2024年高考英语人教版(2019)一轮复习 学案 微专题8 名词性从句学案(含答案)

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名称 2024年高考英语人教版(2019)一轮复习 学案 微专题8 名词性从句学案(含答案)
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微专题8 名词性从句
【考点精研】
【情境导入】
朗读下面短文,体会、领悟加黑部分的意思和用法。
What worried my classmate, Mary, a lot these days ① was that she put on too much weight and was frequently ill②. She had some doubts whether she ate too much fast food high in fat or sugar③. Also, with the College Entrance Examination approaching, she became so stressed that she couldn't sleep well. Maybe this also led to the case that she became fatter④, she thought. How she could become slimmer and healthier⑤ had been her main task. So she wanted to consult some experts and gain some instructions. But where she could get better suggestions and who would give her better advice⑥ also puzzled her. Her parents gave a suggestion that she should consult Professor Wang in Zhongshan Hospital⑦. Professor Wang suggested that she keep a balanced diet first⑧. She should eat vegetables and fruit high in fiber, vitamin and protein. What's more, if she wanted to lose weight, she had better take regular exercise more than half an hour a day. Mary asked Professor Wang when she should take exercise⑨. Professor Wang advised her to take exercise at 5 o'clock in the afternoon when she would have more time to do sports.Thanks to Professor Wang, Mary has become much healthier now.
[用法体悟]
(1)①处为what引导的    从句,what(=the thing that)在从句中作主语。
(2)②处为that引导的    从句,从句内容完整,不缺任何句子成分。
(3)③处为whether引导的    从句,补充说明doubts的具体内容。
(4)④处为that引导的    从句,补充说明the case的具体内容。
(5)⑤处为how引导的    从句,how在从句中作方式状语,表示“如何”。
(6)⑥处为where和who引导的    从句,表示去“哪里”咨询和向“谁”咨询。
(7)⑦处为that引导的    从句,补充说明suggestion的具体内容。
(8)⑧处为that引导的    从句,从句内容完整,不缺任何句子成分。
(9)⑨处为when引导的    从句,when在从句中作时间状语。
【考点分析】
一、主语从句
Tip 1 引导主语从句的连接词
引导主语从句的连接词有从属连词that、whether、if;连接代词what、which、who、whom、whose、whatever、whichever、whoever等;连接副词when、where、why、how、whenever等。
(2021·新高考Ⅰ)What comes next is the endless series of steps. 接下来是一系列无休止的步骤。
名 师 指 津
(1)that引导主语从句时不省略。
That he got an A in English surprised his teacher.他的英语得了A,这使他的老师感到惊讶。
(2)当主语从句位于句首,表示“是否……”时,常用whether引导,而不用if。
Whether we need more food depends on how many people turn up. 我们是否需要更多的食物,这要视到场人数而定。
Tip 2 it作形式主语的主语从句
主语从句一般在句首,但有时也可用it作形式主语,而将that引导的主语从句放在句末。常见的句型有:
(1)It+be+形容词(necessary/likely/important/uncertain等)+that从句
(2)It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/no wonder/no surprise等)+that从句
(3)It+be+过去分词(said/reported/decided/believed等)+that从句
(4)It+不及物动词(seems/appears/happens等)+that从句
(2022·全国乙)It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance. 据计算,仅欧洲铁路每年就要花费约200亿欧元进行维护。
It's no surprise that our team has won the game. 我们队获胜一点都不令人吃惊。
名 师 指 津
当it作形式主语,由whether引导的主语从句放在句末时,主语从句也可用if引导,但如果主语从句中有or not时,只能用whether引导。
It is debatable whether antibiotics would make any difference or not.抗生素能否起作用还存在争议。
二、宾语从句
Tip 1 引导宾语从句的连接词
引导宾语从句的连接词有从属连词that、whether、if;连接代词what、which、who、whose、whatever、whichever、whoever等;连接副词when、where、why、how等。注意:宾语从句用陈述语序。
(2022·全国甲)We can't seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one.我们似乎无法决定是想要一个现代城市还是传统城市。
In order to make a change, you need to know why it's important. 为了做出改变,你需要知道为什么它是重要的。
名 师 指 津
(1)that引导宾语从句时,常被省去,但下列情况下不能省略:①动词后接了多个由that引导的宾语从句时,只有第一个从句中的that可省略;②宾语从句前有插入语时。
(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后接宾语从句,连接词表示“是否”时,只能用whether,不能用if。
