2023学年上学期高二期末五校联考试卷
英语
满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.开考前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、班级、考号等相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案;不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须与在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
第一部分选择题(共95分)
一、听力(共两节，满分15分)
第一节听力理解(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
请听下面4段材料，每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第一段材料，回答第1至第2题。
1.How does the man feel about his business
A.Bored. B.Worried. C.Satisfied.
2.What will the man do next
A.Do market research. B.Plant some flowers. C.Go sailing with the woman.
听第二段材料，回答第3至4题。
3Why did scientists invent the robot
A.To study seabirds. B.To protect seabirds. C.To accompany seabirds.
4.How did seabirds react to the robot
A.They refused it. B.They ignored it. C.They accepted it.
听第三段材料，回答第5至7题。
5.Why is the woman angry about the dormitory
A.It is rather dirty. B.It is extremely small. C.It offers a broken key.
6.What is the man’s attitude toward the woman’s complaint
A.Impatient. B.Angry. C.Understanding.
7.Where is the woman arranged to live for the time being
A.In another dormitory. B.In a nearby hotel. C.In her roommate’s house.
听第四段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.How did the man’s grandpa feel when first using the computer
A.Excited. B.Frightened. C.Disappointed.
9.What mainly made the man’s grandpa learn to use the computer
A.Playing games. B.Watching live matches. C.Doing online shopping.
10.What will the woman do next
A.Go back home. B.Go abroad. C.Visit her grandpa.
第二节获取信息(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面1段独白。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，每空不超过三个词。录音播放两遍。(请将本节答案写在答卷11-15的空格中)
Problems Causes Results
Problems from vehicles 11 Cars and bus exhausts Respiratory diseases
Noise Noise from vehicles causes 12 of sleep and high levels of stress. Health problems such as heart disease and high 13
Traffic jams and 14 Too many vehicles on the roads Stress and waste of time Injuries and even death
Health problems The government has to spend money on 15 , on roads and on policing the roads. The economy of the country is being affected negatively.
二、单项选择(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
1. The problem is ______ to take the place of Terry.
A. who we can get B. what we can get C. who can we get D. what can we get
2. ______ many times, but he still couldn’t remember the Chinese meaning of this word.
A. Having been taught B. Although he had been taught
C. He had been taught D. He has been teaching
3. I thought you might know him. ______, you’re the man with connections.
A. After all B. Above all C. All in all D. All together
4. The Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 is believed ______more than 160,000 people and made millions homeless, ______it perhaps the most destroying tsunami in history.
A. to kill; making B. to have killed; making
C. to having kill; to make D. killing; made
5. The days are gone ______ physical strength was all ______ matters for her athletic career.
A. because; what B. when; that C. because; that D. when; what
6. It is ______Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
A. for this reason why B. for this reason that C. this reason so that D. of this reason why
7. It is not the place, nor the condition, ______ is often the case, but the mind alone ______can make anyone happy or miserable.
A. it; that B. as; which C. as; that D. which; which
8. ______is the first one ______the course will be given a discount.
A. Those who; signing up for B. Anyone who; taking
C. Whoever; to sign up for D. No matter who; to take
9. We need to remember ______we are informed of on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.
A. that if B. if how C. if what D. that what
10. ______of the painstaking efforts, the businessman owed his achievements to all the setbacks and obstacles that stood in the way.
A. Reminded B. Recalling C. Being reminded D. Recalled
11. You have nothing to ______by refusing to follow our advice.
A. gain B. qualify C. boom D. behave
12. Before the hurricane approached the town, the residents _______ to stay at home or reduce outdoor activities.
A. were warning B. have warned
C. warned D. had been warned
13. ______in the regulations that nobody ______any important information concerning the enterprise.
A. What is required; gives in B. As is required; give out
C. It is required; give away D. It requires; gives up
14. Our English teacher always creates an active atmosphere in her class ______we are willing to express ourselves.
A. where B. that C. which D. who
15. ______ his task, he went home and found his house ______, so he had to call the nearby police station immediately.
A. Having finished; broken out B. Finishing; broken into
C. Having finished; broken into D. Finished; breaking out
三、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Apply for the 2024—2025 School Year
We are thrilled you are considering Marist School for your child’s next chapter. Marist has two primary entry points for students in 7th and 9th grades to which we typically accept 150 and 50 students respectively.
Marist School utilizes Ravenna, an application management system, for all aspects of the admissions process. Through Ravenna, parents can access the Marist application, submit supporting materials, track application status, and view admission decisions. Our application for the 2024—2025 school year will be available late September with a January 22,2024 deadline.
Importantly, Marist continues to require the SSAT as part of the application process. On Saturday, January 6,2024, Marist will serve as a community test site for the SSAT. This is the last national testing day prior to our application deadline when a first set of SSAT scores is due.
Important Dates
September 2023 —April 2024 Marist School admissions events
Late September 2023 Marist 2024——2025 application available in Ravenna
October 2023 —January 2024 Required SSAT testing
December 3, 2023 Open House
January 22,2024 Deadline to apply to Marist; preliminary application and fee, parent and student questionnaires, and a first set of SSAT scores are due
February 12024 Deadline for Marist to receive any outstanding supplemental materials; transcripts, teacher and administrator evaluations, and parish/church verification form are due
February 12, 2024 Deadline to submit separate tuition assistance application
March 30, 2024 AAAIS common notification date
April 11, 2024 Deadline to respond to offer of admission
16. Who is this article mainly intended for
A. Students in 7th or 9th grades.
B. Students in 6th or 8th grades.
C. Parents of children in 6th or 8th grades.
D. Parents of children in 7th or 9th grades.
17. What do we know about Ravenna
A. It deals with entry applications.
B. It promotes school management.
C. It is accessible the whole school year.
D. It monitors the admissions process.
18. Which can be a possible date for candidates to submit teacher evaluations
A. August 30,2023. B. January 26,2024.
C. February 3,2024. D. March 30,2024.
B
Two “stolen” notebooks, Notebooks B and C, written by Charles Darwin have been mysteriously returned to Cambridge University on March 9th, 22 years after they were last seen, but who returned them is a real whodunit. They were left anonymously(匿名地) in a bright pink gift bag containing the original blue box the notebooks were kept in and a plain brown envelope, on which was printed a short message: “Librarian, Happy Easter X.”
