2024年高考英语二轮复习专题一 四选一阅读 第4讲 题型突破——词句猜测题（共45张PPT）
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| 名称 | 2024年高考英语二轮复习专题一 四选一阅读 第4讲 题型突破——词句猜测题（共45张PPT） |  | |
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(共45张PPT)
四选一阅读
专题一
第4讲
题型突破——词句猜测题
词句猜测题基本上是阅读理解每年必考的题型。此类题型旨在考查考生根据上下文推断单词、短语或句子的本意或外延含义的能力，既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。除了直接命题的生词外，阅读文章时，常常也会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但这类生词的词义大都可以通过上下文推断出来。
技法一 词义猜测题——巧用线索猜词义
词汇含义猜测是一种阅读技巧和能力，主要考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个单词、词组或者句子含义的能力，而这些词和词组往往都超出考纲范围，但在文章阅读中起到一定的作用。由此看来，猜测词句能力的高低直接影响着阅读理解题得分的高低，对能否取得好的高考成绩有着举足轻重的作用。设问方式多以如下形式出现：
1.What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean？
(2023·新课标Ⅰ，29题)
2.What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean？
(2023·新课标Ⅱ，30题)
3.What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph？ (2023·浙江1月，24题)
4.What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7？
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，30题)
一、4种逻辑关系助力词义猜测
下面介绍巧用逻辑关系、语法关系、构词法和上下文语境猜测词汇含义。
In this “book of books”，artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school，with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.Adults are portrayed(描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume，deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago，but they record moments we can all relate to.
真题体验 (2023·新课标Ⅱ·C片段)
30.What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Understand. B.Paint.
C.Seize. D.Transform.
√
词义猜测题。根据第二段尾句“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.”中的but表达的语境可知，这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了我们都能理解的时刻。故画线词意为“理解”。故选A。
二、5种语法关系助力词义猜测
Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY(do-it-yourself).Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture，she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
真题体验 (2023·全国甲·B片段)
24.Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1
A.An artist. B.A winner.
C.A specialist. D.A pioneer.
词义猜测题。 根据画线短语后文对该短语的解释“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture，she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.”可推知，此处指Terri Bolton是一位DIY高手。C项“a specialist”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。
√
三、3种构词法助力词义猜测
例如：A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness，uneasiness，or worry.
分析：根据构词法知识我们可知，un-为否定前缀，-ness为名词后缀，easy(舒适)为词根。因此，我们可知uneasiness为“不安；担忧”之意。
四、上下文语境助力词义猜测
有些词义猜测题找不到以上标志线索，这时我们可以利用上下文提供的情景和线索进行合乎逻辑的综合分析，进而推测词义，这也是近几年来高考考查的热点。
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy：the digital declutter.This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.At the end of the thirty days，you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
真题体验 (2023·新课标Ⅰ·C片段)
29.What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A.Clear-up. B.Add-on.
C.Check-in. D.Take-over.
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.”可推知，画线词“declutter”的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选A。
√
技法二 代词指代题——“就近原则”判指代
代词指代题常出现在人物或事物变换多、动作转换频繁的语境中，考生应根据语境判断人称代词、不定代词和指示代词的指代对象。有时也会考查定语从句中关系代词的指代内容。设问方式多以如下形式出现：
1.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to？
(2020·新课标Ⅰ，29题)
2.What does “I” refer to in the text？
(2019·全国Ⅱ，21题)
解此类试题常用“就近原则”巧判断。解题流程如右：
In the mid-1990s，Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.He left after seven months，physically broken and having lost his mind.A few years later，still attracted to the country，he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
真题体验 (2020·新课标Ⅰ·C片段)
His visit，however，ended up involving a lot more than that.Hence this book，Chasing the Sea：Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia，which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan，where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land，and of the people he meets on his way：Rustam，his translator，a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California，Oleg and Natasha，his hosts in Tashkent，and a string of foreign aid workers.
29.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A.Developing a serious mental disease.
B.Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.
C.Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
D.Writing an article about the Aral Sea.
√
代词指代题。依据代词永远出现在原词之后可知，画线代词指代第一段最后一句的内容，即that指的是“写一篇有关咸海消失的文章”这件事。故选D。
技法三 句意猜测题——意义吻合推句意
高考阅读理解有时会对某一个句子的本意或外延含义进行考查，因此要求考生准确理解前后句所表达的含义，巧解句意猜测题。设问方式多以如下形式出现：
What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean？ (2019·浙江，24题)
句意猜测题要求考生通过阅读文章，用合适的语句对画线句子进行解释性的描述。其解题流程如下：
Money with no strings attached.It’s not something you see every day.But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month，a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read，“Give What You Can，Take What You Need.”
