中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题4 被动语态
语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。本专题目的是要完全掌握被动语态的构成，能在语境中正确判断被动语态使用及时态变化。熟练掌握中考的考向及解题方法及思路。
被动语态在中考中一般以单项选择题，语法选择，选词填空，完成句子出现在中考的试卷中。各省市主要考查一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，含情态动词的被动语态。考查的难点就是要判断是否要使用被动语态，这是历来学生出错的地方。判断的方法就是掌握动作的执行者和承受着这一概念。
考向一：被动语态的定义
定义：①主语是动作的执行者（即某人做某事），叫主动语态。
②主语是动作的承受着（即某事被做）叫被动语态。
英语中只有两种语态，一种为主动语态，另外一种为被动语态。被动语态就相当于我们中文的被字句。
主动语态 被动语态
表示主语是动作的执行者，谓语的动作源自主语，而施加于宾语 表示主语是动作的承受者，主语是谓语动作的受动方
汉语往往用"把"等动词来表示 主动意义。 汉语往往用"被""受"等被动词来表示被动意义 。
直接使用动词原形作为谓语 基本形式：be + done
考向二：被动语态的构成
一般现在时 am \ is \ are + done
一般过去时 was \ were + done
一般将来时（带情态动词） will（情态动词）+ be + done
1.（2023·广州·语法选择）This little one ____ Little Six. He was weak and quiet.
A. called B. was calling C. was called D. were called
【答案】C
【解析】句意：这只小鸟被叫做小六。
called称呼，过去式；was calling正在叫；was called被叫做，主语是第一人称或单数；were called被叫做，主语是第二人称或复数。此处“This little one”与“call”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是单数。故选C。
2. （2023·广州·完成句子） 我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。
I hope one day my art works ________ ________ ________ in the art gallery.
【答案】will be shown
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，show表示“展出”，是动词，和主语之间是被动关系，结合“I hope one day”可知，句子应用一般将来时的被动语态：will be done。故填will；be；shown。
3. （2023·湖北鄂州） —What language ________ in Germany
—Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.
A. speak B. is spoken C. is speaking D. speaks
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——在德国说哪种语言？——大多数人会说德语，但也有很多人会说英语。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子应用一般现在时，句子主语language与动词speak存在逻辑上的被动关系，则句子采用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。
4. （2023·安徽）Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they ________ into schools.
A. introduce B. introduced C. are introduced D. were introduced
【答案】D
【解析】句意：自从计算机被引入学校以来，它们对学习方法产生了很大的影响。
考查时态和语态。since引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主语“they”指代“Computers”，与谓语动词introduce“引进”之间是动宾关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态（were done）。故选D。
1.（2023·北京）The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ________ every year.
A. are planted B. were planted C. plant D. planted
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这个公园变得越来越美丽因为每年都有更多种花被种。
考查时态和语态。主语“more kinds of flowers”与动词plant之间是动宾关系，结合“every year”可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are done。故选A。
2. （2023·江苏连云港）To make the environment much better, more trees ________ next year.
A. plant B. will plant C. are planted D. will be planted
【答案】D
【解析】句意：为了使环境更好，明年将种植更多的树。
考查一般将来时被动语态。主语more trees与动词plant之间被动关系，结合next year可知，此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故选D。
3.（2023·江苏徐州）The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ________ by people of all ages.
A. is loved B. was loved C. will love D. is loving
【答案】A
【解析】句意：孙悟空是中国的一个传统人物。它受到所有年龄段的人的喜爱。
考查被动语态及动词时态。根据“by”可知，此处是被动语态，指孙悟空被人们喜爱。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时。故选A。
4.（2023·江苏连云港）While everyone ________ the comics page, I picked up a copy to see what was so funny.
A. is laughing at B. laughed at C. laughs at D. was laughing at
【答案】D
【解析】句意：当每个人都在笑漫画页时，我拿起一本，想看看是什么这么好笑。
考查动词时态和被动语态。laugh at“嘲笑”，本文是while引导的时间状语从句，强调从句动作正在进行时主句动作发生，结合“I picked up a copy”可知，从句时态用过去进行时（was/were doing），故选D。
5.（2023·江苏镇江）When I was a pupil, some of my pocket money ________ to buy comic books.
A. use B. is used C. used D. was used
【答案】D
【解析】句意：当我还是个学生的时候，我的一些零花钱被用来买漫画书。
考查被动语态。分析题干可知，主语pocket money和动词use之间是被动关系，结合“When I was a pupil”可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。
6.（2023·黑龙江牡丹市）The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou from September 23 to October 8, 2023.
