人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters 一轮复习单元知识点总结课件(共64张PPT)

(共64张PPT)
新人教版高中英语必修一Unit4 Natural Disasters
单元知识点总结课件
Listening and Speaking
核心词汇
教材原句p.48 Where are the floods 哪里发生了水灾？
1 flood n. & v.
（1）n. 洪水；大量
flood damage洪涝灾害 a flood of complaints 大量投诉
The river is in flood. 河水泛滥。
（2）vi. 淹没；大量涌入 vt. 使灌满水；淹没
flood in/into... 大量涌入……
flood out of sth. 蜂拥而出……
flood... with... 把…… 大量送至……；使……充满……
flood back（感觉或回忆）突然涌现
Telephone calls came flooding in from the local inhabitants. 当地居民的电话像潮水般打来。
Memories of my time in Paris flooded back. 在巴黎生活的回忆又涌上我心头。
搭配
单句语法填空
（1） Seeing what the homeless were experiencing，memories of her childhood came __________（flood） back.
（2） Large quantities of food are needed in the________（flood）areas now.
（3） Our washing machine broke down yesterday and ________（flood）the kitchen.
完成句子
（4） The child was _____________________（泪流满面）.
（5） The office _____________________ （堆满了） applications for the job.
flooding
flooded
flooded
in floods of tears
was flooded with
教材原句p.48 What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area 救援人员和士兵正在洪灾区做什么？
2 rescue n. & vt.
（1） n. 营救；救援
搭配：come to one’s rescue 来援救某人
rescue workers 救援人员　　a rescue team 救援队 rescue operation救援行动
The police came to his rescue and sent him home. 警察救了他，并把他送回家。
（2）vt. 营救；救援
搭配：rescue... from... 把……从……中救出来
rescue a child from drowning 救起一名落水儿童
rescue the company from ruin 拯救公司免于破产
Tom rescued a boy from the river on his way home. 汤姆在回家的路上从河里救了一个男孩。
单句语法填空
（1）They are trying to rescue the company________ ruin.
（2）A large number of soldiers were sent there ________（rescue） those trapped in the building.
完成句子
（3） The mother，along with her two children，________________________（被从……里救出来）the sinking boat by a passing ship.
（4）When we were trapped in the ruins，the soldiers _______________________（赶来救援）.
from
to rescue
was rescued from
came to our rescue
教材原句p.48 Which buildings were damaged in Seoul
在首尔，哪些建筑物被毁？
3 damage n. & vt.
（1）vt. 损害；破坏
搭配：be badly damaged 遭受严重损害
Plants were badly damaged by the freeze. 植物在冰冻期遭到严重破坏。
Smoking can damage our health. =Smoking can do damage to our health.
抽烟会损害我们的健康。
（2）n. 损坏；损失
搭配：do/cause damage to... 对……造成损害
This could cause serious damage to our environment.
这可能会对我们的环境造成严重的破坏。
brain damage 脑损伤 environmental damage 环境损害；环境破坏
suffer damage遭受损害 pay for the damage赔偿损失
prevent serious property damage 防止严重的财产损失
单句语法填空
（1） Eating too much meat one time will do damage ________ your stomach.
（2）Damage ________（cause） by the earthquake disaster was very serious.
一句多译
这个老农民非常难过，因为强风给他的小麦带来很大损害。
（3） The old farmer was very upset because the strong winds _____________________________ his wheat.
（4） The old farmer was very upset because his wheat _______________________ by the strong winds.
to
caused
caused great damage to
was badly damaged
教材原句p.49 82 killed，500，000 affected 82 人遇难，500 000 人受到影响
4 affect vt. 影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动
Your opinion will not affect my decision. 你的意见将不会影响我的决定。
Diseases affect almost everyone. 几乎每个人都生病。
The students were deeply affected by the story. 学生们被那个故事深深地打动了。
【词语积累】
affection n. 喜爱；钟爱 have an affection for 喜爱…… affecting adj. 动人的，感人的
【对比记忆】
effect n. 作用；影响 have an effect on ... 对……有影响
in effect 事实上，实际上 bring/put sth. into effect 实行，实施，使生效
come into effect 生效，开始实施 side effect 副作用
His teaching methods still have a strong effect on young people. 他的教学方法对年轻人仍然有很大的影响。
We must put this policy into effect. 我们必须把这个政策付诸实施。
单句语法填空
（1）With the government’s aid，those ________（affect）by the earthquake have moved to the
new settlements.
