深圳市宝安区高三期末考试英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3考试结束后将本试卷和答题卡一并交回
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Biggest National Park On Continents
America
Covering nearly half of the world’s largest island, Northeast Greenland National Park is currently the globe’s single largest national park and biggest land-based protected area. It covers 972, 000 square kilometers. The vast Greenland: Ice Sheet makes up most of the park, but there’s also a long coastline that is home to musk oxen, polar bears and many other Arctic creatures.
Oceania
Covering 36, 000 square kilometers, the Munga-Thirri-Simpson Desert National Park was set up in 2021 to protect the beautiful desert landscapes of far northern South Australia. It includes one of the world’s largest dune (沙丘) fields. As well as more than 150 bird species, the park provides home for many animals.
Asia
Founded in 2021, China’s Sanjiangyuan National Park is now the largest in Asia, covering 190, 700 square kilometers of the snow-covered Qinghai-Tibet Plateau that provides the headwaters of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers. Rough and remote, the highlands harbor a range of rare, endangered animal species. The park also includes cultural sites.
Africa
Some of the world’s highest and biggest sand dunes are the centerpiece of western Namibia’s Namib-Naukluft National Park, Africa’s largest at 49, 768 square kilometers. Easy to explore with your own, vehicle, the main park road leads to most dunes and forest. Hot air balloon flights offer a bird’s eye view of the whole park. It is also known for plants and animals that have adapted to one of the Earth’s most dry places.
1. Where is the world largest national park located
A. In Asia. B. In Africa. C. In America. D. In Oceania.
2. What makes the Sanjiangyuan National Park special
A. Its large ice sheet. B. Cultural scenic spots.
C. Highest sand dunes. D. Rare Arctic creatures.
3. How can visitors enjoy the full view of the Namib-Naukluft National Park
A. By taking boats. B. By driving vehicles.
C. By riding bicycles. D. By riding hot air balloons.
B
On March 1, Dr. Joseph Dituri began a project to stay for 100 days at a special hotel called Jules’s Undersea Lodge 30 feet under the ocean surface in a conservation area in Key Largo.
The farther you go below the ocean’s surface, the greater the pressure. Dr. Dituri wanted to learn how this pressure would affect the human body over time. He believes that high pressure could help people live longer and stay healthier as they get older. It could also help doctors treat different medical problems, including brain injuries.
While he was living underwater, Dr. Dituri stayed busy. He often exercised in the morning. He kept teaching his college classes virtually and had online chats with over 5, 500 students from 15 different countries. He also worked with ocean experts to figure out ways to preserve the ocean. He even had a number of visitors who dove down to spend a little time with him.
On June 9, Dr. Dituri returned to the surface with a new world record, beating the old record of 73 days. Many friends, family, and other supporters were there to greet him and celebrate his success. Doctors quickly checked him out to make sure he was okay.
Actually, Dr. Dituri went through several big changes. For one thing, he became 1. 3 centimeters shorter during his time in the higher undersea pressure. Sleeping much better, his health greatly improved in a couple of ways. Dr. Dituri and his team plan to study the information they collected during the project. In November, Dr. Dituri will speak at an important medical meeting in Scotland about the discoveries the scientists made during the project.
Dr. Dituri says his favorite part of the project was talking with young people. “Who knows ” he said. “Maybe one day, one of them will come. back and break the record we just set. My greatest hope is that I have inspired a new generation of explorers and researchers to push past all boundaries.
4. What is Jules’s Undersea Lodge special for
A. Its convenience. B. Its reputation. C. Its location D. Its luxuriousness.
5. Why did Dr. Dituri decide to stay long in the hotel
A. To treat his brain injuries. B. To live longer and healthier.
C. To deal with medical problems. D. To test one of his academic ideas.
6. Which statement best describes Dr. Dituri’s undersea life
A. He kept a daily routine almost as usual.
B. He was busy with medical experiments.
C. He led a dull life separated from the others.
D. He set a world record of living 73 days underwater.
7. What does Dr. Dituri wish young people to do
A. Communicate more with him. B. Explore the unknown bravely.
C. Study the information of the project. D. Meet at the conference in Scotland.
C
Each year, more than 27 million. U. S. and Canadian kids get to school by bus. Most of those buses run on diesel (柴油) fuel, which give out pollution that riders can take in. Pollution levels can be several times higher inside a diesel school bus than outside it. Why Pollution can leak in from the floor or blow in through windows.
A U. S. government program started in 2012 offered schools’ money spent on cleaner school buses but not all schools could get it. Five years later, emissions from buses in the winning districts fell. And a year after getting new buses, student attendance had improved in those districts. For an average district of 10, 000 students, about six more students attended ‘school each day’ in the winning districts, compared to the losing districts. Winning schools with higher rates of bus-riding kids had an average of 14 more students in class each day. And winning districts that replaced the oldest school buses They had an average of 45 more students in school each day.
Those numbers may sound small, but they add up. And school attendance matters for student achievement. Almost 3 million U. S. kids ride school buses more than 20 years old. If U. S. school districts had replaced all of those older buses, there would have been 1. 3 million fewer student absences each year.
There might be other reasons for better attendance. For example maybe kids preferred new buses. However, the most-likely reason for fewer student absences was better health. A study done on adults showed that a brief exposure to diesel emissions reduced “network connectivity” in the brain. In other studies, such network-connectivity changes have been linked to worsened memory and mental tasks. A Washington State program upgraded pollution controls in old diesel buses. Afterward, fewer kids were hospitalized in those districts than in schools without bus upgrades.
Almost all U. S. school districts can apply for the program. But schools in low-income areas, in tribal areas and, in rural areas will get priority. Kids in these areas tend to face the most health risks from older buses.
8. What can we infer about diesel school buses from the first paragraph
A. They have a short service life.
B. They operate cost-effectively.
C They accommodate few passengers.
D. They do much harm to school children.
9. Why is the increase in school attendance small but important
A. It is a long accumulation. B. It is a winning condition.
C. It is a measuring standard. D. It is a student achievement.
10. How does the bus replacement bring better student attendance
A. By reducing the network connectivity.
B. By bettering the health state of students.
C. By improving student satisfaction with schools.
D. By meeting students’ demand for school bus drivers.
11. What does the text mainly talk about
A. The “network connectivity” in the brain.
B. The great work on cleaner school buses.
C. A U. S. government program for education.
D. Better attendance due to new school buses.
D
First-year college students often are expected or required to live in dormitories. In the rest years, it’s usually up to those students to decide whether to live on or off campus.
