2024年高考英语二轮复习专题四 ：语法填空 第4讲　无提示词类——连词课件（共49张PPT）

(共49张PPT)
语法填空
专题四
第4讲
无提示词类——连词
对连词的考查涉及并列句、名词性从句、状语从句和定语从句等，是高考语法填空的重点和难点，也是学生的易错点。做题时要认真分析句子成分，如果发现两个句子之间存在并列、转折、选择或者因果关系，则要填并列连词；如果空处引导从句，则首先要看它引导的是哪一种从句，然后根据连词的种类和功能来确定填哪一个。
技法一　如何确定并列连词
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
并列连词 分析关系 1.表示并列或递进关系的有and，both...and...，not only...but (also)...等。 2.表示选择关系的有or，either...or...，not...but...等。 3.表示转折或对比关系的有but，while等。 4.表示因果关系的有so，for等。 1.(2023·江西吉安一模)Many accidents happen during the first week of riding， it’s of vital importance to learn how to fall safely.
2.(2023·河南郑州一检)At first，his parents didn’t agree at all because they could not afford it，_______ the tennis club offered to teach him free of charge.
3.(2023·广东深圳二调)Every year，this unique firework display attracts tons of people in spite of the freezing cold weather draws attention for its protection.
so
but/yet
and
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
并列连词 固定句型 1.“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句” 2.be doing...when... 3.be about to do...when... 4.be on the point of doing...when... 5.had just done...when... 4.Work more efficiently you will have more time for rest and relaxation.
5.Get down to your work at once ___ you will be fired.
6.We were sleeping we heard the dog barking crazily outside.
and
or
when
技法二　如何确定定语从句的关系词
考查 方向 解题思路 针对训练
关系 代词 1.先行词指人且所填关系词在从句中作主语时，可以用关系词that或who。 2.先行词指人且所填关系词在从句中作宾语时，可以用关系词that或whom或who，也可以不填。 3.先行词指物且所填关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，可以用关系词that或which。 1.(2023·山东平度二模)The villages have resisted the winds of change __________ swept across many other parts of China.
2.(2023·安徽皖南八校联考)It is just like Huizhou people， are often reserved towards strangers but friendly when you get to know them.
that/which
who
考查 方向 解题思路 针对训练
关系 代词 4.先行词指人或物且所填关系词在从句中作定语时，可以用关系词whose。 5.非限制性定语从句不能用关系词that引导。 6.在非限制性定语从句中，如果先行词是前面的整个句子或句子的一部分，可以用关系词as或which。as译为“正如”；which译为“这一点，这件事”，表明事物的状态或结果。 3.(2023·山东济南二模)The night market， flexibility provides more employment alternatives for job-seekers，has brought joy and fun for consumers.
4. is described in paragraph 4，taking a small kid to a half-hour Story Time allows the parent to enjoy quiet reading.
whose
As
考查 方向 解题思路 针对训练
关系副词 先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词且所填关系词在从句中作状语时，可以用关系副词when，where或why。 [注意]　先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词且所填关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，可以用关系代词that或which。 5.(2023·陕西宝鸡三模)The courtyard was an early form of a money market， official currencies were exchanged in the Qing Dynasty.
6.(2023·江西九江一模)She has worked as a tour guide and vendor(小贩) in Yangshuo since 1998，
______the area became popular with foreign backpackers and organized tours.
7.(2023·河北邯郸二模)The reason the 12th lunar month is called layue has a lot to do with the custom of sacrifice.
where
when
why
考查 方向 解题思路 针对训练
介词＋关系词 1.关系词依据先行词来确定，如果先行词指人，用whom；如果先行词指物，用which；如果先行词指人或物，且关系词在从句中作定语，则用whose。 2.介词根据以下原则来确定： (1)与先行词的搭配； (2)与从句谓语的搭配； (3)逻辑关系。 8.(2023·河北邯郸一模)It was the day on ______ the traffic changed from driving on the left-hand side of the road to the right.
9.The old lady had one son and two daughters，none of treated her well，which made her very sad.
10.I’d appreciate my teacher very much without help I couldn’t win the award.
which
whom
whose
[注意]　常见的只用that而不用which的情况：
1.先行词是不定代词或者被不定代词修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。
Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself
2.先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only，the very，the last等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。
This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.
This is the only thing that we can do now.
3.先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。
The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.
4.当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也作表语时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.
技法三　如何确定名词性从句的连接词
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。分析句子结构，先找出主句的谓语动词，谓语动词之前的从句为主语从句，动词和介词后的从句为宾语从句，系动词后的从句为表语从句，位于名词之后且对名词内容加以解释说明的从句为同位语从句。判断出从句以后，再根据以下技法确定连接词。
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
that和whether/if 分析句子结构，当从句不缺少任何成分时，若待填的连接词也没有任何意思，要考虑连接词that；若表示“是否”的意思，一般考虑连接词whether；if可以用于引导宾语从句。 1.(2023·山东济宁二模)The belief behind it is illness and pain occur because of blocked energy (or Qi) in the body.
