人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Courage学案 （含答案）
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UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
课前基础自查——上承课前，下启课堂
Ⅰ.单句语法练
1. (candidate) who fail to meet the requirements will not be admitted to the university.
2.The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of (abandon) to the care of strangers.
3.The dog suddenly started (bark) at us.
4.Applicants in technical (assign) must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institution.
5.If you want to attract more customers, try (advertise) in the local paper.
Ⅱ.词形变化练
1.Many people are planting trees with great , which makes us more about environmental protection. (enthusiasm)
2.He was such a man that he treated other people , even his family members. His leads to his loneliness.(cruel)
3.The teacher us through all the important points and we got fully prepared under the of her before the exam.(guide)
4. , he got involved in a car accident on the way home, but he was enough to be saved in time by two passers-by.(fortunate)
5.Thirty graduates for the post. All these filled in the application forms seriously.(apply)
Ⅲ.短语拓展练
1.Tom had to turn ① the invitation to the birthday party because he would go ② the plane to Southern America, where he applied ③ join an expedition. But on his way to the airport, he was stuck ④ a traffic jam.
2.He was bored ⑤ it. What ⑥ he couldn't manage to get to the airport But the driver told Tom to hold ⑦ patiently. He followed the driver's advice and finally he made ⑧ and didn't miss the flight.
Ⅳ.教材句式练
1.We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.(现在完成进行时)
翻译:
2.Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all.(there is a chance)
翻译:
3.There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up.(There is/was nothing like...)
翻译:
4.If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve.(if引导虚拟条件句)
翻译:
课中考点突破——顺承自查，夯实考点
【主题情境】
Typhoon is a kind of tropical cyclone. China divides tropical cyclones in the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific into six levels according to the maximum average wind speed near the bottom center. Among them, those with wind force of 12 or above near the center are collectively referred to as typhoons.台风,属于热带气旋的一种。中国把南海与西北太平洋的热带气旋按其底层中心附近最大平均风力(风速)大小划分为6个等级,其中,中心附近风力达12级或以上的,统称为台风。
The sandstorm weather mainly occurs in late spring and early summer. This is because there is little precipitation in the arid area in winter and spring, the surface is abnormally dry and loose, and the wind erosion resistance is very weak. When there is a strong wind, a large amount of dust will be drawn into the air to form a sandstorm weather.沙尘暴天气主要发生在春末夏初。这是由于冬春季干旱区降水甚少, 地表异常干燥松散, 抗风蚀能力很弱。大风刮过时,大量沙尘卷入空中, 形成沙尘暴天气。
【核心单词】
1.enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的 (enthusiasm n.热情 enthusiast n.热衷……的人;爱好者 enthusiastically adv.热情地;热心地)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·北京)Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice (enthusiastic) seized.
二清知识清障(累知识)
be enthusiastic about sth对某事热心;热衷于某事
be enthusiastic to do sth 喜欢/热衷做某事
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②He is enthusiastic both study and physical labour.
③The news was greeted with a lack of (enthusiastic) by those at the meeting.
④(2023·四川凉山模拟·写作)As you can see,the children were really encouraged,and they .正如你看见的,这些孩子倍受鼓舞,也热衷于读所有的这些书。
2.aboard adv.& prep.在(船、飞机、火车、公共汽车等)上 [board n.木板;董事会;膳食;伙食 v.寄宿;上船(或飞机、火车、公共汽车等)]
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2023·华中师大附中月考)The passengers went board the plane at 9:00 am.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
·go/get aboard 上(车、船、飞机)等
·on board 搭乘船(飞机、车等);在船(飞机、车等)上
go on board 上(车、船、飞机)等
on board的基本意思是在某种交通工具上或搭乘某种交通工具,可用作副词、介词等。注意:它用作介词时,其后可直接跟表示交通工具的名词,而无须在其后加介词of。如:go on board the train。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②By the time I rushed to the train station, he (go) aboard.
③(2023·昆明一中月考·写作)The scientist Tu Youyou is famous both .科学家屠呦呦享誉国内外。
3.assign vt.分派;布置;分配 (assignment n.任务;工作;分派)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ)Students will work in groups to complete four (assign) during the course.
二清知识清障(累知识)
assign sb sth=assign sth to sb 分配给某人某事
assign sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
assign time/place for... 为……确定时间/地点
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②He assigned me (wash) the dishes.
③She's going to India on a special (assign) for her newspaper.
