中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题6 情态动词
我们学习情态动词，主要学习情态动词定义，辨异和语境中正确使用。本专题就情态动词常用考点进行分析，明确目标，做到夯实和提高。
情态动词（Modal verbs）本身有一定的词义，表示语气的单词，主要用于表达我们人类的情感与态度。但是不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。
我们可以得知中考对于情态动词语法能力考察集中于以下两点：
（1）情态动词的词义辨析
（2）情态动词的正确使用
考向分析：中考对于情态动词的考察要求考生们：
（1）掌握情态动词的定义；?
（2）掌握情态动词的特征；
（3）掌握常用情态动词的用法；
考向一、情态动词的基本用法
1. can和could
表示能力 、可能性 、怀疑或推测(限于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)和允许。
注意：could用于现在时代替 can 使语气更委婉。
如：Could you please tell me how to go to the Baiyun Hills
2. may和might
表示允许、推测(用于肯定句)、请求或规劝和祝愿。
3. must和have to
(1) must 表示义务或责任、很有把握的推测(用于肯定句)和表示禁止(mustn’t)。
(2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时， have to有更多的时态形式。
(3) must 的否定式：mustn’t不准
(4) 由 must 提出的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to“不必”。
如：— Must I finish the work now
— No, you needn’t. (No, you don’t have to.)
4. shall和should
(1) 表示允许或命令(常用于第二、第三人称) 。
(2) 表示征求意见(常用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中) 。
5. will和would
表示意志或决心、有礼貌的请求、习惯动作和预言。
6. had better
其意为“最好”、“应该”，后接动词原形，had通常缩略为’d；构成否定式时，通常将not置于had better之后，而不是had之后。
如：You’d better get some sleep. 你最好去睡一会儿。
You’d better not go there by yourself. 你最好不要一个人去那里。
考点 2. 三组易混情态动词的用法区别
1. must与have to的区别
强调重点不同：两者都表示“必须”，但must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to 侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意。
如：It’s too late. I must go home now.
I lost my pen so I had to use a pencil instead.
2. can与be able to的区别
(1) can只有两种时态形式，现在式can和过去式could, 而be able to有多种时态形式。
如：Mary can play the piano. She has been able to play it since she was five.
玛丽会弹钢琴。她五岁起就会弹了
(2) be able to可用将来时态表示某人将来具备的能力，而can不能用于将来时态。但表示现在决定将来是否有能力做某事时，可用can。
如：I can finish the article tomorrow. 我可以在明天写完这篇文章。
3. can’t与may not的区别：
(1) can’t有两个意思：若表示能力，can’t意为“不能”；若表示推测，can’t意为“不可能”。
如：I can’t finish it on time. 我不能按时完成。
He can’t be so rich. 他不可能那么富有。
(2) may not 也有两个意思：若表示许可，may not意为“不许可” 、“不可以”；若表示推测，may not意为“可能不 ”。
如：Visitors may not feed the animals. 参观者不得给动物喂食。
He may not be able to help but there’s no harm in asking him.
他可能帮不了忙，但是求他一下倒也无妨。
1.（2023·北京） —Must I stay here and wait for you
—No you ________. You can go home now.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——我必须待在这里等你吗？——不，你不需要。你现在可以回家。
考查动词辨析。needn’t不需要；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Must I stay here and wait for you ”可知，用情态动词must提问，其否定回答应用needn’t表示“不需要”。故选A。
2. （2023·广州·语法选择）He __ __ eat big meals and did not go hungry any more.
A. could B. might C. should D. must
【答案】A
【解析】句意：他能够吃掉大餐，再也没有挨饿了。
could能够；might可能；should应该；must必须。根据“...eat big meals and did not go hungry any more.”可知是能吃掉大餐。故选A。
3. （2023·武汉）—Excuse me, but we ________ wait in line to get on the subway.
—I’m sorry.
A. might B. would C. could D. should
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——对不起，我们应该排队上地铁。——我很抱歉。
考查情态动词辨析。might可以；would将；could可以；should应该。根据“but we …wait in line to get on the subway”可知，应该排队上地铁，故选D。
1.（2023·湖北鄂州）—_________ I take photos here
—Sorry, you can’t. It’s not allowed in the museum.
A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will
2. （2023·湖北黄石）Young Chinese people ________ keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground.
A. should B. can C. may D. need
3. （2023·湖北荆州）—You _______ take the subway to the airport, for I can drive you there directly.
—That’s very kind of you.
A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
4.（2023·襄樊）. —Does the sports watch belong to Mary
—It ________ be hers. She is the only one who wears the sports watch in our class.
A. can’t B. must C. might D. could
5.（2023· 湖南邵阳） —What are you going to do this weekend
—I’m not sure. I ________ go shopping.
A. must B. should C. may
6.（2023·江苏连云港 ）Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We ________ learn to protect ourselves.