2.(2023·福建龙岩二模)But debate has arisen over this tea should be placed in a new category as it is different in many ways compared with dark tea.
that
whether
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
连接代词 分析句子结构，若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语，要用连接代词what，who，whom，which，whose，whatever等。 3.(2023·河南新乡三模)Ever wonder _____it would feel like to hide away in a dark cave without being connected to the outside world for 40 days
4.The doubt is has got away with the document.
what
who
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
连接副词 分析句子结构，若从句缺少状语，要用连接副词where(表地点)，when(表时间)，how(表方式或程度)，why(表原 因)等。 5.(2023·山东聊城二模)Younger generations have a real sense of cultural heritage，and that’s I am incredibly optimistic about the future of the craft.
6.(2023·山西临汾考前适应性训练)Thus，it’s not difficult to imagine much effort had to be put in to achieve such a splendid structure.
why
how
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
形式主 语和形 式宾语it 在名词性从句中有时用it作形式主语或形式宾语，其用法在前面代词讲解时已经提到。 7.(2023·河南TOP名校三模)It is reported ____
the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC) took over 200 pieces of independently developed aviation equipment and technologies to the Airshow China 2022，up 34 percent from a year ago.
8.I considered it a privilege I would deliver a speech standing here on behalf of our school.
that
that
技法四　如何确定状语从句的连接词
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
状语从句的连接词 根据句意确定是什么状语从句，进而确定连接词，常见的状语从句的连接词有： 1.时间状语从句while/when/as/since/before/after/until 2.条件状语从句if/unless/once 1.(2023·山西忻州一模)Tiangong space station will be the only space station still up and running in the universe one day the International Space Station retires by around the end of the decade as expected.
2.(2023·山东枣庄二模)In July 2001，Ragione was in China Beijing won the right to host the 2008 Olympic Games.
if
when
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
状语从句的连接词 3.让步状语从句though/although/while/as 4.地点状语从句where 5.原因状语从句because/since/as 3.(2023·四川凉山州二诊)
______________________men dominate the adult world，many countries have witnessed a turning point in boys—they are losing their edge.
While/Though/Although
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
状语从句的连接词 根据固定句型来确定连接词，常见的固定句型有： so/such...that... not...until... It will/won’t be＋...＋before... It was＋...＋before... It is some time＋since... whether...or not... no sooner...than... hardly...when... 4.(2023·海南屯昌二模)Trees，plants and flowers are all around us and we enjoy their beauty every day.However，we are so used to them we may even take them for granted without realizing how much inspiration they have given us.
5.(2023·山东潍坊一模)Dunhuang is a place of magic.For those who once planned to work here temporarily，maybe it will be a few years ________
they move to bigger cities.
6.(2023·河南焦作二模)Whether you are a history-loving traveler a lover of natural landscape，you will never get tired of the Great Wall，one of the seven wonders in the world.
that
before
or
Group 1　达标练
1.(2023·河南平顶山4月联考)In 2013，China launched the Belt and Road Initiative at the same time presented the vision of a community with a shared future for human beings as China’s view of an alternative world order.
2.(2023·山东青岛适应性检测)Wang Xiaoqing，born in the 1990s，found that in the US，Chinese bamboo products were popular among customers， many of them carried foreign brands，despite China being the “kingdom of bamboos”.
随堂演练
小题练基础
and
but
3.(2023·湖南九校联盟联考)Moreover，for those who love hiking，jogging or cycling，the Thousand Islands Lake in Chun’an County is an ideal destination it boasts 1,078 islands，winding roads and charming villages.
4.(2023·吉林白山一模)He has found that ants live underground for a long time，they can still find out if other ants belong to the same nest.
as/because/since/for
though/although/while
5.(2023·江苏苏北七市二模)Traditional Chinese aesthetic(美学的) concepts are reflected in the drum playing，all of represent distinctive local features.
6.(2023·辽宁抚顺一模)Many of the barrier-free facilities in the bookstore were included following suggestions by Han Ying，honorary store manager， lost her vision due to illness.
which
who
7.(2023·河南安阳一模)Paris 2024 organizers are expecting crowds of 600,000 people for they call the largest-ever Olympic ceremony—ten times more than could attend in the Stade de France.
8.(2023·广东大湾区联合模拟)Currently，more and more young people wear the adjusted hanfu with the belief the best way to preserve tradition is to adapt it to modern life.
what
that
9.Starting recycling projects in the home or community and picking up trash in the neighborhood are also can make a difference.
10.(2023·河北唐山、保定一模)Ai Kanxiang is about to finish his first semester at college， he is working hard to make his dream come true.
what
where
Group 2　真题练
1.(2023·全国甲)Yet，the form of the fable still has values today，___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.
2.(2023·全国甲)“There was once a town in the heart of America，_____ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins，borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
as
where
3.(2023·全国乙)But for all its ancient buildings，Beijing is also a place ___________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life，with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
4.(2023·全国乙)It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn’t work，________somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
that/which
but/yet
5.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)To eat one，you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first，releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出)， to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
6.(2023·新课标Ⅱ)This is they need an English trainer.
