人教版（2019） 必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters学案（含答案）
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UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
课前基础自查——上承课前，下启课堂
Ⅰ.单句语法练
1.Everyone should try to reduce amount of salt in our diet.
2.Tickets are available free charge from the school.
3.Please remain seated; the winner of the prize will (announce) soon.
4.With Teachers' Day (approach), our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day.
5.Surround yourself with positive (individual) who challenge you to be better.
6.Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting whose topic is related to traditional Chinese (custom).
Ⅱ.词形变化练
1.As a famous pop star, he loves being by so many fans coming to visit him from the cities. And he also likes beautiful with green trees and flowers.(surround)
2.So for, he his goals, which gives him a wonderful sense of .(achieve)
3.It was that the police had found the of his crime.(evident)
4.In time of war, lots of money will be spent on and many measures will be taken a country from being attacked.(defend)
5.Entering a market, I was warmly by the greengrocer whose cheery made me feel at home.(greet)
Ⅲ.短语拓展练
1.Last week I went to the UK for sightseeing. This trip made me know more about British history. In the 16th century, Wales was joined ① England. Then Scotland. Later, in the 19th century, Ireland was added to create the UK. However, the southern part of Ireland broke away ② the UK, which resulted ③ the full name we have today. The four countries belonging ④ the UK work together in some areas. There is so much to learn about the interesting history and culture of the UK. You must keep your eyes open if you want to make your trip worthwhile and enjoyable.
2.Many people are eager ⑤ experience the countryside of Ireland. Its beautiful countryside has always had a great influence ⑥ its people and traditions. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is pleasing to the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted ⑦ sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make ⑧ the music of the coast. Ireland has developed strong traditions including music, dancing and dining.
Ⅳ.教材句式练
1.They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.(as well as连接两个并列成分)
翻译:
2.They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.(have+宾语+宾语补足语)
翻译:
3.The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.(with+宾语+宾语补足语)
翻译:
课中考点突破——顺承自查，夯实考点
【主题情境】
The Elizabeth Tower,which is commonly known as the Big Ben, is attached to Westminster Palace, Houses of Parliament. It is one of the world's famous Gothic buildings, and a landmark in London and even Britain.伊丽莎白塔,俗称大本钟,是英国议会大厦威斯敏斯特宫的附属钟塔。它是世界上著名的哥特式建筑之一,也是伦敦乃至英国的标志性建筑。
The Great Highland bagpipe is a kind of musical instrument. It is an air sounding instrument using whistles. The structure of Scottish bagpipes consists of blow pipes, bags, chanters and drones.高地风笛是一种乐器,属于使用哨片的气鸣乐器。苏格兰风笛的结构包括吹管、气囊、演奏管与和旋管。
【核心单词】
1.belong vi.属于;归……所有;该在(某处) (belongings n.所有物;财物)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ)If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong the same gym.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
belong to 属于;是……的成员
belong不可用于进行时,也无被动语态,但常用belonging to作后置定语。belong to中的to为介词。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②We had to keep track of our (belong), in case something was lost.
③The book (belong) to Mary is so interesting that we all like it.
④(2023·山东烟台模拟·写作)Paper cutting has a history of over 1,500 years, which .剪纸有1500多年的历史,它属于中国传统艺术。
2.surround vt.包围;围绕 (surrounding adj.周围的 surroundings n.环境)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·浙江1月)The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and well-being, as well as lost opportunities(机会) for children to get to know their local (surround).
二清知识清障(累知识)
surround...with... 用……包围……
be surrounded with/by 被……包围
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②When he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
③Harry tried to run away but gave up when he found himself (surround) by the policemen.
④If you are struggling to resist the temptation, who possess a high degree of self-discipline can help.如果你在努力抵抗诱惑,交一些高度自律的朋友会对你有所帮助。
3.charge vt.& vi.收费;控告;充电 n.收费;主管;指控;电荷
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·天津第一次)He offered to fix bikes free charge for anyone who needed it.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
charge sb with sth因某事控告某人
charge sb (money) for sth向某人索取……的费用
free of charge=for free 免费
take charge of掌管;负责;看管
in charge of往往用人作主语,指“某人负责(主管)某事”;in the charge of往往用物作主语,指“某物由某人主管”。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②I wonder how much you will charge us the six-week course.
