四川省成都市树德中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（含答案）
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| 名称 | 四川省成都市树德中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（含答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-01-26 19:43:41 | ||
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树德中学高2021级高三上期期末测试英语试题
（全卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟）
第 I 卷（选择题，共 100 分）
第一部分 听力部分（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What does the man do
A. A shop assistant. B. A hotel receptionist. C. A computer technician.
2. Where does the conversation take place
A. At the grocer’s. B. At the cleaner’s. C. At the tailor’s.
3. How did the speaker come to Seattle
A. By train. B. By car. C. By plane.
4. What will the speakers have for dinner today
A. Fried rice. B. Steak. C. Noodles.
5. How is Sophie feeling now
A. Confused. B. Disappointed C. Worried.
第二节 （共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或读白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man want to do before noon
A. Write an email. B. Make a card. C. Post a letter.
7. Whose birthday is it
A. Richard’s. B. Vera’s. C. Sarah’s.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What course does Professor Brooks teach
A. European History. B. Public Speaking. C. English Literature.
9. Why does Vicky come to talk with Professor Brooks
A. To ask for a make-up test.
B. To sign up for his course.
C. To discuss her homework.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What does Linda do for plays and shows
A. She gives actors advice.
B. She assigns roles to actors.
C. She designs actors’ clothes.
11. What does Linda need to research
A. The names of the characters.
B. The decoration of the stage.
C. The setting of the story.
12. Who does Linda report her work to
A. The editor.
B. The director.
C. The photographer.
13. What does Linda say about her job
A. It pays very well.
B. It involves frequent travel.
C. It requires team effort.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does Kevin think of abstract art
A. It has lasting artistic value.
B. It appeals mainly to children.
C. It makes little sense to him.
15. What impression did the first painting give the woman
A. Hopefulness. B. Coldness. C. Nervousness.
16. What color was used for the background in the second painting
A. Purple. B. Green. C. Red.
17. What will Kevin probably do this Saturday
A. Visit an exhibition.
B. Attend an art class.
C. Buy an abstract painting.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What caused the closure of Pittwater Road
A. A fallen tree. B. A car accident. C. A flooded river.
19. What happened at Town Hall Station
A. The station roof was broken.
B. A passenger went missing.
C. A police officer got hurt.
20. What are road users advised to do
A. Drive at low speed. B. Follow traffic signs. C. Postpone their trips.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Inspiring young minds!
TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of children’s publishing, bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.
What is so special about TOKNOW Magazine
Well, it has no ads or promotions inside—instead it is jam-packed with serious ideas. TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children, who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy—and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine.
What’s inside
Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments and creative things to make—the magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life.
Sounds too good to be true
Take a look online—evidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends.
Happy Birthday All Year!
What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day.
SUBSCRIBE NOW
□Annual Subscription
Europe 55 Rest of World 65
□Annual Subscription with Gift Pack
Includes a Mammoth Map, a Passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription
Europe 60 Rest of World 70
Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.
21. Why is TOKNOW a special magazine
A. It entertains young parents.
B. It publishes popular science fictions.
C. It combines fun with complex concepts.
D. It provides serious advertisements.
22. What does TOKNOW offer its readers
A. Articles on new topics. B. Lectures on a balanced life.
C. Reports on scientific discoveries. D. Online courses.
23. How much should you pay if you make a 12-month subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China
A. 55. B. 60. C. 65. D. 70.
B
On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary’s southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail,” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they’re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought.” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”
One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”
Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “It would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.
24. What does the project aim to do
A. Conserve moisture in the soil. B. Forecast disastrous hailstorms.
C. Prevent the formation of hailstones. D. Investigate chemical use in farming.
25. Who are opposed to the project
A. Managers of insurance companies. B. Farmers in east-central Alberta.
C. Provincial government officials. D. Residents of Calgary and Edmonton.
26. Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999
A. To compare different kinds of seeding methods.
B. To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.
C. To show the link between storms and moisture.
D. To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.
27. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.
B. Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist.
C. The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.
D. Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C
The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.
As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets—all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.
We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.
A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.
28. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test
A. Take an examination alone. B. Share their treats with others.
C. Delay eating for fifteen minutes. D. Show respect for the researchers.
29. According to Paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between_______.
A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetites
B. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs
C. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit
D. the rich food supply and our unchanged brains
30. What does the author suggest readers do
A. Be selective information consumers.
B. Absorb new information readily.
C. Use diverse information sources.
D. Protect the information environment.
31. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Eat Less, Read More
B. The Later, the Better
C. The Marshmallow Test for Grownups
D. The Bitter Truth about Early Humans
D
Mark Twain has been called the inventor of the American novel. And he surely deserves additional praise: the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.
