人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future学案 （含答案）
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UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
课前基础自查——上承课前，下启课堂
Ⅰ.单句语法练
1.An advertisement uses words and pictures to persuade people (buy) a product or service.
2.Many new words and (phrase) have been included in the revised edition.
3.That factory has (cease) to produce bicycles.
4.Some educators (advocate) that children should
be rewarded for their great performance.
5.If your talent combines diligence, you can achieve your dream one day.
6.The sport spirit—the spirit of competition which (emphasize) taking part rather than winning—has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.
Ⅱ.词形变化练
1.He to stay at home rather than go out in the past, but now he has a for freedom.(prefer)
2.Nowadays few people can the temptation of money, whoever is to it is bound to achieve a lot in their life.(resist)
3.He is often from school because of his tiredness of study. We have got used to his . (absent)
4.Most of her time is in showing visitors around the museum because her is a guide.(occupy)
5.Local people that a heavy storm would arrive, but they thought little of this .(warn)
6.If you can find learning methods suitable for you, your learning is likely to be improved greatly.(efficient)
Ⅲ.短语拓展练
1.Some students had a preference ① some disposable products. As a student, I'm strongly opposed ② wasting energy. For example, we should switch ③ electric devices when we are not using them. At the same time, we should try to persuade our family ④ living a low-carbon life.
2.Nowadays the Internet brings us great convenience. It provides us ⑤ useful information; we can keep in touch ⑥ friends through WeChat. We can also keep track ⑦ the events at home and abroad. ⑧ this sense, we feel that our world becomes smaller and smaller.
Ⅳ.教材句式练
1.Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.(the instant引导时间状语从句)
翻译:
2.Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.(make+it+adj.)
翻译:
课中考点突破——顺承自查，夯实考点
【主题情境】
As technology changes,our lives will be influenced in almost every aspect, so is the traffic.In the future, our cars,which can travel not only on the road but also in the water, will be controlled by a robot. In this way, traffic accidents will be reduced. 随着技术的变化,我们的生活几乎在各个方面都会受到影响,交通也会受到影响。未来,我们的汽车将由机器人控制,它不仅可以在路上行驶,还可以在水中行驶。这样可以减少交通事故。
It seems inevitable that robots will eventually be able to do more and more of the jobs that are currently performed by humans. So should we be worried by the rise of the machines Some experts fear that hundreds of thousands of jobs could disappear as robots replace human workers.机器人最终将能够胜任越来越多目前由人类完成的工作,这似乎是不可避免的,那么我们应该担心机器的崛起吗 一些专家担心,随着机器人取代人力劳动者,数十万个工作岗位可能会消失。
【核心单词】
1.persuade vt.说服;劝说;使相信;使信服 (近义词:convince)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·新高考Ⅱ)Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people (put) down their phones when they are behind the wheel.
二清知识清障(累知识)
persuade sb to do sth(= persuade sb into doing sth)说服某人做某事
persuade sb not to do sth(= persuade sb out of doing sth)说服某人不做某事
persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事
persuade sb that...使某人相信……;劝服某人……
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②Do you think young people are easily persuaded buying new products
③She tried to persuade her son (go) to bed early but failed.
④由于没有说服海伦改变主意,她的父母别无选择,只好允许她独自一人去中国旅行。(一句多译)
→Because they hadn't , her parents had no choice but to allow her to go to China to travel alone.
→ , her parents had no choice but to allow her to go to China to travel alone.(分词短语作状语)
2.command n.指令;命令;(常用于军队)指挥;控制 v.命令;指挥;掌握;支配
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·北京)You should have good command of either English or French.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
at sb's command 受某人支配;愿听某人的指挥
take command of 控制;担任……的指挥
have a (good) command of 掌握;精通(尤指语言)
command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
command that...(should) do... 命令……(应该)做……
表示“精通”的常用表达还有have a good knowledge of、be good at等。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②The moment the policemen arrived, they (take) command of the situation.