But some schools don’t provide an option and require four years of on-campus living for full-time students. Living on campus has been shown to increase retention (保留) and attendance rates among freshman and second-year students, according to a 2021 report. There are exceptions, however. At some colleges, students may be freed from the requirement if they are, for instance, commuters (通勤生), fifth-year seniors, at least 23 years of age or legally married.
Residential housing at colleges is not limited to shared rooms and bathrooms. Alternatives include flats, apartments, Greek houses or living-learning communities for students with shared interests. On-campus students also have access to services and resources such as residence life staff who can help if a housing issue arises. When students live in a community, they are forced to live with different people, learn more about themselves and about the others, and tell each other their stories.
On the other hand, off-campus living provides students with more independence, as they are not constrained by school housing policies. Off-campus students gain more real-world experience in areas like paying their own bills, finding renter’s insurance, cooking their own meals and negotiating or reviewing contracts. If students are choosing to live off campus, they should really think it through and talk to someone that lived off campus. Do their homework and look at all the costs before they make that decision. Make sure, too, that they are choosing people that they can live with.
At first glance, off-campus housing can appear less expensive. But the additional expenses outside of rent — like utilities, groceries, Internet access, cable and furniture — are often overlooked. To reduce off-campus costs, some students choose to overpack houses or apartments, sometimes with four or five people in a two-bedroom house. Unlike off-campus housing, the total cost of living on campus is typically all-inclusive, coveting rent, utilities, furniture, Wi-Fi and a meal plan.
12. Why do some colleges require all the students to live on campus
A. To keep them stay longer on campus for classes.
B. To make sure all students can live in shared rooms.
C. To make as much profit as possible for the colleges.
D. To monitor all of their students as easily as possible.
13. What should students do before living off campus
A. They should find someone to take care of them.
B. They should fully develop the ability to live alone.
C. They should learn all aspects of off-campus living.
D. They should seek accommodation through an agent.
14. What does the underlined word “overpack” in the last paragraph mean
A. Overlook. B. Overconsume. C. Overestimate. D. Overload.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Residential Housing At Different Colleges
B. Choice Between Housing On Or Off Campus
C. Accommodation Situation For College Students
D. Different Living Experience On Or Off Campus
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’re afraid to fly, you’re in good company. About 40% of Americans feel some fear at the thought of flying. ____16____ these tips can help.
____17____
Exposure therapy is the idea that being exposed to something you’re afraid of over and over again calms down your limbic system so it doesn’t fire up as fast. That could mean less anxiety in the long run.
During the night, distract yourself
When we’re really anxious, we can’t think straight. The key is to try to connect to your rational, thinking brain. When we really focus on thinking, like doing a math problem, our emotional brain calms down. Try a crossword puzzle or Sudoku, read a really juicy romance novel or get through a pile of paperwork. ____18____.
If you hit turbulence (气流), don’t force yourself to calm down
During a rough flight, you might be to take slow, deep breaths to calm down. ____19____ . It’s nearly impossible to stop your fight-or-flight response, once it’s been triggered. Remind yourself that your body is having a normal response to a perceived threat.
Consult with a doctor about medication (冥想), if you feel you might need it
There are medications pretty quickly taking down anxiety. ____20____, talk with your primary care doctor or a psychiatrist. Try to think of a medication that’s not just short-term, but something that can help you bring your baseline anxiety down.
A. But don’t try to stop the experience
B. Try to hold back your feeling of fear
C. If you do need medication to get on a plane
D. Board your flight with plenty of distractions
E. Face your fear, repeatedly but in small doses
F. If you did almost anything but can’t avoid flights
G. That’s where I agree with because that experience is terrible
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I feared it was going to be a terrible firework season this year. The bangs (巨响)____21____ before the first of July and lasted three more days. I have never been a big fan of fireworks since I was a boy. It was then that a local fair ____22____ a huge firework show near our house and I saw how the huge ____23____ terrified our dogs. I sat on the____24____ in the house with them during the whole show, holding their____25____ bodies.
I know a lot of people enjoy the____26____ light shows the fireworks can put on at times. They can be bright and beautiful. Still, I find that I____27____ the gentler lights of summers to these noisy ones. I love seeing the moon rising ____28____ above the hills in the evening. The shining stars always look so wonderful when you take the time to____29____ into the sky and watch them shine.
I also_____30_____ the beautiful, blinking lights of the fireflies (萤火虫) at this_____31_____ of year. Seeing their lovely, little lights as they_____32_____ around always fills my heart with joy and light as well. It feeds my soul and reminds me of what a glorious_____33_____ we live in.
I think we all might do better to develop and grow the gentler_____34_____ within ourselves. They are meant to be_____35_____ with others. They are meant to be shined
21. A. bounced B. resounded C. ripened D. resigned
22. A. launched B. assessed C. canceled D. assigned
23. A. bonus B. noise C. sight D. feast
24. A. carpet B. fountain C. grass D. roof
25. A. frightening B. exciting C. calming D. trembling
26. A. subsequent B. vivid C. single D. primitive
27. A. prefer B. apply C. compare D. devote
28. A. initially B. substantially C. slowly D. obviously
29. A. break down B. look up C. rise up D. flow away
30. A. seize B. release C. raise D. fancy
31. A. time B. age C. edge D. mercy
32. A. lie B. flee C. fly D. stick
33. A. world B. community C. dream D. flat
34. A. sounds B. levels C. lights D. images
35. A. helped B. shared C. compared D. communicated
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 16-year-old girl from Changsha, Hunan Province, reached the top of Qomolangma with success, ____36____(become) the youngest Chinese female to conquer (征服) the world’s highest mountain from the southern slope.
Xu is a first-year high school student. In April, she left Changsha for Nepal, began her trek(涉) from Lukla, arrived at the base camp____37____ started her altitude adjustment training. At 10 pm Beijing time on May 14, Xu started trekking from Camp 4 at____38____ altitude of 7, 950 meters. After a hard 10-hour climb, she____39____(successful) reached the top.
Xu’s father was the first person from Hunan Province____40____(reach) the top of Qomolangma. Influenced by her father, Xu ____41____(explore)remote areas with him since she was very young. Despite her young age, Xu has already climbed five mountains over 5, 000 meters in China. Although Xu has rich climbing experience, she gets high-intensity____42____(profession) training non-stop to conquer Qomolangma. Last year, she climbed Mount Muztagata, ____43____ stands 7, 546 meters.