④(2023·广东中山模拟·写作)Although I had read the book several times,it didn't make any sense to me.虽然我把老师布置的书读了好几遍,但是我仍然看不懂。
4.abandon v.放弃;遗弃;抛弃;沉湎于 n.放任;放纵 (abandoned adj.被抛弃的;废弃的;放纵的)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·全国乙)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel (abandon).
二清知识清障(累知识)
·abandon oneself to...纵情/沉溺于……
abandon doing...放弃做……
·with abandon放纵地;尽情地
·be abandoned to...沉溺于……
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②Finally, we ended up in an (abandon) village.
③My doctor advised me to abandon (smoke).
④He abandoned himself to playing computer games and didn't pass the exam.
→ , he didn't pass the exam.(现在分词短语作状语)
→ , he didn't pass the exam.(过去分词短语作状语)
5.guidance n.指导;引导;导航 (guide n.指南;指导者;导游 vt.给某人领路;指导;指示)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·全国乙)It's urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline, and it's also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen the (guide).
二清知识清障(累知识)
·under the guidance of sb=under sb's guidance 在某人的指导下
·guide sb to... 领某人去……(to为介词)
guide sb in doing... 指导某人做……
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②This middle path would guide him the target.
③It will guide you getting the necessary resources from your workspace.
④We were guided by a local guide and visited the famous church.
→ , we visited the famous church.(过去分词短语作状语)
6.resolve n.决心;坚定的信念 vi.&vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难) (近义词:decide v.决定)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·全国甲)It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at (resolve).
二清知识清障(累知识)
resolve against 决定反对
resolve by 通过……解决
resolve into 分解成
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②The differences among them should (resolve) by consultation.
③It (resolve) that our school would set up a lunchroom.
④(2023·江西鹰潭模拟·写作)You should make an attempt ; otherwise you would regret.你应该试着解决一下这个问题, 否则你会留有遗憾的。
【短语句式】
7.turn down调低;拒绝
一清知识清障(累知识)
turn on/off 打开/关掉
turn up 出现;露面;调大(声音)
turn away 拒之门外;不准入内
turn in 上交;向内拐;使自首
turn to 求助于;转向;致力于
turn over 翻转;移交
turn out 生产;结果是
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①The school is over. I would be grateful to you for turning the lights.
②Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. This time, she (turn) down the fire so it cooked nicely.
③When you are in trouble, you can ask me for help.(词汇升级)
→When you are in trouble, you can me for help.
8.if引导虚拟条件句
(P44)If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve.要不是这些海洋动物,我们都得挨饿。
一清知识清障(累知识)
此处是非真实条件句,使用虚拟语气。非真实条件句中的虚拟语气主要有以下几种情况:
非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实相反的假设 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反的假设 had+过去分词 would/could/should/might+have+过去分词
与将来事实相反的假设 动词的过去式 would/could/should/might+动词原形
were to+动词原形
should+动词原形
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①If Tom (spend) more time studying,he (be) able to do well in the test now.
②Had I known about this computer program,a huge amount of time and energy (save).
③This printer is of good quality.If it (break) down within the first year,we would repair it at our expense.
④(2023·甘肃天水模拟·写作)We back in the hotel now if you hadn't lost the map.如果你没有丢失地图,我们现在已经回到酒店了。
9.such...that...引导结果状语从句
(P45)When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. 当我们最终获救的时候,我们感到如此欣慰和快乐,以至于我们当中的很多人掩藏不住泪水。
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
·such...that...句型的常见形式:
such+a(n)+adj.+n.(可数名词单数)+that...
such+adj.+n.(可数名词复数/不可数名词)+that...
·so...that...句型的常见形式:
so+adj./adv.+that...
so+adj.+a(n)+n.(可数名词单数)+that...
so+many/few/much/little+n.(可数名词复数/不可数名词)+that...
当so/such及其后的成分放在句首时,主句用部分倒装。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①Actually, there are many selfless people around us that they well deserve our respect.
②As can be seen from the picture,a boy is burdened with heavy homework that it seems as if he can hardly bear it any more.
③(2023·江苏海门模考·写作) that everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.排球比赛意义重大,每个人都应该提前到达学校体育场。
课后应用拓展——源于教材，对标高考
【基础多维巩固】
维度1 词法强化练
1.(2022·新高考Ⅰ)“Come on! You can make ! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically.
