人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection学案 （含答案）
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UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
课前基础自查——上承课前，下启课堂
Ⅰ.单句语法练
1.Recovery can't (sustain) unless more jobs are created.
2.The interview (broadcast) on the same day he was invested as President.
3.During the riots hundreds of people (seize) the opportunity to steal property.
4.Fortunately, the badly neglected paintings have all been carefully (restore).
5 She (fine) $300 and banned from driving for one month.
6.Henry understands the text very well, which shows that his reading (comprehend) ability has been greatly improved.
Ⅱ.词形变化练
1. hanging out with friends may result in absence from classes, which will interfere with their studies.(frequent)
2.The war caused many people to death. Bad luck also haunted the girl. Finally, she died of on a cold morning.(starve)
3.We students live in peace and with each other.
Our relationship results from our common goal.(harmony)
4.The police held up vehicles so as the drivers' licenses. And there will be more frequent rounds of .(inspect)
5.There is so much rain on the island , that is, its rainfall reaches as much as sixty inches.(annual)
Ⅲ.短语拓展练
1.When we refer ① environmental problems, we will think: huge amounts ② trees have been cut down; some animals have starved ③ death, and so on. It's human activities that result ④ these problems. Therefore, we must take effective measures to protect our environment.
2.Our school has launched ⑤ campaign against food waste. I, ⑥ behalf of us students, made a speech. I think with dozens ⑦ measures ⑧ effect, we students will reduce food waste.
Ⅳ.教材句式练
1.There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.(There is little/no doubt that...)
翻译:
2.The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation.(that 引导同
位语从句)
翻译:
3.With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.(it作形式主语)
翻译:
课中考点突破——顺承自查，夯实考点
【主题情境】
Saihanba, which covers 92,000 hectares, had by the 1950s become barren due to excessive logging.In 1962, hundreds of foresters began planting trees in the area. Three generations of these foresters have increased forest cover from 11 percent to 80 percent.It has spurred economic growth with green sectors, generating $15.1 million in 2016 alone, according to the release from the UN Environment.塞罕坝占地9.2万公顷,由于过度采伐,到20世纪50年代这里的土地日渐贫瘠。1962年,数百名护林员开始在这一地区植树。三代护林员将森林覆盖率从11%提高到80%。联合国环境署发布的数据显示,该人造林刺激了绿色行业的经济增长,仅在2016年就创造了1510万美元的收入。
We should do something to stop people from doing bad things to the environment.We should put rubbish into dustbins instead of throwing it about. Everyone must care for flowers,grass and trees in public.We should collect things like paper,plastic bags in our neighborhood as well.It's necessary to plant more trees every year.It is everyone's duty to make our neighborhood much better with our hands and minds.我们应该做些什么来阻止人们对环境做一些不好的事情。我们应该把垃圾放进垃圾箱而不是到处扔。每个人都必须爱护公共场所的花、草、树木。我们也应该收集社区的一些像纸、塑料袋之类的东西。每年种植更多的树是必要的。用我们的双手和头脑使我们的社区变得更好是我们每一个人的职责。
【核心单词】
1.starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿;饿死 (starvation n.饥饿;挨饿)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2023·江西抚州模拟)If it had not been for the money he lent me, I could have starved death.
二清知识清障(累知识)
·starve to death 饥饿而死
starve for (=long for=be eager for) sth 渴望某物
starve sb into doing sth 断绝食物(或资金)来源以迫使某人做某事
·die of starvation 死于饥饿
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②At that time people (starve) if food was difficult to find.
③In contrast to our ignorance of saving food, many people especially those in poverty-stricken areas are suffering from (starve).
④(2023·四川德阳模拟·写作)We are collecting money in aid of .为帮助饥饿的孩子们,我们正在募捐。
2.seize vt.抓住;捉住;夺取;攻占;控制
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·北京)Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically (seize).
二清知识清障(累知识)
seize sb by the...抓住某人的……
seize sth from sb 从某人手中夺取某物
seize on/upon 抓住(可利用的事物);突然对……大为关注
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②The policeman seized him the arm and took him to the police station.