③The company is the charge of Tim while the boss is away.
④他不能掌管这个项目,因为这超出了他的能力。(一句多译)
→The programme can't because it is beyond his ability.
→He can't because it is beyond his ability.
4.announce vt.宣布;宣告;声称 (announcement n.公告;宣布)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·浙江1月)As fate(命运) would have it, Dr Gullickson very deliberately matched everyone in class and (announce) that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
announce sth to sb 向某人宣布某事
It is announced that... 据宣布……
make an announcement 发布通知;声明
announce后不跟双宾语,即不能说announce sb sth。类似不接双宾语的动词还有explain、say、report、describe、suggest、mention、express等。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②Encourage readers to use the library. Share library (announce) on your social media.
③Bob announced the good news of his going abroad her.
④ the local government will plan to create 50,000 new jobs.据宣布,当地政府将计划创造五万个新的就业机会。
5.amount n.数量;数目;金额 vi.合计;共计 (近义词:quantity n.数量 sum n.总额)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·全国甲)Clothing takes huge amount of natural resources to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
a large/small amount of 大/少量的
large/small amounts of 大/少量的
in large amounts 大量地
amount to 合计;共计
an amount of、amounts of通常修饰不可数名词,其修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词的数通常根据amount的单复数而定。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②A huge amount of oil (be) on the road yesterday.
③This type of TV has been sold large amounts.
④(2023·重庆一中月考·写作)Even worse, that people eat goes up.更糟的是,人们吃的快餐的数量增加了。
6.approach vt.& vi.接近;靠近;走近;处理 n.接近;方法;途径 (近义词:method,way)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·北京)Recently,I conceptualized a new approach timekeeping that's connected to circumstances on our planet,conditions that might change as a result of global warming.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
an approach to...(做某事的)方法/途径;通往……的道路
at the approach of在快到……的时候
be approaching 正在接近;将要来临
with...approaching 随着……的临近
approach表示“……的方法/途径”时,其后常接介词to;当表示“某人或某物走近”时,其后常接介词of。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
② (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
③All the (approach) to the airport were blocked by the police yesterday.
④(2020·浙江·写作)What's more, with the College Entrance Examination , we are busy making full preparations for it.此外,随着高考的临近,我们都在忙着为高考做充分的准备。
7.eager adj.热切的;渴望的 (eagerness n.热心;渴望 eagerly adv.急切地;渴望地;热心地)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2020·江苏)For one thing, the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager (familiarize) themselves with what is going on in China.
二清知识清障(累知识)
be eager to do sth 渴望/热心做某事
be eager for sth 渴望得到某物
be eager that... 渴望……
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②I wasn't able to hide my (eager) when I asked, “What do you wish me to do now ”
③Some of us were confident and eager (take) part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.
④(2023·东北育才学校月考·写作)The young girl is working hard, for .这个年轻女孩很努力,因为她渴望成功。
8.crowd n.人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使……拥挤 (crowded adj.拥挤的;挤满的)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·全国甲)Well, there's a small park across the street. It's usually not (crowd) at this time of day.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
crowd in (想法、问题等)涌上心头;涌入脑海;挤进
crowd into/out of 挤进/挤出
a crowd of 一群;一伙;一堆
be crowded with... 挤满了……
表示“拥挤的交通”,不用crowded traffic,而用busy/heavy traffic。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②The street was (crowd) and I couldn't get through.
③Look at the train! Passengers (crowd) in.
④(2023·北京海淀模拟·写作)When the ambulance arrived, had gathered there.救护车赶到时,一群人已经聚集在那里。
【短语句式】
9. break away (from sb/sth) 脱离;背叛;逃脱
一清知识清障(累知识)
break up 打碎;分裂;解体;分手;结束
break down 出故障;失败;垮掉;分解;克服
break in 破门而入;打断(谈话等)
break into 强行闯入;突然……起来
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发;发生(无被动语态)
break off 折断;断绝
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①Modern music like jazz has broken away the old traditional rules.
②Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them .
③The two friends have an argument that breaks their friendship forever.
