得她的工作很有趣，她很喜欢，故答案选B。
2021年武汉中考真题
A
TECH& LIFE MEMORY HELPER A talented young team from Ireland, the creators of Memory Helper, developed this support app (应用软件) for people with dementia (痴呆). And they won the final at the 2020 competition, standing out among 5,400 students from 62 countries, Mars Times reported. Last year, Laura, Aaron and Vicky put their heads together for Technovation Kids(TK), an international competition that encourages teenagers to create an app that solves a community problem. The inspiration for their project came from their teacher's mother, who had dementia and died earlier this year. To complete their project, the three designed an app to support both people with dementia and their caregivers. The app solves some common problems connected with dementia like loss(失去) of memory. “We hope that our app can reach millions of people who have dementia and just make their lives kind of easier, ” Laura said.
【解析】
【分析】本文介绍了一款应用软件——Memory Helper，它可以帮助痴呆患者，使他们的生活更容易。
31. The app Memory Helper ________.
A. is used worldwide B. is designed for the old
C. helps deal with dementia D. connects people's brains
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A talented young team from Ireland, the creators of Memory Helper, developed this support app (应用软件) for people with dementia (痴呆).”可知Memory Helper为了痴呆的人开发的软件。故选C。
32. Where was the idea of creating Memory Helper from
A. The illness of a woman B. The advice of some students.
C. A scientific problem D. An international competition
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The inspiration for their project came from their teacher's mother, who had dementia and died earlier this year.”可知项目的灵感来自他们老师的母亲。故选A。
B
When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there.
One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals and other projects began to be built in my village, “Who are they ” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied.
Shortly afterwards, I moved to another city for my junior high school. The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother.
One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised because everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard so villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it. When we arrived home, my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples. She told us that after the water conservation project (水利工程) was completed, a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river.
Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside.
Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we are from.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍作者家乡过去和现在的变化，多亏水利工程和政府扶持政策，让作者的村里得到了很大的发展。
36. What troubled the villagers most was that ________.
A. they had too much work B. it was not convenient to go up the hill
C. they could only grow fruit trees D. there wasn’t enough water in the orchard
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there.”可知，水果的生产水平仍然很低，因为那里缺水。故选D。
C
Think of somebody you really admire. You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily. As “Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”, Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to reduce world hunger and helping to feed the country with the largest population.
Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary Surgery(肝胆外科)”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years. He performed more than 16,000 operations during his life. Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time deformed his fingers. Wu once said, “It would my greatest happiness if I could work at the operating table until my dying day.”
In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria(疟疾), Tu Youyou, pharmacologist (药学家) took on the job as head of a research team. She and her teammates performed different kinds of experiments. However, the results were disappointing. Instead of giving up, they kept trying. Finally, in 1972, they made it! In 2015, at the age of 85, she received Nobel Prize.
Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb believed that every failure was a step towards success. He once said, “If I find 10,000 ways something won’t work, I haven’t failed. I am not discouraged, because every wrong try is another step forward.”
Sometimes, their success was a surprise, even to themselves. The famous scientist Alexander Fleming said, “When I woke up just after daybreak on 28th September, 1928, I certainly didn’t plan to revolutionize(变革) all medicine by discovering the world’s first antibiotic(抗生素). But I guess that was exactly what I did.”
Some people only became successful after their deaths. Not like Pablo Picasso who became famous and very rich during his lifetime, the artist Vincent Van Gogh only sold one painting all through his life and that was to a friend. But he kept painting and he painted more than 2,000 artworks in the following ten years. Now his paintings are very popular and they sell for millions of pounds.
One thing all these people have in common is sticking to their goals no matter what.