③Time was limited. The boss commanded us (finish) the work as scheduled.
④(2023·贵阳一中月考·写作)A foreigner cannot unless he overcomes the cultural barriers when learning Chinese.外国人在学习汉语时,只有克服文化障碍才能很好地掌握汉语。
3.available adj.可获得的;可购得的;(人)有空的
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·北京)Peer(同伴)Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning programme available students enrolled(注册) in most core units of study in our business school.
二清知识清障(累知识)
be available to 可被……利用或得到的
be available for 可供……用
be available to do sth 有空做某事
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②It is vital that food is made available the famine areas.
③There are three small boats available hire.
④I'm afraid I'm not available .恐怕我没有时间参加你的生日聚会。
4.relevant adj. 有关的;有意义的 (relevance n.相关性;关联;实用性 relevantly adv.贴切地;得要领地 反义词:irrelevant)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·湖北恩施模拟)Back in the day,people called putting up wallpaper together the ultimate test for one's patience,but this isn't as (relevance) anymore nowadays as it was then.
二清知识清障(累知识)
be relevant to 和……有关
have relevance to 与……有关
more relevantly 更重要的是
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②There are additional publications of special (relevant) to new graduates.
③People have different ideas about whether animal research is relevant human health.
④When you are reading, I want you to think about why that kind of thought the readers of his time.当你们阅读的时候,我希望你们思考一下为什么这种想法与他那个时代的读者有关。
5.combine vt. & vi.(使)结合;混合 (combination n.联合;结合)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·浙江1月)Find ways to enjoy them in a (combine) manner. Build your social life around people in your work environment.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
combine...with/and... 将……与……结合在一起
combine to do sth 联合起来干某事
in combination with 与……结合
表示“把……与……相连接/联系起来”的短语有connect...with/to...、 associate...with...、 link...with/to...、 relate...to...等。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②Several factors combined (harm) our friendship.
③A (combine) of factors led to her decision to resign.
④Beijing is a city where the old cultural traditions and the modern civilization .北京是一个古老文化传统和现代文明完美结合的城市。
6.oppose vt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量 (opposed adj.反对的;对立的 opposite adj.相反的;对面的 adv.在对面)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·浙江1月)Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades—the exact (oppose) of me.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事
oppose sb doing sth 反对某人做某事(强调动作)
as opposed to (to为介词) 相比之下;与……对照下
be opposed to... 反对……;与……对立(强调状态)
表示反对的其他表达有disagree with、be against、object to (doing sth)等。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
② (oppose) to the plan of raising prices, they decided not to carry it out.
③By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they're building their children's confidence when, in fact, it may be just the (oppose).
④(2023·云南师大附中月考·写作)Today, more and more English words are finding their way into the Chinese language. Some people are in favour of it .现在,越来越多的英文单词进入到汉语中,有些人支持,然而有些人反对。
7.absence n.缺席;不在某处 (absent adj.缺席的;不在的;缺乏的)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ)Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused (absent) will be accepted.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
absence of mind心不在焉
in sb's absence某人不在时
in the absence of sth缺乏某物
be absent from...缺席……
absence通常为不可数名词,但表示缺席或离开的次数或时间时,为可数名词。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②He was (absence) from the conference yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.
③I am writing to apologize to you for being absent the activity of the English club on December 5th.
④(2023·海南海口中学月考·写作)I'm writing to make an apology for any inconvenience and wish you all the best.我写信为我的缺席给您带来的不便表示歉意,并祝您一切顺利。
【短语句式】
8.in this sense从这种意义上来讲
一清知识清障(累知识)
in a sense 在某一方面;就某种意义来说
in no sense 决不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装)
make sense 有意义
make sense of 弄懂
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
① a sense, however,Chinese is indeed a very old language.
②In sense should you lose heart; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.
③There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make sense them at all.