”Human beings____44____(be)small in the face of nature. We should respect nature and get closer to Qomolangma,” said Xu. She hopes to conquer the highest peak in each of the seven _____45_____(continent)and to be able to reach the North Pole and South Pole one day.
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英语报正在进行题为“My Greatest Happiness”的英语征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.你最大的快乐;
2.你快乐的源泉。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Greatest Happiness
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Hi, Connie.”My sister-in-law’s familiar bright and clear voice greeted me from the other end of the phone line early one Monday afternoon. “Mom and I just finished baking banana bread, and we’d love to bring you out a warm loaf. Can you have the coffee on in half an hour ”
Since thoughts of my mother-in-law’s freshly baked banana bread clouded my sensibilities and made me unable to think of an excuse, I replied in my cheeriest voice, “Of course, come on up. I’ll be here!”
What was I thinking I can’t let my mother-in-law see the house like this! She’s under the impression that I’m perfect. I had to attempt to clean the house within thirty minutes. The past week however, had been even busier than usual with running my five very active kids back and forth for extra-curricular activities. As a result, the house was neglected.
To add to my awkward situation, I had spent the morning sitting in the garden drinking coffee in an effort to recover from the rushed weekend of activities. But I told myself, “Where there’s a will, there’s a way. Then I put my words into action!
I cleaned up the kitchen in ten minutes. Things were looking good, and I still had twenty minutes remaining. I quickly swept the living room, throwing toys into the toy box as I worked my way across the floor. Glancing at the clock on my way upstairs to the kids’ bedrooms, I was relieved to find I had five minutes to spare. That gave me just enough time to tidy up the bathroom and run a brush through my hair.
Whew! I did it! I put on a fresh pot of coffee, and since my guests hadn’t yet arrived, I decided to wipe off the chicken eggs I had gathered after taking the kids to the bus stop. It would be a nice gesture to give them some eggs in return for the banana bread.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was finishing the last egg when I heard a knock at the door behind me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But that smile was short-lived when my oldest son ran through the front door
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________深圳市宝安区高三期末考试英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3考试结束后将本试卷和答题卡一并交回
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Biggest National Park On Continents
America
Covering nearly half of the world’s largest island, Northeast Greenland National Park is currently the globe’s single largest national park and biggest land-based protected area. It covers 972, 000 square kilometers. The vast Greenland: Ice Sheet makes up most of the park, but there’s also a long coastline that is home to musk oxen, polar bears and many other Arctic creatures.
Oceania
Covering 36, 000 square kilometers, the Munga-Thirri-Simpson Desert National Park was set up in 2021 to protect the beautiful desert landscapes of far northern South Australia. It includes one of the world’s largest dune (沙丘) fields. As well as more than 150 bird species, the park provides home for many animals.
Asia
Founded in 2021, China’s Sanjiangyuan National Park is now the largest in Asia, covering 190, 700 square kilometers of the snow-covered Qinghai-Tibet Plateau that provides the headwaters of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers. Rough and remote, the highlands harbor a range of rare, endangered animal species. The park also includes cultural sites.
Africa
Some of the world’s highest and biggest sand dunes are the centerpiece of western Namibia’s Namib-Naukluft National Park, Africa’s largest at 49, 768 square kilometers. Easy to explore with your own, vehicle, the main park road leads to most dunes and forest. Hot air balloon flights offer a bird’s eye view of the whole park. It is also known for plants and animals that have adapted to one of the Earth’s most dry places.
1 Where is the world largest national park located
A. In Asia. B. In Africa. C. In America. D. In Oceania.
2. What makes the Sanjiangyuan National Park special
A. Its large ice sheet. B. Cultural scenic spots.
C. Highest sand dunes. D. Rare Arctic creatures.
3. How can visitors enjoy the full view of the Namib-Naukluft National Park
A. By taking boats. B. By driving vehicles.
C. By riding bicycles. D. By riding hot air balloons.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了各大洲最大的国家公园以及它们的特点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由文章America部分中“Covering nearly half of the world’s largest island, Northeast Greenland National Park is currently the globe’s single largest national park and biggest land-based protected area. It covers 972,000 square kilometers. (东北格陵兰国家公园几乎覆盖了世界上最大岛屿的一半，是目前世界上最大的国家公园和最大的陆地保护区。它占地97.2万平方公里。)” 说明Northeast Greenland National Park是目前全球最大的国家公园，并且它位于格陵兰，属于美洲大陆的一部分。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Asia部分中“Founded in 2021, China’s Sanjiangyuan National Park is now the largest in Asia, covering 190,700 square kilometers of the snow-covered Qinghai-Tibet Plateau that provides the headwaters of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers, Rough and remote, the highlands harbor a range of rare, endangered animal species. The park also includes cultural sites. (中国的三江源国家公园成立于2021年，是目前亚洲最大的国家公园，占地19.7万平方公里，位于冰雪覆盖的青藏高原上，是长江、黄河和澜沧江的源头。崎岖偏远的高地是许多珍稀濒危动物的栖息地。该公园还包括文化遗址。)”三江源国家公园不光拥有自然保护价值，其中提到的“cultural sites”表明它包括了文化风景名胜区。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Africa部分中“Some of the world’s highest and biggest sand dunes are the centerpiece of western Namibia’s Namib-Naukluft National Park, Africa’s largest at 49,768 square kilometers. Easy to explore with your own vehicle, the main park road leads to most dunes and forest, Hot air balloon flights offer a bird’s eye view of the whole park. (一些世界上最高和最大的沙丘位于纳米比亚西部的纳米布-瑙克卢夫特国家公园的中心，这是非洲最大的公园，占地47968平方公里。主要的公园很容易用自己的交通工具探索，道路通往大多数沙丘和森林。乘坐热气球可以鸟瞰整个公园。)”这段文字讲述了，热气球飞行提供全公园的鸟瞰，意味着可以全面观赏公园。故选D。
B
On March 1, Dr. Joseph Dituri began a project to stay for 100 days at a special hotel called Jules’s Undersea Lodge 30 feet under the ocean surface in a conservation area in Key Largo.
The farther you go below the ocean’s surface, the greater the pressure. Dr. Dituri wanted to learn how this pressure would affect the human body over time. He believes that high pressure could help people live longer and stay healthier as they get older. It could also help doctors treat different medical problems, including brain injuries.
While he was living underwater, Dr. Dituri stayed busy. He often exercised in the morning. He kept teaching his college classes virtually and had online chats with over 5, 500 students from 15 different countries. He also worked with ocean experts to figure out ways to preserve the ocean. He even had a number of visitors who dove down to spend a little time with him.