2.(2022·北京)This was the very door I carefully (guide) the children through to ensure their safety from the bitter cold.
3.(2021·北京)If you do not receive any update within six months,it means that your (apply) has not been successful.
4.Recent research suggests that if an argument gets (resolve), the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased.
5.Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural (belong).
6.Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned a farm, which looked (abandon).
7.It must (rain) last night, for the road was very wet.
8.John featured in one of the show's most thrilling (episode).
维度2 写作增分练
1.(2023·安徽芜湖模拟·写作)我们学校附近曾经有一个美丽的公园,下课后我们经常去那里散步。
near our school, where we often took a walk after class.
2.整个早上我一直在打乒乓球,所以我浑身是汗。
I ping-pong all the morning, so I'm sweating.
3.没有你的帮助,我们不可能成功。
Without your help, we .
4.随着国庆节的临近,我们班决定聚在一起来庆祝一下。
, our class decided to gather together to celebrate it.
5.她用了很长时间才改变主意。
change her mind.
6.碰巧他们也被邀请来参加聚会。
they were also invited to the party.
7.不管多晚,他妈妈都会等他一起吃饭。
,his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
【经典试题拓展】
(2023·河南郑州模拟·阅读理解C篇)
主题:优秀品行、正确的人生态度
I wish I'd been more confident in my own abilities, especially when I was at school.
I was a shy child and struggled a bit when talking to other people. On the whole, my parents were very supportive, always encouraging me and trying to help me relax in social situations, but I was always terribly self-conscious. I wish I hadn't been so worried about what everybody thought of me. I know now that if you are extremely shy, then it's hard work to have a conversation with you. Now I try to think about the other person I'm talking to and put them at ease in my company. However, at school, I found it especially difficult in my peer group. I wasn't competitive, but I was aware of my appearance and I always compared myself to other people, usually coming to the conclusion that I wasn't as clever or as popular or as cool as they were. I wanted to be popular. I know now that
the kids who are considered the coolest at school aren't necessarily the most popular or successful when they grow up.
I realize now that everything changes during your teen years—physically, mentally, socially and emotionally—and I just had a harder time than most. I wish I hadn't let it stop me from doing things, though. I wish I'd taken a gap year or at least traveled more when I left school. But to tell the truth, I didn't have the courage to travel alone before going to college. I could have gone to Europe and America with a friend as I'd saved up enough money, but in the end I just didn't want to do it. My parents really wanted me to try a gap year. They said it would be a great experience before college. I think they were right, and now I won't have another opportunity to do that for a long time.
Ⅰ.经典考题练
1.What can be learned about the author when she was a child
A.She felt uncomfortable with her parents.
B.She found being sociable difficult.
C.She was considered too direct.
D.She lived a rich life.
2.What did the author think of herself as a teen
A.She had a big heart.
B.She was a first-class student.
C.She used to let her parents down.
D.She suffered greatly during her teen years.
3.What does the author regret
A.Not paying enough attention to her parents.
B.Not saving up enough money to go abroad.
C.Not going to college together with her best friend.
D.Not being brave enough to travel before college.
4.Why does the author write this passage
A.To honor her parents.
B.To share her life lessons.
C.To remember her childhood.
D.To discuss skills needed for school.
Ⅱ.高考词汇练
1.积累阅读词汇
(1)confident adj.
(2)struggle vi.
(3)supportive adj.
(4)self-conscious adj.
(5)competitive adj.
(6)popular adj.
2.巧辨熟词生义
(1)realize A.v.发生;产生 B.v.认识到;意识到 C.v.实现
I realize now that everything changes during your teen years—physically, mentally, socially and emotionally—and I just had a harder time than most.
(2)experience A.n.(由实践得来的)经验
B.n.经历 C.n.传统
My parents really wanted me to try a gap year. They said it would be a great experience before college.
3.活用高频短语
be worried about; at ease; be aware of; at least
(1)The first thing I was all the vivid colours surrounding me—purples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues and greens.
(2)It is likely that Native Americans were living in California fifteen thousand years ago.
(3)If you your health,share your anxiety with your doctor.
(4)The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile—its function is to show happiness and put people .
Ⅲ.靓句美篇练
1.难句赏析
(赏结构) I wasn't competitive, but I was aware of my appearance and I always compared myself to other people, usually coming to the conclusion that I wasn't as clever or as popular or as cool as they were.
