(共34张PPT)
Unit 12
Life is full of the unexpected.
Section A (Grammar focus-4c)
情景式教学语法课公开课
人教新目标版 九年级(上册)
Learning objectives
1.学习本课新词汇：cream，workday，show up, bean, market, by the end of
掌握句型：
By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else had already shown up.
When she arrived at the movie theater, she remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog.
2. 通过阅读翻译Grammar focus 中的句子，正确完成句子，能够说出过去完成时的概念，用法，结构以及标志词(参照物)。能够说出过去完成时动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
3.通过控制性练习(4a)和自由练习(4b，4c)，能够正确使用过去完成时完成短文，能够积极创设情境来用过去完成时完成句子，在使用中学习语法。
Let's enjoy a video and then put their activities in the right order.
Daddy Pig got rid of(摆脱掉) the bee.
The family ate food.
Peppa fed the ducks.
Daddy Pig slept.
Mummy Pig put the dishes away.
put…away
把东西放好
Let’s explore and fill.
Daddy Pig ________(eat)delicious food before he _____(sleep).
By the time Peppa ____ the ducks, Daddy Pig ________(sleep).
Daddy Pig _________rid of the bee before Mommy Pig
_________the dishes.
Pepper _______ the ducks before Daddy _____(get) rid of the
bee.
The activity happened earlier.
When do you use “had done”
Daddy Pig slept.
Daddy Pig got rid of(摆脱掉) the bee.
Mummy Pig put the dishes away.
now
had eaten
slept
fed
had slept
had gotten
put away
had fed
got
the past perfect tense
We have learned about Mary's terrible morning.
Do you remember what happened to her
When she got to school, she realized
that she had left her backpack at home.
By the time she got up, her brother had
already gotten in the shower.
By the time she got outside, the bus had already left.
9
By the time she walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already.
What happened earlier
Adverbial Clause of time
时间状语从句
Have you ever been late for school
The bell rang.
8:00 A.M
She got to school.
8:15 A.M
present
By the time _______________,
the bell _________.
8:22 A.M.
8:20 A.M
present
The teacher started teaching already.
She got into the
classroom.
she got to school
had rung
When she___________________,
the teacher __________________
already.
got into the classroom
had started teaching
Read the sentences in Grammar Focus and translate them.
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
By the time I got to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
Grammar Focus
Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus.
1)当我到达学校的时候，我才意识到我把书包忘在家里了。
______I got to school, I realized that I ____ ______ my backpack at home.
2)到我返回学校的时候，铃声已经响过了。
____ ___ ____ I got back to school, the bell ______ _______.
3)我到达公共汽车站之前， 汽车已经离开了。
Before I _____ _____ the bus stop, the bus ______ ______ _______.
4)我决定先买一杯咖啡，然后再去办公室。
I ______ ______ ___ go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
5)就在我和别的工作人员一起排队等候的时候，听到了一个巨大的声响。As I ____ ____ ____ ____ with the other office workers, I ____ ___ ___ ____.
Grammar Focus
When
had
left
By the time
had rung
got to
had already left
was about to
was waiting in line
Read the sentences in Grammar Focus and find out the
sentences with the structure “ had+done”(the past perfect tense).
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
By the time I got to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
过去完成时的结构和用法
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
过去完成时的构成：_____+_________ 过去完成时常与
had
过去分词
________________________等引导的时间状语连用。
when, before, by the time
Do you know the usages of the tense-the past perfect tense
now
The bell rang.
8:00 AM
8:15 AM
By the time _______________, the bell _________.
had rung
Mary got to school.
参照点
过去完成时以一个过去的
时间点为参照，表示该动
作发生在“过去的过去”。
Mary got to school.
Do you know the usages of the tense-the past perfect tense
now
The teacher started teaching in the classroom.
8:20 AM
8:22 AM
When ______________________, ______________________________________.
the teacher had started teaching in the classroom
She got into the classroom.
过去完成时以一个过去
的时间点为参照，表示
该动作发生在“过去的
过去”。
参照点
Do you know the usages of the tense-the past perfect tense
now
The bus left.
5:20 PM
5:21 AM
Before ____________________, _____________________.
the bus had already left
She arrived at the bus stop.
过去完成时以一个过去
的时间点为参照，表示
该动作发生在“过去的
过去”。
参照点
Make sentences with By the time… or When…
6:30 6:40 now
the policeman get to the shop
Tom run away
By the time\When the policeman got to the shop, Tom had run away.
Make sentences with By the time… or When…
Make sentences with By the time… or When…
Liu Mei wake up
the concert be over
6:30 6:40 now
By the time\When Liu Mei woke up, the concert had been over.