真题体验 (2019·浙江·B片段)
24.What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean
A.Money spent without hesitation.
B.Money not legally made.
C.Money offered without conditions.
D.Money not tied together.
√
句意猜测题。根据下文的内容尤其是木板上写的“Give What You Can，Take What You Need.”可知，钉在木板上的钱是可以随意取的，并不附带任何条件，故选C项。
A
(2023·浙江台州二模)
Alarming levels of dangerous chemicals known as Perfluorinated Alkylated Substances(PFAS) were discovered in food packaging at many well-known fast-food restaurants and grocery store chains，a new report found.
随堂演练
语篇解读
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食品包装中发现了全氟烷基化物质，这已经成为一个备受关注的问题。
Often called “forever chemicals” because they do not break down in the environment，PFAS are used in food packaging to prevent grease(油脂) and water from soaking through food wrappers and cups.PFAS can also be found in the ink used to print logos and instructions on food containers.
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention calls exposure to PFAS a “public health concern”，citing that the human-made chemicals can harm the immune system and reduce a person’s resistance to infectious diseases.
Regulatory limits for how much PFAS food packaging should contain can vary greatly.For instance，a new law in California set the limit at less than 100 ppm.“Compared to America，Denmark sets a much lower regulatory limit of 20 ppm with great success，” said Xenia Trier，an expert at the European Environment Agency.“It does work to set limits and enforce them.PFAS do migrate from the paper into the food.Even though it was not 100%，we still saw considerable transmission.In general，transmission from packaging to food is increased as the temperature of the food rises.It is the same with the time spent in wrapping materials，” Trier told NBS，one of the major American mass-media companies.
In response to the issue，Whole Foods became the first grocery chain to publicly commit to remove PFAS from takeout containers and bakery paper.Many other companies followed suit.Experts say people who want to avoid PFAS in their takeout and food delivery packaging should favor companies that have promised to remove the chemicals.“As soon as you receive your takeout，you’d better take food out of the container immediately，and never reheat food in its original container.Instead，remove your food and heat it in glass containers，” Trier said.
1.What can we learn about PFAS in food packaging
A.They are natural chemicals in food.
B.They do little harm to consumers’ health.
C.They are used to break down the chemicals.
D.They can make wrappers resistant to grease and water.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中“PFAS are used in food packaging to prevent grease(油脂) and water from soaking through food wrappers and cups”可知，食品包装中的PFAS可以使包装防油防水。故选D。
2.What is Xenia Trier’s attitude to setting a lower limit of PFAS
A.Favorable. B.Neutral.
C.Ambiguous. D.Opposed.
√
观点态度题。根据第四段中“‘Compared to America，Denmark sets a much lower regulatory limit of 20 ppm with great success，’ said Xenia Trier”可知，对于设定更低的PFAS下限，Xenia Trier持支持态度。故选A。
3.What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4
A.Considerable migration of grease and water.
B.PFAS transmission from packaging to food.
C.Wrapper exposure to high food temperature.
D.Regulatory limits concerning food packaging.
√
代词指代题。根据第四段中“PFAS do migrate from the paper into the food.Even though it was not 100%，we still saw considerable transmission.”可知，句中it指代上文提及的“PFAS从纸张到食品中的转移”。故选B。
4.What is the main idea of the text
A.Food packaging contains dangerous chemicals.
B.Consumers are recommended to have PFAS-free products.
C.PFAS found in food packaging have become a great concern.
D.The government has taken measures to reduce PFAS exposure.
主旨大意题。综合分析文章可知，本文主要介绍了食品包装中发现了全氟烷基化物质，这已经成为一个备受关注的问题，C项最能概括文章大意。故选C。
√
B
(2023·山东济南一模)
There is nothing quite like enjoying the sights，sounds and culture of a city while tasting a cup of coffee outdoors.But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city.An outdoor cooling system produced by Kinonko，an Israeli(以色列的) company，began to be tested in Tel Aviv.The sweltering city is a perfect place to try the new technology.
语篇解读
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了开始进入测试阶段的一种室外冷却系统，这项新技术有望在2024年投入市场，使人们在炎热的天气下，能够重享在室外喝咖啡的快乐。
With global warming heating up the temperature，it will soon be too hot to sit outside in cafes.While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while，most of them use some sort of water or misting system to cool the air around them，consuming too much water and power.After two years of development，the perfect solution to the problem was found.“We have invented a new generation of air conditioner，” Kinonko CEO Leizer said.