A. was held B. will hold C. will be held
【答案】C
【解析】句意：第十九届亚运会将于2023年9月23日至10月8日在杭州举行。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据时间状语“from September 23 to October 8, 2023.”可知，句子时态用一般将来时，且主语“The 19th Asian Games”和谓语动词hold之间是被动关系，因此应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为：will be+动词的过去分词。故选C。
7.（2023·吉林） —The environment of this town is better now.
—That’s because lots of trees ________ here many years ago.
A. are planted B. were planted C. will be planted
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——这个城镇的环境现在好多了。——那是因为许多年前这里种了许多树。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合时间状语“many years ago”可知，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
8.（2023·大连）The Qatar World Cup ________ from November 21 to December 18 last year.
A. holds B. held C. was held D. is held
【答案】C
【解析】句意：卡塔尔世界杯于去年11月21日至12月18日举行。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语“The Qatar World Cup”是动作“hold”的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
9.（2023·山东滨州）13. —Can he get the first prize in the race
—He ________ so, but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impossible now.
A. will expect to do B. is expected doing
C. has expected doing D. was expected to do
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——他能在比赛中获得第一名吗？——大家都希望他这样，但他只是把腿弄伤了。现在不可能了。
考查动词时态和语态。主语He和expect之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，结合“but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impossible now.”可知，期望的动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，be expected to do sth“被期望做某事”，固定短语，故选D。
10.（2023·） Hou Yi ________ magic medicine for shooting down the nine suns, then Pang Meng tried to steal it.
A. gives B. has given C. gave D. was given
【答案】D
【解析】句意：后羿因射下了九个太阳而得到了神药，然后逄蒙想偷走它。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语Hou Yi与谓语动词give是被动关系，又根据“then Pang Meng tried to steal it”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were+动词过去分词”，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was，故选D。
11. — What should we do first if we want to develop our village
— First of all, a new road ______, I think.
A. must build B. has to build C. must be built D. has built
【答案】C
【解析】考查被动语态的用法。当主语是动作的承受着时要用被动形式。这里a new road是动词build的承受着。所以要用被动语态。含情态动词的被动语态构成；情态动词+be+PP.故答案选C
12. This English song _________ by the girls after class.
A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般现在时被动语态的结构为be动词+动词过去分词，歌是被唱的，故选D。
13. Attention, please! All the mobile phones ____ during the meeting.
A. must be kept off B. are keeping off
C. kept off D. have kept off
【答案】A
【解析】考查被动语态的用法。当主语是动作的承受着时要用被动形式。这里All the mobile phones“所有手机”是动词keep off（关机）的承受着。所以要用被动语态。含情态动词的被动语态构成；情态动词+be+PP.故答案选A
14.Many of the stars ______ because they are far away from us.
A. may not see B. needn’t see
C. can not be seen D. mustn’t be seen
【答案】C
【解析】这里考查含情态动词的被动语态形式。May 可能。needn’t不必。Can not 不能，mustn’t 禁止。这里表示“能，会”所以选C。
15.— Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday
— I’m not sure. Because I _______ so far.
have invited B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t been invited D. will be invited
【答案】C
【解析】这里考查现在完成时的被动语态。So far 与现在完成时连用。现在完成时的被动语态构成：have （has）been + PP。故答案选C
15．—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike!
—Sorry, Mum. It ___ _yesterday. I forgot to do it.
A. didn’t clean B. isn’t cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn’t cleaned
【答案】D
【解析】句意：— —哦，你的房间太脏了，迈克！ — —对不起，妈妈。昨天没有打扫。我忘了做。A为一般过去时，主动语态；B为一般现在时的被动句；C为一般过去时的被动句；D为一般过去时的被动句。根据yesterday.可知，本题的时态为一般过去时，因此排除B；再根据I forgot to do it. 我忘了做。说明没有打扫房间，因此排除C；句中的主语It是代指上文的your room，your room做主语，应该用被动语态，选项A为主动语态，排除，故选D。
16．﹣Excuse me，sir，smoking _____ in the gas station．
﹣Oh，I'm awfully sorry．
A．doesn't allow B．is allowed
C．aren't allowed D．isn't allowed
【答案】D
【解析】 根据前文是smoking抽烟，动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，后文是in the gas station在加油站，结合选项，推测意思是加油站不允许抽烟，由于主语smoking是动作的承受者，故用被动语态，结合下文时态I'm awfully sorry，即一般现在时的表示否定的被动语态，结构是am/is/are+not+done，故选D．
17. Daming ______ if he doesn't finish his homework first． That's the rule．
A．is punished B．was punished C．will be punished D．punished
【答案】C
【解析】if引导的条件状语从句，根据句义可知主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时．主句的主语Daming与谓语动词punish之间是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态，由will be +过去分词构成
故选：C．
18.A lot of stars in the sky at night in summer.