Do you know the usages of the tense-the past perfect tense
◆ When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
◆ By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
◆ Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
由when, by the time, before等引导时间状语从句时，若描述发生在过去的事，主句常用过去完成时(had + 过去分词)表示动作发生在过去的过去。
参照物---时间状语从句
Do you know the usages of the tense-the past perfect tense
by 的用法
by +时间点
“到……为止；截止……时”
1. by+现在时间，句子时态用现在完成时
By now, I have finished all my homework.
截止现在，我已经完成了所有的作业。
2. by+过去时间，句子时态用过去完成时
By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。
3. by+将来时间，句子时态用将来完成时
By next Friday, We will have finished Unit 5.
到下周五结束时，我们将要学完第五单元。
Do you know the usages of the tense-the past perfect tense
by the time 的用法
by the time 意为“到……时候(为止)”, 是一个介词短语, 在句中常起到连
词的作用, 引导时间状语从句。
1.如果从句中的谓语动词是一般过去时, 那么主句的谓语动词通常用过去
完成时, 表示“截止到从句动作发生时, 主句动作已经完成, 即过去的过去”。
例：By the time you came back, I had finished this book.
你回来时我已经把这本书看完了。
（从句谓语动词came back 为一般过去时, 所以主句动作用过去完成时had finished, 表示过去的过去。）
2. 如果从句中的谓语动词为一般现在时或现在完成时, 那么主句中的谓语动词常用将来完成时, 表示“截止到将来的某一时刻为止, 主句动作将已完成”。
例：By the time I get home, they will have left. 我到家时他们将已经离开。
By the time I graduate next year, I will have lived here for five years.
到明年毕业时, 我将已经在这待了五年了。
Do you know the usages of the tense-the past perfect tense
by the end of +时间点意为“到……结束时”
by the end of +过去的时间点，主句用过去完成时；
例：By the end of last year, I had stayed in Xi’an for seven years.
到去年结束时，我已经在西安待了7年了。
By the end of last week, they had completed the bridge.
by the end of…的用法
by the end of +将来的时间点，主句用将来完成时；
By the end of next month, I will have finished my new book.
到下个月结束时我将要完成我的新书。
过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去，常与for, since等词连用。
例: When Jack arrived, Mary had been away for almost an hour.
当杰克到时，玛丽已经离开快一个小时了。
My grandmother had been dead since November last year.
Do you know the differences among the following tenses
一般过去时、现在完成时与过去完成时之间区别
1.一般过去时表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。
5 years ago
now
例：We started to learn English 5 years ago.
我们五年前开始学英语。
2. 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关。其结构为：“助动词 have（has）+过去分词” 。例：We have learned English for 5 years.
5 years ago
have learned
now
Do you know the differences among the following tenses
一般过去时、现在完成时与过去完成时之间区别
e.g. We have learned 1,000 English words so far.
We had learned 1,000 English words by then.
3. 过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。
例：We had learned English for 4 years by last year.
到去年为止，我们已经学英语四年了。
by last year
now
began to learn
for 4 years
Do you know the usage of “be about to”
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
By the time I got to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
be about to do sth.的用法
1)表示即将发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。如:
We are about to start. 我们就要出发了。
The new school year is about to begin.新学年开学在即。
2)在含有 be about to do 的句子中，不能再加时间状语。如:
Wrong: The medical team is about to start immediately
Right: The medical team is about to start.医疗队就要出发了。
Let's enjoy a video about Jake’s dating story with Ann. While watching, write down the past perfect tense structure as many as possible.
Jake
Ann
Do you want to know how Jake’s date with Ann was going last night
Dating is full of the unexpected.
Let's write down the past perfect tense structure as many as possible.
When he got to the restaurant, he realized he had put his shirt on inside out.(穿反了）
So, he went to the bathroom to fix it.
Let's write down the past perfect tense structure as many as possible.
When he came back, a waiter had given his table to someone else.
When everything was settled(解决好), his girlfriend didn’t show up(出现).
Let's write down the past perfect tense structure as many as possible.
By the time Ann called him, he had sat at the table for about 15 minutes.
It turned out that Ann went to the wrong restaurant.
Let's write down the past perfect tense structure as many as possible.
After having dinner, he found something in his teeth.
Actually, they had been there the whole time as he was talking to Ann.
Complete the following tasks.
Make sentences using by the time or before.
Before I put cream in the coffee, the coffee had become cold.
By the time I got to school, the teacher had collected the math homework.
I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended.
The movie had started before I arrived at the cinema.
By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had finished making the apple pie.
4a
Complete the following tasks.
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
露面
shown up
had
had forgotten
n.豆
n.市场
had
rushed out
had found out
arrived at
had gone into
4b
Complete the following tasks.
