2024年中考英语第一轮复习常考短语单项选择50道（各版本适用）（含解析）

2024年中考英语第一轮复习
常考短语单项选择50道
1．Grace’s mother ________ a lot of her favorite fruits and desserts in the garden.
A．set out B．moved out C．laid out D．found out
2．We need to tell students to just do one small thing well _________ 100 things poorly.
A．as well as B．instead of C．according to D．because of
3．—I feel lucky that my mother is always my strong supporter.
—Me, too. I can’t _______ without her help.
A．take place B．take measures
C．make progress D．make mistakes
4．—Why does your brother look so tired these days
—Because he practises basketball every day so that he could ________ for the School Basketball Team.
A．turn out B．work out C．try out D．put out
5．—I don’t like this job. As you see, I have to do the same things over and over again every day.
—Well. ________, why don’t you leave and look for something new
A．In that case B．In total C．In fact D．in the end
6．—I am expected to be a scientist by my parents, but I don’t like it.
—Then you ________ to talk with them about your idea.
A．supposed B．are supposed C．suppose D．are not supposed
7．After dinner, Mrs White ________ some fruit on the table and then asked us to help ourselves.
A．lifted up B．laid out C．picked up D．brought out
8．Julia made lots of mistakes in grammar. ________, she got a “C” in her English test.
A．For example B．In fact C．To be honest D．As a result
9．How can you have the idea of giving up your dream ________, you’ve only tried once.
A．After all B．First of all C．In all D．Above all
10．—What is your brother like
—He is kind-hearted and he seems to ________ everyone.
A．know about B．care about C．talk about D．worry about
11．If you make a decision, you must be ________ your decision.
A．thirsty for B．proud of C．responsible for D．ahead of
12．—Did you see a girl in white ________ just now
—No, sir. I was reading a newspaper.
A．take up B．pass by C．depend on D．deal with
13．—As teenagers, we shouldn’t ________ to our parents.
—You’re right. They always care about us.
A．look up B．talk back C．get close D．look forward
14．Because of the heavy rain, the plane ________ an hour late yesterday.
A．cleaned off B．went off C．took off D．got off
15．—Have you received your delivery (快递)
—Yes. I signed it ________.
A．in silence B．in fact C．in public D．in person
16．You should ________ the people who help you.
A．be proud of B．be angry with C．be thankful to D．be patient with
17．When you read English newspapers or magazines, some new words are often found, then you can ________.
A．look at them B．look for them C．look them up D．look them over
18．This old photo made me ________ the life of my childhood.
A．to think of B．think of C．to think about D．think back
19．—________ your coat when you leave the house.
—OK, I will.
A．Turn on B．Put on C．Put off D．Turn off
20．The computer has ________. Can you help me to repair it
A．broken down B．taken down C．broken out D．taken out
21．Your bike is ________ mine. Both of them have red bodies.
A．different from B．similar to C．the same to D．close to
22．We sincerely hope that no war will ________ and that peace will be long-lasting.
A．stay out B．work out C．break out D．try out
23．Most people ________ in January or February during the Spring Festival.
A．get into the habit of B．get angry with
C．take a vacation D．keep a diary
24．You’d better not ________ to your mother. She just wants to give the best to you.
A．turn down B．talk back C．put off D．end up
25．—What a lovely garden!
—Yes, it’s really beautiful and it ________ Mr Green.
gets in the way of B．belongs to
C．drops by D．makes an effort to
26．—Are you getting used to customs here, Jenny
—Not really. ________, I have a different cultural background from local people
After all B．By mistake
C．Without doubt D．At the same time
27．Read this passage, and ________ the answer to this question.
A．look for B．find out C．look out D．try out
28．The paper ________ wood．
A．is made from B．be made of C．is made from of D．be made up of
29．In China, there is a famous fairy tale which talks about a man, Kua Fu, ________ the sun.
A．asking after B．running after C．taking after D．looking after
30．My alarm clock didn’t ________ this morning. I was still asleep at eight o’clock.
A．put off B．turn off C．go off D．take off
31．—I regret to say that we didn’t do a good job.
—Never mind. ________, you have already done all you can.
A．Even if B．After all C．According to D．Thanks to
32．—Mr. Wang said he ________ teaching English because he loved children.
—Yes. And his love for children makes him a great teacher.
