人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters Reading and Thinking 练案（含解析）

高一年级英语组
主备人
审核人
英语练案： Unit 4 reading练案
使用日期：2023年 11月 8 日
一．.根据句意及汉语提示写出正确单词
1. Workers built _________ (避难所)for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
2.The _________ (营救，救援) work has finished basically.
3. There is only one thing that people can't take away from you,and that is your _________ (智慧).
4.Unfortunately,one dead child was found in the _______ (废墟) almost two hours after the explosion.
5.Upon landing on the airport,the family heard the _________ (令人震惊的)news.
6.Most of the buildings were completely _________(摧毁) in the earthquake.
7.The police set a ___________ (陷阱) to catch the thief.
8.You'll have to_______(埋头于) yourself in your studies if you want to pass the entrance examinations.
9.The factory ________ (遭受) severe damage in the fire.
10.As we all know，without ________ (努力) nothing can be achieved.
二. 单句语法填空
1. The old man took a deep ______ (breathe)，and began to climb the stairs.
2. I was ______ (shock) by the way he treated his mother.
3. His father had wished to _____(bury) in the sea after he died.
4. He ______ (strike) the poor dog, which had ever done him serious harm.
5. What do you think will happen when food and petrol ______ (supply) run out
6. We all know that some of those earthquakes cause ______ (power) tsunamis
7. We shall remember the sacrifices of the ______ (death) during the big fire.
8. I am glad to say the new rules will become ______ (effect) in the next few days.
9. Surprisingly, a letter ______ (deliver) to me without any stamps on it.
10. A ______ ( survive) of a very unpleasant experience is a person who has had such an experience, and who is still affected by it.
三、阅读理解
A
It's always adventurous and romantic to visit an island country. Take a look at some breathtakingly beautiful island countries in the world, which everyone should visit at least once in his lifetime.
Maldives
It's believed that Maldives is one of the most popular honeymoon places as well as one of the most beautiful island countries. Situated in the middle of the Indian Ocean, Maldives is made up of a series of ancient coral reefs that grow up along the sides of ancient volcanoes, with fascinating beaches.
Fiji
Fiji has plenty of surprises for any adventurous travelers. It is famous for the world's best surf scenes, attracting many surfing lovers to ride the great waves. Well, if surfing is not for you and you love sitting on the beach and relaxing, hiking or seeing breathtaking waterfalls, Fiji is also a suitable island country to visit.
Malta
Malta, a beautiful southern European country in the Mediterranean Sea, has a rich history and culture. There are amazing sky-high cliffs to climb, wonderful temples to visit and lots of amazing places to go diving. There are plenty of interesting things to explore here and everyone can find something to enjoy. The historic part of Malta is shown in its architecture, great walled cities, and many underground tunnels.
1. Which place will be most likely to be chosen by a newly-married couple according to the text
A. The Mediterranean Sea. B. Maldives.
C. Malta. D. Fiji.
2. What is the special part about Fiji
A. You can see the world’s most breathtaking waterfalls.
B. It is surfing lovers' favourite island country.
C. There are sky-high cliffs to explore.
D. You can try the world's longest tunnels.
3. What can tourists do in Malta
A. Hike on green plains. B. Ride the greatest waves.
C. See breathtaking waterfalls. D. Explore underground tunnels.
4. Where is the text most likely from
A. A hotel advertisement. B. A travel guidebook.
C. A geography book. D. A service newspaper.
B
In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this: A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street. Asked if he needs help, he replies, “No, thanks. I’ve got a good horse under me.”
The city planner decided to build an underground drainage (排水) system, but there simply wasn’t enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city. An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the city’s streets by as much as 12 feet.
This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements or lift the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel, which was a six-story brick building
That’s where George Pullman came in. He had developed some house-moving skills successfully. To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel, Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews (千斤顶) beneath the building’s foundation and turn the jackscrews the same amount at the same time, thus raising the building slowly and evenly. Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stay open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didn’t even notice anything was happening.
Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicago’s early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem.
5. Why was the joke about Chicago mentioned in Paragraph 1
A. To explain why horses were widely used.
B. To show the terrible road condition.
C. To prove Chicagoan were humorous.
D. To describe the lifestyle in the past.
6. What did Ellis advise to do
A. Lower the Chicago River.
B. Build pipes above ground.
C. Fight against heavy floods.
D. Raise the level of streets.
7. What was the problem in moving Tremont Hotel
A. It was hard to move its basement.
B. It was mainly made of wood.
C. It was too heavy to move easily.
D. There was no equipment to use.
8. What can be inferred from the text
A. Tremont Hotel was the biggest building in Chicago.
B. George became famous for moving Tremont Hotel.
C. It took great efforts to move Tremont Hotel.
D. Guests left Tremont Hotel before the move.
第二节（每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Learn English in High School
If you are a high school student, or will be going into high school soon, it is important to know English so you can take full advantage of your education. Learning this language is a challenge.____9____
Take part in an English as a Second Language (ESL) class. Most high schools and middle schools offer ESL classes for free.____10____Not only does it provide a professional teacher to help you with your English learning, but you will be able to communicate with other students and help each other along your English learning journey.