④(2023·山东烟台模拟·写作)You are right ,but you do not know all the facts.从这种意义上来讲,你是对的,但你并不了解所有事实。
9.the instant 引导时间状语从句
(P14)Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.你一进家门,灯就会亮起,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放),而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
句中的the instant引导时间状语从句。the instant (that)是名词短语,在此处起连词的作用,意为“一……就……”,that常省略。
其他引导时间状语从句的名词短语:the first time/the moment/the minute/the second、each/every/next/any/last time。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
① instant he got home, he closed the door and was lost in thought.
② first time I went to Beijing,I fell in love with it.
③(2023·贵州遵义模拟·写作) I get this satisfactory result, I can't wait to reply to your letter.一得到这个令人满意的结果,我就迫不及待地给您回信了。
课后应用拓展——源于教材，对标高考
【基础多维巩固】
维度1 词法强化练
1.(2022·全国乙)By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, (detect) faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.
2.(2022·北京)In the latest UN report on global food (secure), the number of undernourished(营养不良) people in the world has been rising, despite great advances in nutrition science.
3.(2021·新高考Ⅱ)You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right (distant) from your eyes.
4.He advocated (ban) cars in the city centre at the meeting.
5.I have a sweet tooth and can't resist (eat) chocolate and ice cream.
6.Hardly had he had time to settle down he sold the house.
7.Scientists have identified the gene that caused (normal) growth.
8.Scientists have put too much (emphasize) on research.
9.The animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard to oppose (wear) fur coats.
维度2 写作增分练
1.(2023·湖南湘潭模拟·写作)找一些住在英国的中国人,和他们交谈,这是更好地了解中国的最佳方法。
Find some Chinese people living in the UK and talk with them, which is the best way .
2.(2023·西安一中月考·写作)由于这件外套售价实在便宜,我抵不住诱惑买了下来。
As the coat was a bargain at such a low price, I to buy it.
3.过不了多久,我们就知道期末考试的结果了。(before)
we know the result of the final examination.
4.我一到办公室,我妻子就打电话叫我马上回家。
I arrived at the office, my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
5.我强烈反对把孩子带到这样危险的地方。
I taking children to such dangerous places.
6.一方面这家旅馆离海近,可另一方面它太贵了。
,the hotel is near the sea, it costs a lot.
7.我警告过他不要在那条河里游泳,但他不听。
in that river, but he didn't listen.
8.中国已经建设了更多的高速公路,这让人们旅行更加便捷。
More highways have been built in China, .
【经典试题拓展】
(2022·全国乙·阅读理解C篇)
主题:科技发展与信息技术创新,科学精神
Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more
efficient(高效的) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways,
detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously.Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
Ⅰ.经典考题练
1.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible
A.Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.
B.The reduction of cost in designing drones.
C.Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.
D.The use of drones in checking on power lines.
2.What does “maintenance” underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to
A.Personnel safety.
B.Inspection and repair.
C.Assistance from drones.
D.Construction of infrastructure.
3.What function is expected of the rail drones
A.To provide early warning.
B.To earn profits for the crews.
C.To accelerate transportation.
D.To make trains run automatically.
4.Which is the most suitable title for the passage
A.What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B.How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C.What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D.How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
Ⅱ.高考词汇练
1.积累阅读词汇
(1)reliability n.
(2)precisely adv.
(3)inspect v.
(4)saving n.
(5)approximately adv.
(6)overhead adv.
(7)autonomously adv.
(8)fast-moving adj.
2.巧辨熟词生义
(1)alone A.adv.单独地 B.adv.只有
C.adv.仅仅;只
It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.
(2)switch A.n.开关 B.v.转换;交换
C.n.(铁路的) 道岔;转辙器
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.
(3)signal A.v.发信号;示意 B.v.表达
C.n.信号
With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
3.活用高频短语
billions of; apply... to;ahead of; provide... for
(1)So significant is the volleyball match that everyone should arrive at our school stadium schedule.
