湖南省娄底市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语试卷 （word版含解析，无听力音频含听力原文）
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| 名称 | 湖南省娄底市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末质量检测英语试卷 （word版含解析，无听力音频含听力原文） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-01-31 17:07:17 | ||
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娄底市2023年下学期高三质量检测
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A． 19.15. B． 9.18. C． 9.15.
答案是C。
1．What did the man do
A．He taught English. B．He went abroad. C．He visited a school.
2．What time do the speakers plan to start out
A．At 3:00 a. m. B．At 8:00 a. m. C．At 11:00 a. m.
3．Which of the following does the man dislike
A．The new city. B．His new job. C．The cold climate.
4．Why did the man come back home
A．He was ill. B．He was out of work. C．He missed his family.
5．Why did Peter go out
A．To get some paint. B．To have a drink. C．To see a movie.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why does the woman want to go to a wildlife park
A．She can see a lot of animals.
B．She likes to see animals in the wild.
C．She doesn’t have to pay for the ticket.
7．When does this conversation probably take place
A．Before the summer holidays.
B．During the summer holidays.
C．After the summer holidays.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Why does the man ask about Janet
A．He hasn’t seen her for a long time.
B．He wants to make friends with her.
C．He wants the woman to be her friend.
9．What does the man think of Janet
A．Very nice. B．Very clever. C．Hardworking.
10．What might be the result of the conversation
A．The man and Janet become friends.
B．The woman and Janet are friends again.
C．The man and the woman become friends.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．How does the man feel about what the ad says
A．He believes it. B．He doubts it. C．He is interested in it.
12．What will the speakers most probably do tomorrow
A．Work in the yard. B．Go to a car show. C．Go to a fashion show.
13．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers
A．Mother and son. B．Husband and wife. C．Father and daughter.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．Why does the man complain to the woman
A．She is driving too fast. B．She is driving carelessly. C．She is driving so slowly.
15．What did the woman do when she saw a boy running out in front of her
A．She slowed down. B．She drove even faster. C．She continued driving.
16．How did the boy fall down
A．He fell down himself. B．He was hit by a bus. C．He was hit by the woman’s car.
17．How many reasons does the woman give for driving carefully
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What will the new students do on Saturday
A．Visit a historical city. B．Tour around London. C．Play games with classmates.
19．When will the new students meet their teachers
A．On Sunday morning. B．On Sunday afternoon. C．On Sunday evening.
20．What does the speaker mainly talk about
A．A tour of London.
B．The plan for the weekend.
C．The teaching arrangements.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Summer Scholarships
ABOUT THE PROGRAM
The Scholastic Awards Summer（SAS） Scholarship Program provides teens who have been recognized by the Scholastic Art & Writing Awards with an opportunity to attend summer art or writing programs on a full-tuition（全额学费） scholarship.
Teens do not apply for specific summer programs; instead, they apply for a SAS Scholarship, and we work with our partners to place Scholars into a program that will work best for them based on their abilities and interests.
ELIGIBILITY（资格）
Teens in grades 7—11 who have received a Gold or Silver Key can apply for a SAS Scholarship. Individual programs may set additional criteria.
HOW TO SUBMIT
The application period opens when regional awards are announced in January. To apply, log you’re your account at portal, artandwriting. org. You will find My SAS Scholarships Application on your teen dashboard.
APPLICATION CHECKLIST
All applications must contain:
1．Your Gold or Silver Key, art or writing.
2．Up to five additional recent examples of your best art or writing.
3．Complete answers to all questions in the written part of the application, including your Profile and Student Questionnaire.
4．The Parent/Guardian Questionnaire must be completed by your parent or guardian.
21．What is the purpose of the program
A．To help teens to win a scholarship. B．To give teens training in art or writing.
C．To reward teens who love art or writing. D．To encourage teens’ interest in art or writing.
22．Who can apply for the program
A．Anyone who loves art or writing.
B．Anyone who wants to do better in art or writing.
C．Those who are the Scholastic Awards winners.
D．Those who want to be the Scholastic Awards winners.
23．Which of the following must be included in the application
A．Your plan for winning a reward. B．Your descriptions of your works.
C．Your achievements in art or writing. D．Your suggestions about the program.
B
One strategy for reducing food waste’s environmental impact seems contrary to common sense: Open more grocery stores. That’s according to new research from Elena Belavina, an expert in operations management and supply chains.
The food we throw out because it goes bad when cleaning out the fridge makes a surprisingly large contribution to global warming. One-third of all food produced is wasted, a problem responsible for carbon emissions（排放物） equivalent to all road transportation, said Belavina.
When consumers can purchase food nearby, they shop more often but buy less each time, ultimately wasting less. “The more stores you have, the lower food waste is going to be,” said Belavina. “Very small increases in store density（密度） can have a very high impact.”
Belavina found that in Chicago, which she said is typical of many American cities, adding just three or four markets within a 10-square-kilometer area would reduce food waste by 6% to 9%. That would achieve an emissions reduction comparable to converting（改装） more than 20,000 cars from petrol to electric power.
Most big cities are well below the ideal density of grocery stores that would minimize food waste, the research determined. In Chicago, that would be about 200 markets within a 10-square-kilometer area—compared to 15 currently—but most of the benefit from reduced emissions would be achieved by about 50 markets. New York City, with its abundance of produce stands and neighborhood markets, comes closest to its ideal density.
Urban planners, city governments and activists should pursue policies encouraging an ideal density of grocery stores based on each city’s population, she said. Chain stores’ sustainability plans should analyze how their store networks and supply chains contribute to food waste and emissions overall.
“We actually see some moves toward going a little bit back in time and those small corner stores and mom-and-pop stores are making a comeback,” she said.
24．Why can higher store density reduce food waste
A．There are more stores to supply fresh food. B．There are more stores to deal with food waste.
C．Consumers can spend less time on buying food. D．Consumers needn’t overbuy their groceries.
25．How many markets are there per 10 square kilometers in Chicago now
A．15 markets. B．About 4 markets. C．About 50 markets. D．About 200 markets.
26．What does Belavina think of small corner stores and mom-and-pop stores
A．They are helpful. B．They are a problem.
C．They are of little help. D．They do better than grocery stores.
27．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Buy Less, Eat Less B．Ideal Density of Grocery Stores
C．Food Waste and Global Warming D．More Grocery Stores, Less Food Waste
C
Recently, I was walking with some parents when we came across a five-pound note lying on the ground. We stood around it for a moment, a bit awkwardly, until someone suggested putting it on a nearby bench. Then one of the parents remarked that we’d probably have behaved differently—that is, we would have just taken the money—had we been alone.
This relates to a classic question in studies of human generosity: do we behave more selfishly when we aren’t being observed The debate goes on across the psychological and biological sciences, as well as in popular culture, about whether kindness can exist in a competitive world.
Yom Kippur is a Jewish（犹太人的） religious holiday when Jewish people fast and ask for forgiveness for the wrongs they’ve committed. One of the points of Yom Kippur is to behave better regardless of who is watching. There’s an evolutionary beauty to the teachings of Yom Kippur, which are the products of thousands of years of cultural changes and evolution.
