人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters 词汇课件(共89张PPT)
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(共89张PPT)
Ⅵ. 阅读填句
(2021·潍坊高一检测)
If you live in a place where most people speak the language you are learning, you may use the language for several hours each day. But you may not have these chances to practice English. You may even be self-taught. 1 It is not very difficult, but it does take effort and practice.
Think in single words.
2 In your head, try to name each object in your surroundings. As you continue with this, it becomes more of a habit, so things are going to pop up into your head–computer, telephone, chair, and desk. Whatever it is, wherever you are. You can also do this at home when you wake up and before you go to sleep.
3
Another exercise is describing in your mind objects you don’t know the words for. An example would be if you couldn’t think of the word “garage, ” Hinshaw says. “If you’re looking at your house and you see your garage, but you can’t think of the name in English. You can say, “The place inside where I put my car. ”
Think in sentences.
The next exercise is thinking in simple sentences. For example, if you are sitting in a park, you can tell yourself things like, “It’s such a beautiful day” and “People are playing sports with their friends. ” 4
Describe your day.
Another exercise experts suggest is to describe your daily activities. You can mentally make plans in the morning when you wake up. 5 So the skill level is a little higher.
A. Describe unknown words.
B. Guess the meaning of a new word.
C. This would require future verb tenses.
D. A good first step is to think in individual words.
E. Hinshaw says doing this can help learners of any language.
F. Once this becomes easy, you can move on to more difficult sentences.
G. The good news is that thinking in English can bring you a huge step closer to fluency!
Ⅶ. 完形填空
(2021·武汉高一检测)
The snow trapped Taylor, but taco sauce (卷饼酱) saved his life. It all began last Sunday when Taylor, along with his dog, went to get gas for his car , according to the Sheriff’s Office.
Taylor told the police his car got stuck in the snow. After some time, he then 3 and woke up on Monday finding 4 more snow, unable to get out of the vehicle (车辆). He tried to 5 out on Monday, but the snow was too deep and made it 6 to go on foot so he and his dog 7 to the vehicle.
By Wednesday, a missing person’s announcement was put out for Taylor, according to a report. Over the next few days 9 he was trapped in the snow, Taylor told the police he stayed warm by “starting his car from time to time”. He 11 some of the taco sauce he had as food.
On Friday, a skater called 911 saying they had 12 Taylor. The office soon sent a construction truck to 13 out Taylor and his dog. The officers said they were just “hungry after being stuck in the 14 for five days”. Taylor was thankful to who helped him and determined to help others as possible as he could in the future.
1. A. truck B. bus C. car D. boat
2. A. broken B. stuck C. lost D. changed
3. A. fell asleep B. took risks C. tried out D. kept on
4. A. also B. almost C. still D. even
5. A. put B. call C. break D. walk
6. A. difficult B. boring C. important D. possible
7. A. returned B. pointed C. tended D. appealed
8. A. learning B. working C. missing D. traveling
9. A. until B. after C. before D. unless
10. A. clean B. hot C. warm D. mild
11. A. bought B. ate C. made D. borrowed
12. A. seen B. saved C. known D. paid
13. A. send B. dig C. pick D. tick
14. A. clay B. typhoon C. thunderstorm D. snow
15. A. desperate B. awkward C. thankful D. ashamed
Unit 4
Natural Disasters
Vocabulary-1
教学目标：
1.通过老师的讲解，能够掌握核心词汇和短语的用法
2.通过练习，能够灵活运用核心词汇和短语的用法
学习目标
1. rescue n. &vt. 营救; 救援
rescue n.&vt. [ reskju ]
rescue teams/workers 救援队/人员
rescue. . . from. . . 把……从……营救出来
Seeing that the boys ____________ by the sailors, the captain cracked a big smile.
看到男孩们被那些水手营救, 舰长露出了灿烂的笑容。
were rescued
(1)be badly/seriously damaged 严重受损
(2)do /cause damage to. . . 给……带来/造成损害
damage [ d m d ]
2. damage vt. 损害; 破坏 n. 损坏; 损失
①Many of the houses __________________, leaving over 100 people homeless.