A. might B. should C. could D. would
5.（2023·江苏无锡 ） Oh, come on! ________ you doubt everything I say I’m not a three-year-old!
A. Can’t B. Can C. Mustn’t D. Must
6.（2023·江苏镇江 ）5. The new app about fashion is really free and you ________ pay money for it.
A. may B. must C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
7.（2023·河北 ）If we ________ find a better way, we’ll finish the job faster.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
8.（2023·黑龙江 ） — Is that boy in a white shirt over there Leo
— No, it ________ be him. He has gone to Kunming.
A. must B. can’t C. might
9.（2023· 天津）—Would you like to visit Tianjin University tomorrow
—Sorry, I’m afraid I ________. I’ll work as a volunteer in my community.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
10.（2023· 云南）—Excuse me, may I use my phone now
—Sorry, you ________. The plane is taking off.
A. need B. needn’t C. can D. can’t
11.（2023· 山东滨州）—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it
—It ________ be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.
A. can B. must C. need D. might
12.（2023· 山东青海） —Is that Jim running on the playground
—It ________ be him. He is always in the library at this time.
A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. needn’t
13.— _______ we clean the classroom at once
— No, you _______. You _______ clean it after school.
A. Must; needn’t; may B. Must; mustn’t; can
C. Shall; can’t; must D. Need; mustn’t; may
14. — Good morning. I've got an appointment with Ms. King in her office.
— Morning. You _______be Mr. Jones. This way, please.
A. will B. must C. can D. might
15. .Mike, you play with fire. You burn yourself.
A. won't; can't B. have got to; shouldn't
C. don't have to; must D. mustn't; might
16. — Whose backpack is this
— It _______ be Jim’s. Look, his student’s card is in it.
A. must B. can C. mustn’t D. can’t
17.As middle school students, we follow the public rules wherever we go.
A. would B. should C. might D. could
18.–Mum, may I go to see a film with my cousin
- You _______ go if you have finished your homework.
A. must B. need C. should D. can
19.-Some people don't show their talents at the very beginning.
-I agree. Even Einstein ____________ read until he was seven.
A. can't B. mustn't C. couldn't D. needn't
20.The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light, so you _____ worry about its weight..
A. must B. may C. can’t D. needn’t
21.According to the notice, guests at this hotel __________use the sports center at no extra cost.
A. can B. should C. must D. need
22.We don’t allow taking magazines out, but you ____________ copy the article you need on the machine over there.
A. can B. must C. should D. would
23.-It's too hot._ ______ I swim in the lake
-No, you____. That's too dangerous!
A. Should; can't B. Need; mustn't C. Must; needn't D. Could; can't
24.-Can we walk across the road now
-No, we________. We have to wait until the light turns green.
A. couldn't B. needn't C. shouldn't D. mustn't
25.-Mom,____I play computer games this evening
-Sure, but you________ finish your homework first.
A. can；must B. can；mustn't C. may；could D. may；can't
26. Maths isn’t very difficult. You ________ be afraid of it. You can come and ask for help.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. wouldn’t D. needn’t
27. You ______ go and see a doctor if you are not well before Monday.
A. couldn’t B. had better C. shouldn’t D. need to
28. —Do I have to hand in my report now —Of course, you ________. We’re going to discuss it.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
29. You ______ work on your own in the lab. It is against the rules!
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. won’t D. couldn’t
30. —Daniel, you _________ spread the books all over the floor. It is a rule. —Sorry, I won’t.
A. couldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. wouldn’t
31. —Excuse me. Can you tell me what time it is now —Sorry, I _________. My watch doesn’t work.
A. can’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. needn’t
32. —It's quite bright here. Let's just keep the window open. —Yes. We________ leave the light on.
A. couldn't B. shouldn't C. will D. wouldn't
33. —What do you think we common people ________ do for our motherland during the Covid-19 breakout —I think we ________ do anything except staying at home and do some exercise to keep ourselves fit.
A. must; can’t B. may; mustn’t C. need; shouldn’t. D. can; needn’t
34. — May I smoke here — No, you ________. No smoking in the school yard.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
35. —There is someone knocking at the door. I wonder who it ________ be.
—It ________ be Peter. He phoned to tell me he would come here soon.
A. must; must B. could; must C. might; can’t D. might; mustn’t
36. —________ I swim here —I’m sorry. Children _______ swim alone here.
A. Must , can’t B. May , must C. Can, mustn’t D. Can’t can
37. These flowers don’t always need ________, so you _______ them every day.
A. to water; don’t need to water B. watering; needn’t to water
C. to water; don’t need water D. watering; don’t need to water
38. Children above 1.2 meters in height ________ buy a ticket on the bus.
A. can B. may C. should D. will
39. ---Lucy is walking the dog in the park. ---She be. Listen! She is singing loudly in her room.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn't D. won’t
40. Smokers smoke in all indoor public places from March 1st, 2017.
A. can't B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
41 To keep children away from danger during the coming summer holiday, parents _____give them some safety tips.
A. should B. may C. could D. might
42. I have my own room in my house, so I ________ do what I want in it.
A. must B. have to C. need to D. can
43. Bob can not go out to play, because he ________ help his dad in the garden.
A. can B. can’t C. has to D. may
44. —Excuse me, when are we going to have a picnic —I’m not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He ________ know.
