大湾区2023—2024学年第一学期末普通高中一年级联合考试
英语
本试卷共8页，分三部分，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号和准考证号填写在答题卡上，将条形码横贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
We’ve collected some of the greatest royal (皇家的) palaces and castles to visit in Britain. Here are our picks.
Windsor Castle, Berkshire
Windsor Castle is the oldest castle in the world. It used to be an official accommodation for Her Majesty the Queen and was the place where the wedding of Prince Hary and Meghan Markle was held. The site of Windsor Castle was chosen and built by William in around 1070 to guard the western ways to London from a possible attack.
Open all year round to the public.
Buckingham Palace, Westminster
The official accommodation of the King and Queen and one of Britain’s most recognized historic sites, Buckingham Palace is often used for national celebrations and events. It was bought in 1761 by George II for his wife Queen Charlotte.
Buckingham Palace is open to the public during the summer months and for a limited number of tours in December, January and at Easter each year.
Kew Palace, Richmond-Upon-Thames
Sitting on the banks of the River Thames in London, Kew Palace might be the smallest of the royal palaces. With the big Kew Gardens around, the palace was built in 1631 for the London silk businessman, Samuel Fortreas.
Kew Palace is open for the summer season.
Hampton Court Palace, Surrey
Set on the edge of the River Thames, Hampton Court Palace in Surrey was a Tudor palace created by Cardinal Wlosey in the early 16th century and was once home to Henry VII over the years. There are beautiful gardens nearby and the palace was opened to the public in 1838 by Queen Victoria.
Open all year round, except 24-26 December.
1. Why was Windsor Castle built
A. To promote western culture.
B. To find new ways to the west.
C. To guard London from attacks.
D. To protect the roads to London.
2. What do Kew Palace and Hampton Court Palace have in common
A. They are very small.
B. They are near the River Thames.
C. They were built by a businessman.
D. They were opened to the public by a Queen.
3. Which palace has the shortest opening time in a year
A. Windsor Castle. B. Buckingham Palace.
C. Kew Palace. D. Hampton Court Palace.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是一些英国最伟大的皇家宫殿和城堡的相关信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Windsor Castle, Berkshire部分的“The site of Windsor Castle was chosen and built by William in around 1070 to guard the western ways to London from a possible attack.(温莎城堡的地点是威廉在1070年左右选定并建造的，以保护通往伦敦的西部道路免受可能的袭击。)”可知，建造温莎城堡是为了保护通往伦敦的道路。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Kew Palace, Richmond-Upon-Thames部分的“Sitting on the banks of the River Thames in London, Kew Palace might be the smallest of the royal palaces.(Kew Palace坐落在伦敦泰晤士河畔，可能是最小的皇家宫殿。)”和Hampton Court Palace, Surrey部分的“Set on the edge of the River Thames, Hampton Court Palace in Surrey was a Tudor palace created by Cardinal Wlosey in the early 16th century and was once home to Henry VII over the years.(位于萨里郡的Hampton Court Palace坐落在泰晤士河边，是一座都铎王朝的宫殿，由红衣主教Wlosey于16世纪早期建造，曾是亨利七世的家。)”可知，Kew Palace和Hampton Court Palace的共同点是它们都在泰晤士河附近。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Windsor Castle, Berkshire部分的“Open all year round to the public.(全年向公众开放。)”，Buckingham Palace, Westminster部分的“Buckingham Palace is open to the public during the summer months and for a limited number of tours in December, January and at Easter each year.(白金汉宫在夏季向公众开放，在每年的12月、1月和复活节期间对公众开放。)”，Kew Palace, Richmond-Upon-Thames部分的“Kew Palace is open for the summer season.(Kew Palace在夏季开放。)”和Hampton Court Palace, Surrey部分的“Open all year round, except 24-26 December.(全年开放，12月24日至26日除外。)”可知，开放时间最短的是Kew Palace。故选C。
B
It was the first run of a family ski weekend in Colorado.The perfect spring morning greeted us with clear skies and a warm temperature.We planned the course on the mountain map and set off.Then, three minutes into the run, my left ski came off; then my right ski turned over and took my leg with it, and then I heard the sharp sound.I lay on the snow, screaming.My brother and husband stopped and took me down the mountain to the hospital．
After an operation, the doctor told me that I wouldn’t walk for three months.It seemed like a blow.“How can we get everything done ” I turned to Adam, my husband.Who would get the kids to the bus at 7:15 a.m. , since my husband was in his office by 6 a.m. each day Who would deal with the two dogs Who would prepare dinner Who would drive to tennis practices “We’ll work it out,” Adam said.I nodded, because we didn’t have the other choice．
But something unexpected happened: friends both near and far were searching for ways they could help.Parents at our school bus stop offered to drop my kids off each afternoon.My kids ran up the steps each day to check on me.My husband, the man who, in the past, had to be told what to do and when to do it, pulled our family back up.
Finally, I returned to the shopping and the bus pickups. I made dinners again.I organized everyone and sent them out the door.But something had changed in our family, in me.Now I am quicker to ask for help if I am the one needing.