【句意】我没有好胜心,但我知道自己的外表,我总是把自己与其他人做比较,通常得出的结论是我没有他们那么聪明、那么受欢迎或那么酷。
【赏析】本句为but连接的表示转折关系的并列句。第二个分句包含了and连接的并列句。画线处为现在分词短语作 ,其中名词conclusion后面是that引导的同位语从句。
【即练】
The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, .凉爽的风通过我们卧室的窗户吹进来,使得开空调没有必要了。
2.写作拓展
假定你是李华,你们班下周将举行主题为“What Difficulty or Frustration Means to Me”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿,内容包括:
1.最近遇到的困难或挫折;
2.对困难或挫折的认识与应对方法;
3.对未来的期许。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
What Difficulty or Frustration Means to Me
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
课前基础自查
Ⅰ.1.Candidates 2.being abandoned 3.to bark 4.assignments 5.advertising
Ⅱ.1.enthusiasm; enthusiastic 2.cruel; cruelly; cruelty
3.guided; guidance 4.Unfortunately; fortunate
5.applied; applicants
Ⅲ.①down ②aboard ③to ④in ⑤with ⑥if ⑦on ⑧it
Ⅳ.1.我们现在在冰上扎营,一直在想方设法存活下来。但是春天将至,冰很快就会开始融化。
2.毕竟,也许我们有机会回家。
3.没有什么比一顿好饭和一点音乐更能让我们振作起来了。
4.要不是这些海洋动物,我们都得挨饿。
课中考点突破
核心单词
1.①enthusiastically ②about ③enthusiasm ④were also enthusiastic to read all of these books
2.①on ②had gone ③at home and abroad
3.①assignments ②to wash ③assignment ④assigned by the teacher
4.①abandoned ②abandoned ③smoking ④Abandoning himself to playing computer games;Abandoned to playing computer games
5.①guidance ②to ③in ④Guided by a local guide
6.①resolving ②be resolved ③was resolved ④to resolve this problem
短语句式
7.①off ②turned ③turn to
8.①had spent;would/could/should/might be ②would/could/should/might have been saved ③should break/broke
④would/could/should/might be
9.①so ②such ③So significant is the volleyball match
课后应用拓展
基础多维巩固
维度1
1.it 2.guided 3.application 4.resolved 5.belonging
6.abandoned 7.have rained 8.episodes
维度2
1.There used to be a beautiful park 2.have been playing
3.couldn't have succeeded 4.With National Day approaching 5.It took her a long time to 6.It happened that 7.No matter how/However late he is
经典试题拓展
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 文章主要讲述了作者从小到大害羞的感悟和心路历程,作者希望自己能更自信些。
1.B 推断题。根据第2段中的“I was a shy child and struggled a bit when talking to other people.”以及“However, at school, I found it especially difficult in my peer group.”可知,作者发现与人交往很困难。
2.D 细节题。根据第3段内容,尤其是第1句可知,作者在青少年时期遭受了很大的痛苦。
3.D 细节题。根据第3段中的“I wish I'd taken a gap year or at least traveled more when I left school. But to tell the truth, I didn't have the courage to travel alone before going to college.”可知,作者对上大学前没有足够的勇气去旅行感到遗憾。
4.B 推断题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了作者从小到大害羞的感悟和心路历程。作者主要是在分享人生经验。
Ⅱ.
1.(1)自信的 (2)奋斗;努力 (3)给予帮助的;支持的 (4)难为情的;不自在的 (5)竞争的;好胜的;有竞争力的 (6)受喜爱的;受欢迎的
2.(1)B (2)B
3.(1)was aware of (2)at least (3)are worried about (4)at ease
Ⅲ.
1.结果状语;making air conditioning unnecessary
2.
What Difficulty or Frustration Means to Me
Hello, everyone. I'm honoured to make a speech here. Honestly speaking, I performed badly in the latest exams. Sad as I was, I've come to understand that the frustration is an opportunity for me.
Personally, frustration contributes to further success. To begin with, frustration is a mirror of my problems, and the relevant knowledge and skills I'm short of stand out. Thus, a schedule to solve them forms quickly. The more advances I've made, the fewer problems I'll be confronted with. Consequently, I'll move on with a sense of achievement and tremendous confidence.
In short, frustration is well received by me. I hope a hit is waiting for me there.
That's all.Thank you.