Write two true statements and one false statement about your day yesterday. Then ask your classmates to guess the false statement.
I had already had breakfast.
I had finished my homework.
had had too much fruit.
动身去
4c
Let's have a class test.
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.他说他以前见过你。
He said that he ________ (see) you before.
had seen
2. 当我进来时，他已做完了作业。
When I came in, he ____________(finish) his homework.
had finished
3. The children ran away after they __________ (break) the window.
4. I went to Tom’s house but he _________ (go) out.
had gone
had broken
5. My friend ________ (buy) the car two years ago. He __________ (have) it for two years.
bought
has had
Let's have a class test.
二、翻译下列句子。
1. 当他到达学校的时候，老师已经开始 上课了。
_______________________________________________________
2. 当我出来的时候，我爸爸已经离开家了。
_________________________________
3. 在我拿书包以前我把门锁上了。
_________________________________
4. 在她做完作业之前我妈妈已经回来了。
________________________________
By the time he got to school, the teacher had already started teaching.
When I got outside, my father had left home.
Before I got my schoolbag, I had locked the door.
Before she finished her homework, my mother had already
been back.
For today's homework.
1. Review the new words and expressions.
2. Recall the unexpected in your daily life and try to tell them to your friends in English.
3. Preview the new words and expressions.
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Unit 12 Section A Grammar focus-4c 学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)
【重点短语】
1.think to myself 自言自语
2.hear about 听说
3.turn into 变成
4.take off 起飞，脱掉
5.collect the math homework 收数学作业
6.make the apple pie 做苹果派/馅饼
7.show up 出现，露面
8.go to my piano lesson去上钢琴课
【重点语法】
过去完成时
过去完成时用来表示，过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成的动作，它表示动作发生的时间是过去的过去，侧重事情的结果。
过去完成时的基本结构:
had+过去分词
请看以下几个例句:
1. By the end of last term， we had learned ten English songs.
截止上学期期末，我们已经学习了十首英文歌。
2. "When we got to the airport, we realized that we had missed the flight."
当我们到达机场时，我们意识到我们已经错过了航班。
在这个句子中，“had missed”表示在到达机场之前已经错过航班。
"It was already nine o'clock when we got to the party, and we realized that we had left our keys at home."
当我们到达晚会时已经九点了，我们意识到我们把钥匙落在家里了。
在这个句子中，“had left”表示在到达晚会之前把钥匙落在家里了。
所以我们可以看出，过去完成时是有一个过去的时间点之前完成的动作。
一般情况下会出现两个句子 ，一个过去时，还有一个过去完成时态的句子。
句子动作有先后，掌握了这一点过去完成时就迎刃而解喔。
单项选择
( )1.—Why was he late for the international meeting
—By the time he got to the airport, the plane already .
A. has; taking off B. has; taken off
C. would; take off D. had; taken off
( )2.—You didn't watch the movie
—Yes, but by the time I to the cinema, the movie for several minutes.
A.get; has begun B.got; had been on
C.got; had begun D.get; has been
( )3.—What did they do in the meeting room yesterday
—They discussed what they in the last two years.
A.had done B.would do C.were doing D.did
( )4.By the end of last week, she in the west of China for two months to help the homeless children.
A.will stay B.has stayed C.would stay D.had stayed
( )5.By the time the teacher came, we cleaning the classroom.
A.finished B.have finished C.had finished D.will finish
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.That rich old man (make) a wish before he (die) last month.
7.When the Kings got to the airport, the plane (take) off.
8.I (be) at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
9.Tom (say) he (read) the book twice by 2019.
10.The Reads (have) lunch before I (get) to their house at 12:30.
三、完成句子。
11.经理问我昨天开会卡拉有没有露面。
The manager asked me whether Carla at the meeting yesterday.
12.到上学期结束为止我们已经学习英语三年了。
We had studied English for three years last term.
13.地震发生时,我冲出了超市。
When the earthquake happened, I of the supermarket.
14.你查明山东到湖北的机票多少钱了吗
Have you how much the airline ticket from Shandong to Hubei costs
15.当他们到达火车站时,其他人已经在那里待了一个小时了。
By the time they the train station,everybody else had been there for one hour.
四、完形填空
Bread-baking is more than just good fun. It __16 also help you learn math and science. Students at Nova Middle School in Florida are learning it in a bread-baking program(项目). The program teaches students 17 to bake.
Every student 18 a recipe(食谱) first. Paula Gray, a teacher,then uses math to teach 19 about the recipes.“This much with this much makes bread.”she says.
In the 20 , cooks show students how to use yeast(酵母)to make bread rise. They will tell the students how to get a good model. Teachers then tell the students why this happens. Later,the students __21 to make their own bread.