The Maasai people of Kenya practice osotua: relationships between people that operate based on need. When someone forms an osotua relationship with another, they enter into an unwritten contract to help their partner in times of need. And hunter-gatherer groups, which can represent the circumstances our species evolved in, have many similar examples.
Cultural evolution helps to explain the existence and complexity of these systems. Culturalchanges are far faster than biological evolution, allowing intelligent species like humans to develop behavioral adaptations for managing complex social environments. Osotua, or any other practice that helps to maintain good treatment of others in society, is the result of tens of thousands of years of cultural trial and error. The customs passed down over time are those that help us to develop as cultural groups.
The study of those changes has helped us to understand how we successfully spread around the world as cooperative groups. Biological evolution has helped humans be more cooperative, but cultural changes have accelerated this process.
Cultural evolution helps us to overcome our selfish natures. Try to understand rules before you ignore them—and next time you find a fiver on the ground, you might think about the awkward situation your discovery represents.
28．What made the parents feel a bit awkward
A．The difficulty sharing the money.
B．The difficulty finding the owner of the money.
C．The thought of putting the money on the bench.
D．The thought of keeping the money for themselves.
29．Why is “Yom Kippur” talked about in the text
A．To highlight a fact. B．To draw a conclusion.
C．To make a comparison. D．To support an argument.
30．How is biological evolution different from cultural evolution
A．It evolves much slower. B．It takes much less time.
C．It is a more complex process. D．It makes humans more cooperative.
31．What does the author intend to explain in the text
A．How cultural evolution takes place. B．Why people sometimes behave selfishly.
C．Why kindness exists in a competitive world. D．How kindness spreads throughout the world.
D
The sign of a healthy personal relationship is one that is equally mutual（相互的） —where you get out just as much as you put in. Nature has its own version of a healthy relationship. Known as mutualisms, they are interactions between species that are mutually beneficial for each species. One example is the interaction between plants and pollinators（传粉者）, where your apple trees are pollinated and the honeybee gets nectar（花蜜） as a food reward. But how are mutualisms affected by other organisms that take those rewards without providing a service in return
A team of researchers recently researched that question. They investigated the abilities of diverse communities of mutualists, comparing how each deals with cheaters. Cheaters are species that steal the benefits of the mutualism without providing anything in return. An example of one of nature’s cheaters is nectar robbers. Nectar-robbing bees chew through the side of flowers to feed on nectar without coming into contact with the flower parts that would result in pollination.
The researchers produced mutualisms in the lab using yeast strains（酵母菌株） that functioned as mutualist species. Each yeast strain produced a food resource to exchange with a mutualist partner. They engineered four species of each type of mutualists as well as two cheater strains that were unable to make food resources.
The researchers created communities of yeast that differed both in the number of species and the presence of cheaters. They found that communities with higher numbers of mutualist species were better able to resist the negative effects of cheaters because there were multiple species of mutualists performing the same task. If one species was lost from the community due to competing with a cheater, there were other species around to perform the task, showing that the presence of more species in a community can reduce the negative effects of cheaters.
Their results highlight the importance of having multiple mutualist species that provide similar resources or services, essentially creating a backup in case one species goes extinct. It’s similar to the relationship between grocery stores and suppliers. Grocery stores have multiple suppliers to ensure that there are always goods available should something happen to one supplier.
The future study is to explore the possibility of a mutualist species becoming a cheater. The group is testing if mutualists that perform the same function might set up an environment that allows one of those mutualist species to become a cheater since there are other mutualists around that can fill that role.
32．Which of the following can be an example of mutualism
A．Farmers and crops. B．Sunlight and plants.
C．Cities and wild animals. D．Humans and global warming.
33．What can be concluded from the study of communities of yeast
A．More communities of yeast are better than one. B．More species of mutualists are better than one.
C．More species of mutualists lead to fewer cheaters. D．More communities of yeast lead to fewer cheaters.
34．According to the text, which of the following may have the same role as “suppliers” underlined in paragraph 5
A．Nectar. B．Honeybees. C．Cheaters. D．Apples.
35．According to the study, what would happen in a community of mutualists
A．Cheaters would become extinct. B．Cheaters would act as mutualist species.
C．A mutualist species would switch to cheating. D．Mutualist species and cheaters would work together.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why I Love June
Memorial Day has come and gone and June has officially begun. In my mind, that means summer is here—even if the calendar says it doesn’t arrive for another few weeks. How you greet a new season sets the tone for how positively you are prepared to enter into a new time of year. 36 and feel inspired to share my reasons why I love the start of the summer.
I can have fun on the beach. I’m a beach lover. I’ve been sticking my feet in the grainy sands of the beach since I was born. 37 —and Grandma’s blueberry pie（a great way to end a long beach day）. I usually kick off my beach weekends in late May, but June is when I enjoy the salty smell and rolling waves as I close my eyes and let the sun pour down on my shoulders.
38 . When June rolls around I seem to notice the colorful flowers around me a lot more. Maybe it’s because I’ve just started walking outside for longer periods of time as the weather allows it, or maybe it’s because I’ve started wearing brighter colors, but the pink, purple, yellow and red flowers that blanket the parks and gardens I pass seem more brilliant than ever.
I can breathe easier when I run. There’s something about the June air here that makes me happy. Yes, we get the occasional hot summer day when all we can do is sit still and hope to feel cool, but for the most part, the sun and wind work together to give my lungs a healthy charge while I’m running along the river. It doesn’t have that winter bite that causes me to cough. 39 .
I feel happier. It seems silly that the start of a certain month can change my mood, but when my sandals（凉鞋） remind me that my winter boots are hiding in the back of my closet, I feel a sense of joy. You could say the start of summer is like a mini new year for me. It brings life to plans and ideas that I may have been avoiding and gets me out and about. 40 .
Thanks, June.
A．All kinds of plants start growing
B．The flowers seem more attractive
C．I actually enjoy exercising as a result
D．It’s always a place that I associate with enjoyment
E．Seasons really can change more than just the weather
F．I begin to think about how I feel about this lovely month
G．Mother tells me it was on a rainy night in June that I arrived
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Happiness can be difficult to find. But even when happiness seems almost impossible, it can be obtained with a shift in ways of thinking or simply a 41 .
I volunteered at an elderly care home this past summer. 42 , I didn’t think much about the visits to the residents. There couldn’t be anything 43 to talk about with old people, right But as I got to know them my outlook—and life—completely 44 .
One resident I remember vividly was a woman with a friendly smile. I 45 a collection of porcelain（瓷制的） shoes, in varying sizes, beside her window. “Those are really pretty,” I said. The woman’s face instantly lit up. “Ah yes! I used to 46 them when I was younger,” she said, carefully 47 a shoe with a beautiful design. “My daughter bought it for me. I saw it in an antique store and just knew I had to have it.” I could feel the 48 in her voice.
I visited another resident who kept her wedding photograph next to her bed. The photograph, though 49 and black-and-white, showed the pure joy on the bride’s and groom’s faces. Along with the photograph, she 50 postcards and letters from her family. Looking at the pictures on the postcards, she could 51 she was traveling around the world with them.