（2） Deeply ________（affect） by the story of the girl whose eyesight ____________（affect） by the disease，all the students moved into tears.
（3） I feel a lot of ________（affect） for my grandmother，who often tells me some ________（affect） stories.
完成句子
（4） The new law has ____________________（生效）；surely it will ___________________（对…… 有影响）the industry of the country.
affected
affected
was affected
affection
affecting
come into effect
have an effect on
教材原句p.49 Shelters set up by the government 政府建立的避难所
5 shelter n. & v.
（1）n. 避难处；居所；庇护
under the shelter of 在……的庇护下
take shelter from 躲避……
a homeless shelter无家可归者的收容所
They were standing under the shelter of a huge tree. 他们站在一棵大树下躲着。
We took shelter from the pouring rain in a bus stop. 我们在一个公共汽车站里躲避倾盆大雨。
（2）vt. 保护；掩蔽 vi. 躲避（风雨或危险）
shelter... from... 保护……免受…… shelter from... 躲避……
Trees shelter the house from the wind. 树给房子挡住了风。
We sat in the shade，sheltering from the sun. 我们坐在背阴处，没有晒到太阳。
单句语法填空
（1） The great elm trees gave them shelter ________the wind.
（2） We were caught in a thunderstorm，without anywhere__________（shelter）.
完成句子
（3） We reached an abandoned house，where we _______________________________（避雨）.
（4） Some parents are just too protective. They want to __________________________________（保护他们的孩子免受） every kind of danger，real or imagined.
from
to shelter
took shelter from the rain
shelter their children from
Reading and Thinking
核心词汇
教材原句p.50 In less than one minute，a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
1 ruin n. & vt. 破坏；毁坏
in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
go to ruin/fall into ruin 衰落，败落
reduce sth. to ruins 把某物夷为废墟
The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake，which made us awake all night.
地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。
They don’t want to see our country fall into financial ruin，or have children go hungry，or see schools fail.
他们不愿看到我们的国家陷入经济崩溃、或是让孩子们挨饿、或者学校停办。
The bad weather ruined our trip. 坏天气破坏了我们的旅行。
The country was ruined by the war. 这个国家因战争而遭到严重破坏。
搭配
【词语辨析】ruin，damage 与 destroy
（1）ruin 严重地“毁坏”，侧重指破坏事物的内在价值。
The illness has ruined my life. 这个病毁掉了我的生活。
（2）damage 部分性“破坏”“损坏”，一般还可以修复。
You have damaged my bike；you’d better get it repaired.
你弄坏了我的自行车，你最好找人修一修。
（3）destroy 彻底地“破坏”“毁坏”，一般不能或很难再修复。
The bomb completely destroyed that building.
炸弹彻底炸毁了那栋建筑。
单句语法填空
（1） Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ________（ruin），the city took on a new look.
（2）The whole town ___________（ruin）by the heavy storm last night. The army sent 10，000 soldiers to help rescue the trapped people.
完成句子
（3） Carl cares about nothing and has let the farm ___________________________（败落）.
（4） Ever since the earthquake，this place has been ________________（一片废墟）.
辨析填空：damage，ruin，destroy
（5） My car was __________ in an accident，so I have to buy a new one.
（6）My new shoes got ________ in the mud.
（7）The accident caused some ________ to my car，but it’s nothing serious.
ruins
was ruined
go to ruin / fall into ruin
in ruins　
destroyed
ruined
damage
教材原句p.50 People were in shock…人们惊恐万状……
2 shock n. & vt.
（1）n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克
搭配：in shock 震惊，吃惊
He’s still in a state of shock. 他至今还惊魂未定。
The news of his death came as a great shock to everyone. 他去世的消息让所有人都非常震惊。
She was taken to hospital suffering from shock. 她因休克被送到医院。
（2）vt.（使）震惊
搭配：It shocks sb. to see/hear... 看到/ 听到……使某人震惊。
It shocked them to hear that he had gone abroad.