A．took up B．gave up C．put up D．set up
33．—You should _________ the shower when you are washing your hair.
—OK, I will. We need to save the water.
A．shut off B．cut down C．take place D．see off
34．He became famous. _________, he lost much free time.
A．At the same time B．All the time
C．From time to time D．On time
35．—The job ________ to be harder than we thought.
—Yes. And we’d better try another way out.
A．ran out B．found out C．turned out D．put out
36．The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou in September.
A．took off B．took up C．took away D．took place
37．Boys and girls, don’t ________ each other! You may bump (撞) into others and fall over.
A．pass by B．talk to C．run after D．shout at
38．If you want to lose weight, you’d better ________ junk food.
A．get in the way of B．look up to C．keep away from
39．My parents want me to ______doing my homework as soon as I come home from school.
A．suffer from B．win the heart of
C．look through D．get into the habit of
40．—Mike won first place in the swimming competition.
—I’m not ________ that. He practises swimming every afternoon.
A．worried about B．afraid of
C．pleased with D．surprised at
41．—I think robots are very helpful.
—I ________ you. They make our life easier.
A．wait for B．agree with C．worry about D．suffer from
42．This part is so little, but you can’t ________ its big influence in the process.
A．work on B．take up C．leave out D．write down
43．The school research group consists ________ several students from different classes.
A．with B．of C．for D．about
44．—How do you like the flower
—It ________ a really nice smell. I like it.
A．gives off B．puts off C．gives up D．puts on
45．Jim, take this map to ________ you can find the way to your hotel.
A．make sure B．care about C．think of D．bring out
46．Susan often feels nervous before she gives a speech ________.
A．in public B．in silence C．in common D．in surprise
47．— It’s said that when Shen Nong had a rest under trees, some tea leaves fell into his water.
— Was tea found ________ That’s fantastic!
A．by accident B．in person C．on purpose D．by the way
48．________ our teacher, we have made a lot of progress in our English.
A．Thank for B．Thanks for C．Thanks to D．Thank to
49．I have ________ housework to do tonight.
A．too many B．too much C．much too D．many too
50．The boy worked hard at his study, he didn’t want to ________ his classmates.
A．fall ill B．fall off C．fall down D．fall behind
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】句意：格蕾丝的母亲在花园里摆放了许多她最喜欢的水果和甜点。
考查动词短语。set out出发；moved out搬出；laid out陈列、摆放；found out发现。由“Grace’s mother … a lot of her favorite fruits and desserts in the garden”可知，是把水果和点心摆放在花园里。故选C。
2．B
【详解】句意：我们需要告诉学生们只做好一件小事，而不是把100件事情都做得很糟糕。