These stories—so familiar, yet so distant from my 52 —made me see what truly defines happiness. Despite their old 53 , the residents had happy memories of friends and family, and a great deal of experiences to 54 . All these little details turn into their own 55 of happiness. I must make the most of life so that one day I can unearth my own tiny pieces of happiness.
41．A．visit B．memory C．talk D．wish
42．A．Continually B．Eventually C．Gradually D．Initially
43．A．interesting B．necessary C．boring D．difficult
44．A．changed B．improved C．disappeared D．matched
45．A．arranged B．put C．noticed D．remembered
46．A．throw B．collect C．sell D．compare
47．A．searching for B．putting away C．picking up D．working on
48．A．hope B．pressure C．confidence D．joy
49．A．old B．dirty C．useless D．ugly
50．A．received B．kept C．checked D．sent
51．A．believe B．tell C．explain D．imagine
52．A．position B．description C．viewpoints D．life
53．A．wisdom B．work C．age D．hobbies
54．A．share B．follow C．gain D．learn
55．A．expectation B．guarantee C．definition D．knowledge
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Twin panda cubs（幼崽） made their public appearance for the first time Wednesday before devoted fans in Tokyo.
The twins, male cub Xiao Xiao and its sister Lei Lei, which were born at Tokyo’s Ueno Zoo in June, took 56 （they） first steps with fans from different parts of the country 57 （hold） up their smart phones to film the lovely pair as they played together.
In 58 （prepare） for their public appearance, the twins and their mother were placed in a shared living quarter where they were exposed to sounds from a radio 59 （get） used to noise and voices from visitors.
In a video 60 （release） by the zoo Wednesday, the twin cubs sit back to back on a tree playing with bamboo while visitors 61 （hear） saying “kawaii（cute）!” in the background. Then the male cub steps on its sister to move up the tree.
Groups of six people at 62 time were allowed to enter the panda quarters, where they could remain for one minute. The public viewing period was limited 63 two hours in the morning.
“I was filled with excitement when I first saw them,” said Kirie Tanaka, a panda fan who came from the 64 （west） Japanese city of Osaka for the day.
During her turn, the cubs were pretending to eat bamboo and “that was just adorable,” said Tanaka, 65 hat and bag were decorated with dancing pandas. “It’s so comforting to see them.”
The rare animals live mainly in the bamboo-covered mountains in China’s Sichuan area.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，Mark是你的留学生好友。你对英语写作感兴趣，打算开始英语写作的实践。请给Mark写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．你的打算；
2．习作的形式、内容等；
3．希望得到Mark对习作的评价和建议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mark, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you so much. Yours, Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I’m a single mom and have to work hard to pay my bills, raise my five-year-old and get enough food for my family. Even worse, my father is suffering from heart trouble and my family is burdened with huge medical expenses.
There was a time I lived on a tight budget and had to count every single penny I spent as I had been out of work for months. I even hated to go shopping in fear of spending more than I could. When I had to, I would stand there and add things up over and over again. During the recent holiday season, I was shopping at Trader Joe’s. I carefully chose things at the store that I thought I needed most, and then added everything up.
To my disappointment, the total was too high—it was more than I had. I couldn’t buy all that I had chosen, so I had no choice but to look through everything trying to figure out what to put back. It was hard to make the decision, because the things that I had put into the basket all seemed absolutely necessary. In the end I kept the things that everyone else would have loved, but put back the one thing that I loved. It was a simple frozen package of chicken. But that package was what put the total over budget.
I hated the feeling of not being able to afford that package of chicken. But that was life and I moved on and tried to forget about it. It was what I had to do.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That night our doorbell rang. __________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I still have no idea who put the package of chicken at our door and have been wondering about it. ____________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
娄底市2023年下学期高三质量检测
英语参考答案
题序 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
答案 B B C C A B A A A B B C B C C
题序 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A A A C B B C C D A A D D D A
题序 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
答案 C A B B C F D B C E B D A A C
题序 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
答案 B C D A B D D C A C
A
21．B。根据“The Scholastic Awards Summer（SAS） Scholarship Program provides teens who have been recognized by the Scholastic Art & Writing Awards with an opportunity to attend summer art or writing programs”可确定答案。
22．C。根据“Teens in grades 7—11 who have received a Gold or Silver Key can apply for a SAS Scholarship.”可确定答案。
23．C。根据“APPLICATION CHECKLIST”部分第1、2条可确定答案。
B
24．D。根据第三段内容可确定答案。
25．A。根据“compared to 15 currently”可确定答案。
26．A。最后一段中所提及的“corner stores（街头小店）”和“mom-and-pop stores（家庭式小店）”的语境背景为上段中的“Urban planners, city governments and activists should pursue policies encouraging an ideal density of grocery stores based on each city’s population”。这些小店的再度兴起有助于城市杂货店的数量达到一个理想的分布密度。
27．D。本文的主题为增加城市杂货店的数量，方便人们就近购物，减少每次的购物量，以减少在储存食物过程中所造成的食物浪费。
C
28．D。本文的论点为文化进化帮助我们克服了自私的本性（Cultural evolution helps us to overcome our selfish natures.）。根据“Then one of the parents remarked that we’d probably have behaved differently—that is, we would have just taken the money—had we been alone.”可知，当看到地上的钱时，人的自私本性使这些父母们产生了自私的想法：将钱占为己有。这种想法使人感到有点尴尬。
29．D。本文所提及的“Yom Kippur（犹太人的赎罪日）”是作为一个论据来支持本文的论点：“Cultural evolution helps us to overcome our selfish natures.”。
30．A。根据“Cultural changes are far faster than biological evolution”可确定答案。
31．C。本文在语篇结构上分为三部分。第一部分（第一、二段）引出与短文主题相关的问题：由于人的自私的本性，在这个充满竞争的社会里是否还存在善行（whether kindness can exist in a competitive world）;第二部分（第三、四段）列举有关例子来证明人的善行的社会存在；第三部分（第五至七段）说明在这个充满竞争的社会里仍然存在善行，这是千百年来的文化进化所致。结尾段中的“Cultural evolution helps us to overcome our selfish natures.”点明语篇的主题。
D
32．A。根据“Known as mutualisms, they are interactions between species that are mutually beneficial for each species.”可知，mutualism（互利共生）是指不同的生物体相互作用,形成了紧密的互利关系。crops靠farmers的培植得以生长，farmers靠crops获取经济利益，两者之间形成了互利共生的关系。
33．B。概括第四段内容可确定答案。研究结果表明，共生酵母菌多的酵母群落能更好地抵制“骗子（cheaters）”所产生的消极影响，因为当其中有共生酵母菌遭受损失时，还有其它的共生酵母菌可承担其角色。