很多房屋遭受严重损坏, 使100多人无家可归。
②The people gathering in some famous places have ________________ the relics and led to the poor service quality.
聚集在名胜古迹的人们对历史遗迹造成了损害, 并导致服务质量差。
were badly damaged
caused damage to
3. affect vt. 影响; (疾病)侵袭; 深深打动
affect vt. [ fekt]
①Apparently, blindly following other’s advice will affect our own judgement.
3. affect vt. 影响; (疾病)侵袭; 深深打动
affect vt. [ fekt]
①Apparently, blindly following other’s advice will affect our own judgement.
②The disease affects millions of people in the world every year.
3. affect vt. 影响; (疾病)侵袭; 深深打动
affect vt. [ fekt]
be affected by. . . 被……打动/影响
affection n. 喜爱; 爱情
①Apparently, blindly following other’s advice will affect our own judgement.
②The disease affects millions of people in the world every year.
①Our life ____________________ if we are addicted to the Internet.
如果我们对网络上瘾, 我们的生活将会受到巨大的影响。
will be greatly affected
4. effect n. 影响; 结果；效果
effect n. [ 'fekt]
have an ... effect on ... 对.......产生.......影响
come into effect = take effect 开始起作用，开始实施/生效
side effects 副作用
effective adj.有效的，实际的
effectively adv.有效地，实际上
Every word from the parents will _______________ the child.
家长说的每句话都将对孩子产生影响。
have an effect on
【易混辨析】
affect 动词，“影响”，这一词义还可以引申为“感动, 感染”
effect 名词, “影响”，常用于词组have an effect on中, 意思相当于affect。
influence 既可用作名词, 也可用作动词, 常用的短语搭配: have an influence on sb. /sth. 意为“对某人/某事物有影响”
5. shelter n. 避难处; 庇护所 vt. 保护; 掩蔽 vi. 躲避(风雨或危险)
shelter [ elt (r)]
take shelter from wind/rain 躲避风/雨
shelter sb. /sth. from 保护某人/某物(免受……)
This kind of newly developed armor can __________________ gunfire.
这种新开发的铠甲能够保护士兵免受枪击。
shelter soldiers from
ruin one’s health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途
fall into ruin 衰落，毁灭
be in ruins 成为废墟
the ruins of... ......的遗迹
ruin n. &vt. [ ru n]
6. ruin vt. &n. 破坏; 毁坏
①The whole village __________, except a heavily damaged church.
除了一座受损严重的教堂之外, 整个村子沦为废墟。
②The blockhouse soon ___________ after being hit by a missile.
在被一颗导弹击中后, 碉堡很快毁坏。
was in ruins
fell into ruin
【易混辨析】
ruin 一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏, 但往往是非暴力的, 也不是一次打击的结果。常指美好的或希望中的事物的破坏
destroy 指彻底的损坏, 常含不能或很难修复的意思。可接人, 也可以接物
damage 损坏、毁坏, 指部分损坏, 降低某物的价值。通常接物
【巧学助记】 种种“破坏”
destroy 摧毁（不可修复,指人，指物）
damage 损坏（可修复，只可指物）
ruin 毁坏（名誉，名声）
(1)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的
shock [ k]
9. shock vt. (使)震惊 n. 震惊; 令人震惊的事;
9. shock vt. (使)震惊 n. 震惊; 令人震惊的事;
(1)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的
shock [ k]
(1)in shock 震惊; 吃惊
(2)be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊
(3)be shocked to do sth. /that. . . 对做某事感到震惊
(4)It is shocking that. . . 令人吃惊的是……
①However, when we reached the top, we ______________ see litter here and
there.
然而, 当我到达山顶的时候, 我们很震惊地看到到处是垃圾。
②They think that fresh water is enough for use, which leads to a ________ waste of
water.