A. need B. can C. may D. shall
45. ___________ I bring you all the magazines right now — No, you don’t have to, but you give them to me tomorrow.
A. May, can B. Should, must C. Can, can D. Must, had better
46. I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left
47. —You ________ sit down or stand, just as you wish.
—Thank you. I’ll stand until I feel tired.
A. must B. may C. will D. have to
48.【2023·吉林长春】This _______ be Alice’s guitar. Hers is still in my house.
A. should B. can’t C. must D. needn’t
49.【2023·辽宁抚顺】The lovely boy ________ ride the bike at the age of six.
A. must B. could C. need D. should
50.【2023·江苏宿迁】According to the traffic rules, people ________ ride e-bikes without wearing helmets.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. may not D. might not
三. 用适当的情态动词填空
1. —What __________ I do for you
—I want some bananas.
2. Tom __________ ride a bike, but he can’t drive a car.
3. You are ill, Tom. You __________ see a doctor.
4. Children __________ play basketball in the street.
5. If you are not careful, a car __________ hit you.
6. —__________ I come in
—Yes, you may. Come in, please.
7. A blind man __________ see anything.
8.Nobody_________live without air and water.
9.The book__________ be returned before Saturday.
10.You_________give up smoking at once. It's bad for your health.
11.The train will leave at half past six, so I__________ get there fifteen minutes earlier.
12.You don't________ worry about her. She is much better now.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题6 情态动词
我们学习情态动词，主要学习情态动词定义，辨异和语境中正确使用。本专题就情态动词常用考点进行分析，明确目标，做到夯实和提高。
情态动词（Modal verbs）本身有一定的词义，表示语气的单词，主要用于表达我们人类的情感与态度。但是不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。
我们可以得知中考对于情态动词语法能力考察集中于以下两点：
（1）情态动词的词义辨析
（2）情态动词的正确使用
考向分析：中考对于情态动词的考察要求考生们：
（1）掌握情态动词的定义；?
（2）掌握情态动词的特征；
（3）掌握常用情态动词的用法；
考向一、情态动词的基本用法
1. can和could
表示能力 、可能性 、怀疑或推测(限于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)和允许。
注意：could用于现在时代替 can 使语气更委婉。
如：Could you please tell me how to go to the Baiyun Hills
2. may和might
表示允许、推测(用于肯定句)、请求或规劝和祝愿。
3. must和have to
(1) must 表示义务或责任、很有把握的推测(用于肯定句)和表示禁止(mustn’t)。
(2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时， have to有更多的时态形式。
(3) must 的否定式：mustn’t不准
(4) 由 must 提出的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to“不必”。
如：— Must I finish the work now
— No, you needn’t. (No, you don’t have to.)
4. shall和should
(1) 表示允许或命令(常用于第二、第三人称) 。
(2) 表示征求意见(常用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中) 。
5. will和would
表示意志或决心、有礼貌的请求、习惯动作和预言。
6. had better
其意为“最好”、“应该”，后接动词原形，had通常缩略为’d；构成否定式时，通常将not置于had better之后，而不是had之后。
如：You’d better get some sleep. 你最好去睡一会儿。
You’d better not go there by yourself. 你最好不要一个人去那里。
考点 2. 三组易混情态动词的用法区别
1. must与have to的区别
强调重点不同：两者都表示“必须”，但must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to 侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意。
如：It’s too late. I must go home now.
I lost my pen so I had to use a pencil instead.
2. can与be able to的区别
(1) can只有两种时态形式，现在式can和过去式could, 而be able to有多种时态形式。
如：Mary can play the piano. She has been able to play it since she was five.
玛丽会弹钢琴。她五岁起就会弹了
(2) be able to可用将来时态表示某人将来具备的能力，而can不能用于将来时态。但表示现在决定将来是否有能力做某事时，可用can。
如：I can finish the article tomorrow. 我可以在明天写完这篇文章。
3. can’t与may not的区别：
(1) can’t有两个意思：若表示能力，can’t意为“不能”；若表示推测，can’t意为“不可能”。
如：I can’t finish it on time. 我不能按时完成。
He can’t be so rich. 他不可能那么富有。
(2) may not 也有两个意思：若表示许可，may not意为“不许可” 、“不可以”；若表示推测，may not意为“可能不 ”。
如：Visitors may not feed the animals. 参观者不得给动物喂食。
He may not be able to help but there’s no harm in asking him.
