湖南衡阳名校2024届高三复习周练 1月第4周 英语试题（含解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 湖南衡阳名校2024届高三复习周练 1月第4周 英语试题（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 54.5KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-01-24 18:21:04 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
2024年1月份第4周
英语
一、阅读理解
Did you know roughly one third of food for human consumption goes to waste Most of it is fresh fruit and vegetables that go bad. The produce dries out or goes bad, which has led scientists to develop ways of coating or sealing the food to keep it fresher for longer. Now research at Rice University reveals there might be a better way.
Scientists discovered that dipping produce like strawberries and bananas into an egg-based wash is remarkably good for preserving it. The coating is extremely thick, and made from a mixture of powdered egg whites and yolks (蛋黄) (70%)，and some wood-sourced cellulose（纤维素）to act as a barrier preventing water loss.
What the scientists found was that the egg wash made a significant difference in helping produce stay fresh over a two-week observation period. The appearance of the coated fruits and vegetables didn’t change much, while the uncoated produce ripened and even rotted within the same time. The egg-based coating, as it turned out, reduced each fruit’s chance to get exposed to oxygen.
The non-poisonous coating was found to be flexible and tests showed that it was just as tough as other products, including synthetic films(合成膜)，used in produce packaging. For anyone with an egg allergy, the coating can be removed by thorough washing in water and is tasteless.
The scientists hope this could be a breakthrough in the fight against food waste. “Reducing food shortages in ways that are not related to genetic modification, uneatable coatings or chemical additives is important for better sustainable living,” said materials scientist and study author Pulickel Ajayan.
What’s great about this discovery is that it fights food waste in more than one way: even the coating was made from eggs that would otherwise have been discarded because they weren’t fit for consumption. The researchers said roughly 200 million of US produced eggs go to waste annually. So if this were scaled up, it could be a win-win situation all around.
1．How does the egg-based wash help keep food fresh
A. By removing its cellulose slowly.
B. By limiting its oxygen exposure.
C. By improving its absorbent ability.
D. By making its coating less thick.
2．Why is Pulickel Ajayan mentioned in the text
A. To show the significance of the discovery.
B. To stress the seriousness of food shortages.
C. To offer the method of cutting food waste.
D. To give a brief description of the research.
3．What does the underlined word “discarded” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Taken in. B. Eaten up. C. Thrown away. D. Picked out.
4．What is the text mainly about
A. How to use eggs creatively. B. How to recycle food waste.
C. A breakthrough in technology. D. A new way to preserve food.
The British may be made fun of for their weather-related small talk, but a recent study suggests that just four minutes of chatting can reveal aspects of our personality and influence subsequent social interactions.
Researchers divided 338 participants into two groups before meeting in person and asked each participant to complete a personality and IQ test. Within each group, participants were paired and either conversed by text for 4 minutes or had no contact with their partner. Participants were then required to infer aspects of their partner's personality and predict whether they would act cooperatively or selfishly in two money-based strategy games.
The results showed that those who chatted scored higher in predicting their partners' IQ and personality test responses, but were also more likely to project their own personality characteristics onto their partners. "Our research suggests that in just a few minutes of small talk, we begin to form a mental model of the person we're talking to, "says Professor Sgroi.
Participants then met and played with their conversation partner or, in the case of the no-contact group, met and played with strangers.
The researchers then gave each participant &20 and asked them to contribute to a joint pot (罐) shared with their partners, an experiment called the Public Goods Game.
The team says people who have chatted with their partners are more likely to correctly predict their contributions to the pot. In addition, those who chatted beforehand contributed 30% more than those who did not. The results also depended on the relationships they established through small talk.
Georgie Nightingall, the founder of Trigger Conversations, says that small talk is a great way to encourage cooperation in the workplace. "People are bad at small talk because it feels like there is no end to it. It can feel awkward and pointless once you have all the information you need. While asking questions helps build relationships with people, people will be happy to have a chat if you show that you care about others. My advice is to be sincere (真诚) and considerate. "
5．What does the underlined word "reveal" mean in paragraph 1
A.Contribute to. B.Give away. C.Limit. D.Change.
6．What helps conversation partners predict their contributions correctly
A.Their common interests and hobbies.
B.The differences of their personalities.
C.The accurate judgments of each other's IQ.
D.Their previous impressions and connections.
7．What does Nightingall suggest we do to inspire others to communicate with us
A.Avoid asking them questions. B.Share our personal privacy.
C.Show genuine concern for them. D.Start with our strengths and virtues.
8．What's the purpose of this text
A.To present a research outcome. B.To describe a cultural phenomenon.
C.To assess British people's social skills. D.To motivate people to interact by texting.
The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological (气象) Organization (WMO) said on September. However, thanks to improved early warning systems and disaster management, the number of death from these hazards (危险) has been almost three times less.
According to the WMO, from 1970 to 2019, weather, climate and water hazards accounted for 50 percent of all disasters. Among the top 10 hazards that led to the largest loss of human life during this period were droughts, storms, floods and extreme temperatures. However, deaths fell from over 50, 000 in the 1970s to less than 20, 000 in the 2010s.
“Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change,” says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas.
“That means more heat waves, drought and forest fires such as those we have observed recently in Europe and North America. We have more water vapor in the atmosphere, which is worsening extreme rainfall and deadly flooding. The warming of the oceans has affected the frequency and area of existence of the most intense tropical storms.”
“Economic losses are increasing as exposure increases. But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths. Quite simply, we are better than ever before at saving lives,” Taalas said.
9．What do we know from the first paragraph
A. Disasters connected with weather have gone up.
B. The number of weather-related disasters has decreased.
C. The number of deaths from hazards has been increasing.
D. Early warning systems have made disasters decline much.
10．What will happen according to Petteri Taalas
A. There will be more extreme weather.
B. Extreme rainfall will no longer exist.
C. Water vapor in the atmosphere will go down.
D. Humans will defeat extreme weather in the end.
11．What is hopeful behind the bad news
A. Improved warning systems will save economic losses.
B. Economic losses are going down as exposure increases.
C. More lives will be saved thanks to early warning systems.
D. Improved early warning systems will control extreme weather
12．Where may the text be taken from
A. A novel. B. A brochure. C. A magazine. D. A guideline.
Housing officials say that lately they are noticing something different: students seem to lack the will, and the skill, to address ordinary conflicts. "We have students who are mad at each other and they text each other in the same room, "says a teacher. "So many of our conflicts are because kids don't know how to tackle a problem by formal discussion."
And as any pop psychologist will tell you, bottled emotions lead to silent discontent that can boil over into frustration and anger. At the University of Florida, emotional conflicts occur about once a week, the university's director of housing education says. "Over the past five years, roommate conflicts have increased. The students don't have the person-to-person discussions and they don't know how to handle them." The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to catch on, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.
Administrators guess that reliance on cell phones and the Internet may have made it easier for young people to avoid uncomfortable encounters. Why express anger in person when you can vent in a text "Things are posted on someone's wall on Facebook like: Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying, "says Dana Pysz, an assistant director at the University of California, Los Angeles. "It's a different way to express their conflict to each other, consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public." In recent focus groups at North Carolina State University, dorm residents said they would not even confront noisy neighbors on their floor.
Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children's problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. Some parents continue to interfere on campus.
13．What is the main reason for many roommate conflicts
A.Students are not good at reaching an agreement about the problems.
B.Students are not satisfied with each other.
C.Housing directors are not responsible for them.
D.Students are not strong-willed.
14．What can we learn from the second paragraph
A.Students, especially freshmen, should bottle up their dissatisfaction.
B.All students are not able to handle conflicts by the time they graduate.
C.Students in Florida sit down and have a person-to-person talk once a week.
D.The number of conflicts among roommates has decreased during the past five years.
15．What is the attitude of Dana Pysz when he mentions roommates reveal their conflicts in the media
A.Eagerness. B.Indifference. C.Understandable. D.Negative.
16．What should parents do according to the passage
A.They should be involved in their children's life on campus.
B.They should deal with their children's problems in their whole lives.
C.They should constantly contact the administrators of the college.
D.They should teach their children the skills to tackle conflicts.
The marathon runner, born in 1984 in Kenya, has succeeded in running a 42-kilometer marathon in under two hours, which was considered physically impossible. He made the breakthrough in 2019. Now he has won the most male World Marathon Major races, nine in total.
Kipchoge loved running during his childhood. He ran to school, covering 3. 2 km every day. Kipchoge also cycled to the local market, taking several gallons of milk that his family would sell. When he was a teenager, thanks to his neighbor and former Olympic athlete, Sang, Kipchoge took on professional running. Sang became his coach and lifelong friend. With the help of Sang, Kipchoge's training became more and more effective.
Kipchoge has talent. But he is also a "true believer" fighting against himself, always ready to push his own limits. In 2016, at the Rio Olympics, Kipchoge won the gold medal for the marathon with a time of 2:08:44. Only two years later, in 2018, he finished the Berlin Marathon in a time of 2:01:39. The result was not just the fastest Berlin marathon run in history, but also the fastest marathon ever run at the time.
Still, Kipchoge didn't stop. He believed he could go on challenging where no other human had succeeded. At the age of 35, with good preparations, he finished the race in 1:59:40. 20, breaking the two-hour limit. He set the new record and proved to the world that no human is limited.
Though Kipchoge has won so much, he didn't stop running. In 2021, he won the gold medal for Tokyo Olympics male marathon with a time of 2:08:38 and in 2022, the Berlin Marathon 2:01:09.
Apart from his talent as well as working hard, his shoes are also helpful during his running. It is a pair of special ones with a special kind of foam（海绵式橡胶）. They can take in runners’ energy when their feet touch the ground and then return part of the energy to the runners, which helps Kipchoge run faster.
17．What helped Kipchoge start professional training
A. He got support from his family.
B. He ran 3. 2 km to school every day.
C. He became the student of an Olympic athlete.
D. He went cycling to the local market to sell milk.
18．Why did the writer mention the shoes in the last paragraph
A. To show science technology helps sports.
B. To prove success is based on hard work only.
C. To explain energy can stay in the shoes for a long time.
D. To recommend more marathon runners to buy this kind of shoes.
19．Which can1 best describe Kipchoge
A. Talented and hardworking.
B. Friendly and creative.
C. Outgoing and humorous.
D. Shy and energetic.
20．What does Kipchoge's story prove
A. Pride hurts, modesty benefits.
B. Many hands make light work.
C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
D. The longest journey begins with the first step.
In recent fast paced life, the demands and pressures of work left me feeling mentally and physically stressed. I decided to disconnect from my job for a while for a mental break. As a nature lover, without any delay, I came to Borneo, the world’s third largest island.
Upon arrival, a local offered to be my guide, which was a great bonus for me. He led me through the jungle and I was immersed in the exploration. One day, the guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a rough hillside instead. We picked our way gingerly when suddenly, a Rafflesia (大王花) appeared into my view among those stones. More than delighted, I bent down and put my nose practically to feel the flower’s special flavour.
As I was approaching the end of my trip, there was another thing highlighting my trip. We happened to encounter the king of the crocodile (鳄鱼), a saltwater crocodile, which can grow to a length of 6 meters. It was getting dark. When we shone a flashlight towards the muddy shore, little sounds emerged in the darkness as if something unseen underwater had broken the mud. Taking a second look, we spotted two greedy eyes just above the water line. Cautiously, we approached it and finally could figure out it was a baby crocodile. Though alarmed, I could proudly talk big that I had encountered a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to back.
Though I have settled back into the routine of everyday life now, the experience stays long after the physical journey ended. I have learned to face life’s challenges with a renewed outlook. Despite the rat race of daily existence, try to spare time to spot the breathtaking beauty of nature and the heartfelt connections with others. The world out there is so fascinating.
21．Why did the author go to Borneo
A. To connect better with his work.
B. To relieve himself of the pressures.
C. To keep an appointment with a local guide.
D. To reward himself for his promotion in job.
22．What does the underlined word “gingerly” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Patiently. B. Roughly. C. Cautiously. D. Rapidly.
23．What is the tone of the author when recalling the saltwater crocodile he met
A. Critical. B. Instructive. C. Regretful. D. Humorous.
24．What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph
A. Keep a balance between life and work.
B. Battle with challenges from life and work.
C. Research your destinations ahead of time.
D. Learn more about travel safety knowledge.
二、七选五
25．Tips on Increasing Your Memory Power
One of the most common problems today is forgetfulness. Many people are searching for the key to a better memory. ①______
Increase your memory power by using associations.
The first technique to remember the things is the association technique. This includes the use of mnemonics（助记符号）or things similar to a particular word in order to remember what should be memorized. ②______ However, the associations that a person creates himself will help to remember things more easily and more quickly.
