人教版（2019） 选择性必修 第一册 Unit 1 People of Achievement学案（含答案）
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UNIT 1 PEOPLE OFACHIEVEMENT
课前基础自查——上承课前，下启课堂
Ⅰ.单句语法练
1.At that time, the government (insist) that the matter should be solved in a peaceful way, not by violence.
2.It's generally (acknowledge) that education shouldn't be measured only by examination results.
3.Although we (encounter) so many problems in our study, we never gave up.
4.I (infer) from the article that the pilot was responsible for the accident.
5. (genius) are supposed to be difficult, eccentric and hopelessly impractical.
6.A key first step in bettering your (evaluate) ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.
Ⅱ.词形变化练
1.It was that he didn't tell us the truth. I came to the that he lied.(conclude)
2.As a , he wrote many which are popular with readers.(novel)
3.A lot of students waste their spare time surfing the Internet;as a ,they often fail to finish their
homework on time. ,most of them do poorly in their grades.Later,in of Tom's laziness,he was not admitted to Nanjing University.(consequent)
4.I could feel the wind blowing through my hair. It was a warm summer breeze.(gentle)
Ⅲ.短语拓展练
1.The Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Tu Youyou in 2015.Tu Youyou has committed herself ① the cause of Chinese Medicine since she graduated ② Peking University Medical School in 1955. After insisting ③ testing the medicine for many years, she and her team succeeded in discovering artemisinin, which proved to be crucial ④ the treatment for malaria.
2.As we all know, Albert Einstein made numerous contributions ⑤ the world. Actually, during the high school, he was outstanding in physics. Out of a strong passion ⑥ knowledge, he continued to study and gradually he became famous throughout the world. Unfortunately, Hitler came to power in 1933. ⑦ a consequence, Einstein had to flee Germany. After spending time in Europe, he finally took ⑧ a position as a researcher in USA.
Ⅳ.教材句式练
1.Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered.(“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句)
翻译:
2.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.”(Upon/On doing... )
翻译:
3.It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen.(It strikes/occurs to/hits sb+从句...)
翻译:
4.He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.(独立主格结构)
翻译:
课中考点突破——顺承自查，夯实考点
【主题情境】
Zhang Guimei, the principal of Huaping High School for Girls, based in Lijiang City, Southwest China's Yunnan Province, has been granted the title “Role Model of the Times” in recognition of her dedication to the education for girls from poor families.位于中国西南部云南省丽江市的华坪女子中学校长张桂梅被授予“时代楷模”的称号,以表彰她对贫困家庭女孩教育的贡献。
Tu Youyou, laureate of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, is recognized for her research into parasitic diseases. She discovered an entirely new anti-malarial treatment, artemisinin, which made possible the treatment of thousands of patients in China in the 1980s. 2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者屠呦呦因其对寄生虫病的研究而获得认可。她发现了一种全新的抗疟疾治疗药物——青蒿素,这使得20世纪80年代中国数千名患者的治疗成为可能。
【核心单词】
1.vital adj.至关重要的;生死攸关的 (vitally adv.极其;绝对)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·浙江1月)Painful experiences are in fact vital our development and how we face the unavoidable challenges ahead and they play a key role in helping us to develop our ability to feel truly happy.
二清知识清障(累知识)
be vital to/for... 对……重要
it is vital to do... 做……是重要的
It is necessary/vital/important that...(should)... 必要/至关重要/重要的是……
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②It is vital that we (take) measures to prevent the disease from spreading.
③As far as I'm concerned, it is vital (raise) people's awareness of environmental protection.
④这件事要保密,这是至关重要的。(一句多译)
→It is absolutely vital that the matter .
→It is absolutely vital .
2.commit vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等) (commitment n.承诺;许诺;献身)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·北京)I decided to commit to (complete) the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature.
二清知识清障(累知识)
commit sb to (doing) sth 使某人承诺(做)某事
commit oneself to (doing) sth 答应(做)某事;致力于做某事
commit suicide/a crime 自杀/犯罪
make a commitment 做出承诺
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②The government committed itself reducing taxes.
③The poor woman made a (commit) that she would take care of her children forever.