A. can be seen B. can see C.is seen D. might see
【答案】A
【解析】考查被动语态。分析句意可推知,在夏天的晚上,在天空中能看到很多星星。该句的主语为stars,是动
19 —The final exam is coming, Tom. Don't watch TV for too long.
—I'm not a child anymore. I what to do.
A. should always be told B. should always tell
C .shouldn't always be told D. shouldn't always tell
【答案】C
【解析】考查被动语态。由前一句答语“我不再是个小孩了”可推知,后一句表示“我不应该总是被告诉做什么”。故选C。
20.— Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday
— I’m not sure. Because I _______ so far.
have invited B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t been invited D. will be invited
【答案】C
【解析】这里考查现在完成时的被动语态。So far 与现在完成时连用。现在完成时的被动语态构成：have （has）been + PP。故答案选C
21．（2023·江苏扬州三模）That was his first invention. It was a machine ________ clothes.
A．that was used to wash B．which was used to washing
C．which got used to washing D．that used to wash
【答案】A
【解析】句意：那是他的第一项发明。那是一台用来洗衣服的机器。
考查固定搭配。根据“It was a machine”和“ clothes”可知此处用be used to do sth. “被用于做某事”；根据“ was ”可知为一般过去时，故选A。
22．（2023·江苏盐城二模）Three more new schools ________ in our city next year.
A．will build B．is built C．build D．will be built
【答案】D
【解析】句意：明年，在我们的城市里将再建3所新学校。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。句子的主语Three more new schools和谓语动词build之间是被动关系，再结合“next year”可知该句应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为：will be built。故选D。
23．（2023·江苏南二模）—Have you heard of the music Kiss the Rain
—Yes. It _________ every Saturday evening by my daughter when she was young.
A．has played B．is played C．was played D．plays
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你听过《雨的印记》这首音乐吗？——是的。我女儿小的时候每个星期六晚上都演奏这首歌。
考查被动语态。主语it和谓语play“演奏”之间是被动关系，根据“when she was young”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选C。
24．（2023·江苏宿迁三模）—Wow! All the bread in this store ________.
—Yes. The bread there always ________.
A．sells out; tastes well B．sells out; is tasted good
C．is sold out; is tasted well D．is sold out; tastes good
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——哇！这家商店里所有的面包都卖完了。——是的。那里的面包味道总是很好。
考查被动语态以及形容词作表语。第一个句子的主语all the bread和谓语sell out“卖光”之间是被动语态be done，排除AB；系动词taste后作表语用形容词，排除C。故选D。
25．（2023·江苏宿迁三模）—May I watch Running Man 3 this Friday evening, mom
—Of course, if your homework ________ by then.
A．will be finished B．finishes C．will finish D．is finished
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——这个星期五晚上我可以看《奔跑吧兄弟3》吗，妈妈？——当然，如果那时你的作业完成了。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。homework是finish这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态，排除B、C；if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时表将来，此处是一般现在时的被动语态。故选D。
26．（2023·河北廊坊二模）The letter ________ in French. I can’t read it.
A．write B．will write C．is written D．will be written
【答案】C
【解析】句意：这封信是用法语写的，我看不懂。
考查被动语态。主语the letter与谓语动词write之间是被动关系， 用被动语态，即be动词+动词的过去分词。由“can’t”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，所以be动词是is，write的过去分词是written。故选C。
27．（2023·山东菏泽二模）— Could I ride an electric bicycle to school, Mr. Wang
— No, you ________. Students under the age of 16 ________ to ride electric bicycles.
A．can’t；don’t allow B．can’t；aren’t allowed C．couldn’t；shouldn’t allow
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——王老师，我可以骑电动自行车上学吗？——不，你不能。16岁以下的学生禁止骑电动自行车。
考查情态动词和被动语态。原文中的“Could I … ”并不表示过去时态，而是表更委婉的请求和许可。根据语境可知，此处表达的是现在的许可，回答应用can’t，C选项可排除。第二空主语“Students”和谓语“allow”之间为动宾关系，故应用被动语态，故选B。
28．（2023·江苏泰州二模）—How exciting! The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou in September 2023.