34．B。供货商向商店提供货物，其作用就相当于蜜蜂向树木传授花粉。
35．C。根据最后一段内容可确定答案。
36．F。逻辑衔接句。联系上句及本句后面的内容可确定答案。
37．D。逻辑衔接句。联系上句及本句后面的内容可确定答案。D选项中的“It”指the beach。
38．B。段落主题句。本段主要叙述六月的鲜花在作者看来更鲜艳，更吸引人。
39．C。逻辑衔接句。联系上句内容可确定答案。
40．E。概括句。本段的主题为六月使人更快乐。本句的言下之意是季节的更换不仅仅是天气的变化，还有人的心情的变化。
41．B。本文讲述对过去的回忆使老人们获得了幸福感。
42．D。initially：起初。本段叙述作者起初对看望养老院的老人们和与他们进行交谈不怎么感兴趣，但随着对老人们的深入了解，作者彻底改变了自己的看法。
43．A。参见第42题解析。
44．A。参见第42题解析。
45．C。作者注意到了老人所收藏的瓷鞋子，于是展开了有关瓷鞋子的对话。
46．B。collect：收藏。
47．C。pick up：（从地上或其它地方）拿起。老人拿起瓷鞋子，向作者讲述它的来历。
48．D。根据本文主题的关键词“happiness”可确定答案。
49．A。根据老人的“wedding photograph”可确定答案。
50．B。keep：保存。
51．D。看到家人们寄来的明信片上的照片，老人便能想象她在与家人们一起周游世界。
52．D。老人们这一辈的故事与作者的生活相距遥远。
53．C。尽管年纪大了，这些老人们仍然有关于朋友和家人的美好记忆，有很多经历可分享。
54．A。share：分享。
55．C。此处definition of happiness（幸福的定义）与本段的“what truly defines happiness”相呼应。对于幸福，这些老人们有自己的定义，联系前文所叙述的两位老人的例子可确定答案。
56．their。人称代词的所有格形式修饰名词first steps。
57．holding。此处为“with+复合结构”，holding 为动词-ing形式“在 with+复合结构”中作宾补，与宾语fans构成主动进行的关系。
58．preparation。名词preparation作介词in的宾语。
59．to get。动词不定式作目的状语。
60．released。动词-ed形式在句中作定语修饰名词a video，与a video构成被动完成的关系。
61．are heard。hear与主语visitors之间为被动关系。用一般现在时，与本段其它句子的时态一致。
62．a。at a time：每次。
63．to。be limited to：限制在……范围内。
64．western。形容词western修饰名词Japanese city。
65．whose。关系代词whose引导一个定语从句。whose hat and bag即Tanaka’s ha t and bag。
第四部分
第一节
【参考范文】
Dear Mark,
I have taken a special interest in English writing so I intend to start practicing writing in English to improve my
writing skills. My writing, concerning our school life and based on my experiences or opinions, will include different types, such as reports, short stories and even poems. I’d like to share my work with you and sincerely hope I can get your comments and advice. Getting feedback on my work, you know, is a good way for me to become a better writer.
Thank you so much.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
【参考范文】
That night our doorbell rang. It was odd because it was so late. I went to the door and opened it, but found nobody around. All at once I found at the door a package of chicken, which looked the same as the one I had put back at the store. On the package was a note, on which was written: Enjoy your chicken. I immediately knew what had happened. Someone really cared about me! Holding the package, I was moved to tears, full of gratitude.
I still have no idea who put the package of chicken at our door and have been wondering about it. Was it the woman behind me in line at the store that kindly brought me the chicken Or maybe the cashier at the store who noticed me in an awkward situation Anyway, no matter who did this, I know there is one thing I can be sure of: there is still kindness in this world. It is really heartwarming to think about this. It always encourages me to get through my hard times.
听力材料
Text 1
W: Did you have any language problems in that country
M: None at all. Most of the people there speak some English. They teach it to all the students in schools.
Text 2
W: I suppose we should reach that town by eleven o’clock in the morning.
M: That means we’ll have to travel for about three hours.
Text 3
M: I’m thinking of moving to a new city and getting another job.
W: But why
M: I think it would be nice to move to a warmer climate.
Text 4
M: I worked and traveled in South America for months, but eventually I got homesick.
W: I guess traveling and living by yourself can get kind of lonely.
M: Yeah, it sure can. That’s why I came back.
Text 5
M: Any idea when Peter might be back, Jane
W: Well, he shouldn’t be long. He said he was just going to get some paint. But I wouldn’t be surprised if he stopped off at the pub or at the cinema on the way back.
Text 6
M: I’d like to visit a wildlife park during the coming summer holidays.
W: A wildlife park
M: Yes. You can see animals in their natural surroundings. In the wildlife parks the animals are protected. It is against law to kill them.
W: Oh, what fun to see animals that are free—instead of in zoos.
M: Then why don’t we go together to a wildlife park
W: That’s fine.
Text 7
M: What’s happened to Janet I haven’t seen her for a long time.
W: I don’t know, and I really don’t care, either.
M: Why I took it for granted that you two were good friends.
W: We used to be. Not any more, though. I got tired of her remarks.
M: I’m sorry to hear that. Janet is really a nice girl, though. And life’s too short to stay angry at someone. Let bygones be bygones.
W: I suppose you’re right. It’s no fun being mad at people.
Text 8
W: Peter, what are you going to do tomorrow
M: I was planning to work in the yard. Why
W: Maybe we should take a look at the new Winfield Mall.
M: Hmmm ... Well, ... I’d rather finish the yard work, but if you really want to ... Anything special going on
W: You might be interested in the car show. The ad says it’s the biggest and the best in Winfield history.
M: You’re not foolish enough to believe what an ad says, are you
W: I know, but there’s a fashion show I’d like to see, too. I might get some good ideas.
M: OK. Sounds good to me. Let’s see if our kids want to go. But let’s try not to spend too much money.
Text 9
M: Why are you driving so slowly The roads were just as crowded this morning, but you drove much faster!
W: That’s just it. I drove too fast.
M: What You mean something happened after you left me
W: It was in the center of town. I was in a hurry, and a boy ran out in front of me...
M: You mean ... you mean...
W: Wait! Listen! The boy was a good distance away so I didn’t slow down.
M: Well, what’s so terrible about that
W: Just a second. There’s more. The boy fell down.
M: Fell down You mean you hit him
W: No, but I almost did. I braked as hard as I could. I stopped, but only just in time.
M: Well, at least you didn’t have an accident.
W: No, but that isn’t the only reason I’m driving so carefully. There’s a police car behind us. It’s following us, so we can’t forget the speed limit, can we
Text 10
Hello, everyone. Once again it is time to welcome the newcomers to International English School. Now, you’re all here to improve your English skills and you’ll be expected to attend two one-hour conversation classes each day, followed by grammar workshops. But first let’s get the serious matters out of the way.
This weekend, which is your first in London, we’ll help you get used to your new surroundings in an unusual and exciting way. So starting with Friday, in the morning we thought you’d want to know about this city—we know that some of you have already visited a few museums in the neighbourhood—so a tour of London seemed like an ideal activity. In the afternoon we’ve planned games that’ll help you get to know your fellow newcomers.