他们认为淡水足够使用, 这导致了水资源浪费非常令人震惊。
were shocked to
shocking
令人ing, 感到加ed.
(1)be trapped in. . . 被困于……
(2)set a trap 设置陷阱/布下圈套
(3)fall into a trap 落入圈套
trap [tr p]
10. trap vt. 使落入险境; 使陷入圈套 n. 险境; 陷阱
①(2018·北京高考)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________
_______ （trap) in the mountains for two days.
一位救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山上两天的游客。
had been
trapped
be buried under/in. . . 被埋在……
bury one’s face/ head in one’s hands 双手掩面/捂头
埋头于/专心于……
= focus on = concetrate on=pay attention to=be absorbed in=be immersed in
bury vt. [ beri]
11. bury vt. 埋葬; 安葬
①He just sat there, _________________________.
他只是坐在那里, 双手掩面。(bury one’s face in one’s hands)
burying his face in his hands
doing与句子主语为逻辑上的主动关系，与句子谓语动词动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生。
make an effort/efforts 做出努力
make every effort to do sth. 尽全力去做某事
spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事
without effort 毫不费力地
effort [ ef t]
12. effort n. 努力; 艰难的尝试; 尽力
①Now that it is so important to me, I have to _____________ to prepare for IELTS.
既然对我如此重要, 我就要努力准备雅思考试。
②Faced with the disaster, many people including doctors, nurses and scientists
_______________ fight against it.
面对这场灾难, 很多人, 包括医生, 护士和科学家不遗余力与之斗争。
make an effort
spare no effort to
suffer v. [ s f (r)]
suffering n. 疼痛，折磨；痛苦，苦恼（集合名词）
sufferer n. 受难者; 患病者
13. suffer vt. 遭受， 蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
(1)suffer pain/defeat/hardship 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难
(2)suffer from
suffer v. [ s f (r)]
a serious illness 患重病
a headache/toothache受头疼/牙疼之苦
受……折磨
患……病
suffering n. 疼痛，折磨；痛苦，苦恼（集合名词）
sufferer n. 受难者; 患病者
13. suffer vt. 遭受， 蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
suffer 与 suffer from的辨析
(1)suffer后常加的名词多指抽象的损害、痛苦等,
如suffer pain/defeat“遭受痛苦/失败”。
(2)suffer from常加具体的不幸或痛苦的名词, 表示遭受战争、自然灾害、疾病带来的痛苦。
如suffer from hunger/flood/fever/cold/disease “遭受饥饿/洪水/发烧/感冒/疾病”。
①We all will ______________ in our life, but we should stick to our dream and work
hard to realise it.
人生中, 我们都会遭受艰难, 但是我们应该坚持梦想, 并努力实现我们的梦想。
②These days we human beings have been experiencing the _________ of a terrible
disease—COVID-19.
这些天, 我们人类正经受着一种可怕的疾病——新冠肺炎的折磨。
suffer hardship
sufferings
e to an end 结束
(经典例句)时间飞逝! 高中第一年即将结束。
How time flies! The first senior high school year is coming to an end.
come to an end
e to an end 结束
come to an end
in the end 最后, 终于 = at last
end up doing sth. 最终……; 以做某事结束
at the end of 在……的末尾(空间和时间)
by the end of 到……末尾为止
后接将来时间时, 与将来完成时连用;
后接过去时间时, 与过去完成时连用。
①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I’ve got to produce this product and then, ___________ the year,
present it to NASA.
我生产了这个产品, 随后在年底, 我把它赠送给了NASA。
②Please give them back to me ____________ this month.
请在这个月底前把它们还给我, 到时我得把这些书归还。
③_________, I sincerely hope that this year’s activity will be held very
successfully.
最后, 我真诚希望今年的活动成功举办。
at the end of
by the end of
In the end
写作结尾句：
In the end, I sincerely hope that you will be able to come.
In the end, I sincerely hope that I may obtain an opportunity to……
In the end, I sincerely hope that you will find these suggestions/proposals/recommendations helpful.