(2)It is clear that the primary duty of parents is to protection our children.
(3)The local government is spending dollars on new urban rail projects.
(4)In order to pass the course, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to what we would learn in class our future professions and, eventually, to our lives.
Ⅲ.靓句美篇练
1.难句赏析
(赏结构)That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure① that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis②.
【句意】未来运用当今的“空中之眼”技术来确保数百万公里的铁路轨道和世界范围内的基础设施全天候安全运行是很有可能的。
【赏析】句子的主干是主系表结构,表语为the very likely future,①处为动名词短语作介词of的宾语,②处为make sure后接的 。
【即练】
Regardless of the weather, Paul always makes sure .不管天气如何,保罗总会保证他的孩子能够按时到达学校。
2.写作拓展
假定你是李华,你校英文报正在举行以“科技改变未来生活”为主题的征文活动,要求同学们想象科技将如何改变我们的生活环境、工作和休闲方式,请你用英语写一篇短文投稿。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
课前基础自查
Ⅰ. 1.to buy 2.phrases 3.ceased 4.advocated/advocate
5.with 6.emphasizes
Ⅱ.1.preferred; preference 2.resist; resistant 3.absent; absence 4.occupied; occupation 5.were warned; warning 6.efficient; efficiency
Ⅲ.①for ②to ③off ④into ⑤with ⑥with ⑦of ⑧In
Ⅳ.1.你一进家门,灯就会亮起,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放),而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。
2.此外,即使身处世界的两端,互联网使我们能很容易同朋友和家人保持联系。
课中考点突破
核心单词
1.①to put ②into ③to go ④persuaded Helen to change her mind;Not having persuaded Helen to change her mind
2.①a ②took ③to finish ④have a good command of Chinese
3.①to ②to ③for ④to attend your birthday party
4.①relevant ②relevance ③to ④would be relevant to
5.①combined ②to harm ③combination ④are well combined
6.①opposite ②Opposed ③opposite ④while others oppose it
7.①absence ②absent ③from ④caused by my absence
短语句式
8.①In ②no ③of ④in this sense
9.①The ②The ③The instant/The moment/As soon as
课后应用拓展
基础多维巩固
维度1
1.detecting 2.security 3.distance 4.banning 5.eating
6.when 7.abnormal 8.emphasis 9.wearing
维度2
1.to have a better understanding of China 2.couldn't resist the temptation 3.It will not be long before 4.The instant/moment/minute/second 5.strongly opposed/was strongly opposed to 6.On the one hand; but on the other hand 7.I warned him not to swim 8.making it much more convenient for people to travel
经典试题拓展
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文主要介绍的是无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省大量维护费用。
1.D 细节题。根据第2段中的“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.”可知,无人机已用于检查电力线路,这使得无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能。
2.B 词义推断题。根据画线词后的“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.”可知,画线词的含义与句中的inspect、repair相近。
3.A 推断题。根据最后一段中的“With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.”可知,人们期待无人机能提前发现问题,发出预警。
4.D 主旨题。文章主要介绍的是无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省大量维修费用。D项符合文章中心思想,最适合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.
1.(1)可靠性 (2)精确地;确切地 (3)检查 (4)节省;节约 (5)大约;大概 (6)在头顶上方;在空中 (7)自主地 (8)快速行驶的
2.(1)C (2)C (3)A
3.(1)ahead of (2)provide;for (3)billions of (4)apply;to
Ⅲ.
1.宾语从句;that his children arrive at school on time
2.
With the development of science and technology, our life in the future will be quite different from what it is now.
At that time we'll live in a greener and more beautiful world with trees, birds, blue skies and sunshine. Besides, robots will be able to do most of the housework for us. As for work, we'll mostly work at home, communicating ideas for work online. During our free time, we'll be able to travel to places of interest in new vehicles like flying cars. We'll even enjoy space trips to the moon and other planets.
All in all, I think our life will become more comfortable and convenient.