—Yes, I can’t wait to watch the Games.
A．holds B．is holding C．was held D．will be held
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——太激动人心了！第十九届亚运会将于2023年9月在杭州举行。——是的，我等不及要去看亚运会了。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“in September 2023”可知句子应用一般将来时，主语The 19th Asian Games与动词hold存在逻辑上的被动关系，因此句子应用一般将来时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：will be+过去分词。故选D。
29．（2023·湖北武汉二模）—Is there anything we should pay special attention to during the final exam
—Of course. Students shall remain in their seats until all the papers ________.
A．were collected B．have been collected C．collect D．will collect
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——期末考试中有什么我们需要特别注意的吗？——当然。学生们应呆在座位上直到所有的试卷被收完。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。由“the papers”可知，试卷与收集之间存在被动关系，故排除C和D；又由“Students shall remain in their seats until”可知，句子应用现在完成时被动语态，描述造成的影响，其结构为“have/has+been+动词过去分词”，故选B。
30．（2023·河北唐山·统考二模）Look at the picture. The top ten Most-Improved students ________ in it.
A．will be listed B．list C．will list D．are listed
【答案】D
【解析】句意：看这幅图。成绩上升最快的10个学生在里面。
考查时态。描述事实，用一般现在时，主语students与list之间是动宾关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。故选D。
31．（2023·江苏南京二模）—Kitty, did you enjoy the farewell party
—Yes. We ________ well by our hosts.
A．were treated B．are treated C．treated D．have treated
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——凯蒂，你喜欢这个告别晚会吗？——是的。主人对我们招待得很好。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“did you enjoy...”可知，讲述的是过去发生的事情，所以时态是一般过去时，结合“ by our hosts”可知，我们是被招待的对象，所以用被动语态，这里是一般过去时的被动语态，结构是（was/were done），故选A。
32．（2023·湖北襄阳一模）—I hear that the film Langya Shan Five Heroic Men (《狼牙山五壮士》) ________ next week.
—Really Let’s go and see together then.
A．will show B．is shown C．will be shown D．showed
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我听说电影《狼牙山五壮士》将于下周上映。——真的吗？那我们一起去看看吧。
考查被动语态。主语the film与谓语动词show之间是被动关系，用被动语态，即“be动词+过去分词”。由next week可知，句子是一般将来时。一般将来时的被动语态是“will be+过去分词”，即will be shown。故选C。
33．（2023·山东菏泽一模）Mary looked very nervous when she ________ to the famous scientist.
A．introduced B．was introduced C．is introduced
【答案】B
【解析】句意：当玛丽被介绍给这位著名的科学家时，她看起来非常紧张。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“ when she...to the famous scientist.”可知，主语“she”和“introduce介绍”之间是被动关系，且根据“looked”可知，应是一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
34．（2023·天津南开一模）This project started five years ago and it ________ next year.
A．was completed B．completed C．will complete D．will be completed
【答案】D
【解析】句意：这个项目五年前就开始了，明年就要完工了。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语This project和谓语complete为逻辑上的动宾关系；根据“next year”可知，时态为一般将来时，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
35．（2023·江苏南通一模）—How many books can ________ at a time, Mrs Green
—At most three. And you can ________ them for ten days before you must return or renew them.
A．borrow; keep B．be borrowed; keep C．borrow; borrow D．be borrowed; borrow
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——格林夫人，一次可以借多少本书？——最多三本。你可以借十天，然后再归还或续借。
考查短暂性动词和延续性动词及动词语态。borrow借，短暂性动词；keep保留，借，延续性动词。主语“books”与动词borrow之间是动宾关系，问句是含情态动词的被动语态，其结构为can be done；再由“for ten days”可知第二空用延续性动词keep。故选B。
36．（2023·山东菏泽二模）On several streets in Zibo, lines ________ outside barbecue (烧烤) restaurants. Sometimes the lines stretch (伸展) for more than 100 meters on the weekend.
A．can be seen B．can see C．see
【答案】A
【解析】句意：在淄博的几条街道上，可以看到烧烤餐厅外排起了长队。有时在周末，队伍会延伸100多米。
考查被动语态。lines与see是被动关系，要用被动语态；can是情态动词，后跟动词原形，即can be done。故选A。
37．（2023·山东淄博二模）The old people should ________ by us.
A．be take good care of B．take good care of
C．be taken good care of D．took good care of
【答案】C
【解析】句意：老人应该被我们好好照顾。
考查被动语态。根据句意及“should”和“by”可知空缺处用情态动词的被动语态，即should+be+done。故选C。
38．C
38．（2023·湖北二模）The Monkey King is a Chinese cartoon hero. He ________ by people of all ages.