考查介词短语。as well as和；instead of而不是；according to按照；because of因为。根据“just do one small thing well ... 100 things poorly.”可知，是指只做好一件事，而不是把100件事都做得很糟糕。故选B。
3．C
【详解】句意：——我很幸运，我的妈妈永远是我坚强的支持者。——我也是。没有她的帮助我就无法取得进步。
考查动词短语辨析。take place发生；take measures采取措施；make progress取得进步；make mistakes犯错误。根据“I feel lucky that my mother is always my strong supporter.”及“Me, too.”可知，应是在妈妈的帮助下取得进步。故选C。
4．C
【详解】句意：——你哥哥这几天为什么看起来这么累啊？——因为他每天都练习篮球，这样他就可以参加学校篮球队的选拔。
考查动词短语。turn out结果是；work out解决；try out选拔；put out扑灭。根据“for the School Basketball Team.”可知，此处指参加学校篮球队的选拔；try out for sth.意为“参加选拔”。故选C。
5．A
【详解】句意：——我不喜欢这份工作。如你所见，我每天都要一遍又一遍地做同样的事情。——好吧。如果是那样的话，你为什么不离开去寻找新的呢？
考查介词短语。In that case如果那样的话；In total总计；In fact事实上；in the end最后。根据“why don’t you leave and look for something new”可知是如果是那样的话，你为什么不离开去寻找新的呢，故选A。
6．B
【详解】句意：——我父母期望我成为一名科学家，但我不喜欢。——然后你应该和他们谈谈你的想法。
考查动词短语。be supposed to do sth“应该做某事”，根据“Then you ... to talk with them about your idea.”可知，此处表示应该和父母谈谈你的想法。故选B。
7．B
【详解】句意：晚饭后，怀特夫人把一些水果放在桌子上，然后请我们自己吃。
考查动词短语。lift up抬起；lay out摆放；pick up捡起；bring out出版。根据“Mrs White ... some fruit on the table”可知，是在桌子上摆放水果。故选B。
8．D
【详解】句意：Julia犯了很多语法错误。结果在英语考试中得了“C”。
考查固定短语。For example例如；In fact事实上；To be honest老实说；As a result结果。根据“Julia made lots of mistakes in grammar”可知，Julia犯了很多错误，结果得了C。故选D。
9．A
【详解】句意：你怎么能有放弃梦想的想法呢？毕竟，你只尝试了一次。
考查副词短语辨析。After all毕竟；First of all首先；In all总共；Above all最重要的是。根据“you’ve only tried once”可知，此处表达“你毕竟只尝试了一次”，所以选“毕竟”。故选A。
10．B
【详解】句意：——你哥哥是什么样的人？——他很关心，他似乎关心每个人。
考查动词短语。know about了解；care about关心；talk about谈论；worry about担忧。根据“He is kind-hearted”可知，他善良，关心每个人。故选B。
11．C
【详解】句意：如果你做决定了，你就必须对你的决定负责。
考查形容词短语。be thirsty for渴望；be proud of以……为骄傲；be responsible for对……负责；be ahead of领先。根据条件状语从句“If you make a decision”可知，此处应该表达必须对你的决定负责，形容词短语：be responsible for“对……负责”，所以填入responsible for符合语境。故选 C。
12．B
【详解】句意：——你刚才看见一个穿白衣服的女孩经过吗？——没有，先生。我正在看报纸。
考查动词短语。take up占据，占有；pass by经过；depend on依靠；deal with处理。根据答语“No, sir. I was reading a newspaper.”可知，此处询问是否看见有人经过。故选B。
13．B
【详解】句意：——作为青少年，我们不应该和父母顶嘴。——你说得对。他们总是关心我们。
考查动词短语辨析。look up查阅；talk back顶嘴；get close靠近；look forward期待。根据“As teenagers, we shouldn’t…to our parents.”可知，此处指不应该和父母顶嘴，故选B。
14．C
【详解】句意：昨天因为下大雨，飞机晚了一个小时起飞。
考查动词短语。cleaned off清理；went off爆炸；took off起飞；got off下车。根据“Because of the heavy rain, the plane”可知，此处是指飞机起飞晚了一个小时。故选C。
15．D
【详解】句意：——你收到你的快递了吗？——是的。我亲自签了名。
考查介词短语。in silence沉默地；in fact事实上；in public公开地；in person亲自。根据“I signed it...”可知，是指亲自签了名。故选D。
16．C
【详解】句意：你应该感谢那些帮助过你的人。
考查形容词短语辨析。be proud of以……为荣；be angry with对……生气；be thankful to感谢；be patient with对……有耐心。根据“the people who help you.”可知，帮助过你的人，所以你要感谢他们。故选C。
17．C
【详解】句意：当你读英语报纸或杂志时，经常会发现一些新单词，然后你可以把它们查阅一遍。
考查动词短语。look at them看着它们；look for them寻找它们；look them up查阅它们；look them over浏览它们。根据“some new words are often found”可知是查阅新单词。故选C。
18．B
【详解】句意：这张老照片使我想起了童年的生活。
