北京市通州区2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末质量检测英语试题（Word版含答案）

通州区2023—2024学年第一学期高一年级期末质量检测
英语试卷
2024年1月
本试卷共10页, 共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上, 在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后, 请将答题卡交回。
第一部分: 知识运用 (共两节, 30分)
第一节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On a bright afternoon, Jordan, Mahir and Mahir’s father gathered at the foot of a mountain. “Hey, Jordan, over here!” Jordan’s best friend, Mahir, waved his hand, pointing to a crack in the side of the mountain. “We could 1 this!”
Jordan tied his safety harness (系带) and checked his rope. He weighed one of them in his hand, determining its weight. Then he looked for 2 locations, considering the difficulty of the task. “That crack is 3 narrow. I don’t think we’d get up very high.”
“At the time of a test, a person rises or falls.” said Ghanim, Mahir’s dad. Shaking his head in 4 over the foreign proverb (谚语), Jordan examined the crack. It was nothing more than a sliver in the solid face of the cliff. He shifted in his harness as Mahir gave the proverb his own explaination: “If you’re not reaching the 5 , you’re not trying hard enough.” Jordan recognized the bit of advice from a previous climbing lesson.
His own father’s voice resounded in his thoughts, as if in a half-forgotten dream. “Climb a mountain, son, and you climb the insecurity in your own life. You climb over your shadow, climb over your 6 .” That was five years ago, before the automobile 7 that took his dad’s life. Jordan’s father swiftly turned his car and effectively 8 a car from going over a cliff The sudden move had saved the people in that car. But his father’s car went off a cliff. 9 with the difficult situation, Jordan’s dad had never hesitated before making the decision.
And now Jordan wouldn’t either. 10 on his balance, he took a deep breath and began to climb. Finally, they made it to the peak of the mountain.
1. A. hike B. pack C. climb D. dive
2. A. worthwhile B. possible C. unique D. immediate
3. A. effectively B. conveniently C. amazingly D. unbelievably
4. A. confusion B. awareness C. understanding D. appreciation
5. A. agreement B. destination C. balance D. crack
6. A. shock B. power C. doubt D. struggle
7. A. accident B. journey C. event D. trap
8. A. discouraged B. connected C. pulled D. prevented
9. A. Agreed B. Faced C. Ended D. Gone
10. A. Concentrating B. Depending C. Moved D. Carrying
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place 11 they were safe from the water. In 1961, German engineers moved the first temple. Over the next 20 years, thousands of engineers and 12 (work) rescued 22 temples and countless cultural relics. Fifty countries donated nearly $ 80 million to the project. When the project 13 (end) in 1980, it was considered a great success.
B
The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits. Their habitats were becoming 14 (small) as new roads and railways were built. In order to save this species 15 extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night 16 (keep) them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move 17 (easy) and keep them safe from cars and trains.
C
Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those 18 were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food 19 (bring) into the city by train, truck, and plane. Slowly, the city 20 (begin) to breathe again. Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.
第二部分: 阅读理解 (共两节, 38分)
第一节 (共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Dear Mr Lande Bandarage,
Congratulations! Your application to study Bachelor of Information Technology at Victoria University (VU) has been successful. I’m pleased to offer you the opportunity to study at VU as an international student.
VU has a long history of providing high-quality education, through predecessor (前身) institutions, including the Footscray Technical School which was founded in 1916. In 2016, we proudly celebrated 100 years of history and our 25th anniversary (周年庆) as a university.
Today we have 48,900 students, including over 9,400 students studying a VU course at one of our partner institutions in China, Malaysia, Vietnam and Singapore.
By selecting VU you will study at one of the top 4% of universities in the world. With more than 24,000 alumni (校友) working or residing outside Australia, a qualification from VU will prepare you for an international career.
This document contains important information about your courses including costs and your rights and obligations. If you have any questions about your offer, please email intapps@vu.edu.au.
To accept your offer to study at VU, you must:
1. Read the terms and conditions of this Letter of Offer very carefully,
2. Sign this Letter of Offer in Section 14,
3. Pay the fees in Section 8,
4. Return this whole document to VU.
Please note that if this offer includes one or more conditions for entry into a course, you will not be able to accept it until these conditions have been met. Any conditions are specified in Section 5 of this letter. We look forward to welcoming you to Victoria University.