他可能帮不了忙，但是求他一下倒也无妨。
1.（2023·北京） —Must I stay here and wait for you
—No you ________. You can go home now.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——我必须待在这里等你吗？——不，你不需要。你现在可以回家。
考查动词辨析。needn’t不需要；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Must I stay here and wait for you ”可知，用情态动词must提问，其否定回答应用needn’t表示“不需要”。故选A。
2. （2023·广州·语法选择）He __ __ eat big meals and did not go hungry any more.
A. could B. might C. should D. must
【答案】A
【解析】句意：他能够吃掉大餐，再也没有挨饿了。
could能够；might可能；should应该；must必须。根据“...eat big meals and did not go hungry any more.”可知是能吃掉大餐。故选A。
3. （2023·武汉）—Excuse me, but we ________ wait in line to get on the subway.
—I’m sorry.
A. might B. would C. could D. should
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——对不起，我们应该排队上地铁。——我很抱歉。
考查情态动词辨析。might可以；would将；could可以；should应该。根据“but we …wait in line to get on the subway”可知，应该排队上地铁，故选D。
1.（2023·湖北鄂州）—_________ I take photos here
—Sorry, you can’t. It’s not allowed in the museum.
A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我可以在这里拍照吗？——对不起，你不能。博物馆不允许拍照。
考查动词辨析。Must必须；Need需要；Can可以；Will将会。根据答语“Sorry, you can’t”可知，用can提问，用can/can’t回答。故选C。
2. （2023·湖北黄石）Young Chinese people ________ keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground.
A. should B. can C. may D. need
【答案】A
【解析】句意：中国青年要胸怀祖国，志存高远，脚踏实地。
考查情态动词。should应该；can能够；may可以；need需要。根据“Young Chinese people ....keep the motherland at heart...”可知，此处是建议中国青年应该做什么，故选A。
3. （2023·湖北荆州）—You _______ take the subway to the airport, for I can drive you there directly.
—That’s very kind of you.
A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你不必坐地铁去机场，因为我可以直接开车送你去。——你真是太好了。
考查情态动词。can’t不能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“take the subway to the airport, for I can drive you there directly.”可知开车送他去机场，所以不必坐地铁。故选B。
4.（2023·襄樊）. —Does the sports watch belong to Mary
—It ________ be hers. She is the only one who wears the sports watch in our class.
A. can’t B. must C. might D. could
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——这块运动手表是玛丽的吗？——一定是她的。她是我们班唯一戴运动表的人。
考查情态动词。can’t不可能；must一定；might可能；could能够。根据“She is the only one who wears the sports watch in our class.”可知玛丽是班里唯一戴运动表的人，所以这块运动手表一定是玛丽的，表达有把握的肯定推测用must。故选B。
5.（2023· 湖南邵阳） —What are you going to do this weekend
—I’m not sure. I ________ go shopping.
A. must B. should C. may
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——这个周末你打算做什么？——我不确定。我可能会去购物。
考查动词辨析。must必须；should应该；may可能。根据“I’m not sure.”可知，不确定，所以是不太肯定的推测，故选C。
6.（2023·江苏连云港 ）Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We ________ learn to protect ourselves.
A. might B. should C. could D. would
【答案】B
【解析】句意：地震可能非常危险。我们应该学会保护自己。
考查情态动词。might可能；should应该；could能；would将。根据“We...learn to protect ourselves.”可知此处是表示建议，我们应该学会保护自己，故选B。
5.（2023·江苏无锡 ） Oh, come on! ________ you doubt everything I say I’m not a three-year-old!
A. Can’t B. Can C. Mustn’t D. Must
【答案】D
【解析】句意：哦，别这样！你非得要怀疑我所说的一切吗？我不是三岁小孩！
考查情态动词的用法。Can’t不能；Can能；Mustn’t禁止；Must偏要，非得。根据“...you doubt everything I say I’m not a three-year-old!”可知，此处是抱怨的语气，“你非得要怀疑我所说的一切吗”，用must表示“偏要、非得”。故选D。
6.（2023·江苏镇江 ）5. The new app about fashion is really free and you ________ pay money for it.
A. may B. must C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
【答案】D
【解析】句意：这款关于时尚的新应用程序真的是免费的，你不需要付费。
考查情态动词。may可以；must必须；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不需要。根据“The new app about fashion is really free”可知，这款app是免费的，不需要付费。故选D。
7.（2023·河北 ）If we ________ find a better way, we’ll finish the job faster.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
【答案】A
【解析】句意：如果我们能找到更好的方法，我们就能更快地完成这项工作。
考查情态动词。can能；can’t不能；must必须；mustn’t禁止。根据“ ...find a better way, we’ll finish the job faster”可知，此处指要是能找到更好的方法，就能更快地完成工作，故选A。
8.（2023·黑龙江 ） — Is that boy in a white shirt over there Leo
— No, it ________ be him. He has gone to Kunming.