④(2023·湖南岳阳模拟·写作)What can we do to help them 我们能做什么来帮助他们摆脱困境呢
10.as well as 连接两个并列成分
(P40)They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,即米字旗。
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
as well as 用来连接两个并列成分,强调前者;not only... but also...意为“不但……而且……”,强调后者。
当as well as 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词应同前面的主语保持人称和数的一致;而not only...but also... 采用“就近原则”。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①The famous musician, as well as his students, (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the Flower Expo last week.
②I love reading and listening to music, as well writing stories.
③(2023·安徽黄山模拟·写作)我的老师和一些同学喜欢唱京剧。(一句多译)
→My teacher singing Peking Opera.(and)
→My teacher singing Peking Opera.(as well as)
课后应用拓展——源于教材，对标高考
【基础多维巩固】
维度1 词法强化练
1.(2022·全国乙)For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was interpreted as (evident) that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures.
2.(2021·天津)Children who are involved with the arts make greater (achieve) in their education.
3.(2021·全国甲)I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun (set) in the west.
4.(2021·北京)You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the (locate) where you will do your internship.
5.Our teacher gave us a cheery (greet).
6.We need to take a different approach the problem.
7.Surround yourself people who uplift, encourage and understand you.
8.It took great courage to break away his family at that time.
9.You can enjoy matches without joining a club or (belong) to a team.
10.The bus was crowded passengers.
维度2 写作增分练
1.(2023·江西上饶模拟·写作)你愿意加入我们的乒乓球队吗 如果愿意,请尽快给我发邮件。
Would you like to join our table tennis team , please email me as soon as possible.
2.(2023·河北秦皇岛模拟·写作)鸟儿在树上歌唱,放眼望去一片绿色,这让我感到非常愉快和放松。
With birds and everything so green, I feel very delighted and relaxed.
3.在过去的几年里,中国在环保方面取得了巨大的成就。
In the last few years, China .
4.我们可以更多地了解伟人的生活以及其他国家的历史和文化。
We can know more about the life of great people other countries.
5.很显然,这个人在公司受到高度的评价。
the man is highly thought of in the company.
6.学生们没有理解数学老师解答该题的方法。
The students didn't understand .
7.杨利伟作为中国第一个进入太空的宇航员而出名,他被认为是国家英雄。
Yang Liwei, , is regarded as a national hero.
8.青山绿水环抱着这个小村庄,吸引着各方来客。
The small village green mountains and clear rivers, attracting visitors from every corner.
【经典试题拓展】
(2022·全国甲·阅读理解D篇)
主题:重大政治、历史事件、文化渊源
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways—he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I'll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean ” I asked.
“Oh, they're replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot. But that's progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords(口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's
official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can't seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at resolving(解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We've got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It's a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can't help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
Ⅰ.经典考题练
1.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.Sydney's striking architecture.
B.The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C.The key to Sydney's development.
D.Sydney's tourist attractions in the 1960s.
2.What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A.He goes to work by boat.
B.He looks forward to a new life.
C.He pilots catamarans well.
D.He is attached to the old ferries.
3.What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A.It is losing its traditions.
B.It should speed up its progress.
C.It should expand its population.
D.It is becoming more international.
4.Which statement will the author probably agree with
A.A city can be young and old at the same time.
B.A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C.Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D.Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
Ⅱ.高考词汇练
1.积累阅读词汇
(1)significant adj.
(2)discover v.
(3)superb adj.
(4)part v.
(5)elegant adj.
(6)increasingly adv.
(7)attraction n.
2.巧辨熟词生义
(1)shuttle A.n.来往于两地之间的航班
B.v.(在较近的两地之间定时)往返运送 C.v.频繁往来(于两地之间)
I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor.
(2)pilot A.n.飞行员 B.v.领航(船只)
C.vt.驾驶(飞行器)
Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot.
3.活用高频短语
one after another; back and forth; shut down; sweep aside; be confused about
(1)I could see the branches of the trees moving .
(2)The driver the road signs and drove in another direction.
(3)In order to defend the country, young people volunteered to join the army .
(4)In the Industrial Revolution hand weavers by the mechanical loom(织布机).
(5)Schools were closed, public entertainments were , and people everywhere wore masks.
Ⅲ.靓句美篇练
1.难句赏析
(赏结构)Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian①, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings②.