④(2023·上海模拟·写作)I would advise students to think very carefully about working on Sundays.我建议学生关于周日兼职工作这点要谨慎考虑。
3.acknowledge vt.承认;确认;答谢 (acknowledgement n.承认;感谢 acknowledged adj.公认的;被普遍认可的 unacknowledged adj.不被承认的)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·全国甲)When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were (acknowledged) and rejected by others.
二清知识清障(累知识)
acknowledge sb/sth to be/as...认为某人/某物是……;承认某人/某物是……
acknowledge doing/having done sth承认做了某事
It is universally acknowledged that...……是大家公认的
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②He is widely acknowledged one of the best writers in the world.
③He finally acknowledged (make) a mistake.
④(2023·河北衡水中学月考·写作) that we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.众所周知,除非我们创造一个污染更少的世界,否则我们不可能看到更蓝的天空。
4.circumstance n.[usually pl.] 条件;环境;状况 (近义词:condition)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·北京)Recently,I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping that's connected to (circumstance) on our planet,conditions that might change as a result of global warming.
二清知识清障(累知识)
in/under no circumstances 决不(置于句首,句子要用倒装语序)
in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下;既然这样
in/under any circumstances 在任何情况下
if circumstances allow/permit 如果情况允许
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②It might not be a perfect solution, but it's the best I can do the circumstances.
③If (circumstance) permit,I will spare no effort to help you.
④(2023·福建德化模考·写作) should youngsters follow negative information on mass media blindly.在任何情况下,青少年都不应该盲目跟从大众媒体上的负面信息。
5.consequence n.结果;后果 (consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的 consequently adv.因此;所以)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·北京)“Only if we discuss the (consequence) of our biophysical limits,” the December warning letter says, “can we have the hope to reduce their speed, severity, and harm.”
二清知识清障(累知识)
as a consequence 因此;结果
as a consequence of 由于
in consequence 因此;结果
in consequence of 由于;作为……的结果
of no consequence 无足轻重
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
② a consequence of his laziness, he was fired by the boss of the company.
③ (consequent), some viewers began to turn away from cinemas, leading to a slower growth.
④(2022·上海青浦模拟·写作) , many efforts to achieve the goal will, like a house of cards,fall at the first shaking.因此,许多为实现这一目标而做出的努力都会像纸牌搭成的房子一样,一晃就倒。
6.conclusion n.结论;推论 (conclude vt.& vi.推断出;断定;结束)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·上海徐汇模拟)Numerous studies have come to the (conclude) that overhead cable trucks,despite the high infrastructure costs,are the most cost-effective option.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
draw/come to/reach a conclusion得出结论
make a conclusion下结论
bring...to a conclusion使……结束
in conclusion最后;总之
conclude sth with...以……结束某事
conclude sth (from sth)=conclude (from sth) that...(从……中)推断出……
表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有in short、in brief、in a word、all in all、to sum up、briefly speaking等。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
② conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable, and readily available form of exercise.
③Over the years I've come to the (conclude) that she's a very great musician.
④After many wild guesses, :It might belong to someone in our neighborhood as only our neighbors wandered into the woods for a walk.经过多次胡乱猜测,我们最终得出了一个结论:它可能是我们邻居的,因为只有我们的邻居才会到树林里散步。
【短语句式】
7.insist on坚持;一定要
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
insist on/upon (doing) sth 坚持要求(做)某事
insist意为“坚持要求;坚持主张”时,后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即动词用(should) do;意为“坚持说;坚持认为”时,其后的从句用陈述语气。
insist既不接不定式,也不接动词-ing形式,遇此情况要用insist on。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①The old man insisted staying with me in the forest that evening.
②I insisted that they (wait) for our return.
③But she insists on us (eat) healthy food. Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food that is provided by Mom with appreciation.
④(2022·新高考Ⅰ·写作)David as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers.大卫坚持跑步,好像他忘记了自己所有的弱点,尽管他在几公里内被绊倒了。
8.take up 占用(时间/空间);继续;开始(从事);接受;拿起
一清知识清障(累知识)
take off 脱掉(衣服等);起飞;事业腾飞;休假
take over 接管;接手
take down 写下;记下;拆除
take in 吸收;接纳;领会;欺骗
take on 呈现;雇用;承担;从事
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①On the contrary, smart phones not only take our valuable time but also do great harm to our health.