On June 9, Dr. Dituri returned to the surface with a new world record, beating the old record of 73 days. Many friends, family, and other supporters were there to greet him and celebrate his success. Doctors quickly checked him out to make sure he was okay.
Actually, Dr. Dituri went through several big changes. For one thing, he became 1. 3 centimeters shorter during his time in the higher undersea pressure. Sleeping much better, his health greatly improved in a couple of ways. Dr. Dituri and his team plan to study the information they collected during the project. In November, Dr. Dituri will speak at an important medical meeting in Scotland about the discoveries the scientists made during the project.
Dr. Dituri says his favorite part of the project was talking with young people. “Who knows ” he said. “Maybe one day, one of them will come. back and break the record we just set. My greatest hope is that I have inspired a new generation of explorers and researchers to push past all boundaries.
4. What is Jules’s Undersea Lodge special for
A. Its convenience. B. Its reputation. C. Its location D. Its luxuriousness.
5. Why did Dr. Dituri decide to stay long in the hotel
A. To treat his brain injuries. B. To live longer and healthier.
C. To deal with medical problems. D. To test one of his academic ideas.
6. Which statement best describes Dr. Dituri’s undersea life
A. He kept a daily routine almost as usual.
B. He was busy with medical experiments.
C. He led a dull life separated from the others.
D. He set a world record of living 73 days underwater.
7. What does Dr. Dituri wish young people to do
A. Communicate more with him. B. Explore the unknown bravely.
C. Study the information of the project. D. Meet at the conference in Scotland.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了约瑟夫·迪图里博士在基拉戈水下酒店进行100天实验以研究深海压力对身体的影响，期间保持常规生活，打破世界记录，并激励年轻人勇探未知。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“On March 1, Dr. Joseph Dituri began a project to stay for 100 days at a special hotel called Jules’s Undersea Lodge 30 feet under the ocean surface in a conservation area in Key Largo.”（3月1日，约瑟夫·迪图里(Joseph Dituri)博士开始了一个项目，他将在基拉戈(Key Largo)一个保护区的海平面下30英尺处的一家名为“朱尔斯海底小屋”(Jules’s Undersea Lodge)的特殊酒店住上100天。）可知，朱尔斯的海底小屋的特别之处是它的位置位于海平面下30英尺处。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dr. Dituri wanted to learn how this pressure would affect the human body over time. He believes that high pressure could help people live longer and stay healthier as they get older. It could also help doctors treat different medical problems, including brain injuries.”（迪图里博士想了解这种压力随着时间的推移会如何影响人体。他认为，随着年龄的增长，高血压可以帮助人们活得更长，更健康。它还可以帮助医生治疗不同的医疗问题，包括脑损伤。）可知，迪图里医生决定在酒店里待很久是因为他想检验他的一个学术观点。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“While he was living underwater, Dr. Dituri stayed busy. He often exercised in the morning. He kept teaching his college classes virtually and had online chats with over 5, 500 students from 15 different countries. He also worked with ocean experts to figure out ways to preserve the ocean. He even had a number of visitors who dove down to spend a little time with him.”（在水下生活期间，迪图里一直很忙。他经常在早上锻炼。他一直在网上教授他大学课程，并与来自15个不同国家的5500多名学生在线聊天。他还与海洋专家一起研究保护海洋的方法。他甚至有一些游客潜入水中和他待一会儿。）可推知，迪图里博士在海底的生活和往常一样。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“My greatest hope is that I have inspired a new generation of explorers and researchers to push past all boundaries.”（我最大的希望是，我激励了新一代的探险家和研究人员去突破所有的界限。）可知，迪图里博士希望年轻人勇敢地探索未知。故选B项。
C
Each year, more than 27 million. U. S. and Canadian kids get to school by bus. Most of those buses run on diesel (柴油) fuel, which give out pollution that riders can take in. Pollution levels can be several times higher inside a diesel school bus than outside it. Why Pollution can leak in from the floor or blow in through windows.
A U. S. government program started in 2012 offered schools’ money spent on cleaner school buses but not all schools could get it. Five years later, emissions from buses in the winning districts fell. And a year after getting new buses, student attendance had improved in those districts. For an average district of 10, 000 students, about six more students attended ‘school each day’ in the winning districts, compared to the losing districts. Winning schools with higher rates of bus-riding kids had an average of 14 more students in class each day. And winning districts that replaced the oldest school buses They had an average of 45 more students in school each day.
Those numbers may sound small, but they add up. And school attendance matters for student achievement. Almost 3 million U. S. kids ride school buses more than 20 years old. If U. S. school districts had replaced all of those older buses, there would have been 1. 3 million fewer student absences each year.
There might be other reasons for better attendance. For example, maybe kids preferred new buses. However, the most-likely reason for fewer student absences was better health. A study done on adults showed that a brief exposure to diesel emissions reduced “network connectivity” in the brain. In other studies, such network-connectivity changes have been linked to worsened memory and mental tasks. A Washington State program upgraded pollution controls in old diesel buses. Afterward, fewer kids were hospitalized in those districts than in schools without bus upgrades.
Almost all U. S. school districts can apply for the program. But schools in low-income areas, in tribal areas and, in rural areas will get priority. Kids in these areas tend to face the most health risks from older buses.