In the end, I sincerely hope that the information is of benefit to you.
15. go through 经历，遭受；浏览，查阅；通过(考试)
go through
1. go through the disaster
2. go through the draft
3. go through the driving test
经历，遭受
浏览，查阅
通过(考试)
supply [s pla ]
16. supply vt. 供应，供给 n.供应（量）；补给；
supply sth for（to）sb = supply sb with sth 向某人提供某物
a supply of.... ......的供应
in short supply 供应短缺
survive [s va v]
17. survive vi.&vt. 活下来，幸存; 艰难度过
survival n.幸存，生存
survivor n.幸存者，生还者
survive [s va v]
17. survive vi.&vt. 活下来，幸存; 艰难度过
survival n.幸存，生存
survivor n.幸存者，生还者
survive the accident/ war 在事故中/战争中存活
survive on sth. ... 依靠......生活
survive sb. by + 时间 比某人多活......
power [ pa (r)]
18. power n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力
(1)a power failure 停电
a power plant 发电厂
(2) be in power 执政
come to power 开始掌权
within one’s power 在某人能力范围之内
beyond/out of one’s power 某人能力所不能及
aid [e d]
19. aid v. 援助 n.援助，救援物资
first aid 急救
aid sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
deliver [d l v (r)]
20.deliver vi.&vt.传递，传送;vt.发表;
deliver/give/make a speech 发表演讲
delivery guy n. 外卖员
delivery n. 送货，配送
认知词汇
02
认知词汇
1.disaster[d zɑ st (r)] n. 灾难;灾祸;灾害
2. tornado [t ne d ] n.龙卷风;旋风
3.drought [dra t] n. 旱灾；久旱
5.landslide [ l ndsla d] n. 崩塌，滑坡，
5.slide [sla d] n. 滑行；滑动
6.tsunami [tsu nɑ mi] n.海啸;
7.flood [fl d] n.洪水;大量(的人或事物)
vi.淹没;大量涌入;vt.(使)灌满水;淹没;
8. volcanic eruption [v l k n k 'r p ( )n]火山爆发
9. magnitude [ m ɡn tju d] n.震级；重大
10. evacuate[ v kjue t] v.撤离
11.helicopter[ hel k pt (r)] n.直升机
12. death[deθ]n.死;死亡
die v.死亡
dying 临终的，垂死的
13. crack[kr k]n.裂纹
14.gas[ɡ s]n.气体;气体
15. percent[p s nt]n.百分比
16. brick[br k]n.砖
17. metal[ metl]n.金属
18. electricity[ lek tr s ti]n.电
19. breathe[bri ]v.呼吸
20. revive[r va v]v.复活，使苏醒
21.unify[ ju n fa ]vt.统一
22. wisdom[ w zd m]n.智慧
23. context[ k ntekst]n.上下文;语境
24. typhoon[ta fu n] n.台风
25. hurricane[ h r k n]n.飓风
26.tap[t p]n.水龙头;轻敲;轻扣;
v.轻敲;轻拍
27. pipe[pa p]n.管;管道
28. whistle[ w sl]v.吹口哨n.哨子;口哨
29. emergency[i m d nsi]n.突发事件;紧急情况
30. aid[e d]n.帮助v.援助
31.first aid kit 急救箱
32. crash[kr ]n.崩溃;碰撞v.碰撞
33. sweep[swi p]v.打扫
34. wave[we v]n.波动;波浪v.挥手
35.strike[stra k]n.罢工;袭击;罢课v.击;打;撞击
36. summary[ s m ri]n.总结;概括
37. length[le θ]n.长;长度
strength
n.力量
strong
adj.强壮的
-th, 名词后缀
-en, 动词后缀
strengthen
v.加强
long adj.长的
wide adj.宽的
deep adj. 深的
broad adj. 宽阔的
length n.长度
lengthen v.（使）变长
width n.宽度
widen v.变宽
depth n.深度
deepen v.加深
breadth n.宽度
broaden v.变宽
Ⅵ. 阅读填句
(2021·潍坊高一检测)
If you live in a place where most people speak the language you are learning, you may use the language for several hours each day. But you may not have these chances to practice English. You may even be self-taught. 1 It is not very difficult, but it does take effort and practice.