A．will love B．was loved C．is loved D．will be loved
【解析】句意：孙悟空是一个中国漫画英雄。他受到各个年龄段的人的喜爱。
考查谓语动词时态和语态。根据“by people of all ages.”可知受到各个年龄段的人，应用被动语态，时态为一般现在时，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
39．（2023·江苏南京预测）You won’t know how the beauty of this classical work _________ unless you read it again and again.
A．express B．expressed C．is expressed D．has expressed
【答案】C
【解析】句意：除非你一遍又一遍地读，否则你不会知道这部经典作品的美是如何表达的。
考查被动语态。“the beauty of this classical work”和动词express“表达”之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态结构：be done，表示“这部经典作品的美被表达”，故选C。
40．（2023·河北保定二模）Uncle Sam plans to build a special house. It ________ out of old things.
A．is built B．has built C．was built D．will be built
【答案】D
【解析】句意：山姆大叔计划建一座特别的房子。它将用旧的东西建造。
考查被动语态。根据“plans to build”可知计划去做，说明还没有做，动作是发生在将来，主语和动词之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，故选D。
二、 用所给单词的适当时态和语态填空(综合训练题，本题更能检测学生语言运用能力。)
1. The student ___________(clean) the classroom now.
2. Light ____________(travel) much faster than sound.
3. Our teacher said that she _______________ (assign) more homework if we did bad in the exams.
4.I _______________ (see) a wonderful film last night.
5. The students ___________ (have) a medical examination next month.
6. Many stories ________________________ (write) by the writer last year.
7. Yesterday we _______________________ (play) football after school.
8. A young man often _________________ (ask) me some difficult questions.
9. A wonderful party _______________________ (give) to him next week.
10. Mother ___________________ (tell) me a story every night.
11. Rice _____________________(plant) in China.
12. Tom ___________________(use) computer every Saturday.
13. Maths ____________________(teach) by Mr. Chen in our class.
14. English ____________________(speak) all over the world.
15. The film ____________________ (show) last night.
16. We ________________(paint) the house before we moved in.
17.Before I repaired my bike, my mother (buy) a new one for me.
18.Great changes _________ (take) place in our country during the past 20 years.
19. The book written by Mo Yan _______(translate)in 2014.
20.People (build) The bridge over the river three years ago.
21. I _____________ (see) the film three times.
22. His parents __________ (stay) in the countryside for over 50 days.
23. Sarah ______________ (borrow) five books from the library three days ago.
24. Sarah __________ (keep) the books since three days ago.
25 David __________ (be) interested in music when he was young.
26 David __________ (be) interested in music since he was young.
27.These papers _________ (not write) yet.
28.The work __________ (finish) in two hours.
29. The room _________(look) very clean, it ___________(clean).
30.By the time he was 26 years old, he and his partners (build) a successful fashion company.
31. They ______________ (practise ) singing at that time
32. While he _____________ ( read ) , he _________ ( listen ) to the music yesterday.
33. She promised to help him and _________ (give)him three golden apples.
34.A new road _________(build) near my school next year.
35. She and I _______ （take）a walk together every evening.
36.My aunt is a writer. She _______ (write)more than ten books since 2000.
37.The train _________(arrive) already. When _______ it ________(arrive) I don’t know.
38.It _______________ ( rain ) when I went out yesterday.
39. He wanted to know if it ___________(rain) tomorrow. If it____________(rain) tomorrow, he ________(visit) his friends.
40.He __________(stay)here to study French in 2022. He _________(stay) here to study French since 2022.
【答案】1.is cleaning 2.travels 3.would assign 4.saw 5.will have 6.were written 7.played 8.asks
9.will be given 10.tells 11.is planted 12.uses 13.is taught 14.is spoken 15.was showed 16.had been 17.had gone 18.have taken place 19.was translated 20.built 21.have seen 22.have stayed 23.borrowed 24.has kept 25.was 26.has been 27.haven’t written 28.will be finished 29.looks has been cleaned 30.had built 31.were practicing 32.was reading was listening 33.gave 34.will be built 35.take 36.has written 37.has arrived did arrive 38.was raining 39.would rain rains will visit 40.stayed has stayed
三、完成句子
1. 为了进一步美化校园，下个月会在学校种很多树。
Next month many trees _________ __________ __________ in our school to make it more beautiful.