考查动词短语和省略to的动词不定式。think of想起；think about考虑；think back回想（后面常接介词to）。根据“This old photo made me...the life of my childhood.”可知，此处应是make sb do sth.“使某人做某事”，动词原形前无需加to，故排除选项A和C；空后是名词“the life”，当使用“think back”时，需要加上介词to，构成短语“think back to”。因此，空处应是think of。故选B。
19．B
【详解】句意：——离开家时穿上外套。——好的，我会的。
考查动词短语。Turn on打开；Put on穿上；Put off推迟；Turn off关掉。根据“your coat when you leave the house”可知，离开家时应该是穿上外套。故选B。
20．A
【详解】句意：电脑坏了。你能帮我修理一下吗？
考查动词短语辨析。broken down发生故障；taken down拿下，写下，拆毁；broken out爆发；taken out取出，除掉。根据“Can you help me to repair it ”可知，我要修理东西，所以电脑是坏了。故选A。
21．B
【详解】句意：你的自行车和我的相似。它们两个都有红色的身体。
考查形容词短语辨析。different from与……不同；similar to与……相似；the same to对……也一样；close to靠近。根据“Both of them have red bodies.”可知，两个自行车应是“相似的”，都是红色。故选B。
22．C
【详解】句意：我们真诚地希望没有战争爆发，和平将是持久的。
考查动词短语。stay out待在外面；work out解答出；break out爆发；try out参加……选拔。根据主语是war“战争”，所以是爆发战争。故选C。
23．C
【详解】句意：大多数人在春节期间的一月或二月去度假。
考查动词短语。get into the habit of养成……的习惯；get angry with 和……生气；take a vacation休假，度假；keep a diary记日记。根据“ in January or February during the Spring Festival”可知此处指“在春节期间去度假”。故选C。
24．B
【详解】句意：你最好不要和你妈妈顶嘴。她只想把最好的给你。
考查动词短语。turn down调低；talk back顶嘴；put off推迟；end up结束。根据“to your mother”以及“She just wants to give the best to you.”可知是不要和妈妈顶嘴。故选B。
25．B
【详解】句意：——多么可爱的花园啊！——是的，它真的很漂亮，它是格林先生的。
考查动词短语。get in the way of妨碍；belong to属于；drop by顺便拜访；make an effort to努力。根据“Yes, it’s really beautiful and it ... Mr Green.”可知，此处表示花园是属于格林先生的。故选B。
26．A
【详解】句意：——珍妮，你逐渐习惯这里的风俗习惯了吗？ ——不是。毕竟我的文化背景与当地人不同。
考查副词短语。After all毕竟；By mistake 错误地；Without doubt毫无疑问；At the same time同时。根据“I have a different cultural background from local people.”可知，这里应该是毕竟我的文化背景与当地人不同。故选A。
27．B
【详解】句意：读这篇文章，然后找出问题的答案。
考查动词短语。look for寻找，表示过程；find out找出，表示结果；look out注意；try out参加……选拔。根据“the answer to this question”可知，此处为找到答案，表示结果。故选B。
28．A
【详解】句意：纸是木头做的。
考查动词短语和一般现在时的被动语态。be made from由……做成，看不出原材料；be made of由……做成，可看出原材料；be made up of由……构成。根据句意，纸是由木头做的，且看不出原材料，本句描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语the paper为单数意义。故选A。
29．B
【详解】句意：在中国中，有一个著名的童话故事，讲的是一个人，夸父，追太阳。
考查动词短语。asking after问候；running after追逐；taking after像；looking after照顾。根据“Kua Fu”以及常识可知，夸父逐日，所以此处是“追太阳”，故选B。
30．C
【详解】句意：今天早上我的闹钟没有响。我八点钟还在睡觉。
考查动词短语辨析。put off推迟；turn off关闭；go off发出响声；take off脱下，起飞。根据“I was still asleep at eight o’clock.”可知，此处是指闹钟没有响，应用go off。故选C。
31．B
【详解】句意：——我很遗憾地说，我们做得不好。——不要紧。毕竟，你们已经尽力了。
考查连词和介词短语辨析。Even if即使；After all毕竟；According to根据；Thanks to幸亏。根据“Never mind. …you have already done all you can.”可知，此处表示安慰对方，After all“毕竟”符合语境。故选B。
32．A
【详解】句意：——王先生说他从事英语教学是因为他喜欢孩子。——是的。他对孩子的爱使他成为一个伟大的老师。
考查动词短语。took up开始从事；gave up放弃；put up张贴；set up建立。根据下文“And his love for children makes him a great teacher.”可知，此处指从事英语教学。故选A。
33．A
【详解】句意：——你洗头的时候应该关掉淋浴器。——好的，我会的。我们需要节约用水。