A. must B. can’t C. might
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——那个穿白衬衫的男孩是里奥吗？——不，不可能是他。他去昆明了。
考查情态动词。must一定；can’t不可能；might也许。根据“ No, it ...be him. He has gone to Kunming.”可知，他去昆明了，所以不可能是他，故选B。
9.（2023· 天津）—Would you like to visit Tianjin University tomorrow
—Sorry, I’m afraid I ________. I’ll work as a volunteer in my community.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你明天想参观天津大学吗？——对不起，我恐怕不能。我要在我的社区做志愿者。
考查情态动词。can能够；can’t不能；must必须；mustn’t禁止。根据“I’ll work as a volunteer in my community.”可知不能去参观天津大学。故选B。
10.（2023· 云南）—Excuse me, may I use my phone now
—Sorry, you ________. The plane is taking off.
A. need B. needn’t C. can D. can’t
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——对不起，我现在可以用电话吗？——对不起，你不能。飞机马上要起飞了。
考查情态动词。need需要；needn’t没必要；can可以；can’t不能。根据“The plane is taking off.”可知此处是作否定回答。can’t“不能”符合语境。故选D。
11.（2023· 山东滨州）—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it
—It ________ be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.
A. can B. must C. need D. might
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——剪纸很生动。是谁做的？——一定是Mary。除了她，我们谁也做不到。
考查情态动词。can能；must一定；need需要；might可能。根据“None of us except her is able to do it”可知除了Mary，没有人能做，所以一定是Mary做的。故选B。
12.（2023· 山东青海） —Is that Jim running on the playground
—It ________ be him. He is always in the library at this time.
A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. needn’t
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——在操场上跑步的是吉姆吗？——不可能是他。这个时候他总是在图书馆。
考查动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不可能；needn’t不需要。根据“It...be him. He is always in the library at this time.”可知，吉姆这个时候都在图书馆，所以不可能在操场跑步，故选C。
13.— _______ we clean the classroom at once
— No, you _______. You _______ clean it after school.
A. Must; needn’t; may B. Must; mustn’t; can
C. Shall; can’t; must D. Need; mustn’t; may
【答案】A
【解析】情态动词的用法。根据前后句意可推断对方在询问“我必须马上打扫教室吗？”。而must引导的一般疑问句否定回答用needn’t。故选A。
14. — Good morning. I've got an appointment with Ms. King in her office.
— Morning. You _______be Mr. Jones. This way, please.
A. will B. must C. can D. might
【答案】B
【解析】情态动词的用法。will将要，表意愿；must 必须；应该，表猜测时，用于肯定句，意为“一定”，可能性较大；can能，会，表猜测时，常用于否定句和疑问句；might 可能，表猜测时，可能小。依据句意“你一定是琼斯先生吧。”，故选B。
15. .Mike, you play with fire. You burn yourself.
A. won't; can't B. have got to; shouldn't
C. don't have to; must D. mustn't; might
【答案】D
【解析】句意：迈克，你不能玩火。你可能会烧伤自己。
本题考查情态动词。A.不会不能；B.必须，不应该；C.不必，必须；D.禁止；可能。第一空，根据句意可知，此空是禁止的意思，此空故填 mustn't，第二空，是表示猜测，应填might，故选D。
16. — Whose backpack is this
— It _______ be Jim’s. Look, his student’s card is in it.
A. must B. can C. mustn’t D. can’t
【答案】A
【解析】情态动词表推测由“他的学生证在书包里面。” 可知“这个书包一定是吉姆的。”
17.As middle school students, we follow the public rules wherever we go.
A. would B. should C. might D. could
【答案】B
【解析】句意：作为中学生，无论去哪里，我们都应该遵守公共规则。A. would将会；B. should应该；C. might可能；D. could可以。should 作为情态动词，通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务，译作“应该”、“应当”。故答案为B。
18.–Mum, may I go to see a film with my cousin
- You _______ go if you have finished your homework.
A. must B. need C. should D. can
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——妈妈，我可以和我表妹去看电影吗 ——你可以去如果完成了你的家庭作业。考查情态动词辨析。must必须，强调主观意愿；need需要，指有必要；should应该，表建议；can可以，表许可。本句是条件状语从句，主句表示允许，根据if you have finished your homework.可知选D。
19.-Some people don't show their talents at the very beginning.
-I agree. Even Einstein ____________ read until he was seven.
A. can't B. mustn't C. couldn't D. needn't
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——有些人在一开始并没有展示他们的才能。——我同意。爱因斯坦甚至直到七岁才识字。考查情态动词辨析。can't 不能，表示没有能力，couldn't是其过去式；mustn't不能，表禁止；needn't不需要，指没有必要。根据Some people don't show their talents at the very beginning.可知七岁前几乎没有能力读书，根据until he was seven可知用一般过去时，故选C。
20.The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light, so you _____ worry about its weight..