4. In which activity did the author break her legs
A. Hiking． B. Horse riding． C. Snow skiing． D. Mountain climbing．
5. How did the author feel after the operation
A. Serious． B. Anxious． C. Confused． D. Impressed．
6. What does the unexpected thing refer to
A. My attitude changed． B. Things went on smoothly．
C. My friends became active． D. My husband got everything done．
7. What does the author want us to learn from her story
A. We should enjoy our life． B. We should live in the moment．
C. We should value our family． D. We should be brave to ask for help．
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文。作者在滑雪时意外受伤，她非常担心家中的生活。但后来她发现她这种担心没有必要，因为每个人都伸出了援手。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“It was the first run of a family ski weekend in Colorado.The perfect spring morning greeted us with clear skies and a warm temperature.We planned the course on the mountain map and set off. Then, three minutes into the run, my left ski came off; then my right ski turned over and took my leg with it, and then I heard the sharp sound.I lay on the snow, screaming. My brother and husband stopped and took me down the mountain to the hospital.（这是科罗拉多州家庭周末滑雪的第一次。晴朗的天空和温暖的气温迎接我们的是一个完美的春天的早晨。我们在山地地图上规划好路线，然后出发了。然后，在滑行三分钟后，我的左滑雪板脱落了；然后我的右雪板翻了，把我的腿也卷了进去，然后我听到了一声尖锐的声音。我躺在雪地上，尖叫着。我的哥哥和丈夫停下来带我下山去医院。）”可知，在滑雪中作者摔断了腿。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“After an operation, the doctor told me that I wouldn’t walk for three months. It seemed like a blow.“How can we get everything done ” I turned to Adam, my husband. Who would get the kids to the bus at 7:15 a.m. , since my husband was in his office by 6 a.m. each day Who would deal with the two dogs Who would prepare dinner Who would drive to tennis practices （手术后，医生告诉我三个月内不能走路。这似乎是一个打击。“我们怎样才能把所有的事情都做完呢 ”我转向我的丈夫亚当。既然我丈夫每天早上6点就到办公室了，谁会在早上7点15分把孩子们送到公交车上呢 谁来照顾这两只狗呢 谁来准备晚餐 谁会开车去练网球 ）”推知，作者手术后感觉很焦虑，担心很多事无法正常进行。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“But something unexpected happened: friends both near and far were searching for ways they could help. Parents at our school bus stop offered to drop my kids off each afternoon. My kids ran up the steps each day to check on me. My husband, the man who, in the past, had to be told what to do and when to do it, pulled our family back up.（但意想不到的事情发生了：远近的朋友都在寻找他们可以帮助的方法。每天下午，校车站的家长都愿意送我的孩子们下车。我的孩子们每天都跑上台阶来看我。我的丈夫，那个在过去必须被告知该做什么、什么时候该做的男人，把我们的家庭拉了回来。）”可知，意想不到的事情指的是事情进行得很顺利。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Finally, I returned to the shopping and the bus pickups. I made dinners again. I organized everyone and sent them out the door. But something had changed in our family, in me. Now I am quicker to ask for help if I am the one needing.（最后，我回到购物和公共汽车接送。我又开始做饭了。我组织了所有人，让他们出去了。但我们的家庭和我发生了一些变化。现在，如果我是需要帮助的人，我会更快地寻求帮助。）”推知，作者希望我们从她的故事中学习到应该勇敢地寻求帮助。故选D。
C
The week my eldest son finished pre-school education, I decided to clear out the playroom filled with his toys. Toys had kept him company whenever his mother and I were busy with other duties, and over the years we had collected a really large number of them. Here are some of what I found: 13 puzzles, 4 games for practising maths, and a speaker box that could play Mozart to develop musical ability.
Our masses of playthings may have been extreme, but it was by no means unusual. American families spend, on average, around 600 dollars every year on toys; a 10-year-old child in the UK may have owned 238 toys, totaling about 6,500 pounds.
During the past two centuries, educators, toy companies and parents like us have acted as if the purpose of play is to prepare children for adulthood. The more book learning we could pack up as play, and then give to our children, the better. Then, in the second half of the 20th century, toys were increasingly bought for the purpose of building better brains in order to build more competitive and successful grownups. By 2020, the different kinds of educational toys had made nearly $65 billion worldwide. Toys that teach — from the Speak & Spell to the See & Say — are now a part of many young lives.
“This generation of parents is asking toys to provide an end product, and that end product is success,” Richard Gottlieb, an influential toy industry advisor, commented. “They want toys to get their children into Harvard.”
“The model has been, ‘If I get toys that do schoolish things, then that’s good,’” Alison Gopnik, a leading developmental psychologist, said. “But that really goes against what the developmental science is telling us. For a long time, we’ve been getting our children, and their toys, all wrong.”
8. Why does the author mention toys in his house
A. To present the varieties of toys.
B. To advise others to buy fewer toys.
C. To show parents’ craziness for toys.
D. To complain of too many toys in his house.
9. How does the author show his point in paragraph 2
A. By listing numbers. B. By quoting opinions.
C. By providing examples. D. By drawing comparisons.
10. What is parents’ misunderstanding about toys
A. They can keep children happy.
B They can make children positive.
C. They can reduce children’s stress.
D. They can promote children’s success.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Do We Need to Buy Toys B. Are Toys a Part of Our Life
C. Can Toys Bring Us Happiness D. Have We Got Toys All Wrong
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家长们对玩具的狂热，解释了家长们买玩具是以为它可以帮助孩子们获得成功，但实际上这是家长们的误解，与发展科学相违背。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The week my eldest son finished pre-school education, I decided to clear out the playroom filled with his toys. Toys had kept him company whenever his mother and I were busy with other duties, and over the years we had collected a really large number of them. Here are some of what I found: 13 puzzles, 4 games for practising maths, and a speaker box that could play Mozart to develop musical ability. (大儿子完成学前教育的那一周，我决定把堆满他玩具的游戏室腾空。每当他妈妈和我忙于其他事情时，玩具就陪伴着他，这些年来，我们收集了大量的玩具。以下是我发现的一些东西：13个拼图玩具，4个练习数学的游戏，以及一个可以播放莫扎特音乐的扬声器，以培养音乐能力)”和第二段中“Our masses of playthings may have been extreme, but it was by no means unusual. (我们大量的玩具可能是极端的，但这绝不是不寻常的)”可知，作者先提到自己家中有很多玩具，然后指出拥有大量玩具的现象很极端，也很寻常。由此推知，他的目的是展示父母对玩具的狂热。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Our masses of playthings may have been extreme, but it was by no means unusual. American families spend, on average, around 600 dollars every year on toys; a 10-year-old child in the UK may have owned 238 toys, totaling about 6,500 pounds. (我们大量的玩具可能是极端的，但这绝不是不寻常的。美国家庭平均每年在玩具上花费约600美元；英国一个10岁的孩子可能拥有238个玩具，总价值约6500英镑)”可知，作者先点明自己的观点，然后描述美国家庭和英国家庭孩子们拥有玩具的情况。由此可知，作者通过列举数字来支撑自己的观点。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Then, in the second half of the 20th century, toys were increasingly bought for the purpose of building better brains in order to build more competitive and successful grownups. (然后，在20世纪下半叶，越来越多的人购买玩具是为了培养更好的大脑，以培养更有竞争力和更成功的成年人)”和第四段中“This generation of parents is asking toys to provide an end product, and that end product is success (这一代父母要求玩具提供最终产品，而最终产品就是成功)”可知，家长们购买玩具是为了让孩子成为成功的成年人，确保他们最终可以成功。由此可知，家长们的误解是以为玩具可以促进孩子的成功。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“But that really goes against what the developmental science is telling us. For a long time, we’ve been getting our children, and their toys, all wrong. (但这与发展科学告诉我们的事实背道而驰。很长一段时间以来，我们对孩子和他们的玩具的理解都是错误的)”可知，作者分享了自己收拾家中玩具的经历，就家长们对玩具的狂热展开讨论，解释了家长们买玩具是以为它可以帮助孩子们获得成功，但实际上这是家长们的误解，与发展科学相违背。因此，D项“我们对玩具的理解错了吗？”符合文章大意，适合作为标题。故选D项。
D
One day, you might be ordering your favorite pizza from a robot.Researchers at a university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, are working on creating a pizza-making robot.