2
课前基础自查——上承课前，下启课堂
Ⅰ.单句语法练
1.An advertisement uses words and pictures to persuade people (buy) a product or service.
2.Many new words and (phrase) have been included in the revised edition.
3.That factory has (cease) to produce bicycles.
4.Some educators (advocate) that children should
be rewarded for their great performance.
5.If your talent combines diligence, you can achieve your dream one day.
6.The sport spirit—the spirit of competition which (emphasize) taking part rather than winning—has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.
Ⅱ.词形变化练
1.He to stay at home rather than go out in the past, but now he has a for freedom.(prefer)
2.Nowadays few people can the temptation of money, whoever is to it is bound to achieve a lot in their life.(resist)
3.He is often from school because of his tiredness of study. We have got used to his . (absent)
4.Most of her time is in showing visitors around the museum because her is a guide.(occupy)
5.Local people that a heavy storm would arrive, but they thought little of this .(warn)
6.If you can find learning methods suitable for you, your learning is likely to be improved greatly.(efficient)
Ⅲ.短语拓展练
1.Some students had a preference ① some disposable products. As a student, I'm strongly opposed ② wasting energy. For example, we should switch ③ electric devices when we are not using them. At the same time, we should try to persuade our family ④ living a low-carbon life.
2.Nowadays the Internet brings us great convenience. It provides us ⑤ useful information; we can keep in touch ⑥ friends through WeChat. We can also keep track ⑦ the events at home and abroad. ⑧ this sense, we feel that our world becomes smaller and smaller.
Ⅳ.教材句式练
1.Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.(the instant引导时间状语从句)
翻译:
2.Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.(make+it+adj.)
翻译:
课中考点突破——顺承自查，夯实考点
【主题情境】
As technology changes,our lives will be influenced in almost every aspect, so is the traffic.In the future, our cars,which can travel not only on the road but also in the water, will be controlled by a robot. In this way, traffic accidents will be reduced. 随着技术的变化,我们的生活几乎在各个方面都会受到影响,交通也会受到影响。未来,我们的汽车将由机器人控制,它不仅可以在路上行驶,还可以在水中行驶。这样可以减少交通事故。
It seems inevitable that robots will eventually be able to do more and more of the jobs that are currently performed by humans. So should we be worried by the rise of the machines Some experts fear that hundreds of thousands of jobs could disappear as robots replace human workers.机器人最终将能够胜任越来越多目前由人类完成的工作,这似乎是不可避免的,那么我们应该担心机器的崛起吗 一些专家担心,随着机器人取代人力劳动者,数十万个工作岗位可能会消失。
【核心单词】
1.persuade vt.说服;劝说;使相信;使信服 (近义词:convince)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·新高考Ⅱ)Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people (put) down their phones when they are behind the wheel.
二清知识清障(累知识)
persuade sb to do sth(= persuade sb into doing sth)说服某人做某事
persuade sb not to do sth(= persuade sb out of doing sth)说服某人不做某事
persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事
persuade sb that...使某人相信……;劝服某人……
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②Do you think young people are easily persuaded buying new products
③She tried to persuade her son (go) to bed early but failed.
④由于没有说服海伦改变主意,她的父母别无选择,只好允许她独自一人去中国旅行。(一句多译)
→Because they hadn't , her parents had no choice but to allow her to go to China to travel alone.
→ , her parents had no choice but to allow her to go to China to travel alone.(分词短语作状语)
2.command n.指令;命令;(常用于军队)指挥;控制 v.命令;指挥;掌握;支配
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2021·北京)You should have good command of either English or French.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
at sb's command 受某人支配;愿听某人的指挥
take command of 控制;担任……的指挥
have a (good) command of 掌握;精通(尤指语言)
command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
command that...(should) do... 命令……(应该)做……
表示“精通”的常用表达还有have a good knowledge of、be good at等。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②The moment the policemen arrived, they (take) command of the situation.