A. must B. may C. can’t D. needn’t
【答案】D
【解析】句意：设计者已经尝试了所有可能的方法使机器变轻，所以你不必担心它的重量。must必须；一定；may可以；可能；can’t不能；不可能；needn’t不必，没有必要。根据句意The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light可知，设计者在努力使机器变轻，所以担心是没有必要的。故应选D。
21.According to the notice, guests at this hotel __________use the sports center at no extra cost.
A. can B. should C. must D. need
【答案】A
【解析】句意“根据通知，在这个宾馆的顾客可以不用额外地出钱就能使用体育中心”。A.能，可以；B.应该；C.必须；D.需要。根据句意可知，表示“能使用体育中心、可以使用体育中心”，故选A。
22.We don’t allow taking magazines out, but you ____________ copy the article you need on the machine over there.
A. can B. must C. should D. would
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们不允许带杂志出去，但是你可以在那边的机器上复印你需要的文章。考查情态动词辨析。A. can可以、能够；B. must必须，一定；C. should应该；D. would将会。根据语境：我们不允许带杂志出去，但是你_____在那边的机器上复印你需要的文章。结合选项可知can符合题意，故答案选A。
23.-It's too hot._ ______ I swim in the lake
-No, you____. That's too dangerous!
A. Should; can't B. Need; mustn't C. Must; needn't D. Could; can't
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词的辨析。should表示“应该，应当”；must表示“必须”；need意为“需要”；mustn’t表示“禁止，不允许”；needn't意为“不需要”，一般用来回答以must开头的一般疑问句；could表示“能，可以”，语气更委婉；can't表示“不能”。由句意“——太热了，我能在湖里游泳吗？——不，你不能。那太危险了！”可知，第一空用could向对方提出请求；第二空表示拒绝，故选D
24.-Can we walk across the road now
-No, we________. We have to wait until the light turns green.
A. couldn't B. needn't C. shouldn't D. mustn't
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——现在我们可以过马路吗？——不，不允许。我们必须等到交通灯变绿。Couldn’t不可以；needn't没必要；shouldn't不应该；mustn't禁止，不允许。结合语境“Can we...？”和下文“我们必须等到交通灯变绿”可知答案。故选D
25.-Mom,____I play computer games this evening
-Sure, but you________ finish your homework first.
A. can；must B. can；mustn't C. may；could D. may；can't
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——妈妈，今天晚上我能玩电脑游戏吗？——当然，但是你必须先完成你的家庭作业。根据Sure，可知是回答请求，结合but 可知“必须要先完成作业”。故选A。
26. Maths isn’t very difficult. You ________ be afraid of it. You can come and ask for help.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. wouldn’t D. needn’t
【答案】D
【解析】 句意：数学不是很难。你不需要害怕它。你可以来寻求帮助。 考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；can’t不会；wouldn’t不能；needn’t不需要。根据“You…be afraid of it. You can come and ask for help.”可知，此处指的是“不需要害怕”，应用needn’t。故选D。
27. You ______ go and see a doctor if you are not well before Monday.
A. couldn’t B. had better C. shouldn’t D. need to
【答案】B
【解析】 句意：如果你星期一之前身体不好，最好去看医生。 考查情态动词。couldn’t不能；had better最好；shouldn’t不应该；need to需要。根据“if you are not well before Monday”可知如果还没有好，最好去看医生。故选B。
28. —Do I have to hand in my report now —Of course, you ________. We’re going to discuss it.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
【答案】C
【解析】 句意：——我必须现在交报告吗？——当然，你必须这样做。我们要讨论一下。 考查情态动词。can能；can’t不能；must必须；mustn’t禁止。根据“Do I have to hand in my report now ”可知，句中含有have to“不得不，必须”，此处为肯定回答，使用must。故选C。
29. You ______ work on your own in the lab. It is against the rules!
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. won’t D. couldn’t
【答案】A
【解析】 句意：你不能在实验室里独自工作。这是违反规定的！ 考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要；won’t将不；couldn’t不能。根据“It is against the rules!”可知，这违反校规，所以是禁止的，故选A。
30. —Daniel, you _________ spread the books all over the floor. It is a rule. —Sorry, I won’t.
A. couldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. wouldn’t
【答案】C
【解析】 句意：——丹尼尔，你不能把书撒得满地都是。这是规矩。——对不起，我不会了。 考查情态动词辨析。couldn’t不能，can’t的过去式，表示不允许；needn’t不必，指没有必要；mustn’t不能，表禁止；wouldn’t不会，won’t的过去式。根据“It is a rule”，可知禁止乱扔书本。故选C。
31. —Excuse me. Can you tell me what time it is now —Sorry, I _________. My watch doesn’t work.