③ (seize) the chance, otherwise you'll regret it.
④(2023·南京一中月考·写作)If you think your idea has potential, .你如果觉得你的想法很有潜力,立刻抓住它吧。
3.submit vt.&vi.提交;呈递;屈服 (submissive adj.服从的;顺从的;恭顺的
submission n.屈服;呈送;提交)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ)All the assignments will (submit) by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
二清知识清障(累知识)
submit sth to sb 提交/呈递某物给某人
submit (oneself) to sb/sth 顺从;屈服
submit that 提议;认为;主张;建议
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②It is necessary to fix a definite date for the (submit) of your paper.
③We will submit (us) to the court's judgement.
④(2023·辽宁锦州模拟·写作)Along with your wonderful innovation, you need to , explaining how the idea occurred to you and what materials you used.除了出色的创意之外,你还需要向学生会提交一份报告,解释你是如何想到这个点子的,以及你使用了哪些材料。
4.sensitive adj.敏感的;善解人意的;灵敏的 (sense n.感觉;见识;意义;理智v.感觉到;意识到)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·全国乙)The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.
二清知识清障(累知识)
·be sensitive to 对……敏感
·make sense 讲得通;有道理;有意义
make sense of 理解;弄懂
in a sense 在某种意义上
in no sense 决不;一点也不
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②I learned that most fish are cold-blooded animals and therefore are very sensitive water temperature.
③ a sense it doesn't matter any more, so it doesn't need considering.
④The issue can in no sense be said to be resolved.(句式转换)
→In no sense to be resolved.(倒装句)
【短语句式】
5.result in 引起;导致
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
·result from 由……引起
·as a result 结果
as a result of 由于;作为……的结果
without result 毫无结果地;无效地;徒劳地
除result in外,常见的表示“引起;导致”的词(组)还有cause、lead to、bring about、contribute to等。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①Harry's carelessness resulted his failure in the entrance examination.
②This traffic accident resulted completely the man's drunk driving.
③A number of new machines were installed in the factory,thus in production.这家工厂安装了许多新机器,从而提高了产量。
6.There is little doubt that...
(P26)There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.毫无疑问,地球正变得越来越暖和。
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
·I have no doubt that...=I don't doubt that... 我确信……
I have doubt whether...=I doubt if/whether... 我怀疑……
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
without doubt=beyond doubt 毫无疑问
·undoubtedly adv.毫无疑问地
doubt可作动词或名词。在否定句和疑问句中,doubt后跟that引导的宾语从句(doubt v.)或同位语从句(doubt n.);在肯定句中,后接whether或if引导的宾语从句(doubt v.)或whether引导的同位语从句(doubt n.)。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①If we are in the habit of raising (doubt) as to whether what we are told is true, we can find the correct answer.
②I have no doubt you will succeed, but I doubt you have really got everything ready.
③I don't doubt a friendly and harmonious environment is of great importance to us all.
④(2023·浙江衢州模拟·写作) staying up is more likely to result in over-anxiety.毫无疑问,熬夜更有可能导致过度焦虑。
课后应用拓展——源于教材，对标高考
【基础多维巩固】
维度1 词法强化练
1.(2022·北京)The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019.The world won't survive if this situation continues.
2.(2021·全国甲)It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely (restore).
3.A range of green (campaign) have been launched globally in response to the gravity of the climate crisis.
4.Every weekend there are dozens football and basketball matches on television.
5.He is expected (release) from hospital.
6.These dams (restrict) the flow of the river downstream so far.
7.Make sure all the lifts must undergo an annual safety (inspect).
8.Millions of people will face (starve) next year as a result of the drought.
9.I had asked everyone (submit) questions in advance of the meeting.
10.He's going to share with us the challenges and (responsible) of his work.
维度2 写作增分练
1.手术成功与否还有待观察。
whether the operation is successful or not.
2.在过去的五年里食品价格已经上涨10%。
Food prices over the past 5 years.