“Robots are basically preprogrammed to repeat the same actions over and over,” says David Held, a robot expert from Carnegie Mellon University, and one of the members of a pizza-making team．But making pizza has challenges.For instance, the flour (面粉) will become squishy when meeting water, with a shape that can change in many ways.Also, pizza-making requires many steps—such as rolling and cutting—and several tools, including a rolling, a knife and so on.In what order should the steps be done Which tools should be picked, and when “If you need to do a cooking task, there are several levels that you have to reason about,” Held says.Once people get the hang of it, “We don’t even need to think about exactly how we’re doing it- it sort of just happens.But robots can’t really “understand what to do on their own”.
To start, the team used a computer to consider how a robot could lift, fatten, gather, move and cut dough (生面团).The method has two levels of robotic reasoning: one that thinks how it should approach the overall task, and the other that thinks how it should move its “hands” to perform each action．The result was better than with the usual programming techniques.“We got a little bit closer to the right shape than the former methods,” Held says．“‘But there’s still a lot of room for improvement.”
For now, people will continue to make pizza the old-fashioned way: with their own hands.Sill, a pizza-making robot is a good goal.And if a robot could deal with dough, it could also work with other objects that can change shapes.“You can imagine robots helping in hospitals, or robots that clean up toys in day cares,” Held says.“The general goal is to eventually have robots that can help with whatever the task may be.”
12. What does the underlined word “squishy” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Soft. B. Dirty. C. Plain. D. Precious.
13. What is a challenge for pizza-making robots
A. Separating flour from water.
B. Doing all the steps in order.
C. Using several tools at once.
D. Repeating the same actions.
14. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. Methods of moving a pizza.
B. Problems with pizza making.
C. Improvements to the pizza robot.
D. Suggestions on how to make pizza.
15. What does Held say about the development of robots in the future
A. They will help humans in different fields.
B. They will replace humans to do all the work.
C. They will do better than humans in day cares.
D. They will do whatever task as well as humans.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文一篇说明文。主要介绍了随着科技的发展，我们终将拥有帮助我们完成任何任务的机器人。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文““when meeting water, with a shape that can change in many ways．（当遇到水时，形状会在很多方面发生变化。）”可知，这里说的是面粉与水融合后会变得湿软，可知这里squishy与soft同义，故选择A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中““Robots are basically preprogrammed to repeat the same actions over and over,” says David Held, a robot expert from Carnegie Mellon University, and one of the members of a pizza-making team．But making pizza has challenges．（卡内基梅隆大学的机器人专家、披萨制作团队成员之一David Held说：“机器人基本上是经过预编程的，可以一遍又一遍地重复相同的动作。”但制作披萨也有挑战。）”可知，机器人制作披萨，面临的挑战是按顺序完成任务，故选择B项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The result was better than with the usual programming techniques.“We got a little bit closer to the right shape than the former methods,” Held says.“‘But there’s still a lot of room for improvement.（结果比通常的编程技术要好。“我们比以前的方法更接近正确的形状，”赫尔德说，“但还有很大的改进空间。”）”可知，本段主要讲述的是，制作披萨的机器人的改进过程，故选择C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““You can imagine robots helping in hospitals, or robots that clean up toys in day cares,” Held says．“The general goal is to eventually have robots that can help with whatever the task may be．”（赫尔德说：“你可以想象机器人在医院帮忙，或者机器人在日托中心清理玩具。总的目标是最终拥有能够帮助完成任何任务的机器人。”）” 可知，赫尔德认为机器人总有一天能在各个领域为人们提供帮助，故选择A项。
【点睛】
第二节(共5小题，每小题2．5分，满分12．5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks to Achieve Personal Development
Stoicism is a school of Greek philosophy (哲学), founded in the 3rd century B.C., and popular throughout the Roman and Greek world until the 3rd century A.D. In modern days, it’s often used by people to help with their personal development.____16____.
Recognize what you can change and be meaningful in your actions
Stoicism encourages you to let go of what you cannot control.____17____. When you recognize the things you can change and are strategic in how you do it, it’s more likely that you’ll feel satisfied and less stressed overall.
____18____
One of the most common things kids say is “that’s not fair!” So you need to find out why it’s not fair. If the reasons are out of your control, you shouldn’t waste much energy trying to fight what’s unfair. Once you accept the things you can’t control, life will be less disappointing.
Be critical (批判的) of your own thoughts
Stoicism asks you to consider whether your thinking is actually real. In fact, you often tell yourselves a lot of things during a day, many of which aren’t true or helpful. This can sound like “I’ll never meet someone” or “I did a terrible job at my meeting and now my team hate me.”____19____.
Write it down and act on it
____20____. Getting into the habit of writing anything down that feels meaningful, inspiring, or helpful will push you to realize these thoughts.” In addition, the act of writing things down can help you realize what you really want in life, which may promote inner happiness.