I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War. H. B. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin is only the most famous example. These early stories dealt directly with slavery. With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.
Again and again, in the postwar years, Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race. Consider the most controversial, at least today, of Twain’s novels, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn, Twain’s most widely read tale. Once upon a time, people hated the book because it struck them as rude. Twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums (贫民窟).” More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many occurrences of the word nigger. (The term Nigger Jim, for which the novel is often severely criticized, never appears in it. )
But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the point. The novel is strongly anti-slavery. Jim’s search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic. As J. Chadwick has pointed out, the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities, “the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual: Jim, the father and the man.”
There is much more. Twain’s mystery novel Pudd’nhead Wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day. Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior (低等的) to whites, especially in intelligence, Twain’s tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth. A slave gave birth to her master’s baby and, for fear that the child should be sold South, switched him for the master’s baby by his wife. The slave’s light-skinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave-holding class. The master’s wife’s baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.
The point was difficult to miss: nurture (养育), not nature, was the key to social status. The features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudice—manner of speech, for example—were, to Twain, indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.
Twain’s racial tone was not perfect. One is left uneasy, for example, by the lengthy passage in his autobiography about how much he loved what were called “nigger shows” in his youth—mostly with white men performing in black-face—and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them. Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality. His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.
Was Twain a racist Asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of Lincoln. If we read the words and attitudes of the past through the “wisdom” of the considered moral judgments of the present, we will find nothing but error. Lincoln, who believed the black man the inferior of the white, fought and won a war to free him. And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a soldier, and inventor of Jim, may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.
32. How do Twain’s novels on slavery differ from Stowe’s
A. Twain was more willing to deal with racism.
B. Twain was openly concerned with racism.
C. Twain’s themes seemed to agree with the plots.
D. Twain’s attack on racism was much less open.
33. What best proves Twain’s anti-slavery stand according to the author
A. Jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.
B. The slave’s voice was first heard in American novels.
C. Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.
D. Jim’s search for his family was described in detail.
34. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 7 refer to
A. The attacks. B. The shows.
C. White men. D. Slavery and prejudice.
35. What does the author mainly argue for
A. Twain’s works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.
B. Twain’s works should be read from a historical point of view.
C. Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln.
D. Twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.
第二节 （共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Children love getting dirty. 36 But getting muddy could have a powerful effect on their wellbeing, too.
“Don’t get dirty!” was once a constant family warning, as parents despairingly watched their children spoil their best clothes. Whether they were running through farmers’ fields, climbing trees or catching tadpoles, it was inevitable that children’s whites would turn brown before the day was over.
Today, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance to pick up a bit of dirt. With the rise of urbanism, and the temptation of video games and social media, contact with nature is much rarer than in the past. 37
What is gained in laundry bills may be lost in the child’s wellbeing. According to recent research, the dirt outside is teaming with friendly microorganisms. 38
Many of the psychological benefits of outdoor play are already well established. Natural scenes provide the perfect level of stimulation, which is thought to help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily distractible. Supporting this theory, one study from 2009 found that children with ADHD (多动症) were better able to concentrate following a 20-minute walk in the park, compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-kept urban area. 39 The authors recommended using such “doses of nature” as a safe and accessible way of supporting children with ADHD, alongside other tools.
40 For example, the act of mudding and kneading materials like mud or sand can help children develop the way their senses and movement interact, known as sensorimotor development. This allows the child to gradually understand his or her bodily signals.
A. For many, there is simply no opportunity to get muddy.
B. Besides these restorative effects, outdoor play can offer valuable learning experiences.
C. Being close to grass and trees seemed to have had a beneficial effect on their minds.
D. As for the child’s physical health, the most obvious advantage of outdoor play may be the exercise.
E. They are drawn to puddles like muddy magnets, with no regard for footwear or the color of their clothing.
F. They can train the immune system and build resilience to a range of illnesses, including allergies and asthma.
G. People who grow up on farms are less likely to develop asthma, allergies, or auto-immune disorders.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it 41 to have too much
I 42 back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also 43 a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it 44 .
When I got into college, things 45 . I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this 46 time, there was no sense of 47 to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became a 48 . Once that happened, I just kept 49 my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was 50 really late at night to get my work done.
