2024年高考英语人教版（2019）一轮复习 学案 微专题9 特殊句式学案（含答案）

微专题9 特殊句式
【考点精研】
【情境导入】
朗读下面短文,体会、领悟倒装、强调、省略等句式结构的用法。
It was at midnight that Lucy woke up①. So hungry was she that she realized that she did have to get up to get something to eat②. She went to the kitchen.There was a cabbage, some hams and some eggs in the fridge③. No sooner had she taken out what she needed than she realized she had no idea how to deal with the food④. In fact, seldom had she cooked for herself before⑤.“Had I learned cooking from my mother, I would have become a good cook⑥,”she sighed and continued her job.However, hardly had she tried to turn on one of the two taps above the sink when she noticed it didn't work⑦. Neither could another tap⑧.Only with the help of the spanner did water come out of the tap at last⑨. But it was unlucky for her to cut her finger while cutting ham.Out ran Lucy at onc.With a bandage wrapping her wounded finger, she finished cooking a delicious meal at last. From the kitchen came a good smel.Being at table, she got down to enjoying her food. Unfortunately, not until she tasted her food did she find she forgot to add some salt to i.
[用法体悟]
(1)①处为　　　　　　　　,其基本结构为It is/was...that...。
(2)②处为so...that句型,“so+adj./adv.”位于句首时,主句应用　　　　　　　　,that从句用正常语序。
(3)③处为　　　　　　　　,表示某地存在某物,是一个倒装句式。
(4)④处为no sooner...than句型,当no sooner置于句首时,其后用　　　　　　　　,than后的句子用正常语序。
(5)从⑤处中可以看出,含否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时,句子应用　　　　　　　　。
(6)⑥处为虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句省略if时,应将were、 had或should提前,构成　　　　　　　　。
(7)⑦处为hardly...when...句型,当hardly提至句首时,主句应用　　　　　　　　,后面的从句用正常语序。(8)⑧处为“so/neither/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”结构(　　　　　　　　用于肯定句,　　　　　　　　用于否定句),是倒装句,表示前面所述情况也适合另一个人或物。
(9)⑨处为倒装句。当“only+状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)”置于句首时,句子应用　　　　　　　　。
(10)⑩处为省略句。当时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it,且含有be动词时,可省略　　　　　　　　,构成状语从句的省略结构。
(11)处为倒装句。in、 out、 up、 down、 over、 away、 off、 back等副词放在句首时(主语是名词),句子应用　　　　　　　　,表示强调。
(12)处为倒装句。当句首是充当地点状语的介词短语,且谓语是be动词、stand、 sit、 lie等(主语是名词)时,句子常用　　　　　　　　。
(13)处为倒装句。not until引导的状语从句放句首时,状语从句用正常语序,主句应用　　　　　　　　。
【考点分析】
一、倒装
Tip 1 全部倒装(把全部谓语提到主语前)
倒装条件 倒装方法
以here、there、out、in、up、down、away等副词开头,谓语动词多为be动词、come、go等,主语是名词 副词+谓语+主语
以then、now、thus、such开头,谓语动词多为come、follow、begin、end、be动词等,主语是名词 副词+谓语+主语
表地点的介词短语位于句首,且谓语动词为不及物动词,主语是名词 介词短语+谓语+主语
表语置于句首,为了保持句子平衡,为了表示强调,或利于上下文衔接 介词短语/形容词/分词+be动词+主语
(2021·北京)There has been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years. 过去20年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加。
Such was Albert Einstein,a simple but great scientist.这就是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦,一位简单而伟大的科学家。
Tip 2 部分倒装(把助动词/be动词/情态动词提到主语前)
倒装条件 倒装方法
“only+状语(副词/介词短语/从句)”位于句首时 Only+副词/介词短语/状语从句+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他部分
含有否定意义的副词或介词短语(not、never、seldom、little、hardly、by no means、not until、on no condition、in no case、under no circumstances等)位于句首时 否定副词或介词短语+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他部分
倒装条件 倒装方法
hardly/scarcely...when、no sooner... than、not only... but(also)等连接两个分句时,如果hardly、scarcely、no sooner、not only位于句首,前一个分句用部分倒装,后一个分句不变 Hardly/Scarcely/No sooner/Not only+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他部分+when/than/but(also)+分句
so(such)...that中的so(such)位于句首时 so+adj. /adv.(such+n.)+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他部分+that从句
so/neither/nor置于句首,意为“也”或“也不”,表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物时 so/neither/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语
as引导让步状语从句时,意为“尽管”,把句中的状语、表语或动词提前;若表语是名词,其前不用冠词 状语/表语/动词+as+主谓结构+主句
当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had、were或should时,如将if省略,则要将had、were或should移到主语之前 Had/Were/Should+主语+谓语+其他部分+主句
(2022·浙江1月)It was then that I realized not only did my tenacity and perseverance live up to his expectations, but also won the “impossible” friendship from this demanding guy.就在那时,我意识到,我的坚韧和毅力不仅没有辜负他的期望,而且还赢得了这个要求苛刻的家伙“不可能”的友谊。
So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.他英语说得如此清楚以至于他总能使自己被理解。Had I attended the meeting, I would have met him.如果我参加了这个会议,我就能碰到他了。
名 师 指 津
●there、here、now、then、up、down、in、away、off、out等副词置于句首,但主语为人称代词时,不用倒装。
●only修饰主语置于句首时,不能倒装。
●“so+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词”表示同意以上观点,不能倒装,此时so表示“的确如此”。
●当前面两件或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时,通常用“so it is with...”或“it is the same with...”。