【解析】
【分析】本文主要介绍伟人事迹，告诉我们伟大的成就不是天生的，所有这些伟人的共同点就是无论发生什么都坚持自己的目标。
44. When Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, he ________.
A. felt too tired to stay awake B. didn’t plan to study all medicine
C. knew exactly what his success meant D. didn’t fully realize its importance
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I certainly didn’t plan to revolutionize all medicine by discovering the world’s first antibiotic”可知，Alexander Fleming没有认识到他发现的世界上第一种抗生素重要到可以给所有医药带来改变，也就是没有意识到抗生素的重要性。故选D。
2022年武汉中考真题
A
Big Issue Produced by Pupils Big Issue has launched (发行) a special 24-page edition (版本) created by school children recently. Big Issue is a weekly magazine launched in 1991 to help homeless people. Pupils in 13 schools across the country have started selling the special edition and will give the money they raise to charities. _________________ The Richardson Primary School has created a classroom in a train carriage (车厢), marking 300 years since it was opened. The SON EXPRESS carriage, which is no longer moving, includes a library, a place to eat, and another learning space. The carriage will help the school to teach STEM subjects (science, technology, engineering and math). Students describe it as “magical”. Celebrating the Daily Mile On 28 April, the Daily Mile had its 10th birthday. It’s a global (全球的) movement designed to get children exercising every day. To mark the event, more than 320,000 students from 1,340 schools around the world completed a mile. One kid said, “Running a mile every day with my friends builds up my fitness.”
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了杂志“Big Issue”、“火车车厢里的教室”及“每日一公里活动”。
32. It’s clear that the special edition of Big Issue ________.
A. is over 30 years old B. is created by children from 13 schools
C. is launched monthly D. is sold to raise money by pupils
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Pupils in 13 schools across the country have started selling the special edition and will give the money they raise to charities.”可知孩子们创办“Big Issue”的特刊来筹集资金。故选D。
34. The students describe the train carriage as “magical” mainly because ________.
A. the carriage isn’t moving B. there are three classrooms in it
C. they like STEM class D. they can read, eat and learn there
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The SON EXPRESS carriage, which is no longer moving, includes a library, a place to eat, and another learning space. The carriage will help the school to teach STEM subjects (science, technology, engineering and math). Students describe it as ‘magical’.”可知学生们形容火车车厢“神奇”，主要是因为他们可以在那里读书、吃饭和学习。故选D。
35. To celebrate the 10th Daily Mile, ________.
A. a global competition was held B. 320,000 students got together
C. many kids ran a mile that day D. 1,340 schools stopped lessons
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“To mark the event, more than 320,000 students from 1,340 schools around the world completed a mile.”可知为了庆祝第10届每日跑一英里活动，许多孩子在那天跑了一英里。故选C。
B
All through grade school, I got extra help with schoolwork. If I got a D, I was very happy. If I got a C-minus (C-), I had achieved greatness. A’s and B’s were a kingdom I could never enter.
Once my teacher, Miss Mills, had given me a list of ten spelling words. My mother and I went over the list until I knew those words. I felt great. I thought, “Wow! This time, I’m going to pass.” The next day, I went into the classroom and began to write down the words. The first word was carpet. I wrote that one down: c-a-r-p-e-t. I was feeling pretty confident. Then came neighbor-I wrote down the letter n. Then rhythm-I knew there was an r. Suburban-I wrote s-u-b. My confidence failed me. I had gone from 100 percent to maybe a D-minus. Where did the words go
Some people talk about information sliding off your brain. That was my life. I was an underachiever (未能充分发挥学习潜力者).
Now I know I have dyslexia (诵读困难症). A person with dyslexia might see the as teh, and bird as brid. My brain learns differently. A learning disability can really change the way you feel about yourself. Now I know that even if I learn differently, I can still be filled with greatness.
Today when I visit schools as an actor, director, and co-author of children’s books, I tell children that everyone has something special inside. It’s our job to find out what that is and get it out, and give it to the world as a gift.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者作为一个有诵读困难症的差等生的学习经历，作者明白即使以不同的方式学习，依旧可以充满伟大，他最终取得了成功。
36. What’s the writer’s problem in grade school
A. He had trouble spelling. B. He often got C-minuses.
C. He was absent-minded. D. He had a physical disability.
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中“The first word was carpet. I wrote that one down: c-a-r-p-e-t. I was feeling pretty confident. Then came neighbor-I wrote down the letter n. Then rhythm-I knew there was an r. Suburban-I wrote s-u-b.”可知，作者在小学拼写单词有困难。故选A。
39. After the writer knew he had dyslexia, he ________.
A. felt very excited B. had more difficulties in study
C. was filled with sadness D. changed his view of himself
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中“A learning disability can really change the way you feel about yourself. Now I know that even if I learn differently, I can still be filled with greatness.”可知，当作者知道自己有阅读障碍后，他改变了对自己的看法。故选D。
C
Boris, a foreign student at Communication University of China, often shares his experiences of Chinese culture on his vlog (视频博客).