2
课前基础自查——上承课前，下启课堂
Ⅰ.单句语法练
1. (candidate) who fail to meet the requirements will not be admitted to the university.
2.The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of (abandon) to the care of strangers.
3.The dog suddenly started (bark) at us.
4.Applicants in technical (assign) must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institution.
5.If you want to attract more customers, try (advertise) in the local paper.
Ⅱ.词形变化练
1.Many people are planting trees with great , which makes us more about environmental protection. (enthusiasm)
2.He was such a man that he treated other people , even his family members. His leads to his loneliness.(cruel)
3.The teacher us through all the important points and we got fully prepared under the of her before the exam.(guide)
4. , he got involved in a car accident on the way home, but he was enough to be saved in time by two passers-by.(fortunate)
5.Thirty graduates for the post. All these filled in the application forms seriously.(apply)
Ⅲ.短语拓展练
1.Tom had to turn ① the invitation to the birthday party because he would go ② the plane to Southern America, where he applied ③ join an expedition. But on his way to the airport, he was stuck ④ a traffic jam.
2.He was bored ⑤ it. What ⑥ he couldn't manage to get to the airport But the driver told Tom to hold ⑦ patiently. He followed the driver's advice and finally he made ⑧ and didn't miss the flight.
Ⅳ.教材句式练
1.We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.(现在完成进行时)
翻译:
2.Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all.(there is a chance)
翻译:
3.There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up.(There is/was nothing like...)
翻译:
4.If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve.(if引导虚拟条件句)
翻译:
课中考点突破——顺承自查，夯实考点
【主题情境】
Typhoon is a kind of tropical cyclone. China divides tropical cyclones in the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific into six levels according to the maximum average wind speed near the bottom center. Among them, those with wind force of 12 or above near the center are collectively referred to as typhoons.台风,属于热带气旋的一种。中国把南海与西北太平洋的热带气旋按其底层中心附近最大平均风力(风速)大小划分为6个等级,其中,中心附近风力达12级或以上的,统称为台风。
The sandstorm weather mainly occurs in late spring and early summer. This is because there is little precipitation in the arid area in winter and spring, the surface is abnormally dry and loose, and the wind erosion resistance is very weak. When there is a strong wind, a large amount of dust will be drawn into the air to form a sandstorm weather.沙尘暴天气主要发生在春末夏初。这是由于冬春季干旱区降水甚少, 地表异常干燥松散, 抗风蚀能力很弱。大风刮过时,大量沙尘卷入空中, 形成沙尘暴天气。
【核心单词】
1.enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的 (enthusiasm n.热情 enthusiast n.热衷……的人;爱好者 enthusiastically adv.热情地;热心地)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·北京)Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice (enthusiastic) seized.
二清知识清障(累知识)
be enthusiastic about sth对某事热心;热衷于某事
be enthusiastic to do sth 喜欢/热衷做某事
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②He is enthusiastic both study and physical labour.
③The news was greeted with a lack of (enthusiastic) by those at the meeting.
④(2023·四川凉山模拟·写作)As you can see,the children were really encouraged,and they .正如你看见的,这些孩子倍受鼓舞,也热衷于读所有的这些书。
2.aboard adv.& prep.在(船、飞机、火车、公共汽车等)上 [board n.木板;董事会;膳食;伙食 v.寄宿;上船(或飞机、火车、公共汽车等)]
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2023·华中师大附中月考)The passengers went board the plane at 9:00 am.
二清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
·go/get aboard 上(车、船、飞机)等
·on board 搭乘船(飞机、车等);在船(飞机、车等)上
go on board 上(车、船、飞机)等
on board的基本意思是在某种交通工具上或搭乘某种交通工具,可用作副词、介词等。注意:它用作介词时,其后可直接跟表示交通工具的名词,而无须在其后加介词of。如:go on board the train。
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②By the time I rushed to the train station, he (go) aboard.
③(2023·昆明一中月考·写作)The scientist Tu Youyou is famous both .科学家屠呦呦享誉国内外。
3.assign vt.分派;布置;分配 (assignment n.任务;工作;分派)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ)Students will work in groups to complete four (assign) during the course.
二清知识清障(累知识)
assign sb sth=assign sth to sb 分配给某人某事
assign sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
assign time/place for... 为……确定时间/地点
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②He assigned me (wash) the dishes.
③She's going to India on a special (assign) for her newspaper.