Think in single words.
2 In your head, try to name each object in your surroundings. As you continue with this, it becomes more of a habit, so things are going to pop up into your head–computer, telephone, chair, and desk. Whatever it is, wherever you are. You can also do this at home when you wake up and before you go to sleep.
3
Another exercise is describing in your mind objects you don’t know the words for. An example would be if you couldn’t think of the word “garage, ” Hinshaw says. “If you’re looking at your house and you see your garage, but you can’t think of the name in English. You can say, “The place inside where I put my car. ”
Think in sentences.
The next exercise is thinking in simple sentences. For example, if you are sitting in a park, you can tell yourself things like, “It’s such a beautiful day” and “People are playing sports with their friends. ” 4
Describe your day.
Another exercise experts suggest is to describe your daily activities. You can mentally make plans in the morning when you wake up. 5 So the skill level is a little higher.
A. Describe unknown words.
B. Guess the meaning of a new word.
C. This would require future verb tenses.
D. A good first step is to think in individual words.
E. Hinshaw says doing this can help learners of any language.
F. Once this becomes easy, you can move on to more difficult sentences.
G. The good news is that thinking in English can bring you a huge step closer to fluency!
Ⅶ. 完形填空
(2021·武汉高一检测)
The snow trapped Taylor, but taco sauce (卷饼酱) saved his life. It all began last Sunday when Taylor, along with his dog, went to get gas for his car , according to the Sheriff’s Office.
Taylor told the police his car got stuck in the snow. After some time, he then 3 and woke up on Monday finding 4 more snow, unable to get out of the vehicle (车辆). He tried to 5 out on Monday, but the snow was too deep and made it 6 to go on foot so he and his dog 7 to the vehicle.
By Wednesday, a missing person’s announcement was put out for Taylor, according to a report. Over the next few days 9 he was trapped in the snow, Taylor told the police he stayed warm by “starting his car from time to time”. He 11 some of the taco sauce he had as food.
On Friday, a skater called 911 saying they had 12 Taylor. The office soon sent a construction truck to 13 out Taylor and his dog. The officers said they were just “hungry after being stuck in the 14 for five days”. Taylor was thankful to who helped him and determined to help others as possible as he could in the future.
1. A. truck B. bus C. car D. boat
2. A. broken B. stuck C. lost D. changed
3. A. fell asleep B. took risks C. tried out D. kept on
4. A. also B. almost C. still D. even
5. A. put B. call C. break D. walk
6. A. difficult B. boring C. important D. possible
7. A. returned B. pointed C. tended D. appealed
8. A. learning B. working C. missing D. traveling
9. A. until B. after C. before D. unless
10. A. clean B. hot C. warm D. mild
11. A. bought B. ate C. made D. borrowed
12. A. seen B. saved C. known D. paid
13. A. send B. dig C. pick D. tick
14. A. clay B. typhoon C. thunderstorm D. snow
15. A. desperate B. awkward C. thankful D. ashamed
Unit 4
Natural Disasters
Vocabulary-1
教学目标：
1.通过老师的讲解，能够掌握核心词汇和短语的用法
2.通过练习，能够灵活运用核心词汇和短语的用法
学习目标
1. rescue n. &vt. 营救; 救援
rescue n.&vt. [ reskju ]
rescue teams/workers 救援队/人员
rescue. . . from. . . 把……从……营救出来
Seeing that the boys ____________ by the sailors, the captain cracked a big smile.
看到男孩们被那些水手营救, 舰长露出了灿烂的笑容。
were rescued
(1)be badly/seriously damaged 严重受损
(2)do /cause damage to. . . 给……带来/造成损害
damage [ d m d ]
2. damage vt. 损害; 破坏 n. 损坏; 损失
①Many of the houses __________________, leaving over 100 people homeless.