In one video, for example, Boris shared how he had learned the Chinese word dongxi. He translated each part separately into “east west”. And he introduced one theory (说法) about how dongxi came to mean “things”. He told people that all marketplaces in ancient Chinese cities were set up along a single road that ran from east to west. So when you would say qu mai dongxi. you’d be saying, “I’m going to buy things.”
Some other videos show his reading Chinese poems and performing kung fu in Chinese traditional costume, which are quite welcome among his 40, 000 followers.
“Many of my followers are learning Chinese,” Boris said. “But sadly, they know little about Chinese culture and the country.”
Like many foreigners, Boris once believed that all Chinese could perform kung fu, flying onto roofs and walking over walls. He thought the country was not that developed. But after he got a scholarship (奖学金) to study in China in 2019, his view changed. “China has entered a new period, but many people’s impressions of China are still stuck in the1970s,” Boris said. “That’s why I started to shoot vlogs to share Chinese culture in 2019.”
Until now, Boris has posted more than 40 Chinese culture vlogs online. But making these vlogs is not easy. Take reading the poem Second Farewell to Cambridge by Xu Zhimo as an example.
“I can understand and read every word in the poem,” Boris said. “But to touch readers, I need to use proper feelings while reading.” So he needed to look for much background information and make his feelings suit each part of the poem.
Though shooting these vlogs takes lots of time, the young man feels proud that his vlogs have inspired many people. Boris said that he wanted to continue bridging the differences between two cultures. “This goal may not be achieved easily, but I will spare no efforts to do my part.”
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位外国学生Boris在博客上分享学习中国文化的经历，包括他学到的一些词语的来历，中国诗歌，表演中国功夫，他的视频激励了许多人，Boris想通过这个来继续弥合两种文化之间的差异。
41. Through the vlogs Boris mainly wants to ________.
A. teach foreigners Chinese B. introduce a Chinese university
C. sell Chinese products D. share his experiences in China
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Boris, a foreign student at Communication University of China, often shares his experiences of Chinese culture on his vlog”可知，通过博客想分享他在中国的经历，故选D。
2023年武汉中考真题
A
Dinosaur (恐龙) Prints Discovered A diner eating in a restaurant’s outdoor yard, in Sichuan Province, has discovered dinosaur footprints on the ground. After using a 3D scanner (扫描仪), scientists made sure that the footprints are 100 million years old. They belonged to two dinosaurs with long necks and tails.
________________ Marley and Bob say they became interested in archaeology (考古学) from studying history at school, going to museums and watching Human Histories! They also go to the Young Archaeologists’ Club and they do digs at archaeological sites (地点) and carefully research their finds. “You never know what you might discover, and it is a fascinating way to uncover old remains on a real dig. It makes me really happy,” says Bob.
Students Find Ancient Mural A group of student archaeologists have unearthed a 1,000-year-old mural (wall painting). The 30-meter mural shows mysterious scenes, which could reflect what the life was like in ancient Peru. Professor Luis says, “The discovery is the most exciting and important find of recent years.”
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了三个有关考古的新闻。
32. Those dinosaur prints were found ________.
A. through a scanner B. by scientists
C. millions of years ago D. during a meal
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A diner eating in a restaurant’s outdoor yard, in Sichuan Province, has discovered dinosaur footprints on the ground”可知四川省一家餐馆的户外院子里，一名食客在地上发现了恐龙脚印。故选D。
34. Professor Luis finds the mural very valuable mainly because ________.
A. it’s connected to ancient society B. it shows the birth of the mural
C. it’s the world’s earliest wall painting D. it has a very large size
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The 30-meter mural shows mysterious scenes, which could reflect what the life was like in ancient Peru”可知这幅30米长的壁画展示了神秘的场景，可以反映出古代秘鲁的生活，所以它非常有价值。故选A。
B
Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his “green” project. This public-spirited young person was now a university student. His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future.