Increase your memory power by repetition.
③______ Stimuli（刺激物）are things that stimulate a person to make his brain work. As a person repeatedly acquires stimuli to make his brain work, these stimuli are remembered by the brain. It is like learning words as a child. He applies all the repeated words he has heard during his life.
④______
The third technique is about the application of body movements. By using simple hand gestures while saying a word, a person can remember things that he has forgotten.
There are lots of other ways to increase memory power. However, one must also be aware of the things to be avoided. The first thing that a person must do is to prevent stress. ⑤______ If you follow these techniques on how to increase your memory power, life will be easier for you.
A. In other words, stress must be managed.
B. The second technique is repetition.
C. Increase your memory power by using body movements.
D. A lot of students use these techniques, especially during major exams.
E. Here are several techniques to increase a person’s memory power.
F. There are several mnemonics available to help a person remember things.
G. A person might wonder why he couldn’t remember the details the day before the exam.
26．With a growing number of Native American language immersion(沉浸式) programs in the US, there are many significant emerging benefits.
①_____ This is because they're missing some degree of personal connection to the things they're learning. By introducing them to their native language and perhaps even instructing them in their native language, these children find a personal connection with their learning. ②_____ So for immigrants（移民）or children of immigrants, it's increasingly important to keep some form of connection with one's culture.
There are also many children struggling to fit into their communities or their schools. ③_____For children who are growing up in a different country than they are from, their native language can help them feel more connected to their parents and relatives, those who speak the native language. And it can also help them feel as though they have some form of "home". Having the capacity to think in the native language can serve as a reminder that they always have a “home” to escape to. The “home” may not be a physical place.④_____
The native language not only allows them to communicate and connect with one another, but allows them to understand and appreciate the history of their ancestors and their upbringing.⑤_____ It also helps connect them to their ancestors and culture.
A. But it makes them feel a sense of belonging.
B. Many children lack interest in their education.
C. It may appear to more work than benefit at first.
D. So it cultivates their appreciation and understanding.
E. They feel as though their roots set them apart from other kids.
F. The rewards of using a people's dialect through communication are well worthwhile.
G. This is beyond being beneficial for children, especially those from diverse familial backgrounds.
27．Perhaps you’ve lost your job, or you failed an exam and now you are feeling helpless and defeated. You may feel a bit like a failure. ①_______Here are reasons.
②_______
The reason why you are feeling a bit down is that you haven’t achieved what you want to achieve. However, if you have dreams, your dreams will push you forward. As long as you continue to do that, you always strive to be better.
You have the opportunity to build global friendships.
In today’s day and age, your best friend can literally be five thousand miles away yet you can still experience the beauty of that friendship. You have the ability to know the people around the world now. ③_______ So let’s cheer for your unique ability.
Your happiness is easy to get.
You have the power to choose happiness for your life in everything you do. Your happiness is defined by whether or not you are able to feel and seize an opportunity to feel happy. ④_______
You have the ability to forgive.
⑤_______ Imagine how bitter and unhappy you would be if you did not have the ability to forgive others’ mistakes as well as your own. It would make it nearly impossible to live and move on with life when difficulties arise.
A. You can be better.
B. You have a good try.
C. Forgiveness is important in our daily life.
D. Imagine how you feel when facing difficulties.
E. However, it is quite difficult to do before the 1900s.
F. But I can assure you that you are most definitely not.
G. In fact, happiness may be something as simple as enjoying laughter.
28．Tips for Self-discipline When You Study
Regulating ourselves is incredibly important because it can build self-esteem. When we achieve the goals we set for ourselves, we get a boost of confidence. ①_______. Here are some tips for self-discipline.
②_______
Self-discipline is the easiest when things that distract you from your studies are out of sight. If you find yourself disturbed by external distractions like your cell phone, then by all means, turn it off. Nothing is going to happen in the 45 minutes when you are going to sit down to study.
Give yourself a break
Giving yourself a break doesn’t mean abandoning all self-discipline. ③_______. Set a. watch or timer(not the phone-it is turned off ) for 45 minutes. Study for 45 minutes, making sure that nothing interferes(妨碍) with you. Then, at 45 minutes, take a scheduled 5- to 7-minute break. Appropriate break will enhance your efficiency significantly.
Reward yourself
If you want to be more motivated, you will need something more tangible. So, set up a reward system. It is recommended that setting your timer for 45minutes. If you’ve made it that far, then give yourself a reward. ④_______.
Start with small things
Self-discipline is not a natural thing but a learned skill. Self-discipline comes from the repeated exercise of willpower. ⑤_______. So you can adjust your execution (实施) over and over to get closer to your goal. Start by forcing yourself to study for just 20 minutes with5-minute breaks in between. Then, once that becomes relatively easy, set for 45 minutes.
A. Remove disturbance
B. Do away with perfect timing
C. It can improve many aspects of our lives
D. But you don’t get benefits from mechanical repetition
E. Schedule mini-breaks into your study session strategically
F. You can take time to remove the mess from your study area
G. By doing so, your willpower for studying will be improved greatly
三、书面表达
29．在高中三年的时光里，你一定经历了许多让你感动的人和事。请以 “My thanks to _____” 为题，为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一篇短文。内容包括：
1. 要感谢的对象;
2. 感谢的原因。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 可以适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
30．近年来，地球上的自然灾害越来越频发。假设你校英文报正在征集环保主题征文，请你写一封倡议书进行投稿，呼吁大家关注自然灾害并保护环境。
内容要点应包括:
1.列举自然灾害实例;
2.提出一些必要的防范措施;
3.号召大家采取行动保护地球。
注意: 词数100左右;开头已给出，不计入总词数
As we all know, over the past years, floods, earthquakes and sandstorms have happened frequently.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
四、短文填空
31．At first I didn't want to be a traffic police officer. I wanted to be a criminal police officer. When I ①______ (assign) to the traffic police at the beginning, I was a little ②______ (disappoint) .
Later I found out that traffic police is the most commonly seen on the street, and there is indeed a lot of danger. With our help, traffic problems can be tackled, and life can run ③______ (smooth) .
There ④______ (be) the motorcycles that weigh more than 250 kilograms, still not quite suitable for women. In times like this, my passion for this job is ⑤______ keeps me going. I first got a motorcycle rider's license and ⑥______ (enrol) in a gym to do ⑦______ (strong) training. You have to be able to handle the motorcycle first before riding it.
Various emergencies may occur on the road, such as a pregnant woman or someone else needing to get to the hospital urgently. When we're on duty, if a driver sees us, he or she pulls over and urges us to intervene, ⑧______ (say) something like, "Can you help us get through We're ⑨______ the way to the hospital." We can clear the way right away. ⑩______ time permits, we even get the person to the hospital. Moments like this make me feel very proud.
32．Thirteen Chinese scientists successfully reached the peak of Mount Qomolangma on May 23rd in Southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region, with the world’s highest automatic meteorological station successfully①_________ (improve). The scientists reached the peak at around 12:30 p.m. on May 23rd, ②_________was the second time a Chinese expedition to Mount Qomolangma reached an altitude above 8,000 meters since 2022.
Recently, several leading technologies③_________ (apply) in China’s Peak Mission expedition by a total of 170 scientists who④_________ (be) conducting research on water, ecology and other activities during the 2023 expedition to Mount Qomolangma as part of the second comprehensive⑤_________ (science) expedition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
At 3 a.m on May 23rd, a group of 13 scientists⑥_________ (form) the expedition team set off from the 8,300-meter high camp at Mount Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West. After⑦_________8-hour climb, they reached the world’s highest automatic weather observation station at 8,830 meters above sea level around 11 a.m. The team secured fixed steel ropes, replaced batteries, installed a wind speed⑧_________direction sensor at the station. After⑨_________ (approximate) one hour of work, the scientists successfully completed the maintenance and upgrade of the automatic weather station.
Currently, automated weather⑩_________ (station) at 7,790 meters and 8,300 meters on Mount Qomolangma have completed their technical upgrades.
五、完形填空（15空）
There are always some persons in your life who touch your soft heart with kindness.
As a little girl, my favorite thing was 1 . And when I thought about 2 I wanted to be when I grew up, I figured I’d be a librarian, just because the two librarians changed my life.
At that time, the town library limited the number of books a person borrowed 3 two once a week. I 4 the books in just three days. So to read more, I was 5 about what books to choose. The librarian, Mrs. Tonne, was a warm person. Every time I went into the library, she greeted me, 6 . When learning about my trouble, she often 7 some better books. Thanks to her help, I 8 a lot from these books.
Gradually, I developed an interest in writing, 9 poems. When I was in fourth grade, our school librarian, Mrs. Ketelsen, encouraged me to write more. When my poem was not accepted, she 10 me with comfortable words. Once she helped 11 some poems I’d written about dinosaurs to Highlights magazine. It was my first published writing!
Later, at the University of Iowa, 12 I majored in journalism, my dream was different. I realized that I was shy about interviewing people, which made me 13 . When I recalled Mrs. Tonne and Mrs. Ketelsen, I made a decision without 14 to be devoted to writing. And now I am an editor at Reader’s Digest.
Whenever I think of the help from them, how 15 I am. It is their kindness that makes me what I am.