很多房屋遭受严重损坏, 使100多人无家可归。
②The people gathering in some famous places have ________________ the relics and led to the poor service quality.
聚集在名胜古迹的人们对历史遗迹造成了损害, 并导致服务质量差。
were badly damaged
caused damage to
3. affect vt. 影响; (疾病)侵袭; 深深打动
affect vt. [ fekt]
①Apparently, blindly following other’s advice will affect our own judgement.
3. affect vt. 影响; (疾病)侵袭; 深深打动
affect vt. [ fekt]
①Apparently, blindly following other’s advice will affect our own judgement.
②The disease affects millions of people in the world every year.
3. affect vt. 影响; (疾病)侵袭; 深深打动
affect vt. [ fekt]
be affected by. . . 被……打动/影响
affection n. 喜爱; 爱情
①Apparently, blindly following other’s advice will affect our own judgement.
②The disease affects millions of people in the world every year.
①Our life ____________________ if we are addicted to the Internet.
如果我们对网络上瘾, 我们的生活将会受到巨大的影响。
will be greatly affected
4. effect n. 影响; 结果；效果
effect n. [ 'fekt]
have an ... effect on ... 对.......产生.......影响
come into effect = take effect 开始起作用，开始实施/生效
side effects 副作用
effective adj.有效的，实际的
effectively adv.有效地，实际上
Every word from the parents will _______________ the child.
家长说的每句话都将对孩子产生影响。
have an effect on
【易混辨析】
affect 动词，“影响”，这一词义还可以引申为“感动, 感染”
effect 名词, “影响”，常用于词组have an effect on中, 意思相当于affect。
influence 既可用作名词, 也可用作动词, 常用的短语搭配: have an influence on sb. /sth. 意为“对某人/某事物有影响”
5. shelter n. 避难处; 庇护所 vt. 保护; 掩蔽 vi. 躲避(风雨或危险)
shelter [ elt (r)]
take shelter from wind/rain 躲避风/雨
shelter sb. /sth. from 保护某人/某物(免受……)
This kind of newly developed armor can __________________ gunfire.
这种新开发的铠甲能够保护士兵免受枪击。
shelter soldiers from
ruin one’s health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途
fall into ruin 衰落，毁灭
be in ruins 成为废墟
the ruins of... ......的遗迹
ruin n. &vt. [ ru n]
6. ruin vt. &n. 破坏; 毁坏
①The whole village __________, except a heavily damaged church.
除了一座受损严重的教堂之外, 整个村子沦为废墟。
②The blockhouse soon ___________ after being hit by a missile.
在被一颗导弹击中后, 碉堡很快毁坏。
was in ruins
fell into ruin
【易混辨析】
ruin 一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏, 但往往是非暴力的, 也不是一次打击的结果。常指美好的或希望中的事物的破坏
destroy 指彻底的损坏, 常含不能或很难修复的意思。可接人, 也可以接物
damage 损坏、毁坏, 指部分损坏, 降低某物的价值。通常接物
【巧学助记】 种种“破坏”
destroy 摧毁（不可修复,指人，指物）
damage 损坏（可修复，只可指物）
ruin 毁坏（名誉，名声）
(1)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的
shock [ k]
9. shock vt. (使)震惊 n. 震惊; 令人震惊的事;
9. shock vt. (使)震惊 n. 震惊; 令人震惊的事;
(1)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的
shock [ k]
(1)in shock 震惊; 吃惊
(2)be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊
(3)be shocked to do sth. /that. . . 对做某事感到震惊
(4)It is shocking that. . . 令人吃惊的是……
①However, when we reached the top, we ______________ see litter here and
there.
然而, 当我到达山顶的时候, 我们很震惊地看到到处是垃圾。
②They think that fresh water is enough for use, which leads to a ________ waste of
water.