【句意】悉尼的官方历史学家雪莉·菲茨杰拉德告诉我,在20世纪70年代的现代化进程中,悉尼抛弃了许多过去的东西,包括许多精美的建筑。
【赏析】本句为 复合句,主干为 Shirley Fitzgerald told me。①处为Shirley Fitzgerald 的同位语,对其进行补充说明;②处为that引导的 。
【即练】
I truly believe from within.我确信美丽源自内在。
2.写作拓展
假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Terry要来中国体验传统民间艺术,请你给他写一封邮件。内容包括:
1.表示欢迎;
2.推荐一个体验项目;
3.说明理由。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Terry,
I learned that you're coming to China to experience the traditional Chinese folk arts.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
I wish you a pleasant time here.
Yours,
Li Hua
UNIT 4 HISTORY AND
TRADITIONS
课前基础自查
Ⅰ.1.the 2.of 3.be announced 4.approaching 5.individuals 6.customs
Ⅱ.1.surrounded; surrounding; surroundings 2.has achieved; achievement 3.evident; evidence 4.defence; to defend 5.greeted; greeting
Ⅲ.①to ②from ③in ④to ⑤to ⑥on ⑦with ⑧up
Ⅳ.1.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,即米字旗。
2.他们在英格兰各地修建了城堡,并对法律制度进行了修改。
3.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美,郡县草木葱茏,青山连绵起伏,牛羊点缀其中,堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
课中考点突破
核心单词
1.①to ②belongings ③belonging ④belongs to traditional Chinese art
2.①surroundings ②surrounding ③surrounded ④surround yourself with friends
3.①of ②for ③in ④be in the charge of him;take charge of the programme
4.①announced ②announcements ③to ④It has been announced that/It is announced that
5.①a ②was ③in ④the amount of fast food
6.①to ②Approaching ③approaches ④approaching/drawing near/around the corner
7.①to familiarize ②eagerness ③to take ④she is eager for success
8.①crowded ②crowded ③are crowding ④a crowd of people
短语句式
9.①from ②down ③up ④break away from the difficult position
10.①was invited ②as ③and some of my classmates enjoy;as well as some of my classmates enjoys
课后应用拓展
基础多维巩固
维度1
1.evidence 2.achievements 3.setting 4.location 5.greeting
6.to 7.with 8.from 9.belonging 10.with
维度2
1.If so 2.singing in the tree 3.has made great achievements in environmental protection 4.as well as history and cultures of 5.It is evident that 6.the way (that/in which) the maths teacher solved the problem 7.known as the first Chinese astronaut to go to space 8.is surrounded with/by
经典试题拓展
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 作者在与悉尼当地的人交流后,了解了悉尼在现代化发展中所面临的问题。
1.C 主旨题。根据第1段中的“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor.”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city.”可知,本段主要介绍的是悉尼发展的关键是港口。
2.D 细节题。根据第3段中的I'll miss these old boats可知,渡轮领航员Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式渡船。
3.A 推断题。根据倒数第3段中的“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings.”可知,Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化,正在失去它的传统。
4.A 推断题。根据倒数第2段中的“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony.”以及最后一段中的He is right可推知,作者赞同Anthony的观点,认为一座城市可以既年轻又古老。
Ⅱ.
1.(1)有重大意义的;显著的 (2)发现;了解到;认识到 (3)极好的;绝佳的 (4)分别 (5)漂亮雅致的 (6)不断增加地 (7)吸引力;诱惑力
2.(1)C (2)B
3.(1)back and forth (2)was confused about (3)one after another (4)were swept aside (5)shut down
Ⅲ.
1.主从;宾语从句; that beauty comes
2.
Dear Terry,
I learned that you're coming to China to experience the traditional Chinese folk arts. I'm writing to sincerely express my warmest welcome.
There are abundant forms of folk arts throughout the whole country. Among them, paper cutting is a good choice for you, whose themes usually involve everything in local people's daily life.
Paper cutting represents the wisdom of Chinese people. It is not only beautiful but also very useful. People usually put them on doors or windows when they celebrate something delightful, especially for the Spring Festival. With more and more people interested in paper cutting, it enjoys increasingly high popularity.
I wish you a pleasant time here.