Tip 2 it作形式宾语的宾语从句
(1)一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语时,则需要用it作形式宾语,而将that引导的宾语从句后置。常见的这类动词有find、feel、think、consider、believe、guess、suppose、make等。
He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed. 他明确表示会议不会被推迟。
(2)动词hate、like、dislike、appreciate、enjoy等以及动词短语see to、depend on、rely on等后常用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent. 你不在的时候,我会确保把他照顾好。
三、表语从句
Tip 1 引导表语从句的连接词
引导表语从句的连接词有从属连词that、whether;连接代词what、which、who、whose、whatever、whichever、whoever等;连接副词when、where、why、how等。注意:表语从句用陈述语序。
(2022·新高考Ⅰ)The core of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.你们关系的核心是你们会一直在那里互相帮助。
(2021·天津)This was when my morning writing began.这是我早上写作的开始。
名 师 指 津
if不能引导表语从句;that引导表语从句时也可以省略。
Tip 2 as if/as though引导的表语从句
as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在be动词、seem、look、taste、sound、feel、appear等之后。
The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it. 浓雾笼罩着整座城市,这就好像一张巨大的黑色毯子被扔在城市上方。
Tip 3 because、why引导的表语从句
because、why也可引导表语从句,但because引导表语从句时,主句主语不能是reason或cause(该结构常用that引导)。常用于以下句型:
This / That is / was why...这/那是……的原因
This / That is / was because...这/那是因为……
From space,the earth looks blue. This is because about 71% of its surface is covered by water. 从太空中看,地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面大约71%被水覆盖着。
同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语,位于该名词之后,用来说明该名词的具体内容。常见的后接同位语从句的名词有advice、conclusion、doubt、fact、hope、idea、news、promise、question、suggestion、thought、truth、wish、word等。引导同位语从句的引导词有that、whether、how、where、when、why等。
The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.经理提出一个建议:我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。
名 师 指 津
that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别:that引导定语从句时,既起引导词的作用,又在从句中充当句子成分;如果在从句中作宾语that可以省略,所修饰的名词指物时可用which替换。引导同位语从句时,that在从句中不充当任何句子成分,而且不能省略。
[对点集训] 单句填空
1.I have enough evidence     hard work pays off.
2.     some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.
3.Obviously,     the poet wants to express is his deep love for his country.
4.It was a rough estimate     about 20 percent of the rubbish was dumped into the sea.
5.Health is very important for career success and that is     you should exercise regularly.
6.If you take a look around your kitchen or office, chances are     you'll notice that you are surrounded by plastic water bottles, take-out cups, plastic grocery bags and food packages.
7.Well-made, long-lasting clothing is     we should buy and wear.
8.I'm not sure     is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩)... I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at the top of her lungs.
9.It is unwise to give the children     they want.
【难点突破】
易 混 易 错
难点 名词性从句的易混连接词
[典例1]     will come to help with my English hasn't been decided.
解析  根据语境可知,此处有疑问含义,表示“谁”,故用who引导主语从句,who在从句中作主语。
[典例2] We haven't settled the question of     it is necessary for him to study abroad.
解析  根据语境可知,空处应用表示“是否”的if或whether引导宾语从句,但是空处引导的从句作介词的宾语,故只能用whether。
高 分 突 破
方法1 分析从句成分,锁定引导词
[典例3] Now the route is no longer used for international trade but many stories of     happened on the ancient road remain.
解析  空处引导的从句作介词of的宾语,且从句缺主语,表示“……的事情”,故用what。
方法2 正确翻译句子
[典例4] Massive Open Online Courses, called MOOCs, are changing     people learn in many places.
解析  分析语境可知,空处引导宾语从句,在宾语从句中作方式状语,故用how。
【考能提升】
层级1 基础巩固练
单句填空
1.Word came     he was punished by the king, for he didn't keep his word.