他们认为淡水足够使用, 这导致了水资源浪费非常令人震惊。
were shocked to
shocking
令人ing, 感到加ed.
(1)be trapped in. . . 被困于……
(2)set a trap 设置陷阱/布下圈套
(3)fall into a trap 落入圈套
trap [tr p]
10. trap vt. 使落入险境; 使陷入圈套 n. 险境; 陷阱
①(2018·北京高考)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________
_______ （trap) in the mountains for two days.
一位救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山上两天的游客。
had been
trapped
be buried under/in. . . 被埋在……
bury one’s face/ head in one’s hands 双手掩面/捂头
埋头于/专心于……
= focus on = concetrate on=pay attention to=be absorbed in=be immersed in
bury vt. [ beri]
11. bury vt. 埋葬; 安葬
①He just sat there, _________________________.
他只是坐在那里, 双手掩面。(bury one’s face in one’s hands)
burying his face in his hands
doing与句子主语为逻辑上的主动关系，与句子谓语动词动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生。
make an effort/efforts 做出努力
make every effort to do sth. 尽全力去做某事
spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事
without effort 毫不费力地
effort [ ef t]
12. effort n. 努力; 艰难的尝试; 尽力
①Now that it is so important to me, I have to _____________ to prepare for IELTS.
既然对我如此重要, 我就要努力准备雅思考试。
②Faced with the disaster, many people including doctors, nurses and scientists
_______________ fight against it.
面对这场灾难, 很多人, 包括医生, 护士和科学家不遗余力与之斗争。
make an effort
spare no effort to
suffer v. [ s f (r)]
suffering n. 疼痛，折磨；痛苦，苦恼（集合名词）
sufferer n. 受难者; 患病者
13. suffer vt. 遭受， 蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
(1)suffer pain/defeat/hardship 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难
(2)suffer from
suffer v. [ s f (r)]
a serious illness 患重病
a headache/toothache受头疼/牙疼之苦
受……折磨
患……病
suffering n. 疼痛，折磨；痛苦，苦恼（集合名词）
sufferer n. 受难者; 患病者
13. suffer vt. 遭受， 蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
suffer 与 suffer from的辨析
(1)suffer后常加的名词多指抽象的损害、痛苦等,
如suffer pain/defeat“遭受痛苦/失败”。
(2)suffer from常加具体的不幸或痛苦的名词, 表示遭受战争、自然灾害、疾病带来的痛苦。
如suffer from hunger/flood/fever/cold/disease “遭受饥饿/洪水/发烧/感冒/疾病”。
①We all will ______________ in our life, but we should stick to our dream and work
hard to realise it.
人生中, 我们都会遭受艰难, 但是我们应该坚持梦想, 并努力实现我们的梦想。
②These days we human beings have been experiencing the _________ of a terrible
disease—COVID-19.
这些天, 我们人类正经受着一种可怕的疾病——新冠肺炎的折磨。
suffer hardship
sufferings
e to an end 结束
(经典例句)时间飞逝! 高中第一年即将结束。
How time flies! The first senior high school year is coming to an end.
come to an end
e to an end 结束
come to an end
in the end 最后, 终于 = at last
end up doing sth. 最终……; 以做某事结束
at the end of 在……的末尾(空间和时间)
by the end of 到……末尾为止
后接将来时间时, 与将来完成时连用;
后接过去时间时, 与过去完成时连用。
①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I’ve got to produce this product and then, ___________ the year,
present it to NASA.
我生产了这个产品, 随后在年底, 我把它赠送给了NASA。
②Please give them back to me ____________ this month.
请在这个月底前把它们还给我, 到时我得把这些书归还。
③_________, I sincerely hope that this year’s activity will be held very
successfully.
最后, 我真诚希望今年的活动成功举办。
at the end of
by the end of
In the end
写作结尾句：
In the end, I sincerely hope that you will be able to come.
In the end, I sincerely hope that I may obtain an opportunity to……
In the end, I sincerely hope that you will find these suggestions/proposals/recommendations helpful.
