副词—语法知识梳理+专项集训及解析【中考英语仁爱科普版】（含答案和解析）

副词—语法知识梳理 专项集训及解析【中考英语 仁爱版】
知识梳理
副词的用法
副词一般放在行为动词或形容词后面,表程度或频率的副词一般放在动词前面。
1. In summer, it always rains heavily .
2. I am very happy to see you today .
3. He works very hard.
4. Frankly, I don't like the way he talks.
总结：副词修饰 1、 动词
形容词
副词
句子
副词的分类
(1) 时间/频率副词:ago, before, already, now, just, soon, then, yet, always, usually, often, sometimes, never, ever等。
(2) 地点副词:here, there, in, out, back, home等。
(3) 程度副词:very, much, only, quite, too, so, nearly, enough, hard, still等。
(4) 疑问副词:when, where, how, why等。
(5) 方式副词:quickly, slowly, carefully, loudly, strongly, badly, happily等。
形容词变副词的变化规则
(1) 直接由形容词加-ly 构成 slow—slowly, strong—strongly
(2)以“辅音字母加le”结尾的词， 改 e 为y simple—simply, gentle—gently, terrible—terribly
(3)以“辅音字母加“y”结尾的词， 改 y 为i 再加-ly easy—easily, happy—happily, busy—busily
(4)其他形式 full—fully, true—truly
(5)既是形容词也是副词 well, fast, slow, hard, high, straight, late, early
副词的特殊形式
(1) hardly 不是 hard 的副词形式。
(2)像副词的形容词：friendly, lonely, lovely, likely, daily, lively, ugly...
(3) well 可作形容词， 意为“健康的，身体好的”;
也可作副词， 意为“好地”
辨析
1、辨析：too、either、as well、also
too 肯定句句尾 too前面一般有一个逗号和前面句子隔开
also 肯定句句中 Be动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前
as well 肯定句句尾 比too更正式一点
either 否定句句尾 用逗号与前句隔开，也可以不隔开
eg：I’m in Row 1， too .
Chinese take-away food is also popular.
We don’t like the same colors, either .
2、辨析：already，yet， still
already 意为“已经”, 通常用于肯定句;
yet 意为“尚”“仍然”,常用于否定句和疑问句；
still 表示“仍然,还”,放于句中。
3、辨析
sometimes 指“有时，偶尔” = from time to time
sometime 指“将来或过去的某个时候”
some time 指“一段时间”
some times 指“几次，几倍”
4、辨析so ， such
so adv. “如此”,修饰形容词, 如:so fast.
such adj. “如此”,修饰名词, 如:such a good boy.
注意：①如此以至于
so +adj./adv. + that.... ... so beautiful that...
such+ a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that...
such+ adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that...
such a beautiful boy that..
②so many/much √
没有such many/much ×
5、辨析much too, too much, too many
too much +不可数名词, 表示“太多”
too many +可数名词复数, 表示“太多”
much too + adj. /adv. 原级, 表示“非常,极其,太……”
没有many too
6、
how long 多久，对一个持续的时间段提问，常用“for+时间段”或“ since+时间点”回答。也可问事物的长度。 -How long have you been in China？ -For three months
how soon 多久，用于一般将来时的句子中，常用“in+时间段”回答 -How soon will he come back -In five minutes.
how often 对频率提问，常用once/twice a week , three/four... times a week等回答 -How often do you visit your grandparents -Twice a week.
how far 多远，对距离提问 -How far is it from your home to your school -About two kilometers.
专项集训
一、单项选择
1．Jane works hard but she doesn’t work ________ Mary.
A．less hard than B．as good as C．quicker than D．as hard as
2．Sound travels ________ in water than in air.
A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest
3．I know Alice ________, and I think she’s a ________ girl.
A．good; good B．good; well C．well; good D．well; well
4．Wanda Cinema is the most popular movie theater in Jianyang because it has the biggest screen and we can sit ________.
A．most comfortably B．most comfortable C．more comfortably
5．—What does your brother do on weekends
—He always sits in front of the computer. He ________ plays sports.
A．hardly B．sometimes C．usually
6．With my teacher’s help, I can run much _______ than before.
A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest
7．This year we are training ________ than last year because we want to win.
A．careful B．carefully C．more carefully D．most carefully
8．Mike is a good student. He ________ comes to school early. He is ________ late for school.
A．often; always B．always; never C．never; sometimes D．sometimes; usually
9．—Do you eat ________
—Yes, I’m very ________.