As Leizer introduced，the energy is from the pressure created between liquid nitrogen(氮) and gas nitrogen.When liquid nitrogen at －196 degrees turns into gas，it produces a very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine.It is that mechanical engine that slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.
The technology is unique and amazing.Beyond the coolness of the concept，it also has other advantages.The work unit doesn’t need to be power-driven，and doesn’t blow out harmful warm air as it works.As for the potential price，it will probably be no more expensive than any other air conditioner.In addition，the liquid nitrogen container will need to be replaced every seven to ten days，depending on usage.This makes it an affordable option for all sorts of businesses.The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.
5.What does the underlined word “sweltering” mean in paragraph 1
A.Warm. B.Dry.
C.Hot. D.Freezing.
√
词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city.An outdoor cooling system...began to be tested in Tel Aviv.”可知，这种制冷系统是针对炎热天气研发的，而且将在Tel Aviv进行测试，故这座城市是非常闷热的。画线词sweltering意为“闷热的”。故选C。
6.What problem do the existing outdoor cooling systems have
A.They are wasteful. B.They overheat easily.
C.They often break down. D.They are slow to cool the air.
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while，most of them use some sort of water or misting system to cool the air around them，consuming too much water and power.”可知，现在的室外冷却系统消耗过多的水和电力，是比较浪费的。故选A。
√
7.What does paragraph 3 mainly explain
A.What powers the engine. B.What turns liquid into gas.
C.How the pressure is formed. D.How the new system works.
段落大意题。根据第三段中的“When liquid nitrogen at － 196 degrees turns into gas，it produces a very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine.It is that mechanical engine that slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.”可知，该段主要描述了这种新的冷却系统是如何工作的。故选D。
√
8.What is the purpose of this text
A.To promote a company. B.To settle an energy crisis.
C.To introduce a technology. D.To market a misting system.
写作意图题。根据第一段中的“An outdoor cooling system produced by Kinonko，an Israeli(以色列的) company，began to be tested in Tel Aviv.”和最后一段中的“The technology is unique and amazing.”及“The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.”可推知，本文的主要目的是向人们介绍一种新的室外冷却技术。故选C。
√
本课结束
四选一阅读
专题一
第4讲
题型突破——词句猜测题
词句猜测题基本上是阅读理解每年必考的题型。此类题型旨在考查考生根据上下文推断单词、短语或句子的本意或外延含义的能力，既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。除了直接命题的生词外，阅读文章时，常常也会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但这类生词的词义大都可以通过上下文推断出来。
技法一 词义猜测题——巧用线索猜词义
词汇含义猜测是一种阅读技巧和能力，主要考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个单词、词组或者句子含义的能力，而这些词和词组往往都超出考纲范围，但在文章阅读中起到一定的作用。由此看来，猜测词句能力的高低直接影响着阅读理解题得分的高低，对能否取得好的高考成绩有着举足轻重的作用。设问方式多以如下形式出现：
1.What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean？
(2023·新课标Ⅰ，29题)
2.What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean？
(2023·新课标Ⅱ，30题)
3.What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph？ (2023·浙江1月，24题)
4.What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7？
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，30题)
一、4种逻辑关系助力词义猜测
下面介绍巧用逻辑关系、语法关系、构词法和上下文语境猜测词汇含义。
In this “book of books”，artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school，with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.Adults are portrayed(描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume，deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago，but they record moments we can all relate to.
真题体验 (2023·新课标Ⅱ·C片段)
30.What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Understand. B.Paint.
C.Seize. D.Transform.
√
词义猜测题。根据第二段尾句“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.”中的but表达的语境可知，这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了我们都能理解的时刻。故画线词意为“理解”。故选A。
二、5种语法关系助力词义猜测
Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY(do-it-yourself).Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture，she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
真题体验 (2023·全国甲·B片段)
24.Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1
A.An artist. B.A winner.
C.A specialist. D.A pioneer.
词义猜测题。 根据画线短语后文对该短语的解释“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture，she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.”可推知，此处指Terri Bolton是一位DIY高手。C项“a specialist”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。
√
三、3种构词法助力词义猜测
例如：A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness，uneasiness，or worry.