_________. When he was around 4 or 5, he always loved to watch different insects, especially beautiful swallowtails(凤蝶). One interesting fact he learned about swallowtails was that their bright colors warned hungry animals that they tasted bad. And it was also fun to watch how they came into being. But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were very accessible. For example, if you wanted to attract (吸引) swallowtails, you planted some zinnias, a kind of bright flowers.
Bert started a zinnia garden at his house, where he raised a large number of swallowtails over the years. With the world’s swallowtail population falling, Bert wanted people to realize that if insects like swallowtails disappeared, so would all the others above them on the food chain. To make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students, he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school.
Part of the joy for Bert was watching the younger students get excited when running after swallowtails. “Whenever a swallowtail lands on them, the young students will soon fall in love with these cute insects. They develop a new appreciation for them,” he said.
Bert put his efforts into the environmental educational project and made it take flight.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了因为“绿色”项目而获得“青年英雄”奖项的男孩Bert热爱昆虫并保护它们的故事。
36. After Bert was honored with Young Heroes, _________.
A. he often gave speeches in public
B. he set up his “green” project
C. he became interested in swallowtails
D. he went on protecting insects
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his ‘green’ project…His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future”可知，获奖之后继续保护昆虫，故选D。
39. The main reason for Bert to create a zinnia garden at school was _________.
A. to watch students have fun
B to make his school more beautiful
C. to stop swallowtails from disappearing
D. to help kids learn about swallowtails
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“To make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students, he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school”可知，是为了帮助孩子了解凤蝶，故选D。
C
When the famous scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years old, he imagined himself riding alongside a beam (束) of light. He used this picture in mind to help him when working out the “theory of relativity(相对论)”. “Imagination is more important than knowledge,” said Einstein.
Daydreaming, called “thought experiments” by Einstein, can make you have wild imaginings, like flying around in space. It lets your mind walk slowly around ideas, memories and experiences that aren’t happening right now. It means thinking ahead to a holiday or remembering how much you enjoyed a birthday party. According to China’s health authorities(权威机构), daydreaming for a while each day can improve your health and creativity.
Disappearing into a daydream lets your mind escape when things are difficult. It helps you deal with worries and fears. For example, imagining how you’re going to speak up in class is like practicing the scene in your head, which can make you feel calmer. Daydreaming also inspires creativity and lets you find new worlds where there are no limits (限制) to what you can do or who you are. Guo Qiang, an expert in thoughts and feelings, thinks we should all make time to daydream. “Thinking for pleasure can be a powerful tool to shape our feelings,” he said.
However, try not to let your mind be absent when you need to focus (聚焦) in class or cross the road. Instead, find a time when you don’t have to focus on anything, like going for a walk or brushing your teeth. Guo suggests you can start by focusing on a happy memory or imagining a future success, like scoring a goal in the World Cup.
To encourage creativity, think about interesting ideas and see where your mind takes you. Research shows that people often come up with more solutions to problems after they’ve taken a break. So next time you’re stuck with homework, stop for a moment and see where your daydreams take you.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了白日梦的好处，并提醒人们要让大脑休息一下。
42. Daydreaming can make people _________.
A. fly around B. walk slowly
C. think freely D. be absent-minded
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据“can make you have wild imaginings, like flying around in space”可知白日梦可以让你产生天马行空的想象，自由地思考。故选C。
43. Guo Qiang first suggests _________.
A. escaping from the hard time B. looking for new worlds
C. finding time to imagine D. focusing on success
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据“thinks we should all make time to daydream”可知他建议要找点时间去做白日梦。故选C。
44. What is mentioned in paragraph 4
A. The steps to daydream.
B. The things to daydream of.
C. The reasons for daydreaming.
D. The meanings of daydreaming.
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Guo suggests you can start by focusing on a happy memory or imagining a future success, like scoring a goal in the World Cup”可知此处提到了可以白日做梦的事情。故选B。
【限时训练】
宜昌市
A
Come and buy books at our great sale! Here is the information about some new books. You will get 50% off if you buy three or more books together.
Chinese Clothing(￥50)
It’s written by Hua Mei, a professor of a university. It’s about typical Chinese clothing styles in different historical periods. From the book, readers can know traditional Chinese customs have made a big difference in clothing culture.