33．A.reading B.painting C.exploring D.creating
34．A.how B.why C.where D.what
35．A.of B.to C.from D.between
36．A.published B.edited C.presented D.finished
37．A.under the weather B.in the air
C.at a loss D.on the rocks
38．A.shouting B.smiling C.crying D.dancing
39．A.exchanged B.recommend C.designed D.adapted
40．A.reflected B.devoted C.expected D.benefited
41．A.extremely B.fortunately C.especially D.slightly
42．A.inspired B.challenged C.contented D.tricked
43．A.admit B.send C.revise D.settle
44．A.although B.because C.when D.since
45．A.relaxed B.satisfied C.impressed D.upset
46．A.hesitation B.tension C.exception D.argument
47．A.concerned B.relieved C.grateful D.regretful
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段The egg-based coating, as it turmed out, reduced each frit's chanme to get exposed to oxygen 可知，它是通过阻止食物与氧气接触来保鲜的。所以选择B项。
2．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段The scientists hope this could be a breakthrough in the fight against food waste. 及Palickel Aiayan所说的内容可推断，文章提到PulickelAjayan旨在说明该发现的意义。所以选择A项。
3．答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后because they weren’t fit for consumption. 可推断，画线词的意思与Thrown away的意思最为接近。所以选择C项。
4．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文、尤其是文章第一段Now research at Rice University reveals there might be a better way.及第二段Scientists discovered that dipping produce like strawberries and bananas into an egg-based wash is remarkably good for preserving it.可知，本文主要介绍了一种保存食物的新方法，即使用含有鸡蛋液的一种混合液体。所以选择D项。
5．答案：B
解析：考查词义猜测。根据第三段中“The results showed that those who chatted scored higher in predicting their partners' IQ and personality test responses...”和“Our research suggests that in just a few minutes of small talk, we begin to form a mental model of the person we're talking to”可知,一项研究 结果表明，通过几分钟的闲聊，我们的性格就会透露出来，并被交谈的另一方知晓。因此 reveal 意为“透露；揭示”， 与give away 意思相近。故选B。
6．答案：D
解析：考查推理判断。根据第三段中“Our research suggests that in just a few minutes of small talk, we begin to form a mental model of the person we're talking to”和倒数第二段中 “The results also depended on the relationships they established through small talk.”可知，通过闲聊，我们得以了解对方的性格等心理特质，从而可以比较准确地预测对方 的行为。由此推断，在闲聊中建立的印象和联系有助于让 预测更为准确。A项“共同的兴趣和爱好”和B项“性格 的不同”在文中未被提及，C项“对于彼此智商的准确判 断”是闲聊的结果，与“预测对方的行为”无关。故选D。
7．答案：C
解析：考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“While asking questions helps build relationships with people, people will be happy to have a chat if you show that you care about others. My advice is to be sincere(真诚）and considerate.”可知, Nightingall建议要真诚并体贴他人，这样才能通过沟通来 与之建立良好的关系。故选C。
8．答案：A
解析：考查写作意图。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项 研究。该研究表明，仅仅四分钟的闲聊就可以揭示我们的 性格，并影响随后的社交互动。文章具体说明了研究的对象、过程和数据来解释这一研究结果。因此，A项“为了呈 现一项研究结果”符合文章的目的。故选A。
9．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句" The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological (气象) Organization (WMO) said on September.（世界气象组织（WMO）9月发布的最新报告称，过去50年来，与天气有关的灾害数量增加了五倍）"可知，与气候相关的灾难增多了。故选A项。
10．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段Petteri Taalas说的话" Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change（由于气候变化，天气、气候和水的极端事件正在增加，并将在世界许多地区变得更加频繁和严重）"可知，Petteri Taalas认为极端天气会增多。故选A项。
11．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段" But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths.（但在统计数据背后隐藏着希望的信息。改进的多灾种早期预警系统使得死亡人数显著减少）"可知，预警系统会拯救更多生命。故选C项。
12．答案：C
解析：文章出处题。根据第三段" says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas.（WMO 秘书长Petteri Taalas说）"和第五段结尾"Taalas said.（Taalas说）"可知，文章引用了世界气象组织官员的话，所以最可能出自电视或广播的专题节目，magazine有"（电视、广播）专题节目"的意思。故选C项。
13．答案：A
解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“So many of our conflicts are because kids don't know how to tackle a problem by formal discussion.”可知，室友之间的许多冲突都源于学生们不擅长协商解决问题，即不擅长对问题达成共识。故选A。
14．答案：B
解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to catch on, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.”可知,有些学 生在毕业时仍然不能处理好冲突。故选B。
15．答案：D
解析：考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“'Things are posted on someone's wall on Facebook like: Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying,' says Dana Pysz, an assistant director at the University of California, Los Angeles. 'It's a different way to express their conflict to each other, consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public. '”可知，Dana Pysz 认为冲突（内容）一旦被公开发 表在社交媒体上，就会引起更多的摩擦，所以他不赞同这种公开冲突的方法。故选D。
16．答案：D
解析：考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children's problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts.”可知，父母们应该教他们 的孩子如何处理冲突。故选D。
17．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三四句“When he was a teenager, thanks to his neighbor and former Olympic athlete, Sang, Kipchoge took on professional running. Sang became his coach and lifelong friend. (十几岁时，多亏了邻居和前奥运会运动员桑，基普乔格开始了职业跑步。桑成为他的教练和终身好友。)”可知，促使他开始职业跑步的是因为他成了一个奥运会运动员的学生。故选C项。
18．答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一二句“Apart from his talent as well as working hard, his shoes are also helpful during his running. It is a pair of special ones with a special kind of foam (海绵式橡胶). (除了他的天赋和努力之外，他的鞋在跑步过程中也很有帮助。这是一对有特殊海绵式橡胶的特殊鞋。)”可知，此段并未提及鞋子的品牌，应该不是为了推荐运动员购买此种鞋，但该鞋由海绵式橡胶制成，应该是科技产物，且给予了基普乔格帮助，因此可知，本段提及鞋是为了显示科技对运动的帮助。故选A项。
19．答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Apart from his talent as well as working hard, his shoes are also helpful during his running. (除了他的天赋和努力之外，他的鞋在跑步过程中也很有帮助。)”可知，作为运动员，他突出的特点就是有天赋和勤奋，故这两个品质最适合用于描述他。故选A项。
20．答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Still, Kipchoge didn't stop. He believed he could go on challenging where no other human had succeeded. At the age of 35, with good preparations, he finished the race in 1:59: 40.20, breaking the two-hour limit. He set the new record and proved to the world that no human is limited. (尽管如此，基普乔格并没有停止。他相信，他可以在其他人都没有成功的地方继续挑战。35岁时，经过充分的准备，他以1分59秒40秒20完成了比赛，打破了两小时的限制。他创造了新的纪录，并向世界证明了没有人是有限的。)”可知，他之所以能打破纪录，是因为他没有止步于自己的成就，乐意继续奔跑，去挑战不可能。故选C项。
21．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“In recent fast paced life, the demands and pressures of work left me feeling mentally and physically stressed. I decided to disconnect from my job for a while for a mental break. As a nature lover, without any delay, I came to Borneo, the world’s third largest island. (在最近快节奏的生活中，工作的要求和压力让我感到身心压力。我决定暂时中断工作，暂时休息一下。作为一名自然爱好者，我毫不拖延地来到了世界第三大岛婆罗洲。)”可知，工作的压力让我感到身心俱疲，于是，作者决定放下工作，好好休息一下，所以作者来到了婆罗洲。故选B。
22．答案： C
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段中“One day, the guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a rough hillside instead. (一天，导游离开了平坦的道路，带我穿过了一个崎岖的山坡。)”可知，这个导游没有走平坦的小路，而是带作者横穿崎岖的山坡。于是，作者小心翼翼地走着。根据语境可知，gingerly意为“谨慎地”。故选C。
23．答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“Though alarmed, I could proudly talk big that I had encountered a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to back. (虽然很惊慌，但我可以骄傲地大张旗鼓地说，我在野外遇到了一只饥饿的鳄鱼，并活了下来。)”可知，作者可以骄傲地吹牛说自己在野外遇到过饥饿的鳄鱼，而且还活了下来。这是一种诙谐的语气。故选D。
24．答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Despite the rat race of daily existence, try to spare time to spot the breathtaking beauty of nature and the heartfelt connections with others. (抛开日常生活的激烈竞争，试着抽出时间去欣赏令人惊叹的大自然之美，与他人建立真诚的联系。) ”可知，人们尽管每天都要忙于奔波，但还是要尽量抽出时间来发现大自然的美，在生活和工作之间保持平衡。故选A。
25．答案：①-⑤EFBCA
解析：①E．推理判断题。根据空格上一句"Many people are searching for the key to a better memory.许多人都在寻找提高记忆力的钥匙。"下文介绍了提高记忆的方法。可知E项Here are several techniques to increase a person's memory power.（以下是几种提高记忆力的方法。）承接上下文符合语境。故选E。
②F．推理判断题。根据空格上一句"This includes the use of mnemonics （助记符号）or things similar to a particular word in order to remember what should be memorized.这包括使用助记符或类似某个单词的东西，以便记住应该记住的东西。"可知F项There are several mnemonics available to help a person remember things.（有几种助记符可以帮助一个人记住事情。）都介绍的是记忆符号的作用，承接上下文符合语境。故选F。
③B．段落大意题。根据空格下一句"As a person repeatedly acquires stimuli to make his brain work，these stimuli are remembered by the brain.当一个人反复获得刺激使他的大脑工作时，这些刺激会被大脑记住。"可知本段主要介绍是重复记忆的作用，B项The second technique is repetition.（第二种技巧是重复。）符合本段主旨。故选B。
④C．段落大意题。根据空格下一句" The third technique is about the application of body movements.第三种技巧是身体动作的运用。"可知C项Increase your memory power by using body movements.（通过身体运动增强你的记忆力。）符合本段主旨。故选C。
⑤A．推理判断题。根据空格上一句"The first thing that a person must do is to prevent stress.一个人必须做的第一件事就是防止压力。"可知A项In other words，stress must be managed.（换句话说，压力必须得到控制。）是同义句，符合语境。故选A。
26．答案：①-⑤ BGEAD
解析：①根据下文“This is because they're missing some degree of personal connection to the things they're learning.”中的 “things they're learning”可联系到B项，因为B项中的关键 信息their education与上述引文相呼应，而且其他选项并 没有可以与上文形成呼应的信息。故选B。
②上文的"By introducing them to their native language and perhaps even instructing them in their native language, these children find a personal connection with their learning."介绍 了美国原住民语言沉浸式项目对孩子们的好处；根据空后 的“So for immigrants(移民）or children of immigrants, it's increasingly important to keep some form of connection with one's culture.”可以联系到G项，即美国原住民语言沉浸式 项目对孩子们是非常有益的，尤其是对于那些来自不同家 庭背景的孩子。G项符合上下文逻辑。故选G。
③根据空前的“There are also many children struggling to fit into their communities or their schools.”可知,空处所填句应接着指出许多孩子正努力成为他们的群体或学校的一分子的原因。E项“他们觉得好像是自己的根脉把他们与 其他孩子区别开来似的。”符合语境，故选E。
④根据上文中的“Having the capacity to think in the native language can serve as a reminder that they always have a 'home' to escape to. The 'home' may not be a physical place.”可知，拥有用母语思考的能力可以提醒在异国长大 的孩子们，他们总是有一个可以逃避进去的“家”，而这个 “家”可能并非一个有形的场所。所以空处应是对“家”做 进一步解释。A项中But表示转折，指虽然这个“家”可能 不是一个客观存在的地方，但是它可以让孩子们有归属 感。而且A项中的“a sense of belonging”与上文中的“not be a physical place”相呼应。故选 A。
⑤根据上文中的"...allows them to understand and appreciate the history of their ancestors and their upbringing." 可知，D项“所以它培养他们的欣赏和理解（能力）。”符合 语境，其中的“appreciation and understanding”与上文中的 “understand and appreciate”相呼应。故选D。
27．答案：①-⑤FAEGC
解析：
①由上文“Perhaps you’ve lost your job, or you failed an exam and now you are feeling helpless and defeated. You may feel a bit like a failure. (也许你失去了工作，或者你没有通过考试，现在你感到无助和失败。)”可知，下文要谈论和“无助和失败”相关话题。B选项“But I can assure you that you are most definitely not.(但我可以向你保证，你绝对不是。)”可以理解为“但我可以向你保证，你绝对不是上面这种情况。”能承接上文，符合题意。本段的功能为总领下文，下文主要介绍了几点“你”并不失败的原因。故选F。
②由下文“The reason why you are feeling a bit down is that you haven’t achieved what you want to achieve. However, if you have dreams, your dreams will push you forward. As long as you continue to do that, you always strive to be better.(你感到沮丧的原因是你还没有达到你想要达到的目标。然而，如果你有梦想，你的梦想会推动你前进。只要你继续这样做，你就会一直努力变得更好。)”可知，本段的主要内容与“只要努力，我们就会一直不断进步，变得更好”相关。A选项“You can be better. (你可以变得更好。)”与本段的内容相契合。故选A。
③由上文“In today’s day and age, your best friend can literally be five thousand miles away yet you can still experience the beauty of that friendship. You have the ability to know the people around the world now. (在今天这个时代，你最好的朋友可以在五千英里之外，但你仍然可以体验到友谊的美好。你现在有能力认识世界各地的人。)”介绍我们如今可以广交朋友，可知下文要谈及和交朋友相关话题。E选项“However, it is quite difficult to do before the 1900s. (然而，在20世纪之前，这是很难做到的。)”，能承接上文。且选项E能解释下文“So let’s cheer for your unique ability. (所以让我们为你独特的能力欢呼吧。)”欢呼的原因。故选E。
④由本段的小标题“Your happiness is easy to get. (你的幸福很容易得到。)”可知，本段介绍我们生活中的幸福是容易获得的，快乐由自己定义和选择。G选项“In fact, happiness may be something as simple as enjoying laughter. (事实上，快乐可能只是享受笑声这样简单的事情。)”是对本段标题的举例说明，证明本段小标题的正确性。故选G。
⑤由本段的小标题“You have the ability to forgive. (你有宽恕的能力。)”可知，本段主要讲述宽恕的重要性以及对我们生活的影响。因此，主旨句应该与宽恕的话题相关。C选项“Forgiveness is important in our daily life. (宽恕在我们的日常生活中很重要。)”与本段主旨相契合。故选C。
28．答案：①-⑤CAEGD
解析：
①根据上文“When we achieve the goals we set for ourselves, we get a boost of confidence.(当我们实现了我们为自己设定的目标时，我们会获得信心的提升)”可知，本句主要承接上文说明实现目标带来的好处。故C选项“它可以改善我们生活的许多方面”符合语境，故选C。
②根据本段内容“Self-discipline is the easiest when things that distract you from your studies are out of sight. If you find yourself disturbed by external distractions like your cell phone, then by all means, turn it off. Nothing is going to happen in the 45 minutes when you are going to sit down to study.(当那些让你分心的事情不在你的视线之内时，自律是最容易的。如果你发现自己受到外界干扰，比如手机，那么无论如何，把它关掉。在你坐下来学习的45分钟里什么也不会发生)”可知，本段的建议是排除让你分心的事情，比如关掉手机，即排除干扰。故A选项“排除干扰”符合语境，故选A。
③根据标题“Give yourself a break(让自己休息)”以及上文“Giving yourself a break doesn’t mean abandoning all self-discipline.(让自己休息一下并不意味着放弃所有的自律)”可知，本段主要建议要安排休息时间，E选项中mini-breaks对应上文break。故E选项“在学习过程中有策略地安排小休息”符合语境，故选E。
④根据上文“If you’ve made it that far, then give yourself a reward.(如果你已经做到了，那就给自己一个奖励吧)”可知，上文提到了奖励，本句为本段最后一句，故说明这么做的好处：你的学习意志力将大大提高。故G选项“通过这样做，你的学习意志力将大大提高”符合语境，故选G。
⑤根据上文“Self-discipline is not a natural thing but a learned skill. Self-discipline comes from the repeated exercise of willpower.(自律不是天生的，而是一种后天习得的技能。自律来自对意志力的反复锻炼)”以及后文“So you can adjust your execution (实施) over and over to get closer to your goal.(所以你可以不断调整你的执行力来接近你的目标)”可知，上文提到了反复锻炼，D选项中mechanical repetition对应上文repeated exercise。故D选项“但是你不会从机械的重复中得到好处”符合语境，故选D。
29．答案：
My Thanks to My English Teacher
I should express my gratitude to my English teacher Mr. Smith in high school, without whom I would not be able to make so much progress.