④(2023·广东中山模拟·写作)Although I had read the book several times,it didn't make any sense to me.虽然我把老师布置的书读了好几遍,但是我仍然看不懂。
4.abandon v.放弃;遗弃;抛弃;沉湎于 n.放任;放纵 (abandoned adj.被抛弃的;废弃的;放纵的)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·全国乙)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel (abandon).
二清知识清障(累知识)
·abandon oneself to...纵情/沉溺于……
abandon doing...放弃做……
·with abandon放纵地;尽情地
·be abandoned to...沉溺于……
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②Finally, we ended up in an (abandon) village.
③My doctor advised me to abandon (smoke).
④He abandoned himself to playing computer games and didn't pass the exam.
→ , he didn't pass the exam.(现在分词短语作状语)
→ , he didn't pass the exam.(过去分词短语作状语)
5.guidance n.指导;引导;导航 (guide n.指南;指导者;导游 vt.给某人领路;指导;指示)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·全国乙)It's urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline, and it's also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen the (guide).
二清知识清障(累知识)
·under the guidance of sb=under sb's guidance 在某人的指导下
·guide sb to... 领某人去……(to为介词)
guide sb in doing... 指导某人做……
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②This middle path would guide him the target.
③It will guide you getting the necessary resources from your workspace.
④We were guided by a local guide and visited the famous church.
→ , we visited the famous church.(过去分词短语作状语)
6.resolve n.决心;坚定的信念 vi.&vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难) (近义词:decide v.决定)
一测经典测试(探考向)
①(2022·全国甲)It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at (resolve).
二清知识清障(累知识)
resolve against 决定反对
resolve by 通过……解决
resolve into 分解成
三评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
②The differences among them should (resolve) by consultation.
③It (resolve) that our school would set up a lunchroom.
④(2023·江西鹰潭模拟·写作)You should make an attempt ; otherwise you would regret.你应该试着解决一下这个问题, 否则你会留有遗憾的。
【短语句式】
7.turn down调低;拒绝
一清知识清障(累知识)
turn on/off 打开/关掉
turn up 出现;露面;调大(声音)
turn away 拒之门外;不准入内
turn in 上交;向内拐;使自首
turn to 求助于;转向;致力于
turn over 翻转;移交
turn out 生产;结果是
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①The school is over. I would be grateful to you for turning the lights.
②Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. This time, she (turn) down the fire so it cooked nicely.
③When you are in trouble, you can ask me for help.(词汇升级)
→When you are in trouble, you can me for help.
8.if引导虚拟条件句
(P44)If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve.要不是这些海洋动物,我们都得挨饿。
一清知识清障(累知识)
此处是非真实条件句,使用虚拟语气。非真实条件句中的虚拟语气主要有以下几种情况:
非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实相反的假设 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反的假设 had+过去分词 would/could/should/might+have+过去分词
与将来事实相反的假设 动词的过去式 would/could/should/might+动词原形
were to+动词原形
should+动词原形
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①If Tom (spend) more time studying,he (be) able to do well in the test now.
②Had I known about this computer program,a huge amount of time and energy (save).
③This printer is of good quality.If it (break) down within the first year,we would repair it at our expense.
④(2023·甘肃天水模拟·写作)We back in the hotel now if you hadn't lost the map.如果你没有丢失地图,我们现在已经回到酒店了。
9.such...that...引导结果状语从句
(P45)When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. 当我们最终获救的时候,我们感到如此欣慰和快乐,以至于我们当中的很多人掩藏不住泪水。
一清知识清障(累知识/析误区)
·such...that...句型的常见形式:
such+a(n)+adj.+n.(可数名词单数)+that...
such+adj.+n.(可数名词复数/不可数名词)+that...
·so...that...句型的常见形式:
so+adj./adv.+that...
so+adj.+a(n)+n.(可数名词单数)+that...
so+many/few/much/little+n.(可数名词复数/不可数名词)+that...
当so/such及其后的成分放在句首时,主句用部分倒装。
二评多向评价(练用法/写美句)
①Actually, there are many selfless people around us that they well deserve our respect.
②As can be seen from the picture,a boy is burdened with heavy homework that it seems as if he can hardly bear it any more.
③(2023·江苏海门模考·写作) that everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.排球比赛意义重大,每个人都应该提前到达学校体育场。
课后应用拓展——源于教材，对标高考
【基础多维巩固】
维度1 词法强化练
1.(2022·新高考Ⅰ)“Come on! You can make ! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically.