3.许多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想,他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。
Many young people, , headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
4.毫无疑问,沿长江旅行会是一个更好的选择。
the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.
5.他本该上午8点到达的,但他没有出现。
He at 8 am, but he didn't show up.
6.他突然想起今天是他的生日。
that today was his birthday.
7.这些海洋动物被困在渔网里,同时还受到了其他人类活动的伤害。
These sea animals fishing nets and are harmed by other human activities as well.
【经典试题拓展】
(2022·全国甲·阅读理解B篇)
主题:人与环境、人与动植物
Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometricshape, and the birds
were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical(对称的) shapes. This ability torecognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific
direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's
cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues(线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
Ⅰ.经典考题练
1.How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment
A.By following instructions.
B.By using a tool.
C.By turning the box around.
D.By removing the lid.
2.Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the passage
A.Using a key to unlock a door.
B.Telling parrots from other birds.
C.Putting a ball into a round hole.
D.Grouping toys of different shapes.
3.What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos
A.How far they are able to see.
B.How they track moving objects.
C.Whether they are smarter than monkeys.
D.Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
4.Which can be a suitable title for the passage
A.Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers
B.Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C.Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers
D.Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters
Ⅱ.高考词汇练
1.积累阅读词汇
(1)keyhole n.
(2)shaped adj.
(3)insert v.
(4)recognize v.
(5)specific adj.
(6)alone adj.& adv.
(7)entirely adv.
(8)unlock v.
(9)follow-up adj.
2.巧辨熟词生义
(1)keep A.v.供养;饲养 B.v.保持 C.v.存放;贮存
Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.
(2)around A.adv.围绕;环绕 B.adv.到处;向各处 C.adv.大约
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical shapes.
3.活用高频短语
let out; in most cases; work out; rely on; turn around
(1)As far as I'm concerned, this maths problem is very difficult to .
(2)Throwing their hats into the air,the fans of the winning team loud shouts of victory.
(3)After looking at the toy for some time, he and found his parents were missing.
(4)Today,we'll discuss a number of cases. Beginners of English fail to use the language properly .
(5)Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children, which makes the children their parents badly.
Ⅲ.靓句美篇练
1.难句赏析
(赏结构)This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”.
【句意】这种能够认识到需要将某个形状朝特定方向转动才适合的能力被称为“异中心参照系”。
【赏析】本句为主从复合句。句子的主干部分为 This ability is called an “allocentric frame of reference”。画线处为动词不定式作后置定语, 修饰 ability,其中包含that 引导的宾语从句以及before引导的 。
【即练】
If you miss this year's music festival, it may be a long time .如果你错过了今年的音乐节,可能要过很长一段时间才能参加这样的音乐会。
2.写作拓展
保护地球环境、倡导低碳生活是我们的职责。某英文报纸就“倡导学生应该如何进行低碳(节能)生活、环境保护”这一话题进行征文,请你投稿。请谈谈你平时的具体做法,你有何体会,并且今后打算做什么。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:温室效应greenhouse effect;低碳生活low-carbon life
_____________________________________________________________________
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UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
课前基础自查
Ⅰ.1.be sustained 2.was broadcast 3.seized 4.restored
5.was fined 6.comprehension
Ⅱ.1.Frequently; frequent 2.to starve; starvation 3.harmony; harmonious 4.to inspect; inspection 5.annually; annual
Ⅲ.①to ②of ③to ④in ⑤a ⑥on ⑦of ⑧in
Ⅳ.1.毫无疑问,地球正变得越来越暖和。
2.“自然”温室效应指来自太阳的热量进入大气层,以短波辐射的形式使地表变暖。
3.有了这些措施,人们相信漓江的美丽将被保存下来,留与后人(欣赏)。
课中考点突破
核心单词
1.①to ②would starve ③starvation ④starving children
2.①seized ②by ③Seize ④seize on/upon it immediately
3.①be submitted ②submission ③ourselves ④submit a report to the Student Union
4.①to ②to ③In ④can the issue be said
短语句式
5.①in ② from ③resulting in an increase
6.①doubts ②that; whether/if ③that ④There is no doubt that
课后应用拓展
基础多维巩固
维度1
1.has increased 2.restored 3.campaigns 4.of 5.to be released 6.have restricted 7.inspection 8.starvation 9.to submit 10.responsibilities
维度2
1.It remains to be seen 2.have increased by 10% 3.most of whom are well-educated 4.There is no doubt that 5.should/ought to have arrived 6.It hit/struck/occurred to him 7.get/are trapped in
经典试题拓展
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。
1.B 细节题。根据第1段中的“Though not known... in the cage.”和“...the birds were given five differently shaped ‘keys’ to choose from. Inserting the correct ‘keys’ would let out the nut.”可知,在实验中,凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。
2.C 细节题。根据第2段中的“In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical shapes.”可知,一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。
3.D 细节题。根据最后一段的内容可推知,后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在选择形状时是否还使用了触觉。
4.D 主旨题。通读全文,再结合第1段中的“Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.”可推知,本文主要介绍了会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉,故D选项最适合作本文标题。
Ⅱ.