Mr. Smith influenced me in many ways, of which two are the most important. What comes first is on my health. He invited me to go running in the morning. We kept running for almost two years. Now I feel so happy that I am healthy and strong. What's more, he helped me find my confidence when I was depressed because of poor performance. He asked me to go climbing with him after school. We had a lot of discussion about life, and about people. Gradually I forgot about the unhappiness. Then I succeeded in regaining my confidence.
I will never forget what I got from Mr. Smith. I am very grateful to him and I wish him good luck.
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生以“My Thanks to___” 为题,为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一篇短文。
第一步:审题体裁:应用文时态:根据提示,时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。结构:总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说,把支持句作为分说,并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求:1.感谢的对象;2.感谢的原因。
第二步:列提纲(重点词组)express one's gratitude to; be able to;make so much progress;influence;invite sb.to do sth.;healthy;confidence;depressed;because of;performance;go climbing;have a lot of discussion;forget;;succeed in;grateful
第三步:连词成句
1.I should express my gratitude to my English teacher Mr.Smith in high school,without whom I would not be able to make so much progress.
2.Mr.Smith influenced me in many ways,of which two are the most important.
3.What comes first is on my health.
4.He invited me to go running in the morning.
5.We kept running for almost two years.
6.Now I feel so happy that I am healthy and strong.
7.What's more,he helped me find my confidence when I was depressed because of poor performance.
8.He asked me to go climbing with him after school.
9.We had a lot of discussion about life,and about people.
10.Gradually I forgot about the unhappiness.
11.Then I succeeded in regaining my confidence.
12.I will never forget what I got from Mr.Smith.
13.I am very grateful to him and I wish him good luck.
根据提示及关键词(组) 进行遣词造句,注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步:连句成篇(衔接词)
1.表文章结构顺序:First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second(供参考)
2.表并列补充关系:What is more
3.表转折对比关系:so...that...
4表因果关系:Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,As a result(供参考)连句成文,注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,书写一定要规范清晰。
30．答案：
As we all know, over the past years, floods, earthquakes and sandstorms have happened frequently, such as the earthquake that shook Tangshan on 28 July 1976 and the tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia on 27 December 2004. Therefore, as an individual, what should we do when a natural disaster happens Take the earthquake for example. Relevant measures are as follows.
First of all, we should know the emergency exit of the building in case we can escape to the open air when we could. Furthermore, it is advised that we should stay under the solid objects with hands on heads if we cannot run out. Last but not least, it is necessary for us to learn related knowledge about all kinds of natural disasters.
Because some natural disasters are caused by human activities, it is high time that we human did some things to change. Let’s change words into action!
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封倡议书呼吁大家关注自然灾害并保护环境。
1.词汇积累
导致：cause→lead to
因此：therefore→hence
此外：furthermore→what’s more
各种各样的：all kinds of→varieties of
2.句式拓展
状语从句变强调句
原句：First of all, we should know the emergency exit of the building in case we can escape when we could.
强调句：First of all, it is the emergency exit of the building that we should know in case we can escape when we could.
【高分句型1】Furthermore, it is advised that we should stay under the solid objects with hands on heads if we cannot run out. (运用了虚拟语气，主语从句和条件状语从句)
【高分句型2】Because some of the natural disasters are caused by human activity and the earth is in bad condition, it is high time that we human did some things to change. (运用了原因状语从句和虚拟语气)
31．答案：was assigned；disappointed；smoothly；are；what；enrolled；strength；saying；on；If
解析：①考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子 可知，空处在时间状语从句中作谓语。所给词assign（分 派）和主语I之间是动宾关系，所以从句应用被动语态；由 主句中的was可知，本句为一般过去时，所以从句也应用 一般过去时；从句的主语是I, be动词用was。故填was assigned。
②考查形容词。由语境可知，这里描述的是 “我”的状态，所以应用-ed形式的形容词。故填 disappointed。
③考查副词。空处修饰动词run，作状语，所以 应用副词形式。故填 smoothly。
④考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此句是 There be 句型，主语the motorcycles 为复数概念，且描述的 是一般情况，故填are。
⑤考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的 是一个表语从句，且空处在从句中作主语，指物，所以应用 what引导该从句。故填what。
⑥考查时态。enrol in意为“报名参加”。由 and 可知，空处应和上文中的got在形式上保持一致，所以应用 enrol 的过去式，故填enrolled。
⑦考查名词。空处修饰training,所以应填一个名 词或形容词来修饰。do strength training意为“进行力量训 练”。故填strength。
⑧考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语 动词，所以空处应填所给词的非谓语动词形式，且“(say）something like”作伴随状语，主语与 say之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词形式作状语。故填 saying。
⑨考查介词。“on the way to...”为固定短语，意为“在去……的路上”。故填on。
⑩考查状语从句。分析语境可知，这里指的是“如果时 间允许，我们甚至会把那个人送到医院”。所以应用if引导该条件状语从句。空处位于句首，单词首字母大写。 故填If。
32．答案：①improved②which③have been applied④are⑤scientific⑥forming⑦an⑧and⑨approximately⑩stations
解析：
①考查非谓语动词。句意：13名中国科学家成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰，并成功改善了世界上最高的自动气象站。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为with复合结构，即“with+宾语+非谓语动词”，且station“站”和improve“改善”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词improved。故填improved。
②考查定语从句。句意：科学家们于2022年5月23日中午12点30分左右登顶珠峰，这是自2022年以来中国登山队第二次登顶海拔8000米以上。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为定语从句，修饰前面的主句，且此定语从句中缺少主语，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
③考查动词的时态和语态。句意：最近，作为第二次青藏高原综合科学考察的一部分，共有170名科学家在2023年珠穆朗玛峰考察期间对水、生态和其他活动进行了研究，他们将多项领先技术应用于中国的顶峰任务考察。根据空前的Recently，可知时态需用现在完成时，又因technology“技术”和apply“应用”之间是被动关系，故此处的apply需用现在完成时的被动语态have been applied。故填have been applied。
④考查主谓一致和时态。句意：最近，作为第二次青藏高原综合科学考察的一部分，共有170名科学家在2023年珠穆朗玛峰考察期间对水、生态和其他活动进行了研究，他们将多项领先技术应用于中国的顶峰任务考察。分析句子结构可知，此句是who引导的非限制性定语从句，从句的先行词是scientists，且根据3空用现在完成时和空后的conducting可知，该从句用现在进行时。故填are。
⑤考查形容词。句意：最近，作为第二次青藏高原综合科学考察的一部分，共有170名科学家在2023年珠穆朗玛峰考察期间对水、生态和其他活动进行了研究，他们将多项领先技术应用于中国的顶峰任务考察。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词scientific“科学的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词expedition。故填scientific。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：5月23日凌晨3点，一支由13名科学家组成的探险队从海拔8300米的珠穆朗玛峰营地出发。分析句子结构可知，本空用现在分词forming“构成”，作定语，修饰名词scientists。故填forming。
⑦考查冠词。句意：经过8个小时的攀登，他们在上午11点左右到达了海拔8830米的世界上最高的自动气象观测站。分析句子结构可知，本空填不定冠词表示泛指，用来修饰8-hour-climb，eight是以元音音素开头的，故填不定冠词an，表示“一个”。故填an。
⑧考查连词。句意：科考队加固了固定的钢绳，更换了电池，在空间站安装了风速和风向传感器。分析句子结构可知，wind speed“风速”和direction“方向”是并列关系，故用并列连词and连接。故填and。
⑨考查副词。句意：经过大约一个小时的工作，科学家们成功地完成了自动气象站的维护和升级。副词approximately意为“大约”，一般用于所修饰的数词之前，故用来修饰one hour of work用approximately。故填approximately。
⑩考查名词。句意：目前，珠穆朗玛峰海拔7790米和8300米的自动气象站已经完成了技术升级。通过句子后面的谓语动词have completed，可知，主语需用station的复数形式stations。故填stations。
33．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个小女孩，我最喜欢的事情是读书。A. reading阅读；B. painting绘画；C. exploring探索；D. creating创造。根据后文“I figured I’d be a librarian”以及“I __________ the books in just three days. So to read more, I was _________ about what books to choose.”可知，作者最喜欢的事情是读书。故选A项。
34．答案：D
解析：考查宾语从句引导词词义辨析。句意：当我想到我长大后想做什么时，我想我会成为一名图书管理员，因为这两位图书管理员改变了我的生活。A. how怎样；B. why为什么；C. where在哪里；D. what什么。根据后文“I wanted to be”以及“ I’d be a librarian”可知，此处应用连接代词what引导宾语从句，在从句中作to be的表语，符合句意。故选D项。
35．答案：B
解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：当时，镇里的图书馆规定每人每周只能借两本书。A. of属于……的；B. to到；C. from从；D. between在……之间。limit…to“将……限制在（或控制在）……范围内”是固定搭配。故选B项。
36．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只用了三天就把书读完了。A. published出版；B. edited编辑；C. presented颁发；D. finished完成。根据后文“So to read more, I was _________ about what books to choose.”可知，作者把书读完了。故选D项。
37．答案：C
解析：考查介词固定短语词义辨析。句意：所以要想读更多的书，我不知道该选什么书。A. under the weather身体不适；B. in the air在空中；C. at a loss不知所措，不知如何是好；D. on the rocks濒临失败。根据后文“what books to choose”可知，作者不知道选什么书更好。故选C项。
38．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我走进图书馆，她都面带微笑向我打招呼。A. shouting叫喊；B. smiling微笑；C. crying哭泣；D. dancing跳舞。根据前文“a warm person”可知，她微笑着向作者打招呼。故选B项。
39．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她了解到我的困难时，她经常推荐一些更好的书。A. exchanged交换；B. recommend推荐；C. designed设计；D. adapted适应，改编。根据语境和前文“When learning about my trouble”可知，当她了解到作者选书的困难时，推荐给作者更好的书。故选B项。
40．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于她的帮助，我从这些书中获益良多。A. reflected反应；B. devoted贡献；C. expected期望；D. benefited受益。根据前文“she often _________ some better books.”可知，作者从书中受益。故选D项。
41．答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我对写作产生了兴趣，尤其是诗歌。A. extremely及其；B. fortunately幸运地；C. especially特别是；D. slightly轻微地。根据语境以及后文“my poem was not accepted”以及“some poems I’d written about dinosaurs”可知，作者，喜欢写作，尤其是诗歌。故选C项。
42．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的诗没有被接受时，她用舒适的语言激励我。A. inspired激励；B. challenged挑战；C. contented满足；D. tricked欺骗。根据前文“When my poem was not accepted”和后文“with comfortable words”可知，她用舒适的语言激励失败的作者。故选A项。
43．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，她帮我把我写的几首关于恐龙的诗寄给了《亮点》杂志。A. admit承认；B. send发送；C. revise修改；D. settle解决。根据后文“to Highlights magazine”以及“It was my first published writing!”可知，她帮作者寄出了诗作。故选B项。
44．答案：A
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：后来，在爱荷华大学，虽然我的专业是新闻学，但我的梦想是不同的。A. although虽然；B. because因为；C. when当……时候；D. since自从，因为。根据后文“my dream was different”和“I majored in journalism”之间存在的转折关系可知，用although引导让步状语从句。故选A项。
45．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我对采访别人很害羞，这让我很沮丧。A. relaxed放松的；B. satisfied满意的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. upset沮丧的，不安的。根据前文“I majored in journalism”以及“I was shy about interviewing people”可知，作者的专业是新闻学，但不适合采访别人，这使作者很沮丧。故选D项。
46．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我想起唐顿夫人和凯尔森夫人时，我毫不犹豫地决定投身写作。A. hesitation犹豫；B. tension紧张；C. exception例外；D. argument争论。根据语境和前文“When I recalled Mrs. Tonne and Mrs. Ketelsen”以及后文“And now I am an editor at Reader’s Digest.”可知，作者在两位前辈的鼓励下，毫不犹豫地投身写作。故选A项。
47．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当我想到她们的帮助，我是多么的感激。A. concerned担心的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. grateful感激的；D. regretful遗憾的。根据前文“Whenever I think of the help from them”及后文“It is their kindness that makes me what I am.”可知，作者对她们的帮助，充满感激之情。故选C项。
英语
一、阅读理解
Did you know roughly one third of food for human consumption goes to waste Most of it is fresh fruit and vegetables that go bad. The produce dries out or goes bad, which has led scientists to develop ways of coating or sealing the food to keep it fresher for longer. Now research at Rice University reveals there might be a better way.