②Henry didn't take what he read because his mind was focused on something else.
③(2023·云南楚雄模拟·写作)With the development of the economy, our hometown .随着经济的发展,我们的家乡正呈现出崭新的面貌。
9.“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
(P3)Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.后来,这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了试验,大部分人都康复了。
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
句中的most of whom recovered为“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,其结构一般为:
one/two/several/most/each/all...+of which/whom...
the+n.+of which/whom...
在介词提前的定语从句中,先行词指人时用whom 引导,先行词指物时用which 引导。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of uses it differently.
②Our class is made up of 56 students, all of are friendly and diligent.
③Our class also has problems of its own, is the students' laziness.我们班也有自己的问题,其中最明显的一个问题是学生的懒惰。
课后应用拓展——源于教材，对标高考
【基础多维巩固】
维度1 词法强化练
1.(2022·新高考Ⅰ)Additionally, from time to time, I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of will be graded.
2.(2022·北京)Crystal knew that visions alone don't produce results, but (conclude) that “we'll never produce results that we can't envision”.
3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)It has been 10 years since Youth (found). In my memory, it is Youth that accompanies me through my whole high school.
4.(2021·天津第一次)Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires (commit) to a particular occupation, branch of study or research.
5.(2020·全国Ⅲ)As the small boat moved (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
6.(2020·浙江)I couldn't see Don, but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, (apparent) unhurt, and dashed back to me.
7.It was a pity that we (defeat) in the final last month.
8.When Linda got home, suddenly hit her that she had left her schoolbag in the bus.
9.The weather turned out to be fine, was more than I could expect.
维度2 写作增分练
1.(2023·重庆涪陵模拟·写作)如果我们想在环境保护方面有所作为,重要的一点是我们应该从小事做起。
If we are to make a difference in environmental protection, with small things.
2.(2023·福建厦门二中月考·写作)当我决定接受这份工作时,我完全没有料到会遇到这么多问题。
Under no circumstances that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job.
3.由于努力学习,他在昨天的英语竞赛中得了满分。
, he got full marks in the English contest yesterday.
4.我猛然记起我曾经在一次聚会上见过她。
I once met her at a party.
5.人们都认为她是世界上最优秀的网球选手。
she is the best tennis player in the world.
6.一接到电话,他就从床上跳起来,匆忙出去了。
, he jumped out of the bed and hurried out.
【经典试题拓展】
(2022·全国乙·阅读理解B篇)
主题:小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记等
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff's granddaughter.
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy
would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold.In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden's book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead.A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed(牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism(坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
Ⅰ.经典考题练
1.Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains
A.To write a book.
B.To do sightseeing.
C.To teach in a school.
D.To study American history.
2.What can we learn about the girls from Paragraph 3
A.They enjoyed much respect.
B.They had a room with a bathtub.
C.They lived with the local kids.
D.They suffered severe hardships.
3.Which part of Wickenden's writing is hair-raising
A.The natural beauty of the West.
B.The extreme climate of Auburn.
C.The living conditions in Elkhead.
D.The railroad building in the Rockies.
4.What is the passage
A.A news report. B.A book review.
C.A children's story. D.A diary entry.
Ⅱ.高考词汇练
1.积累阅读词汇
(1)wealthy adj.
(2)settlement n.
(3)instruct v.
(4)unexpected adj.
(5)privacy n.
(6)influence v.
(7)hair-raising adj.
(8)section n.
(9)blinding adj.
2.巧辨熟词生义
(1)undertake A.v.承担;从事 B.v.答应
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
(2)move A.v.移动 B.v.促使(某人做某事)
C.n.行动
The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.
(3)mark A.n.污渍 B.v.做记号 C.v.留下痕迹
The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.
3.活用高频短语
move in; expand on; be replaced by; look down from
(1)For the time being, the face to face school day e-learning.