③Time was limited. The boss commanded us (finish) the work as scheduled.
④(2023·贵阳一中月考·写作)A foreigner cannot unless he overcomes the cultural barriers when learning Chinese.外国人在学习汉语时,只有克服文化障碍才能很好地掌握汉语。
3.available adj.可获得的;可购得的;(人)有空的
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·北京)Peer(同伴)Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning programme available students enrolled(注册) in most core units of study in our business school.
二清知识清障(累知识)
be available to 可被……利用或得到的
be available for 可供……用
be available to do sth 有空做某事
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②It is vital that food is made available the famine areas.
③There are three small boats available hire.
④I'm afraid I'm not available .恐怕我没有时间参加你的生日聚会。
4.relevant adj. 有关的;有意义的 (relevance n.相关性;关联;实用性 relevantly adv.贴切地;得要领地 反义词:irrelevant)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·湖北恩施模拟)Back in the day,people called putting up wallpaper together the ultimate test for one's patience,but this isn't as (relevance) anymore nowadays as it was then.
二清知识清障(累知识)
be relevant to 和……有关
have relevance to 与……有关
more relevantly 更重要的是
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②There are additional publications of special (relevant) to new graduates.
③People have different ideas about whether animal research is relevant human health.
④When you are reading, I want you to think about why that kind of thought the readers of his time.当你们阅读的时候,我希望你们思考一下为什么这种想法与他那个时代的读者有关。
5.combine vt. & vi.(使)结合;混合 (combination n.联合;结合)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·浙江1月)Find ways to enjoy them in a (combine) manner. Build your social life around people in your work environment.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
combine...with/and... 将……与……结合在一起
combine to do sth 联合起来干某事
in combination with 与……结合
表示“把……与……相连接/联系起来”的短语有connect...with/to...、 associate...with...、 link...with/to...、 relate...to...等。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②Several factors combined (harm) our friendship.
③A (combine) of factors led to her decision to resign.
④Beijing is a city where the old cultural traditions and the modern civilization .北京是一个古老文化传统和现代文明完美结合的城市。
6.oppose vt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量 (opposed adj.反对的;对立的 opposite adj.相反的;对面的 adv.在对面)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·浙江1月)Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades—the exact (oppose) of me.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事
oppose sb doing sth 反对某人做某事(强调动作)
as opposed to (to为介词) 相比之下;与……对照下
be opposed to... 反对……;与……对立(强调状态)
表示反对的其他表达有disagree with、be against、object to (doing sth)等。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
② (oppose) to the plan of raising prices, they decided not to carry it out.
③By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they're building their children's confidence when, in fact, it may be just the (oppose).
④(2023·云南师大附中月考·写作)Today, more and more English words are finding their way into the Chinese language. Some people are in favour of it .现在,越来越多的英文单词进入到汉语中,有些人支持,然而有些人反对。
7.absence n.缺席;不在某处 (absent adj.缺席的;不在的;缺乏的)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ)Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused (absent) will be accepted.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
absence of mind心不在焉
in sb's absence某人不在时
in the absence of sth缺乏某物
be absent from...缺席……
absence通常为不可数名词,但表示缺席或离开的次数或时间时,为可数名词。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②He was (absence) from the conference yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.
③I am writing to apologize to you for being absent the activity of the English club on December 5th.
④(2023·海南海口中学月考·写作)I'm writing to make an apology for any inconvenience and wish you all the best.我写信为我的缺席给您带来的不便表示歉意,并祝您一切顺利。
【短语句式】
8.in this sense从这种意义上来讲
一清知识清障(累知识)
in a sense 在某一方面;就某种意义来说
in no sense 决不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装)
make sense 有意义
make sense of 弄懂
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
① a sense, however,Chinese is indeed a very old language.
②In sense should you lose heart; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.
③There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make sense them at all.