Scientists discovered that dipping produce like strawberries and bananas into an egg-based wash is remarkably good for preserving it. The coating is extremely thick, and made from a mixture of powdered egg whites and yolks (蛋黄) (70%)，and some wood-sourced cellulose（纤维素）to act as a barrier preventing water loss.
What the scientists found was that the egg wash made a significant difference in helping produce stay fresh over a two-week observation period. The appearance of the coated fruits and vegetables didn’t change much, while the uncoated produce ripened and even rotted within the same time. The egg-based coating, as it turned out, reduced each fruit’s chance to get exposed to oxygen.
The non-poisonous coating was found to be flexible and tests showed that it was just as tough as other products, including synthetic films(合成膜)，used in produce packaging. For anyone with an egg allergy, the coating can be removed by thorough washing in water and is tasteless.
The scientists hope this could be a breakthrough in the fight against food waste. “Reducing food shortages in ways that are not related to genetic modification, uneatable coatings or chemical additives is important for better sustainable living,” said materials scientist and study author Pulickel Ajayan.
What’s great about this discovery is that it fights food waste in more than one way: even the coating was made from eggs that would otherwise have been discarded because they weren’t fit for consumption. The researchers said roughly 200 million of US produced eggs go to waste annually. So if this were scaled up, it could be a win-win situation all around.
1．How does the egg-based wash help keep food fresh
A. By removing its cellulose slowly.
B. By limiting its oxygen exposure.
C. By improving its absorbent ability.
D. By making its coating less thick.
2．Why is Pulickel Ajayan mentioned in the text
A. To show the significance of the discovery.
B. To stress the seriousness of food shortages.
C. To offer the method of cutting food waste.
D. To give a brief description of the research.
3．What does the underlined word “discarded” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Taken in. B. Eaten up. C. Thrown away. D. Picked out.
4．What is the text mainly about
A. How to use eggs creatively. B. How to recycle food waste.
C. A breakthrough in technology. D. A new way to preserve food.
The British may be made fun of for their weather-related small talk, but a recent study suggests that just four minutes of chatting can reveal aspects of our personality and influence subsequent social interactions.
Researchers divided 338 participants into two groups before meeting in person and asked each participant to complete a personality and IQ test. Within each group, participants were paired and either conversed by text for 4 minutes or had no contact with their partner. Participants were then required to infer aspects of their partner's personality and predict whether they would act cooperatively or selfishly in two money-based strategy games.
The results showed that those who chatted scored higher in predicting their partners' IQ and personality test responses, but were also more likely to project their own personality characteristics onto their partners. "Our research suggests that in just a few minutes of small talk, we begin to form a mental model of the person we're talking to, "says Professor Sgroi.
Participants then met and played with their conversation partner or, in the case of the no-contact group, met and played with strangers.
The researchers then gave each participant &20 and asked them to contribute to a joint pot (罐) shared with their partners, an experiment called the Public Goods Game.
The team says people who have chatted with their partners are more likely to correctly predict their contributions to the pot. In addition, those who chatted beforehand contributed 30% more than those who did not. The results also depended on the relationships they established through small talk.
Georgie Nightingall, the founder of Trigger Conversations, says that small talk is a great way to encourage cooperation in the workplace. "People are bad at small talk because it feels like there is no end to it. It can feel awkward and pointless once you have all the information you need. While asking questions helps build relationships with people, people will be happy to have a chat if you show that you care about others. My advice is to be sincere (真诚) and considerate. "
5．What does the underlined word "reveal" mean in paragraph 1
A.Contribute to. B.Give away. C.Limit. D.Change.
6．What helps conversation partners predict their contributions correctly
A.Their common interests and hobbies.
B.The differences of their personalities.
C.The accurate judgments of each other's IQ.
D.Their previous impressions and connections.
7．What does Nightingall suggest we do to inspire others to communicate with us
A.Avoid asking them questions. B.Share our personal privacy.
C.Show genuine concern for them. D.Start with our strengths and virtues.
8．What's the purpose of this text
A.To present a research outcome. B.To describe a cultural phenomenon.
C.To assess British people's social skills. D.To motivate people to interact by texting.
The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological (气象) Organization (WMO) said on September. However, thanks to improved early warning systems and disaster management, the number of death from these hazards (危险) has been almost three times less.
According to the WMO, from 1970 to 2019, weather, climate and water hazards accounted for 50 percent of all disasters. Among the top 10 hazards that led to the largest loss of human life during this period were droughts, storms, floods and extreme temperatures. However, deaths fell from over 50, 000 in the 1970s to less than 20, 000 in the 2010s.
“Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change,” says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas.
“That means more heat waves, drought and forest fires such as those we have observed recently in Europe and North America. We have more water vapor in the atmosphere, which is worsening extreme rainfall and deadly flooding. The warming of the oceans has affected the frequency and area of existence of the most intense tropical storms.”
“Economic losses are increasing as exposure increases. But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths. Quite simply, we are better than ever before at saving lives,” Taalas said.
9．What do we know from the first paragraph
A. Disasters connected with weather have gone up.
B. The number of weather-related disasters has decreased.
C. The number of deaths from hazards has been increasing.
D. Early warning systems have made disasters decline much.
10．What will happen according to Petteri Taalas
A. There will be more extreme weather.
B. Extreme rainfall will no longer exist.
C. Water vapor in the atmosphere will go down.
D. Humans will defeat extreme weather in the end.
11．What is hopeful behind the bad news
A. Improved warning systems will save economic losses.
B. Economic losses are going down as exposure increases.
C. More lives will be saved thanks to early warning systems.
D. Improved early warning systems will control extreme weather
12．Where may the text be taken from
A. A novel. B. A brochure. C. A magazine. D. A guideline.
Housing officials say that lately they are noticing something different: students seem to lack the will, and the skill, to address ordinary conflicts. "We have students who are mad at each other and they text each other in the same room, "says a teacher. "So many of our conflicts are because kids don't know how to tackle a problem by formal discussion."
And as any pop psychologist will tell you, bottled emotions lead to silent discontent that can boil over into frustration and anger. At the University of Florida, emotional conflicts occur about once a week, the university's director of housing education says. "Over the past five years, roommate conflicts have increased. The students don't have the person-to-person discussions and they don't know how to handle them." The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to catch on, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.
Administrators guess that reliance on cell phones and the Internet may have made it easier for young people to avoid uncomfortable encounters. Why express anger in person when you can vent in a text "Things are posted on someone's wall on Facebook like: Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying, "says Dana Pysz, an assistant director at the University of California, Los Angeles. "It's a different way to express their conflict to each other, consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public." In recent focus groups at North Carolina State University, dorm residents said they would not even confront noisy neighbors on their floor.
Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children's problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. Some parents continue to interfere on campus.
13．What is the main reason for many roommate conflicts
A.Students are not good at reaching an agreement about the problems.
B.Students are not satisfied with each other.
C.Housing directors are not responsible for them.
D.Students are not strong-willed.
14．What can we learn from the second paragraph
A.Students, especially freshmen, should bottle up their dissatisfaction.
B.All students are not able to handle conflicts by the time they graduate.
C.Students in Florida sit down and have a person-to-person talk once a week.
D.The number of conflicts among roommates has decreased during the past five years.
15．What is the attitude of Dana Pysz when he mentions roommates reveal their conflicts in the media
A.Eagerness. B.Indifference. C.Understandable. D.Negative.
16．What should parents do according to the passage
A.They should be involved in their children's life on campus.
B.They should deal with their children's problems in their whole lives.
C.They should constantly contact the administrators of the college.
D.They should teach their children the skills to tackle conflicts.
The marathon runner, born in 1984 in Kenya, has succeeded in running a 42-kilometer marathon in under two hours, which was considered physically impossible. He made the breakthrough in 2019. Now he has won the most male World Marathon Major races, nine in total.
Kipchoge loved running during his childhood. He ran to school, covering 3. 2 km every day. Kipchoge also cycled to the local market, taking several gallons of milk that his family would sell. When he was a teenager, thanks to his neighbor and former Olympic athlete, Sang, Kipchoge took on professional running. Sang became his coach and lifelong friend. With the help of Sang, Kipchoge's training became more and more effective.
Kipchoge has talent. But he is also a "true believer" fighting against himself, always ready to push his own limits. In 2016, at the Rio Olympics, Kipchoge won the gold medal for the marathon with a time of 2:08:44. Only two years later, in 2018, he finished the Berlin Marathon in a time of 2:01:39. The result was not just the fastest Berlin marathon run in history, but also the fastest marathon ever run at the time.
Still, Kipchoge didn't stop. He believed he could go on challenging where no other human had succeeded. At the age of 35, with good preparations, he finished the race in 1:59:40. 20, breaking the two-hour limit. He set the new record and proved to the world that no human is limited.
Though Kipchoge has won so much, he didn't stop running. In 2021, he won the gold medal for Tokyo Olympics male marathon with a time of 2:08:38 and in 2022, the Berlin Marathon 2:01:09.
Apart from his talent as well as working hard, his shoes are also helpful during his running. It is a pair of special ones with a special kind of foam（海绵式橡胶）. They can take in runners’ energy when their feet touch the ground and then return part of the energy to the runners, which helps Kipchoge run faster.
17．What helped Kipchoge start professional training
A. He got support from his family.
B. He ran 3. 2 km to school every day.
C. He became the student of an Olympic athlete.
D. He went cycling to the local market to sell milk.
18．Why did the writer mention the shoes in the last paragraph
A. To show science technology helps sports.
B. To prove success is based on hard work only.
C. To explain energy can stay in the shoes for a long time.
D. To recommend more marathon runners to buy this kind of shoes.
19．Which can1 best describe Kipchoge
A. Talented and hardworking.
B. Friendly and creative.
C. Outgoing and humorous.
D. Shy and energetic.
20．What does Kipchoge's story prove
A. Pride hurts, modesty benefits.
B. Many hands make light work.
C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
D. The longest journey begins with the first step.
In recent fast paced life, the demands and pressures of work left me feeling mentally and physically stressed. I decided to disconnect from my job for a while for a mental break. As a nature lover, without any delay, I came to Borneo, the world’s third largest island.
Upon arrival, a local offered to be my guide, which was a great bonus for me. He led me through the jungle and I was immersed in the exploration. One day, the guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a rough hillside instead. We picked our way gingerly when suddenly, a Rafflesia (大王花) appeared into my view among those stones. More than delighted, I bent down and put my nose practically to feel the flower’s special flavour.
As I was approaching the end of my trip, there was another thing highlighting my trip. We happened to encounter the king of the crocodile (鳄鱼), a saltwater crocodile, which can grow to a length of 6 meters. It was getting dark. When we shone a flashlight towards the muddy shore, little sounds emerged in the darkness as if something unseen underwater had broken the mud. Taking a second look, we spotted two greedy eyes just above the water line. Cautiously, we approached it and finally could figure out it was a baby crocodile. Though alarmed, I could proudly talk big that I had encountered a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to back.
Though I have settled back into the routine of everyday life now, the experience stays long after the physical journey ended. I have learned to face life’s challenges with a renewed outlook. Despite the rat race of daily existence, try to spare time to spot the breathtaking beauty of nature and the heartfelt connections with others. The world out there is so fascinating.
21．Why did the author go to Borneo
A. To connect better with his work.
B. To relieve himself of the pressures.
C. To keep an appointment with a local guide.
D. To reward himself for his promotion in job.
22．What does the underlined word “gingerly” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Patiently. B. Roughly. C. Cautiously. D. Rapidly.
23．What is the tone of the author when recalling the saltwater crocodile he met
A. Critical. B. Instructive. C. Regretful. D. Humorous.
24．What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph
A. Keep a balance between life and work.
B. Battle with challenges from life and work.
C. Research your destinations ahead of time.
D. Learn more about travel safety knowledge.
二、七选五
25．Tips on Increasing Your Memory Power
One of the most common problems today is forgetfulness. Many people are searching for the key to a better memory. ①______
Increase your memory power by using associations.
The first technique to remember the things is the association technique. This includes the use of mnemonics（助记符号）or things similar to a particular word in order to remember what should be memorized. ②______ However, the associations that a person creates himself will help to remember things more easily and more quickly.
Increase your memory power by repetition.