A．well; health B．good; health C．well; healthy D．good; healthy
10．Jane’s mother doesn’t like cooking. She ________ cooks at home.
A．always B．usually C．often D．never
二、完成句子
11．人无完人。我偶尔也会犯错。
Nobody is perfect. I also make a mistake .
12．初中毕业之后你会最想念哪位老师呢？（完成译句）
Which teacher will you after finishing your middle school
13．My brother hardly ever hangs out with his friends.（对划线部分提问）
does your brother hang out with his friends
14．地震突然发生，但幸运的是多数村民们被带到了安全地带。
The earthquake happened , but luckily the villagers were brought to a safe place.
15．下过雪后，到处都是白色的。(汉译英)
It is after it snows.
16．这件外套对你来说太短了。
This coat is short you.
17．we, about, our, own, plans, think, carefully
.
18．虽然他昨天病得很严重，但他仍然按时上课了。
Although he was ill yesterday, he still attended class on time.
19． To be honest, I didn’t enjoy the movie.（Paraphrase the underlined gart.）
20．他们没有放弃，并最终成功地解决（solve）了这个问题。
They didn’t give up and finally solve this problem.
三、单词拼写
21．What can we do n (下一步)
22．We should speak as (polite) as possible when we ask strangers for help.
23．Now lots of e-books are w read.
24．Mr. Smith wanted to travel (wide) to know more about the world.
25．China is a (真正地) beautiful country and many people visit it every year.
26．Life is full of choices and we need to make decisions w to shape our lives.
27．Don’t be shy, Mike! You can read a so that everyone can hear you.
28．Shenzhou-17 manned spaceship was sent into space . (success)
29．There have been strange happenings here . (late)
30．Sarah practises skating (两次) a week.
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参考答案：
1．D
【详解】句意：简工作很努力，但不如玛丽努力。
考查副词原级。less hard than不如……努力，比较级；as good as像……一样好，形容词；quicker than比……快，形容词；as hard as像……一样努力，副词。分析句子可知，横线上是副词修饰动词work，排除BC，由“Jane works hard but she doesn’t work”可知，表述的是不如玛丽，由于横线前有否定词，所以是as hard as。故选D。
2．B
【详解】句意：声音在水中比在空气中传播得快。
考查形副三级辨析。fast快地（原级）；faster更快地（比较级）；(the) fastest最快地（最高级）。根据句中“than”，可知空处应填副词比较级。故选B。
3．C
【详解】句意：我很了解爱丽丝，我认为她是个好女孩。
考查词义辨析。good好的，形容词；well好地，副词。第一空修饰动词，应用副词；第二空作定语修饰名词，应用形容词，故选C。
4．A
【详解】句意：万达电影院是简阳最受欢迎的电影院，因为它有最大的屏幕，我们坐得最舒服。
考查最高级和副词的用法。此处修饰动词sit用副词；根据“because it has the biggest screen and we can sit”可知此处指坐得最舒服，用副词的最高级。故选A。
5．A
【详解】句意：——你的哥哥在周末做什么？——他总是坐在电脑前面。他几乎不运动。
考查频度副词辨析。hardly几乎不；sometimes有时；usually通常。根据“He always sits in front of the computer.”可知，他总是坐在电脑前面，因此他很少运动。故选A。
6．B
【详解】句意：在老师的帮助下，我比以前跑得快多了。
考查副词比较级。根据“than before”可知考查比较级，修饰动词“run”用副词fast比较级faster。故选B。
7．C
【详解】句意：今年我们比去年训练更认真，因为我们想赢。
考查比较级的用法。careful认真的；carefully认真地；more carefully更认真地；most carefully最认真地（最高级）。根据“This year we are training…than”可知，空处应该用副词的比较级修饰动词。故选C。
8．B
【详解】句意：Mike是一个好学生。他总是很早来学校。他上学从不迟到。
考查副词辨析。often经常；always总是；never从不；sometimes有时；usually通常。根据“Mike is a good student.”可知好学生应该不迟到，而是早到学校。B选项符合。故选B。
9．C
【详解】句意：——你吃得好吗？——是的，我非常健康。
考查单词辨析。well好地，副词/形容词；good好的，形容词；health健康，名词；healthy健康的，形容词。根据“Do you eat…”可知，此处修饰动词eat，应该用副词形式，故第一空填well。根据“I’m very…”可知，第二空应该填形容词作表语，healthy符合题意。故选C。
10．D
【详解】句意：简的妈妈不喜欢做饭。她从不在家做饭。