A. They need critical thinking skills
B. Be comfortable with unmanageable things
C. Stoicism encourages turning words into action
D. Here are four lessons teenagers can learn from Stoicism
E. It also creates space for a more helpful and balanced voice
F. It also encourages you to focus on the things you can control
G. When you accept these thoughts as truth, you limit yourselves
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是实现个人发展的技巧。
【16题详解】
空前“Stoicism is a school of Greek philosophy (哲学), founded in the 3rd century B.C., and popular throughout the Roman and Greek world until the 3rd century A.D. In modern days, it’s often used by people to help with their personal development.(斯多葛主义是希腊哲学的一个流派，成立于公元前3世纪，直到公元3世纪在整个罗马和希腊世界都很流行。在现代，它经常被人们用来帮助他们的个人发展。)”说明斯多葛主义可以用来帮助个人发展，由空后的黑体部分可知，接下来要讲的是一些技巧，因此空格处应该说“以下是一些可以利用斯多葛主义实现个人发展的技巧”，D选项“Here are four lessons teenagers can learn from Stoicism(以下是青少年可以从斯多葛主义中学到的四条经验)”说明了接下来是青少年可以从斯多葛主义中学到的四条经验，也就是利用斯多葛主义来寻求发展的方法或技巧，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
【17题详解】
空前“Stoicism encourages you to let go of what you cannot control.(斯多葛主义鼓励你放手那些你无法控制的事情。)”说明斯多葛主义鼓励你放手那些你无法控制的事情，也就是要关注那些自己能控制的事情，F选项“It also encourages you to focus on the things you can control(它还鼓励你把注意力集中在你能控制的事情上)”中的It指代的是Stoicism，说明了斯多葛主义鼓励你集中注意力于能控制的事情上，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
【18题详解】
空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“If the reasons are out of your control, you shouldn’t waste much energy trying to fight what’s unfair. Once you accept the things you can’t control, life will be less disappointing.(如果原因是你无法控制的，你就不应该浪费太多精力去与不公平的事情抗争。一旦你接受了你无法控制的事情，生活就不会那么令人失望。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要接受自己无法控制的事情，B选项“Be comfortable with unmanageable things(对无法处理的事情要坦然)”说明了要坦然面对自己无法处理的事情，概括了本段主要内容，可作为小标题，故选B。
【19题详解】
空前“In fact, you often tell yourselves a lot of things during a day, many of which aren’t true or helpful. This can sound like “I’ll never meet someone” or “I did a terrible job at my meeting and now my team hate me.”(事实上，你经常在一天中告诉自己很多事情，其中很多都是不真实的或没有帮助的。这听起来像是“我永远不会遇到某人”或“我在会议上做得很糟糕，现在我的团队讨厌我。”)”说明有时候你会有一些否定自己的想法，空格处应该说这样的想法会有什么影响，G选项“When you accept these thoughts as truth, you limit yourselves(当你接受这些想法为真理时，你就限制了自己)”说明如果把空前所讲的想法当真的话就会限制了自己，是前面不好的想法所引起的结果，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
本段小标题是“Write it down and act on it(把它写下来并付诸行动)”说明本段主要讲的是要付诸行动，空格处也应该是付诸行动相关的内容，C选项“Stoicism encourages turning words into action(斯多葛主义鼓励将言语付诸行动)”说明斯多葛主义鼓励将言语付诸行动，和本段小标题相符合，因此符合语境，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One morning, as I was walking along a busy road, I saw an old lady, standing anxiously close to the traffic. Realizing the danger, I felt a sense of ____21____ to remind her not to stand so close to the ____22____ traffic rushing by. When I reached the ____23____ where the old lady was standing, I noticed that she was trying to get attention of ____24____ who were too busy to take note of her. She explained she had ____25____ her house key in the middle of the road. Although I knew I was getting late, I ____26____ to help her.
The road was filled with people, cars and school buses. It was a(n) ____27____ time of day to cross a road without a traffic light. I took a deep breath, and carefully ____28____ the road. Just then a school bus ____29____ and stopped right in front of the key. All the _____30_____ behind it came to a sudden stop to avoid hurting me. _____31_____, I picked up the key and returned to the old lady. She thanked me heartily, but I felt _____32_____ due to the angry shouts from the drivers.
While I was proud of choosing to help, I _____33_____ that my decision was not wise as I failed to consider my own _____34_____ and caused trouble for others. I _____35_____ if there could have been a better way to solve the old lady’s problem.
21. A. loss B. responsibility C. adventure D. achievement
22. A. crowded B. amazing C. monitored D. increasing
23. A. stop B. destination C. position D. station
24. A. survivors B. workers C. passers-by D. organizers
25. A. thrown B. dropped C. buried D. forgotten
26. A. applied B. refused C. pretended D. attempted
27. A. unsuitable B. illegal C. dishonest D. informal
28. A. stepped onto B. jumped onto C. fell into D. looked into
29. A. disappeared B. waited C. left D. approached
30. A. cars B. bikes C. trucks D. motorcycles
31. A. Obviously B. Actually C. Additionally D. Immediately
32. A. confident B. surprised C. satisfied D. awkward
33. A. predicted B. realized C. believed D. insisted
34. A. family B. business C. safety D. ability
35. A. notice B. mention C. wonder D. fear
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者帮助了一位老太太捡起掉落在繁忙马路上的钥匙，虽然作者为自己选择帮助他人而感到自豪，但也意识到自己的行为不够妥当。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：意识到危险后，我觉得有责任提醒她不要站得离匆匆而过的拥挤车辆太近。A. loss损失；B. responsibility责任；C. adventure冒险；D. achievement成就。根据上文“Realizing the danger”和下文“to remind her not to stand so close to the ____2____ traffic rushing by”可推知，作者意识到老太太这样做很危险后，会觉得自己有责任提醒她离那些车辆远一些。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意识到危险后，我觉得有责任提醒她不要站得离匆匆而过的拥挤车辆太近。A. crowded拥挤的；B. amazing令人惊叹的；C. monitored被监视的；D. increasing越来越多的。根据上文“as I was walking along a busy road”可知，这条路很繁忙，因此车辆是拥挤的。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走到老太太站着的位置时，我注意到她正试图引起路人的注意，那些人太忙了，没有注意到她。A. stop停车路口；B. destination终点；C. position位置；D. station火车站。根据上文“I saw an old lady, standing anxiously close to the traffic”可知，这位老太太焦急地站在车流旁边，因此作者是走到她所站的位置。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走到老太太站着的位置时，我注意到她正试图引起路人的注意，那些人太忙了，没有注意到她。A. survivors幸存者；B. workers工人；C. passers-by路人；D. organizers组织者。根据上文“One morning, as I was walking along a busy road, I saw an old lady, standing anxiously close to the traffic.”可知，两人现在是在路边，因此老太太是想引起路人的注意。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她解释说她把钥匙掉在路中间了。A. thrown扔；B. dropped掉落；C. buried埋藏；D. forgotten忘记。根据下文“her house key in the middle of the road”可推知，老太太是不小心把钥匙掉落在路中间了。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我知道我要迟到了，但我还是尝试帮助她。