③______ Stimuli（刺激物）are things that stimulate a person to make his brain work. As a person repeatedly acquires stimuli to make his brain work, these stimuli are remembered by the brain. It is like learning words as a child. He applies all the repeated words he has heard during his life.
④______
The third technique is about the application of body movements. By using simple hand gestures while saying a word, a person can remember things that he has forgotten.
There are lots of other ways to increase memory power. However, one must also be aware of the things to be avoided. The first thing that a person must do is to prevent stress. ⑤______ If you follow these techniques on how to increase your memory power, life will be easier for you.
A. In other words, stress must be managed.
B. The second technique is repetition.
C. Increase your memory power by using body movements.
D. A lot of students use these techniques, especially during major exams.
E. Here are several techniques to increase a person’s memory power.
F. There are several mnemonics available to help a person remember things.
G. A person might wonder why he couldn’t remember the details the day before the exam.
26．With a growing number of Native American language immersion(沉浸式) programs in the US, there are many significant emerging benefits.
①_____ This is because they're missing some degree of personal connection to the things they're learning. By introducing them to their native language and perhaps even instructing them in their native language, these children find a personal connection with their learning. ②_____ So for immigrants（移民）or children of immigrants, it's increasingly important to keep some form of connection with one's culture.
There are also many children struggling to fit into their communities or their schools. ③_____For children who are growing up in a different country than they are from, their native language can help them feel more connected to their parents and relatives, those who speak the native language. And it can also help them feel as though they have some form of "home". Having the capacity to think in the native language can serve as a reminder that they always have a “home” to escape to. The “home” may not be a physical place.④_____
The native language not only allows them to communicate and connect with one another, but allows them to understand and appreciate the history of their ancestors and their upbringing.⑤_____ It also helps connect them to their ancestors and culture.
A. But it makes them feel a sense of belonging.
B. Many children lack interest in their education.
C. It may appear to more work than benefit at first.
D. So it cultivates their appreciation and understanding.
E. They feel as though their roots set them apart from other kids.
F. The rewards of using a people's dialect through communication are well worthwhile.
G. This is beyond being beneficial for children, especially those from diverse familial backgrounds.
27．Perhaps you’ve lost your job, or you failed an exam and now you are feeling helpless and defeated. You may feel a bit like a failure. ①_______Here are reasons.
②_______
The reason why you are feeling a bit down is that you haven’t achieved what you want to achieve. However, if you have dreams, your dreams will push you forward. As long as you continue to do that, you always strive to be better.
You have the opportunity to build global friendships.
In today’s day and age, your best friend can literally be five thousand miles away yet you can still experience the beauty of that friendship. You have the ability to know the people around the world now. ③_______ So let’s cheer for your unique ability.
Your happiness is easy to get.
You have the power to choose happiness for your life in everything you do. Your happiness is defined by whether or not you are able to feel and seize an opportunity to feel happy. ④_______
You have the ability to forgive.
⑤_______ Imagine how bitter and unhappy you would be if you did not have the ability to forgive others’ mistakes as well as your own. It would make it nearly impossible to live and move on with life when difficulties arise.
A. You can be better.
B. You have a good try.
C. Forgiveness is important in our daily life.
D. Imagine how you feel when facing difficulties.
E. However, it is quite difficult to do before the 1900s.
F. But I can assure you that you are most definitely not.
G. In fact, happiness may be something as simple as enjoying laughter.
28．Tips for Self-discipline When You Study
Regulating ourselves is incredibly important because it can build self-esteem. When we achieve the goals we set for ourselves, we get a boost of confidence. ①_______. Here are some tips for self-discipline.
②_______
Self-discipline is the easiest when things that distract you from your studies are out of sight. If you find yourself disturbed by external distractions like your cell phone, then by all means, turn it off. Nothing is going to happen in the 45 minutes when you are going to sit down to study.
Give yourself a break
Giving yourself a break doesn’t mean abandoning all self-discipline. ③_______. Set a. watch or timer(not the phone-it is turned off ) for 45 minutes. Study for 45 minutes, making sure that nothing interferes(妨碍) with you. Then, at 45 minutes, take a scheduled 5- to 7-minute break. Appropriate break will enhance your efficiency significantly.
Reward yourself
If you want to be more motivated, you will need something more tangible. So, set up a reward system. It is recommended that setting your timer for 45minutes. If you’ve made it that far, then give yourself a reward. ④_______.
Start with small things
Self-discipline is not a natural thing but a learned skill. Self-discipline comes from the repeated exercise of willpower. ⑤_______. So you can adjust your execution (实施) over and over to get closer to your goal. Start by forcing yourself to study for just 20 minutes with5-minute breaks in between. Then, once that becomes relatively easy, set for 45 minutes.
A. Remove disturbance
B. Do away with perfect timing
C. It can improve many aspects of our lives
D. But you don’t get benefits from mechanical repetition
E. Schedule mini-breaks into your study session strategically
F. You can take time to remove the mess from your study area
G. By doing so, your willpower for studying will be improved greatly
三、书面表达
29．在高中三年的时光里，你一定经历了许多让你感动的人和事。请以 “My thanks to _____” 为题，为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一篇短文。内容包括：
1. 要感谢的对象;
2. 感谢的原因。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 可以适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
30．近年来，地球上的自然灾害越来越频发。假设你校英文报正在征集环保主题征文，请你写一封倡议书进行投稿，呼吁大家关注自然灾害并保护环境。
内容要点应包括:
1.列举自然灾害实例;
2.提出一些必要的防范措施;
3.号召大家采取行动保护地球。
注意: 词数100左右;开头已给出，不计入总词数
As we all know, over the past years, floods, earthquakes and sandstorms have happened frequently.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
四、短文填空
31．At first I didn't want to be a traffic police officer. I wanted to be a criminal police officer. When I ①______ (assign) to the traffic police at the beginning, I was a little ②______ (disappoint) .
Later I found out that traffic police is the most commonly seen on the street, and there is indeed a lot of danger. With our help, traffic problems can be tackled, and life can run ③______ (smooth) .
There ④______ (be) the motorcycles that weigh more than 250 kilograms, still not quite suitable for women. In times like this, my passion for this job is ⑤______ keeps me going. I first got a motorcycle rider's license and ⑥______ (enrol) in a gym to do ⑦______ (strong) training. You have to be able to handle the motorcycle first before riding it.
Various emergencies may occur on the road, such as a pregnant woman or someone else needing to get to the hospital urgently. When we're on duty, if a driver sees us, he or she pulls over and urges us to intervene, ⑧______ (say) something like, "Can you help us get through We're ⑨______ the way to the hospital." We can clear the way right away. ⑩______ time permits, we even get the person to the hospital. Moments like this make me feel very proud.
32．Thirteen Chinese scientists successfully reached the peak of Mount Qomolangma on May 23rd in Southwest China’s Tibet Autonomous Region, with the world’s highest automatic meteorological station successfully①_________ (improve). The scientists reached the peak at around 12:30 p.m. on May 23rd, ②_________was the second time a Chinese expedition to Mount Qomolangma reached an altitude above 8,000 meters since 2022.
Recently, several leading technologies③_________ (apply) in China’s Peak Mission expedition by a total of 170 scientists who④_________ (be) conducting research on water, ecology and other activities during the 2023 expedition to Mount Qomolangma as part of the second comprehensive⑤_________ (science) expedition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
At 3 a.m on May 23rd, a group of 13 scientists⑥_________ (form) the expedition team set off from the 8,300-meter high camp at Mount Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West. After⑦_________8-hour climb, they reached the world’s highest automatic weather observation station at 8,830 meters above sea level around 11 a.m. The team secured fixed steel ropes, replaced batteries, installed a wind speed⑧_________direction sensor at the station. After⑨_________ (approximate) one hour of work, the scientists successfully completed the maintenance and upgrade of the automatic weather station.
Currently, automated weather⑩_________ (station) at 7,790 meters and 8,300 meters on Mount Qomolangma have completed their technical upgrades.
五、完形填空（15空）
There are always some persons in your life who touch your soft heart with kindness.
As a little girl, my favorite thing was 1 . And when I thought about 2 I wanted to be when I grew up, I figured I’d be a librarian, just because the two librarians changed my life.
At that time, the town library limited the number of books a person borrowed 3 two once a week. I 4 the books in just three days. So to read more, I was 5 about what books to choose. The librarian, Mrs. Tonne, was a warm person. Every time I went into the library, she greeted me, 6 . When learning about my trouble, she often 7 some better books. Thanks to her help, I 8 a lot from these books.
Gradually, I developed an interest in writing, 9 poems. When I was in fourth grade, our school librarian, Mrs. Ketelsen, encouraged me to write more. When my poem was not accepted, she 10 me with comfortable words. Once she helped 11 some poems I’d written about dinosaurs to Highlights magazine. It was my first published writing!
Later, at the University of Iowa, 12 I majored in journalism, my dream was different. I realized that I was shy about interviewing people, which made me 13 . When I recalled Mrs. Tonne and Mrs. Ketelsen, I made a decision without 14 to be devoted to writing. And now I am an editor at Reader’s Digest.
Whenever I think of the help from them, how 15 I am. It is their kindness that makes me what I am.