听说他出国的消息，他们惊讶不已。
【词语积累】
（1）shocked adj. 惊愕的，震惊的
be shocked at /by 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth. 对做某事感到震惊
shocked look/expression/voice震惊的表情 / 声音
（2）shocking adj. 令人震惊的，令人憎恶的
It’s shocking that... ……是令人憎恶的。
shocking news 令人震惊的消息
单句语法填空
（1） I looked at my husband ________ shock，waiting for him to tell me that I had misunderstood everything.
（2） It shocked me ________（think） how close we had come to being killed.
（3） People were ________（shock）to see that the little girl was often beaten by her stepmother. The ________（shock） news ________（shock）all the people around，which was also ________ shock to her father who was working abroad.
完成句子
（4） __________________________（听到……让我震惊）that the hospital was closing down.
（5） The parents _______________________（对……感到震惊）the news that their son needed an operation on his knee.
in
to think
shocked
shocking
shocked
a
It shocked me to hear
were shocked by/at　
教材原句p.50 ...to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
……将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
3 trap vt. & n.
（1）vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套（trap—trapped—trapped）
be/get trapped in 困在……中；陷入……中
trap sb. into doing sth. 诱使某人做某事
They were trapped in the lift. 他们被困在电梯里。
By clever questioning they trapped him into telling the truth. 他们用巧妙的提问诱使他说出真相。
（2）n. 险境；陷阱
lay/set a trap（for sb.）（给某人）设下圈套 fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套
people caught in the unemployment trap 陷入失业困境中的人们
If you choose this way，you’re likely to fall into a trap. 如果你选择这条路，你可能会落入圈套。
单句语法填空
（1） Fire officers used cutting equipment to free his legs，which ______________（trap） under a steel beam.
（2） ________（trap） into his lies over and over again，she felt very disappointed.
完成句子
（3）They ________________（被困在）the mountain，waiting to be rescued.
（4）午夜，他们终于救出了困在山谷中的游客。
__________________________________________________________
were trapped
Trapped
were trapped in
At midnight they finally rescued the tourists who were trapped in the valley.
4 bury vt. 埋葬；安葬
bury one’s face/head in sth. 把脸 / 头埋在某物里面
bury oneself in 埋头于，专心于
bury one’s feelings 感情不外露
He buried his face in his hands and wept. 他双手掩面而泣。
You’ll have to bury yourself in your studies if you want to pass the entrance examinations.
要想通过入学考试，你必须埋头读书。
He has learnt to bury his feelings. 他已经学会了感情不外露。
【归纳拓展】
“专心于，致力于”的多种表达：
be lost in be absorbed in devote oneself to = be devoted to
concentrate on focus on
The old man was lost in thought and did not hear us come in.
这个老人凝神沉思，没有听见我们进来。
Time passes quickly when you are absorbed in reading a good book.
当你专心读一本好书时，时间就过得飞快。
If you concentrate on the project，you can finish it on time.
你如果专注于这个项目，就可以按时完成。
单句语法填空
（1） The man dug out some gold from the canal，but he wondered where ________（bury）it.
（2） Ever since he moved there，he ________________（bury） in his research work.
完成句子
（3） He ___________________________________（双手掩面）and burst into tears.
（4） ________ in rescuing the trapped girl，the rescue workers didn’t notice her parents _________ were buried under the ruins.
=________ themselves in rescuing the trapped girl，the rescue workers didn’t notice her parents _____________ under the ruins.
专心营救那个被困的女孩，救援工人没有注意到被埋在废墟下的女孩的父母。
to bury
has been buried
buried his face in his hands
Buried
who/that
Burying
（were） buried
教材原句p.50 Slowly，the city began to breathe again. 慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
5 breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸
搭配：breathe in/out 吸气/ 呼气
His illness is a result of breathing in paint fumes over many years. 他的病是多年吸入油漆气体引起的。
He breathed deeply before speaking again. 他深深吸一口气，然后继续说下去。
【词语积累】
breath n. 呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气
out of breath 气喘吁吁，上气不接下气 hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
take a deep breath 深吸一口气 lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
【误区警示】
lose one’s breath 与be out of breath 虽然含义相同，但是lose one’s breath 表示动作，be out of breath 表示状态。
单句语法填空
（1） I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ___________（breathe）.