④(2023·山东烟台模拟·写作)You are right ,but you do not know all the facts.从这种意义上来讲,你是对的,但你并不了解所有事实。
9.the instant 引导时间状语从句
(P14)Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.你一进家门,灯就会亮起,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放),而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
句中的the instant引导时间状语从句。the instant (that)是名词短语,在此处起连词的作用,意为“一……就……”,that常省略。
其他引导时间状语从句的名词短语:the first time/the moment/the minute/the second、each/every/next/any/last time。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
① instant he got home, he closed the door and was lost in thought.
② first time I went to Beijing,I fell in love with it.
③(2023·贵州遵义模拟·写作) I get this satisfactory result, I can't wait to reply to your letter.一得到这个令人满意的结果,我就迫不及待地给您回信了。
课后应用拓展——源于教材，对标高考
【基础多维巩固】
维度1 词法强化练
1.(2022·全国乙)By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, (detect) faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.
2.(2022·北京)In the latest UN report on global food (secure), the number of undernourished(营养不良) people in the world has been rising, despite great advances in nutrition science.
3.(2021·新高考Ⅱ)You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right (distant) from your eyes.
4.He advocated (ban) cars in the city centre at the meeting.
5.I have a sweet tooth and can't resist (eat) chocolate and ice cream.
6.Hardly had he had time to settle down he sold the house.
7.Scientists have identified the gene that caused (normal) growth.
8.Scientists have put too much (emphasize) on research.
9.The animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard to oppose (wear) fur coats.
维度2 写作增分练
1.(2023·湖南湘潭模拟·写作)找一些住在英国的中国人,和他们交谈,这是更好地了解中国的最佳方法。
Find some Chinese people living in the UK and talk with them, which is the best way .
2.(2023·西安一中月考·写作)由于这件外套售价实在便宜,我抵不住诱惑买了下来。
As the coat was a bargain at such a low price, I to buy it.
3.过不了多久,我们就知道期末考试的结果了。(before)
we know the result of the final examination.
4.我一到办公室,我妻子就打电话叫我马上回家。
I arrived at the office, my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
5.我强烈反对把孩子带到这样危险的地方。
I taking children to such dangerous places.
6.一方面这家旅馆离海近,可另一方面它太贵了。
,the hotel is near the sea, it costs a lot.
7.我警告过他不要在那条河里游泳,但他不听。
in that river, but he didn't listen.
8.中国已经建设了更多的高速公路,这让人们旅行更加便捷。
More highways have been built in China, .
【经典试题拓展】
(2022·全国乙·阅读理解C篇)
主题:科技发展与信息技术创新,科学精神
Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more
efficient(高效的) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways,
detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously.Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
Ⅰ.经典考题练
1.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible
A.Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.
B.The reduction of cost in designing drones.
C.Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.
D.The use of drones in checking on power lines.
2.What does “maintenance” underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to
A.Personnel safety.
B.Inspection and repair.
C.Assistance from drones.
D.Construction of infrastructure.
3.What function is expected of the rail drones
A.To provide early warning.
B.To earn profits for the crews.
C.To accelerate transportation.
D.To make trains run automatically.
4.Which is the most suitable title for the passage
A.What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B.How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C.What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D.How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
Ⅱ.高考词汇练
1.积累阅读词汇
(1)reliability n.
(2)precisely adv.
(3)inspect v.
(4)saving n.
(5)approximately adv.
(6)overhead adv.
(7)autonomously adv.
(8)fast-moving adj.
2.巧辨熟词生义
(1)alone A.adv.单独地 B.adv.只有
C.adv.仅仅;只
It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.
(2)switch A.n.开关 B.v.转换;交换
C.n.(铁路的) 道岔;转辙器
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.
(3)signal A.v.发信号;示意 B.v.表达
C.n.信号
With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
3.活用高频短语
billions of; apply... to;ahead of; provide... for
(1)So significant is the volleyball match that everyone should arrive at our school stadium schedule.
(2)It is clear that the primary duty of parents is to protection our children.
