2024届高考英语二轮复习：专题三 完形填空 第1讲　记叙文课件（共71张PPT）

(共71张PPT)
完形填空
专题三
完形填空主要考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用词汇和语法的能力。在一篇230词左右的短文中留出15个空白，要求考生从每题所给的四个选项中选出正确选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。
新课程标准要求考生能在语境中理解具体词语的功能、内涵和外延以及使用者的意图和态度；能理解语篇中特定语言的使用意图以及语言在反映情感态度和价值观方面所起的作用。
考情分析
卷别 年份 体裁 话题 题目类型 名词 动词 形容词 副词 介词 连词 感叹词 习语
新课标Ⅰ 2023 记叙文 越野赛跑中救助受伤对手 8 5 2 0 0 0 0 0
2022 记叙文 难忘的野营经历 5 5 3 1 1 0 0 0
2021 记叙文 在烘焙厂做临时工 4 9 2 0 0 0 0 0
新课标Ⅱ 2023 记叙文 帮助别人用飞机运输宠物狗 3 7 4 1 0 0 0 0
2022 记叙文 当看房人环球旅游 7 4 3 1 0 0 0 0
2021 记叙文 一名优秀警察的故事 7 6 2 0 0 0 0 0
1.设题规律
以动词、名词为主，其次是形容词、副词。着重考查考生的词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。
2.选材特点
主题语境包括人与自我、人与自然和人与社会，选材原汁原味，语言地道，充满正能量，倡导至真至善至美的价值观，在具体语境中考查英语核心素养。
高考动向
复习定向
综合分析近年来高考完形填空，考查以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，说明文和议论文出现频率较低。主题语境包括人与自我、人与社会及人与自然。语篇内容积极向上，注重五育并举，落实立德树人。命题侧重考查学生对语篇中的上下文衔接关系、行文逻辑等的理解及综合运用能力。备考时应注重结合高考语篇特点，了解命题规律，熟悉常见的解题技法。本专题将结合不同的体裁，分别就不同的解题技法进行点拨。
第1讲
记叙文
记叙文完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。做题时要注意以下几点：
解题要领 要领解读
抓住文 章中心 中心思想有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。文章题目揭示中心思想；如无题目，关注文章开头结尾，尤其是议论抒情的语句，也可抓住文章的中心。
明确叙 述角度 在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。
解题要领 要领解读
理清写 作顺序 记叙文的写作顺序包括顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙，理清写作顺序有助于了解事件发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。
明确写 作要素 弄清记叙文的六要素，5W1H，即时间(when)，地点(where)，人物(who)，事件(what)，原因(why)，结果(how)，明确这些写作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。
洞悉写 作目的 写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。
On Oct.11，hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota.
典例导入 (2023·新课标Ⅰ)
语篇解读
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛跑中，Melanie Bailey背着另一名参赛者Danielle Lenoue冲过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did.
41.A.designed B.followed
C.changed D.finished
design设计；follow跟随；change改变；finish完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line，then another 300 feet”可知，Bailey在比赛中背着另一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey本应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
√
Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line.
42.A.delay B.chance
C.trouble D.excuse
43.A.judge B.volunteer
C.classmate D.competitor
√
√
42.delay延误；chance机会；trouble麻烦；excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have the course earlier than she did.”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey本应该更早完成比赛，她的延误是因为她背着另一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选A。
43.judge裁判；volunteer志愿者；classmate同学；competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着另一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
As reported by a local newspaper，Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.
race比赛；school学校；town城镇；training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
44.A.race B.school
C.town D.training
√
She 45 to help her fellow runner，Danielle Lenoue.Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 .
45.A.agreed B.returned
C.stopped D.promised
46.A.courage B.aid
C.patience D.advice
√
√
45.agree同意；return回来；stop停止；promise答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来去帮助另一名参赛者。故选C。
46.courage勇气；aid帮助；patience耐心；advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看Lenoue是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
She couldn’t.Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line，then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention.