2.(2022·北京)This was the very door I carefully (guide) the children through to ensure their safety from the bitter cold.
3.(2021·北京)If you do not receive any update within six months,it means that your (apply) has not been successful.
4.Recent research suggests that if an argument gets (resolve), the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased.
5.Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural (belong).
6.Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned a farm, which looked (abandon).
7.It must (rain) last night, for the road was very wet.
8.John featured in one of the show's most thrilling (episode).
维度2 写作增分练
1.(2023·安徽芜湖模拟·写作)我们学校附近曾经有一个美丽的公园,下课后我们经常去那里散步。
near our school, where we often took a walk after class.
2.整个早上我一直在打乒乓球,所以我浑身是汗。
I ping-pong all the morning, so I'm sweating.
3.没有你的帮助,我们不可能成功。
Without your help, we .
4.随着国庆节的临近,我们班决定聚在一起来庆祝一下。
, our class decided to gather together to celebrate it.
5.她用了很长时间才改变主意。
change her mind.
6.碰巧他们也被邀请来参加聚会。
they were also invited to the party.
7.不管多晚,他妈妈都会等他一起吃饭。
,his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
【经典试题拓展】
(2023·河南郑州模拟·阅读理解C篇)
主题:优秀品行、正确的人生态度
I wish I'd been more confident in my own abilities, especially when I was at school.
I was a shy child and struggled a bit when talking to other people. On the whole, my parents were very supportive, always encouraging me and trying to help me relax in social situations, but I was always terribly self-conscious. I wish I hadn't been so worried about what everybody thought of me. I know now that if you are extremely shy, then it's hard work to have a conversation with you. Now I try to think about the other person I'm talking to and put them at ease in my company. However, at school, I found it especially difficult in my peer group. I wasn't competitive, but I was aware of my appearance and I always compared myself to other people, usually coming to the conclusion that I wasn't as clever or as popular or as cool as they were. I wanted to be popular. I know now that
the kids who are considered the coolest at school aren't necessarily the most popular or successful when they grow up.
I realize now that everything changes during your teen years—physically, mentally, socially and emotionally—and I just had a harder time than most. I wish I hadn't let it stop me from doing things, though. I wish I'd taken a gap year or at least traveled more when I left school. But to tell the truth, I didn't have the courage to travel alone before going to college. I could have gone to Europe and America with a friend as I'd saved up enough money, but in the end I just didn't want to do it. My parents really wanted me to try a gap year. They said it would be a great experience before college. I think they were right, and now I won't have another opportunity to do that for a long time.
Ⅰ.经典考题练
1.What can be learned about the author when she was a child
A.She felt uncomfortable with her parents.
B.She found being sociable difficult.
C.She was considered too direct.
D.She lived a rich life.
2.What did the author think of herself as a teen
A.She had a big heart.
B.She was a first-class student.
C.She used to let her parents down.
D.She suffered greatly during her teen years.
3.What does the author regret
A.Not paying enough attention to her parents.
B.Not saving up enough money to go abroad.
C.Not going to college together with her best friend.
D.Not being brave enough to travel before college.
4.Why does the author write this passage
A.To honor her parents.
B.To share her life lessons.
C.To remember her childhood.
D.To discuss skills needed for school.
Ⅱ.高考词汇练
1.积累阅读词汇
(1)confident adj.
(2)struggle vi.
(3)supportive adj.
(4)self-conscious adj.
(5)competitive adj.
(6)popular adj.
2.巧辨熟词生义
(1)realize A.v.发生;产生 B.v.认识到;意识到 C.v.实现
I realize now that everything changes during your teen years—physically, mentally, socially and emotionally—and I just had a harder time than most.
(2)experience A.n.(由实践得来的)经验
B.n.经历 C.n.传统
My parents really wanted me to try a gap year. They said it would be a great experience before college.
3.活用高频短语
be worried about; at ease; be aware of; at least
(1)The first thing I was all the vivid colours surrounding me—purples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues and greens.
(2)It is likely that Native Americans were living in California fifteen thousand years ago.
(3)If you your health,share your anxiety with your doctor.
(4)The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile—its function is to show happiness and put people .
Ⅲ.靓句美篇练
1.难句赏析
(赏结构) I wasn't competitive, but I was aware of my appearance and I always compared myself to other people, usually coming to the conclusion that I wasn't as clever or as popular or as cool as they were.
