连词
—语法知识梳理 专项集训及解析【中考英语 冀教版】
知识梳理
一、连词的分类
连词是连接单词、短语或句子的一种虚词,起辅助作用,在句子中不单独作成分。根据在句子中所起的作用不同,连词通常分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接属于同一层次并具有同等句法功能的词、短语或句子;而从属连词用来连接不同层次,带有主从关系的词、短语或句子。
二、并列连词
并列连词 词义 例句
and 和,又,及 He is laughing and talking.
but 但是,可是 He is poor, but honest.
or 或者 Would you like tea or coffee
so 因此,所以 He was ill, so he couldn’t go to school yesterday.
both…and… 两者都 Both you and she are right.
not only… but also… 不但……而且…… Not only you but also everyone here likes watching football match.
either…or… 或者……或者…… Either he or I am right.
neither… nor… 既不……也不…… Neither the twins nor Li Lei has been to Shanghai.
三、从属连词
分类 连词 词义 例句
表示 时间 when 当……时 The students were talking when the teacher came in.
while 当……时 I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV.
after 在……之后 I’ll go to play football after I finish my homework.
before 在……之前 Please turn off the light before you leave the room.
till, until 直到……为止 I’ll wait till/until he arrives.
不到……不 She won’t get home till/until it gets dark.
as soon as 一……就 I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing.
since 自从…… He has lived here since 1980.
表示 条件 if 如果 We’ll go for a picnic if it doesn’t rain.
unless 除非,如果不 They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday.
表示 原因 because 因为 He didn’t come because he was ill.
since 既然 Since we have got ready for it, let’s set off.
as 因为 As I’m not at home, please leave a message.
表示 目的 so that 以便于 He got up early so that he could get there in time.
in order that 为了 He works hard in order that he can go to a good college.
表示 结果 so…that 如此……以至于…… The box is so heavy that we can’t carry it.
such…that 如此……以至于…… It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away.
表示 让步 though/ although 虽然 He often helps others although he is not rich.
表示 比较 as 像……一样 Do as you like.
as…as… 和……一样 He ran as fast as Mike.
not as…as 不及…… It isn’t as easy as you think.
than 比…… She jumped higher than Rose.
专项集训
一、单项选择
1.I like ice-cream ________ I don’t eat it.
A.but B.and C.so
2.I saw a good film, ________ I can’t remember its name.
A.so B.or C.for D.but
3.Betty is only six, ________ she can sing one hundred Chinese songs.
A.so B.but C.although D.because
4.I don’t have a bike, ________ my cousin ________.
A.but; does B.and; does C.and; is D.but; is
5.I want to learn English well, ______ I listen to the radio every morning.
A.so B.or C.but D.for
6.I like English ________ Chinese. I think they’re difficult ________ interesting.
A.and; and B.and; but C.but; and D.but; but
7.I knew Sara could help me, ________ I asked her for help.
A.or B.for C.so D.but
8.—Do you like playing _________ basketball
—No, it’s boring. _________ my brother likes it.
A./; Or B.the; But C./; But
9.I like purple very much, ________ my friend Jane likes orange. We are different.
A.so B.and C.or D.but
10.—Let me tell the twins about the result.
—There is no need to do so. ________ Lucy ________ Lily have heard about it.
A.Both; and B.Neither; nor C.Not only; but also D.Either; or
二、完成句子
11.Jane comes from the USA.May comes from the USA, too. (合并成一句)
Jane May come from the USA.
12.Kitty helps parents do housework. Ben helps parents do housework, too. (合并为一句)
Kitty Ben help parents do housework.
13.Liu Li likes ice cream. I don’t like ice cream. (合并为一句)
Liu Li likes ice cream, I don’t like .
14.The panda likes to eat bamboo. It eats other plants, too.(用 and 将两个句子改写为一句话)
15.保罗有棒球,但是他没有棒球拍。
Paul has a baseball, he have a baseball bat.
16.第二天,彼得并没有害怕,而是勇敢地去参加足球训练。
The next day, Peter went to soccer practice with courage fear in his heart.