A. applied申请；B. refused拒绝；C. pretended假装；D. attempted尝试。根据上文“Although I knew I was getting late”可知，此处有让步关系，虽然作者快要迟到，时间紧，但还是尝试帮助老太太，固定短语attempt to do sth.表示“尝试做某事”。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个时间不适合过没有红绿灯的马路。A. unsuitable不适合的；B. illegal非法的；C. dishonest不诚实的；D. informal非正式的。根据上文“The road was filled with people, cars and school buses.”可知，路上挤满了人、汽车和校车，因此此时不适合过这条马路。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我深吸了一口气，小心翼翼地走到路上。A. stepped onto走到；B. jumped onto跳上；C. fell into陷入；D. looked into调查。根据上文叙述的作者想要帮助老太太捡起掉落在马路中间的钥匙，以及下文“the road”可推知，作者是小心翼翼地走到路上。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，一辆校车靠近，停在了钥匙前面。A. disappeared消失；B. waited等待；C. left离开；D. approached靠近。根据下文“and stopped right in front of the key”可推知，校车是先靠近，然后因为作者在钥匙附近而停下。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后面所有的汽车都突然停下，以免伤到我。A. cars汽车；B. bikes自行车；C. trucks卡车；D. motorcycles摩托车。根据上文“The road was filled with people, cars and school buses.”可知，这条路上都是人、汽车和校车，因此是后面的汽车都突然停下。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻拿起钥匙，回到老太太身边。A. Obviously显然地；B. Actually实际上；C. Additionally另外；D. Immediately立即地。根据上文叙述的作者走到繁忙的马路上去捡钥匙的情境可推知，他的行动会很迅速，应该是立刻拿起钥匙。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她衷心地感谢我，但司机们的怒吼使我感到尴尬。A. confident自信的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. satisfied满意的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据下文“due to the angry shouts from the drivers”可知，司机们朝作者怒吼，因此作者会为自己的鲁莽行为感到尴尬。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我为选择帮助而感到自豪，但我意识到我的决定并不明智，因为我没有考虑到自己的安全，给别人带来了麻烦。A. predicted预测；B. realized意识到；C. believed相信；D. insisted坚持。根据上文叙述的作者走到繁忙的马路上去捡钥匙，校车以及汽车不得不紧急停下，以及下文“that my decision was not wise”可推知，作者是事后意识到自己当时的决定不明智。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我为选择帮助而感到自豪，但我意识到我的决定并不明智，因为我没有考虑到自己的安全，给别人带来了麻烦。A. family家庭；B. business事业；C. safety安全；D. ability能力。根据上文“Just then a school bus ____9____ and stopped right in front of the key. All the ____10____ behind it came to a sudden stop to avoid hurting me.”可知，作者当时的行为很容易发生意外，因此是没有考虑到自己的安全。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道是否有更好的方法来解决老太太的问题。A. notice注意到；B. mention提及；C. wonder想知道；D. fear恐惧。根据下文“if there could have been a better way to solve the old lady’s problem”可推知，作者在事后反思自己的做法，想知道有没有更好的方法可以解决问题。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wildlife protection is ____36____ global issue, as illegal hunting and habitat loss continue to threaten the balance of ecosystems (生态系统). The decrease in species has caused concerns among individuals and organizations all over the world. ____37____ (recognize) the serious need for actions, people are making efforts to raise awareness to fight ____38____ these harmful practices.
To deal with the threats faced by wildlife, building reserves and habitats plays an important role. These areas provide a safe place for various species to survive, allowing ____39____ (they) to live and grow without the effect of human activities. By ____40____ (create) these protected spaces, we can ensure the ____41____ (preserve) of their natural habitats and protect their populations for future generations to enjoy. However, the challenge ____42____ (lie) in keeping the balance between conservation and economic development. Practical practices, such as responsible tourism and the promotion of environment-friendly industries, can create income without doing harm to the well-being of wildlife and their habitats. By carrying out these practical practices, we can develop a ____43____ (harmony) relationship between human activities and the natural world.
____44____ (true), wildlife protection is a necessary issue _____45_____ requires efforts from governments, organizations, and individuals. By rising awareness and applying stricter management, we can reduce the threats faced by endangered species.
【答案】36. a 37. Recognizing##Having recognized
38. against
39. them 40. creating
41. preservation
42 lies 43. harmonious
44. Truly 45. that##which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。野生动物保护是一个全球性问题，因为非法狩猎和栖息地的丧失继续威胁着生态系统的平衡。物种的减少引起了全世界个人和组织的关注。认识到采取行动的严重需要，人们正在努力提高认识，以打击这些有害的做法
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：野生动物保护是一个全球性问题，因为非法狩猎和栖息地的丧失继续威胁着生态系统的平衡。此处issue为泛指，且global是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在认识到采取行动的严重必要性之后，人们正在努力提高人们与这些有害做法作斗争的意识。分析句子结构可知，recognize在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词，作状语；或理解为recognize在make effort前已经完成，用having done形式。句首单词首字母大写。故填Recognizing/Having recognized。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：在认识到采取行动的严重必要性之后，人们正在努力提高人们与这些有害做法作斗争的意识。表示“打击”短语为fight against。故填against。
【39题详解】
考查代词。句意：这些区域为各种物种提供了一个安全的生存环境，使它们能够在没有人类活动影响的情况下生存和生长。作动词的宾语，应用宾格them。故填them。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通过创建这些受保护的空间，我们可以确保它们的自然栖息地得到保护，并保护它们的种群，供后代享用。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填creating。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：通过创建这些受保护的空间，我们可以确保它们的自然栖息地得到保护，并保护它们的种群，供后代享用。作动词的宾语，应用名词preservation，不可数。故填preservation。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：然而，挑战在于保持保护与经济发展之间的平衡。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为单数名词，谓语用三单形式。故填lies。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：通过开展这些实践活动，我们可以发展人类活动与自然世界之间的和谐关系。修饰名词relationship应用形容词harmonious，故填harmonious。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：的确，野生动物保护是一个需要政府、组织和个人共同努力的问题。修饰后文句子应用副词truly，首字母大写。故填Truly。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：的确，野生动物保护是一个需要政府、组织和个人共同努力的问题。定语从句修饰先行词issue，在从句作主语，指物，故填that/which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据所给10个英语单句的意思，从所给的15个词汇中挑选出10个合适的词或短语分别给每个句子填空。
committee concentrate on emperor donated pretend appreciate bury in harmony suffering from strength falling apart accommodation recommended schedule extremely
46. The guy next to me tried to talk to me the whole time so I couldn’t ______ the experiment.
47. My adviser ______ that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.
48. Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a workable ______.