On Saturday, our Travel Club has organised a day out in Bath, a historical city. We’ll be setting off at 10 a. m., on board a bus which we’ve hired for the day. Everything will be provided for you except refreshments which you’ll need to get yourselves before leaving.
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A． 19.15. B． 9.18. C． 9.15.
答案是C。
1．What did the man do
A．He taught English. B．He went abroad. C．He visited a school.
2．What time do the speakers plan to start out
A．At 3:00 a. m. B．At 8:00 a. m. C．At 11:00 a. m.
3．Which of the following does the man dislike
A．The new city. B．His new job. C．The cold climate.
4．Why did the man come back home
A．He was ill. B．He was out of work. C．He missed his family.
5．Why did Peter go out
A．To get some paint. B．To have a drink. C．To see a movie.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why does the woman want to go to a wildlife park
A．She can see a lot of animals.
B．She likes to see animals in the wild.
C．She doesn’t have to pay for the ticket.
7．When does this conversation probably take place
A．Before the summer holidays.
B．During the summer holidays.
C．After the summer holidays.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Why does the man ask about Janet
A．He hasn’t seen her for a long time.
B．He wants to make friends with her.
C．He wants the woman to be her friend.
9．What does the man think of Janet
A．Very nice. B．Very clever. C．Hardworking.
10．What might be the result of the conversation
A．The man and Janet become friends.
B．The woman and Janet are friends again.
C．The man and the woman become friends.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．How does the man feel about what the ad says
A．He believes it. B．He doubts it. C．He is interested in it.
12．What will the speakers most probably do tomorrow
A．Work in the yard. B．Go to a car show. C．Go to a fashion show.
13．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers
A．Mother and son. B．Husband and wife. C．Father and daughter.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．Why does the man complain to the woman
A．She is driving too fast. B．She is driving carelessly. C．She is driving so slowly.
15．What did the woman do when she saw a boy running out in front of her
A．She slowed down. B．She drove even faster. C．She continued driving.
16．How did the boy fall down
A．He fell down himself. B．He was hit by a bus. C．He was hit by the woman’s car.
17．How many reasons does the woman give for driving carefully
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What will the new students do on Saturday
A．Visit a historical city. B．Tour around London. C．Play games with classmates.
19．When will the new students meet their teachers
A．On Sunday morning. B．On Sunday afternoon. C．On Sunday evening.
20．What does the speaker mainly talk about
A．A tour of London.
B．The plan for the weekend.
C．The teaching arrangements.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Summer Scholarships
ABOUT THE PROGRAM
The Scholastic Awards Summer（SAS） Scholarship Program provides teens who have been recognized by the Scholastic Art & Writing Awards with an opportunity to attend summer art or writing programs on a full-tuition（全额学费） scholarship.
Teens do not apply for specific summer programs; instead, they apply for a SAS Scholarship, and we work with our partners to place Scholars into a program that will work best for them based on their abilities and interests.
ELIGIBILITY（资格）
Teens in grades 7—11 who have received a Gold or Silver Key can apply for a SAS Scholarship. Individual programs may set additional criteria.
HOW TO SUBMIT
The application period opens when regional awards are announced in January. To apply, log you’re your account at portal, artandwriting. org. You will find My SAS Scholarships Application on your teen dashboard.
APPLICATION CHECKLIST
All applications must contain:
1．Your Gold or Silver Key, art or writing.
2．Up to five additional recent examples of your best art or writing.
3．Complete answers to all questions in the written part of the application, including your Profile and Student Questionnaire.
4．The Parent/Guardian Questionnaire must be completed by your parent or guardian.
21．What is the purpose of the program
A．To help teens to win a scholarship. B．To give teens training in art or writing.
C．To reward teens who love art or writing. D．To encourage teens’ interest in art or writing.
22．Who can apply for the program
A．Anyone who loves art or writing.
B．Anyone who wants to do better in art or writing.
C．Those who are the Scholastic Awards winners.
D．Those who want to be the Scholastic Awards winners.
23．Which of the following must be included in the application
A．Your plan for winning a reward. B．Your descriptions of your works.
C．Your achievements in art or writing. D．Your suggestions about the program.
B
One strategy for reducing food waste’s environmental impact seems contrary to common sense: Open more grocery stores. That’s according to new research from Elena Belavina, an expert in operations management and supply chains.
The food we throw out because it goes bad when cleaning out the fridge makes a surprisingly large contribution to global warming. One-third of all food produced is wasted, a problem responsible for carbon emissions（排放物） equivalent to all road transportation, said Belavina.
When consumers can purchase food nearby, they shop more often but buy less each time, ultimately wasting less. “The more stores you have, the lower food waste is going to be,” said Belavina. “Very small increases in store density（密度） can have a very high impact.”
Belavina found that in Chicago, which she said is typical of many American cities, adding just three or four markets within a 10-square-kilometer area would reduce food waste by 6% to 9%. That would achieve an emissions reduction comparable to converting（改装） more than 20,000 cars from petrol to electric power.
Most big cities are well below the ideal density of grocery stores that would minimize food waste, the research determined. In Chicago, that would be about 200 markets within a 10-square-kilometer area—compared to 15 currently—but most of the benefit from reduced emissions would be achieved by about 50 markets. New York City, with its abundance of produce stands and neighborhood markets, comes closest to its ideal density.
Urban planners, city governments and activists should pursue policies encouraging an ideal density of grocery stores based on each city’s population, she said. Chain stores’ sustainability plans should analyze how their store networks and supply chains contribute to food waste and emissions overall.
“We actually see some moves toward going a little bit back in time and those small corner stores and mom-and-pop stores are making a comeback,” she said.
24．Why can higher store density reduce food waste
A．There are more stores to supply fresh food. B．There are more stores to deal with food waste.
C．Consumers can spend less time on buying food. D．Consumers needn’t overbuy their groceries.
25．How many markets are there per 10 square kilometers in Chicago now
A．15 markets. B．About 4 markets. C．About 50 markets. D．About 200 markets.
26．What does Belavina think of small corner stores and mom-and-pop stores
A．They are helpful. B．They are a problem.
C．They are of little help. D．They do better than grocery stores.
27．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Buy Less, Eat Less B．Ideal Density of Grocery Stores
C．Food Waste and Global Warming D．More Grocery Stores, Less Food Waste
C
Recently, I was walking with some parents when we came across a five-pound note lying on the ground. We stood around it for a moment, a bit awkwardly, until someone suggested putting it on a nearby bench. Then one of the parents remarked that we’d probably have behaved differently—that is, we would have just taken the money—had we been alone.
This relates to a classic question in studies of human generosity: do we behave more selfishly when we aren’t being observed The debate goes on across the psychological and biological sciences, as well as in popular culture, about whether kindness can exist in a competitive world.
Yom Kippur is a Jewish（犹太人的） religious holiday when Jewish people fast and ask for forgiveness for the wrongs they’ve committed. One of the points of Yom Kippur is to behave better regardless of who is watching. There’s an evolutionary beauty to the teachings of Yom Kippur, which are the products of thousands of years of cultural changes and evolution.