Speak with native English speakers as often as possible.____11____Although having a conversation in English may seem frightening when you first begin learning, getting over that fear and having conversations in English will help to speed up your learning process.
____12____Read your favorite books in English, watch English television programs and movies, and listen to English music. The more you put yourself in English environment, the better you will understand the language as well as the culture of the English-speaking countries.
Record yourself speaking English,____13____So it's better to record yourself，play back the recording and take notes of what you need to improve. When you record yourself, you can read a paragraph from a book newspaper, or high school textbook written in English.
A. This class is an important resource.
B. Make all forms of activities a learning experience.
C. Before you know it, you'll be reading English aloud.
D. Do the best you can to keep the conversation flowing.
E. You probably won’t catch your mistakes while you’re speaking
F. But with a few ways，you can learn English easily in high school.
G. A useful way to learn a language is chatting with native speakers.
完形填空：（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15 分）
It’s strange, but I don’t really remember about the hurricane itself. It all happened so ___1___. I was sitting in my room when the roof (屋顶) just ___2___. All of a sudden, there was sky where the roof had been and I was very ___3___. Without a roof, staying inside was really ___4___. It was August, so it was really hot and it smelled so ___5___ everywhere! Living in the ___6___ air, we became breakfast, lunch and dinner for the mosquitos (蚊子). We had lost our home and everything in it. But as Mom kept on ___7___ us, we were all together and safe. Mom’s words made us feel ___8___. I remember us all lying under the midnight ___9___ and looking up at the stars. Even though we had lost a lot, moments like those gave us ___10___ for the future.
Although it was only a few days before we were ___11___, it felt like months. We were taken to another town in a faraway county. Now, one year has ___12___ and I’m back home in New Orleans. We are working together to ___13___ our homes and our lives. Now we have another chance to look up at the ___14___ of New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us and giving us ___15___ to move on.
1. A. typically B. currently C. quickly D. regularly
2. A. flew off B. went all out C. calmed down D. turned up
3. A. frightened B. pleased C. curious D. impressive
4. A. confusing B. hard C. unique D. inspiring
5. A. sweet B. wet C. hot D. bad
6. A. fresh B. dirty C. cold D. open
7. A. watching B. improving C. reminding D. ignoring
8. A. better B. more negative C. terrible D. anxious
9. A. bed B. sky C. atmosphere D. scene
10. A. money B. hope C. time D. option
11. A. saved B. recognized C. contacted D. remembered
12. A. taken B. postponed C. approached D. passed
13. A. observe B. explore C. rebuild D. struggle
14. A. facilities B. roofs C. houses D. stars
15. A. comfort B. confidence C. challenge D. direction
第二节：（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满 分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many have heard of shark’s fin soup. This famous and expensive dish is ___1___ (especial) popular in southern China. ___2___ do you realize that you’re killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark’s fin soup When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the shark back into ___3___ ocean. Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly dies.
This method is not only cruel, but also ___4___ (harm) to the environment. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the___5___ (strong) in their food chain. But in fact, around 70 million sharks ___6___ (catch) and traded in this industry every year. The numbers of some kinds of sharks ___7___ (fall) by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.
Environmental protection ___8___ (group) around the world, such as Wild-Aid and the WWF, have asked governments to develop laws ___9___ (stop) the sale of shark’s fins. So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark’s fins are good ____10____ health, so why eat them Help save the sharks!