49. Oh, good idea! Jiuzhaigou is an ______ beautiful place.
50. From there you will spend one day traveling by boat to your ______ in the middle of the forest.
51. The team that Lang Ping had built was ______.
52. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to ______the dead.
53. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to ______ China’s culture and history through this amazing language.
54. A ______ was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.
55. Only when we learn to exist ______ with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
【答案】46. concentrate on
47. recommended
48. schedule
49. extremely
50. accommodation
51. falling apart
52. bury 53. appreciate
mittee
55. in harmony
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：坐在我旁边的那个人一直想和我说话，这样我就不能专心做实验了。根据“The guy next to me tried to talk to me”可知，句子表示“坐在我旁边的那个人一直想和我说话，这样我就不能专心做实验了”，空格处意为“专心于”，是固定短语concentrate on，couldn’t是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填concentrate on。
【47题详解】
考查时态。句意：我的导师建议我报高级文学班，因为我喜欢英语，而且我擅长英语。根据“I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it”可知，句子表示“我的导师建议我报高级文学班，因为我喜欢英语，而且我擅长英语”，空格处意为“建议”，是recommend，建议是过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填recommended。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：找时间学习和课外活动是一个很大的挑战，所以我需要制定一个可行的时间表。根据“Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge”可知，句子表示“找时间学习和课外活动是一个很大的挑战，所以我需要制定一个可行的时间表”，空格处意为“时间表”，是schedule，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填schedule。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：哦，好主意！九寨沟是一个非常美丽的地方。根据“Jiuzhaigou”可知，句子表示“九寨沟是一个非常美丽的地方”，空格处意为“非常”，用副词修饰形容词beautiful，是extremely，故填extremely。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：从那里你将花一天的时间乘船到你在森林中的住处。根据“in the middle of the forest”可知，句子表示“从那里你将花一天的时间乘船到你在森林中的住处”，空格处意为“住处”，是accommodation，是一个住处，因此空格处用单数，故填accommodation。
【51题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意：郎平建立的团队正在分崩离析。根据“The team that Lang Ping had built”和课文原文可知，句子表示“郎平建立的团队正在分崩离析”，空格处意为“分崩离析”，是固定短语fall apart，由was可知，句子时态是过去进行时，空格处动词用现在分词，故填falling apart。
【52题详解】
考查不定式。句意：地震发生后不久，军队派了15万士兵到唐山去挖出被困的人并埋葬死者。根据“the dead”可知，句子表示“军队派了15万士兵到唐山去挖出被困的人并埋葬死者”，空格处意为“埋葬”，是bury，空格处动词和to dig并列，因此空格处用动词原形，故填bury。
【53题详解】
考查不定式。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥越来越大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。根据“As China plays a greater role in global affairs”和“China’s culture and history through this amazing language”可知，句子表示“随着中国在全球事务中发挥越来越大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史”，空格处意为“欣赏”，是appreciate，begin to do是固定短语，意为“开始做某事”，因此空格处动词用原形，故填appreciate。
【54题详解】
考查名词。句意：成立了一个委员会，以限制对埃及建筑的破坏，防止文物的损失。根据“was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics”可知，句子表示“成立了一个委员会，以限制对埃及建筑的破坏，防止文物的损失”，空格处意为“委员会”，是committee，空前有A，空格处用单数，故填committee。
55题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和我们的星球的威胁。根据“can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet”可知，句子表示“只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和我们的星球的威胁”，空格处意为“和谐相处”，是固定短语in harmony，故填in harmony。
第二节(满分30分)
56. 你校将举办运动会，请以“运动的重要性”为主题写一篇英文短文投稿给学校英文报，内容包括：
1．运动的重要性；
2．介绍自己最喜欢的一项运动及原因；
3．号召大家参加运动会。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 A healthy body is necessary for a healthy mind. As is known, to have a sound mind, we must first have a sound body. This is of vital importance. Only by keeping ourselves healthy and strong can we feel energetic and vigorous in studying and working and live a happy life.
My favourite sport is playing football. I play football with my classmates after school. I like playing football because it makes me strong and healthy. I want to be a football master and make Chinese proud of me, so I work hard every day.
I appeal to everyone to take part in sports meeting
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生所在学校将举办运动会，请以“运动重要性”为主题写一篇英文短文投稿给学校英文报。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜欢：like→be fond of
想要做某事：want to do sth→would like to do sth
号召：appeal to→call on
参加：take part in→participate in
2.句式拓展
同义句
原句：I want to be a football master and make Chinese proud of me, so I work hard every day.
拓展句：I want to be a football master, making Chinese are proud with me, so I work hard every day..
【点睛】【高分句型1】As is known, to have a sound mind, we must first have a sound body.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I like playing football because it makes me strong and healthy.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）大湾区2023—2024学年第一学期末普通高中一年级联合考试
英语
本试卷共8页，分三部分，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号和准考证号填写在答题卡上，将条形码横贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
We’ve collected some of the greatest royal (皇家的) palaces and castles to visit in Britain. Here are our picks.
Windsor Castle, Berkshire
Windsor Castle is the oldest castle in the world. It used to be an official accommodation for Her Majesty the Queen and was the place where the wedding of Prince Hary and Meghan Markle was held. The site of Windsor Castle was chosen and built by William in around 1070 to guard the western ways to London from a possible attack.
Open all year round to the public.
Buckingham Palace, Westminster
The official accommodation of the King and Queen and one of Britain’s most recognized historic sites, Buckingham Palace is often used for national celebrations and events. It was bought in 1761 by George II for his wife Queen Charlotte.