17.杰夫和劳拉都没有音乐会的票。
Jeff Laura has got a ticket to the concert.
18.Jack likes playing soccer. Jack’s cousin likes playing soccer, too. (合并为一句)
Jack and his cousin playing soccer.
19.This morning Jack was late for school and Jane was late for school, too. (保持句意不变)
This morning Jack Jane were late for school.
20.虽然黄华和简不在同一个班级,但他们是好朋友。
Huang Hua and Jane are in the same class, they are good friends.
三、单词拼写
21.Your parents friends look really nice in the pictures.
22.At school, I have two good friends, Jane and Kelly. Jane is tall Kelly isn’t.
23.I need a notebook, a pencil, a baseball, a set of keys a Chinese dictionary.
24.Many children likes cartoons, my little brother doesn’t.
25.Which is bigger, the moon the earth
26.She likes hamburgers, she doesn’t eat them.
27.Cookie is a black white dog.
28.Anna and Kate are American girls, b Kitty isn’t.
29.I don’t have a soccer ball, my brother does.
30.My heart is filled with happiness (无论何时)I think of my good friends.
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参考答案:
1.A
【详解】句意:我喜欢冰淇淋,但是我不吃它。
考查连词。but但是;and而且;so所以。结合句意,前一句表示我喜欢冰淇淋,后一句表示我不吃它,前后表示转折关系,因此用连词but。故选A。
2.D
【详解】句意:我看了一部好电影,但我记不起它的名字了。
考查并列连词。so因此;or或者;for为了;but但是。分析“I saw a good film,...I can’t remember its name.”可知,前后两句构成转折关系,用but连接,故选D。
3.B
【详解】句意:虽然Betty只有六岁,但是她能唱一百首中文歌曲。
考查连词。so因此;but但是;although虽然;because因为。分析句子可知,前后存在转折关系,用but。故选B。
4.A
【详解】句意:我没有一辆自行车,但我的堂弟有。
考查连词及助动词用法。根据“I don’t have a bike”及结合选项可知,指我的堂弟有自行车,表转折用连词but;再根据“don’t”可知,时态为一般现在时,my cousin为单三人称,助动词用does,指代前一句的实义动词have。故选A。
5.A
【详解】句意:我想学好英语,所以我每天早上听收音机。
考查连词辨析。so所以;or或者;but但是;for因为。根据“I want to learn English well,...I listen to the radio every morning.”可知,前后句为因果关系,前因后果,所以用so连接两句。故选A。
6.B
【详解】句意:我喜欢英语和语文。我觉得它们很难但很有趣。
考查连词词义辨析。and和;but但是。根据“I like English…Chinese.”以及“I think they’re”可知,我喜欢英语和语文,因此要说学科的优点,所以第一空用“and”表示并列关系。并且这两个学科应该是“难但很有趣”,所以第二空用“but”表示转折关系。故选B。
7.C
【详解】句意:我知道萨拉能帮助我,所以我向她求助。
考查连词辨析。or或者;for因为;so因此;but但是。“I knew Sara could help me”与“I asked her for help”是因果关系,遵循“前因后果”,此空应填so,故选C。
8.C
【详解】句意:——你喜欢打篮球吗?——不,它很无聊。但是我哥哥喜欢。
考查冠词和连词辨析。or或者;but但是。play basketball“打篮球”,排除B;第二个句子和前句是转折关系,用but连接,排除A。故选C。
9.D
【详解】句意:我非常喜欢紫色,但是我的朋友Jane喜欢橘色。我们是不同的。
考查连词辨析。so所以;and和;or或者;but但是。前后两句是转折关系,用but连接。故选D。
10.A
【详解】句意:——让我告诉双胞胎的结果。——没有必要这样做。露西和莉莉都听说了。
考查并列连词词义辨析。both…and两者都;neither…nor既不……也不;not only…but also不但……而且;either...or要么……要么。根据题中“There is no need to do so.”可知露西和莉莉都听说了。both…and作主语时,谓语应用复数形式,当其余的作主语时,谓语遵循“就近一致”原则,即谓语由离其最近的名词单复数决定,根据题干中have可知谓语动词用复数形式,故应用both…and。故选A。
11. Both and
【详解】句意:Jane来自美国。May也来自美国。表示“两者都是”应用表示并列关系的连词both…and…来连接两个并列的主语Jane和May,位于句首,首字母要大写。故填Both;and。
12. Both and
【详解】句意:凯蒂帮助父母做家务。本也帮助父母做家务。根据句意可知,凯蒂和本都帮助父母做家务。固定搭配both…and 表示“两者都”,首字母b大写。故填Both;and。
13. but it
【详解】句意:刘丽喜欢冰淇淋。我不喜欢冰淇淋。这两句的关系是转折关系,可使用but连接两个句子, ice cream用it代替,避免重复。故填but;it。
14.The panda likes to eat bamboo and it eats other plants, too.