Yours sincerely,
Dimi Christou
Senior Manager, International Admissions Victoria University
21. What is this text
A. A university offer. B. A course advertisement.
C. An application for a university. D. An invitation to an alumni event.
22. What do we know about VU
A. It has a 100-year history as a university. B. It is among the world’s top universities.
C. It will take in 24,000 international students. D. It has 48,900 students at its partner institutions.
23. How should Lande send his acceptance reply
A. By emailing intapps@vu.edu.au.
B. By reading the terms and writing a new letter to Dimi.
C. By paying the fees and returning the signed document to VU.
D. By providing evidence of his meeting all conditions in Section 8.
B
Chen Guanghui is a guardian for black-necked cranes (黑颈鹤) in the Dashanbao Black-necked Crane National Nature Reserve of Zhaotong city, in southwest China’s Yunnan Province. Whistling is the secret language Chen uses to communicate with the black-necked cranes, a type of migratory bird under first-class protection in China. She says different whistles signal different things. When she whistles in an increasing tone, she tries to tell the cranes: ask your companions to come back for lunch, and they would chirp (吱喳叫) to spread the message right away.
Living near the Dashanbao Nature Reserve, a major winter habitat for the rare species, Chen started to take care of them in 2003, a mission she took over from her mother, whose devotion dates back to the 1990s. “In the first few days, I remembered they ran away as soon as I approached them. I was very upset and asked my mom to come back, and I was worried they would starve,” says Chen. “I first tried everything, even singing folk songs to attract them, but failed. Later, I used special whistles and gradually formed close bond with the cranes.”
“I treat them as if they were my own children, and I’m always concerned about them, especially during snowy days when they can’t get food. I feel uncomfortable and anxious when I hear them chirp and usually rush to prepare com for them.” It’s never been an easy job, and Chen has sustained quite a few injuries over the years, even falling into frozen marsh (沼泽) while trying to save a trapped crane in 2008. However, she never gave up. With love and responsibility, she has persisted in caring for the cranes for about 20 years.
Thanks to the joint protection efforts of Chen and staff members at the nature reserve, now more than 1,900 black-necked cranes overwinter in the area each season every year, up from about 300 when the nature reserve was established.
24. How does Chen Guanghui communicate with black-necked cranes
A. By singing folk songs. B. By making hand gestures.
C. By imitating chirps of birds. D. By blowing special whistles.
25. What do the underlined words “a mission” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Rescuing injured animals. B. Restoring habitats for rare species.
C. Looking after black-necked cranes. D. Building Dashanbao Nature Reserve
26. What can we learn from Chen’s story
A. Efforts bear fruit. B. Virtue is its own reward.
C. Fortune favors the brave. D. A miss is as good as a mile.
C
Have you ever had the feeling that you can’t think when there is too much noise around Did you ever think a fish could experience that feeling too A recent paper published in Science titled “Soundscape (声景) of the Anthropocene Oceans”, combined over 10,000 scientific papers, confirming that undersea life knows that exact same feeling, more often than not. Anthropogenic (人为的) ocean noise, also known as underwater noise pollution, has created a dramatic impact on marine life due to “human-caused” activity within and neighboring our oceans.
Disney Pixar’s animated film Finding Nemo educated us about the ocean, and specifically within the ordinary world of a clown fish. A fact many may not know is that clown fish spend the first part of their lives as larvae (幼体), drifting with the current of the ocean until they become strong enough to swim against it. Once they are powerful and strong, they head home in sheltered coral reefs. There is only one drawback-the fish can’t physically see the reef, but they can hear it. The only problem is, if they can’t hear it, will they ever make it home
Our anthropogenic ocean noise, such as cargo ships, ship and boat propellers (螺旋桨), surfing, deep sea mining, etc. are causing destruction of marine life. According to Time, sound is the sensory signal that travels the farthest through the ocean. Anthropogenic noise drowns out the natural soundscapes, putting marine life under immense stress. Altogether, this stress then affects their general health, disrupts their behavior, physiology, reproduction and, in extreme cases, causes death. Marine life can adapt to noise pollution, however, only if they can escape it. This only renders further complications of forcing species to leave their traditional breeding regions or their families.