A. can’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. needn’t
【答案】A
【解析】 句意：——打扰了，你能告诉我现在是几点吗？——对不起，我不能。我的表不工作了。根据句意及题干分析可知，can构成的一般疑问句的回答应用can，此句的回答是否定形式，故选A。
32. —It's quite bright here. Let's just keep the window open. —Yes. We________ leave the light on.
A. couldn't B. shouldn't C. will D. wouldn't
【答案】B
【解析】 句意：——这儿很亮，我们就把窗子开着吧。 ——是的，我们不应该开着灯。 考查情态动词。couldn't不能；shouldn't不应该；will将、会；wouldn't将不会。根据“It's quite bright here. Let's just keep the window open.”可知，这很亮，所以不应该开着灯，表建议。故选B。
33. —What do you think we common people ________ do for our motherland during the Covid-19 breakout —I think we ________ do anything except staying at home and do some exercise to keep ourselves fit.
A. must; can’t B. may; mustn’t C. need; shouldn’t. D. can; needn’t
【答案】D
【解析】 句意：——在新冠肺炎疫情期间，您认为我们老百姓能为祖国做些什么？——我认为我们不需要做任何事情，除了待在家里和做一些锻炼来保持健康。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须；can’t不能够；may可能；mustn’t禁止；need必须；shouldn’t不应该；can能够；needn’t不必。根据“What do you think we common people … do for our motherland during the Covid-19 breakout”可知，此处询问能做些什么；根据“I think we … do anything except staying at home and do some exercise to keep ourselves fit”可知，不需要其他的事情，只能待在家里和做锻炼，故选D。
34. — May I smoke here — No, you ________. No smoking in the school yard.
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
【答案】C
【解析】 句意：——我可以在这里抽烟吗？——不，你不能。禁止在校园里吸烟。 考查情态动词。needn’t不必；wouldn’t不会；mustn’t不得；couldn’t不可以。根据“No smoking in the school yard.”可知学校里禁止吸烟，以May开头的一般疑问句，否定回答中用can’t或mustn’t。故选C。
35. —There is someone knocking at the door. I wonder who it ________ be.
—It ________ be Peter. He phoned to tell me he would come here soon.
A. must; must B. could; must C. might; can’t D. might; mustn’t
【答案】B
【解析】 句意：——有人在敲门。我想知道可能是谁。 ——一定是彼得。他打电话告诉我他很快就会来这里。 考查情态动词。此题先考虑第二个空，must一定；can’t不可能；mustn’t禁止。根据“He phoned to tell me he would come here soon.”可知，敲门的“一定”是弗兰克，填must。C/D不正确。第一个空，must必须、一定；could能、可能。根据“I wonder who it…be.”可知，这里表示推测。A不正确。故选B。
36. —________ I swim here —I’m sorry. Children _______ swim alone here.
A. Must , can’t B. May , must C. Can, mustn’t D. Can’t can
【答案】C
【解析】 难度适中，must是必须，may是可能，can可能，can的意图更大一些，这里问我是否能再这里游泳，应该用can，借东西一般用may，答句是很严肃的说法，应该用must，答案选C。
37. These flowers don’t always need ________, so you _______ them every day.
A. to water; don’t need to water B. watering; needn’t to water
C. to water; don’t need water D. watering; don’t need to water
【答案】D
【解析】 句意：这些花并不总是需要浇水，所以你不需要每天浇水。 考查动词need的用法。need doing sth.“某物需要被……”，实义动词need接动词-ing形式作宾语时，主动形式表达被动意义，此处表达花需要被浇水，排除A与C；need作情态动词时，否定形式为needn’t，后接动词原形，排除B；need作实义动词时，可用短语need to do sth.“需要做某事”，否定句中要借助助动词don’t/doesn’t。故选D。
38. Children above 1.2 meters in height ________ buy a ticket on the bus.
A. can B. may C. should D. will
【答案】C
【解析】 句意：身高1.2米以上的儿童应在公共汽车上买票。 考查情态动词。can能，会；may可以；should应该；will将要。根据“Children above 1.2 meters in height”可知，身高1.2米以上的儿童应买票。故选C。
39. ---Lucy is walking the dog in the park. ---She be. Listen! She is singing loudly in her room.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn't D. won’t
【答案】A
【解析】 句意： - 露西正在公园里遛狗。 - 她不可能在遛狗。听！她正在房间里大声唱歌。本题考察情态动词表示 “ 猜测 ” 之意。 A. can’t 不可能，表示有把握的否定猜测； B. mustn’t 不许，表示禁止性的语言； C. needn't 不需要； D. won’t 将来时态的否定助动词。根据后文 Listen! She is singing loudly in her room. 可知，对 “ 露西在遛狗 ” 做出有把握的 “ 否定猜测 ” 。故选 A。