7.(2023·新课标Ⅱ)It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop to see the pandas settle into their new home.
or
why
and
8.(2023·浙江1月)During China’s dynastic period，emperors planned the city of Beijing arranged the residential areas according to social classes.
9.(2022·全国甲)On the 1,100-kilometer journey，the man Cao Shengkang， lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident，crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.
10.(2022·浙江1月)Cobb，for her part，started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak she could do so remotely；about three-quarters of the time，they agreed.
and
who
whether/if
A
(2023·江苏南通考前冲刺)
Breathing dirty air causes the premature death of at least 1,200 children across Europe each year.Actually，
语篇提能力
语篇解读
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了空气污染对儿童造成的影响以及一些解决措施。
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。谓语动词trouble与主语many thousands more之间是被动关系，此处叙述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are troubled。
many thousands more 1. (trouble) with physical and mental health problems that could have lifelong impacts.
are troubled
考查固定搭配。when it comes to...“当谈到……”是固定用法，且句首字母应大写。故填When。
2. it comes to air pollution，
When
考查介词。句意：在空气污染这件事上，儿童和大人不能等同视之。think of...as...“把……当作……”是固定搭配，介词as意为“作为”。故填as。
we can’t think of children 3. little adults.They receive more pollution，and it starts in the womb(子宫) and continues in kindergarten and onwards.
as
考查形容词的比较级。根据句中more和closer等句意可知，此处应用形容词的比较级作定语。故填faster。
Children are more exposed to dirty air than adults because they have a 4. (fast) breathing rate，are closer to the ground and are outdoors more.
faster
考查形容词。根据前文are可知，此处应用形容词作表语，be sensitive to...“对……敏感”是固定搭配。故填sensitive。
They are particularly 5. (sense) to dirty air，and pollutants can have a permanent impact on their development.The impacts begin before birth，
sensitive
考查定语从句。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
6. contributes to low birth weight and premature birth.
which
考查名词的复数。后文列举了road traffic，coal and solid fuel burning，and industrial emissions这几种污染源，空处应用source的复数形式作宾语。故填sources。
Reducing the 7. (source) of air pollution，including road traffic，coal and solid fuel burning，and industrial emissions(排放物)，is key.
sources
考查动词不定式。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作状语，表目的。故填to reduce。
Action should also be taken 8. (reduce) the specific risks to children.These could include putting clean air zones around schools，
to reduce
考查含情态动词的被动语态。动词restrict和主语traffic之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，和would构成含情态动词的被动语态。故填be restricted。
where traffic would 9. (restrict) and idling engines(怠速运转) prohibited.
be restricted
考查动名词。consider doing sth“考虑做某事”是固定短语，动名词planting作consider的宾语。故填planting。
Local authorities and schools should also consider 10. (plant) trees，ivy screens and hedge fences around playgrounds.
planting
B
(2023·山东泰安二模)
Thanks to abundant rainfall and the patient effort of the local government，Jinan,
语篇解读
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了山东的省会济南的几处著名的泉水。
1.____ provincial capital of Shandong that 2. (title) as the “city of springs”，has seen a year of remarkable achievement.
1.考查冠词。修饰名词词组provincial capital“省会”且表示特指，应用定冠词。故填the。
2.考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。该空是定语从句的谓语，that指代先行词作从句的主语，和title之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。描述客观事实，用一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is titled。
the
is titled
The Baotu Spring，a famous scenic spot in the city’s Lixia District，saw its water table exceed 30 meters on Oct 11 to reach the 3.__________
(high) level for that time of year since it started gushing(喷涌)again in 2003.
考查形容词的最高级。根据定冠词the和句意可知，表示“最高水位”，用形容词的最高级形式。故填highest。
highest
Since early this year，the spring’s water table 4.__________(be) on the rise，the water affairs bureau says.There are 1,209 artesian(自然流淌的)springs in Jinan，
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since early this year可知，用现在完成时。主语the spring’s water table是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been。
has been
according to a list 5. (publish) in September last year.
考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以此处用非谓语动词形式。名词a list和publish之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填published。
published
The southern hilly area,6. also collects and generates the spring water，is higher than the river plain to the north.The groundwater flows downward and gushes out at the foot of the hills.In some springs，bubbles are seen rising from the bedrock.
考查定语从句。先行词为The southern hilly area，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
which
The water is so clear in every spring that 7. (tourist) can see the bottom of the springs.
考查名词的复数。tourist“游客”，可数名词，此处表示泛指，所以用复数形式。故填tourists。
tourists
The Black Tiger Spring originates 8. a 3-meter-deep, 1.7-meter-wide 9. (nature) cave.
8.考查介词。originate from起源于。故填from。
9.考查形容词。修饰名词cave，用形容词形式作定语。故填natural。
from
natural
Its name comes from the roaring sound it makes 10. water gushes out of tiger head-shaped stones.
The springs in Jinan are a way of life.
考查连词。表示“当……时候”，用连词when，引导时间状语从句。故填when。
when
本课结束