2.There is no doubt     we should be grateful to those people who help us when we are in trouble.
3.Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see     would move first.
4.You never know     it might lead you in the life journey.
5.His capability has never been in doubt; the question is     he is prepared to put efforts.
6.The message I want to convey is     it is never too late to pursue good health.
7.However, the fact is     bats play a significant role in keeping a balanced ecosystem.
8.It is recommended     the vaccine be administered in two doses(剂) to those aged 18 and over.
9.     gave the message an even greater meaning was that there was no advance planning.
层级2 经典提升练
单句填空
1.(2022·全国乙)A number of experiments ruled out that the children misunderstood     they were being asked.
2.(2022·全国乙)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact     your friend may feel abandoned.
3.(2022·全国甲)You can tell a lot about a man by     he treats his dogs.
4.(2022·新高考Ⅰ)I walked over and asked him     he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
5.(2022·新高考Ⅱ)That is partly     people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted(分心)driving was “only increasing, unfortunately”.
6.(2022·浙江1月)Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak     she could do so remotely.
7.(2022·浙江1月)    grade the team received would be shared by both students.
8.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)     is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
9.(2021·天津第一次)What puzzles Lily's friends is     she always has so many crazy ideas.
10.(2021·北京)The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about     she lived.
11.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)The amazing thing about the spring is     the colder the temperature gets, the hotter the spring!
12.(2021·全国乙)One afternoon, while attempting to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from     was eventually discovered to be a heart attack.
13.(2021·新高考Ⅱ)This will help you to decide     you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it.
14.(2021·天津)Well or badly, I wrote at least two pages a day. This is     my novel, The Line of the Sun, was finished.
层级3 语境拓展练
语法填空
It was reported 1.     there was an accident at the corner of Roman Street this morning.No one saw 2.     on earth happened then.A car ran into a truck but fortunately,nobody got injured. 3.     is responsible for the accident is still under investigation.The police are uncertain about 4.     the driver is guilty. 5.     the police should do now is 6.     they must find out what led to the accident.They said it was difficult for them to judge because 7.     the accident happened was not clear.Perhaps the reason was 8.     the driver was too tired to stop the car in time.The driver didn't admit the fact 9.     he was driving too fast at the turning.The police doubted 10.     what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.
层级4 衔接写作练
衔接1 This/ It is because/ why...灵活简练
[典例再现](2019·天津)我五岁时开始学画画,我非常喜爱绘画。这就是我想让您安排关于西方美术的讲座的原因。
I took up drawing at the age of five and I'm fond of painting. This is why I want you to arrange a lecture on Western art.
[写作应用](2022·全国乙)也许是因为自行车运动将新鲜空气、流畅的运动和锻炼结合在一起了。
衔接2 注意名词性从句与虚拟语气的结合
[典例再现](2019·北京)我建议你从北京开始,我会带你游览这个城市。
I suggest that you begin from Beijing and I will show you around this city.
[写作应用](2021·上海)我建议你选择听说课程,因为这门课程完全是用中文教授的,这会对你有很大的好处。
微专题8 名词性从句
考点精研
情境导入
(1)主语 (2)表语 (3)同位语 (4)同位语 (5)主语 (6)主语 (7)同位语 (8)宾语 (9)宾语
考点分析
对点集训 
1.that 2.What 3.what 4.that 5.why 6.that 7.what 8.who 9.whatever
考能提升
层级1
1.that 2.that 3.who 4.where 5.whether 6.that 7.that
8.that 9.What
层级2
1.what 2.that 3.how 4.why 5.because 6.whether/if 7.Whatever 8.What 9.why 10.where 11.that 12.what
13.whether 14.how
层级3
1.that 2.what 3.Who 4.whether 5.What 6.that
7.how 8.that 9.that 10.if/whether
层级4
衔接1 Maybe it is because cycling combines fresh air, smooth movement and exercise.
衔接2 I suggest that you (should) choose the listening and speaking course, because this course is taught entirely in Chinese, which will be of great benefit to you.
2