A student named Alyssa Brennan 22 that centrifugal force(离心力) helps shape(使成形) the bread. She says it is better than learning science in the 23 .
Richard Ingraham, a cook, says baking is 24 for students.“It teaches you math.and it also teaches you reading and science,"he says.
All the students 25 this program and think it is good to learn it.
( )16.A.must B. can C. should D. need
( )17.A. where B. why C.what D. how
( )18.A. changes B. chooses C. saves D. answers
( )19.A. it B. him C. her D. them
( )20.A.exams B.families C. lessons D. parks
( )21.A. like B. play C. hope D. start
( )22.A. learns B. feels C.watches D. hears
( )23.A. shop B. club C. classroom D. restaurant
( )24.A. busy B. useful C. difficult D.dangerous
( )25. A. enjoy B. clean C. make D. find
五、阅读理解
Bill can see well. But he cannot recognize(认出) the faces he sees—not even his own mother. He tells his experience. “Once, at midday, I met my mother while walking down the street. I did not recognize her. We walked towards each other. We passed within a meter of each other. The sidewalk was not busy. The only way I know this happened is I was told about it that night. She was not happy about this incident. And she has never forgiven(原谅) me for it!”
Bill has face blindness(盲). For most people, this situation can be hard to understand. But face blindness may be more common than you think.
So, how does a person get face blindness Well, there are two ways. Some people with face blindness are born with the ability to recognize. But then, their brains are badly hurt. Over thirty years ago, Lincoln Holmes was in a car accident.
The accident damaged(损害) his brain. He can still do everything just like before—walk, talk, and work. But since the accident, Lincoln can no longer recognize faces. He cannot even recognize people he knew after the accident happened.
In the past, doctors thought that brain damage was the only way to get face blindness. However, scientists now believe that the most common way people get face blindness is from their parents—they inherit it! Recent studies suggest that face blindness stays in families.
But there are not any treatments(治疗) for face blindness at present.
( )16.How does the writer start the passage
A.By explaining the meaning. B.By giving an example.
C.By showing a study. D.By giving advice.
( )17.The underlined words “this situation” in the second paragraph refer to “ ”.
A.Bill walked past his mother B.Bill has face blindness
C.Bill didn't see his mother D.Bill didn't recognize his mother
( )18.Lincoln Holmes got face blindness because of .
A.brain damage B.a bad illness
C.a sad experience D.his family's illness
( )19.What does the underlined word “inherit” in the fourth paragraph mean in Chinese
A.模仿 B.遗传 C.脱离 D.恢复
( )20.What does the passage mainly tell us
A.How to protect our brains. B.What to do if we get face blindness.
C.Why people get face blindness. D.How to keep away from face blindness.
六、七选五
World Sleep Day falls on 18th, March in 2022.It's a day to remind us of the importance of sleep for our health. However, not everyone knows how important it is to sleep in the dark. 31___
Researchers say sleeping with the light on could increase the risk of getting heart disease（心脏病）and diabetes(糖尿病).If we turn off the light when we sleep, it helps to keep away these diseases. The researchers also say that around 40 percent of people sleep with some kind of light. 32 __They add that the worst thing to sleep with is the main light(主光源).Sleeping in the dark is more difficult for people who live in cities. 33___
The researchers are from Northwestern University in the USA. The lead researcher,Dr. Phyllis Zee, is an expert in sleep medicine. 34___ Her team did a study of the blood sugar levels(血糖水平) of 20 people after nights of sleep.People who slept with a light on had higher blood sugar levels the next morning compared to those who slept in a dark environment. This is because light makes the brain active,which raises the blood sugar level. Dr. Zee said there are three things we can do to reduce the risk of illness. Firstly. turn off the lights. 35 __ Thirdly,use an eye mask(眼罩).
根据短文内容,从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项多余。
Because there is a lot of light outside at night.
Secondly, never sleep with white or blue light.
Sleeping with a light on won't make your sleep worse.
Even light from a television could be harmful to our health.
She said it is healthier for us to turn off all lights when we sleep.
What's more, keep in mind that you are going to fall asleep right now.
G. A new report says sleeping with the light on could be bad for our health.
31._________ 32._________ 33._________ 34._________ 35._________
Unit 12 Section A Grammar focu-4c 学案 (知识精讲+分层作业)参考答案
一、单项选择
1-5 DBADC
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.had made; died 7.had taken 8.had been 9.said; had read 10.had had; got
三、完成句子
11.had shown up 12.by the end of 13.rushed out 14.found out 15.arrived at/got to
完形填空
16-20BDBDC 21-25DACBA
阅读理解
26-30BBABC
七选五
31-35GDAEB
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