●neither...nor... “……不……,……也不……”,连接两个并列分句时,这两个并列分句都用倒装结构。
●though引导让步状语从句时,可以倒装也可以不倒装。although引导让步状语从句时不能倒装。
[对点集训] 单句填空
1.　　　　 Marry left late, she would have seen our Professor Wang.
2.Inside the container 　　　　(be) household goods in ancient times.
3.In the afternoon, we delivered a lecture to the students there. Not only 　　　　we give them tips on how to choose proper books for themselves, but we also guided them on how to read different kinds of books.
4.Bicycles are a very common form of transport in the world. There 　　　　(be) about one billion bicycles worldwide.
5.There 　　　　(be) an apple, two bananas and some oranges on the plates.
二、强调句和其他句型
Tip 1 强调句
1.强调句的基本句型是“It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语、状语等。
It was at this library that I borrowed these books.我是在这个图书馆借了这些书的。
强调句型的一般疑问句只要将is/was提前,其特殊疑问句的结构是“疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分”。
Is it Professor Wang who teaches you English 是王教授教你们英语吗
3.如果原句中含有“not...until...”,在强调时间状语时,要将主句中的否定词not连同状语一起提前。
(2022·浙江)It wasn't until a couple of hours later that we opened the doors and began serving dinner. 直到几个小时后,我们才开门开始供应晚餐。
4.“It is... that... ”结构不能强调谓语动词。如果需要强调谓语动词,则用“do/does/did+动词原形”,以加强语气,意为“的确;真的;务必”。
He did say that he would help me. 他的确说过他会帮我。
名 师 指 津
强调谓语动词,用“do/does/did+动词原形”。该结构只用于肯定句,并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时。
In that way, World Read Aloud Day does help make a difference.通过那种方式,世界朗读日的确产生了影响。
Tip 2 省略句
1.在when、while、whenever、till、as soon as、if、unless、as if、though、as等引导的状语从句中,若谓语部分含有be动词,而从句的主语又与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it时,从句的主语和be动词常被省略。
If (it is) necessary, we shall give a call to you.如有必要,我们会给你打电话。
2.动词不定式中的动词省略时,单独使用动词不定式符号to。
(1)动词不定式中的动词被省略时,其符号to常用在be afraid/glad/happy、expect、forget、hope、intend、like、love、mean、prefer、refuse、seem、try、want、wish等的后面。
I asked him to see the film,but he didn't want to (see it).我叫他去看电影,但他不想去。
—Will you join in the game 你会参加这个比赛吗
—I'd be glad to (join it).我很高兴(参加)。
(2)如果动词不定式中含有be、have或have been,通常将其保留。
—Are you a sailor 你是一名水手吗
—No,but I used to be (a sailor).不是,但我曾经是。
Tip 3 祈使句
祈使句的常考句式有:
(1)祈使句+and+简单句,表示“如果……就……”。
(2)祈使句+or/otherwise+简单句,表示“……否则……”。
Bring the flowers into a warm room and they'll soon open.将花放到暖和的房间里,它们将会很快开放。
Don't drive so fast or/otherwise you'll have an accident.不要开那么快,否则你会出事的。
[对点集训] 单句填空
1.It's not what happens to us that 　　　　(determine) our lives—it's what we make of what happens.
2.It is coffee 　　　　they always drink in the afternoon.
3.It is because I know you like the culture of China 　　　　I would like to invite you to admire it.
4.Shut the window, 　　　　it'll get too cold in here.
5.Visitors will experience the vibrancy of culture and business when 　　　　(walk) on the streets of Shanghai.
6.If one experience doesn't work, don't give up 　　　　you'll surely find the right opportunity.
7.I have nothing to do but 　　　　(sleep).
8.When the city of Pompeii was dug from its resting place, its walls were fresh as if 　　　　(paint) yesterday.
【难点突破】
易 混 易 错
难点　强调句型与结构相似的主从复合句的区别
[典例1]　It was in the company 　　　　I worked two years ago 　　　　I met a foreigner.