8. What can we infer about diesel school buses from the first paragraph
A. They have a short service life.
B. They operate cost-effectively.
C. They accommodate few passengers.
D. They do much harm to school children.
9. Why is the increase in school attendance small but important
A. It is a long accumulation. B. It is a winning condition.
C. It is a measuring standard. D. It is a student achievement.
10. How does the bus replacement bring better student attendance
A. By reducing the network connectivity.
B. By bettering the health state of students.
C. By improving student satisfaction with schools.
D. By meeting students’ demand for school bus drivers.
11. What does the text mainly talk about
A. The “network connectivity” in the brain.
B. The great work on cleaner school buses.
C. A U. S. government program for education.
D. Better attendance due to new school buses.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国校巴更新计划如何减少柴油污染，提高学生出勤率和健康水平。老旧巴士被指出对学生健康不利，新巴士实施后出勤有所改善。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“U. S. and Canadian kids get to school by bus. Most of those buses run on diesel (柴油) fuel, which give out pollution that riders can take in. Pollution levels can be several times higher inside a diesel school bus than outside it. Why Pollution can leak in from the floor or blow in through windows.”（美国和加拿大的孩子坐公共汽车上学。这些公共汽车大多使用柴油燃料，而柴油所产生的污染会让乘客吸入。柴油校车内的污染水平可能比外面高几倍。为什么？污染可以从（校车）地板漏进来，或者从窗户吹进来。）可知，从第一段我们可以推断出柴油校车对学生有很大的危害。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Those numbers may sound small, but they add up. And school attendance matters for student achievement. Almost 3 million U. S. kids ride school buses more than 20 years old. If U. S. school districts had replaced all of those older buses, there would have been 1. 3 million fewer student absences each year.”（这些数字听起来可能很小，但积少成多。出勤率对学生的成绩很重要。近300万美国儿童乘坐的校车年龄超过20岁。如果美国的学区更换了所有的旧巴士，那么就只有1辆了。每年减少300万学生缺勤。）可知，学校出勤率的增加很小却很重要是因为这是一个积累的过程。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“There might be other reasons for better attendance. For example, maybe kids preferred new buses. However, the most-likely reason for fewer student absences was better health.”（提高出勤率可能还有其他原因。例如，也许孩子们更喜欢新公交车。然而，学生缺勤减少最有可能的原因是健康状况好转。）可知，公交车更换通过改善学生的健康状况来提高学生出勤率。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。全文主要谈论的是更换新校巴带来的更好的学生出勤率。文中详细说明了美国某些学区采取行动换新巴士后，学生的出勤情况如何改善，以及这一改变如何积极影响到学生的健康和学习成绩。尽管文中也提到了美国政府的项目和对大脑网络连接性的研究，但这些都是为了支持主题。因此D选项“Better attendance due to new school buses”（由于有了新的校车，出勤率提高了。）正确地反映了文本的主旨。故选D项。
D
First-year college students often are expected or required to live in dormitories. In the rest years, it’s usually up to those students to decide whether to live on or off campus.
But some schools don’t provide an option and require four years of on-campus living for full-time students. Living on campus has been shown to increase retention (保留) and attendance rates among freshman and second-year students, according to a 2021 report. There are exceptions, however. At some colleges, students may be freed from the requirement if they are, for instance, commuters (通勤生), fifth-year seniors, at least 23 years of age or legally married.
Residential housing at colleges is not limited to shared rooms and bathrooms. Alternatives include flats, apartments, Greek houses or living-learning communities for students with shared interests. On-campus students also have access to services and resources such as residence life staff who can help if a housing issue arises. When students live in a community, they are forced to live with different people, learn more about themselves and about the others, and tell each other their stories.
On the other hand, off-campus living provides students with more independence, as they are not constrained by school housing policies. Off-campus students gain more real-world experience in areas like paying their own bills, finding renter’s insurance, cooking their own meals and negotiating or reviewing contracts. If students are choosing to live off campus, they should really think it through and talk to someone that lived off campus. Do their homework and look at all the costs before they make that decision. Make sure, too, that they are choosing people that they can live with.
At first glance, off-campus housing can appear less expensive. But the additional expenses outside of rent — like utilities, groceries, Internet access, cable and furniture — are often overlooked. To reduce off-campus costs, some students choose to overpack houses or apartments, sometimes with four or five people in a two-bedroom house. Unlike off-campus housing, the total cost of living on campus is typically all-inclusive, coveting rent, utilities, furniture, Wi-Fi and a meal plan.
12. Why do some colleges require all the students to live on campus
A. To keep them stay longer on campus for classes.
B. To make sure all students can live in shared rooms.
C. To make as much profit as possible for the colleges.
D. To monitor all of their students as easily as possible.
13. What should students do before living off campus
A. They should find someone to take care of them.
B. They should fully develop the ability to live alone.
C. They should learn all aspects of off-campus living.
D. They should seek accommodation through an agent.
14. What does the underlined word “overpack” in the last paragraph mean
A. Overlook. B. Overconsume. C. Overestimate. D. Overload.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Residential Housing At Different Colleges
B. Choice Between Housing On Or Off Campus
C. Accommodation Situation For College Students
D. Different Living Experience On Or Off Campus
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍的是大学生选择校内外住宿的优劣，并提供了选择建议，分析了校内住宿对学习的益处和校外住宿的独立生活技能需求。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But some schools don’t provide an option and require four years of on-campus living for full-time students. Living on campus has been shown to increase retention (保留) and attendance rates among freshman and second-year students, according to a 2021 report.(有些学校不提供这种选择，并要求全日制学生在校内生活四年。2021年的一份报告显示，住在校园里可以提高大一和二年级学生的留校率和出勤率。)”可知，一份报告显示，学校要求学生在校内生活能提高大一和大二学生的留效率和出勤率；由此可知，有些大学要求所有的学生都住在校园里为了让他们在上课在校园的时间更长。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Off-campus students gain more real-world experience in areas like paying their own bills, finding renter’s insurance, cooking their own meals and negotiating or reviewing contracts. If students are choosing to live off campus, they should really think it through and talk to someone that lived off campus.(校外学生在支付自己的账单、为租房者找保险、自己做饭、谈判或审查合同等方面获得了更多的实际经验。)”可知，住在校外，学生要考虑支付自己的账单，找保险、自己做饭、协商或者审查合同等方面，结合下文中的“Do their homework and look at all the costs before they make that decision. Make sure, too, that they are choosing people that they can live with.(在做决定之前，先做足功课，看看所有的成本。同时也要确保他们选择了可以一起生活的人。)”可知，作者建议选择校外居住前要做足功课，考虑所有的成本以及确保选择了可以一起生活的人；由此可知，选择校外居住前需要考虑到方方面面的问题。故选C项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“To reduce off-campus costs(为了减少校外居住的成本)”以及划线单词后的“sometimes with four or five people in a two-bedroom house(有时四五个人住在一套两居室的房子里。)”可知，为了降低成本，有些学生选择在两室的卧房里住进四五个人，说明房子里住的人太多，由此可推断，划线单词overpack的意思应与“塞满或者挤满”意思相近。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段“First-year college students often are expected or required to live in dormitories. In the rest years, it’s usually up to those students to decide whether to live on or off campus.(大学一年级的学生通常被期望或要求住在宿舍里。在剩下的几年里，通常由这些学生决定是住在校内还是校外。)”可知，大学一年级的学生要求住在宿舍，但在接下来的几年里有学生决定住在校内还是校外，结合下文介绍的校内居住和校外住宿的利和弊，并提供了相关的建议可知，本文主要介绍的是关于学生在校内和校外住房之间选择的讨论；由此可知，题目“校内居住还是校外居住的选择”与本文内容相符，且概括了本文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’re afraid to fly, you’re in good company. About 40% of Americans feel some fear at the thought of flying. ____16____ these tips can help.