(2)Everything on the ground looks like tiny toys when you a plane.
(3)As a matter of fact, I got to like the flat we were going to .
(4)In his lecture, our English teacher the uses of the subjunctive mood.
Ⅲ.靓句美篇练
1.难句赏析
(赏结构)So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo.to instruct the children① whose shoes were held together with string② was a surprise.
【句意】所以对她们来说,搬到科罗拉多州埃尔克海德去教那些把鞋子系在一起的孩子是一个惊喜。
【赏析】句子的主干是主系表结构,①处为句子的主语,②处为whose引导的 , 修饰先行词children,表语是 a surprise。
【即练】
Joe worked at a bush school and the roofs of grass.乔在一所灌木学校工作,学校的教室是由竹子建成的,屋顶是用草盖的。
2.写作拓展
假定你是红星中学的一名高三学生李华, 你校英文报正在举办以“The Admirable”为主题的征文活动, 请你根据以下要点写一篇短文投稿:
1.该人物的简介;
2.该人物的主要事迹;
3.该人物的品质。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.标题已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
The Admirable
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
课前基础自查
Ⅰ.1.insisted 2.acknowledged 3.encountered 4.inferred 5.Geniuses 6.evaluation
Ⅱ.1.concluded; conclusion 2.novelist; novels 3.consequence; Consequently; consequence 4.gently; gentle
Ⅲ.①to ②from ③on ④to/for ⑤to ⑥for ⑦As ⑧up
Ⅳ.1.后来,这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了试验,大部分人都康复了。
2.当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说道:“荣誉不止属于我。它还属于我身后的团队,以及祖国的所有人民。”
3.他突然意识到,照片中的其他中国人显然不关心同胞们的遭遇。
4.他为世界做出了许多贡献,其中最著名的是广义相对论和E=mc2公式。
课中考点突破
核心单词
1.①for ②(should) take ③to raise ④(should) be kept secret;for the matter to be kept secret/to keep the matter a secret
2.①completing ②to ③commitment ④committing themselves to
3.①unacknowledged ②as ③having made ④It is acknowledged
4.①circumstances ②under/in ③circumstances ④Under no circumstances
5.①consequences ②As ③Consequently ④As a consequence/In consequence
6.①conclusion ②In ③conclusion ④we finally drew a conclusion
短语句式
7.①on/upon ②(should) wait ③eating ④insisted on running
8.①up ②in ③is taking on a new look
9.①which ②whom ③the most obvious one of which
课后应用拓展
基础多维巩固
维度1
1.which 2.concluded 3.was founded 4.commitment
5.gently 6.apparently 7.were defeated 8.it 9.which
维度2
1.it's vital that we should begin 2.did I expect 3.As a consequence of hark work 4.It hit/struck/occurred to me that
5.It's acknowledged that 6.On/Upon receiving the phone call
经典试题拓展
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文简要介绍了Dorothy Wickenden的一本书并对其进行了评价。
1.C 细节题。根据第1段中的“In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.”可知,Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去那里的学校教书。
2.D 推断题。根据第3段中的“They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.”可知,女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦,她们饱受磨难。
3.D 细节题。根据倒数第2段中的“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.”可知,Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人恐惧的。
4.B 推断题。根据倒数第2段中的“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.”以及最后一段中的“Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.”可知,本文简要介绍了一本书,并对其进行了评价,所以本文是一篇书评。
Ⅱ.
1.(1)富有的 (2)定居点 (3)教授;指示 (4)出乎意料的 (5)隐私 (6)影响 (7)令人寒毛直竖的;令人恐惧的
(8)(书、报等的)节;部分 (9)刺眼的
2.(1)A (2)B (3)C
3.(1)has been replaced by (2)look down from (3)move in (4)expanded on
Ⅲ.
1.定语从句;whose classrooms were made of bamboo
2.
The Admirable
The person I admire is Yuan Longping.
Yuan Longping is a great scientist who devoted all his life to improving the hybrid rice, for which millions of people across the world get rid of starvation. Yuan valued his research as his own life. For decades, bearing all the people's suffering in mind, he worked hard with his team despite the bad research conditions. Even constant failures could not shake his determination or make him give up.