完成句子
（2） Daniel ___________________________（深吸一口气） and dived into the water.
（3） The doctor told me to __________________（深深吸气）and then __________________（慢慢呼气）.
（4） Fred entered without knocking and，______________（上气不接下气），sank into a chair.
to breathe
took a deep breath
breathe in deeply
breathe out slowly
out of breath
教材原句p.50With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people... 有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力……
6 effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
make an effort to do sth. 尽力做某事
It takes effort to do sth. 花费精力去做某事。
spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事
put effort into（doing）sth. 努力做某事
in an effort to do sth. 为了做某事
with / without effort 费力地/ 毫不费力地
They are making efforts to reduce poverty. 他们正在努力减少贫困。
I will make every effort to achieve my goal. 我将尽一切努力来实现我的目标。
You should put more effort into your work. 你应该更加努力地工作。
单句语法填空
（1） There is no need to worry about it as the government is now making every effort __________（provide） more jobs.
（2） The company has laid off（解雇） 150 workers in ________ effort to save money.
完成句子
（3） Jack ______________________________ （已努力改进） his equipment.
（4） 准备一次展览要花费很多时间和精力。
________________________________________________________
to provide
an
has made an effort to improve
It takes a lot of time and effort to get an exhibition ready.
教材原句p.51 ...though they were suffering from terrible injuries...
……尽管他们受了重伤……
7 suffer vt. & vi.
（1）vt. 遭受；蒙受
pain/hardship 经历痛苦/ 困难
a defeat/a loss/damage/punishment 遭受失败/ 损失/ 损害/ 惩罚
She is suffering a lot of pain. 她遭受着巨大的痛苦。
The car suffered heavy damage in the accident.
这辆汽车在事故中遭到了严重破坏。
（2）vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦
a bad back 背疼
a bad cold 患重感冒
ill health 身体不好
a headache/toothache 头痛/ 牙痛
How long have you been suffering from a headache 你头痛有多久了？
【词语积累】
sufferer n. 患病者；受苦者；受难者
suffering n. 苦难；痛苦；让人痛苦的事（常用复数）
单句语法填空
（1） Millions of people suffer discomfort ________one or more colds each year.
（2）After ________（suffer） serious damage caused by the terrible earthquake，Japan realized the importance of living in harmony with nature.
（3） The old man is said to have gone through many __________（suffer） during the war.
完成句子
（4） 玛丽眼下身体不好。
Mary is ___________________________ at the moment.
（5） 许多国家在金融危机中损失惨重。
Many countries ________________________ in the financial crisis.
from
suffering
sufferings
suffering from ill health
suffered huge losses
重点句式
教材原句p.50 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即将来临！
【句式分析】句中 as if（＝ as though）意为“仿佛，好像”，引导表语从句。此外as if 还可以引导方式状语从句。
1 as if 引导的表语从句
（1）如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气。
It sounds as if it is raining. 听起来像是在下雨。（陈述语气）
（2）当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。
① 如果表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语用一般过去时，be动词用were。
It seems as if it were raining. 外面看起来好像下雨一样。（虚拟，其实并没有下雨）
② 如果表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句谓语用过去完成时，即“had+ 过去分词”。
They talked as though they had been friends for years. 他们谈起话来就像多年的老朋友。
③ 如果表示与将来事实相反的情况，从句谓语用“would/could/might+ 动词原形”。
He opened his mouth as if he would say something. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。
单句语法填空
（1） He talks as if he ________（know）everything in the world.
（2）He described the characters in the novel as if he ________ （meet）them face to face.
（3） Tom raised his hands as if ________（say）something.
（4） Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it __________（happen）yesterday.
完成句子
（5） __________________________（看起来好像） he didn’t care about everything around him.
（6）He ________________________（看上去好像） he was about to burst into tears.
（7）She left the room hurriedly ________________________（好像生气的样子）.
knew
had met
to say
happened
It seemed as if
looked as if
as if （she was）angry
教材原句p.50 Thousands of children were left without parents. 数以千计的孩子失去了父母。
【句式分析】句中的谓语were left使用了被动语态，without parents为主语补足语；其主动形式应为leave thousands of children without parents。
2 leave+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语 leave作使役动词，意为“使……处于某种状态”，构成复合结构形式有：
doing：表主动、进行
done：表被动、完成
to do：表将来的动作
介词短语
名词/ 形容词/ 副词
Don’t leave the dog barking much. 别让狗狂吠不已。
The guests left most of the dishes untouched，because they did not taste delicious.