解析 　分析句子结构可知,这是一个强调句,强调的是地点状语in the company; company后的　　　　 I worked two years ago是定语从句,先行词是company,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语。故第一空用where;第二空用that。
高 分 突 破
方法1　固定句式思维法
[典例2]　Could it be in the restaurant 　　　　you had dinner with me yesterday 　　　　you lost your handbag
解析 　这是一个强调句的一般疑问句形式。in the restaurant是被强调的部分, 　　　　you had dinner with me yesterday是一个定语从句,先行词restaurant在从句中作地点状语,所以第一空用where引导定语从句,where在从句中作地点状语;第二空用that构成强调句型的基本框架。
方法2　标志识别法
[典例3]　Not until the motorbike looked almost new 　　　　he stop repairing and cleaning it.
解析 　not until...位于句首时,主句要部分倒装;再结合looked可知,时态为一般过去时,故此处填助动词did。
【考能提升】
层级1　基础巩固练
单句填空
1.There 　　　　(be) large amounts of homework and a great many examinations for us students every day.
2.There 　　　　(be) millions of websites on the Internet and there 　　　　(be) a lot of useful information on the websites.
3.While 　　　　(work), they listened to the songs.
4.Fear, if 　　　　(deal) with properly, can serve as a great power.
5.　　　　 (be) it not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her difficulty.
6.Only then 　　　　(do) we realize there was an earthquake. I was too frightened to move.
7.How I regret not accepting your advice! 　　　　I taken your advice, I wouldn't have made such a mistake.
8.Along the road 　　　　(be) thick and tall trees, some of them with a history of nearly 100 years.
9.It is your teamwork and good spirits 　　　　impress us deeply.
10.It was consistent love and kindness 　　　　won a lifelong friendship of loyalty.
11.It was not until the 1970s 　　　　Tu Youyou succeeded in discovering artemisinin.
12.It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that 　　　　(count).
层级2　经典提升练
单句填空
1.(2022·全国甲)Not only 　　　　(do) ocean offer us sufficient food, but also it maintains the balance of nature.
2.(2022·全国甲)Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while 　　　　(keep) in the cage.
3.(2022·全国甲)After 　　　　(take) a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile.
4.(2021·全国甲)Once, when 　　　　(try) a certain trick on the beam(横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe.
5.(2021·新高考Ⅱ)It is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness, 　　　　has been our strength for centuries.
6.(2021·新高考Ⅰ)But like all performances, there 　　　　(be) moments when things go wrong.
7.(2021·天津)Stand over there 　　　　you'll be able to see it better.
层级3　语境拓展练
语法填空
Only when Tom reached his home 1.　　　　 he realize that he had left his keys in the office. 2.　　　　 upset he was! He knew that the only way was to go back to the office to fetch his keys, though he hated 3.　　　　. 4.　　　　 (live) near the company,he walked back to the office, only to find that the door was closed—no one was in the office!5.　　　　 would it be convenient to call anyone for help at this time.
6.　　　　 was on second thought that he decided to wander along the street to kill time, and 7.　　　　 he did. At a bookshop, he came across a book. It was the very book 8.　　　　 he had been looking for, one written by J.K. Rowling. He was crazy about Harry Potter series and 9.　　　　 a great joy it was to find her new novel at the bookshop! After all, it isn't a bad thing to get locked out sometimes, 10.　　　　 it
层级4　衔接写作练
衔接1　祈使句+and/or+陈述句
[典例再现](2020·新高考Ⅰ)我正要放弃,这时老师对我喊:“坚持,你会成功的。”
I was about to give up when my teacher shouted at me, “Keep up,and you will make it.”
[写作应用](2020·浙江)Elli说:“快点,否则熊会追上我们的。”
衔接2　强调句
[典例再现](2021·新高考Ⅰ)不仅是早餐,而且孩子们对她的爱让她非常感动。
It was not only the breakfast, but the love of the children for her that moved her very much.
[写作应用](2022·新高考Ⅰ)正是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念,才使得一些不寻常的事情最终发生。
微专题9　特殊句式
考点精研
情境导入
(1)强调句型　(2)部分倒装　(3)there be句型　(4)部分倒装
(5)部分倒装　(6)部分倒装　(7)部分倒装　(8)so; neither/nor　(9)部分倒装　(10)从句主语与be动词　(11)全部倒装　(12)全部倒装　(13)部分倒装
考点分析
一、
对点集训　1.Had　2.are/were　3.did　4.are　5.is
二、
对点集训　1.determines　2.that　3.that　4.otherwise/or
5.walking　6.and　7.sleep　8.painted
考能提升
层级1
1.are　2.are;is　3.working　4.dealt　5.Were　6.did　7.Had
8.are　9.that　10.that　11.that　12.counts
层级2
1.does　2.kept　3.taking　4.trying　5.that 　6.are　7.and
层级3
1.did　2.How　3.to/it/that　4.Living　5.Nor　6.It　 7.so
8.that　9.what　10.is
层级4
衔接1　Elli said, “Hurry up, or the bear will catch up with us.”
衔接2　It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally.
2