A Little Bit of Beijing ( 60)
The writers are Li Han and Hu Yan. The book is about the beautiful buildings in Beijing. It’s a great gift for kids who love picture books with colorful houses, cars and flowers.
The Brightest from the Best( 40)
The writers are Hong and Zhang Xiaolong. The book tells us some stories about choices and growth. It records the real lives of eleven young people. They graduated from top universities and went to serve the people in the poor areas in China.
Stories of China( 30)
It’s written in both English and Chinese. All the writers are from China and UK. The folk stories in this book help readers understand Chinese history and culture better.
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了书店促销的四本书。
26. Who wrote Chinese Clothing according to the passage
A. Hua Mei. B. Hu Yan.
C. Li Han. D. Wang Hong.
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Chinese Clothing(￥50) It’s written by Hua Mei, a professor of a university.”可知《中国服饰》这本书是华梅写的。故选A。
27. Which book is the best gift for kids who like colorful pictures
A. Stories of China. B. Chinese Clothing.
C. A Little Bit of Beijing. D. The Brightest from the Best.
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ It’s a great gift for kids who love picture books with colorful houses, cars and flowers.”可知《北京一角》这本书适合喜欢图画的孩子们。故选C。
28. What is The Brightest from the Best about
A. The history of clothes. B. The folk stories of China.
C. The beauty of Beijing. D. The real stories of young people.
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The book tells us some stories about choices and growth. It records the real lives of eleven young people.”可知The Brightest from the Best这本书介绍了年轻人的真实故事，记录了选择和成长的故事。故选D。
B
Zhi Nong was born in a small town in Yunnan Province. When he was young, he moved to Kunming with his mother. Feeling like a caged (笼中的) bird in big city, he was bored with the busy and noisy city life and looked forward to nature.
His chance soon came. In 1983, he helped shoot a documentary about birds. That experience led him to learn photography and take photos of flying birds.
In the 1980s, the Internet was not that popular in China and cameras were expensive. He managed to borrow a camera and threw himself into studying how to use it. During that time, the library became his favorite place where he first read some magazines about nature. It opened a door for him to connect with nature.
In 1992, a research program was organized to protect a type of unusual monkeys which only live in China. Usually the home of these monkeys has half-a-year-long winters. It created great challenges for Zhi Nong’s work, but he never drew back. “I didn’t see the monkeys in the wild until I went into the mountains the third time,” said Zhi Nong. He went into the snow mountains six times just to get valuable photographs of the monkeys.
Three years later, his works won international prizes. People around the world began to pay attention to the protection of wild animals in China. And he is the first Chinese winner of the world Wildlife Photographer of the Year.
In order to call up tons of people to protect wildlife with cameras, he started “China Wildlife Photography Training Camp”. He hopes that more young people will join in for the nature protection.
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍志农野生动物拍照经历，呼吁人们保护自然。
32. Which is the right order of Zhi Nong’s experience
a. He won some prizes in the world.
b. He joined in shooting a documentary.
c. He took some pictures of monkeys.
d. He set up a camp to train photographers.
A a-b-c-d B. b-c-a-d C. c-a-d-b D. d-a-b-c
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“His chance soon came. In 1983, he helped shoot a documentary about birds. ”可知1983年他拍摄鸟类纪录片，根据“In 1992, a research program was organized to protect a type of unusual monkeys which only live in China.”可知1992年拍摄的猴子，根据“Three years later, his works won international prizes.”可知三年后，也就是1995年，获得国际大奖，根据“In order to call up tons of people to protect wildlife with cameras, he started ‘China Wildlife Photography Training Camp’.”可知得奖之后建立的中国野生动物摄影训练营，因此正确顺序是b-c-a-d。故选B。
襄阳市
A
Willow Branches(柳枝) at the Olympics Closing Ceremony Comments(评论) Chosen from Weibo
In ancient China, when relatives or friends said goodbye, people often broke willow branches down and gave them to those who would leave, and hoped they would come back. In Chinese, “willow” has the similar pronunciation to a Chinese word “留”, which means asking a person to stay. It’s not “goodbye” but “see you again soon”. At Beijing Winter Olympics Closing Ceremony, the whole world enjoyed an amazing performance. The performers perfectly acted with the LED floor to show the picture of willow branches. It showed the strong feelings of a sad but sweet goodbye. 365 people holding willow branches were in the center of the Bird’s Nest, showing the missing of 365 days. It fully showed the theme of “One World, One World”.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了北京冬奥会闭幕式中出现的柳枝以及微博上的评论。