47.A.went away B.stood up
C.stepped aside D.bent down
48.A.medical B.public
C.constant D.equal
√
√
47.go away离开； stand up站起来；step aside让路；bend down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上。故选D。
48.medical医疗的；public公众的；constant持续不断的；equal平等的。根据上文的“began crying in pain”可知，Lenoue感到疼痛，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗处理”。故选A。
Once there，Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital，where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees.
interrupt打断；assess评估；identify识别；appreciate感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
49.A.interrupted B.assessed
C.identified D.appreciated
√
She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
hunger饥饿；pain疼痛；cold感冒；tiredness疲劳。根据上文的“began crying in pain”可知，如果没有Bailey的帮助，她会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。故选B。
50.A.hunger B.pain
C.cold D.tiredness
√
As for Bailey，she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 .
51.A.worried B.ashamed
C.confused D.discouraged
52.A.game B.problem
C.lesson D.deal
√
√
51.worried担心的；ashamed惭愧的；confused困惑的；discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被别人认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
52.game游戏；problem问题；lesson课；deal交易，局面。参见上题解析。a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
“She was just crying.I couldn’t 53 her，” Bailey told the reporter.“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
leave离开，丢下；cure治愈；bother打扰；understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying.”以及Bailey一路背着Lenoue走到终点线后又走了300英尺可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能丢下她。故选A。
53.A.leave B.cure
C.bother D.understand
√
Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 ，they’ve since become friends.Neither won the race，but the 55 of human kindness won the day.
54.A.ride B.test
C.meet D.show
55.A.secret B.display
C.benefit D.exchange
√
√
54.ride短途旅程；test测试；meet体育比赛；show展示。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，此处表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
55.secret秘密；display展示；benefit益处；exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line，then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get attention”可知，Bailey背着另一名参赛者冲过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。
文本分析 中心思想 文章讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛跑中，Melanie Bailey背着另一名参赛者Danielle Lenoue冲过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
写作要素 When：On Oct.11
Where：a cross-country race in Minnesota
Who：Melanie Bailey & Danielle Lenoue
What：Bailey helped injured Lenoue in a cross-country race.
Why：She was just crying.I couldn’t leave her.
How：Bailey carried Lenoue all the way to the finish line.
写作目的 文章体现了“人与社会”的主题语境，赞扬了团结互助的体育精神。
技法一　重首句，易入题
完形填空的题眼往往出现在文章的开头。通过把握首句，可以确定文章的主题、背景、人物、时间、地点、事件等，从而把握文章的发展方向，达到顺利“入题”的目的。本文第一句交代了故事发生的时间“On Oct.11”、人物“hundreds of runners”、地点“in Minnesota”和事件“a cross-country race”，由此可推知下文可能要讲述主人公在越野赛跑中的经历。
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
真题体验 (2021·新课标Ⅰ)
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41.made little bunny(兔子) cakes for all its 42.stores throughout Cleveland.It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 43 help during our spring break，
43.A.generous B.financial
C.technical D.temporary
√
根据上文中的“in middle school”和“for three whole days”可推知，作者是短期打工，再结合空后的“during our spring break”可知，此处表示春假期间，市中心的工厂临时需要八个孩子来帮忙。
for which I had no 44.plans beyond listening to my favorite records.I’d 45 minimum wage.I’d see how a factory 46 .My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 47.permission.
45.A.offer B.earn
C.set D.suggest
46.A.worked B.closed
C.developed D.survived
√
√
45.根据上文中的“as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school”和空后的“minimum wage”可知，作者当时还是中学生，要做的是临时工的工作，挣的是最低工资。
46.由上文中的“I worked in a baking factory.”可知，作者去工厂打工，在那里她可以获知工厂是如何运转的。
技法二　寻复现，找答案
在高考完形填空中，命题人往往通过原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、同源词复现、反义词复现、上下词复现等方式重现已经出现过的词汇。做题时，在把握语篇、透析语境的前提下，应留心选项中是否有与上下文相对应的词汇，运用词汇复现技巧快速锁定答案。常见的词汇复现方式如下：
(1)原词复现——在上下文中同一词汇重复出现
原词复现是指一个单词在一个语义场中以同样的词形反复出现，有时兼有词形变化。如上文中44题的race是文章第一句中的race的原词复现。
“I’m going to inspire so many people，” she said.“I’m ready to 60 .” And shine she did.