【句意】我没有好胜心,但我知道自己的外表,我总是把自己与其他人做比较,通常得出的结论是我没有他们那么聪明、那么受欢迎或那么酷。
【赏析】本句为but连接的表示转折关系的并列句。第二个分句包含了and连接的并列句。画线处为现在分词短语作 ,其中名词conclusion后面是that引导的同位语从句。
【即练】
The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, .凉爽的风通过我们卧室的窗户吹进来,使得开空调没有必要了。
2.写作拓展
假定你是李华,你们班下周将举行主题为“What Difficulty or Frustration Means to Me”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿,内容包括:
1.最近遇到的困难或挫折;
2.对困难或挫折的认识与应对方法;
3.对未来的期许。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
What Difficulty or Frustration Means to Me
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
课前基础自查
Ⅰ.1.Candidates 2.being abandoned 3.to bark 4.assignments 5.advertising
Ⅱ.1.enthusiasm; enthusiastic 2.cruel; cruelly; cruelty
3.guided; guidance 4.Unfortunately; fortunate
5.applied; applicants
Ⅲ.①down ②aboard ③to ④in ⑤with ⑥if ⑦on ⑧it
Ⅳ.1.我们现在在冰上扎营,一直在想方设法存活下来。但是春天将至,冰很快就会开始融化。
2.毕竟,也许我们有机会回家。
3.没有什么比一顿好饭和一点音乐更能让我们振作起来了。
4.要不是这些海洋动物,我们都得挨饿。
课中考点突破
核心单词
1.①enthusiastically ②about ③enthusiasm ④were also enthusiastic to read all of these books
2.①on ②had gone ③at home and abroad
3.①assignments ②to wash ③assignment ④assigned by the teacher
4.①abandoned ②abandoned ③smoking ④Abandoning himself to playing computer games;Abandoned to playing computer games
5.①guidance ②to ③in ④Guided by a local guide
6.①resolving ②be resolved ③was resolved ④to resolve this problem
短语句式
7.①off ②turned ③turn to
8.①had spent;would/could/should/might be ②would/could/should/might have been saved ③should break/broke
④would/could/should/might be
9.①so ②such ③So significant is the volleyball match
课后应用拓展
基础多维巩固
维度1
1.it 2.guided 3.application 4.resolved 5.belonging
6.abandoned 7.have rained 8.episodes
维度2
1.There used to be a beautiful park 2.have been playing
3.couldn't have succeeded 4.With National Day approaching 5.It took her a long time to 6.It happened that 7.No matter how/However late he is
经典试题拓展
Ⅰ.
语篇解读 文章主要讲述了作者从小到大害羞的感悟和心路历程,作者希望自己能更自信些。
1.B 推断题。根据第2段中的“I was a shy child and struggled a bit when talking to other people.”以及“However, at school, I found it especially difficult in my peer group.”可知,作者发现与人交往很困难。
2.D 细节题。根据第3段内容,尤其是第1句可知,作者在青少年时期遭受了很大的痛苦。
3.D 细节题。根据第3段中的“I wish I'd taken a gap year or at least traveled more when I left school. But to tell the truth, I didn't have the courage to travel alone before going to college.”可知,作者对上大学前没有足够的勇气去旅行感到遗憾。
4.B 推断题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了作者从小到大害羞的感悟和心路历程。作者主要是在分享人生经验。
Ⅱ.
1.(1)自信的 (2)奋斗;努力 (3)给予帮助的;支持的 (4)难为情的;不自在的 (5)竞争的;好胜的;有竞争力的 (6)受喜爱的;受欢迎的
2.(1)B (2)B
3.(1)was aware of (2)at least (3)are worried about (4)at ease
Ⅲ.
1.结果状语;making air conditioning unnecessary
2.
What Difficulty or Frustration Means to Me
Hello, everyone. I'm honoured to make a speech here. Honestly speaking, I performed badly in the latest exams. Sad as I was, I've come to understand that the frustration is an opportunity for me.
Personally, frustration contributes to further success. To begin with, frustration is a mirror of my problems, and the relevant knowledge and skills I'm short of stand out. Thus, a schedule to solve them forms quickly. The more advances I've made, the fewer problems I'll be confronted with. Consequently, I'll move on with a sense of achievement and tremendous confidence.
In short, frustration is well received by me. I hope a hit is waiting for me there.
That's all.Thank you.
2