21. From the passage, the travelling people in ancient China would get _______ as a gift.
A. hugs B. willow branches
C. flowers D. red lanterns
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, when relatives or friends said goodbye, people often broke willow branches down and gave them to those who would leave, and hoped they would come back.”可知中国古代的旅人会得到柳枝作为礼物。故选B。
22. According to the comments, lots of people think the performance is _______.
A. common B. moving C. convenient D. lively
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The story of the willow is moving”和“So moving”以及“Amazing and moving tradition”可知根据评论，很多人认为表演是感人的，故选B。
23. Which of the following isn’t mentioned in the passage
A. When the performers were trained.
B. Where the closing ceremony was held.
C. What the performance wanted to show us.
D. How Chinese showed their feelings at the closing ceremony.
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“At Beijing Winter Olympics Closing Ceremony, the whole world enjoyed an amazing performance. The performers perfectly acted with the LED floor to show the picture of willow branches. It showed the strong feelings of a sad but sweet goodbye. 365 people holding willow branches were in the center of the Bird’s Nest, showing the missing of 365 days. It fully showed the theme of ‘One World, One World’.”（在北京冬奥会闭幕式上，全世界观看了一场精彩的表演。表演者在LED地板上完美地表演，展示柳枝图片。它表达了悲伤但甜蜜的告别的强烈感情。鸟巢中央有365人手持柳枝，显示了365天的缺失。它充分体现了“同一个世界，同一个世界”的主题。）可知没有提到A选项“表演者什么时候接受训练的”，故选A。
B
A famous person once said, “We live much happier lives when we are generous(慷慨的) in as many ways as possible.”
I love persimmons(柿子). A few years ago, ready to fly from San Francisco to Boston, I packed two persimmons, one of which I ate in the waiting room. A lady asked me from which store in the airport the fruit was bought. She looked a bit disappointed hearing that it couldn’t be bought from any store in this airport. I thought to myself, “I can give the second persimmon away.” When I offered her the fruit, at first she refused, but when I insisted (坚持), she became glad and accepted. I felt happy to make someone else happy, and I thought it was the end of the story.
Sometime during the flight, the lady met me in the aisle(过道) and thanked me again. She shared that she had grown up in Russia, where there was a persimmon tree in the yard of her childhood home. She now lived in Boston, where she hadn’t been able to find the fruit. The taste of the persimmon was valuable to her, reconnecting her with memories of her family.
Only then did the tiny act make a difference to me. As a famous saying goes “___24___” The taste of the persimmon that I offered to the lady gives me more joy than all the ones I have eaten.
【解析】
【导语】本文通过几年前作者送给一位女士柿子的事情告诉我们：当我们慷慨的时候，我们的生活会幸福得多。
24. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The persimmons are very expensive.
B. The persimmons can be bought everywhere.
C. The lady can hardly find persimmons in Boston.
D. The lady knew where to buy persimmons at the airport.
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ She now lived in Boston, where she hadn’t been able to find the fruit.”可知这位女士在波士顿几乎找不到柿子，故选C。
25. The lady thanked the writer twice because ________.
A. the persimmon was very delicious
B. she could eat a persimmon for free
C. the persimmon reminded her of her childhood memories
D. she wanted to have a talk with the writer about her family
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The taste of the persimmon was valuable to her, reconnecting her with memories of her family.”（柿子的味道对她来说很有价值，使她与家人的回忆重新联系起来。）可知柿子使她想起了童年的记忆，故选C。
C
When Yang Fan was taking a walk around the Yuliang Island, she saw a black swan(天鹅) in the grass. Yang Fan knew that swans could be fierce(凶猛的). But as she got close to this one, it didn’t move.
