Unit 1 Helping those in need 阅读 2023-2024学年牛津深圳版（广州沈阳通用）八年级英语下册（含解析）

2024年 牛津深圳版八年级下册
Unit 1　Helping those in need
第二讲 阅读
Part 1 重点句子讲解
1．Three teenagers offered to do some voluntary work during the school holidays.
三名青少年主动提出在学校假期期间去做义工。
offer to do sth.(主动)提出做某事
★随堂练
(1)If you _______________ (offer) the chance to study abroad now, you need to think it over because of some safety issues.
(2)___________________________________________，the better world we will have.
我们越主动帮助身边的人，我们就越会有更美好的世界。
2．The children there all suffer from serious illnesses.
那里的孩子们都遭受着严重疾病的折磨。
suffer from 因……受苦；受折磨
★随堂练
(1)During the Spring Festival many people here ___________(suffer) from bad cold.
(2)Do you often _______________ headaches 你常头疼吗？
3．My mother and I will continue to visit Vivien.
我和妈妈将继续去看望维维恩。
continue to do sth.继续做某事
★随堂练
(1)If Lucy continued ______ _________ in class, she would get the warning letter from school.
如果露西继续在课堂上睡觉，她将会收到学校的警告信。
(2)_______ ____________ the research, he took risks to take the sample out from the mouth of a tiger.
为了继续他的研究，他冒险从老虎嘴巴里取出样品。
4．They have difficulty walking or moving．
他们行动有困难。
have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
★随堂练
(1)Since you have so much difficulty in ____________ (learn) French, why not change your major into other subjects
(2)Going through ______________ (difficulty) can help us grow faster and better.
5．I taught them to sing because music can bring them joy and peace.
我教他们唱歌，因为音乐能带给他们喜悦和宁静。
teach sb.to do sth.教某人做某事 teach sb. sth 教某人某事
★随堂练
(1)He promised to teach us how ______ ________ the violin, but actually he only talked about some theories.
他答应教我们怎样拉小提琴，但事实上他只谈论了一些理论而已。
(2)My parents always teach me ______ ______ friendly to others.
我的父母总教我要待人友善。
6．We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits.
我们需要帮助像蒂姆一样的孩子，使他们鼓起勇气。
need to do sth.需要做某事
★随堂练
(1)I don't ________ ______ ________ the text again and again, because I have already memorized it the moment I saw it.
我不必一遍又一遍地读这篇课文，因为我一看到它就已经记住了。
(2)There is no need ____________ (argue) with your boss, because he cannot understand your creative ideas.
课文语法填空
Three teenagers offered 1._________(do) some voluntary work during the school holidays.They wrote the following reports.
I did some 2._____________(volunteer) work in a children's hospital. The children there all suffer from serious illnesses.We organized a painting 3._____________(compete) for them.I met a girl 4._________(call) Cindy. She wanted 5._________(paint) a picture of the park near her home.I went there and took some photos of it.Cindy used them for her painting.
—Betty
There are many children without parents.I met some of these children with my mother.We taught them to tell stories.This helps them express their 6.____________(feel)．One child said, “My friends don't understand my pain.” We spent time with a girl called Vivien.Her parents died in a car accident, and she is unhappy and very lonely. She needs friendship.My mother and I will continue to visit Vivien.
—Mark
I wanted to help 7.____________(able) children.They have difficulty 8._________(walk) or moving.I taught them 9.___________(sing) because music can bring them joy and peace.I met a boy called Tim.He 10._______ (hurt) his legs in an accident, but he has lots of courage.We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits.I will continue to do voluntary work in the future.
—Annie
Part 2 综合训练
一、完形填空
I'll always remember the first time I tried ballet（芭蕾）.My mother was a （1）　 　 and I wanted to be like her，but after making mistakes during my first class，I wanted to （2）　 　 right away.However，I told my mom I couldn't wait to dance again.
My dance teacher announced that we were going to perform in a show.I was afraid of （3）　 　 my mom，so I practiced hard for the show.Weeks passed，my dancing didn't get any （4）　 　.Finally，I went to my mom to tell her how I felt.She only laughed and told me she would teach me all she knew about ballet.