He really deserves everyone's respect.
2
课前基础自查——上承课前，下启课堂
Ⅰ.单句语法练
1.At that time, the government (insist) that the matter should be solved in a peaceful way, not by violence.
2.It's generally (acknowledge) that education shouldn't be measured only by examination results.
3.Although we (encounter) so many problems in our study, we never gave up.
4.I (infer) from the article that the pilot was responsible for the accident.
5. (genius) are supposed to be difficult, eccentric and hopelessly impractical.
6.A key first step in bettering your (evaluate) ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.
Ⅱ.词形变化练
1.It was that he didn't tell us the truth. I came to the that he lied.(conclude)
2.As a , he wrote many which are popular with readers.(novel)
3.A lot of students waste their spare time surfing the Internet;as a ,they often fail to finish their
homework on time. ,most of them do poorly in their grades.Later,in of Tom's laziness,he was not admitted to Nanjing University.(consequent)
4.I could feel the wind blowing through my hair. It was a warm summer breeze.(gentle)
Ⅲ.短语拓展练
1.The Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Tu Youyou in 2015.Tu Youyou has committed herself ① the cause of Chinese Medicine since she graduated ② Peking University Medical School in 1955. After insisting ③ testing the medicine for many years, she and her team succeeded in discovering artemisinin, which proved to be crucial ④ the treatment for malaria.
2.As we all know, Albert Einstein made numerous contributions ⑤ the world. Actually, during the high school, he was outstanding in physics. Out of a strong passion ⑥ knowledge, he continued to study and gradually he became famous throughout the world. Unfortunately, Hitler came to power in 1933. ⑦ a consequence, Einstein had to flee Germany. After spending time in Europe, he finally took ⑧ a position as a researcher in USA.
Ⅳ.教材句式练
1.Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered.(“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句)
翻译:
2.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.”(Upon/On doing... )
翻译:
3.It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen.(It strikes/occurs to/hits sb+从句...)
翻译:
4.He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.(独立主格结构)
翻译:
课中考点突破——顺承自查，夯实考点
【主题情境】
Zhang Guimei, the principal of Huaping High School for Girls, based in Lijiang City, Southwest China's Yunnan Province, has been granted the title “Role Model of the Times” in recognition of her dedication to the education for girls from poor families.位于中国西南部云南省丽江市的华坪女子中学校长张桂梅被授予“时代楷模”的称号,以表彰她对贫困家庭女孩教育的贡献。
Tu Youyou, laureate of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, is recognized for her research into parasitic diseases. She discovered an entirely new anti-malarial treatment, artemisinin, which made possible the treatment of thousands of patients in China in the 1980s. 2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者屠呦呦因其对寄生虫病的研究而获得认可。她发现了一种全新的抗疟疾治疗药物——青蒿素,这使得20世纪80年代中国数千名患者的治疗成为可能。
【核心单词】
1.vital adj.至关重要的;生死攸关的 (vitally adv.极其;绝对)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·浙江1月)Painful experiences are in fact vital our development and how we face the unavoidable challenges ahead and they play a key role in helping us to develop our ability to feel truly happy.
二清知识清障(累知识)
be vital to/for... 对……重要
it is vital to do... 做……是重要的
It is necessary/vital/important that...(should)... 必要/至关重要/重要的是……
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②It is vital that we (take) measures to prevent the disease from spreading.
③As far as I'm concerned, it is vital (raise) people's awareness of environmental protection.
④这件事要保密,这是至关重要的。(一句多译)
→It is absolutely vital that the matter .
→It is absolutely vital .
2.commit vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等) (commitment n.承诺;许诺;献身)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·北京)I decided to commit to (complete) the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature.
二清知识清障(累知识)
commit sb to (doing) sth 使某人承诺(做)某事
commit oneself to (doing) sth 答应(做)某事;致力于做某事
commit suicide/a crime 自杀/犯罪
make a commitment 做出承诺
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②The government committed itself reducing taxes.
③The poor woman made a (commit) that she would take care of her children forever.