Now, what if we told you there is already a solution Multiple solutions, ideas and designs are currently in the works or already exist to reduce and reverse the damage of anthropogenic ocean noise. As Time explains, from wind-powered ships to noise-reducing propellers, floating wind turbines and “bubble curtains” that muffle construction noise, the solutions are already available and in some cases, cost-effective. The authors of the paper hope it will catch the attention of policymakers, who historically speaking, have ignored the matter still to this day.
Of all the challenges ocean creatures are battling, luckily sound pollution is the easiest compromise (妥协方案) humans can make. Once the noise has decreased, marine life will be able to better manage everything else it is up against.
27. What do we know about “Soundscape of the Anthropocene Oceans”
A. It analyses how sound travels in the ocean.
B. It discusses different types of ocean pollution.
C. It explores the effects of noise pollution on sea life.
D. It studies how sea animals communicate with each other.
28. The author mentions clown fish in Paragraph 2 to ________.
A. present their life cycles
B. show how terrible their living conditions are
C. introduce a famous animation about the ocean world
D. stress the importance of natural soundscapes to sea life
29. What does the underlined word “renders” probably mean in Paragraph 3
A. Reduces. B. Causes. C. Solves. D. Prevents.
30. The author writes the article to ________.
A. publicize the knowledge of soundscape
B. regulate human’s activities on the ocean
C. emphasize the importance of animal protection
D. draw people’s attention to anthropogenic ocean noise
D
The issue of how to feed a growing population is a crucial issue for the 21st century. The issue was high on the agenda (当务之急) at the recent United Nations Climate Change Conference in Egypt. According to the UN, by 2050, we will need to produce 60% more food to feed a world population of 9.3 billion.
Cambridge Judge Business School supports a number of businesses which aim to promote sustainable agriculture practices. One of the most important fields is precision (精准) agriculture, the science of improving crop yields and assisting management decisions using the latest technology. Outfield Technologies is targeted at high value fruit farming. Farmers buy their own drones (无人机), and then the Outfield software creates flight plans over the farm and processes the images taken by the drones.
By counting the fruit on branches and measuring trees, farmers can see where to apply fertiliser with greater precision, reducing usage and improving soil sustainability. Outfield’s software can also recommend where to start harvesting to reduce waste and labour costs. The rising cost of labour globally has become a huge issue within the agricultural industry, for reasons including the shortage of backpackers (some of whom become seasonal workers) in New Zealand, and the rise of minimum pay in South Africa.
The data gathered by drones can also predict yields. “Priming” the supply chain ensures a smoother journey from the farm to fruit bowl in your home. When an apple is picked, it is stored in a refrigerated environment for up to six months before being transported to a pack house to be washed, sorted, packaged, before being moved to a delivery centre and finally appearing on supermarket shelves. The chain depends heavily on transportation, but by predicting yields, Outfield aims to reduce waste as traders can predict fruit levels and reduce greenhouse gases caused by refrigerated storage.
Outfield co-founder Oil Hilbourne said, “The agricultural industry needs more investment to change. More money for 5G, education and investment in start-ups.”
31. What does Outfield Technologies do for farmers
A. It offers them free flights.
B. It oversees farms for them.
C. It teaches them about high value fruits.
D. It uses drone-taken images to advertise farms.
32. What labour problems are different countries facing
A. Pay in South Africa is very low.
B. South Africa can’t agree on minimum pay.
C. Backpackers in New Zealand fail to get paid fairly.
D. New Zealand isn’t drawing enough seasonal workers.
33. By gathering data by drone, the Outfield tries to
A. boost the yield of fruit B. make sure the fruit can keep fresh
C. ensure the fruits are transported timely D. provide more convenient services to customers
34. Which would be the best title for the passage
A. The future of farming B. The trend of fruit picking
C. The promising market of high value fruits D. The positive effects of farming on environment
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people enjoy spending their vacations swimming, lying in the sun and staying at luxurious hotels. 35 They head for the country, to one of the numerous United States national parks, and take advantage of the fresh air and many outdoor activities that nature has to offer.