客人们没有动大部分的菜，因为它们尝起来不好吃。
He left，leaving me to do all the rest work. 他走了，让我做所有剩余的工作。
You mustn’t leave the baby in the house alone. 你不能把小孩独自留在家里。
leave+ 宾语+
表状态
单句语法填空
（1） You shouldn’t have left the water ________（run） all the time.
（2） Did you leave the doors and windows properly ________（close）
（3） What you said left us ________（lose） in thought.
完成句子
（4） Don’t ___________________（让孩子独处）in a room with an open fire.
（5） She ran away，____________________________________（留下男朋友一个人在雨中）.
（6）他们经常让灯开着，办公室里一个人也没有。
They often ____________________without anyone in the office.
running
closed
lost
leave a child alone
leaving her boyfriend in the rain alone
leave the light on
教材原句p.50 Water，food，and electricity were hard to get. 没有水和食物，电也停了。
3 不定式用主动形式表达被动意义
（1）句中不定式用主动形式表达被动意义。主语（water，food，and electricity）是不定式（to get）的逻辑宾语，因此不定式后不能再出现宾语。
（2）如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词，则其后要接相应的介词。
This kind of paper is not hard enough to write on. 这种纸不够硬，不能在上面写字。
（3）常用于该句式的形容词有 easy，difficult，hard，interesting，pleasant，comfortable，impossible，safe，fit，dangerous 等。
The book is difficult to understand. 这本书很难理解。
（4） 变式：It+be+adj. + 不定式（含宾语）.
The man is easy to get along with. → It is easy to get along with the man. 这个人很容易相处。
单句语法填空
（1） The question is difficult for such a little boy __________（answer）.
（2） This machine is easy __________（operate）and anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
完成句子
（3） 这个秘书很不好相处。
The secretary is _____________________________.
=___________________________________ the secretary.
（4） 6 000 米以上的空气很难呼吸。
____________________________________________
to answer
to operate
very difficult to get along with
It is very difficult to get along with
It is hard to breathe the air over 6，000 metres.
Discovering Useful Structures
核心词汇
教材原句p.52　The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 提供给灾区的补给品是从全国各地收集来的。
1 supply n. & vt.
（1）n. 供应（量）；补给；［pl.］补给品
supply and command 供求
the electricity/water/gas supply 电力/ 水 / 煤气供应
medical/relief supplies 医疗用品/ 救援物资
（2）vt. 供应；供给
They supply the country with oil. = They supply oil to the country. 他们为那个国家供应石油。
搭配
为某人 / 某物提供某物
【词语辨析】supply，provide 与 offer
（1）supply 尤指大量供应、供给
supply sb. with sth. =supply sth. to sb.
（2）provide 强调提供所需之物
provide sb. with sth. =provide sth. for sb.
I provide him with all his rights. 我向他提供了他的所有权利。
（3）offer 强调主动提供
offer sb. sth. =offer sth. to sb.
They decided to offer Jo the job. 他们决定让乔做这个工作。
单句语法填空
（1） At the beginning of the semester，students _____________（supply）with a list of books that they are expected to read.
（2） They will supply us ________ technology in support without asking for anything in return.
（3） This book will supply some scientific methods ________ us in English learning.
（4） Our school library can provide all kinds of good books ________ students.
（5） Finally，the manager offered a good job ________ me.
完成句子
（6）This _____________________________（给我提供了一个机会） to show my appreciation to my headmistress.
（7）We ____________________________________（提供给无家可归的人）food and clothes.
（8）We are short of ________________（食物供应）.
are supplied
with
to
for
to
offered me a chance
provide/supply the homeless with
food supply　
教材原句p.52 She’s feeding the baby who survived the earthquake.
她正在给地震中幸存下来的婴儿喂食。
2 survive vi. & vt.