【答案】will be planted
2. 在中国，到处都有人打羽毛球。
In China, badminton ____________ ___________ everywhere.
【答案】is played
3. 下一周，格林先生将被邀请做一个有关语言学习的讲座。
Mr. Green _________ __________ __________ to give a speech on language learning next week.
【答案】will be invited
4. 这种自行车是在上海生产的。
This kind of bike _____________ ___________ in Shanghai.
【答案】is produced/made
5. 所有的信件都必须放在这个绿色纸箱内。
All the letters ___________ __________ ___________ in this green paper box.
【答案】must be put
6. Look! The lights __________ __________ ____________ ____________.
【答案】are being turned off
7. 你的卧室必须马上打扫干净。
Your bedroom _______ ______ ________ right now.
【答案】must be cleaned
8. 这项工作可以下周完成。
The work _______ _______ _________ next week.
【答案】may be finished
9.禁止带宠物入内。
Pets _______ _________ __________ into the building.
【答案】mustn’t be taken
10已经买了好多水果和零食。
A lot of fruit and snacks _______ _______ _______.
【答案】have been bought
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题4 被动语态
语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。本专题目的是要完全掌握被动语态的构成，能在语境中正确判断被动语态使用及时态变化。熟练掌握中考的考向及解题方法及思路。
被动语态在中考中一般以单项选择题，语法选择，选词填空，完成句子出现在中考的试卷中。各省市主要考查一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，含情态动词的被动语态。考查的难点就是要判断是否要使用被动语态，这是历来学生出错的地方。判断的方法就是掌握动作的执行者和承受着这一概念。
考向一：被动语态的定义
定义：①主语是动作的执行者（即某人做某事），叫主动语态。
②主语是动作的承受着（即某事被做）叫被动语态。
英语中只有两种语态，一种为主动语态，另外一种为被动语态。被动语态就相当于我们中文的被字句。
主动语态 被动语态
表示主语是动作的执行者，谓语的动作源自主语，而施加于宾语 表示主语是动作的承受者，主语是谓语动作的受动方
汉语往往用"把"等动词来表示 主动意义。 汉语往往用"被""受"等被动词来表示被动意义 。
直接使用动词原形作为谓语 基本形式：be + done
考向二：被动语态的构成
一般现在时 am \ is \ are + done
一般过去时 was \ were + done
一般将来时（带情态动词） will（情态动词）+ be + done
1.（2023·广州·语法选择）This little one ____ Little Six. He was weak and quiet.
A. called B. was calling C. was called D. were called
【答案】C
【解析】句意：这只小鸟被叫做小六。
called称呼，过去式；was calling正在叫；was called被叫做，主语是第一人称或单数；were called被叫做，主语是第二人称或复数。此处“This little one”与“call”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是单数。故选C。
2. （2023·广州·完成句子） 我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。
I hope one day my art works ________ ________ ________ in the art gallery.
【答案】will be shown
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，show表示“展出”，是动词，和主语之间是被动关系，结合“I hope one day”可知，句子应用一般将来时的被动语态：will be done。故填will；be；shown。
3. （2023·湖北鄂州） —What language ________ in Germany
—Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.
A. speak B. is spoken C. is speaking D. speaks
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——在德国说哪种语言？——大多数人会说德语，但也有很多人会说英语。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子应用一般现在时，句子主语language与动词speak存在逻辑上的被动关系，则句子采用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。
4. （2023·安徽）Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they ________ into schools.
A. introduce B. introduced C. are introduced D. were introduced
【答案】D
【解析】句意：自从计算机被引入学校以来，它们对学习方法产生了很大的影响。
考查时态和语态。since引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主语“they”指代“Computers”，与谓语动词introduce“引进”之间是动宾关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态（were done）。故选D。
1.（2023·北京）The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ________ every year.
A. are planted B. were planted C. plant D. planted
2. （2023·江苏连云港）To make the environment much better, more trees ________ next year.
A. plant B. will plant C. are planted D. will be planted
3.（2023·江苏徐州）The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ________ by people of all ages.
A. is loved B. was loved C. will love D. is loving
4.（2023·江苏连云港）While everyone ________ the comics page, I picked up a copy to see what was so funny.
A. is laughing at B. laughed at C. laughs at D. was laughing at
5.（2023·江苏镇江）When I was a pupil, some of my pocket money ________ to buy comic books.
A. use B. is used C. used D. was used
6.（2023·黑龙江牡丹市）The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou from September 23 to October 8, 2023.
A. was held B. will hold C. will be held
7.（2023·吉林） —The environment of this town is better now.
