北京市顺义区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语（无答案）

顺义区2024届高三第一次统练
英语试卷
考生须知 1. 本试卷总分100分，考试时长90分钟。本试卷共12页，共三部分。 2. 在答题卡上准确填写学校、姓名、班级和教育ID号。 3. 考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。选择题必须用2B铅笔作答，非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。 4. 考试结束后，请将答题卡交回，试卷自己保留。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A golden fog settled over the fields. The sun prepared to rest for the evening. I looked forward to setting my 1 aside for an evening.
I wasn't long headed home when I heard a voice behind me. “Photo, photo, photo.” A young boy about 7 or 8 years old followed closely. I breathed a tired sigh. I had no 2 to press the shutter button one more time, no matter how beautiful or eager he was, but he kept following me. As I looked at him, half 3 , an idea for a composition flashed in my mind.
I kneeled in the field and instructed the boy where to stand and how to pose. As I prepared to take the photograph, his energy suddenly shifted from 4 to shyness to fear. No matter what I told him to do—how to stand, how to look—I just couldn't get the 5 . Defeated, I gave up. I looked at the boy, who looked 6 and awkward.
In an effort to 7 him, I clapped my hands, saying, “That was great. You were great,” Passers-by gathered around, cheering and clapping loudly. The boy's face immediately broke into (a) 8 . I intuitively (直觉地) took a few shots of the moment.
That photograph turned out to be better than the 9 I'd imagined because it came from a deeper place within me. When we 10 frustration (懊恼) and focus on what's here in the moment, that is when we are moved to create from the inside out.
1. A. money B. camera C. boots D. notebook
2. A. time B. confidence C. energy D. chance
3. A. interested B. disappointed C. relieved D. puzzled
4. A. panic B. confusion C. eagerness D. directness
5. A. help B. attention C. idea D. shot
6. A. alone B. unconcerned C. violent D. thoughtful
7. A. disturb B. cheer C. accept D. Satisfy
8. A. smile B. tears C. worries D. surprise
9. A. style B. color C. content D. composition
10. A. turn to B. deal with C. let go of D. give in to
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
Kenneth Shinozuka was 10 when his grandfather, 11 has Alzheimer's disease, began to wander. He wanted to invent something to help. That turned out to be a pressure sensor in a sock. The sensor will send an alarm to a caregiver's smartphone as soon as a patient 12 (step) out of bed. Today Kenneth continues to improve his invention 13 (help) caregivers get an alarm from any distance. His biggest dream is to one day find cures for all Alzheimer's.
B
Merriam-Webster 14 (announce) that “authentic” was a top term of the year 2023. The rise of Al helped drive interest 15 the word. And the line between “real” and “fake” (假的) has become 16 (increasing) unclear. As a result, in social media and marketing, “authentic” has become the gold standard for building trust.
C
World Animal Day is an annual event on 4th October, 17 (aim to improve animal rights across the globe. It 18 ( celebrate) since a German writer and publisher started it in 1925. Through joining in various 19 (organize) events, people are better aware of how animals should be treated. And there are so many 20 (option) for everyone to help end the needless suffering of all animals.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The CAUSE Leadership Academy (CLA) for students is a paid nine-week internship () program that connects college undergraduates to communities through local political experiences and prepares them to lead and advocate for the civic engagement.
General Information:
·Program Duration: June 24th, 2024—August 23rd, 2024
·Location and Time Commitment: CLA will be an in-person, full-time program (5 days per week, about 40 hours per week) .
·Payment: Each intern will receive $4, 000 upon satisfactory completion of the program.
Program Goals:
·To gain new skills and knowledge
·To deepen understanding of issues that impact the local community
·To explore civic leadership career paths
·To develop professional experience and skills to be effective in political advocacy and campaign support
Program Components:
·Interns will work together to develop a project.
·Interns will be placed in a public, private, or non-profit host office.
·Interns will learn about and support civic engagement efforts with their Host Office.
·Interns will develop leadership skills and expand understanding of civic engagement.
Requirements for the applicants:
·Have a minimum GPA (Grade Point Average) of 3. 0
·Be a current student with at least one year of college completed or a recent college graduate
·Be able to actively participate in all major events F
or full consideration, applicants must ensure both Application and Letter of Recommendation are received by Sunday, January 28th, 2024 at 11: 59 pm.
21. The program aims to help participants _______.
A. lead political campaigns B. make high academic achievements
C. choose civic leadership career paths D. deepen understanding of civic issues
22. CLA will provide interns _______.
A. a training online B. a project to finish individually
C. a leader position in a Host Office D. a $4, 000 payment for great work
23. Which is a requirement for the applicants
A. Participating in all events. B. Having a GPA no less than 3. 0.
C. Applying after January 28th, 2024. D. Being a current high school student.
B
snowflake
If you have ever seen a snowflake design on jewelry or a bag, chances are it was based on one of Wilson Bentley's more than 5, 000 photomicrographs of snow crystals (晶体) .