Yours,
Li Hua
2
课前基础自查——上承课前，下启课堂
Ⅰ.单句语法练
1.Everyone should try to reduce amount of salt in our diet.
2.Tickets are available free charge from the school.
3.Please remain seated; the winner of the prize will (announce) soon.
4.With Teachers' Day (approach), our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day.
5.Surround yourself with positive (individual) who challenge you to be better.
6.Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting whose topic is related to traditional Chinese (custom).
Ⅱ.词形变化练
1.As a famous pop star, he loves being by so many fans coming to visit him from the cities. And he also likes beautiful with green trees and flowers.(surround)
2.So for, he his goals, which gives him a wonderful sense of .(achieve)
3.It was that the police had found the of his crime.(evident)
4.In time of war, lots of money will be spent on and many measures will be taken a country from being attacked.(defend)
5.Entering a market, I was warmly by the greengrocer whose cheery made me feel at home.(greet)
Ⅲ.短语拓展练
1.Last week I went to the UK for sightseeing. This trip made me know more about British history. In the 16th century, Wales was joined ① England. Then Scotland. Later, in the 19th century, Ireland was added to create the UK. However, the southern part of Ireland broke away ② the UK, which resulted ③ the full name we have today. The four countries belonging ④ the UK work together in some areas. There is so much to learn about the interesting history and culture of the UK. You must keep your eyes open if you want to make your trip worthwhile and enjoyable.
2.Many people are eager ⑤ experience the countryside of Ireland. Its beautiful countryside has always had a great influence ⑥ its people and traditions. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is pleasing to the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted ⑦ sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make ⑧ the music of the coast. Ireland has developed strong traditions including music, dancing and dining.
Ⅳ.教材句式练
1.They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.(as well as连接两个并列成分)
翻译:
2.They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.(have+宾语+宾语补足语)
翻译:
3.The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.(with+宾语+宾语补足语)
翻译:
课中考点突破——顺承自查，夯实考点
【主题情境】
The Elizabeth Tower,which is commonly known as the Big Ben, is attached to Westminster Palace, Houses of Parliament. It is one of the world's famous Gothic buildings, and a landmark in London and even Britain.伊丽莎白塔,俗称大本钟,是英国议会大厦威斯敏斯特宫的附属钟塔。它是世界上著名的哥特式建筑之一,也是伦敦乃至英国的标志性建筑。
The Great Highland bagpipe is a kind of musical instrument. It is an air sounding instrument using whistles. The structure of Scottish bagpipes consists of blow pipes, bags, chanters and drones.高地风笛是一种乐器,属于使用哨片的气鸣乐器。苏格兰风笛的结构包括吹管、气囊、演奏管与和旋管。
【核心单词】
1.belong vi.属于;归……所有;该在(某处) (belongings n.所有物;财物)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ)If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong the same gym.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
belong to 属于;是……的成员
belong不可用于进行时,也无被动语态,但常用belonging to作后置定语。belong to中的to为介词。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②We had to keep track of our (belong), in case something was lost.
③The book (belong) to Mary is so interesting that we all like it.
④(2023·山东烟台模拟·写作)Paper cutting has a history of over 1,500 years, which .剪纸有1500多年的历史,它属于中国传统艺术。
2.surround vt.包围;围绕 (surrounding adj.周围的 surroundings n.环境)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·浙江1月)The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and well-being, as well as lost opportunities(机会) for children to get to know their local (surround).
二清知识清障(累知识)
surround...with... 用……包围……
be surrounded with/by 被……包围
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②When he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
③Harry tried to run away but gave up when he found himself (surround) by the policemen.
④If you are struggling to resist the temptation, who possess a high degree of self-discipline can help.如果你在努力抵抗诱惑,交一些高度自律的朋友会对你有所帮助。
3.charge vt.& vi.收费;控告;充电 n.收费;主管;指控;电荷
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·天津第一次)He offered to fix bikes free charge for anyone who needed it.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
charge sb with sth因某事控告某人
charge sb (money) for sth向某人索取……的费用
free of charge=for free 免费
take charge of掌管;负责;看管
in charge of往往用人作主语,指“某人负责(主管)某事”;in the charge of往往用物作主语,指“某物由某人主管”。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②I wonder how much you will charge us the six-week course.