分析：根据构词法知识我们可知，un-为否定前缀，-ness为名词后缀，easy(舒适)为词根。因此，我们可知uneasiness为“不安；担忧”之意。
四、上下文语境助力词义猜测
有些词义猜测题找不到以上标志线索，这时我们可以利用上下文提供的情景和线索进行合乎逻辑的综合分析，进而推测词义，这也是近几年来高考考查的热点。
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy：the digital declutter.This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.At the end of the thirty days，you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
真题体验 (2023·新课标Ⅰ·C片段)
29.What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A.Clear-up. B.Add-on.
C.Check-in. D.Take-over.
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.”可推知，画线词“declutter”的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选A。
√
技法二 代词指代题——“就近原则”判指代
代词指代题常出现在人物或事物变换多、动作转换频繁的语境中，考生应根据语境判断人称代词、不定代词和指示代词的指代对象。有时也会考查定语从句中关系代词的指代内容。设问方式多以如下形式出现：
1.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to？
(2020·新课标Ⅰ，29题)
2.What does “I” refer to in the text？
(2019·全国Ⅱ，21题)
解此类试题常用“就近原则”巧判断。解题流程如右：
In the mid-1990s，Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.He left after seven months，physically broken and having lost his mind.A few years later，still attracted to the country，he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
真题体验 (2020·新课标Ⅰ·C片段)
His visit，however，ended up involving a lot more than that.Hence this book，Chasing the Sea：Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia，which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan，where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land，and of the people he meets on his way：Rustam，his translator，a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California，Oleg and Natasha，his hosts in Tashkent，and a string of foreign aid workers.
29.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A.Developing a serious mental disease.
B.Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.
C.Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
D.Writing an article about the Aral Sea.
√
代词指代题。依据代词永远出现在原词之后可知，画线代词指代第一段最后一句的内容，即that指的是“写一篇有关咸海消失的文章”这件事。故选D。
技法三 句意猜测题——意义吻合推句意
高考阅读理解有时会对某一个句子的本意或外延含义进行考查，因此要求考生准确理解前后句所表达的含义，巧解句意猜测题。设问方式多以如下形式出现：
What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean？ (2019·浙江，24题)
句意猜测题要求考生通过阅读文章，用合适的语句对画线句子进行解释性的描述。其解题流程如下：
Money with no strings attached.It’s not something you see every day.But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month，a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read，“Give What You Can，Take What You Need.”
真题体验 (2019·浙江·B片段)
24.What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean
A.Money spent without hesitation.
B.Money not legally made.
C.Money offered without conditions.
D.Money not tied together.
√
句意猜测题。根据下文的内容尤其是木板上写的“Give What You Can，Take What You Need.”可知，钉在木板上的钱是可以随意取的，并不附带任何条件，故选C项。
A
(2023·浙江台州二模)
Alarming levels of dangerous chemicals known as Perfluorinated Alkylated Substances(PFAS) were discovered in food packaging at many well-known fast-food restaurants and grocery store chains，a new report found.
随堂演练
语篇解读
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食品包装中发现了全氟烷基化物质，这已经成为一个备受关注的问题。
Often called “forever chemicals” because they do not break down in the environment，PFAS are used in food packaging to prevent grease(油脂) and water from soaking through food wrappers and cups.PFAS can also be found in the ink used to print logos and instructions on food containers.
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention calls exposure to PFAS a “public health concern”，citing that the human-made chemicals can harm the immune system and reduce a person’s resistance to infectious diseases.
Regulatory limits for how much PFAS food packaging should contain can vary greatly.For instance，a new law in California set the limit at less than 100 ppm.“Compared to America，Denmark sets a much lower regulatory limit of 20 ppm with great success，” said Xenia Trier，an expert at the European Environment Agency.“It does work to set limits and enforce them.PFAS do migrate from the paper into the food.Even though it was not 100%，we still saw considerable transmission.In general，transmission from packaging to food is increased as the temperature of the food rises.It is the same with the time spent in wrapping materials，” Trier told NBS，one of the major American mass-media companies.
In response to the issue，Whole Foods became the first grocery chain to publicly commit to remove PFAS from takeout containers and bakery paper.Many other companies followed suit.Experts say people who want to avoid PFAS in their takeout and food delivery packaging should favor companies that have promised to remove the chemicals.“As soon as you receive your takeout，you’d better take food out of the container immediately，and never reheat food in its original container.Instead，remove your food and heat it in glass containers，” Trier said.
1.What can we learn about PFAS in food packaging
A.They are natural chemicals in food.
B.They do little harm to consumers’ health.