____17____
Exposure therapy is the idea that being exposed to something you’re afraid of over and over again calms down your limbic system so it doesn’t fire up as fast. That could mean less anxiety in the long run.
During the night, distract yourself
When we’re really anxious, we can’t think straight. The key is to try to connect to your rational, thinking brain. When we really focus on thinking, like doing a math problem, our emotional brain calms down. Try a crossword puzzle or Sudoku, read a really juicy romance novel or get through a pile of paperwork. ____18____.
If you hit turbulence (气流), don’t force yourself to calm down
During a rough flight you might be to take slow, deep breaths to calm down. ____19____ . It’s nearly impossible to stop your fight-or-flight response, once it’s been triggered. Remind yourself that your body is having a normal response to a perceived threat.
Consult with a doctor about medication (冥想), if you feel you might need it
There are medications pretty quickly taking down anxiety. ____20____, talk with your primary care doctor or a psychiatrist. Try to think of a medication that’s not just short-term, but something that can help you bring your baseline anxiety down.
A. But don’t try to stop the experience
B. Try to hold back your feeling of fear
C. If you do need medication to get on a plane
D. Board your flight with plenty of distractions
E. Face your fear, repeatedly but in small doses
F. If you did almost anything but can’t avoid flights
G. That’s where I agree with because that experience is terrible
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何克服飞行恐惧，包括面对恐惧、分散注意力、接受恐惧和寻求医疗帮助等方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“About 40% of Americans feel some fear at the thought of flying.(大约40%的美国人一想到坐飞机就感到害怕)”引出话题，提到很多人坐飞机感到害怕。以及下文“these tips can help.(这些建议会有所帮助)”提到有帮助的建议。由此可知，F项If you did almost anything but can’t avoid flights(如果你做了几乎所有的事情，但无法避免航班)起到承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【17题详解】
由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“Exposure therapy is the idea that being exposed to something you’re afraid of over and over again calms down your limbic system so it doesn’t fire up as fast. That could mean less anxiety in the long run.(暴露疗法是指，一次又一次地暴露在你害怕的事物中，会让你的大脑边缘系统平静下来，这样它就不会那么快地兴奋起来。从长远来看，这可能意味着更少的焦虑)”可知，本段讲的是一次又一次地暴露在你害怕的事物中。由此可知，E项Face your fear, repeatedly but in small doses.(面对你的恐惧，反复但要从小做起)与本段主旨一致，能够总结该段内容。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Try a crossword puzzle or Sudoku, read a really juicy romance novel or get through a pile of paperwork.(试试填字游戏或数独游戏，读一本有趣的浪漫小说，或者处理一堆文书工作)”可知，此处提到一些分散自己的注意力的方法。由此可知，D项Board your flight with plenty of distractions.(带着很多让你分心的东西登机)和上文意思一致，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“During a rough flight, you might be to take slow, deep breaths to calm down. (在颠簸的飞行中，你可能需要缓慢地深呼吸来平静下来)”可知，此处提到遇到气流时的颠簸飞行。以及下文“It’s nearly impossible to stop your fight-or-flight response, once it’s been triggered.(一旦你的“战或逃”反应被触发，你几乎不可能停止这种反应)”说明你采取行为的结果。由此可知，A项But don’t try to stop the experience(但不要试图阻止这种体验)起到承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“There are medications pretty quickly taking down anxiety.(有些药物能很快消除焦虑)”以及下文“talk with your primary care doctor or a psychiatrist.(与你的初级保健医生或精神科医生谈谈)”可知，此处提到药物能很快消除焦虑。由此可知，C项If you do need medication to get on a plane(如果你确实需要药物才能上飞机)承接上文内容，同时和下文形成一句完整的话，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选C项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I feared it was going to be a terrible firework season this year. The bangs (巨响)____21____ before the first of July and lasted three more days. I have never been a big fan of fireworks since I was a boy. It was then that a local fair ____22____ a huge firework show near our house and I saw how the huge ____23____ terrified our dogs. I sat on the____24____ in the house with them during the whole show, holding their____25____ bodies.
I know a lot of people enjoy the____26____ light shows the fireworks can put on at times. They can be bright and beautiful. Still, I find that I____27____ the gentler lights of summers to these noisy ones. I love seeing the moon rising ____28____ above the hills in the evening. The shining stars always look so wonderful when you take the time to____29____ into the sky and watch them shine.
I also_____30_____ the beautiful, blinking lights of the fireflies (萤火虫) at this_____31_____ of year. Seeing their lovely, little lights as they_____32_____ around always fills my heart with joy and light as well. It feeds my soul and reminds me of what a glorious_____33_____ we live in.