She was sure that the swan needed help. So Yang covered the bird’s head with her jacket to keep its cool, picked it up carefully, and held it in her arms. She decided to send it to the Animal Care Center, but the center was across the Han River, far from the park. She didn’t know how to carry the swan there. Luckily, some strangers driving by gave her and the swan a lift to a nearby bus stop.
On the bus, no one seemed surprised by “the unusual passenger”. Instead they were worried. Someone helped Yang Fan call the center on the way. And Li Tao, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the bus stop and drove them to the center. There, the animal doctors found that the swan was poisoned, caused by eating something used to kill mice. The swan was well looked after at the center. She even made a friend—a little dog. Thanks to people’s love and care, luckily, she was cured(治愈) two months later.
“It’s a moving story. Yang Fan travelled about two hours and it was really a long way.” Says Li Tao. “And all the strangers wanted to give her and the swan a hand.” He adds, “I am happy to see that more and more people have realized the importance of protecting the wild life since Xiangyang began to build the civilized(文明) city.”
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个叫杨凡的女孩拯救了一只中毒的野天鹅的故事。
27. Which is the correct order of the things that happened to the swan
①She was found by Yang Fan.
②She ate something wrong.
③She was cured.
④She made friends with a dog.
⑤She was sent to the Animal Care Center.
A. ①②⑤③④ B. ①⑤②④③
C. ②①⑤④③ D. ⑤②①③④
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“she saw a black swan(天鹅) in the grass...But as she got close to this one, it didn’t move.”；“And Li Tao, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the bus stop and drove them to the center.”；“She even made a friend- a little dog. Thanks to people’s love and care, luckily, she was cured(治愈) two months later.”可知，正确的顺序应该是：天鹅吃错了东西，被杨凡发现，然后被送去动物中心，在那里交了一个狗狗朋友，最后被治愈了。即②①⑤④③。故选C。
孝感市
（1）
New Ways to Raise Money
Live-streams(网上直播) of animals Shanghai Wildlife Park live-streams every morning to show how the animals live. Thousands of people watch pandas eating bamboo. So far, the zoo has nearly 3. 5 million fans. Online adoption(领养) Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo gets help from online adoption. It’s a new way for more people to care about animals. About 150 animals have been adopted(捐助).
Make cultural and creative products Beijing Zoo has brought out ice creams in the shape of elephants, giraffes and pandas. It also makes stuffed (填充) toys with the image of tigers. Create animal stars Nantong Forest Safari Park made a monkey named Kai Sa become a start. Thousands of Kai Sas fans have bought the zoo’s annual membership cards(年卡) and visit it every weekend
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了四个动物园用不同的方式来筹集钱。
26. How does Shanghai Wildlife Park raise money
A. By online adoption B. By creating animal stars.
C. By live-streaming animals. D. By making cultural and creative products.
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Shanghai Wildlife Park live-streams every morning to show how the animals live.”可知上海野生动物园通过动物直播来筹集金钱，故选C。
27. How many animals in Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo have been adopted
A. Over 350. B. About 150.
C. Almost 1000. D. Nearly 3. 5 million.
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo gets help from online adoption. It’s a new way for more people to care about animals. About 150 animals have been adopted(捐助).”可知南京红山森林动物园有大约有150只动物被收养。故选B。
28. ________ makes stuffed toys with the image of tigers.
A. Shanghai Wildlife Park B. Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo
C. Beijing Zoo D. Nantong Forest Safari Park
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Beijing Zoo has brought out ice creams in the shape of elephants, giraffes and pandas. It also makes stuffed(填充) toys with the image of tigers.”可知北京动物园制作老虎形象的毛绒玩具。故选C。
（2）
A photo of a boy carrying his tennis rackets in a bamboo basket becomes popular online.
The boy, Wang Fa, 14, is a member of the Va (佤族) from Yunnan. After he won the under-14-title(十四岁以下男单冠军）at the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour in Guangzhou, an audience (观众) from Yunnan gave him the bamboo basket as a gift and the photo was taken.
“We always carry bamboo baskets when we work in the field. This is a typical(有代表性的）farming tool of the Va. I carried my rackets in this basket to honor my hometown.” Wang said.