40. Smokers smoke in all indoor public places from March 1st, 2017.
A. can't B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
【答案】D
【解析】 句意：从 2017 年 3 月 1 日开始，抽烟的人禁止在所有的室内公共场合抽烟。 考查情态动词。A. can't（不能，表许可）；B. shouldn't（不该，表义务或建议）；C. needn't（不必，表必要性）；D. mustn't（不许，表禁止）；“抽烟的人不准在所有的室内公共场合抽烟”是表示禁止，故选D。
41 To keep children away from danger during the coming summer holiday, parents _____give them some safety tips.
A. should B. may C. could D. might
【答案】A
【解析】 句意 ： 为了让孩子们在即将到来的暑假里远离危险，父母应该给他们一些安全提示。 A. should 情态动词，应该，表示责任或义务； B. may 情态动词，可以，能，表示请求许可； C. could 情态动词，能、可以，表示请求许可，语气委婉； D. might 情态动词，可能，语气比 could 更委婉与不确定。根据语境可知，本题表示 “ 责任或义务 ” 之意。故选 A。
42. I have my own room in my house, so I ________ do what I want in it.
A. must B. have to C. need to D. can
【答案】D
【解析】 句意：我有我自己的房间，所以我可以在我自己的房间里做我想做的事情 。must 必须； have to 不得不； need to 需要； can 能。根据句意可知，这里应用 can ，表示“能够做某事”，故选 D。
43. Bob can not go out to play, because he ________ help his dad in the garden.
A. can B. can’t C. has to D. may
【答案】C
【解析】 句意：Bob不能出去玩，因为他不得不帮他爸爸在花园里干活。 考查情态动词。can能；can’t不能；has to不得不；may可能。根据“ Bob can not go out to play, because he ... help his dad ” 可知，Bob不得不帮助爸爸，这是客观原因，且主语是第三人称单数。故选C。
44. —Excuse me, when are we going to have a picnic —I’m not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He ________ know.
A. need B. can C. may D. shall
【答案】C
【解析】 句意：——打扰一下，请问我们什么时候去野餐？——我不确定。请问一下我们的班长。他可能知道。 考查情态动词辨析。need需要；can能够；may可能；shall将。根据“I’m not sure.”可知，应是推测班长可能会知道，表示不确定的推测，用may。故选C。
45. ___________ I bring you all the magazines right now — No, you don’t have to, but you give them to me tomorrow.
A. May, can B. Should, must C. Can, can D. Must, had better
【答案】D
【解析】 试题分析：句意为：---我必须给你马上把所有的杂志都拿来吗？---不，不必。但是你最好明天给我。Can表示能够，may表示可能，should表示应该，must表示必须，had better表示最好做某事。根据语境可知，这里表示必须，不得不，并建议作某事，结合选项可知应选D。 考点：考查情态动词的用法。
46. I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词表推测和虚拟语气。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+have done，再根据后句but I’m not sure可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故选D。
47. —You ________ sit down or stand, just as you wish.
—Thank you. I’ll stand until I feel tired.
A. must B. may C. will D. have to
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你可以坐下或者站着，按照你想要的来。——谢谢，我会站着，直到我感到累。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须；may可以；will将要；have to不得不。根据“just as you wish.”可知，此处指随意，按照自己的意愿来选。故选B。
48.【2023·吉林长春】This _______ be Alice’s guitar. Hers is still in my house.
A. should B. can’t C. must D. needn’t
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：这不可能是爱丽丝的吉他。她的还在我家里。should应该；can’t不可能；must必须，一定；needn’t不必。根据“Hers is still in my house.”可知此处表示语气强烈的否定推测，用can’t。故选B。
49.【2023·辽宁抚顺】The lovely boy ________ ride the bike at the age of six.
A. must B. could C. need D. should
【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：那个可爱的男孩在6岁时就会骑自行车了。must必须；could可以；need需要；should应该。根据“at the age of six”可知该句应用情态动词could表示“过去的能力”。故选B。
50.【2023·江苏宿迁】According to the traffic rules, people ________ ride e-bikes without wearing helmets.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. may not D. might not
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：根据交通规则，人们禁止骑电动车不戴头盔。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；may not可能不；might not可能不。根据“According to the traffic rules”可知是规则，结合常识可知禁止骑电动车不戴头盔。故选A。
三. 用适当的情态动词填空
1. —What __________ I do for you
—I want some bananas.
2. Tom __________ ride a bike, but he can’t drive a car.
3. You are ill, Tom. You __________ see a doctor.
4. Children __________ play basketball in the street.
5. If you are not careful, a car __________ hit you.
6. —__________ I come in
—Yes, you may. Come in, please.
7. A blind man __________ see anything.
8.Nobody_________live without air and water.
9.The book__________ be returned before Saturday.
10.You_________give up smoking at once. It's bad for your health.
11.The train will leave at half past six, so I__________ get there fifteen minutes earlier.
12.You don't________ worry about her. She is much better now.
【答案】1.can 2.can 3.must 4.mustn’t 5.may 6.May/can 7.can’t 8.can’t 9.must 10.must 11.must 12.have to
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