练案答案：
1. shelters 2. rescue 3. wisdom 4. ruins 5. shocking 6. destroyed 7. trap 8. bury 9. suffered 10. efforts
1. breath 2. shocked 3. be buried 4. struck 5. supplies 6. powerful 7. dead 8. effective 9. was delivered 10. survivor
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. B
5-8. BBDC
【答案】9. F 10. A 11. G 12. B 13. E
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的家乡奥尔良发生了一次可怕的飓风灾难，人们失去了家园。但是奥尔良的星星给了作者和家人们希望。一年后人们回到家园，星星又给了人们重建家园的信心。
【详解】1.考查副词辨析。句意：这一切发生得太快了。A.typically典型地； B.currently现在； C.quickly快速地；D.regularly规律地。根据后文“All of a sudden, there was sky where the roof had been”（突然间，原来是屋顶的地方变成了天空）可知，飓风发生得很快。故选C。
2.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我正坐在自己的房间里，突然屋顶飞了起来。A.flew off飞走； B.went all out全力以赴；C.calmed down镇静下来； D.turned up出现。根据后文“All of a sudden, there was sky where the roof had been”（突然间，原来是屋顶的地方变成了天空）可知，屋顶飞了起来。故选A。
3.考查形容词辨析。句意：突然，屋顶所在的地方出现了天空，我非常害怕。A.frightened害怕的； B.pleased高兴的；C.curious好奇的；D.impressive令人印象深刻的。根据后文讲没有了屋顶，待在里面真的很难，可知，作者感到非常害怕。故选A。
4.考查形容词辨析。句意：没有了屋顶，待在里面真的很难。A.confusing令人困惑的； B.hard艰难的； C.unique独特的； D.inspiring激励人心的。根据后文“ It was August, so it was really hot”（当时是八月，所以非常热）可知，没有了屋顶，待在屋子里真的很难。故选B。
5.考查形容词辨析。句意：当时是八月，所以非常热，到处都是难闻的气味！A.sweet甜美的； B.wet潮湿的； C.hot炎热的； D.bad糟糕的。根据前文讲没有了屋顶之后待在屋里真的很难且天气炎热可知，气味很难闻。故选D。
6.考查形容词辨析。句意：待在露天里，我们成了蚊子的早餐、午餐和晚餐。A.fresh新鲜的； B.dirty肮脏的； C.cold寒冷的； D.open开放的。根据前文讲屋顶被吹走了可知，“我们”是住在露天里。故选D。
7.考查动词辨析。句意：但因为妈妈不断提醒我们，我们一直都在一起，很安全。A.watching观看；B.improving改善；C.reminding提醒；D.ignoring忽视。根据后文讲“妈妈的话使我们感觉好些了”可知，是妈妈一直在提醒“我们”。故选C。
8.考查形容词辨析。句意：妈妈的话使我们感觉好些了。A.better更好的；B.more negative更加消极的；C.terrible糟糕的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据前文讲“因为妈妈不断提醒我们，我们一直都在一起，很安全”可知，妈妈的话使我们感觉好些了。故选A。
9.考查名词辨析。句意：我记得我们都躺在午夜的天空下仰望星空。A.bed床；B.sky天空；C.atmosphere气氛；D.scene景色。根据前文“Without a roof”（没有屋顶）和后文“looking up at the stars”（仰望星空）可知，此处是指躺在午夜的天空下。故选B。
10.考查名词辨析。句意：尽管我们失去了很多，但这样的时刻给了我们对未来的希望。A.money钱；B.hope希望； C.time时间； D.option选择。根据后文“their beauty inspiring us”（它们的美丽激励着我们）可知，这样的时刻给了我们对未来的希望。故选B。
11.考查动词辨析。句意：虽然只过了几天我们就得救了，但感觉像是好几个月。A.saved拯救； B.recognized认可； C.contacted压缩； D.remembered记得。根据后文“We were taken to another town in a faraway county.”（我们被带到另一个遥远县城的城镇。）可知，“我们”得救了。故选A。
12.考查动词辨析。句意：现在，一年过去了，我回到了新奥尔良的家。A.taken带走； B.postponed延迟；C.approached处理；D.passed过去。根据时间状语now可知，一年过去了。故选D。
13.考查动词辨析。句意：我们正在一起努力重建我们的家园和我们的生活。A.observe观察； B.explore探索； C.rebuild重建；D.struggle挣扎。根据前文“We had lost our home and everything in it”以及“ we are working together ”（我们失去了家园和里面的一切）可知，飓风毁掉了“我们”的家园，所以现在需要重建。故选C。
14.考查名词辨析。句意：现在我们有另一个机会仰望新奥尔良的星，它们的美丽激励着我们，给了我们前进的信心。A.facilities机构；B.roofs屋顶； C.houses房屋；D.stars星星。根据前文讲我们都躺在午夜的天空下仰望星空可知，此处是指现在我们有另一个机会仰望新奥尔良的星。故选D。
15.考查名词辨析。句意：现在我们有另一个机会仰望新奥尔良的星，它们的美丽激励着我们，给了我们前进的信心。A.comfort安慰；B.confidence信心；C.challenge挑战；D.direction方向。根据“their beauty inspiring us”（它们的美丽激励着我们）可知，此处是讲星星的美丽给了我们前进的信心。故选B。
【答案】1. especially 2. But 3. the 4. harmful 5. strongest
6. are caught 7. have fallen 8. groups 9. to stop 10. for