60.A.shine B.fly
C.dance D.score
真题体验1 (2023·全国乙)
√
shine照耀，发光；fly飞行；dance跳舞；score得分。由上文“I’m going to inspire so many people”和下文“And shine she did.”可知，她认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人。空格处的shine是空后shine 的原词复现。故选A。
(2)同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现
同根词复现是指文中的某个句子中复现了所填词的派生词。这类题首先要求考生在平时的学习中掌握基本的构词法和基本词缀，其次是要能在上下文中找出相应的线索。如上文中43题的competitor是上文中compete的同根词复现。
It just 44.happened that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot，Karen，who 45.offered to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46.pick up Tiffy.
...
真题体验2 (2023·新课标Ⅱ)
The flight was 53.uneventful，and Tiffy was a great passenger.The next day，she 54 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days.He was so 55.thankful and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
54.A.returned B.fought
C.flew D.agreed
√
return返回；fight打仗；fly飞；agree同意。根据上文中“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot，Karen，who 45.offered to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia”和空前的“The flight was 53.uneventful，and Tiffy was a great passenger.”可知，Karen带着Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。本空中的flew与前文的flight是同根词复现。故选C。
(3)同/近义词复现——意思相同、相近的表达方式或者解释性的词汇复现
同/近义词复现是指上下文中的某个甚至是多个句子出现了所填词的同/近义词，对所填词所在的句子起到了诠释或照应的作用。
To become the Olympic champion in the individual(个人) all-around event，Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she 41.knew best...Even at 14，Douglas knew that.So she 47 about 1,200 miles away from home，to 48.train with a coach from China.
47.A.dropped out B.moved on
C.pulled over D.went off
真题体验3 (2023·全国乙)
√
drop out退出；move on继续；pull over靠边停车；go off离开。由下文“about 1,200 miles away from home”可知，Gabby Douglas到了一个离家1 200英里的地方。空中的 went off与第41空前的leave是同义词复现。故选D。
Eventually，Ms Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research
43 at Tel Aviv University in Israel...Ms Burdeyney began raising 46.money for the project with a friend，Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman.
43.A.course B.program
C.paper D.conference
真题体验4 (2022·浙江1月)
√
program项目。由46空后的the project可知，此处指一个眼睛研究项目。故选B。program与project是同义词复现。
(4)反义词复现——意思相反或对比性解释的词汇复现
反义词复现是指上下文中的某个句子与所填词所在的句子表达了相反的意思，在原句和复现句之间常有but，however，or，while等词进行连接，表达相反或相对的含义。
When I met Tiffy’s owners，they seemed very 47 .George，the husband，was trying to be calm，but I could tell this was 48.hard for him，having to leave his dog to a 49.stranger and trust that everything would 50.work out.
47.A.confused B.nervous C.annoyed D.curious
真题体验5 (2023·新课标Ⅱ)
√
confused困惑的；nervous紧张的；annoyed恼怒的；curious好奇的。由but可知，此处与空后的calm(平静的)构成反义关系，也就是要表示“紧张的，不安的”。
(5)同场词汇复现——意义相关的词汇复现
意义相关的词汇复现在同一语篇中，构成以某一话题为中心的词汇链，因其共同出现的倾向性，被称为“同场”词汇。比如：ears与hear/listen to；ill，pale，nurse，doctor和operation等。
We brought young children aged 2－4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.Each 47.child sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 .We then asked the child if she could 49 or hear the adult.
48.A.feet B.nose
C.hands D.ears
真题体验6 (2022·全国乙)
49.A.see B.help
C.reach D.fool
√
√
48.foot脚；nose鼻子；hand手；ear耳朵。根据下文“or hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。此处ears与下文中的hear是同场词汇复现。
49.see看见；help帮助；reach到达；fool欺骗。根据上文“an adult who covered her own eyes”可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。此处see与上文中的eyes是同场词汇复现。
Surprisingly，children replied that they couldn’t.The same 50.thing happened when the adult covered her own mouth：51.Now children said that they couldn’t 52 to her.