At first, though, Bentley did not have any way to share his enjoyment of the delicate hexagons (六边形) other than to draw them. He spent hours outside or inside his unheated storeroom with a microscope. He would pick up a snow crystal and transfer it to a microscope slide. There, he flattened it with a bird feather. Then, holding his breath, he observed the crystal and hurried to draw what he saw before it turned forever into thin air.
A few years later, Bentley began his pursuit to photograph a snow crystal. He attached a microscope to a camera. Time after time, his negatives appeared blank. The following winter, he finally figured out that too much light was reaching the camera. His solution was to place a metal plate with a tiny hole in the center beneath the stage of the microscope. It cut down the stray (杂散的) light and allowed only the light waves carrying the image to reach the camera.
On January 15, 1885, at the age of 19, Bentley finally photographed a snowflake! He spent many hours over the next 45 years in his tiny darkroom developing negatives.
Bentley lived his entire life on his childhood farm. He farmed for a living. To his friends and family, he was kind, gentle, and funny “Willie". But to scientists, he was the untrained researcher who became a snow crystal pioneer. He wrote for science journals. He not only photographed snow crystals but also became an authority on dew (露水) and frost. He kept a detailed daily log of local weather conditions throughout his life. He developed a method to measure the size of raindrops too.
Bentley never made more than a few thousand dollars from his work. It had been a labor of love, and he was satisfied to be able to share the beauty of his snow crystals with the world. And today, he is remembered as Snowflake Bentley.
24. Why did Bentley draw the snow crystals
A. To design products. B. To become an artist.
C. To share his pleasure. D. To research the weather.
25. To photograph a snow crystal, Bentley _______.
A. improved the microscope B. changed the negatives
C. turned down the light D. invented a camera
26. What do we know about Bentley
A. He lived a successful but boring life. B. He was laughed at for lack of training.
C. He earned a lot of money from his photos. D. He was not only an artist but also a scientist.
27. What can we learn from this passage
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Intelligence is the key to success.
C. Love and devotion makes a person. D. Chances are for those who are prepared.
C
I love a group text—a grext, if you'll permit me—but lately, the huge number of them competing for my attention has felt out of control. By the time I wake up, the notifications have already started rolling in; as I'm going to bed, they're still coming. In between, I try to keep up, but all it takes is one 30-minute meeting before I've somehow gotten 100 new messages. I scroll up and up, trying to find where I left off, like I've lost my place in a book that keeps getting longer.
For better or for worse, we might be in the Age of the Group Chat. One study found that less than 2 percent of participants had only one-on-one chats on social media. 42 percent said that group chats can feel like a part-time job. Other studies have found that group chats can contribute to group bond and shared fun. A group text can be like a reminder that you're part of something. Some researchers call this “ambient virtual presence”: Even when you're alone, you're not alone. This is like bats and dolphins producing a continuous sound and use the resulting echo (回声) to sense what's around them.
But taking in too many signals can create a “waterfall type of effect,” where messages keep flooding in and adding up. Eventually, you're underwater. Adding to the disorder, without a standard rule, people have very different ideas about group norm and what degree of responsiveness is required—which can cause real tension.
Fear of that tension can make wordless or even leaving a chat feel dispiriting. And anyway, you might not want to miss out. The desire isn't to exit the room so much as to break a window. If group messaging is like echolocation, then disconnecting means lost.
Ultimately, most of us do want connection, even if it involves some duties; we'll take quantities of messages when we're busy if it means we can reach out when we're hurting. A general advice is to give up grexts that are carrying on but that don't really interest you. But when you can't, you'll just have to accept that belonging takes some effort. That's the nature of relationships, right
28. The author uses his experience in Paragraph 1 to _______.
A. introduce the topic B. predict the ending
C. highlight an opinion D. illustrate an argument
29. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2
A. Lonely people prefer group chats. B. Bats and dolphins have group chats.
C. Group chats offer a sense of belonging. D. Group chats create a few part-time jobs.
30. What does the writer intend to tell us
A. Group chat needs a standard rule.
B. Group chat gives us more fear than joy.
C. Group chat helps promote strong connection.
D. Group chat is just a way to maintain relationships.
D
Borders, departments, or issue areas all represent what systems analysts call system boundaries. System boundaries divide. the big, messy, interconnected world into smaller subsystems. This is useful, even necessary. Our minds and our collective governance systems would be stuck if we had to always consider all the connections of everything to everything else. But dividing systems into subsystems can sometimes break a natural cooperativity. For instance, a decarbonizing country will spend money in its energy and transportation sectors and save money in its health system.
Decarbonization could be a win for the whole, but it might be experienced as a bother for particular subsystems.
Donella Meadows, the early systems modeler, wrote that system boundaries are “lines in the mind, not in the world.” And that is actually good news. If departments, and disciplines are just ideas, then there is nothing immovable about them. We can make these borders less obvious and conduct partnerships across them. We can even redraw them to include more of what matters in a single project or investment. That's the premise of multisolving—using one investment of time or effort to achieve several goals at once.