考查动词短语。shut off关闭；cut down砍到；take place发生；see off送行。根据“We need to save the water.”可知，洗头的时候关上淋浴器是为了节约水，故选A。
34．A
【详解】句意：他出名了。与此同时，他失去了很多空闲时间。
考查介词短语。At the same time同时；All the time一直；From time to time时不时地；On time按时。根据“He became famous....he lost much free time.”可知，应是出名的同时也失去了空闲时间，两个事件同时发生，故选A。
35．C
【详解】句意：——这个工作证明比我们原来想的要难。——是的，我们最好尝试另一种方法。
考查动词短语辨析。ran out用完；found out查明；turn out证明是；put out扑灭。根据“The job...to be harder than we thought.”可知，此处表示“证明是”，故选C。
36．D
【详解】句意：第19届亚运会于9月在杭州举行。
考查动词短语。took off起飞，脱下；took up占据，开始从事；took away拿走；took place发生，举行。根据“The 19th Asian Games ... in Hangzhou in September.”可知，是指亚运会9月在杭州举行。故选D。
37．C
【详解】句意：男孩女孩们，不要互相追逐！你可能会撞到别人而摔倒。
考查动词短语辨析。pass by经过；talk to与某人交谈；run after追赶；shout at对……大叫。根据“You may bump (撞) into others and fall over.”可知，可能会撞到别人而摔倒，所以是不要互相追逐，故选C。
38．C
39．D
【详解】句意：我父母想让我养成一放学就做作业的习惯。
考查动词短语。suffer from遭受；win the heart of赢得……的心；look through浏览；get into the habit of养成……的习惯。根据“doing my homework as soon as I come home from school”可知，此处指“放学做作业的习惯”。故选D。
40．D
【详解】句意：——迈克在游泳比赛中得了第一名。——我对此并不吃惊。他每天下午练习游泳。
考查形容词短语辨析。be worried about为……担心；be afraid of害怕；be pleased with对……满意；be surprised at对……感到吃惊。根据“He practises swimming every afternoon”可知，对迈克游泳比赛获得第一名不感到吃惊，故选D。
41．B
【详解】句意：——我认为机器人很有帮助。——我同意你的看法。它们使我们的生活更轻松。
考查动词短语。wait for等待；agree with同意；worry about担心；suffer from遭受。根据“They make our life easier.”可知，与上文的观点基本一致，所以空处应是表示同意。故选B。
42．C
【详解】句意：这个部分如此小，但是在这个过程中，你不能忽视它的巨大影响。
考查动词短语。work on从事于；take up占据；leave out忽略；write down写下。根据“its big influence in the process.”可知虽然很小，但是不能忽略它的作用。故选C。
43．B
【详解】句意：学校研究组是由不同班级的几个学生组成。
考查介词用法。with带着，和；of……的；for为；about关于。consist of为固定短语，表示“由……组成”，故选B。
44．A
【详解】句意：——你觉得这朵花怎么样？——它散发出一股非常好闻的味道。我喜欢它。
考查动词短语。give off散发；put off推迟；give up放弃；put on上演。根据“a really nice smell”可知是散发出好闻的味道。故选A。
45．A
【详解】句意：吉姆，拿着这张地图，确保你能找到去旅馆的路。
考查动词短语。make sure确保；care about关心；think of想起；bring out使显现出来，根据“you can find the way to your hotel”可知拿地图是为了确保能找到去旅馆的路。故选A。
46．A
【详解】句意：苏珊在公开演讲前经常感到紧张。
考查介词短语。in public在公开场合；in silence沉默地；in common共同的；in surprise惊讶地。根据“Susan often feels nervous before she gives a speech...”可知，在公开演讲前经常感到紧张，故选A。
47．A
【详解】句意：——据说当神农在树下休息时，一些茶叶掉进了他的水里。——茶是偶然发现的吗？那太棒了！
考查介词短语辨析。by accident偶然的；in person亲自；on purpose故意的；by the way顺便说一下。根据“It’s said that when Shen Nong had a rest under trees, some tea leaves fell into his water.”可知，茶是偶然间被发现的。故选A。
48．C
【详解】句意：多亏了我们的老师，我们的英语取得了很大的进步。
考查短语辨析。Thank for错误格式；Thanks for感谢……；Thanks to多亏了；Thank to错误格式。根据“we have made a lot of progress in our English”可知，多亏了我们的老师，我们英语获得了进步，故选C。
49．B
【详解】句意：今天晚上我有太多作业要做。
考查形容词短语。too many太多，修饰可数名词复数；too much太多，修饰不可数名词；much too太，修饰形容词或副词。此处修饰不可数名词housework用too much。故选B。
50．D
【详解】句意：这个男孩努力学习，他不想落后于他的同学。
考查动词短语。fall ill生病；fall off掉落；fall down跌倒；fall behind落后，根据“The boy worked hard at his study”可知，男孩努力学习是为了不落后于其他同学。故选D。