52.A.speak B.listen
C.turn D.wave
√
speak说；listen听；turn转；wave挥手。根据语境，此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴，此时孩子们说他们不能和成年人说话了。此处speak与上文中的mouth是同场词汇复现。
技法三　看语境，辨词义
语境就是指文章的上下文，着重考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析、推理、判断的能力。考生要通过上下文的提示或暗示，对文章进行整体把握。因此，在做题时要有全局观念，开头的题目要从下文找答案，中间或最后的题目要从上下文查找信息。即使考查词组，也是在理解语境前提下的词义复现。近几年的高考真题更侧重于考生对具体语境的把握，尤其是对整篇文章语义的理解能力。所设选项中，三个干扰项不一定是错误的，而是不符合所在语篇语言环境的特点，因此突出了语境化和整体性，主要涉及时间、地点、方向、情感、动作等。如上文的第41、42、45、46、47、48、49、50、51、52、53、54、55题是通过分析上下文语境得知答案的。
As reported by a local newspaper，Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44.race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.She 45.stopped to help her fellow runner，Danielle Lenoue.Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 .She couldn’t.
46.A.courage B.aid
C.patience D.advice
真题体验1 (2023·新课标Ⅰ)
√
(1)根据上文提示
courage勇气；aid帮助；patience耐心；advice建议。根据上文语境“She 45.stopped to help her fellow runner”可知，此处表示看Lenoue是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41 .
They could not afford to pay for 42.transportation for their dog，Tiffy，and 43.desperately wanted to take her with them.
41.A.turn B.budget
C.schedule D.connection
真题体验2 (2023·新课标Ⅱ)
√
(2)根据下文提示
turn转折点；budget预算；schedule时间表；connection联系。根据下文语境“They could not afford to pay for 42.transportation for their dog，Tiffy”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
(2023·广东二模)
Every August，teams with players about 10 years old play baseball across the US.
随堂演练
语篇解读
本文是一篇记叙文。在少年棒球联盟比赛中，Kaiden Shelton不小心砸中了对方击球手Isaiah Jarvis，虽然Isaiah没事，但Kaiden吓坏了，于是Isaiah主动拥抱了他，并给他安慰，这一幕感动了许多人，而他们也收获了珍贵的友谊。
Their aim is to become Little League 1 .
1.A.candidates B.volunteers
C.champions D.reporters
√
candidate候选人；volunteer志愿者；champion冠军；reporter记者。根据上文“play baseball across the US”和“Their aim”以及常识可知，参加棒球比赛的目的是成为冠军。故选C。
In this year’s game，Isaiah Jarvis，a Little League batter(击球手)，
2 the pitcher(投球手)，Kaiden Shelton，who threw a baseball that hit him in the head.
2.A.replaced B.hugged
C.challenged D.identified
replace代替；hug拥抱；challenge挑战；identify认出。根据第三段中的“He calmly walked toward Kaiden and gave him a big hug”可知，此处为hug原词复现，表示Isaiah Jarvis拥抱了Kaiden Shelton。故选B。
√
The 3 scene brought tears to the eyes of the crowd in the stadium.
3.A.embarrassing B.confusing
C.amusing D.touching
√
embarrassing令人尴尬的；confusing令人困惑的；amusing好笑的；touching感人的。根据空后的“brought tears”可知，这个场景非常感人。故选D。
On August 7th，Kaiden Shelton，from Texas， 4 Isaiah Jarvis，from Oklahoma，at the plate.
4.A.faced B.saved
C.assisted D.needed
√
face面对；save拯救；assist援助；need需要。根据上文中的“Isaiah Jarvis，a Little League batter(击球手)”和“the pitcher(投球手)，Kaiden Shelton”及常识可知，在棒球比赛中，一方的击球手和对方的投球手处于面对面防守和进攻的位置。故选A。
With two strikes against Isaiah，Kaiden 5 lost control of his pitch.The ball hit Isaiah in his helmet，sending him to the ground.