1.(1)锁眼;钥匙孔 (2)具有(或呈)……形状的 (3)插入;嵌入 (4)认出;辨认出 (5)特有的;特定的 (6)仅仅;只 (7)全部地;完全地 (8)(用钥匙)开……的锁 (9)进一步的;接着的
2.(1)A (2)C
3.(1)work out (2)let out (3)turned around (4)in most cases (5)rely on
Ⅲ.
1.状语从句;before you can attend such a music concert
2.
It is our duty to protect the environment and live a low-carbon life. As a middle school student, I can do something to help. I try to use both sides of paper to save energy. What's more, when I buy things, I always take my own cloth bags instead of using plastic bags.
In my opinion, even the simplest everyday activities can make a difference to the environment. I will not only keep saving energy but also encourage others to do it. If everyone tries their best to protect the environment, I'm sure we'll have a better life.
2
课前基础自查——上承课前，下启课堂
Ⅰ.单句语法练
1.Recovery can't (sustain) unless more jobs are created.
2.The interview (broadcast) on the same day he was invested as President.
3.During the riots hundreds of people (seize) the opportunity to steal property.
4.Fortunately, the badly neglected paintings have all been carefully (restore).
5 She (fine) $300 and banned from driving for one month.
6.Henry understands the text very well, which shows that his reading (comprehend) ability has been greatly improved.
Ⅱ.词形变化练
1. hanging out with friends may result in absence from classes, which will interfere with their studies.(frequent)
2.The war caused many people to death. Bad luck also haunted the girl. Finally, she died of on a cold morning.(starve)
3.We students live in peace and with each other.
Our relationship results from our common goal.(harmony)
4.The police held up vehicles so as the drivers' licenses. And there will be more frequent rounds of .(inspect)
5.There is so much rain on the island , that is, its rainfall reaches as much as sixty inches.(annual)
Ⅲ.短语拓展练
1.When we refer ① environmental problems, we will think: huge amounts ② trees have been cut down; some animals have starved ③ death, and so on. It's human activities that result ④ these problems. Therefore, we must take effective measures to protect our environment.
2.Our school has launched ⑤ campaign against food waste. I, ⑥ behalf of us students, made a speech. I think with dozens ⑦ measures ⑧ effect, we students will reduce food waste.
Ⅳ.教材句式练
1.There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.(There is little/no doubt that...)