I think we all might do better to develop and grow the gentler_____34_____ within ourselves. They are meant to be_____35_____ with others. They are meant to be shined
21. A. bounced B. resounded C. ripened D. resigned
22. A. launched B. assessed C. canceled D. assigned
23. A. bonus B. noise C. sight D. feast
24. A. carpet B. fountain C. grass D. roof
25. A. frightening B. exciting C. calming D. trembling
26. A. subsequent B. vivid C. single D. primitive
27. A. prefer B. apply C. compare D. devote
28. A. initially B. substantially C. slowly D. obviously
29. A. break down B. look up C. rise up D. flow away
30. A. seize B. release C. raise D. fancy
31. A. time B. age C. edge D. mercy
32. A. lie B. flee C. fly D. stick
33. A. world B. community C. dream D. flat
34. A. sounds B. levels C. lights D. images
35. A. helped B. shared C. compared D. communicated
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者对烟花的看法，他认为烟花太吵了，他更喜欢看月亮，星星和萤火虫的光芒，他认为这些光芒能够让人感到温暖，让人们的心里充满喜悦。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在7月1日之前，砰砰声响彻大地，又持续了三天。A. bounced反弹；B. resounded回响；C. ripened成熟；D. resigned辞职。根据上文“I feared it was going to be a terrible firework season this year.”提到作者害怕烟花的季节。以及下文“and lasted three more days.”由此可知，此处应表示爆炸声响彻大地，并持续了三天多。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，一个当地的集市在我们家附近举行了一场盛大的烟花表演，我看到了巨大的噪音是如何把我们的狗吓坏的。A. launched举办；B. assessed评价；C. canceled取消；D. assigned分配。根据下文“a huge firework show”由此可知，此处应表示一个当地的集市在我们家附近举行了一场盛大的烟花表演。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，一个当地的集市在我们家附近举行了一场盛大的烟花表演，我看到了巨大的噪音是如何把我们的狗吓坏的。A. bonus奖金；B. noise噪音；C. sight视野；D. feast盛宴。根据上文提到的举行了一场盛大的烟花表演，以及下文“terrified our dogs.”由此可知，此处应表示作者看到了巨大的噪音是如何把狗吓坏的。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个演出期间，我和它们一起坐在屋子的地毯上，抱着它们颤抖的身体。A. carpet地毯；B. fountain喷泉；C. grass草地上；D. roof屋顶。根据常识以及上文“I sat on”和下文“in the house”由此可知，此处应表示作者和他的狗狗们一起坐在屋子的地毯上。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整个演出期间，我和它们一起坐在屋子的地毯上，抱着它们颤抖的身体。A. frightening害怕的；B. exciting激动的；C. calming镇静的；D. trembling颤抖的。根据上文“I saw how the huge noise terrified our dogs.”提到作者看到了巨大的噪音是如何把狗吓坏的，由此可知，此处应表示作者抱着狗狗们颤抖的身体。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道很多人喜欢生动的灯光表演，有时可以放烟花。A. subsequent随后的；B. vivid生动的；C. single单一的；D. primitive原始的。根据下文“light shows the fireworks can put on at times.”由此可知，此处应表示作者知道很多人喜欢生动的灯光表演，有时可以放烟花。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，我发现我更喜欢夏天柔和的光，而不是这些嘈杂的光。A. prefer更喜欢；B. apply运用，申请；C. compare比较；D. devote贡献。根据下文“the gentler lights of summers to these noisy ones.”提到夏天柔和的光以及嘈杂的光，由此可知，此处应表示作者更喜欢夏天柔和的光，而不是这些嘈杂的光。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢看月亮在晚上慢慢地从山上升起。A. initially最初；B. substantially大量地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. obviously明显地。根据上文“I love seeing the moon rising”以及下文“above the hills in the evening.”由此可知，此处应表示作者喜欢看月亮在晚上慢慢地从山上升起。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当你花时间仰望天空，看着它们闪耀的时候，闪烁的星星总是那么美妙。A. break down分解，坏掉；B. look up仰望；C. rise up起来；D. flow away流走。根据上文“The shining stars always look so wonderful”提到闪烁的星星总是那么美妙，由此可知，此处应表示作者仰望天空，看着闪烁的星星。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还幻想着每年这个时候萤火虫闪烁的美丽光芒。A. seize抓住；B. release释放；C. raise提高；D. fancy幻想。根据句意以及下文“the beautiful, blinking lights of the fireflies (萤火虫) at this____11____ of year.”由此可知，此处应表示作者幻想着每年这个时候萤火虫闪烁的美丽光芒。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还幻想着每年这个时候萤火虫闪烁的美丽光芒。A. time时间；B. age年龄；C. edge边缘；D. mercy怜悯。根据上文提到的作者更喜欢夏天柔和的光，而不是这些嘈杂的光。以及该句中的“blinking lights of the fireflies”由此可知，此处应表示作者幻想着每年这个时候萤火虫闪烁的美丽光芒。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到他们可爱的小灯，当他们飞来飞去时，我的心也充满了快乐和光明。A. lie躺；B. flee逃跑；C. fly飞；D. stick坚持。根据常识以及下文“fills my heart with joy and light as well.”由此可知，此处应表示当萤火虫飞来飞去时，作者内心充满了快乐和光明。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它滋养了我的灵魂，提醒我我们生活在一个多么美好的世界。A. world世界；B. community社区；C. dream梦想；D. flat公寓。根据句意以及下文“we live in”由此可知，此处应表示萤火虫发出的亮光，滋养了作者的灵魂，提醒我作者生活在一个多么美好的世界。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为我们都可以更好地发展和培养自己内心的温和之光。A. sounds声音；B. levels水平；C. lights光；D. images形象。根据上文内容可知，文章一直围绕“lights”光而展开的，由此可知，此处应表示作者认为我们都可以更好地发展和培养自己内心的温和之光。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们是用来与他人分享的。A. helped帮助；B. shared分享；C. compared比较；D. communicated交流。根据句意以及下文“They are meant to be shined.”由此可知，此处应表示这些温和之光是用来与他人分享的。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 16-year-old girl from Changsha, Hunan Province, reached the top of Qomolangma with success, ____36____(become) the youngest Chinese female to conquer (征服) the world’s highest mountain from the southern slope.
Xu is a first-year high school student. In April, she left Changsha for Nepal, began her trek(涉) from Lukla, arrived at the base camp____37____ started her altitude adjustment training. At 10 pm Beijing time on May 14, Xu started trekking from Camp 4 at____38____ altitude of 7, 950 meters. After a hard 10-hour climb, she____39____(successful) reached the top.
Xu’s father was the first person from Hunan Province____40____(reach) the top of Qomolangma. Influenced by her father, Xu ____41____(explore)remote areas with him since she was very young. Despite her young age, Xu has already climbed five mountains over 5, 000 meters in China. Although Xu has rich climbing experience, she gets high-intensity____42____(profession) training non-stop to conquer Qomolangma. Last year, she climbed Mount Muztagata, ____43____ stands 7, 546 meters.
”Human beings____44____(be)small in the face of nature. We should respect nature and get closer to Qomolangma,” said Xu. She hopes to conquer the highest peak in each of the seven _____45_____(continent)and to be able to reach the North Pole and South Pole one day.