33．A.reading B.painting C.exploring D.creating
34．A.how B.why C.where D.what
35．A.of B.to C.from D.between
36．A.published B.edited C.presented D.finished
37．A.under the weather B.in the air
C.at a loss D.on the rocks
38．A.shouting B.smiling C.crying D.dancing
39．A.exchanged B.recommend C.designed D.adapted
40．A.reflected B.devoted C.expected D.benefited
41．A.extremely B.fortunately C.especially D.slightly
42．A.inspired B.challenged C.contented D.tricked
43．A.admit B.send C.revise D.settle
44．A.although B.because C.when D.since
45．A.relaxed B.satisfied C.impressed D.upset
46．A.hesitation B.tension C.exception D.argument
47．A.concerned B.relieved C.grateful D.regretful
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段The egg-based coating, as it turmed out, reduced each frit's chanme to get exposed to oxygen 可知，它是通过阻止食物与氧气接触来保鲜的。所以选择B项。
2．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段The scientists hope this could be a breakthrough in the fight against food waste. 及Palickel Aiayan所说的内容可推断，文章提到PulickelAjayan旨在说明该发现的意义。所以选择A项。
3．答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后because they weren’t fit for consumption. 可推断，画线词的意思与Thrown away的意思最为接近。所以选择C项。
4．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文、尤其是文章第一段Now research at Rice University reveals there might be a better way.及第二段Scientists discovered that dipping produce like strawberries and bananas into an egg-based wash is remarkably good for preserving it.可知，本文主要介绍了一种保存食物的新方法，即使用含有鸡蛋液的一种混合液体。所以选择D项。
5．答案：B
解析：考查词义猜测。根据第三段中“The results showed that those who chatted scored higher in predicting their partners' IQ and personality test responses...”和“Our research suggests that in just a few minutes of small talk, we begin to form a mental model of the person we're talking to”可知,一项研究 结果表明，通过几分钟的闲聊，我们的性格就会透露出来，并被交谈的另一方知晓。因此 reveal 意为“透露；揭示”， 与give away 意思相近。故选B。
6．答案：D
解析：考查推理判断。根据第三段中“Our research suggests that in just a few minutes of small talk, we begin to form a mental model of the person we're talking to”和倒数第二段中 “The results also depended on the relationships they established through small talk.”可知，通过闲聊，我们得以了解对方的性格等心理特质，从而可以比较准确地预测对方 的行为。由此推断，在闲聊中建立的印象和联系有助于让 预测更为准确。A项“共同的兴趣和爱好”和B项“性格 的不同”在文中未被提及，C项“对于彼此智商的准确判 断”是闲聊的结果，与“预测对方的行为”无关。故选D。
7．答案：C
解析：考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“While asking questions helps build relationships with people, people will be happy to have a chat if you show that you care about others. My advice is to be sincere(真诚）and considerate.”可知, Nightingall建议要真诚并体贴他人，这样才能通过沟通来 与之建立良好的关系。故选C。
8．答案：A
解析：考查写作意图。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项 研究。该研究表明，仅仅四分钟的闲聊就可以揭示我们的 性格，并影响随后的社交互动。文章具体说明了研究的对象、过程和数据来解释这一研究结果。因此，A项“为了呈 现一项研究结果”符合文章的目的。故选A。
9．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句" The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological (气象) Organization (WMO) said on September.（世界气象组织（WMO）9月发布的最新报告称，过去50年来，与天气有关的灾害数量增加了五倍）"可知，与气候相关的灾难增多了。故选A项。
10．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段Petteri Taalas说的话" Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change（由于气候变化，天气、气候和水的极端事件正在增加，并将在世界许多地区变得更加频繁和严重）"可知，Petteri Taalas认为极端天气会增多。故选A项。
11．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段" But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths.（但在统计数据背后隐藏着希望的信息。改进的多灾种早期预警系统使得死亡人数显著减少）"可知，预警系统会拯救更多生命。故选C项。
12．答案：C
解析：文章出处题。根据第三段" says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas.（WMO 秘书长Petteri Taalas说）"和第五段结尾"Taalas said.（Taalas说）"可知，文章引用了世界气象组织官员的话，所以最可能出自电视或广播的专题节目，magazine有"（电视、广播）专题节目"的意思。故选C项。
13．答案：A
解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“So many of our conflicts are because kids don't know how to tackle a problem by formal discussion.”可知，室友之间的许多冲突都源于学生们不擅长协商解决问题，即不擅长对问题达成共识。故选A。
14．答案：B
解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to catch on, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.”可知,有些学 生在毕业时仍然不能处理好冲突。故选B。
15．答案：D
解析：考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“'Things are posted on someone's wall on Facebook like: Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying,' says Dana Pysz, an assistant director at the University of California, Los Angeles. 'It's a different way to express their conflict to each other, consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public. '”可知，Dana Pysz 认为冲突（内容）一旦被公开发 表在社交媒体上，就会引起更多的摩擦，所以他不赞同这种公开冲突的方法。故选D。
16．答案：D
解析：考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children's problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts.”可知，父母们应该教他们 的孩子如何处理冲突。故选D。
17．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三四句“When he was a teenager, thanks to his neighbor and former Olympic athlete, Sang, Kipchoge took on professional running. Sang became his coach and lifelong friend. (十几岁时，多亏了邻居和前奥运会运动员桑，基普乔格开始了职业跑步。桑成为他的教练和终身好友。)”可知，促使他开始职业跑步的是因为他成了一个奥运会运动员的学生。故选C项。
18．答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一二句“Apart from his talent as well as working hard, his shoes are also helpful during his running. It is a pair of special ones with a special kind of foam (海绵式橡胶). (除了他的天赋和努力之外，他的鞋在跑步过程中也很有帮助。这是一对有特殊海绵式橡胶的特殊鞋。)”可知，此段并未提及鞋子的品牌，应该不是为了推荐运动员购买此种鞋，但该鞋由海绵式橡胶制成，应该是科技产物，且给予了基普乔格帮助，因此可知，本段提及鞋是为了显示科技对运动的帮助。故选A项。
19．答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Apart from his talent as well as working hard, his shoes are also helpful during his running. (除了他的天赋和努力之外，他的鞋在跑步过程中也很有帮助。)”可知，作为运动员，他突出的特点就是有天赋和勤奋，故这两个品质最适合用于描述他。故选A项。
20．答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Still, Kipchoge didn't stop. He believed he could go on challenging where no other human had succeeded. At the age of 35, with good preparations, he finished the race in 1:59: 40.20, breaking the two-hour limit. He set the new record and proved to the world that no human is limited. (尽管如此，基普乔格并没有停止。他相信，他可以在其他人都没有成功的地方继续挑战。35岁时，经过充分的准备，他以1分59秒40秒20完成了比赛，打破了两小时的限制。他创造了新的纪录，并向世界证明了没有人是有限的。)”可知，他之所以能打破纪录，是因为他没有止步于自己的成就，乐意继续奔跑，去挑战不可能。故选C项。
21．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“In recent fast paced life, the demands and pressures of work left me feeling mentally and physically stressed. I decided to disconnect from my job for a while for a mental break. As a nature lover, without any delay, I came to Borneo, the world’s third largest island. (在最近快节奏的生活中，工作的要求和压力让我感到身心压力。我决定暂时中断工作，暂时休息一下。作为一名自然爱好者，我毫不拖延地来到了世界第三大岛婆罗洲。)”可知，工作的压力让我感到身心俱疲，于是，作者决定放下工作，好好休息一下，所以作者来到了婆罗洲。故选B。
22．答案： C
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段中“One day, the guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a rough hillside instead. (一天，导游离开了平坦的道路，带我穿过了一个崎岖的山坡。)”可知，这个导游没有走平坦的小路，而是带作者横穿崎岖的山坡。于是，作者小心翼翼地走着。根据语境可知，gingerly意为“谨慎地”。故选C。
23．答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“Though alarmed, I could proudly talk big that I had encountered a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to back. (虽然很惊慌，但我可以骄傲地大张旗鼓地说，我在野外遇到了一只饥饿的鳄鱼，并活了下来。)”可知，作者可以骄傲地吹牛说自己在野外遇到过饥饿的鳄鱼，而且还活了下来。这是一种诙谐的语气。故选D。
24．答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Despite the rat race of daily existence, try to spare time to spot the breathtaking beauty of nature and the heartfelt connections with others. (抛开日常生活的激烈竞争，试着抽出时间去欣赏令人惊叹的大自然之美，与他人建立真诚的联系。) ”可知，人们尽管每天都要忙于奔波，但还是要尽量抽出时间来发现大自然的美，在生活和工作之间保持平衡。故选A。
25．答案：①-⑤EFBCA
解析：①E．推理判断题。根据空格上一句"Many people are searching for the key to a better memory.许多人都在寻找提高记忆力的钥匙。"下文介绍了提高记忆的方法。可知E项Here are several techniques to increase a person's memory power.（以下是几种提高记忆力的方法。）承接上下文符合语境。故选E。
②F．推理判断题。根据空格上一句"This includes the use of mnemonics （助记符号）or things similar to a particular word in order to remember what should be memorized.这包括使用助记符或类似某个单词的东西，以便记住应该记住的东西。"可知F项There are several mnemonics available to help a person remember things.（有几种助记符可以帮助一个人记住事情。）都介绍的是记忆符号的作用，承接上下文符合语境。故选F。
③B．段落大意题。根据空格下一句"As a person repeatedly acquires stimuli to make his brain work，these stimuli are remembered by the brain.当一个人反复获得刺激使他的大脑工作时，这些刺激会被大脑记住。"可知本段主要介绍是重复记忆的作用，B项The second technique is repetition.（第二种技巧是重复。）符合本段主旨。故选B。
④C．段落大意题。根据空格下一句" The third technique is about the application of body movements.第三种技巧是身体动作的运用。"可知C项Increase your memory power by using body movements.（通过身体运动增强你的记忆力。）符合本段主旨。故选C。
⑤A．推理判断题。根据空格上一句"The first thing that a person must do is to prevent stress.一个人必须做的第一件事就是防止压力。"可知A项In other words，stress must be managed.（换句话说，压力必须得到控制。）是同义句，符合语境。故选A。
26．答案：①-⑤ BGEAD
解析：①根据下文“This is because they're missing some degree of personal connection to the things they're learning.”中的 “things they're learning”可联系到B项，因为B项中的关键 信息their education与上述引文相呼应，而且其他选项并 没有可以与上文形成呼应的信息。故选B。
②上文的"By introducing them to their native language and perhaps even instructing them in their native language, these children find a personal connection with their learning."介绍 了美国原住民语言沉浸式项目对孩子们的好处；根据空后 的“So for immigrants(移民）or children of immigrants, it's increasingly important to keep some form of connection with one's culture.”可以联系到G项，即美国原住民语言沉浸式 项目对孩子们是非常有益的，尤其是对于那些来自不同家 庭背景的孩子。G项符合上下文逻辑。故选G。
③根据空前的“There are also many children struggling to fit into their communities or their schools.”可知,空处所填句应接着指出许多孩子正努力成为他们的群体或学校的一分子的原因。E项“他们觉得好像是自己的根脉把他们与 其他孩子区别开来似的。”符合语境，故选E。
④根据上文中的“Having the capacity to think in the native language can serve as a reminder that they always have a 'home' to escape to. The 'home' may not be a physical place.”可知，拥有用母语思考的能力可以提醒在异国长大 的孩子们，他们总是有一个可以逃避进去的“家”，而这个 “家”可能并非一个有形的场所。所以空处应是对“家”做 进一步解释。A项中But表示转折，指虽然这个“家”可能 不是一个客观存在的地方，但是它可以让孩子们有归属 感。而且A项中的“a sense of belonging”与上文中的“not be a physical place”相呼应。故选 A。
⑤根据上文中的"...allows them to understand and appreciate the history of their ancestors and their upbringing." 可知，D项“所以它培养他们的欣赏和理解（能力）。”符合 语境，其中的“appreciation and understanding”与上文中的 “understand and appreciate”相呼应。故选D。
27．答案：①-⑤FAEGC
解析：
①由上文“Perhaps you’ve lost your job, or you failed an exam and now you are feeling helpless and defeated. You may feel a bit like a failure. (也许你失去了工作，或者你没有通过考试，现在你感到无助和失败。)”可知，下文要谈论和“无助和失败”相关话题。B选项“But I can assure you that you are most definitely not.(但我可以向你保证，你绝对不是。)”可以理解为“但我可以向你保证，你绝对不是上面这种情况。”能承接上文，符合题意。本段的功能为总领下文，下文主要介绍了几点“你”并不失败的原因。故选F。
②由下文“The reason why you are feeling a bit down is that you haven’t achieved what you want to achieve. However, if you have dreams, your dreams will push you forward. As long as you continue to do that, you always strive to be better.(你感到沮丧的原因是你还没有达到你想要达到的目标。然而，如果你有梦想，你的梦想会推动你前进。只要你继续这样做，你就会一直努力变得更好。)”可知，本段的主要内容与“只要努力，我们就会一直不断进步，变得更好”相关。A选项“You can be better. (你可以变得更好。)”与本段的内容相契合。故选A。
③由上文“In today’s day and age, your best friend can literally be five thousand miles away yet you can still experience the beauty of that friendship. You have the ability to know the people around the world now. (在今天这个时代，你最好的朋友可以在五千英里之外，但你仍然可以体验到友谊的美好。你现在有能力认识世界各地的人。)”介绍我们如今可以广交朋友，可知下文要谈及和交朋友相关话题。E选项“However, it is quite difficult to do before the 1900s. (然而，在20世纪之前，这是很难做到的。)”，能承接上文。且选项E能解释下文“So let’s cheer for your unique ability. (所以让我们为你独特的能力欢呼吧。)”欢呼的原因。故选E。
④由本段的小标题“Your happiness is easy to get. (你的幸福很容易得到。)”可知，本段介绍我们生活中的幸福是容易获得的，快乐由自己定义和选择。G选项“In fact, happiness may be something as simple as enjoying laughter. (事实上，快乐可能只是享受笑声这样简单的事情。)”是对本段标题的举例说明，证明本段小标题的正确性。故选G。
⑤由本段的小标题“You have the ability to forgive. (你有宽恕的能力。)”可知，本段主要讲述宽恕的重要性以及对我们生活的影响。因此，主旨句应该与宽恕的话题相关。C选项“Forgiveness is important in our daily life. (宽恕在我们的日常生活中很重要。)”与本段主旨相契合。故选C。
28．答案：①-⑤CAEGD
解析：
①根据上文“When we achieve the goals we set for ourselves, we get a boost of confidence.(当我们实现了我们为自己设定的目标时，我们会获得信心的提升)”可知，本句主要承接上文说明实现目标带来的好处。故C选项“它可以改善我们生活的许多方面”符合语境，故选C。
②根据本段内容“Self-discipline is the easiest when things that distract you from your studies are out of sight. If you find yourself disturbed by external distractions like your cell phone, then by all means, turn it off. Nothing is going to happen in the 45 minutes when you are going to sit down to study.(当那些让你分心的事情不在你的视线之内时，自律是最容易的。如果你发现自己受到外界干扰，比如手机，那么无论如何，把它关掉。在你坐下来学习的45分钟里什么也不会发生)”可知，本段的建议是排除让你分心的事情，比如关掉手机，即排除干扰。故A选项“排除干扰”符合语境，故选A。
③根据标题“Give yourself a break(让自己休息)”以及上文“Giving yourself a break doesn’t mean abandoning all self-discipline.(让自己休息一下并不意味着放弃所有的自律)”可知，本段主要建议要安排休息时间，E选项中mini-breaks对应上文break。故E选项“在学习过程中有策略地安排小休息”符合语境，故选E。
④根据上文“If you’ve made it that far, then give yourself a reward.(如果你已经做到了，那就给自己一个奖励吧)”可知，上文提到了奖励，本句为本段最后一句，故说明这么做的好处：你的学习意志力将大大提高。故G选项“通过这样做，你的学习意志力将大大提高”符合语境，故选G。
⑤根据上文“Self-discipline is not a natural thing but a learned skill. Self-discipline comes from the repeated exercise of willpower.(自律不是天生的，而是一种后天习得的技能。自律来自对意志力的反复锻炼)”以及后文“So you can adjust your execution (实施) over and over to get closer to your goal.(所以你可以不断调整你的执行力来接近你的目标)”可知，上文提到了反复锻炼，D选项中mechanical repetition对应上文repeated exercise。故D选项“但是你不会从机械的重复中得到好处”符合语境，故选D。
29．答案：
My Thanks to My English Teacher
I should express my gratitude to my English teacher Mr. Smith in high school, without whom I would not be able to make so much progress.