④(2023·上海模拟·写作)I would advise students to think very carefully about working on Sundays.我建议学生关于周日兼职工作这点要谨慎考虑。
3.acknowledge vt.承认;确认;答谢 (acknowledgement n.承认;感谢 acknowledged adj.公认的;被普遍认可的 unacknowledged adj.不被承认的)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·全国甲)When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were (acknowledged) and rejected by others.
二清知识清障(累知识)
acknowledge sb/sth to be/as...认为某人/某物是……;承认某人/某物是……
acknowledge doing/having done sth承认做了某事
It is universally acknowledged that...……是大家公认的
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②He is widely acknowledged one of the best writers in the world.
③He finally acknowledged (make) a mistake.
④(2023·河北衡水中学月考·写作) that we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.众所周知,除非我们创造一个污染更少的世界,否则我们不可能看到更蓝的天空。
4.circumstance n.[usually pl.] 条件;环境;状况 (近义词:condition)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·北京)Recently,I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping that's connected to (circumstance) on our planet,conditions that might change as a result of global warming.
二清知识清障(累知识)
in/under no circumstances 决不(置于句首,句子要用倒装语序)
in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下;既然这样
in/under any circumstances 在任何情况下
if circumstances allow/permit 如果情况允许
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②It might not be a perfect solution, but it's the best I can do the circumstances.
③If (circumstance) permit,I will spare no effort to help you.
④(2023·福建德化模考·写作) should youngsters follow negative information on mass media blindly.在任何情况下,青少年都不应该盲目跟从大众媒体上的负面信息。
5.consequence n.结果;后果 (consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的 consequently adv.因此;所以)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·北京)“Only if we discuss the (consequence) of our biophysical limits,” the December warning letter says, “can we have the hope to reduce their speed, severity, and harm.”
二清知识清障(累知识)
as a consequence 因此;结果
as a consequence of 由于
in consequence 因此;结果
in consequence of 由于;作为……的结果
of no consequence 无足轻重
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
② a consequence of his laziness, he was fired by the boss of the company.
③ (consequent), some viewers began to turn away from cinemas, leading to a slower growth.
④(2022·上海青浦模拟·写作) , many efforts to achieve the goal will, like a house of cards,fall at the first shaking.因此,许多为实现这一目标而做出的努力都会像纸牌搭成的房子一样,一晃就倒。
6.conclusion n.结论;推论 (conclude vt.& vi.推断出;断定;结束)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·上海徐汇模拟)Numerous studies have come to the (conclude) that overhead cable trucks,despite the high infrastructure costs,are the most cost-effective option.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
draw/come to/reach a conclusion得出结论
make a conclusion下结论
bring...to a conclusion使……结束
in conclusion最后;总之
conclude sth with...以……结束某事
conclude sth (from sth)=conclude (from sth) that...(从……中)推断出……
表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有in short、in brief、in a word、all in all、to sum up、briefly speaking等。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
② conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable, and readily available form of exercise.
③Over the years I've come to the (conclude) that she's a very great musician.
④After many wild guesses, :It might belong to someone in our neighborhood as only our neighbors wandered into the woods for a walk.经过多次胡乱猜测,我们最终得出了一个结论:它可能是我们邻居的,因为只有我们的邻居才会到树林里散步。
【短语句式】
7.insist on坚持;一定要
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
insist on/upon (doing) sth 坚持要求(做)某事
insist意为“坚持要求;坚持主张”时,后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即动词用(should) do;意为“坚持说;坚持认为”时,其后的从句用陈述语气。
insist既不接不定式,也不接动词-ing形式,遇此情况要用insist on。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①The old man insisted staying with me in the forest that evening.
②I insisted that they (wait) for our return.
③But she insists on us (eat) healthy food. Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food that is provided by Mom with appreciation.
④(2022·新高考Ⅰ·写作)David as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers.大卫坚持跑步,好像他忘记了自己所有的弱点,尽管他在几公里内被绊倒了。
8.take up 占用(时间/空间);继续;开始(从事);接受;拿起
一清知识清障(累知识)
take off 脱掉(衣服等);起飞;事业腾飞;休假
take over 接管;接手
take down 写下;记下;拆除
take in 吸收;接纳;领会;欺骗
take on 呈现;雇用;承担;从事
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①On the contrary, smart phones not only take our valuable time but also do great harm to our health.