—That’s because lots of trees ________ here many years ago.
A. are planted B. were planted C. will be planted
8.（2023·大连）The Qatar World Cup ________ from November 21 to December 18 last year.
A. holds B. held C. was held D. is held
9.（2023·山东滨州）13. —Can he get the first prize in the race
—He ________ so, but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impossible now.
A. will expect to do B. is expected doing
C. has expected doing D. was expected to do
10.（2023·） Hou Yi ________ magic medicine for shooting down the nine suns, then Pang Meng tried to steal it.
A. gives B. has given C. gave D. was given
11. — What should we do first if we want to develop our village
— First of all, a new road ______, I think.
A. must build B. has to build C. must be built D. has built
12. This English song _________ by the girls after class.
A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung
13. Attention, please! All the mobile phones ____ during the meeting.
A. must be kept off B. are keeping off
C. kept off D. have kept off
14.Many of the stars ______ because they are far away from us.
A. may not see B. needn’t see
C. can not be seen D. mustn’t be seen
15.— Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday
— I’m not sure. Because I _______ so far.
have invited B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t been invited D. will be invited
15．—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike!
—Sorry, Mum. It ___ _yesterday. I forgot to do it.
A. didn’t clean B. isn’t cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn’t cleaned
16．﹣Excuse me，sir，smoking _____ in the gas station．
﹣Oh，I'm awfully sorry．
A．doesn't allow B．is allowed
C．aren't allowed D．isn't allowed
17. Daming ______ if he doesn't finish his homework first． That's the rule．
A．is punished B．was punished C．will be punished D．punished
18.A lot of stars in the sky at night in summer.
A. can be seen B. can see C.is seen D. might see
19 —The final exam is coming, Tom. Don't watch TV for too long.
—I'm not a child anymore. I what to do.
A. should always be told B. should always tell
C .shouldn't always be told D. shouldn't always tell
20.— Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday
— I’m not sure. Because I _______ so far.
have invited B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t been invited D. will be invited
21．（2023·江苏扬州三模）That was his first invention. It was a machine ________ clothes.
A．that was used to wash B．which was used to washing
C．which got used to washing D．that used to wash
22．（2023·江苏盐城二模）Three more new schools ________ in our city next year.
A．will build B．is built C．build D．will be built
23．（2023·江苏南二模）—Have you heard of the music Kiss the Rain
—Yes. It _________ every Saturday evening by my daughter when she was young.
A．has played B．is played C．was played D．plays
24．（2023·江苏宿迁三模）—Wow! All the bread in this store ________.
—Yes. The bread there always ________.
A．sells out; tastes well B．sells out; is tasted good
C．is sold out; is tasted well D．is sold out; tastes good
25．（2023·江苏宿迁三模）—May I watch Running Man 3 this Friday evening, mom
—Of course, if your homework ________ by then.
A．will be finished B．finishes C．will finish D．is finished
26．（2023·河北廊坊二模）The letter ________ in French. I can’t read it.
A．write B．will write C．is written D．will be written
27．（2023·山东菏泽二模）— Could I ride an electric bicycle to school, Mr. Wang
— No, you ________. Students under the age of 16 ________ to ride electric bicycles.
A．can’t；don’t allow B．can’t；aren’t allowed C．couldn’t；shouldn’t allow
28．（2023·江苏泰州二模）—How exciting! The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou in September 2023.
—Yes, I can’t wait to watch the Games.
A．holds B．is holding C．was held D．will be held
29．（2023·湖北武汉二模）—Is there anything we should pay special attention to during the final exam
—Of course. Students shall remain in their seats until all the papers ________.
A．were collected B．have been collected C．collect D．will collect
30．（2023·河北唐山·统考二模）Look at the picture. The top ten Most-Improved students ________ in it.
A．will be listed B．list C．will list D．are listed
31．（2023·江苏南京二模）—Kitty, did you enjoy the farewell party
—Yes. We ________ well by our hosts.
A．were treated B．are treated C．treated D．have treated
32．（2023·湖北襄阳一模）—I hear that the film Langya Shan Five Heroic Men (《狼牙山五壮士》) ________ next week.
—Really Let’s go and see together then.
A．will show B．is shown C．will be shown D．showed
33．（2023·山东菏泽一模）Mary looked very nervous when she ________ to the famous scientist.
A．introduced B．was introduced C．is introduced
34．（2023·天津南开一模）This project started five years ago and it ________ next year.