【答案】36. becoming
37. and 38. an
39. successfully
40. to reach
41. has been exploring##has explored
42. professional
43. which 44. are
45. continents
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了长沙16岁的女孩徐卓媛成功登顶珠峰的故事。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：来自湖南省长沙市的一名16岁女孩成功登顶珠峰，成为从南坡登顶世界最高峰的最年轻的中国女性。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，become和逻辑主语A 16-year-old girl为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填becoming。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：今年4月，她离开长沙前往尼泊尔，从卢卡开始了长途跋涉，到达大本营，开始了她的海拔调整训练。根据句意可知，此处为连词and连接前后两个谓语动词，保持并列关系。故填and。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：北京时间5月14日晚上10点，徐从海拔7950米的4号营地开始徒步旅行。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语at an altitude of…“在……高度”，满足句意要求，所以此处为冠词an的填入。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：经过10个小时的艰苦攀登，她成功地到达了山顶。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词successfully作状语修饰动词reached。故填successfully。
【40题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：徐的父亲是湖南第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰的人。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰person，the first person…to do“第一个做……的人”为惯用表达。故填to reach。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：受父亲的影响，徐从小就跟随父亲到偏远地区探险。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意以及该句since可知，此处为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，主语Xu为第三人称单数，所以为动词三单形式。故填has been exploring/has explored。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然有丰富的登山经验，但为了征服珠穆朗玛峰，她一直在接受高强度的专业训练。由空后training为名词可知，此处为形容词professional“专业的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填professional。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：去年，她登上了海拔7546米的穆兹塔加塔山。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Mount Muztagata在从句中作主语成分。故填which。
44题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在大自然面前，人类是渺小的。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由该句为引语可知，此处应为一般现在时，主语Human beings为复数意义名词，所以为动词复数形式。故填are。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数形式。句意：她希望能够征服七大洲的最高峰，并有一天能够到达北极和南极。由空前seven可知，此处为名词复数形式。故填continents。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英语报正在进行题为“My Greatest Happiness”的英语征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.你最大的快乐;
2.你快乐的源泉。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Greatest Happiness
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
My Greatest Happiness
I love spending time with my family because it brings us closer together. I find I develop greater love for them as the years pass, despite our differences or disagreements. I can always depend upon them in times of difficulty. I love family dinners, which have always been the greatest happiness in my life. I love how everyone gets together and we talk over the meal. The conversation doesn’t have to be relevantly important; mostly we talk about our day and each other. Lots of laughter is involved and everyone feels loved and included. That’s what makes us so happy. Family is constant, and so is my happiness.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校英语报正在进行题为“My Greatest Happiness”的英语征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
依赖：depend upon→rely on
尽管：despite→in spite of
重要的：important→vital
快乐：happy→pleased
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I find I develop greater love for them as the years pass despite our differences or disagreements.
拓展句：Although we sometimes disagree with each other, I find I develop greater love for them as the years pass.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I love spending time with my family because it brings us closer together. (运用了because引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] That’s what makes us so happy. (运用了what引导表语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Hi, Connie.”My sister-in-law’s familiar bright and clear voice greeted me from the other end of the phone line early one Monday afternoon. “Mom and I just finished baking banana bread, and we’d love to bring you out a warm loaf. Can you have the coffee on in half an hour ”
Since thoughts of my mother-in-law’s freshly baked banana bread clouded my sensibilities and made me unable to think of an excuse, I replied in my cheeriest voice, “Of course, come on up. I’ll be here!”
What was I thinking I can’t let my mother-in-law see the house like this! She’s under the impression that I’m perfect. I had to attempt to clean the house within thirty minutes. The past week, however, had been even busier than usual with running my five very active kids back and forth for extra-curricular activities. As a result, the house was neglected.
To add to my awkward situation, I had spent the morning sitting in the garden drinking coffee in an effort to recover from the rushed weekend of activities. But I told myself, “Where there’s a will, there’s a way. Then I put my words into action!
I cleaned up the kitchen in ten minutes. Things were looking good, and I still had twenty minutes remaining. I quickly swept the living room, throwing toys into the toy box as I worked my way across the floor. Glancing at the clock on my way upstairs to the kids’ bedrooms, I was relieved to find I had five minutes to spare. That gave me just enough time to tidy up the bathroom and run a brush through my hair.
Whew! I did it! I put on a fresh pot of coffee, and since my guests hadn’t yet arrived, I decided to wipe off the chicken eggs I had gathered after taking the kids to the bus stop. It would be a nice gesture to give them some eggs in return for the banana bread.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was finishing the last egg when I heard a knock at the door behind me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But that smile was short-lived when my oldest son ran through the front door.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I was finishing the last egg when I heard a knock at the door behind me. I led them in and couldn’t help smiling when the first words out of my sister-in-law’s mouth were, “Wow, your house is so tidy, and you even have time to wash eggs!” We entered the dining room and sat down at the table. As I excused myself to go back into the kitchen to get the coffee and put the delicious bread on a platter, I heard them whispering that they didn’t understand how I did it with five kids. I felt such a wonderful sense of satisfaction and a big smile spread across my face.
But that smile was short-lived when my oldest son ran through the front door. With a look of shock on his face, he loudly asked, “Mom, who cleaned the house ” My mouth fell open, and I did what any mother of a smart-mouthed teenager would do. I cleverly suggested, “Sit down and have some of Grandma’s delicious banana bread, son!” Then I quickly changed the subject and gave my son a warning look. He received my signal and went to greet his grandma and aunt with a big smile.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者丈夫的姐姐和作者的婆婆要给作者送一些香蕉面包，作者内心是不愿意让她们来的，因为过去的一周很 忙碌，没有时间收拾家里，以至于家里很乱，而一直以来作者给婆婆的印象都是完美的。在作者不得已答应让她们来后，作者在三十分钟内把房子打扫赶紧以欢迎她们的到来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我完成最后一个鸡蛋时，我听到身后有人敲门。”可知，第一段可描写婆婆和姐姐到来后看到屋子很干净，夸赞作者，作者感到很高兴且很满足。
②由第二段首句内容“但当我的大儿子跑进前门时，这种微笑很快就消失了。”可知，第二段可描写作者的大儿子回来看到屋子很干净，不禁惊叹，问是谁打扫的屋子，作者赶紧转移话题，避免了尴尬。
2.续写线索：她们到来——看到屋子很干净夸赞作者——作者感到高兴且满足——大儿子回来，问谁打扫的屋子——作者转移话题——儿子领会到作者的意思，于是自己的奶奶和姑姑打招呼
3.词汇激活行为类
①进入：enter/go into
②返回：go back into/return
③建议：suggest/advise
情绪类
①满足：satisfaction/content
②震惊：shock/astonishment
【点睛】[高分句型1] I led them in and couldn’t help smiling when the first words out of my sister-in-law’s mouth were, “Wow, your house is so tidy, and you even have time to wash eggs!” （由when引导的状语从句）
[高分句型2]As I excused myself to go back into the kitchen to get the coffee and put the delicious bread on a platter, I heard them whispering that they didn’t understand how I did it with five kids. （由as引导的状语从句和that引导的宾语从句以及how引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型3] With a look of shock on his face, he loudly asked, “Mom, who cleaned the house ”（运用了with复合结构）