Mr. Smith influenced me in many ways, of which two are the most important. What comes first is on my health. He invited me to go running in the morning. We kept running for almost two years. Now I feel so happy that I am healthy and strong. What's more, he helped me find my confidence when I was depressed because of poor performance. He asked me to go climbing with him after school. We had a lot of discussion about life, and about people. Gradually I forgot about the unhappiness. Then I succeeded in regaining my confidence.
I will never forget what I got from Mr. Smith. I am very grateful to him and I wish him good luck.
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生以“My Thanks to___” 为题,为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一篇短文。
第一步:审题体裁:应用文时态:根据提示,时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。结构:总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说,把支持句作为分说,并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求:1.感谢的对象;2.感谢的原因。
第二步:列提纲(重点词组)express one's gratitude to; be able to;make so much progress;influence;invite sb.to do sth.;healthy;confidence;depressed;because of;performance;go climbing;have a lot of discussion;forget;;succeed in;grateful
第三步:连词成句
1.I should express my gratitude to my English teacher Mr.Smith in high school,without whom I would not be able to make so much progress.
2.Mr.Smith influenced me in many ways,of which two are the most important.
3.What comes first is on my health.
4.He invited me to go running in the morning.
5.We kept running for almost two years.
6.Now I feel so happy that I am healthy and strong.
7.What's more,he helped me find my confidence when I was depressed because of poor performance.
8.He asked me to go climbing with him after school.
9.We had a lot of discussion about life,and about people.
10.Gradually I forgot about the unhappiness.
11.Then I succeeded in regaining my confidence.
12.I will never forget what I got from Mr.Smith.
13.I am very grateful to him and I wish him good luck.
根据提示及关键词(组) 进行遣词造句,注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步:连句成篇(衔接词)
1.表文章结构顺序:First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second(供参考)
2.表并列补充关系:What is more
3.表转折对比关系:so...that...
4表因果关系:Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,As a result(供参考)连句成文,注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,书写一定要规范清晰。
30．答案：
As we all know, over the past years, floods, earthquakes and sandstorms have happened frequently, such as the earthquake that shook Tangshan on 28 July 1976 and the tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia on 27 December 2004. Therefore, as an individual, what should we do when a natural disaster happens Take the earthquake for example. Relevant measures are as follows.
First of all, we should know the emergency exit of the building in case we can escape to the open air when we could. Furthermore, it is advised that we should stay under the solid objects with hands on heads if we cannot run out. Last but not least, it is necessary for us to learn related knowledge about all kinds of natural disasters.
Because some natural disasters are caused by human activities, it is high time that we human did some things to change. Let’s change words into action!
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封倡议书呼吁大家关注自然灾害并保护环境。
1.词汇积累
导致：cause→lead to
因此：therefore→hence
此外：furthermore→what’s more
各种各样的：all kinds of→varieties of
2.句式拓展
状语从句变强调句
原句：First of all, we should know the emergency exit of the building in case we can escape when we could.
强调句：First of all, it is the emergency exit of the building that we should know in case we can escape when we could.
【高分句型1】Furthermore, it is advised that we should stay under the solid objects with hands on heads if we cannot run out. (运用了虚拟语气，主语从句和条件状语从句)
【高分句型2】Because some of the natural disasters are caused by human activity and the earth is in bad condition, it is high time that we human did some things to change. (运用了原因状语从句和虚拟语气)
31．答案：was assigned；disappointed；smoothly；are；what；enrolled；strength；saying；on；If
解析：①考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子 可知，空处在时间状语从句中作谓语。所给词assign（分 派）和主语I之间是动宾关系，所以从句应用被动语态；由 主句中的was可知，本句为一般过去时，所以从句也应用 一般过去时；从句的主语是I, be动词用was。故填was assigned。
②考查形容词。由语境可知，这里描述的是 “我”的状态，所以应用-ed形式的形容词。故填 disappointed。
③考查副词。空处修饰动词run，作状语，所以 应用副词形式。故填 smoothly。
④考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此句是 There be 句型，主语the motorcycles 为复数概念，且描述的 是一般情况，故填are。
⑤考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的 是一个表语从句，且空处在从句中作主语，指物，所以应用 what引导该从句。故填what。
⑥考查时态。enrol in意为“报名参加”。由 and 可知，空处应和上文中的got在形式上保持一致，所以应用 enrol 的过去式，故填enrolled。
⑦考查名词。空处修饰training,所以应填一个名 词或形容词来修饰。do strength training意为“进行力量训 练”。故填strength。
⑧考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语 动词，所以空处应填所给词的非谓语动词形式，且“(say）something like”作伴随状语，主语与 say之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词形式作状语。故填 saying。
⑨考查介词。“on the way to...”为固定短语，意为“在去……的路上”。故填on。
⑩考查状语从句。分析语境可知，这里指的是“如果时 间允许，我们甚至会把那个人送到医院”。所以应用if引导该条件状语从句。空处位于句首，单词首字母大写。 故填If。
32．答案：①improved②which③have been applied④are⑤scientific⑥forming⑦an⑧and⑨approximately⑩stations
解析：
①考查非谓语动词。句意：13名中国科学家成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰，并成功改善了世界上最高的自动气象站。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为with复合结构，即“with+宾语+非谓语动词”，且station“站”和improve“改善”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词improved。故填improved。
②考查定语从句。句意：科学家们于2022年5月23日中午12点30分左右登顶珠峰，这是自2022年以来中国登山队第二次登顶海拔8000米以上。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为定语从句，修饰前面的主句，且此定语从句中缺少主语，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
③考查动词的时态和语态。句意：最近，作为第二次青藏高原综合科学考察的一部分，共有170名科学家在2023年珠穆朗玛峰考察期间对水、生态和其他活动进行了研究，他们将多项领先技术应用于中国的顶峰任务考察。根据空前的Recently，可知时态需用现在完成时，又因technology“技术”和apply“应用”之间是被动关系，故此处的apply需用现在完成时的被动语态have been applied。故填have been applied。
④考查主谓一致和时态。句意：最近，作为第二次青藏高原综合科学考察的一部分，共有170名科学家在2023年珠穆朗玛峰考察期间对水、生态和其他活动进行了研究，他们将多项领先技术应用于中国的顶峰任务考察。分析句子结构可知，此句是who引导的非限制性定语从句，从句的先行词是scientists，且根据3空用现在完成时和空后的conducting可知，该从句用现在进行时。故填are。
⑤考查形容词。句意：最近，作为第二次青藏高原综合科学考察的一部分，共有170名科学家在2023年珠穆朗玛峰考察期间对水、生态和其他活动进行了研究，他们将多项领先技术应用于中国的顶峰任务考察。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词scientific“科学的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词expedition。故填scientific。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：5月23日凌晨3点，一支由13名科学家组成的探险队从海拔8300米的珠穆朗玛峰营地出发。分析句子结构可知，本空用现在分词forming“构成”，作定语，修饰名词scientists。故填forming。
⑦考查冠词。句意：经过8个小时的攀登，他们在上午11点左右到达了海拔8830米的世界上最高的自动气象观测站。分析句子结构可知，本空填不定冠词表示泛指，用来修饰8-hour-climb，eight是以元音音素开头的，故填不定冠词an，表示“一个”。故填an。
⑧考查连词。句意：科考队加固了固定的钢绳，更换了电池，在空间站安装了风速和风向传感器。分析句子结构可知，wind speed“风速”和direction“方向”是并列关系，故用并列连词and连接。故填and。
⑨考查副词。句意：经过大约一个小时的工作，科学家们成功地完成了自动气象站的维护和升级。副词approximately意为“大约”，一般用于所修饰的数词之前，故用来修饰one hour of work用approximately。故填approximately。
⑩考查名词。句意：目前，珠穆朗玛峰海拔7790米和8300米的自动气象站已经完成了技术升级。通过句子后面的谓语动词have completed，可知，主语需用station的复数形式stations。故填stations。
33．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个小女孩，我最喜欢的事情是读书。A. reading阅读；B. painting绘画；C. exploring探索；D. creating创造。根据后文“I figured I’d be a librarian”以及“I __________ the books in just three days. So to read more, I was _________ about what books to choose.”可知，作者最喜欢的事情是读书。故选A项。
34．答案：D
解析：考查宾语从句引导词词义辨析。句意：当我想到我长大后想做什么时，我想我会成为一名图书管理员，因为这两位图书管理员改变了我的生活。A. how怎样；B. why为什么；C. where在哪里；D. what什么。根据后文“I wanted to be”以及“ I’d be a librarian”可知，此处应用连接代词what引导宾语从句，在从句中作to be的表语，符合句意。故选D项。
35．答案：B
解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：当时，镇里的图书馆规定每人每周只能借两本书。A. of属于……的；B. to到；C. from从；D. between在……之间。limit…to“将……限制在（或控制在）……范围内”是固定搭配。故选B项。
36．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只用了三天就把书读完了。A. published出版；B. edited编辑；C. presented颁发；D. finished完成。根据后文“So to read more, I was _________ about what books to choose.”可知，作者把书读完了。故选D项。
37．答案：C
解析：考查介词固定短语词义辨析。句意：所以要想读更多的书，我不知道该选什么书。A. under the weather身体不适；B. in the air在空中；C. at a loss不知所措，不知如何是好；D. on the rocks濒临失败。根据后文“what books to choose”可知，作者不知道选什么书更好。故选C项。
38．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我走进图书馆，她都面带微笑向我打招呼。A. shouting叫喊；B. smiling微笑；C. crying哭泣；D. dancing跳舞。根据前文“a warm person”可知，她微笑着向作者打招呼。故选B项。
39．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她了解到我的困难时，她经常推荐一些更好的书。A. exchanged交换；B. recommend推荐；C. designed设计；D. adapted适应，改编。根据语境和前文“When learning about my trouble”可知，当她了解到作者选书的困难时，推荐给作者更好的书。故选B项。
40．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于她的帮助，我从这些书中获益良多。A. reflected反应；B. devoted贡献；C. expected期望；D. benefited受益。根据前文“she often _________ some better books.”可知，作者从书中受益。故选D项。
41．答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我对写作产生了兴趣，尤其是诗歌。A. extremely及其；B. fortunately幸运地；C. especially特别是；D. slightly轻微地。根据语境以及后文“my poem was not accepted”以及“some poems I’d written about dinosaurs”可知，作者，喜欢写作，尤其是诗歌。故选C项。
42．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的诗没有被接受时，她用舒适的语言激励我。A. inspired激励；B. challenged挑战；C. contented满足；D. tricked欺骗。根据前文“When my poem was not accepted”和后文“with comfortable words”可知，她用舒适的语言激励失败的作者。故选A项。
43．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，她帮我把我写的几首关于恐龙的诗寄给了《亮点》杂志。A. admit承认；B. send发送；C. revise修改；D. settle解决。根据后文“to Highlights magazine”以及“It was my first published writing!”可知，她帮作者寄出了诗作。故选B项。
44．答案：A
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：后来，在爱荷华大学，虽然我的专业是新闻学，但我的梦想是不同的。A. although虽然；B. because因为；C. when当……时候；D. since自从，因为。根据后文“my dream was different”和“I majored in journalism”之间存在的转折关系可知，用although引导让步状语从句。故选A项。
45．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我对采访别人很害羞，这让我很沮丧。A. relaxed放松的；B. satisfied满意的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. upset沮丧的，不安的。根据前文“I majored in journalism”以及“I was shy about interviewing people”可知，作者的专业是新闻学，但不适合采访别人，这使作者很沮丧。故选D项。
46．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我想起唐顿夫人和凯尔森夫人时，我毫不犹豫地决定投身写作。A. hesitation犹豫；B. tension紧张；C. exception例外；D. argument争论。根据语境和前文“When I recalled Mrs. Tonne and Mrs. Ketelsen”以及后文“And now I am an editor at Reader’s Digest.”可知，作者在两位前辈的鼓励下，毫不犹豫地投身写作。故选A项。
47．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当我想到她们的帮助，我是多么的感激。A. concerned担心的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. grateful感激的；D. regretful遗憾的。根据前文“Whenever I think of the help from them”及后文“It is their kindness that makes me what I am.”可知，作者对她们的帮助，充满感激之情。故选C项。
同课章节目录