③The company is the charge of Tim while the boss is away.
④他不能掌管这个项目,因为这超出了他的能力。(一句多译)
→The programme can't because it is beyond his ability.
→He can't because it is beyond his ability.
4.announce vt.宣布;宣告;声称 (announcement n.公告;宣布)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·浙江1月)As fate(命运) would have it, Dr Gullickson very deliberately matched everyone in class and (announce) that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
announce sth to sb 向某人宣布某事
It is announced that... 据宣布……
make an announcement 发布通知;声明
announce后不跟双宾语,即不能说announce sb sth。类似不接双宾语的动词还有explain、say、report、describe、suggest、mention、express等。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②Encourage readers to use the library. Share library (announce) on your social media.
③Bob announced the good news of his going abroad her.
④ the local government will plan to create 50,000 new jobs.据宣布,当地政府将计划创造五万个新的就业机会。
5.amount n.数量;数目;金额 vi.合计;共计 (近义词:quantity n.数量 sum n.总额)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·全国甲)Clothing takes huge amount of natural resources to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
a large/small amount of 大/少量的
large/small amounts of 大/少量的
in large amounts 大量地
amount to 合计;共计
an amount of、amounts of通常修饰不可数名词,其修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词的数通常根据amount的单复数而定。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②A huge amount of oil (be) on the road yesterday.
③This type of TV has been sold large amounts.
④(2023·重庆一中月考·写作)Even worse, that people eat goes up.更糟的是,人们吃的快餐的数量增加了。
6.approach vt.& vi.接近;靠近;走近;处理 n.接近;方法;途径 (近义词:method,way)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·北京)Recently,I conceptualized a new approach timekeeping that's connected to circumstances on our planet,conditions that might change as a result of global warming.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
an approach to...(做某事的)方法/途径;通往……的道路
at the approach of在快到……的时候
be approaching 正在接近;将要来临
with...approaching 随着……的临近
approach表示“……的方法/途径”时,其后常接介词to;当表示“某人或某物走近”时,其后常接介词of。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
② (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
③All the (approach) to the airport were blocked by the police yesterday.
④(2020·浙江·写作)What's more, with the College Entrance Examination , we are busy making full preparations for it.此外,随着高考的临近,我们都在忙着为高考做充分的准备。
7.eager adj.热切的;渴望的 (eagerness n.热心;渴望 eagerly adv.急切地;渴望地;热心地)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2020·江苏)For one thing, the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager (familiarize) themselves with what is going on in China.
二清知识清障(累知识)
be eager to do sth 渴望/热心做某事
be eager for sth 渴望得到某物
be eager that... 渴望……
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②I wasn't able to hide my (eager) when I asked, “What do you wish me to do now ”
③Some of us were confident and eager (take) part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.
④(2023·东北育才学校月考·写作)The young girl is working hard, for .这个年轻女孩很努力,因为她渴望成功。
8.crowd n.人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使……拥挤 (crowded adj.拥挤的;挤满的)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·全国甲)Well, there's a small park across the street. It's usually not (crowd) at this time of day.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
crowd in (想法、问题等)涌上心头;涌入脑海;挤进
crowd into/out of 挤进/挤出
a crowd of 一群;一伙;一堆
be crowded with... 挤满了……
表示“拥挤的交通”,不用crowded traffic,而用busy/heavy traffic。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②The street was (crowd) and I couldn't get through.
③Look at the train! Passengers (crowd) in.
④(2023·北京海淀模拟·写作)When the ambulance arrived, had gathered there.救护车赶到时,一群人已经聚集在那里。
【短语句式】
9. break away (from sb/sth) 脱离;背叛;逃脱
一清知识清障(累知识)
break up 打碎;分裂;解体;分手;结束
break down 出故障;失败;垮掉;分解;克服
break in 破门而入;打断(谈话等)
break into 强行闯入;突然……起来
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发;发生(无被动语态)
break off 折断;断绝
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①Modern music like jazz has broken away the old traditional rules.
②Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them .
③The two friends have an argument that breaks their friendship forever.