(3)The local government is spending dollars on new urban rail projects.
(4)In order to pass the course, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to what we would learn in class our future professions and, eventually, to our lives.
Ⅲ.靓句美篇练
1.难句赏析
(赏结构)That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure① that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis②.
【句意】未来运用当今的“空中之眼”技术来确保数百万公里的铁路轨道和世界范围内的基础设施全天候安全运行是很有可能的。
【赏析】句子的主干是主系表结构,表语为the very likely future,①处为动名词短语作介词of的宾语,②处为make sure后接的 。
【即练】
Regardless of the weather, Paul always makes sure .不管天气如何,保罗总会保证他的孩子能够按时到达学校。
2.写作拓展
假定你是李华,你校英文报正在举行以“科技改变未来生活”为主题的征文活动,要求同学们想象科技将如何改变我们的生活环境、工作和休闲方式,请你用英语写一篇短文投稿。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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UNIT 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
课前基础自查
Ⅰ. 1.to buy 2.phrases 3.ceased 4.advocated/advocate
5.with 6.emphasizes
Ⅱ.1.preferred; preference 2.resist; resistant 3.absent; absence 4.occupied; occupation 5.were warned; warning 6.efficient; efficiency
Ⅲ.①for ②to ③off ④into ⑤with ⑥with ⑦of ⑧In
Ⅳ.1.你一进家门,灯就会亮起,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放),而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。
2.此外,即使身处世界的两端,互联网使我们能很容易同朋友和家人保持联系。
课中考点突破
核心单词
1.①to put ②into ③to go ④persuaded Helen to change her mind;Not having persuaded Helen to change her mind
2.①a ②took ③to finish ④have a good command of Chinese
3.①to ②to ③for ④to attend your birthday party
4.①relevant ②relevance ③to ④would be relevant to
5.①combined ②to harm ③combination ④are well combined
6.①opposite ②Opposed ③opposite ④while others oppose it
7.①absence ②absent ③from ④caused by my absence
短语句式
8.①In ②no ③of ④in this sense
9.①The ②The ③The instant/The moment/As soon as
课后应用拓展
基础多维巩固
维度1
1.detecting 2.security 3.distance 4.banning 5.eating
6.when 7.abnormal 8.emphasis 9.wearing
维度2
1.to have a better understanding of China 2.couldn't resist the temptation 3.It will not be long before 4.The instant/moment/minute/second 5.strongly opposed/was strongly opposed to 6.On the one hand; but on the other hand 7.I warned him not to swim 8.making it much more convenient for people to travel
经典试题拓展
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 本文主要介绍的是无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省大量维护费用。
1.D 细节题。根据第2段中的“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.”可知,无人机已用于检查电力线路,这使得无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能。
2.B 词义推断题。根据画线词后的“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.”可知,画线词的含义与句中的inspect、repair相近。
3.A 推断题。根据最后一段中的“With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.”可知,人们期待无人机能提前发现问题,发出预警。
4.D 主旨题。文章主要介绍的是无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省大量维修费用。D项符合文章中心思想,最适合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.
1.(1)可靠性 (2)精确地;确切地 (3)检查 (4)节省;节约 (5)大约;大概 (6)在头顶上方;在空中 (7)自主地 (8)快速行驶的
2.(1)C (2)C (3)A
3.(1)ahead of (2)provide;for (3)billions of (4)apply;to
Ⅲ.
1.宾语从句;that his children arrive at school on time
2.
With the development of science and technology, our life in the future will be quite different from what it is now.
At that time we'll live in a greener and more beautiful world with trees, birds, blue skies and sunshine. Besides, robots will be able to do most of the housework for us. As for work, we'll mostly work at home, communicating ideas for work online. During our free time, we'll be able to travel to places of interest in new vehicles like flying cars. We'll even enjoy space trips to the moon and other planets.
All in all, I think our life will become more comfortable and convenient.
2