Before playing tennis, Wang was just a village boy. But in 2016, he was chosen by a local club as a professional tennis player. “I was nervous at the beginning because the outside world was so different from my home. Tennis has helped me make more friends and get a better education.” he said.
Over the past six years, Wang has trained hard to improve his skills at the Yunnan Wild Elephants Tennis Club. He would get up at 6:30 a. m. and practice for more than six hours a day. He needed to swing a racket (挥拍) more than 7,000 times and run 9 kilometers every day.
“If it were not for tennis, I would still be helping my family with farm work at home.” Wang said.
Wang’s parents didn’t want him to learn tennis at first because they couldn’t afford it. Luckily, the tennis club offered to teach him for free.
For Wang, winning the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour title was the beginning of the future with hope, “I will try my best to get to the top on the professional stage.” he said.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要分享了一张小男孩把网球拍放在来自云南观众赠予的竹篮里的照片，由此引出这个小男孩在成长的路上刻苦练习网球，最后被当地一家俱乐部选为职业网球运动员，并在广州举办的ASICS青少年网球巡回赛中，他获得十四岁以下男单冠军的励志故事。
30. What did Wang Fa get from an audience from Yunnan
A. Tennis rackets. B. The first prize.
C. A photo. D. A bamboo basket.
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“an audience (观众) from Yunnan gave him the bamboo basket as a gift and the photo was taken”可知，得到了一个竹篮子，故选D。
33. Who paid for Wang Fa to learn tennis
A. A tennis club. B. Wang’s parents.
C. Wang’s school. D. An audience from Yunnan.
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Luckily, the tennis club offered to teach him for free”可知，网球俱乐部免费教他，所以是网球俱乐部出钱让他学网球，故选A。
（3）
When was it that something made you stop, take a good look and get lost in thought For me, it was last Sunday. My friend invited me to a European art exhibition in Shanghai.
To be honest, I’m not interested in art paintings at all. I know very little about European art. So, at first, I refused to go to the exhibition. But finally I became excited to see the artworks of the famous artists like Monet(莫奈) and Van Gogh(梵高). The exhibition included 52 artworks. It was really a different experience to see them face to face.
My friend was happy to see so many different painting styles in one place. The visit made her remember the trip to Paris several years ago. She told me that art could be found in every corner of the city.
Most of the visitors, I thought, had limited(有限的) knowledge about art, too. They were just busy taking pictures, and then showed everyone on WeChat that they had been there. Under the influence of my friend, who is an art lover, I began to look at the paintings carefully. One painting that moved me most was Van Gogh’s Long Grass With Butterflies. Those things such as grass, butterflies were quite common in my life. However, I had never thought they were worth attention. I had usually followed the crowd to see what was “special”. Actually, we should pay more attention to the “common” things around us.
Sometimes we are supposed to have a careful look, think for a while, then we will find the beauty in our life.
【解析】
【导语】本文作者通过自己去看艺术展的经历告诉我们有时我们应该仔细地看一看，想一想，然后我们就会发现我们生活中的美丽。
35. Where was the exhibition held
A. Shanghai. B. Europe.
C. Paris. D. Not mentioned.
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“My friend invited me to a European art exhibition in Shanghai.”可知展览会在上海举行，故选A。
37. Which is the right order about the writer according to the passage
①I refused to go to the art exhibition.
② I went to see the exhibition with my friend.
③ I was invited to the exhibition.
④ I was moved by Long Grass With Butterfly.
A. ④③②① B. ④②①③
C. ③①②④ D. ③④②①
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据“My friend invited me to a European art exhibition in Shanghai... So, at first, I refused to go to the exhibition. But finally I became excited to see the artworks of the famous artists like Monet(莫奈) and Van Gogh(梵高).”可知作者首先被邀请去参观展览，接下来是作者拒绝去看艺术展，然后是作者和朋友去看展览，结合选项，故选C。
38. What can we know from the passage
A. The writer used to show great interest in art paintings.
B. This exhibition included 52 artworks of different styles.
C. Monet’s Long Grass With Butterfly was very special in fact.
D. All the visitors enjoyed taking photos and showing them on WeChat.
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The exhibition included 52 artworks.”和“My friend was happy to see so many different painting styles in one place. ”可知本次展览展出了52件不同风格的作品。故选B。
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