One day I 51 a former classmate of mine who was 52 a lot of money running a sideline(副业). Since his regular job was 53 , I asked him why he just didn’t do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would 54 have too much time and would just do what I did back in 55 . He said that if he 56 the job, he would lose his 57 to work and succeed.
So, try 58 your time with other work. This is why there is a 59 that if you want something done, ask a 60 person to do it.
41. A. true B. fair C. strange D. possible
42. A. admit B. remember C. understand D. expect
43. A. played B. loved C. coached D. watched
44. A. at last B. right away C. of course D. mattered
45. A. happened B. repeated C. mattered D. changed
46. A. difficult B. extra C. valuable D. limited
47. A. duty B. direction C. urgency D. achievement
48. A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit
49. A. setting B. taking C. pushing D. calling
50. A. staying up B. hanging out C. jogging round D. showing off
51. A. treated B. helped C. met D. hired
52. A. raising B. wasting C. demanding D. making
53. A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding
54. A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply
55. A. college B. childhood C. town D. business
56. A. found B. quit C. accepted D. kept
57. A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way
58. A. filling up B. saving C. giving up D. trading
59. A. saying B. story C. message D. fact
60. A. busy B. careful C. reliable D. kind
第II卷(50分)
第三部分 语言知识运用
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra 61 (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 62 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 63 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 64 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo customers out of pocket and disappointed.
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 65 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 66 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 67 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 68 (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 69 other stays fresh.
Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 70 (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词。
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It has proved by scientists using hidden cameras that when only one or two people ride in a lift, they usually lean against on the walls. If four people are aboard, they usually moved towards the four corners. So, when the population reaches five and six people, everyone begins to obey more formal rules of lift etiquette. They all turn to face the door. “They get taller and thin,” as a professor describes it. “Hand and purses hang down in front of their bodies. They mustn’t touch each other in any way if the lift is crowded and then only lightly at the shoulder or the upper arm. Also there are a behavior to look upward at the floor indicator. If they speak, it is definitely in the low voice.”
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
随着科技的发展，部分学生对书写的重视程度不够。学校英文报就此做了一项调查。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇120字左右短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 描述调查情况；
2. 简单评论；
3. 你的建议。
注意：文章开头已给出。
With the development of science and technology, some students are paying less attention to their handwriting.________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
（全卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟）
第 I 卷（选择题，共 100 分）
第一部分 听力部分（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What does the man do
A. A shop assistant. B. A hotel receptionist. C. A computer technician.
2. Where does the conversation take place
A. At the grocer’s. B. At the cleaner’s. C. At the tailor’s.
3. How did the speaker come to Seattle
A. By train. B. By car. C. By plane.
4. What will the speakers have for dinner today
A. Fried rice. B. Steak. C. Noodles.
5. How is Sophie feeling now
A. Confused. B. Disappointed C. Worried.
第二节 （共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或读白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man want to do before noon
A. Write an email. B. Make a card. C. Post a letter.
7. Whose birthday is it
A. Richard’s. B. Vera’s. C. Sarah’s.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What course does Professor Brooks teach
A. European History. B. Public Speaking. C. English Literature.
9. Why does Vicky come to talk with Professor Brooks
A. To ask for a make-up test.
B. To sign up for his course.
C. To discuss her homework.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What does Linda do for plays and shows
A. She gives actors advice.
B. She assigns roles to actors.
C. She designs actors’ clothes.
11. What does Linda need to research
A. The names of the characters.
B. The decoration of the stage.
C. The setting of the story.
12. Who does Linda report her work to
A. The editor.
B. The director.
C. The photographer.
13. What does Linda say about her job
A. It pays very well.
B. It involves frequent travel.
C. It requires team effort.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does Kevin think of abstract art
A. It has lasting artistic value.
B. It appeals mainly to children.
C. It makes little sense to him.
15. What impression did the first painting give the woman
A. Hopefulness. B. Coldness. C. Nervousness.
16. What color was used for the background in the second painting
A. Purple. B. Green. C. Red.
17. What will Kevin probably do this Saturday
A. Visit an exhibition.
B. Attend an art class.
C. Buy an abstract painting.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What caused the closure of Pittwater Road
A. A fallen tree. B. A car accident. C. A flooded river.
19. What happened at Town Hall Station
A. The station roof was broken.
B. A passenger went missing.
C. A police officer got hurt.
20. What are road users advised to do
A. Drive at low speed. B. Follow traffic signs. C. Postpone their trips.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Inspiring young minds!
TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of children’s publishing, bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.
What is so special about TOKNOW Magazine
Well, it has no ads or promotions inside—instead it is jam-packed with serious ideas. TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children, who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy—and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine.
What’s inside
Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments and creative things to make—the magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life.
Sounds too good to be true
Take a look online—evidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends.
Happy Birthday All Year!
What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day.
SUBSCRIBE NOW
□Annual Subscription
Europe 55 Rest of World 65
□Annual Subscription with Gift Pack
Includes a Mammoth Map, a Passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription
Europe 60 Rest of World 70
Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.
21. Why is TOKNOW a special magazine
A. It entertains young parents.
B. It publishes popular science fictions.
C. It combines fun with complex concepts.
D. It provides serious advertisements.
22. What does TOKNOW offer its readers
A. Articles on new topics. B. Lectures on a balanced life.
C. Reports on scientific discoveries. D. Online courses.
23. How much should you pay if you make a 12-month subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China
A. 55. B. 60. C. 65. D. 70.
B
On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary’s southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail,” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they’re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought.” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”
One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”
Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “It would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.
24. What does the project aim to do
A. Conserve moisture in the soil. B. Forecast disastrous hailstorms.
C. Prevent the formation of hailstones. D. Investigate chemical use in farming.
25. Who are opposed to the project
A. Managers of insurance companies. B. Farmers in east-central Alberta.
C. Provincial government officials. D. Residents of Calgary and Edmonton.
26. Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999
A. To compare different kinds of seeding methods.
B. To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.
C. To show the link between storms and moisture.
D. To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.
27. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.
B. Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist.
C. The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.
D. Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C
The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.
As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets—all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.
We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.
A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.
28. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test
A. Take an examination alone. B. Share their treats with others.
C. Delay eating for fifteen minutes. D. Show respect for the researchers.
29. According to Paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between_______.
A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetites
B. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs
C. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit
D. the rich food supply and our unchanged brains
30. What does the author suggest readers do
A. Be selective information consumers.
B. Absorb new information readily.
C. Use diverse information sources.
D. Protect the information environment.
31. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Eat Less, Read More
B. The Later, the Better
C. The Marshmallow Test for Grownups
D. The Bitter Truth about Early Humans
D
Mark Twain has been called the inventor of the American novel. And he surely deserves additional praise: the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.
I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War. H. B. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin is only the most famous example. These early stories dealt directly with slavery. With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.
Again and again, in the postwar years, Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race. Consider the most controversial, at least today, of Twain’s novels, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn, Twain’s most widely read tale. Once upon a time, people hated the book because it struck them as rude. Twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums (贫民窟).” More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many occurrences of the word nigger. (The term Nigger Jim, for which the novel is often severely criticized, never appears in it. )
But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the point. The novel is strongly anti-slavery. Jim’s search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic. As J. Chadwick has pointed out, the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities, “the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual: Jim, the father and the man.”
There is much more. Twain’s mystery novel Pudd’nhead Wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day. Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior (低等的) to whites, especially in intelligence, Twain’s tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth. A slave gave birth to her master’s baby and, for fear that the child should be sold South, switched him for the master’s baby by his wife. The slave’s light-skinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave-holding class. The master’s wife’s baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.
The point was difficult to miss: nurture (养育), not nature, was the key to social status. The features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudice—manner of speech, for example—were, to Twain, indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.
Twain’s racial tone was not perfect. One is left uneasy, for example, by the lengthy passage in his autobiography about how much he loved what were called “nigger shows” in his youth—mostly with white men performing in black-face—and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them. Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality. His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.
Was Twain a racist Asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of Lincoln. If we read the words and attitudes of the past through the “wisdom” of the considered moral judgments of the present, we will find nothing but error. Lincoln, who believed the black man the inferior of the white, fought and won a war to free him. And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a soldier, and inventor of Jim, may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.
32. How do Twain’s novels on slavery differ from Stowe’s
A. Twain was more willing to deal with racism.
B. Twain was openly concerned with racism.
C. Twain’s themes seemed to agree with the plots.
D. Twain’s attack on racism was much less open.
33. What best proves Twain’s anti-slavery stand according to the author
A. Jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.
B. The slave’s voice was first heard in American novels.
C. Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.
D. Jim’s search for his family was described in detail.
34. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 7 refer to
A. The attacks. B. The shows.
C. White men. D. Slavery and prejudice.
35. What does the author mainly argue for
A. Twain’s works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.
B. Twain’s works should be read from a historical point of view.
C. Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln.
D. Twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.
第二节 （共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Children love getting dirty. 36 But getting muddy could have a powerful effect on their wellbeing, too.
“Don’t get dirty!” was once a constant family warning, as parents despairingly watched their children spoil their best clothes. Whether they were running through farmers’ fields, climbing trees or catching tadpoles, it was inevitable that children’s whites would turn brown before the day was over.
Today, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance to pick up a bit of dirt. With the rise of urbanism, and the temptation of video games and social media, contact with nature is much rarer than in the past. 37
What is gained in laundry bills may be lost in the child’s wellbeing. According to recent research, the dirt outside is teaming with friendly microorganisms. 38
Many of the psychological benefits of outdoor play are already well established. Natural scenes provide the perfect level of stimulation, which is thought to help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily distractible. Supporting this theory, one study from 2009 found that children with ADHD (多动症) were better able to concentrate following a 20-minute walk in the park, compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-kept urban area. 39 The authors recommended using such “doses of nature” as a safe and accessible way of supporting children with ADHD, alongside other tools.
40 For example, the act of mudding and kneading materials like mud or sand can help children develop the way their senses and movement interact, known as sensorimotor development. This allows the child to gradually understand his or her bodily signals.
A. For many, there is simply no opportunity to get muddy.
B. Besides these restorative effects, outdoor play can offer valuable learning experiences.
C. Being close to grass and trees seemed to have had a beneficial effect on their minds.
D. As for the child’s physical health, the most obvious advantage of outdoor play may be the exercise.
E. They are drawn to puddles like muddy magnets, with no regard for footwear or the color of their clothing.
F. They can train the immune system and build resilience to a range of illnesses, including allergies and asthma.
G. People who grow up on farms are less likely to develop asthma, allergies, or auto-immune disorders.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it 41 to have too much
I 42 back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also 43 a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it 44 .
When I got into college, things 45 . I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this 46 time, there was no sense of 47 to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became a 48 . Once that happened, I just kept 49 my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was 50 really late at night to get my work done.
One day I 51 a former classmate of mine who was 52 a lot of money running a sideline(副业). Since his regular job was 53 , I asked him why he just didn’t do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would 54 have too much time and would just do what I did back in 55 . He said that if he 56 the job, he would lose his 57 to work and succeed.
So, try 58 your time with other work. This is why there is a 59 that if you want something done, ask a 60 person to do it.
41. A. true B. fair C. strange D. possible
42. A. admit B. remember C. understand D. expect
43. A. played B. loved C. coached D. watched
44. A. at last B. right away C. of course D. mattered
45. A. happened B. repeated C. mattered D. changed
46. A. difficult B. extra C. valuable D. limited
47. A. duty B. direction C. urgency D. achievement
48. A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit
49. A. setting B. taking C. pushing D. calling
50. A. staying up B. hanging out C. jogging round D. showing off
51. A. treated B. helped C. met D. hired
52. A. raising B. wasting C. demanding D. making
53. A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding
54. A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply
55. A. college B. childhood C. town D. business
56. A. found B. quit C. accepted D. kept
57. A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way
58. A. filling up B. saving C. giving up D. trading
59. A. saying B. story C. message D. fact
60. A. busy B. careful C. reliable D. kind
第II卷(50分)
第三部分 语言知识运用
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra 61 (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 62 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 63 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 64 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo customers out of pocket and disappointed.
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 65 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 66 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 67 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 68 (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 69 other stays fresh.
Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 70 (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词。
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It has proved by scientists using hidden cameras that when only one or two people ride in a lift, they usually lean against on the walls. If four people are aboard, they usually moved towards the four corners. So, when the population reaches five and six people, everyone begins to obey more formal rules of lift etiquette. They all turn to face the door. “They get taller and thin,” as a professor describes it. “Hand and purses hang down in front of their bodies. They mustn’t touch each other in any way if the lift is crowded and then only lightly at the shoulder or the upper arm. Also there are a behavior to look upward at the floor indicator. If they speak, it is definitely in the low voice.”
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
随着科技的发展，部分学生对书写的重视程度不够。学校英文报就此做了一项调查。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇120字左右短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 描述调查情况；
2. 简单评论；
3. 你的建议。
注意：文章开头已给出。
With the development of science and technology, some students are paying less attention to their handwriting.________________________________________________________________
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