C.They are used to break down the chemicals.
D.They can make wrappers resistant to grease and water.
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细节理解题。根据第二段中“PFAS are used in food packaging to prevent grease(油脂) and water from soaking through food wrappers and cups”可知，食品包装中的PFAS可以使包装防油防水。故选D。
2.What is Xenia Trier’s attitude to setting a lower limit of PFAS
A.Favorable. B.Neutral.
C.Ambiguous. D.Opposed.
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观点态度题。根据第四段中“‘Compared to America，Denmark sets a much lower regulatory limit of 20 ppm with great success，’ said Xenia Trier”可知，对于设定更低的PFAS下限，Xenia Trier持支持态度。故选A。
3.What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4
A.Considerable migration of grease and water.
B.PFAS transmission from packaging to food.
C.Wrapper exposure to high food temperature.
D.Regulatory limits concerning food packaging.
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代词指代题。根据第四段中“PFAS do migrate from the paper into the food.Even though it was not 100%，we still saw considerable transmission.”可知，句中it指代上文提及的“PFAS从纸张到食品中的转移”。故选B。
4.What is the main idea of the text
A.Food packaging contains dangerous chemicals.
B.Consumers are recommended to have PFAS-free products.
C.PFAS found in food packaging have become a great concern.
D.The government has taken measures to reduce PFAS exposure.
主旨大意题。综合分析文章可知，本文主要介绍了食品包装中发现了全氟烷基化物质，这已经成为一个备受关注的问题，C项最能概括文章大意。故选C。
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B
(2023·山东济南一模)
There is nothing quite like enjoying the sights，sounds and culture of a city while tasting a cup of coffee outdoors.But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city.An outdoor cooling system produced by Kinonko，an Israeli(以色列的) company，began to be tested in Tel Aviv.The sweltering city is a perfect place to try the new technology.
语篇解读
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了开始进入测试阶段的一种室外冷却系统，这项新技术有望在2024年投入市场，使人们在炎热的天气下，能够重享在室外喝咖啡的快乐。
With global warming heating up the temperature，it will soon be too hot to sit outside in cafes.While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while，most of them use some sort of water or misting system to cool the air around them，consuming too much water and power.After two years of development，the perfect solution to the problem was found.“We have invented a new generation of air conditioner，” Kinonko CEO Leizer said.
As Leizer introduced，the energy is from the pressure created between liquid nitrogen(氮) and gas nitrogen.When liquid nitrogen at －196 degrees turns into gas，it produces a very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine.It is that mechanical engine that slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.
The technology is unique and amazing.Beyond the coolness of the concept，it also has other advantages.The work unit doesn’t need to be power-driven，and doesn’t blow out harmful warm air as it works.As for the potential price，it will probably be no more expensive than any other air conditioner.In addition，the liquid nitrogen container will need to be replaced every seven to ten days，depending on usage.This makes it an affordable option for all sorts of businesses.The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.
5.What does the underlined word “sweltering” mean in paragraph 1
A.Warm. B.Dry.
C.Hot. D.Freezing.
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词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city.An outdoor cooling system...began to be tested in Tel Aviv.”可知，这种制冷系统是针对炎热天气研发的，而且将在Tel Aviv进行测试，故这座城市是非常闷热的。画线词sweltering意为“闷热的”。故选C。
6.What problem do the existing outdoor cooling systems have
A.They are wasteful. B.They overheat easily.
C.They often break down. D.They are slow to cool the air.
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while，most of them use some sort of water or misting system to cool the air around them，consuming too much water and power.”可知，现在的室外冷却系统消耗过多的水和电力，是比较浪费的。故选A。
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7.What does paragraph 3 mainly explain
A.What powers the engine. B.What turns liquid into gas.
C.How the pressure is formed. D.How the new system works.
段落大意题。根据第三段中的“When liquid nitrogen at － 196 degrees turns into gas，it produces a very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine.It is that mechanical engine that slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.”可知，该段主要描述了这种新的冷却系统是如何工作的。故选D。
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8.What is the purpose of this text
A.To promote a company. B.To settle an energy crisis.
C.To introduce a technology. D.To market a misting system.
写作意图题。根据第一段中的“An outdoor cooling system produced by Kinonko，an Israeli(以色列的) company，began to be tested in Tel Aviv.”和最后一段中的“The technology is unique and amazing.”及“The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.”可推知，本文的主要目的是向人们介绍一种新的室外冷却技术。故选C。
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本课结束