翻译:
2.The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation.(that 引导同
位语从句)
翻译:
3.With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.(it作形式主语)
翻译:
课中考点突破——顺承自查，夯实考点
【主题情境】
Saihanba, which covers 92,000 hectares, had by the 1950s become barren due to excessive logging.In 1962, hundreds of foresters began planting trees in the area. Three generations of these foresters have increased forest cover from 11 percent to 80 percent.It has spurred economic growth with green sectors, generating $15.1 million in 2016 alone, according to the release from the UN Environment.塞罕坝占地9.2万公顷,由于过度采伐,到20世纪50年代这里的土地日渐贫瘠。1962年,数百名护林员开始在这一地区植树。三代护林员将森林覆盖率从11%提高到80%。联合国环境署发布的数据显示,该人造林刺激了绿色行业的经济增长,仅在2016年就创造了1510万美元的收入。
We should do something to stop people from doing bad things to the environment.We should put rubbish into dustbins instead of throwing it about. Everyone must care for flowers,grass and trees in public.We should collect things like paper,plastic bags in our neighborhood as well.It's necessary to plant more trees every year.It is everyone's duty to make our neighborhood much better with our hands and minds.我们应该做些什么来阻止人们对环境做一些不好的事情。我们应该把垃圾放进垃圾箱而不是到处扔。每个人都必须爱护公共场所的花、草、树木。我们也应该收集社区的一些像纸、塑料袋之类的东西。每年种植更多的树是必要的。用我们的双手和头脑使我们的社区变得更好是我们每一个人的职责。
【核心单词】
1.starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿;饿死 (starvation n.饥饿;挨饿)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2023·江西抚州模拟)If it had not been for the money he lent me, I could have starved death.
二清知识清障(累知识)
·starve to death 饥饿而死
starve for (=long for=be eager for) sth 渴望某物
starve sb into doing sth 断绝食物(或资金)来源以迫使某人做某事
·die of starvation 死于饥饿
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②At that time people (starve) if food was difficult to find.
③In contrast to our ignorance of saving food, many people especially those in poverty-stricken areas are suffering from (starve).
④(2023·四川德阳模拟·写作)We are collecting money in aid of .为帮助饥饿的孩子们,我们正在募捐。
2.seize vt.抓住;捉住;夺取;攻占;控制
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·北京)Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically (seize).
二清知识清障(累知识)
seize sb by the...抓住某人的……
seize sth from sb 从某人手中夺取某物
seize on/upon 抓住(可利用的事物);突然对……大为关注
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②The policeman seized him the arm and took him to the police station.
③ (seize) the chance, otherwise you'll regret it.
④(2023·南京一中月考·写作)If you think your idea has potential, .你如果觉得你的想法很有潜力,立刻抓住它吧。
3.submit vt.&vi.提交;呈递;屈服 (submissive adj.服从的;顺从的;恭顺的
submission n.屈服;呈送;提交)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ)All the assignments will (submit) by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
二清知识清障(累知识)
submit sth to sb 提交/呈递某物给某人
submit (oneself) to sb/sth 顺从;屈服
submit that 提议;认为;主张;建议
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②It is necessary to fix a definite date for the (submit) of your paper.
③We will submit (us) to the court's judgement.
④(2023·辽宁锦州模拟·写作)Along with your wonderful innovation, you need to , explaining how the idea occurred to you and what materials you used.除了出色的创意之外,你还需要向学生会提交一份报告,解释你是如何想到这个点子的,以及你使用了哪些材料。
4.sensitive adj.敏感的;善解人意的;灵敏的 (sense n.感觉;见识;意义;理智v.感觉到;意识到)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·全国乙)The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.
二清知识清障(累知识)
·be sensitive to 对……敏感
·make sense 讲得通;有道理;有意义
make sense of 理解;弄懂
in a sense 在某种意义上
in no sense 决不;一点也不
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②I learned that most fish are cold-blooded animals and therefore are very sensitive water temperature.
③ a sense it doesn't matter any more, so it doesn't need considering.
④The issue can in no sense be said to be resolved.(句式转换)
→In no sense to be resolved.(倒装句)
【短语句式】
5.result in 引起;导致
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
·result from 由……引起
·as a result 结果
as a result of 由于;作为……的结果
without result 毫无结果地;无效地;徒劳地
除result in外,常见的表示“引起;导致”的词(组)还有cause、lead to、bring about、contribute to等。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①Harry's carelessness resulted his failure in the entrance examination.