【详解】句意:熊猫喜欢吃竹子。它也吃其他植物。分析句子可知,本句可以表达为:熊猫喜欢吃竹子,也吃其他植物。故填The panda likes to eat bamboo and it eats other plants, too.
15. but doesn’t
【详解】结合中英文,第一空为but“但是”;第二空表否定,have“有”,是动词,表示否定要借助助动词,陈述事实用一般现在时,主语是Paul,助动词用does,与not缩写成doesn’t。故填but;doesn’t。
16.rather than
【详解】根据中英文对照分析,空处用固定短语rather than表示“而不是”。故填rather than。
17. Neither nor
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,neither…nor…“两者都不”,为固定短语,且句首首字母要大写。故填Neither;nor。
18. Both like
【详解】句意:杰克喜欢踢足球。杰克的表弟也喜欢踢足球。根据句意,将两分句合并为一句可用连词both…and…,意为“两者都……”,连接并列主语,谓语动词like“喜欢”使用原形。故填Both;like。
19. both and
【详解】句意:今天早上杰克上学迟到了,简也迟到了。根据句意可知,两人都迟到了,be动词were是复数形式,可以用both...and连接。故填both;and。
20. not but
【详解】第一个句子是否定句,在be动词后加not;但是:but。故填not;but。
21.and
【详解】句意:照片中你的父母和朋友看起来真的很好。主语your parents和friends并列,谓语look是复数形式,因此用并列连词and,故填and。
22.but
【详解】句意:在学校,我有两个好朋友,Jane和Kelly。Jane很高,但是Kelly不高。空处前后句为转折关系,用连词but连接。故填but。
23.and
【详解】句意:我需要一个笔记本、一支铅笔、一个棒球、一套钥匙和一本中文字典。根据“a notebook, a pencil, a baseball, a set of key... a Chinese dictionary.”可知前后构成并列关系,肯定句用and连接表示“和”,故填and。
24.but
【详解】句意:许多孩子喜欢动画片,但我弟弟不喜欢。根据空前后句的句意可知,此处句意发生了转折,且空后没有逗号,所以but“但是”符合。故填but。
25.or
【详解】句意:哪个更大,月球还是地球?根据空前的“Which is bigger”可知,此处表示选择关系,用or“或者”,表示“月球还是地球”,故填or。
26.but
【详解】句意:她喜欢汉堡包,但她不吃。根据“She likes hamburgers, … she doesn’t eat them.”可知,前后句之间为转折关系,应用but“但是”来连接。故填but。
27.and
【详解】句意:Cookie是一个黑白色的小狗。根据“black...white”和句意可知,空格前后都是形容词,且是并列关系。故填and。
28.(b)ut
【详解】句意:安娜和凯特是美国女孩,但是凯蒂不是。前后文之间是转折关系,应用but连接。故填(b)ut。
29.but
【详解】句意:我没有足球,但我哥哥有。根据“I don’t have a soccer ball, …my brother does.”可知,此处前后两个分句为转折关系,因此用but,意为“但是”。故填but。
30.whenever
【详解】句意:无论何时我想起我的好朋友,我的心里都充满了快乐。根据提示“无论何时”可知,此处考查让步状语从句,所以此处要填从属连词whenever。故填whenever。
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