My mom quickly discovered how bad at ballet I was，but she still taught me with the greatest （5）　 　 love and understanding.When I jumped and fell，she was there to （6）　 　 me.When I lost my balance，she held me up.By the time the show （7）　 　 ，I was as prepared as I could be.
Breathing calmly（平静地），I began moving to the music without missing a step.When the music stopped，I （8）　 　 the stage（舞台） and laughed in excitement.
My mom gave me a huge hug，telling me how （9）　 　 she was.I looked my mom in the eye and told her that there was no way this could have happened without her.I know that my mom will （10）　 　 be there to catch me if I fall.
（1）A.musician B.artist C.director D.dancer
（2）A.continue B.quit C.practice D.learn
（3）A.lighting B.cheering C.upsetting D.comforting
（4）A.better B.worse C.more D.less
（5）A.pain B.patience C.regret D.doubt
（6）A.catch B.carry C.bring D.take
（7）A.stopped B.got C.ended D.began
（8）A.run over B.run off C.run out D.run after
（9）A.proud B.sad C.angry D.relaxed
（10）A.seldom B.never C.always D.sometimes
阅读理解
A
As everyone know，the Encyclopaedia Britannica is the oldest English﹣language encyclopaedia.Actually，more than 300 years before it a Chinese encyclopaedia called the Yongle Dadian or the Yongle Encyclopaedia had already been there.
In 1403，the Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty asked Xie Jin to complete a collection of every subject and every known book of Chinese.One year later，Xie，along with a team of over 100 people，finished the first version of the encyclopaedia named A Complete Work of Literature.
However，the emperor wasn't happy with it because it was completed so quickly and he thought the content wasn't enough.In 1405，he asked Yao Guangxiao to compile（编纂） the encyclopaedia.The number of people included rose to 2，196.Two years later，they completed the work and won praise from the emperor who named the encyclopaedia after his reign name.Then it took the team another year to write the final version.The Yongle Encyclopaedia was finally completed in 1408.
The Yongle Encyclopaedia contained 22，973 scrolls in 11，095 volumes，and it included all kinds of subjects，such as history，geography，medicine，art and science.It is the largest encyclopaedia ever compiled in the world.However，over the years，many volumes have been lost.Today 221 volumes of the Yongle Encyclopaedia are safely kept in the National Library of China in Beijing.
（1）What do we know about the Yongle Encyclopaedia？ 　 　
A．It appeared earlier than the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
B．It is as famous as the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
C．About 200 people worked on it together.
D．It was completed in 1403 in the﹣end.
（2）What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about？ 　 　
A．The collection of Xie Jin.
B．The oldest book in Chinese history.
C．The Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty，
D．The first version of the Yongle Encyclopaedia.
（3）Why wasn't the emperor happy with the first version？ 　 　
A．Because he thought it didn't include enough things.
B．Because there were a lot of mistakes in it.
C．Because it was finished too slowly.
D．Because nobody wanted to read it.
（4）What can we learn from the last paragraph？ 　 　
A．The subjects of the Yongle Encyclopaedia cover all sides of people's lives.
B．We can find some volumes of the Yongle Encyclopaedia in the National Library of China.
C．Most volumes of the Yongle Encyclpaedia are safely kept in Beijing.
D．The Yongle Encyclopaedia had 22，973 volumes.
（5）What is the purpose of the passage？ 　 　
A．To tell us the history of the encyclopaedia.
B．To encourage us to read rmore encyclopaedias.
C．To introduce the Yongle Encyclopaedia to us.
D．To show us how to use the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
B
A foreign teacher from Bristol，the UK has spent lots of time doing voluntary work，including years of visiting old soldiers and supporting poor students in Changde，Hunan Province.
James has worked as a foreign teacher at Hunan University of Arts and Science for eight years and is taken as a great teacher.When he was a child，James felt like he had something to do with China.Now he's been working on helping those in need.
James cares about a group of old soldiers who fought in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.He's been a volunteer in the local aid centre of Changde for those old soldiers for over six years.
He often goes together with other volunteers to distant villages to visit old soldiers. "Charity （慈善） is everyone's duty.Old soldiers should be given enough care.The society should and must help them，" James said.