②This traffic accident resulted completely the man's drunk driving.
③A number of new machines were installed in the factory,thus in production.这家工厂安装了许多新机器,从而提高了产量。
6.There is little doubt that...
(P26)There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.毫无疑问,地球正变得越来越暖和。
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
·I have no doubt that...=I don't doubt that... 我确信……
I have doubt whether...=I doubt if/whether... 我怀疑……
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
without doubt=beyond doubt 毫无疑问
·undoubtedly adv.毫无疑问地
doubt可作动词或名词。在否定句和疑问句中,doubt后跟that引导的宾语从句(doubt v.)或同位语从句(doubt n.);在肯定句中,后接whether或if引导的宾语从句(doubt v.)或whether引导的同位语从句(doubt n.)。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①If we are in the habit of raising (doubt) as to whether what we are told is true, we can find the correct answer.
②I have no doubt you will succeed, but I doubt you have really got everything ready.
③I don't doubt a friendly and harmonious environment is of great importance to us all.
④(2023·浙江衢州模拟·写作) staying up is more likely to result in over-anxiety.毫无疑问,熬夜更有可能导致过度焦虑。
课后应用拓展——源于教材，对标高考
【基础多维巩固】
维度1 词法强化练
1.(2022·北京)The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019.The world won't survive if this situation continues.
2.(2021·全国甲)It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely (restore).
3.A range of green (campaign) have been launched globally in response to the gravity of the climate crisis.
4.Every weekend there are dozens football and basketball matches on television.
5.He is expected (release) from hospital.
6.These dams (restrict) the flow of the river downstream so far.
7.Make sure all the lifts must undergo an annual safety (inspect).
8.Millions of people will face (starve) next year as a result of the drought.
9.I had asked everyone (submit) questions in advance of the meeting.
10.He's going to share with us the challenges and (responsible) of his work.
维度2 写作增分练
1.手术成功与否还有待观察。
whether the operation is successful or not.
2.在过去的五年里食品价格已经上涨10%。
Food prices over the past 5 years.
3.许多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想,他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。
Many young people, , headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
4.毫无疑问,沿长江旅行会是一个更好的选择。
the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.
5.他本该上午8点到达的,但他没有出现。
He at 8 am, but he didn't show up.
6.他突然想起今天是他的生日。
that today was his birthday.
7.这些海洋动物被困在渔网里,同时还受到了其他人类活动的伤害。
These sea animals fishing nets and are harmed by other human activities as well.
【经典试题拓展】
(2022·全国甲·阅读理解B篇)
主题:人与环境、人与动植物
Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometricshape, and the birds
were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical(对称的) shapes. This ability torecognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific
direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's
cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues(线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
Ⅰ.经典考题练
1.How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment
A.By following instructions.
B.By using a tool.
C.By turning the box around.
D.By removing the lid.
2.Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the passage
A.Using a key to unlock a door.
B.Telling parrots from other birds.
C.Putting a ball into a round hole.
D.Grouping toys of different shapes.
3.What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos
A.How far they are able to see.
B.How they track moving objects.
C.Whether they are smarter than monkeys.
D.Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
4.Which can be a suitable title for the passage
A.Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers
B.Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C.Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers
D.Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters
Ⅱ.高考词汇练
1.积累阅读词汇
(1)keyhole n.
(2)shaped adj.
(3)insert v.
(4)recognize v.
(5)specific adj.
(6)alone adj.& adv.
(7)entirely adv.
(8)unlock v.
(9)follow-up adj.
2.巧辨熟词生义
(1)keep A.v.供养;饲养 B.v.保持 C.v.存放;贮存
Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.
(2)around A.adv.围绕;环绕 B.adv.到处;向各处 C.adv.大约
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical shapes.
3.活用高频短语
let out; in most cases; work out; rely on; turn around
(1)As far as I'm concerned, this maths problem is very difficult to .
(2)Throwing their hats into the air,the fans of the winning team loud shouts of victory.
(3)After looking at the toy for some time, he and found his parents were missing.