The Maasai people of Kenya practice osotua: relationships between people that operate based on need. When someone forms an osotua relationship with another, they enter into an unwritten contract to help their partner in times of need. And hunter-gatherer groups, which can represent the circumstances our species evolved in, have many similar examples.
Cultural evolution helps to explain the existence and complexity of these systems. Culturalchanges are far faster than biological evolution, allowing intelligent species like humans to develop behavioral adaptations for managing complex social environments. Osotua, or any other practice that helps to maintain good treatment of others in society, is the result of tens of thousands of years of cultural trial and error. The customs passed down over time are those that help us to develop as cultural groups.
The study of those changes has helped us to understand how we successfully spread around the world as cooperative groups. Biological evolution has helped humans be more cooperative, but cultural changes have accelerated this process.
Cultural evolution helps us to overcome our selfish natures. Try to understand rules before you ignore them—and next time you find a fiver on the ground, you might think about the awkward situation your discovery represents.
28．What made the parents feel a bit awkward
A．The difficulty sharing the money.
B．The difficulty finding the owner of the money.
C．The thought of putting the money on the bench.
D．The thought of keeping the money for themselves.
29．Why is “Yom Kippur” talked about in the text
A．To highlight a fact. B．To draw a conclusion.
C．To make a comparison. D．To support an argument.
30．How is biological evolution different from cultural evolution
A．It evolves much slower. B．It takes much less time.
C．It is a more complex process. D．It makes humans more cooperative.
31．What does the author intend to explain in the text
A．How cultural evolution takes place. B．Why people sometimes behave selfishly.
C．Why kindness exists in a competitive world. D．How kindness spreads throughout the world.
D
The sign of a healthy personal relationship is one that is equally mutual（相互的） —where you get out just as much as you put in. Nature has its own version of a healthy relationship. Known as mutualisms, they are interactions between species that are mutually beneficial for each species. One example is the interaction between plants and pollinators（传粉者）, where your apple trees are pollinated and the honeybee gets nectar（花蜜） as a food reward. But how are mutualisms affected by other organisms that take those rewards without providing a service in return
A team of researchers recently researched that question. They investigated the abilities of diverse communities of mutualists, comparing how each deals with cheaters. Cheaters are species that steal the benefits of the mutualism without providing anything in return. An example of one of nature’s cheaters is nectar robbers. Nectar-robbing bees chew through the side of flowers to feed on nectar without coming into contact with the flower parts that would result in pollination.
The researchers produced mutualisms in the lab using yeast strains（酵母菌株） that functioned as mutualist species. Each yeast strain produced a food resource to exchange with a mutualist partner. They engineered four species of each type of mutualists as well as two cheater strains that were unable to make food resources.
The researchers created communities of yeast that differed both in the number of species and the presence of cheaters. They found that communities with higher numbers of mutualist species were better able to resist the negative effects of cheaters because there were multiple species of mutualists performing the same task. If one species was lost from the community due to competing with a cheater, there were other species around to perform the task, showing that the presence of more species in a community can reduce the negative effects of cheaters.
Their results highlight the importance of having multiple mutualist species that provide similar resources or services, essentially creating a backup in case one species goes extinct. It’s similar to the relationship between grocery stores and suppliers. Grocery stores have multiple suppliers to ensure that there are always goods available should something happen to one supplier.
The future study is to explore the possibility of a mutualist species becoming a cheater. The group is testing if mutualists that perform the same function might set up an environment that allows one of those mutualist species to become a cheater since there are other mutualists around that can fill that role.
32．Which of the following can be an example of mutualism
A．Farmers and crops. B．Sunlight and plants.
C．Cities and wild animals. D．Humans and global warming.
33．What can be concluded from the study of communities of yeast
A．More communities of yeast are better than one. B．More species of mutualists are better than one.
C．More species of mutualists lead to fewer cheaters. D．More communities of yeast lead to fewer cheaters.
34．According to the text, which of the following may have the same role as “suppliers” underlined in paragraph 5
A．Nectar. B．Honeybees. C．Cheaters. D．Apples.
35．According to the study, what would happen in a community of mutualists
A．Cheaters would become extinct. B．Cheaters would act as mutualist species.
C．A mutualist species would switch to cheating. D．Mutualist species and cheaters would work together.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why I Love June
Memorial Day has come and gone and June has officially begun. In my mind, that means summer is here—even if the calendar says it doesn’t arrive for another few weeks. How you greet a new season sets the tone for how positively you are prepared to enter into a new time of year. 36 and feel inspired to share my reasons why I love the start of the summer.
I can have fun on the beach. I’m a beach lover. I’ve been sticking my feet in the grainy sands of the beach since I was born. 37 —and Grandma’s blueberry pie（a great way to end a long beach day）. I usually kick off my beach weekends in late May, but June is when I enjoy the salty smell and rolling waves as I close my eyes and let the sun pour down on my shoulders.
38 . When June rolls around I seem to notice the colorful flowers around me a lot more. Maybe it’s because I’ve just started walking outside for longer periods of time as the weather allows it, or maybe it’s because I’ve started wearing brighter colors, but the pink, purple, yellow and red flowers that blanket the parks and gardens I pass seem more brilliant than ever.
I can breathe easier when I run. There’s something about the June air here that makes me happy. Yes, we get the occasional hot summer day when all we can do is sit still and hope to feel cool, but for the most part, the sun and wind work together to give my lungs a healthy charge while I’m running along the river. It doesn’t have that winter bite that causes me to cough. 39 .
I feel happier. It seems silly that the start of a certain month can change my mood, but when my sandals（凉鞋） remind me that my winter boots are hiding in the back of my closet, I feel a sense of joy. You could say the start of summer is like a mini new year for me. It brings life to plans and ideas that I may have been avoiding and gets me out and about. 40 .
Thanks, June.
A．All kinds of plants start growing
B．The flowers seem more attractive
C．I actually enjoy exercising as a result
D．It’s always a place that I associate with enjoyment
E．Seasons really can change more than just the weather
F．I begin to think about how I feel about this lovely month
G．Mother tells me it was on a rainy night in June that I arrived
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Happiness can be difficult to find. But even when happiness seems almost impossible, it can be obtained with a shift in ways of thinking or simply a 41 .
I volunteered at an elderly care home this past summer. 42 , I didn’t think much about the visits to the residents. There couldn’t be anything 43 to talk about with old people, right But as I got to know them my outlook—and life—completely 44 .
One resident I remember vividly was a woman with a friendly smile. I 45 a collection of porcelain（瓷制的） shoes, in varying sizes, beside her window. “Those are really pretty,” I said. The woman’s face instantly lit up. “Ah yes! I used to 46 them when I was younger,” she said, carefully 47 a shoe with a beautiful design. “My daughter bought it for me. I saw it in an antique store and just knew I had to have it.” I could feel the 48 in her voice.
I visited another resident who kept her wedding photograph next to her bed. The photograph, though 49 and black-and-white, showed the pure joy on the bride’s and groom’s faces. Along with the photograph, she 50 postcards and letters from her family. Looking at the pictures on the postcards, she could 51 she was traveling around the world with them.