考查频率副词。always总是；usually通常；often经常；never从不。根据前文“Jane’s mother doesn’t like cooking.” 可知，不喜欢做饭，所以是从不在家做饭。故选D。
11．once in a while/now and then/occasionally
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“偶尔”，英文表达是once in a while、now and then或者occasionally，故填once in a while/now and then/occasionally。
12．miss most
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少了“最想念”，miss“想念”，助动词will后面加动词原形，most“最……”， 副词最高级。故填miss most。
13． How often
【详解】句意：我哥哥几乎从不和他的朋友出去玩。根据划线部分hardly ever表示“几乎不”可知，此处是对频率进行提问，how often表示“多久一次”，how位于句首，首字母要大写。故填How；often。
14．all of a sudden/suddenly
【详解】“突然”可用副词词组all of a sudden或副词suddenly，修饰动词happened。故填all of a sudden/suddenly。
15． white everywhere
【详解】white“白色的”，形容词作表语；everywhere“到处”，地点副词。故填white；everywhere。
16． too for
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，too“太”，副词修饰形容词short；for you“对你来说”。故填too；for。
17．We think carefully about our own plans
【详解】根据分析所给单词可知应用陈述句的形式。其中we作主语；think about作谓语；副词carefully修饰think about；our own plan作宾语。故填We think carefully about our own plans“我们仔细考虑我们自己的计划”。
18．badly/seriously
【详解】根据中英文提示，可知英文句中缺少“很严重”部分；分析句子，可知空处应填副词修饰形容词ill，副词badly/seriously可修饰ill，表示“病得很严重”。故填badly/seriously。
19．Honestly, I didn’t enjoy the movie./Honestly speaking, I didn’t enjoy the movie.
【详解】句意：老实说，我不喜欢这部电影。根据要求以及“To be honest”可知，To be honest，意为“老实说”，等于Honestly/Honestly speaking。故填Honestly/Honestly speaking, I didn’t enjoy the movie.
20．succeeded in solving/successfully solved/were successful in solving
【详解】solve“解决”。表示“成功”可以用动词succeed，副词successfully和形容词successful。succeed in doing表示“成功做某事”，solve用动名词形式；用副词successfully时，应该修饰动词solve；用形容词successful时，用短语be successful in doing结构，solve用动名词形式。根据题干可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，主语是复数，这里的be动词用were。故填succeeded in solving/successfully solved/were successful in solving。
21．(n)ext
【详解】句意：我们下一步能做什么？根据汉语及首字母提示，应填next“下一步，紧接着”，副词。故填(n)ext。
22．politely
【详解】句意：当我们向陌生人求助时，我们应该尽可能礼貌地说话。polite“礼貌的”，形容词；此处用来修饰动词speak，应该用副词politely“礼貌地”，as...as中间用形容词或副词原级。故填politely。
23．(w)idely
【详解】句意：现在很多电子书被广泛阅读。根据“Now lots of e-books are…read.”和首字母提示可知，许多电子书被广泛阅读。widely意为“广泛地”，副词修饰动词read。故填(w)idely。
24．widely
【详解】句意：史密斯先生想广泛旅行以了解世界。wide“广泛的”，形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词travel。故填widely。
25．really
【详解】句意：中国是一个非常美丽的国家，每年都有很多人去旅游。really“真正地”，副词修饰形容词beautiful，故填really。
26．(w)isely
【详解】句意：生活充满了选择，我们需要明智地做出决定来塑造我们的生活。根据“make decisions...to shape our lives”及首字母提示可知，这里指明智地做出决定，“明智地”为wisely，是副词修饰动词make。故填(w)isely。
27．(a)loud
【详解】句意：别害羞，迈克！你可以大声朗读，这样每个人都能听到。根据“You can read …so that everyone can hear you.”及首字母可知，大声朗读，每个人才能听到，aloud修饰动词read，故填(a)loud。
28．successfully
【详解】句意：神舟十七号载人飞船成功发射升空。根据“Shenzhou-17 manned spaceship was sent into space...”和所给单词提示可知，空处应用副词successfully“成功地”，修饰谓语“was sent”。故填successfully。
29．lately
【详解】句意：最近这里发生了一些奇怪的事情。late, 形容词。句子中修饰动词使用副词形式lately。故填lately。
30．twice
【详解】句意：萨拉每周练习两次滑冰。“两次”为twice，twice a week意为“一周两次”，故填twice。
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