(4)Today,we'll discuss a number of cases. Beginners of English fail to use the language properly .
(5)Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children, which makes the children their parents badly.
Ⅲ.靓句美篇练
1.难句赏析
(赏结构)This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”.
【句意】这种能够认识到需要将某个形状朝特定方向转动才适合的能力被称为“异中心参照系”。
【赏析】本句为主从复合句。句子的主干部分为 This ability is called an “allocentric frame of reference”。画线处为动词不定式作后置定语, 修饰 ability,其中包含that 引导的宾语从句以及before引导的 。
【即练】
If you miss this year's music festival, it may be a long time .如果你错过了今年的音乐节,可能要过很长一段时间才能参加这样的音乐会。
2.写作拓展
保护地球环境、倡导低碳生活是我们的职责。某英文报纸就“倡导学生应该如何进行低碳(节能)生活、环境保护”这一话题进行征文,请你投稿。请谈谈你平时的具体做法,你有何体会,并且今后打算做什么。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:温室效应greenhouse effect;低碳生活low-carbon life
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UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
课前基础自查
Ⅰ.1.be sustained 2.was broadcast 3.seized 4.restored
5.was fined 6.comprehension
Ⅱ.1.Frequently; frequent 2.to starve; starvation 3.harmony; harmonious 4.to inspect; inspection 5.annually; annual
Ⅲ.①to ②of ③to ④in ⑤a ⑥on ⑦of ⑧in
Ⅳ.1.毫无疑问,地球正变得越来越暖和。
2.“自然”温室效应指来自太阳的热量进入大气层,以短波辐射的形式使地表变暖。
3.有了这些措施,人们相信漓江的美丽将被保存下来,留与后人(欣赏)。
课中考点突破
核心单词
1.①to ②would starve ③starvation ④starving children
2.①seized ②by ③Seize ④seize on/upon it immediately
3.①be submitted ②submission ③ourselves ④submit a report to the Student Union
4.①to ②to ③In ④can the issue be said
短语句式
5.①in ② from ③resulting in an increase
6.①doubts ②that; whether/if ③that ④There is no doubt that
课后应用拓展
基础多维巩固
维度1
1.has increased 2.restored 3.campaigns 4.of 5.to be released 6.have restricted 7.inspection 8.starvation 9.to submit 10.responsibilities
维度2
1.It remains to be seen 2.have increased by 10% 3.most of whom are well-educated 4.There is no doubt that 5.should/ought to have arrived 6.It hit/struck/occurred to him 7.get/are trapped in
经典试题拓展
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。
1.B 细节题。根据第1段中的“Though not known... in the cage.”和“...the birds were given five differently shaped ‘keys’ to choose from. Inserting the correct ‘keys’ would let out the nut.”可知,在实验中,凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。
2.C 细节题。根据第2段中的“In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical shapes.”可知,一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。
3.D 细节题。根据最后一段的内容可推知,后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在选择形状时是否还使用了触觉。
4.D 主旨题。通读全文,再结合第1段中的“Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.”可推知,本文主要介绍了会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉,故D选项最适合作本文标题。
Ⅱ.
1.(1)锁眼;钥匙孔 (2)具有(或呈)……形状的 (3)插入;嵌入 (4)认出;辨认出 (5)特有的;特定的 (6)仅仅;只 (7)全部地;完全地 (8)(用钥匙)开……的锁 (9)进一步的;接着的
2.(1)A (2)C
3.(1)work out (2)let out (3)turned around (4)in most cases (5)rely on
Ⅲ.
1.状语从句;before you can attend such a music concert
2.
It is our duty to protect the environment and live a low-carbon life. As a middle school student, I can do something to help. I try to use both sides of paper to save energy. What's more, when I buy things, I always take my own cloth bags instead of using plastic bags.
In my opinion, even the simplest everyday activities can make a difference to the environment. I will not only keep saving energy but also encourage others to do it. If everyone tries their best to protect the environment, I'm sure we'll have a better life.
2