（1）vi. 生存；存活 survive on 靠……生存下来 survive from... 从……时存活下来/ 流传下来
How do you survive on such a low salary 是如何靠这么低的工资维持生计的？
But still，I believe I can survive from this challenge. 但我仍然相信我能战胜这个挑战。
（2）vt. 幸存；艰难度过；比……活得时间长
搭配：survive sb. by... 比某人多活……
The old man has survived his wife. 这位长者比他的妻子活得长。
He survived his wife at least by 8 years. 他比他妻子至少多活了8年。
【误区警示】survive 表示“幸存；幸免于”时为及物动词，其后直接加宾语，不可再加介词in/from/after。
【词语积累】survival n. 生存；幸存　　survivor n. 幸存者；生还者
单句语法填空
（1） Some strange customs have survived ________ earlier times.
（2） A number of small companies have to fight for ________（survive）.
（3） Dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to search for _________（survivor）
in an earthquake.
完成句子
（4） He was pretty fortunate that he didn’t starve to death，but ___________________________（在寒冷的冬天活了下来）.
（5） The expert _______________________________________（比她的丈夫多活了6 年）.
from
survival
survivors
survived the cold winter
survived her husband by six years
Reading for Writing
核心词汇
教材原句p.53 Stay calm. 保持镇静。
1 calm adj. & v.
（1）adj. 镇静的；沉着的
搭配：keep/stay/remain calm 保持镇静
Try to remain calm. You can do this. 尽量保持冷静。你能做到的。
（2）v. 使平静；使镇静
搭配：calm（...）down（使 ……）平静下来，（使……）镇定下来
Use the time to familiarize with the environment and calm yourself down.
利用这段时间熟悉环境，让自己镇定下来。
Calm down! We’ll find her.镇静一点！我们会找到她的。
【词语辨析】calm，still，quiet 与silent
（1）calm 表示人在危急情形中保持镇静；
（2）still 表示站、坐、躺的姿势静止不动；
（3）quiet 表示人的外表安静或性情稳定；
（4）silent 表示没有声音，沉默，不讲话。
【一言辨异】
In the face of danger，you must keep calm；when you have a photo taken，you should stay still；while someone else is asleep，you ought to remain quiet；in class you can’t be silent about the teacher’s questions. 面对危险时，你必须保持冷静；当你拍照时，你应该保持不动；当其他人睡着时，你应该保持安静；在课堂上，你不能对老师的问题保持沉默。
单句语法填空
（1） Calm yourself ________；there is no need to feel upset about it.
（2） The excited football fans managed ________（calm） down at last.
完成句子
（3） Moved by what she said，he could hardly ________________（平静下来）.
（4） Don’t be nervous! ______________________（保持镇静） even when you are in the face of danger.
（5） The child was crying，so the nurse had got to give him some toys to __________________（使他平静下来）.
辨析填空：calm，still，quiet，silent
（6）You should stay ________ even in an emergency.
（7）Could you keep the kids ________ while I’m on the phone
（8）Keep ________. The photographer is ready.
（9）He was ________ for a moment，and then began his answer.
down
to calm
calm down
Keep/Stay/Remain calm　
calm him down
calm
quiet
still
silent
教材原句p.53 ...explain what emergency supplies people should keep on hand.
……解释人们应该准备哪些应急用品。
2 on hand 现有（尤指帮助）
The emergency services were on hand with medical advice. 随时都有急诊服务，并提供医疗咨询。
【归纳拓展】
（1）in hand 在手头；在进行中 at hand 在手边；即将到来
by hand 用手　 hand in hand 手拉手地；密切关联
on the one hand... ；on the other hand... 一方面……；另一方面……
On the one hand，it’s convenient，but on the other hand，it’s time-consuming.
一方面，这个很方便，但是另一方面又很费时间。
（2）hand in 交上；提交　　hand out 分发 hand over 交出；移交　　 hand on 移交；传递下去
Could you hand these books out，please 请把这些书发给大家好吗？
完成句子
（1） I am sorry we do not have any of the kinds ________________（现有）.
（2）_______________________（一方面），producers would reduce confidence to us； _______________________ ，without profit，our company cannot survive.
（3） Technology and business strategy go ________________________（相辅相成）.