In the end, I sincerely hope that the information is of benefit to you.
15. go through 经历，遭受；浏览，查阅；通过(考试)
go through
1. go through the disaster
2. go through the draft
3. go through the driving test
经历，遭受
浏览，查阅
通过(考试)
supply [s pla ]
16. supply vt. 供应，供给 n.供应（量）；补给；
supply sth for（to）sb = supply sb with sth 向某人提供某物
a supply of.... ......的供应
in short supply 供应短缺
survive [s va v]
17. survive vi.&vt. 活下来，幸存; 艰难度过
survival n.幸存，生存
survivor n.幸存者，生还者
survive [s va v]
17. survive vi.&vt. 活下来，幸存; 艰难度过
survival n.幸存，生存
survivor n.幸存者，生还者
survive the accident/ war 在事故中/战争中存活
survive on sth. ... 依靠......生活
survive sb. by + 时间 比某人多活......
power [ pa (r)]
18. power n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力
(1)a power failure 停电
a power plant 发电厂
(2) be in power 执政
come to power 开始掌权
within one’s power 在某人能力范围之内
beyond/out of one’s power 某人能力所不能及
aid [e d]
19. aid v. 援助 n.援助，救援物资
first aid 急救
aid sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
deliver [d l v (r)]
20.deliver vi.&vt.传递，传送;vt.发表;
deliver/give/make a speech 发表演讲
delivery guy n. 外卖员
delivery n. 送货，配送
认知词汇
02
认知词汇
1.disaster[d zɑ st (r)] n. 灾难;灾祸;灾害
2. tornado [t ne d ] n.龙卷风;旋风
3.drought [dra t] n. 旱灾；久旱
5.landslide [ l ndsla d] n. 崩塌，滑坡，
5.slide [sla d] n. 滑行；滑动
6.tsunami [tsu nɑ mi] n.海啸;
7.flood [fl d] n.洪水;大量(的人或事物)
vi.淹没;大量涌入;vt.(使)灌满水;淹没;
8. volcanic eruption [v l k n k 'r p ( )n]火山爆发
9. magnitude [ m ɡn tju d] n.震级；重大
10. evacuate[ v kjue t] v.撤离
11.helicopter[ hel k pt (r)] n.直升机
12. death[deθ]n.死;死亡
die v.死亡
dying 临终的，垂死的
13. crack[kr k]n.裂纹
14.gas[ɡ s]n.气体;气体
15. percent[p s nt]n.百分比
16. brick[br k]n.砖
17. metal[ metl]n.金属
18. electricity[ lek tr s ti]n.电
19. breathe[bri ]v.呼吸
20. revive[r va v]v.复活，使苏醒
21.unify[ ju n fa ]vt.统一
22. wisdom[ w zd m]n.智慧
23. context[ k ntekst]n.上下文;语境
24. typhoon[ta fu n] n.台风
25. hurricane[ h r k n]n.飓风
26.tap[t p]n.水龙头;轻敲;轻扣;
v.轻敲;轻拍
27. pipe[pa p]n.管;管道
28. whistle[ w sl]v.吹口哨n.哨子;口哨
29. emergency[i m d nsi]n.突发事件;紧急情况
30. aid[e d]n.帮助v.援助
31.first aid kit 急救箱
32. crash[kr ]n.崩溃;碰撞v.碰撞
33. sweep[swi p]v.打扫
34. wave[we v]n.波动;波浪v.挥手
35.strike[stra k]n.罢工;袭击;罢课v.击;打;撞击
36. summary[ s m ri]n.总结;概括
37. length[le θ]n.长;长度
strength
n.力量
strong
adj.强壮的
-th, 名词后缀
-en, 动词后缀
strengthen
v.加强
long adj.长的
wide adj.宽的
deep adj. 深的
broad adj. 宽阔的
length n.长度
lengthen v.（使）变长
width n.宽度
widen v.变宽
depth n.深度
deepen v.加深
breadth n.宽度
broaden v.变宽