In September 2014，James won Hunan's seventh Xiaoxiang Friendship Award，an award given by the People's Government of Hunan Province to foreigners who made contributions （贡献） to Hunan.
James is now applying for a Chinese green card.He hopes to be able to become rooted in China and do something to achieve his Chinese dream step by step.
"A person might be successful if they have enough food to eat and a lot of money.But my dream is to help more people live a better life，" he said.
（1）James' voluntary work does NOT include 　 　.
A．fighting in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression
B．giving money to poor students
C．taking care of old soldiers
D．visiting old soldiers in the distant villages
（2）What is James' opinion about charity？ 　 　
A．Only the government should care about it.
B．It has nothing to do with poor people.
C．Rich people must do more charity work than others.
D．Everyone should do something for it.
（3）What can we infer （推断） from the passage？ 　 　
A．James will help more people in China.
B．It is difficult for James to live in China forever.
C．James isn't happy with his job in China.
D．James won't stay in China for a long time.
（4）What's the best title of the passage？ 　 　
A．What voluntary work is for
B．Everyone's duty in society
C．A kind foreign volunteer in China
D．How to achieve our Chinese dreams
三、语法填空
Han Hong is a famous singer in China.She is always ready to help those in need.
During the Spring Festival，2020， （1）　 　 terrible disease（疾病） called COVID﹣19（新冠肺炎） broke out in Wuhan，the capital city of Hubei province.Han Hong （2）　 　（cancel） her concert at once，which she （3）　 　（plan） to put on in Wuhan on Feb 29.Instead，she threw （4）　 　（she） into the volunteer work of helping those in need.
"When you're going through a situation （5）　 　 this，you simply want to do anything you can to help.There are so many kind people out there，" writes a fan （6）　 　 raised money through Han's foundation（基金会）. "It's good to know that there are trucks with medical things （7）　 　（go） straight to the medical staff（员工）." In the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake， （8）　 　（lucky） for many people，they （9）　 　（make） homeless.To help them，Han Hong put on a charity（慈善） performance for Wenchuan，Sichuan province，after a great earthquake.
Over the years，she has helped lots of people in need in many occasions（场合）. "Many great artists in the world are （10）　 　（know） for their great love.That's the amazing thing about human nature，" Han said.
参考答案
Part 1重点句子讲解
1.(1)are offered
(2)The more we offer to help people around us
2.(1)suffered (2)suffer from
3.(1)to sleep (2)To continue
4.(1)learning (2)difficulties
5.(1)to play (2)to be
6.(1)need to read (2)to argue
课文语法填空
1．to do 2．voluntary 3．competition
4．called 5．to paint 6．feelings