（4） I’m supposed to have ________________（交上） a first draft of my paper.
on hand
On the one hand
on the other hand
hand in hand　
handed in
教材原句p.54 Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，and cars were swept away by huge waves... 渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被……的巨浪卷走。
3 sweep vt. & vi. （swept，swept）打扫；清扫
sweep away 消灭；彻底消除　　　
sweep sb. away（感情、思想）令某人着迷，使某人深受影响
sweep up 打扫，清扫
sweep aside 对……置之不理；不理会；全然无视
sweep out 打扫干净，清扫干净（房间等）
They were swept away by the force of their emotions. 他们受感情的力量所驱使。
Jane is sweeping up the bits of paper and broken glass. 简在清扫纸屑和碎玻璃。
搭配
完成句子
（1） Any doubts had long since been ________________（完全消除）.
（2） The old man was just ________________（打扫）as I left the building.
（3） All their advice was ________________（被当成了耳边风）.
（4） We __________________________________（不禁被…… 影响） by Mary’s enthusiasm.
swept away
sweeping up
swept aside
couldn’t help being swept away
4 wave n.，vi. & vt.
（1）n. 海浪；波浪；风潮，浪潮；挥手
Huge waves were breaking on the shore. 巨浪拍打着海岸。
a wave of violence / attacks 一波暴力/ 攻击事件
a wave of panic/relief/sympathy一阵恐慌/ 宽慰/同情
She declined the offer with a wave of her hand. 她摆了摆手谢绝了这一提议。
（2）vi. & vt. 挥手；招手
wave to/at sb. 向某人挥手
wave sb. goodbye/wave goodbye to sb. 跟某人挥手道别
We wave to a kid in the car next to us. 我们向旁边汽车里的小孩打招呼。
Quietly I wave goodbye to the rosy clouds in the western sky. 我轻轻地招手，作别西边的云彩。
单句语法填空
（1） We waved ________our teacher and he waved back.
（2） The stranger spoke rapidly，________（wave）his arms about.
完成句子
（3） She was so angry that she didn’t ________________________（跟我们挥手道别）.
（4） The president ________________（ 向……挥手）the crowd from the steps of the plane.
to
waving
wave us goodbye
waved at　
教材原句p.54 The undersea quake struck around 7：00 a. m...
……由……上午7：00 许……海底地震引发。
5 strike vi. ，vt. & n.
（1）vi. & vt. （struck，struck/stricken）侵袭；突击；击打
be struck with/by 被……打动
strike... into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心
It strikes/hits sb. that... （=It occurs to sb. that...）某人突然想起……
strike a match 划火柴 strike twelve（钟）敲 12 点
You’ll be struck by her beauty the moment you see her. 你一见到她，就会被她的美丽打动。
It strikes me that the man was not telling the truth. 我突然感觉到这个人没有说实话。
（2）n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
be on strike 在罢工（状态） go on strike 举行罢工（动作）
end/call off a strike 结束罢工 Half the workforce are now（out）on strike. 现在有半数职工罢工。
搭配
写出句中 strike 的含义
（1） The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down. ________
（2） A bright idea suddenly struck me that I could use the money I saved to help a poor student in the countryside. ________
完成句子
（3） The news that our team won the competition ____________________________________（使我们都很兴奋）.
（4） ________________________________（我突然想起）the band which I adored would perform at the National Stadium the next day.
罢工
突然想到
struck excitement into our hearts
It struck / hit me that　
教材原句p.54 Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries.
目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。
6 aid n. ，vi. & vt.
（1）n. 援助；帮助；救援物资
do/give/offer/carry out first aid（to sb.）（对某人）实施急救
come/go to one’s aid 帮某人的忙 in aid of 为了帮助……
with the aid of 在……的帮助下（= with the help of）
The doctors there taught us how to give basic first aid to patients in different emergencies.
那儿的医生教我们怎样在不同的紧急情况下对病人实施基本的急救。
They collected money in aid of cancer research. 他们为了癌症研究募集资金。
He was breathing only with the aid of a ventilator. 他只有靠呼吸器呼吸。
（2）vi. & vt.（formal）帮助；援助
搭配：aid sb. in（doing）/with sth. 帮助某人（做）某事
They were accused of aiding him in his escape.他们被控帮助他逃跑。
单句语法填空
（1） ________ the aid of the doctor，Joe was back on his feet soon.
（2） They aided me ________ getting used to the new environment.