Buckingham Palace is open to the public during the summer months and for a limited number of tours in December, January and at Easter each year.
Kew Palace, Richmond-Upon-Thames
Sitting on the banks of the River Thames in London Kew Palace might be the smallest of the royal palaces. With the big Kew Gardens around, the palace was built in 1631 for the London silk businessman, Samuel Fortreas.
Kew Palace is open for the summer season.
Hampton Court Palace, Surrey
Set on the edge of the River Thames, Hampton Court Palace in Surrey was a Tudor palace created by Cardinal Wlosey in the early 16th century and was once home to Henry VII over the years. There are beautiful gardens nearby and the palace was opened to the public in 1838 by Queen Victoria.
Open all year round, except 24-26 December.
1. Why was Windsor Castle built
A. To promote western culture.
B. To find new ways to the west.
C. To guard London from attacks.
D. To protect the roads to London.
2. What do Kew Palace and Hampton Court Palace have in common
A. They are very small.
B. They are near the River Thames.
C. They were built by a businessman.
D. They were opened to the public by a Queen.
3 Which palace has the shortest opening time in a year
A. Windsor Castle. B. Buckingham Palace.
C. Kew Palace. D. Hampton Court Palace.
B
It was the first run of a family ski weekend in Colorado.The perfect spring morning greeted us with clear skies and a warm temperature.We planned the course on the mountain map and set off.Then, three minutes into the run, my left ski came off; then my right ski turned over and took my leg with it, and then I heard the sharp sound.I lay on the snow, screaming.My brother and husband stopped and took me down the mountain to the hospital．
After an operation, the doctor told me that I wouldn’t walk for three months.It seemed like a blow.“How can we get everything done ” I turned to Adam, my husband.Who would get the kids to the bus at 7:15 a.m. , since my husband was in his office by 6 a.m. each day Who would deal with the two dogs Who would prepare dinner Who would drive to tennis practices “We’ll work it out,” Adam said.I nodded, because we didn’t have the other choice．
But something unexpected happened: friends both near and far were searching for ways they could help.Parents at our school bus stop offered to drop my kids off each afternoon.My kids ran up the steps each day to check on me.My husband, the man who, in the past, had to be told what to do and when to do it, pulled our family back up.
Finally, I returned to the shopping and the bus pickups. I made dinners again.I organized everyone and sent them out the door.But something had changed in our family, in me.Now I am quicker to ask for help if I am the one needing.
4. In which activity did the author break her legs
A. Hiking． B. Horse riding． C. Snow skiing． D. Mountain climbing．
5. How did the author feel after the operation
A Serious． B. Anxious． C. Confused． D. Impressed．
6. What does the unexpected thing refer to
A. My attitude changed． B. Things went on smoothly．
C. My friends became active． D. My husband got everything done．
7. What does the author want us to learn from her story
A. We should enjoy our life． B. We should live in the moment．
C. We should value our family． D. We should be brave to ask for help．
C
The week my eldest son finished pre-school education, I decided to clear out the playroom filled with his toys. Toys had kept him company whenever his mother and I were busy with other duties, and over the years we had collected a really large number of them. Here are some of what I found: 13 puzzles, 4 games for practising maths, and a speaker box that could play Mozart to develop musical ability.
Our masses of playthings may have been extreme, but it was by no means unusual. American families spend, on average, around 600 dollars every year on toys; a 10-year-old child in the UK may have owned 238 toys, totaling about 6,500 pounds.
During the past two centuries, educators, toy companies and parents like us have acted as if the purpose of play is to prepare children for adulthood. The more book learning we could pack up as play, and then give to our children, the better. Then, in the second half of the 20th century, toys were increasingly bought for the purpose of building better brains in order to build more competitive and successful grownups. By 2020, the different kinds of educational toys had made nearly $65 billion worldwide. Toys that teach — from the Speak & Spell to the See & Say — are now a part of many young lives.
“This generation of parents is asking toys to provide an end product, and that end product is success,” Richard Gottlieb, an influential toy industry advisor, commented. “They want toys to get their children into Harvard.”
“The model has been, ‘If I get toys that do schoolish things, then that’s good,’” Alison Gopnik, a leading developmental psychologist, said. “But that really goes against what the developmental science is telling us. For a long time, we’ve been getting our children, and their toys, all wrong.”
8. Why does the author mention toys in his house
A. To present the varieties of toys.
B. To advise others to buy fewer toys.
C. To show parents’ craziness for toys.
D. To complain of too many toys in his house.
9. How does the author show his point in paragraph 2
A. By listing numbers. B. By quoting opinions.
C. By providing examples. D. By drawing comparisons.
10. What is parents’ misunderstanding about toys
A. They can keep children happy.
B. They can make children positive.
C. They can reduce children’s stress.
D. They can promote children’s success.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Do We Need to Buy Toys B. Are Toys a Part of Our Life
C. Can Toys Bring Us Happiness D. Have We Got Toys All Wrong
D
One day, you might be ordering your favorite pizza from a robot.Researchers at a university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, are working on creating a pizza-making robot.
“Robots are basically preprogrammed to repeat the same actions over and over,” says David Held, a robot expert from Carnegie Mellon University, and one of the members of a pizza-making team．But making pizza has challenges.For instance, the flour (面粉) will become squishy when meeting water, with a shape that can change in many ways.Also, pizza-making requires many steps—such as rolling and cutting—and several tools, including a rolling, a knife and so on.In what order should the steps be done Which tools should be picked, and when “If you need to do a cooking task, there are several levels that you have to reason about,” Held says.Once people get the hang of it, “We don’t even need to think about exactly how we’re doing it- it sort of just happens.But robots can’t really “understand what to do on their own”.
To start, the team used a computer to consider how a robot could lift, fatten, gather, move and cut dough (生面团).The method has two levels of robotic reasoning: one that thinks how it should approach the overall task, and the other that thinks how it should move its “hands” to perform each action．The result was better than with the usual programming techniques.“We got a little bit closer to the right shape than the former methods,” Held says．“‘But there’s still a lot of room for improvement.”
For now, people will continue to make pizza the old-fashioned way: with their own hands.Sill, a pizza-making robot is a good goal.And if a robot could deal with dough, it could also work with other objects that can change shapes.“You can imagine robots helping in hospitals, or robots that clean up toys in day cares,” Held says.“The general goal is to eventually have robots that can help with whatever the task may be.”