②Henry didn't take what he read because his mind was focused on something else.
③(2023·云南楚雄模拟·写作)With the development of the economy, our hometown .随着经济的发展,我们的家乡正呈现出崭新的面貌。
9.“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
(P3)Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.后来,这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了试验,大部分人都康复了。
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
句中的most of whom recovered为“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,其结构一般为:
one/two/several/most/each/all...+of which/whom...
the+n.+of which/whom...
在介词提前的定语从句中,先行词指人时用whom 引导,先行词指物时用which 引导。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of uses it differently.
②Our class is made up of 56 students, all of are friendly and diligent.
③Our class also has problems of its own, is the students' laziness.我们班也有自己的问题,其中最明显的一个问题是学生的懒惰。
课后应用拓展——源于教材，对标高考
【基础多维巩固】
维度1 词法强化练
1.(2022·新高考Ⅰ)Additionally, from time to time, I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of will be graded.
2.(2022·北京)Crystal knew that visions alone don't produce results, but (conclude) that “we'll never produce results that we can't envision”.
3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)It has been 10 years since Youth (found). In my memory, it is Youth that accompanies me through my whole high school.
4.(2021·天津第一次)Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires (commit) to a particular occupation, branch of study or research.
5.(2020·全国Ⅲ)As the small boat moved (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
6.(2020·浙江)I couldn't see Don, but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, (apparent) unhurt, and dashed back to me.
7.It was a pity that we (defeat) in the final last month.
8.When Linda got home, suddenly hit her that she had left her schoolbag in the bus.
9.The weather turned out to be fine, was more than I could expect.
维度2 写作增分练
1.(2023·重庆涪陵模拟·写作)如果我们想在环境保护方面有所作为,重要的一点是我们应该从小事做起。
If we are to make a difference in environmental protection, with small things.
2.(2023·福建厦门二中月考·写作)当我决定接受这份工作时,我完全没有料到会遇到这么多问题。
Under no circumstances that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job.
3.由于努力学习,他在昨天的英语竞赛中得了满分。
, he got full marks in the English contest yesterday.
4.我猛然记起我曾经在一次聚会上见过她。
I once met her at a party.
5.人们都认为她是世界上最优秀的网球选手。
she is the best tennis player in the world.
6.一接到电话,他就从床上跳起来,匆忙出去了。
, he jumped out of the bed and hurried out.
【经典试题拓展】
(2022·全国乙·阅读理解B篇)
主题:小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记等
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff's granddaughter.
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy
would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold.In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden's book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead.A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed(牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism(坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
Ⅰ.经典考题练
1.Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains
A.To write a book.
B.To do sightseeing.
C.To teach in a school.
D.To study American history.
2.What can we learn about the girls from Paragraph 3
A.They enjoyed much respect.
B.They had a room with a bathtub.
C.They lived with the local kids.
D.They suffered severe hardships.
3.Which part of Wickenden's writing is hair-raising
A.The natural beauty of the West.
B.The extreme climate of Auburn.
C.The living conditions in Elkhead.
D.The railroad building in the Rockies.
4.What is the passage
A.A news report. B.A book review.
C.A children's story. D.A diary entry.
Ⅱ.高考词汇练
1.积累阅读词汇
(1)wealthy adj.
(2)settlement n.
(3)instruct v.
(4)unexpected adj.
(5)privacy n.
(6)influence v.
(7)hair-raising adj.
(8)section n.
(9)blinding adj.
2.巧辨熟词生义
(1)undertake A.v.承担;从事 B.v.答应
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
(2)move A.v.移动 B.v.促使(某人做某事)
C.n.行动
The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.
(3)mark A.n.污渍 B.v.做记号 C.v.留下痕迹
The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.
3.活用高频短语
move in; expand on; be replaced by; look down from
(1)For the time being, the face to face school day e-learning.
(2)Everything on the ground looks like tiny toys when you a plane.