These stories—so familiar, yet so distant from my 52 —made me see what truly defines happiness. Despite their old 53 , the residents had happy memories of friends and family, and a great deal of experiences to 54 . All these little details turn into their own 55 of happiness. I must make the most of life so that one day I can unearth my own tiny pieces of happiness.
41．A．visit B．memory C．talk D．wish
42．A．Continually B．Eventually C．Gradually D．Initially
43．A．interesting B．necessary C．boring D．difficult
44．A．changed B．improved C．disappeared D．matched
45．A．arranged B．put C．noticed D．remembered
46．A．throw B．collect C．sell D．compare
47．A．searching for B．putting away C．picking up D．working on
48．A．hope B．pressure C．confidence D．joy
49．A．old B．dirty C．useless D．ugly
50．A．received B．kept C．checked D．sent
51．A．believe B．tell C．explain D．imagine
52．A．position B．description C．viewpoints D．life
53．A．wisdom B．work C．age D．hobbies
54．A．share B．follow C．gain D．learn
55．A．expectation B．guarantee C．definition D．knowledge
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Twin panda cubs（幼崽） made their public appearance for the first time Wednesday before devoted fans in Tokyo.
The twins, male cub Xiao Xiao and its sister Lei Lei, which were born at Tokyo’s Ueno Zoo in June, took 56 （they） first steps with fans from different parts of the country 57 （hold） up their smart phones to film the lovely pair as they played together.
In 58 （prepare） for their public appearance, the twins and their mother were placed in a shared living quarter where they were exposed to sounds from a radio 59 （get） used to noise and voices from visitors.
In a video 60 （release） by the zoo Wednesday, the twin cubs sit back to back on a tree playing with bamboo while visitors 61 （hear） saying “kawaii（cute）!” in the background. Then the male cub steps on its sister to move up the tree.
Groups of six people at 62 time were allowed to enter the panda quarters, where they could remain for one minute. The public viewing period was limited 63 two hours in the morning.
“I was filled with excitement when I first saw them,” said Kirie Tanaka, a panda fan who came from the 64 （west） Japanese city of Osaka for the day.
During her turn, the cubs were pretending to eat bamboo and “that was just adorable,” said Tanaka, 65 hat and bag were decorated with dancing pandas. “It’s so comforting to see them.”
The rare animals live mainly in the bamboo-covered mountains in China’s Sichuan area.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，Mark是你的留学生好友。你对英语写作感兴趣，打算开始英语写作的实践。请给Mark写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．你的打算；
2．习作的形式、内容等；
3．希望得到Mark对习作的评价和建议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mark, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you so much. Yours, Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I’m a single mom and have to work hard to pay my bills, raise my five-year-old and get enough food for my family. Even worse, my father is suffering from heart trouble and my family is burdened with huge medical expenses.
There was a time I lived on a tight budget and had to count every single penny I spent as I had been out of work for months. I even hated to go shopping in fear of spending more than I could. When I had to, I would stand there and add things up over and over again. During the recent holiday season, I was shopping at Trader Joe’s. I carefully chose things at the store that I thought I needed most, and then added everything up.
To my disappointment, the total was too high—it was more than I had. I couldn’t buy all that I had chosen, so I had no choice but to look through everything trying to figure out what to put back. It was hard to make the decision, because the things that I had put into the basket all seemed absolutely necessary. In the end I kept the things that everyone else would have loved, but put back the one thing that I loved. It was a simple frozen package of chicken. But that package was what put the total over budget.
I hated the feeling of not being able to afford that package of chicken. But that was life and I moved on and tried to forget about it. It was what I had to do.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That night our doorbell rang. __________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I still have no idea who put the package of chicken at our door and have been wondering about it. ____________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
娄底市2023年下学期高三质量检测
英语参考答案
题序 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
答案 B B C C A B A A A B B C B C C
题序 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A A A C B B C C D A A D D D A
题序 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
答案 C A B B C F D B C E B D A A C
题序 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
答案 B C D A B D D C A C
A
21．B。根据“The Scholastic Awards Summer（SAS） Scholarship Program provides teens who have been recognized by the Scholastic Art & Writing Awards with an opportunity to attend summer art or writing programs”可确定答案。
22．C。根据“Teens in grades 7—11 who have received a Gold or Silver Key can apply for a SAS Scholarship.”可确定答案。
23．C。根据“APPLICATION CHECKLIST”部分第1、2条可确定答案。
B
24．D。根据第三段内容可确定答案。
25．A。根据“compared to 15 currently”可确定答案。
26．A。最后一段中所提及的“corner stores（街头小店）”和“mom-and-pop stores（家庭式小店）”的语境背景为上段中的“Urban planners, city governments and activists should pursue policies encouraging an ideal density of grocery stores based on each city’s population”。这些小店的再度兴起有助于城市杂货店的数量达到一个理想的分布密度。
27．D。本文的主题为增加城市杂货店的数量，方便人们就近购物，减少每次的购物量，以减少在储存食物过程中所造成的食物浪费。
C
28．D。本文的论点为文化进化帮助我们克服了自私的本性（Cultural evolution helps us to overcome our selfish natures.）。根据“Then one of the parents remarked that we’d probably have behaved differently—that is, we would have just taken the money—had we been alone.”可知，当看到地上的钱时，人的自私本性使这些父母们产生了自私的想法：将钱占为己有。这种想法使人感到有点尴尬。
29．D。本文所提及的“Yom Kippur（犹太人的赎罪日）”是作为一个论据来支持本文的论点：“Cultural evolution helps us to overcome our selfish natures.”。
30．A。根据“Cultural changes are far faster than biological evolution”可确定答案。
31．C。本文在语篇结构上分为三部分。第一部分（第一、二段）引出与短文主题相关的问题：由于人的自私的本性，在这个充满竞争的社会里是否还存在善行（whether kindness can exist in a competitive world）;第二部分（第三、四段）列举有关例子来证明人的善行的社会存在；第三部分（第五至七段）说明在这个充满竞争的社会里仍然存在善行，这是千百年来的文化进化所致。结尾段中的“Cultural evolution helps us to overcome our selfish natures.”点明语篇的主题。
D
32．A。根据“Known as mutualisms, they are interactions between species that are mutually beneficial for each species.”可知，mutualism（互利共生）是指不同的生物体相互作用,形成了紧密的互利关系。crops靠farmers的培植得以生长，farmers靠crops获取经济利益，两者之间形成了互利共生的关系。
33．B。概括第四段内容可确定答案。研究结果表明，共生酵母菌多的酵母群落能更好地抵制“骗子（cheaters）”所产生的消极影响，因为当其中有共生酵母菌遭受损失时，还有其它的共生酵母菌可承担其角色。
34．B。供货商向商店提供货物，其作用就相当于蜜蜂向树木传授花粉。
35．C。根据最后一段内容可确定答案。
36．F。逻辑衔接句。联系上句及本句后面的内容可确定答案。
37．D。逻辑衔接句。联系上句及本句后面的内容可确定答案。D选项中的“It”指the beach。