完成句子
（3） ________________________________（懂得基本的急救技巧）will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
（4） ________________________（借助于）the computer，he worked out the problem.
（5） The girl is badly injured. You’d better ________________________（对……实施急救）her before taking her to hospital.
（6）The president approved the plan _________________（旨在帮助） these homeless children.
With
in
Knowing basic first-aid techniques
With the aid of
do first aid to
in aid of
教材原句p.54 ...damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. ……道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
7 deliver vt. & vi. 递送；传达 vt. 发表；接生，助产；分娩，生产
deliver sth. to sb. 把某物运送给某人
deliver a speech/lecture 发表演讲
be delivered of a baby 生产，分娩
Your blood cells deliver nutrients to all the other cells.
你的血细胞传送营养到所有的其他细胞。
They insisted that I deliver a speech at the meeting. 他们坚持要我在会上发言。
All she hoped for was to be delivered of a healthy baby.
她的所有的希望是生一个健康的宝宝。
【词语积累】
delivery n. 递送；分娩；演讲方式
写出句中 deliver 的含义
（1） Our headmaster delivered a long inspiring speech yesterday. ________
（2） They rushed her to hospital where doctors delivered her baby. ________
单句语法填空
（3） You promised to deliver the goods ________ us，but we haven’t seen any of them yet.
（4） You can either pick up the goods or have them _________（deliver）.
（5） — What would be the best time of day for us __________（deliver） the table
—Oh，any time will be OK.
发表
接生
to
delivered
to deliver
重点句式
教材原句p.54 I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。
【句式分析】本句是一个并列句，句中含有“be doing...when...”句型，when 用作并列连词，相当于 just at this/that time。
1 be doing...when... 正在做……这时……
He is dreaming a wonderful dream when the fire alarm begins ringing.
他正在做一个美妙的梦，这时火警报警器开始响了。
【归纳拓展】
when 用作并列连词，表示“这时”，还可用于以下句型：
be about to do... when ... 刚要做……这时（突然）……
be on the point of doing... when ... 刚要做……突然……
had just/hardly/scarcely done... when ... 刚做完……这时……
I was about to go swimming when he called me to go back to the
company. 我正打算去游泳的时候，这时他突然打电话叫我回公司。
I was on the point of opening the door when the cellphone rang.
我正要开门的时候这时手机突然响了。
I had scarcely finished my homework when my mother came in.
我刚做完功课，这时母亲就进来了。
单句语法填空
（1） The train ________（leave） when I hurried to the station.
（2） Jack ___________（work） in the lab when the power cut occurred.
（3） Tom was about ________（close） the window when his attention was attracted by a bird.
完成句子
（4）汤姆正打算放弃，这时他突然想到了问题的答案。
Tom ______________________________________ he suddenly found an answer to the question.
（5） 我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。
Hardly _____________________________________ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
had left
was working
to close
was about to give up when
had I got to the office when
教材原句p.54 ...damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
……道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
【句式分析】句中make it difficult to deliver food and supplies 为“make+it+ 形容词+ 不定式”结构（it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式短语）。
2 make ＋ it ＋形容词/ 名词＋不定式/ 动名词/ 从句
This makes it possible for agriculture and industry to develop quickly. 这使工农业有可能快速发展。
He makes it a rule never to borrow money. 他定下一个规矩，绝不向人借钱。
He made it clear what he intended to do. 他明确表示了他打算做什么。
【学法点拨】　
“vt. + it + 宾语补足语+ 真正的宾语”结构可总结为“6123 结构”：6 指常用的动词：think，believe，make，find，consider，feel；
1 指形式宾语it；2 指宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词；
3 指真正的宾语的三种常见形式：动词不定式、动名词和从句。
单句语法填空
（1） I must make ________ clear that I will support you forever.
（2）She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make ________ hard for them to calm down and sleep.
（3） I find it difficult ________（do） the job well.
翻译句子
（4） 他认为养家是他的责任。
_________________________________________________________
（5） 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。
_________________________________________________________
（6）我们都认为跟他们争论此事是值得的。
_________________________________________________________
it
it
to do
He considers it his duty to support his family.　
We think it no use complaining.
We all found it worthwhile to argue with them about this matter.