(3)As a matter of fact, I got to like the flat we were going to .
(4)In his lecture, our English teacher the uses of the subjunctive mood.
Ⅲ.靓句美篇练
1.难句赏析
(赏结构)So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo.to instruct the children① whose shoes were held together with string② was a surprise.
【句意】所以对她们来说,搬到科罗拉多州埃尔克海德去教那些把鞋子系在一起的孩子是一个惊喜。
【赏析】句子的主干是主系表结构,①处为句子的主语,②处为whose引导的 , 修饰先行词children,表语是 a surprise。
【即练】
Joe worked at a bush school and the roofs of grass.乔在一所灌木学校工作,学校的教室是由竹子建成的,屋顶是用草盖的。
2.写作拓展
假定你是红星中学的一名高三学生李华, 你校英文报正在举办以“The Admirable”为主题的征文活动, 请你根据以下要点写一篇短文投稿:
1.该人物的简介;
2.该人物的主要事迹;
3.该人物的品质。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.标题已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
The Admirable
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
课前基础自查
Ⅰ.1.insisted 2.acknowledged 3.encountered 4.inferred 5.Geniuses 6.evaluation
Ⅱ.1.concluded; conclusion 2.novelist; novels 3.consequence; Consequently; consequence 4.gently; gentle
Ⅲ.①to ②from ③on ④to/for ⑤to ⑥for ⑦As ⑧up
Ⅳ.1.后来,这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了试验,大部分人都康复了。
2.当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说道:“荣誉不止属于我。它还属于我身后的团队,以及祖国的所有人民。”
3.他突然意识到,照片中的其他中国人显然不关心同胞们的遭遇。
4.他为世界做出了许多贡献,其中最著名的是广义相对论和E=mc2公式。
课中考点突破
核心单词
1.①for ②(should) take ③to raise ④(should) be kept secret;for the matter to be kept secret/to keep the matter a secret
2.①completing ②to ③commitment ④committing themselves to
3.①unacknowledged ②as ③having made ④It is acknowledged
4.①circumstances ②under/in ③circumstances ④Under no circumstances
5.①consequences ②As ③Consequently ④As a consequence/In consequence
6.①conclusion ②In ③conclusion ④we finally drew a conclusion
短语句式
7.①on/upon ②(should) wait ③eating ④insisted on running
8.①up ②in ③is taking on a new look
9.①which ②whom ③the most obvious one of which
课后应用拓展
基础多维巩固
维度1
1.which 2.concluded 3.was founded 4.commitment
5.gently 6.apparently 7.were defeated 8.it 9.which
维度2
1.it's vital that we should begin 2.did I expect 3.As a consequence of hark work 4.It hit/struck/occurred to me that
5.It's acknowledged that 6.On/Upon receiving the phone call
经典试题拓展
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文简要介绍了Dorothy Wickenden的一本书并对其进行了评价。
1.C 细节题。根据第1段中的“In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.”可知,Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去那里的学校教书。
2.D 推断题。根据第3段中的“They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.”可知,女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦,她们饱受磨难。
3.D 细节题。根据倒数第2段中的“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.”可知,Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人恐惧的。
4.B 推断题。根据倒数第2段中的“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.”以及最后一段中的“Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.”可知,本文简要介绍了一本书,并对其进行了评价,所以本文是一篇书评。
Ⅱ.
1.(1)富有的 (2)定居点 (3)教授;指示 (4)出乎意料的 (5)隐私 (6)影响 (7)令人寒毛直竖的;令人恐惧的
(8)(书、报等的)节;部分 (9)刺眼的
2.(1)A (2)B (3)C
3.(1)has been replaced by (2)look down from (3)move in (4)expanded on
Ⅲ.
1.定语从句;whose classrooms were made of bamboo
2.
The Admirable
The person I admire is Yuan Longping.
Yuan Longping is a great scientist who devoted all his life to improving the hybrid rice, for which millions of people across the world get rid of starvation. Yuan valued his research as his own life. For decades, bearing all the people's suffering in mind, he worked hard with his team despite the bad research conditions. Even constant failures could not shake his determination or make him give up.
He really deserves everyone's respect.
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