7．disabled 8．walking 9．to sing
10．hurt
Part 2 综合训练
一、完型填空
【答案】DBCAB ADBAC
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一个女孩第一次尝试芭蕾舞的经历。她因为妈妈是芭蕾舞者而受到了影响，虽然一开始遇到困难想要放弃，但最终决定坚持下去。在妈妈的鼓励和指导下，她最终克服了困难，成功地在表演中展现了自己的成果。她感激妈妈的支持，知道无论何时妈妈都会在她身边支持她。
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：我妈妈是一名舞蹈演员，我想和她一样，但在第一节课上犯了错误后，我想马上退出。A音乐家；B艺术家；C导演；D舞者。根据前句I'll always remember the first time I tried ballet（芭蕾）.（我将永远记得我第一次尝试芭蕾舞的情景。）语境可知，应是我妈妈是一名舞蹈演员。故选D。
（2）考查动词。句意：我妈妈是一名舞蹈演员，我想和她一样，但在第一节课上犯了错误后，我想马上退出。A继续；B退出；C练习；D学习。根据前句but after making mistakes during my first class，（但在第一节课上犯了错误后，）可知，应是想马上退出。故选B。
（3）考查动名词。句意：我害怕惹恼我妈妈，所以我为演出努力练习。A照亮；B欢呼；C使烦恼；D安慰。根据后句so I practiced hard for the show.（所以我为演出努力练习。）可知，应是害怕惹恼我妈妈。故选C。
（4）考查形容词。句意：几周过去了，我的舞蹈并没有变得更好。A更好的；B更糟糕的；C更多的；D更少的。根据下文Finally，I went to my mom to tell her how I felt.She only laughed and told me she would teach me all she knew about ballet.（最后，我去找妈妈，告诉她我的感受。她只是笑着告诉我，她会把她所知道的芭蕾舞都教给我。）语境可知，应是我的舞蹈并没有变得更好。故选A。
（5）考查名词。句意：我妈妈很快发现我在芭蕾舞方面有多糟糕，但她仍然以最大的耐心教会了我爱和理解。A疼痛；B耐心；C后悔；D怀疑。根据前句 My mom quickly discovered how bad at ballet I was，（我妈妈很快发现我在芭蕾舞方面有多糟糕，）和but的提示可知，应是她仍然以最大的耐心教会了我爱和理解。故选B。
（6）考查动词。句意：当我跳下去摔倒的时候，她就在那里抓住我。A抓住；B搬；C带来；D拿走。根据前句When I jumped and fell，（当我跳下去摔倒的时候，）可知，应是她就在那里抓住我。故选A。
（7）考查动词。句意：演出开始的时候，我已经尽我所能做好了准备。A停止；B得到；C结束；D开始。根据后句I was as prepared as I could be.（我已经尽我所能做好了准备。）可知，应是在演出开始的时候。故选D。
（8）考查动词短语。句意：当音乐停止时，我跑下舞台，兴奋地笑了起来。A轧过；B跑离；C用完；D追赶。根据前句When the music stopped，（当音乐停止时，）可知，应是跑下舞台。故选B。
（9）考查形容词。句意：我妈妈给了我一个大大的拥抱，告诉我她是多么的骄傲。A骄傲的；B伤心的；C生气的；D放松的。根据后句I looked my mom in the eye and told her that there was no way this could have happened without her.（我看着妈妈的眼睛，告诉她如果没有她，这是不可能发生的。）可知，应是演出成功，妈妈感到很骄傲。故选A。
（10）考查副词。句意：我知道，如果我摔倒了，妈妈会一直在那里抓住我。A很少；B从不；C总是；D有时。根据前句I looked my mom in the eye and told her that there was no way this could have happened without her.（我看着妈妈的眼睛，告诉她如果没有她，这是不可能发生的。）可知，应是如果我摔倒了，妈妈会一直在那里抓住我。故选C。
二、阅读理解
A
【答案】ADABC
【分析】本文主要介绍了中国的百科全书《永乐大典》的编纂和完善。
【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段As everyone knows，the Encyclopaedia Britannica is the oldest English﹣language encyclopaedia.Actually，more than 300 years before it a Chinese encyclopaedia called the Yongle Dadian or the Yongle Encyclopaedia had already been there.众所周知，《大英百科全书》是最古老的英语百科全书。实际上，早在300多年前，中国就有了一部百科全书，叫做《永乐大典》。可知《永乐大典》比《大英百科全书》出现得早。故选A。
（2）D.段落大意题。根据第二段One year later，Xie，along with a team of over 100 people，finished the first version of the encyclopaedia named A Complete Work of Literature.一年后，谢和一个100多人的团队完成了《文学全集》的第一版，可知本段主要讲了《永乐大典》的第一版。故选D。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据第三段However，the emperor wasn't happy with it because it was completed so quickly and he thought the content wasn't enough.然而，皇帝并不满意，因为它完成得太快了，他认为内容不够，可知皇帝对第一版本不满意的原因是内容不够。故选A。