④(2023·湖南岳阳模拟·写作)What can we do to help them 我们能做什么来帮助他们摆脱困境呢
10.as well as 连接两个并列成分
(P40)They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,即米字旗。
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
as well as 用来连接两个并列成分,强调前者;not only... but also...意为“不但……而且……”,强调后者。
当as well as 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词应同前面的主语保持人称和数的一致;而not only...but also... 采用“就近原则”。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①The famous musician, as well as his students, (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the Flower Expo last week.
②I love reading and listening to music, as well writing stories.
③(2023·安徽黄山模拟·写作)我的老师和一些同学喜欢唱京剧。(一句多译)
→My teacher singing Peking Opera.(and)
→My teacher singing Peking Opera.(as well as)
课后应用拓展——源于教材，对标高考
【基础多维巩固】
维度1 词法强化练
1.(2022·全国乙)For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was interpreted as (evident) that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures.
2.(2021·天津)Children who are involved with the arts make greater (achieve) in their education.
3.(2021·全国甲)I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun (set) in the west.
4.(2021·北京)You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the (locate) where you will do your internship.
5.Our teacher gave us a cheery (greet).
6.We need to take a different approach the problem.
7.Surround yourself people who uplift, encourage and understand you.
8.It took great courage to break away his family at that time.
9.You can enjoy matches without joining a club or (belong) to a team.
10.The bus was crowded passengers.
维度2 写作增分练
1.(2023·江西上饶模拟·写作)你愿意加入我们的乒乓球队吗 如果愿意,请尽快给我发邮件。
Would you like to join our table tennis team , please email me as soon as possible.
2.(2023·河北秦皇岛模拟·写作)鸟儿在树上歌唱,放眼望去一片绿色,这让我感到非常愉快和放松。
With birds and everything so green, I feel very delighted and relaxed.
3.在过去的几年里,中国在环保方面取得了巨大的成就。
In the last few years, China .
4.我们可以更多地了解伟人的生活以及其他国家的历史和文化。
We can know more about the life of great people other countries.
5.很显然,这个人在公司受到高度的评价。
the man is highly thought of in the company.
6.学生们没有理解数学老师解答该题的方法。
The students didn't understand .
7.杨利伟作为中国第一个进入太空的宇航员而出名,他被认为是国家英雄。
Yang Liwei, , is regarded as a national hero.
8.青山绿水环抱着这个小村庄,吸引着各方来客。
The small village green mountains and clear rivers, attracting visitors from every corner.
【经典试题拓展】
(2022·全国甲·阅读理解D篇)
主题:重大政治、历史事件、文化渊源
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways—he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I'll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean ” I asked.
“Oh, they're replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot. But that's progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords(口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's
official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can't seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at resolving(解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We've got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It's a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can't help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
Ⅰ.经典考题练
1.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.Sydney's striking architecture.
B.The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C.The key to Sydney's development.
D.Sydney's tourist attractions in the 1960s.
2.What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A.He goes to work by boat.
B.He looks forward to a new life.
C.He pilots catamarans well.
D.He is attached to the old ferries.
3.What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A.It is losing its traditions.
B.It should speed up its progress.
C.It should expand its population.
D.It is becoming more international.
4.Which statement will the author probably agree with
A.A city can be young and old at the same time.
B.A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C.Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D.Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
Ⅱ.高考词汇练
1.积累阅读词汇
(1)significant adj.
(2)discover v.
(3)superb adj.
(4)part v.
(5)elegant adj.
(6)increasingly adv.
(7)attraction n.
2.巧辨熟词生义
(1)shuttle A.n.来往于两地之间的航班
B.v.(在较近的两地之间定时)往返运送 C.v.频繁往来(于两地之间)
I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor.
(2)pilot A.n.飞行员 B.v.领航(船只)
C.vt.驾驶(飞行器)
Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot.
3.活用高频短语
one after another; back and forth; shut down; sweep aside; be confused about
(1)I could see the branches of the trees moving .
(2)The driver the road signs and drove in another direction.
(3)In order to defend the country, young people volunteered to join the army .
(4)In the Industrial Revolution hand weavers by the mechanical loom(织布机).
(5)Schools were closed, public entertainments were , and people everywhere wore masks.
Ⅲ.靓句美篇练
1.难句赏析
(赏结构)Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian①, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings②.