38．B。段落主题句。本段主要叙述六月的鲜花在作者看来更鲜艳，更吸引人。
39．C。逻辑衔接句。联系上句内容可确定答案。
40．E。概括句。本段的主题为六月使人更快乐。本句的言下之意是季节的更换不仅仅是天气的变化，还有人的心情的变化。
41．B。本文讲述对过去的回忆使老人们获得了幸福感。
42．D。initially：起初。本段叙述作者起初对看望养老院的老人们和与他们进行交谈不怎么感兴趣，但随着对老人们的深入了解，作者彻底改变了自己的看法。
43．A。参见第42题解析。
44．A。参见第42题解析。
45．C。作者注意到了老人所收藏的瓷鞋子，于是展开了有关瓷鞋子的对话。
46．B。collect：收藏。
47．C。pick up：（从地上或其它地方）拿起。老人拿起瓷鞋子，向作者讲述它的来历。
48．D。根据本文主题的关键词“happiness”可确定答案。
49．A。根据老人的“wedding photograph”可确定答案。
50．B。keep：保存。
51．D。看到家人们寄来的明信片上的照片，老人便能想象她在与家人们一起周游世界。
52．D。老人们这一辈的故事与作者的生活相距遥远。
53．C。尽管年纪大了，这些老人们仍然有关于朋友和家人的美好记忆，有很多经历可分享。
54．A。share：分享。
55．C。此处definition of happiness（幸福的定义）与本段的“what truly defines happiness”相呼应。对于幸福，这些老人们有自己的定义，联系前文所叙述的两位老人的例子可确定答案。
56．their。人称代词的所有格形式修饰名词first steps。
57．holding。此处为“with+复合结构”，holding 为动词-ing形式“在 with+复合结构”中作宾补，与宾语fans构成主动进行的关系。
58．preparation。名词preparation作介词in的宾语。
59．to get。动词不定式作目的状语。
60．released。动词-ed形式在句中作定语修饰名词a video，与a video构成被动完成的关系。
61．are heard。hear与主语visitors之间为被动关系。用一般现在时，与本段其它句子的时态一致。
62．a。at a time：每次。
63．to。be limited to：限制在……范围内。
64．western。形容词western修饰名词Japanese city。
65．whose。关系代词whose引导一个定语从句。whose hat and bag即Tanaka’s ha t and bag。
第四部分
第一节
【参考范文】
Dear Mark,
I have taken a special interest in English writing so I intend to start practicing writing in English to improve my
writing skills. My writing, concerning our school life and based on my experiences or opinions, will include different types, such as reports, short stories and even poems. I’d like to share my work with you and sincerely hope I can get your comments and advice. Getting feedback on my work, you know, is a good way for me to become a better writer.
Thank you so much.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
【参考范文】
That night our doorbell rang. It was odd because it was so late. I went to the door and opened it, but found nobody around. All at once I found at the door a package of chicken, which looked the same as the one I had put back at the store. On the package was a note, on which was written: Enjoy your chicken. I immediately knew what had happened. Someone really cared about me! Holding the package, I was moved to tears, full of gratitude.
I still have no idea who put the package of chicken at our door and have been wondering about it. Was it the woman behind me in line at the store that kindly brought me the chicken Or maybe the cashier at the store who noticed me in an awkward situation Anyway, no matter who did this, I know there is one thing I can be sure of: there is still kindness in this world. It is really heartwarming to think about this. It always encourages me to get through my hard times.
听力材料
Text 1
W: Did you have any language problems in that country
M: None at all. Most of the people there speak some English. They teach it to all the students in schools.
Text 2
W: I suppose we should reach that town by eleven o’clock in the morning.
M: That means we’ll have to travel for about three hours.
Text 3
M: I’m thinking of moving to a new city and getting another job.
W: But why
M: I think it would be nice to move to a warmer climate.
Text 4
M: I worked and traveled in South America for months, but eventually I got homesick.
W: I guess traveling and living by yourself can get kind of lonely.
M: Yeah, it sure can. That’s why I came back.
Text 5
M: Any idea when Peter might be back, Jane
W: Well, he shouldn’t be long. He said he was just going to get some paint. But I wouldn’t be surprised if he stopped off at the pub or at the cinema on the way back.
Text 6
M: I’d like to visit a wildlife park during the coming summer holidays.
W: A wildlife park
M: Yes. You can see animals in their natural surroundings. In the wildlife parks the animals are protected. It is against law to kill them.
W: Oh, what fun to see animals that are free—instead of in zoos.
M: Then why don’t we go together to a wildlife park
W: That’s fine.
Text 7
M: What’s happened to Janet I haven’t seen her for a long time.
W: I don’t know, and I really don’t care, either.
M: Why I took it for granted that you two were good friends.
W: We used to be. Not any more, though. I got tired of her remarks.
M: I’m sorry to hear that. Janet is really a nice girl, though. And life’s too short to stay angry at someone. Let bygones be bygones.
W: I suppose you’re right. It’s no fun being mad at people.
Text 8
W: Peter, what are you going to do tomorrow
M: I was planning to work in the yard. Why
W: Maybe we should take a look at the new Winfield Mall.
M: Hmmm ... Well, ... I’d rather finish the yard work, but if you really want to ... Anything special going on
W: You might be interested in the car show. The ad says it’s the biggest and the best in Winfield history.
M: You’re not foolish enough to believe what an ad says, are you
W: I know, but there’s a fashion show I’d like to see, too. I might get some good ideas.
M: OK. Sounds good to me. Let’s see if our kids want to go. But let’s try not to spend too much money.
Text 9
M: Why are you driving so slowly The roads were just as crowded this morning, but you drove much faster!
W: That’s just it. I drove too fast.
M: What You mean something happened after you left me
W: It was in the center of town. I was in a hurry, and a boy ran out in front of me...
M: You mean ... you mean...
W: Wait! Listen! The boy was a good distance away so I didn’t slow down.
M: Well, what’s so terrible about that
W: Just a second. There’s more. The boy fell down.
M: Fell down You mean you hit him
W: No, but I almost did. I braked as hard as I could. I stopped, but only just in time.
M: Well, at least you didn’t have an accident.
W: No, but that isn’t the only reason I’m driving so carefully. There’s a police car behind us. It’s following us, so we can’t forget the speed limit, can we
Text 10
Hello, everyone. Once again it is time to welcome the newcomers to International English School. Now, you’re all here to improve your English skills and you’ll be expected to attend two one-hour conversation classes each day, followed by grammar workshops. But first let’s get the serious matters out of the way.
This weekend, which is your first in London, we’ll help you get used to your new surroundings in an unusual and exciting way. So starting with Friday, in the morning we thought you’d want to know about this city—we know that some of you have already visited a few museums in the neighbourhood—so a tour of London seemed like an ideal activity. In the afternoon we’ve planned games that’ll help you get to know your fellow newcomers.
On Saturday, our Travel Club has organised a day out in Bath, a historical city. We’ll be setting off at 10 a. m., on board a bus which we’ve hired for the day. Everything will be provided for you except refreshments which you’ll need to get yourselves before leaving.
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