（4）B.细节推理题。根据最后一段Today 221 volumes of the Yongle Encyclopaedia are safely kept in the National Library of China in Beijing.如今，221卷《永乐大典》被安全地保存在北京的中国国家图书馆，据此推断我们可以在中国国家图书馆找到《永乐大典》的一些卷。故选B。
（5）C.主旨大意题。根据第一段Actually，more than 300 years before it a Chinese encyclopaedia called the Yongle Dadian or the Yongle Encyclopaedia had already been there.实际上，早在300多年前，中国就有了一部百科全书，叫做《永乐大典》。可知本文主要介绍了《永乐大典》，据此判断本文的目的是向我们介绍《永乐大典》。故选C。
B
【答案】ADAC
【分析】本文主要介绍了一位在中国的外国志愿者。
【解答】（1）细节判断题。根据第一段A foreign teacher from Bristol，the UK has spent lots of time doing voluntary work，including years of visiting old soldiers and supporting poor students in Changde，Hunan Province.（作为一名来自英国布里斯托尔的外教，他花了大量的时间做志愿者工作，包括多年来看望老兵，资助湖南常德的贫困学生。）可知，詹姆斯的志愿工作不包括参加抗日战争。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Charity（慈善）is everyone's duty.（慈善是每个人的责任。）可知，詹姆斯认为慈善是每个人的责任，所以每个人都应该为慈善做点什么。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段He hopes to be able to become rooted in China and do something to achieve his Chinese dream step by step.（他希望能够在中国扎根，为实现自己的中国梦做点什么。）以及最后一段But my dream is to help more people live a better life.（但我的梦想是帮助更多人过上更好的生活。）可推知，詹姆斯将帮助更多的中国人。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段A foreign teacher from Bristol，the UK has spent lots of time doing voluntary work，including years of visiting old soldiers and supporting poor students in Changde，Hunan Province.（作为一名来自英国布里斯托尔的外教，他花了大量的时间做志愿者工作，包括多年来看望老兵，资助湖南常德的贫困学生。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一位在中国的外国志愿者。所以本文的最佳标题是"在中国的一位善良的外国志愿者"。故选C。
三、语法填空
【答案】（1）a（2）cancelled（3）was planning（4）herself（5）like（6）who（7）going（8）unlucky（9）were made（10）known.
【分析】文章主要讲述了中国著名歌手韩红，她总是乐于帮助那些需要帮助的人。在2020年春节期间，湖北武汉爆发新型冠状病毒后，她又投身于帮助那些需要帮助的人的志愿者工作。
【解答】（1）a.考查冠词。根据句意，2020年春节期间，湖北武汉爆发新型冠状病毒。结合空后的terrible disease，可知缺少修饰的冠词，来体现单复数概念，disease为可数名词，所以填入a。故答案为：a。
（2）cancelled.考查动词。根据句意，韩红立即取消了原定于2月29日在武汉举办的演唱会。本段讲的是2020年发生的事情，所以动词cancel用过去式cancelled。故答案为：cancelled。
（3）was planning.考查动词的时态。根据句意，韩红立即取消了原定于2月29日在武汉举办的演唱会。这里讲的是过去韩红将要举办的演唱会，结合语境，用过去进行时was planning。故答案为：was planning。
（4）herself.考查代词。根据句意，相反，她投身于帮助那些需要帮助的人的志愿者工作。结合提示词和固定搭配throw oneself into sth.将某人自己投身于某事中，主语为she，所以填入反身代词herself。故答案为：herself。
（5）like.考查介词。根据句意，当你经历这样的情况时，你会想尽一切办法帮忙。这里缺少介词连接空后的this，like作介词，表示像……一样，符合语境。故答案为：like。
（6）who.考查疑问代词。根据句意，一位通过韩寒基金会筹集善款的粉丝写道。本句为定语从句，空前的a fan是先行词，一个粉丝，所以要用指代人的引导词who来连接。故答案为：who。
（7）going.考查非谓语。根据句意，很高兴知道有运送医疗物资的卡车直接送到医务人员那里。分析句子结构可知，空处填入非谓语结构，go与主语trucks是逻辑上的主动关系，所以用going。故答案为：going。
（8）unlucky.考查形容词。根据句意，在2008年汶川地震中，许多人不幸，他们无家可归。这里讲的是汶川地震时的人们，所以用unlucky，表示不幸的。故答案为：unlucky。
（9）were made.考查动词的语态。根据句意，在2008年汶川地震中，许多人不幸，他们无家可归。结合提示词和固定搭配make sb./sth.+adj.使某人/某物……，这里主语为they，表示这些人们被地震造成的无家可归，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故答案为：were made。
（10）known.考查形容词。根据句意，世界上许多伟大的艺术家都以他们伟大的爱而闻名。结合提示词和固定搭配be known for sth.因为……而闻名。故答案为：known。