【句意】悉尼的官方历史学家雪莉·菲茨杰拉德告诉我,在20世纪70年代的现代化进程中,悉尼抛弃了许多过去的东西,包括许多精美的建筑。
【赏析】本句为 复合句,主干为 Shirley Fitzgerald told me。①处为Shirley Fitzgerald 的同位语,对其进行补充说明;②处为that引导的 。
【即练】
I truly believe from within.我确信美丽源自内在。
2.写作拓展
假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Terry要来中国体验传统民间艺术,请你给他写一封邮件。内容包括:
1.表示欢迎;
2.推荐一个体验项目;
3.说明理由。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Terry,
I learned that you're coming to China to experience the traditional Chinese folk arts.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
I wish you a pleasant time here.
Yours,
Li Hua
UNIT 4 HISTORY AND
TRADITIONS
课前基础自查
Ⅰ.1.the 2.of 3.be announced 4.approaching 5.individuals 6.customs
Ⅱ.1.surrounded; surrounding; surroundings 2.has achieved; achievement 3.evident; evidence 4.defence; to defend 5.greeted; greeting
Ⅲ.①to ②from ③in ④to ⑤to ⑥on ⑦with ⑧up
Ⅳ.1.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,即米字旗。
2.他们在英格兰各地修建了城堡,并对法律制度进行了修改。
3.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美,郡县草木葱茏,青山连绵起伏,牛羊点缀其中,堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
课中考点突破
核心单词
1.①to ②belongings ③belonging ④belongs to traditional Chinese art
2.①surroundings ②surrounding ③surrounded ④surround yourself with friends
3.①of ②for ③in ④be in the charge of him;take charge of the programme
4.①announced ②announcements ③to ④It has been announced that/It is announced that
5.①a ②was ③in ④the amount of fast food
6.①to ②Approaching ③approaches ④approaching/drawing near/around the corner
7.①to familiarize ②eagerness ③to take ④she is eager for success
8.①crowded ②crowded ③are crowding ④a crowd of people
短语句式
9.①from ②down ③up ④break away from the difficult position
10.①was invited ②as ③and some of my classmates enjoy;as well as some of my classmates enjoys
课后应用拓展
基础多维巩固
维度1
1.evidence 2.achievements 3.setting 4.location 5.greeting
6.to 7.with 8.from 9.belonging 10.with
维度2
1.If so 2.singing in the tree 3.has made great achievements in environmental protection 4.as well as history and cultures of 5.It is evident that 6.the way (that/in which) the maths teacher solved the problem 7.known as the first Chinese astronaut to go to space 8.is surrounded with/by
经典试题拓展
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 作者在与悉尼当地的人交流后,了解了悉尼在现代化发展中所面临的问题。
1.C 主旨题。根据第1段中的“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor.”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city.”可知,本段主要介绍的是悉尼发展的关键是港口。
2.D 细节题。根据第3段中的I'll miss these old boats可知,渡轮领航员Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式渡船。
3.A 推断题。根据倒数第3段中的“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings.”可知,Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化,正在失去它的传统。
4.A 推断题。根据倒数第2段中的“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony.”以及最后一段中的He is right可推知,作者赞同Anthony的观点,认为一座城市可以既年轻又古老。
Ⅱ.
1.(1)有重大意义的;显著的 (2)发现;了解到;认识到 (3)极好的;绝佳的 (4)分别 (5)漂亮雅致的 (6)不断增加地 (7)吸引力;诱惑力
2.(1)C (2)B
3.(1)back and forth (2)was confused about (3)one after another (4)were swept aside (5)shut down
Ⅲ.
1.主从;宾语从句; that beauty comes
2.
Dear Terry,
I learned that you're coming to China to experience the traditional Chinese folk arts. I'm writing to sincerely express my warmest welcome.
There are abundant forms of folk arts throughout the whole country. Among them, paper cutting is a good choice for you, whose themes usually involve everything in local people's daily life.
Paper cutting represents the wisdom of Chinese people. It is not only beautiful but also very useful. People usually put them on doors or windows when they celebrate something delightful, especially for the Spring Festival. With more and more people interested in paper cutting, it enjoys increasingly high popularity.
I wish you a pleasant time here.
Yours,
Li Hua
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