For instance, Warm Up New Zealand (WUNZ) upgraded the energy efficiency of residential buildings and provided jobs in the building sector after a financial downturn. The project resulted in better health for residents, as well. That translated into health systems savings. Taken together, a 2011 study estimated that across all these benefits, the project saved $3. 90 for every $1 invested.
Multisolving seems possible everywhere and like an obvious choice. Yet, it is very much the exception, not the rule. Why is multisolving still so rare when it has the nower to boost progress on some of the most urgent issues we face
Unfamiliarity stands in the way, as does an oft-unexamined assumption that making issues smaller makes them easier to address. We often hear the viewpoint, “I already work on poverty (or climate, etc. ) and that's hard enough. Why should I add biodiversity or pollution to the mix ” Fundraising for crossing borders can be a struggle too. Funders want the “visible results” shown, but they don't always see crossing borders as an essential part of achieving those results.
It is easy to devalue and underemphasize connection-building. After all, it can be delicate and not always visible. But to realize goals in today's world, from equitable policies and low-carbon facilities to values like cooperation and fairness, we do need deep shifts, and we need them soon. And facilitating the flow of ideas back and forth across borders is one way to speed change.
31. As for systems boundaries, the author is ______.
A. critical B. puzzled C. supportive D. unconcerned
32. What does the word “premise” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Prediction. B. Precondition. C. Prevention. D. Presentation.
33. What can we learn from the passage
A. People are familiar with multisolving.
B. WUNZ performed multisolving successfully.
C. Raising money helps to produce visible results.
D. Multisolving is widely used to address problems.
34. Which would be the best title for the passage
A. Multisolving: Hard to achieve soon
B. Multisolving: Essential to solve small issues
C. Multisolving: Conducting partnership across borders
D. Multisolving: Making systems whole, healthy, and sustainable
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Flow is a cognitive (认知的) state where one is completely immersed (沉浸) in an activity—from painting and writing to yoga and surfboarding. 35
The process of flow was discovered and coined by the Hungarian-American psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. In the 1960s, Csikszentmihalyi studied the creative process and found that, when an artist was in the course of flow, they would insist on their task strictly, regardless of hunger or exhaustion. 36
One of Csikszentmihalyi's key points about flow is that a person needs to push oneself out of their comfort zone to stimulate it. Because it's a dynamic state, one has to constantly adjust the skill level, challenge, and complexity required for the activity. 37 If your skill level goes beyond the activity, boredom will set in, which will break the state of flow.
38 One can access flow by thinking of activities like sports, dancing and painting. We can also have a flow state experience with many of our day-to-day tasks and encounters. Watching TV and video gaming, however, are not on that list.
Flow can also be a tool for better emotion regulation (调节) . When a person is in a state of flow, there is little need for doubts or anxieties about oneself or the world in general. 39 Through the process of flow, a person chooses to focus on a task and gain a sense of autonomy over time, body, and mind.
However, pushing yourself to find the flow state can backfire. In fact, trying too hard or wondering whether you are in this state in itself goes against flow. We lose the balance between tension and skill level if we concentrate too much on the task.
A. Even the uncertainties of life fall away.
B. People may not realize it but anyone can find flow.
C. Ask yourself if a certain task will fulfill a goal of yours.
D. Flow can sometimes be viewed as a forerunner for peak performance.
E. He also found that the artist would highlight the process and not the end result.
F. As you practice a skill, your level of mastery will change as will the feeling of flow.
G. It involves intense focus, creative engagement and the loss of awareness of time and self.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
There's a difference between being nice and being kind. Being nice involves being polite and pleasing to others. If you're people pleasing, you're placing an expectation on the person you're being nice to that they respond to you in a certain way. Being kind is less self-serving. On the one hand, kindness involves being generous without expecting anything in return. The other half is the purpose behind the action. A kind person is acting out of sympathy and genuine concern for another.
The difference is intentionality, said Dr. Catherine Franssen, an associate professor of psychology at Longwood University in Virginia, noting that a kind person tries to really understand what someone else is going through.
Practicing kindness rather than niceness allows people to develop deeper genuine connections with others, said Franssen. The more you do it, the easier it will get to relate to others and build more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life.
The warm feeling you get from performing an act of kindness is your brain releasing a ton of feel-good chemicals. Franssen said being kind boosts production of serotonin, a neurotransmitter (神经传递素) involved in mood, including happiness. Kindness also releases dopamine, a brain chemical in charge of reward and pleasure. It's the reason why doing one act of kindness feels so good that you want to do another.
Being kind gives the same health benefits, regardless of how big or small the gesture. Acts of kindness might feel strange and out-of-character at first. However, this feeling goes away the more you keep practicing. Soon enough, it becomes so familiar you'll notice the benefits on yourself and others.
40. What does being kind involve
41. Why do you get warm feeling when showing kindness
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
> The more you practice niceness, the easier you will connect with others and establish more meaningful relationships in all aspects of life.
43. In your daily life, what can you do to show kindness (In about 40 words)
第二节 (20分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校交换生Jim被学生会邀请参加主题为“Life in 2023”的学年总结展示活动，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 展示形式；
2. 展示内容。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hun.