12. What does the underlined word “squishy” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Soft. B. Dirty. C. Plain. D. Precious.
13. What is a challenge for pizza-making robots
A. Separating flour from water.
B. Doing all the steps in order.
C. Using several tools at once.
D. Repeating the same actions.
14. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. Methods of moving a pizza.
B. Problems with pizza making.
C. Improvements to the pizza robot.
D. Suggestions on how to make pizza.
15. What does Held say about the development of robots in the future
A. They will help humans in different fields.
B. They will replace humans to do all the work.
C. They will do better than humans in day cares.
D. They will do whatever task as well as humans.
第二节(共5小题，每小题2．5分，满分12．5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks to Achieve Personal Development
Stoicism is a school of Greek philosophy (哲学), founded in the 3rd century B.C., and popular throughout the Roman and Greek world until the 3rd century A.D. In modern days, it’s often used by people to help with their personal development.____16____.
Recognize what you can change and be meaningful in your actions
Stoicism encourages you to let go of what you cannot control.____17____. When you recognize the things you can change and are strategic in how you do it, it’s more likely that you’ll feel satisfied and less stressed overall.
____18____
One of the most common things kids say is “that’s not fair!” So you need to find out why it’s not fair. If the reasons are out of your control, you shouldn’t waste much energy trying to fight what’s unfair. Once you accept the things you can’t control, life will be less disappointing.
Be critical (批判的) of your own thoughts
Stoicism asks you to consider whether your thinking is actually real. In fact, you often tell yourselves a lot of things during a day, many of which aren’t true or helpful. This can sound like “I’ll never meet someone” or “I did a terrible job at my meeting and now my team hate me.”____19____.
Write it down and act on it
____20____. Getting into the habit of writing anything down that feels meaningful, inspiring, or helpful will push you to realize these thoughts.” In addition, the act of writing things down can help you realize what you really want in life, which may promote inner happiness.
A. They need critical thinking skills
B. Be comfortable with unmanageable things
C Stoicism encourages turning words into action
D. Here are four lessons teenagers can learn from Stoicism
E. It also creates space for a more helpful and balanced voice
F. It also encourages you to focus on the things you can control
G. When you accept these thoughts as truth, you limit yourselves
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One morning, as I was walking along a busy road, I saw an old lady, standing anxiously close to the traffic. Realizing the danger, I felt a sense of ____21____ to remind her not to stand so close to the ____22____ traffic rushing by. When I reached the ____23____ where the old lady was standing, I noticed that she was trying to get attention of ____24____ who were too busy to take note of her. She explained she had ____25____ her house key in the middle of the road. Although I knew I was getting late, I ____26____ to help her.
The road was filled with people, cars and school buses. It was a(n) ____27____ time of day to cross a road without a traffic light. I took a deep breath, and carefully ____28____ the road. Just then a school bus ____29____ and stopped right in front of the key. All the _____30_____ behind it came to a sudden stop to avoid hurting me. _____31_____, I picked up the key and returned to the old lady. She thanked me heartily, but I felt _____32_____ due to the angry shouts from the drivers.
While I was proud of choosing to help, I _____33_____ that my decision was not wise as I failed to consider my own _____34_____ and caused trouble for others. I _____35_____ if there could have been a better way to solve the old lady’s problem.
21. A. loss B. responsibility C. adventure D. achievement
22. A. crowded B. amazing C. monitored D. increasing
23. A. stop B. destination C. position D. station
24. A. survivors B. workers C. passers-by D. organizers
25. A. thrown B. dropped C. buried D. forgotten
26. A. applied B. refused C. pretended D. attempted
27. A. unsuitable B. illegal C. dishonest D. informal
28. A. stepped onto B. jumped onto C. fell into D. looked into
29. A. disappeared B. waited C. left D. approached
30. A. cars B. bikes C. trucks D. motorcycles
31. A. Obviously B. Actually C. Additionally D. Immediately
32. A. confident B. surprised C. satisfied D. awkward
33 A. predicted B. realized C. believed D. insisted
34. A. family B. business C. safety D. ability
35. A. notice B. mention C. wonder D. fear
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wildlife protection is ____36____ global issue, as illegal hunting and habitat loss continue to threaten the balance of ecosystems (生态系统). The decrease in species has caused concerns among individuals and organizations all over the world. ____37____ (recognize) the serious need for actions, people are making efforts to raise awareness to fight ____38____ these harmful practices.
To deal with the threats faced by wildlife, building reserves and habitats plays an important role. These areas provide a safe place for various species to survive, allowing ____39____ (they) to live and grow without the effect of human activities. By ____40____ (create) these protected spaces, we can ensure the ____41____ (preserve) of their natural habitats and protect their populations for future generations to enjoy. However, the challenge ____42____ (lie) in keeping the balance between conservation and economic development. Practical practices, such as responsible tourism and the promotion of environment-friendly industries, can create income without doing harm to the well-being of wildlife and their habitats. By carrying out these practical practices, we can develop a ____43____ (harmony) relationship between human activities and the natural world.
____44____ (true), wildlife protection is a necessary issue _____45_____ requires efforts from governments, organizations, and individuals. By rising awareness and applying stricter management, we can reduce the threats faced by endangered species.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据所给10个英语单句的意思，从所给的15个词汇中挑选出10个合适的词或短语分别给每个句子填空。
committee concentrate on emperor donated pretend appreciate bury in harmony suffering from strength falling apart accommodation recommended schedule extremely
46. The guy next to me tried to talk to me the whole time so I couldn’t ______ the experiment.
47. My adviser ______ that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.
48. Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a workable ______.
49. Oh, good idea! Jiuzhaigou is an ______ beautiful place.
50. From there you will spend one day traveling by boat to your ______ in the middle of the forest.
51. The team that Lang Ping had built was ______.
52. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to ______the dead.
53. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to ______ China’s culture and history through this amazing language.
54. A ______ was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.
55. Only when we learn to exist ______ with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
第二节(满分30分)
56. 你校将举办运动会，请以“运动的重要性”为主题写一篇英文短文投稿给学校英文报，内容包括：
1．运动的重要性；
2．介绍自己最喜欢的一项运动及原因；
3．号召大家参加运动会。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