5.A.possibly B.suddenly
C.gradually D.nearly
possibly可能；suddenly突然；gradually逐渐；nearly差不多。根据下文的“The ball hit Isaiah in his helmet，sending him to the ground.”可知，这次投球出现了一个意外，这说明Kaiden突然失去了对投球力度的控制。故选B。
√
The field staff immediately 6 him and found him to be OK.
6.A.attended to B.appealed to
C.referred to D.objected to
√
attend to处理，照料；appeal to对……有吸引力；refer to指的是；object to反对。根据空后的“found him to be OK”和常识可知，现场工作人员在有人受伤的情况下应立即赶去处理。故选A。
He decided to remain in the 7 .
7.A.video B.celebration
C.game D.tournament
√
video视频；celebration庆祝活动；game比赛；tournament锦标赛。根据上文中的“found him to be OK”和空前的“decided to remain”可知，发现自己没事后，他决定继续比赛。故选C。
Yet Kaiden，the pitcher，appeared to be 8 .
8.A.disappointed B.annoyed
C.surprised D.panicked
√
disappointed失望的；annoyed生气的；surprised惊讶的；panicked惊慌失措的。根据下文中的“battling emotions”可知，Kaiden因为这种意外的发生而变得惊慌失措。故选D。
Isaiah called a timeout upon seeing his 9 battling emotions.
9.A.partner B.opponent
C.coach D.fan
√
partner伙伴；opponent对手；coach教练；fan狂热爱好者。由第二段首句可知，Isaiah和Kaiden是对手。故选B。
He calmly walked toward Kaiden and gave him a big hug，trying to
10 him.
10.A.protect B.rescue
C.comfort D.instruct
√
protect保护；rescue救援；comfort安慰；instruct指示。根据下文中的“Hey，you’re doing just great.”可知，Isaiah想要安慰Kaiden。故选C。
“Hey，you’re doing just great.” Kaiden later shared with NBC News，“These 11 words from him really helped me.”
11.A.powerful B.typical
C.familiar D.contradictory
√
powerful强有力的；typical典型的；familiar熟悉的；contradictory相互矛盾的。根据空后的“really helped me”可知，Isaiah说的话非常有力，帮助到了Kaiden。故选A。
A video of the moment was posted online and attracted more than 6.5 million views.Danny Graves，a sports announcer，said Isaiah’ s 12 was the best thing he had ever seen in Little League baseball.
12.A.strength B.sportsmanship
C.generosity D.politeness
strength体力；sportsmanship体育精神；generosity慷慨；politeness礼貌。根据第三段中的“He calmly walked toward Kaiden and gave him a big hug”可知，在看到对手情绪激动后，Isaiah主动安慰对手，这是体育精神的体现。故选B。
√
The Texas team won the game 9-4 to 13 to the Little League World Series.
13.A.apply B.return
C.connect D.head
√
apply运用；return返回；connect联系；head朝(某方向)行进。根据空前的“won the game”和空后的“the Little League World Series”可知，此处是说朝着少年棒球联盟世界大赛前进，即晋级。故选D。
And Isaiah was also 14 to the game to celebrate its 75th anniversary.
14.A.linked B.admitted
C.invited D.selected
√
link连接；admit承认；invite邀请；select挑选。根据第二段的“Kaiden Shelton，from Texas， Isaiah Jarvis，from Oklahoma”和最后一段中的“The Texas team won the game”可知，Kaiden所在的得克萨斯州球队赢得比赛，并顺利晋级，所以Isaiah没有参加接下来的比赛，而是被邀请来观看。故选C。
The pair told NBC News they think their newfound 15 will last beyond any tournament.
15.A.friendship B.popularity
C.wealth D.freedom
√
friendship友谊；popularity流行；wealth财富；freedom自由。通读全文并结合空前的newfound可知，Kaiden和Isaiah经过这次比赛后建立了友谊。故选A。
本课结束