A．was completed B．completed C．will complete D．will be completed
35．（2023·江苏南通一模）—How many books can ________ at a time, Mrs Green
—At most three. And you can ________ them for ten days before you must return or renew them.
A．borrow; keep B．be borrowed; keep C．borrow; borrow D．be borrowed; borrow
36．（2023·山东菏泽二模）On several streets in Zibo, lines ________ outside barbecue (烧烤) restaurants. Sometimes the lines stretch (伸展) for more than 100 meters on the weekend.
A．can be seen B．can see C．see
37．（2023·山东淄博二模）The old people should ________ by us.
A．be take good care of B．take good care of
C．be taken good care of D．took good care of
38．（2023·湖北二模）The Monkey King is a Chinese cartoon hero. He ________ by people of all ages.
A．will love B．was loved C．is loved D．will be loved
39．（2023·江苏南京预测）You won’t know how the beauty of this classical work _________ unless you read it again and again.
A．express B．expressed C．is expressed D．has expressed
40．（2023·河北保定二模）Uncle Sam plans to build a special house. It ________ out of old things.
A．is built B．has built C．was built D．will be built
二、 用所给单词的适当时态和语态填空(综合训练题，本题更能检测学生语言运用能力。)
1. The student ___________(clean) the classroom now.
2. Light ____________(travel) much faster than sound.
3. Our teacher said that she _______________ (assign) more homework if we did bad in the exams.
4.I _______________ (see) a wonderful film last night.
5. The students ___________ (have) a medical examination next month.
6. Many stories ________________________ (write) by the writer last year.
7. Yesterday we _______________________ (play) football after school.
8. A young man often _________________ (ask) me some difficult questions.
9. A wonderful party _______________________ (give) to him next week.
10. Mother ___________________ (tell) me a story every night.
11. Rice _____________________(plant) in China.
12. Tom ___________________(use) computer every Saturday.
13. Maths ____________________(teach) by Mr. Chen in our class.
14. English ____________________(speak) all over the world.
15. The film ____________________ (show) last night.
16. We ________________(paint) the house before we moved in.
17.Before I repaired my bike, my mother (buy) a new one for me.
18.Great changes _________ (take) place in our country during the past 20 years.
19. The book written by Mo Yan _______(translate)in 2014.
20.People (build) The bridge over the river three years ago.
21. I _____________ (see) the film three times.
22. His parents __________ (stay) in the countryside for over 50 days.
23. Sarah ______________ (borrow) five books from the library three days ago.
24. Sarah __________ (keep) the books since three days ago.
25 David __________ (be) interested in music when he was young.
26 David __________ (be) interested in music since he was young.
27.These papers _________ (not write) yet.
28.The work __________ (finish) in two hours.
29. The room _________(look) very clean, it ___________(clean).
30.By the time he was 26 years old, he and his partners (build) a successful fashion company.
31. They ______________ (practise ) singing at that time
32. While he _____________ ( read ) , he _________ ( listen ) to the music yesterday.
33. She promised to help him and _________ (give)him three golden apples.
34.A new road _________(build) near my school next year.
35. She and I _______ （take）a walk together every evening.
36.My aunt is a writer. She _______ (write)more than ten books since 2000.
37.The train _________(arrive) already. When _______ it ________(arrive) I don’t know.
38.It _______________ ( rain ) when I went out yesterday.
39. He wanted to know if it ___________(rain) tomorrow. If it____________(rain) tomorrow, he ________(visit) his friends.
40.He __________(stay)here to study French in 2022. He _________(stay) here to study French since 2022.
三、完成句子
1. 为了进一步美化校园，下个月会在学校种很多树。
Next month many trees _________ __________ __________ in our school to make it more beautiful.
2. 在中国，到处都有人打羽毛球。
In China, badminton ____________ ___________ everywhere.
3. 下一周，格林先生将被邀请做一个有关语言学习的讲座。
Mr. Green _________ __________ __________ to give a speech on language learning next week.
4. 这种自行车是在上海生产的。
This kind of bike _____________ ___________ in Shanghai.
5. 所有的信件都必须放在这个绿色纸箱内。
All the letters ___________ __________ ___________ in this green paper box.
6. Look! The lights __________ __________ ____________ ____________.
7. 你的卧室必须马上打扫干净。
Your bedroom _______ ______ ________ right now.
8. 这项工作可以下周完成。
The work _______ _______ _________ next week.
9.禁止带宠物入内。
Pets _______ _________ __________ into the building.
10已经买了好多水果和零食。
A lot of fruit and snacks _______ _______ _______.
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