“I’m a successful lawyer from San Francisco,” says Gavin Murphy. “ 36 I usually go to Yosemite National Park, where I sleep in a tent, hike, and enjoy the peace and quiet.”
37 They can go fishing in a cold stream, hiking on a winding nature trail, or biking along scenic paths. At certain times of the year, guided nature walks and interesting lectures on a variety of topics are offered to park guests.
Camping out does have its disadvantages, however. 38 Even after the weather clears up, there’s still lots of mud to deal with. The weather can be quite cold at night, and there are always many mosquitoes (蚊子).
Park rangers (护林员) recommend that visitors watch out for snakes, whose bites can be poisonous. They stress the fact that it is necessary that food be kept packed away, so that an unexpected bear doesn’t pay an unwelcome visit to some surprised guests. 39 “It might be nice to sit by a swimming pool and sip (小口抿) a drink,” says Tanya Rodriguez, a nature lover, “but nature is really so beautiful, and I’ve met such interesting people here. Nothing compares to a vacation like this!”
A. If it rains, there is not much to do.
B. Camping is not really my cup of tea.
C. But every once in a while I like to get back to nature.
D. Some of the visitors have no experience being in the country.
E. Yet, nature lovers continue to visit national parks year after year.
F. But there are countless others who prefer a different kind of holiday.
G. Visitors to national parks have a wide variety of activities to choose from.
第三部分: 书面表达 (共两节, 32分)
第一节 (共6小题; 每小题2分, 共12分)
根据中文句子的意思和给出的提示词语, 完成下列英文句子。将答案写在答题卡指定区域内。
40. 巨大的挑战有时候会带来伟大的解决方案。(challenge, lead to)
41. 如果真想拯救地球, 就必须改变我们的生活方式。(save the planet, change one’s way)
42. 汉字仍然是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。(writing system, Chinese culture)
43. 因其珍贵的羊毛, 藏羚羊 (Tibetan antelope) 正遭受非法猎杀。(hunt illegally, valuable)
44. 如果一个问题对某一个国家来说难度很大, 国际社会有时可提供一个解决方案。(difficult for a single nation, global community)
45. 现代中国人可以阅读古代中国人撰写的经典作品。(modern/ancient times, classic works)
第二节 (20分)
假设你是李华, 你的英国朋友Jim最近开始学习中文, 感觉有些困难, 所以给你写信, 希望你能给他一些学习中文的建议。请你给他写一封电子邮件, 内容包括:
1. 你的建议及理由;
2. 你的祝愿。
注意: 1. 词数100左右, 开头和结尾已经给出, 不计入总词数;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
通州区2023—2024 学年第一学期高一年级期末质量检测
英语参考答案及评分标准 2024年1月
第一部分 知识运用 (共两节, 30分)
第一节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
1-5: CBDAB 6-10: CADBA
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
11. where 12. workers 13. ended 14. smaller 15. from
16. to keep 17. easily 18. who 19. were brought 20. began
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 38分)
第一节 (共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分)
21—25: ABCDC 26—30: ACDBD 31—34: BDCA
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分)
35—39: FCGAE
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节, 32分)
第一节 (共6小题; 每小题2分, 共12分)
40. Big challenges can sometimes lead to great solutions.
41. If we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life.
42. The Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture.
43. Tibetan antelopes are being hunted illegally for their valuable fur.
44. If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the global community can sometimes provide a solution.
45. People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.
(其他正确答案也给分)
One possible version:
Dear Jim,
I’m very happy to hear that you are learning Chinese. And I really understand that you are finding Chinese quite challenging to learn. It’s okay for beginners to meet some troubles. Here are some advice I’d like to give you.
First, I suggest you focus on mastering the basics, such as pinyin and commonly used phrases. This will help you build a strong foundation for further learning.
Another suggestion is to immerse yourself in the language as much as possible. Watch Chinese movies or TV shows, listen to Chinese music, and try to communicate with native speakers. This will not only improve your listening and speaking skills but also give you a better understanding of Chinese culture.
Remember, learning a new language takes time and effort. I wish you all the best in your Chinese learning journey.
Yours,
Li Hua