With an action plan to use advanced information technology to preserve important culture heritage, the notebooks were originally removed from the Special Collections Strong Rooms — where the rarest and most valuable items are kept — for photography to take place at the library in September 2000, with the photography request completed in November 2000. During a following routine check in January 2001, it was found that the small box containing the two notebooks had not been returned to its proper place.
For many years, previous university librarians believed that the notebooks had been misplaced in the vast storerooms and collections of Cambridge University Library. Despite a number of searches over the years, they remained undiscovered. At the start of 2020, a new search — the largest in the library’s history – was arranged by the librarian Dr Gardner involving specialist staff assigned to search specific zones of the library’s storage facilities. However, this failed to locate the notebooks, leading to the conclusion, with the help of national experts in cultural heritage theft and recovery, that they had likely been stolen.
In July 1837, Charles Darwin wrote at the top of the page of one of his notebooks, “I think”. Then he drew a sketch(草图)of a tree, attempting to pose to himself the question about what is the origin of species. More than 20 years later, Darwin published On the Origin of Species. Notebooks B and C provide an extraordinary insight into Darwin’s search for the solution to what public in those days had called “that mystery of mysteries”, the origin of new species.
19. What can we learn from the passage
A. Notebooks B and C used to be kept in a plain brown envelope.
B. It took over 3 months to complete the photography in the library.
C. At first the librarians believed the notebooks hadn’t been stolen.
D. Charles Darwin searched the origin of trees in his notebooks.
20. Why were Notebooks B and C taken away from their original place
A. They were no longer regarded as the rarest and most valuable items.
B. They had to make room for the photography of special collections.
C. They would be presented for a photography exhibition in the library.
D. They needed to be recorded by taking photos for better preservation.
21. When did the library confirm the theft of the notebooks
A. After completing the photography.
B. After routine check in January 2001.
C. After the largest search in history.
D. After discovering the returned notebooks.
22. Which is this passage most likely taken from
A. A textbook. B. A newspaper.
C. A science report. D. An introduction to a book.
C
Cartoons suit the way we like information to be presented these days: vividly and in small amounts. We are used to cartoons and comic series that take a biting look at modern life or provide a bit of escapism. But recently we have seen an increase in the number of comic books: booklength comics with a single, continuous narrative. Historically, comic books were not popular outside France, Belgium, Japan, and the US. The exception is the worldwide popularity of a young reporter-detective from Belgium, Tintin.
The creation of the Belgian cartoonist Herge, The Adventures of Tintin first appeared in a Belgian newspaper in 1929. Each story appeared as a cartoon series week by week, but soon after was republished in book form. One of the main attractions for readers was that they were taken to parts of the world they had never seen and probably never would: Russia, Congo, America. Herge himself only traveled outside Belgium later in life, but his passion was educating his readers about other cultures and places.
Two things set Herge apart as a comic novelist. The first was his technical drawing skills: with just a few simple lines he could communicate a particular facial expression or movement. The second was the careful research he put into his stories. In The Crab with the Golden Claws, Tintin follows an opium-smuggling (鸦片走私) ring to North Africa; in King Ottakar’s Scepter, he makes an attempt at a military coup (政变) in a central European country. While telling these stories, Herge also made a fine balance between serious topics and humor.
Tintin had more than his fair share of adventures but perhaps the greatest is his journey to the Moon, told in Destination Moon and Explorers on the Moon. Written in 1953, sixteen years before the first Moon landing, the stories show a remarkable eye for technical detail and feeling for the nature of space travel. In the early 1950s, few could imagine what it was like to be looking down at our planet from outer space. And that is Herge’s true gift: to understand what a place was like without ever having been there.
23. What can be learned about comic books from the passage
A. They mostly involve detective stories.
B. They were just popular in several countries.
C. They present information in small amounts.
D. The Adventures of Tintin is the world’s first comic book.
24. Which of the following is an attraction of The Adventures of Tintin for readers
A. The stories were created in Belgium, a European country.
B. The stories were the first comic novel published in book form.
C. The stories used to be cartoon series that appeared week by week.
D. The stories enable them to learn about places they have never been to.
25. Why are The Crab with the Golden Claws and King Ottakar’s Scepter taken for examples
A. To show Herge liked touching on serious topics.
B. To show Herge based stories on research results.
C. To illustrate Herge himself had a good sense of hurnor.
D. To illustrate Herge was expert at applying technical drawing skills.
26. Which of the following statements is true of Herge
A. He had been longing for a trip to the Moon.
B. He never had any chance to leave Belgium for travelling.
C. He could describe accurately those experiences he never had.
D. He devoted himself to education before creating comic books.
D
Napping (小睡) may be part of life for most of us. However, some countries where daytime naps have long been part of the culture, such as Spain, now discourage the habit. Meanwhile, some companies in the US now promote napping as a way to boost productivity. “It’s important to try to reveal the biological pathways that contribute to the reason why we nap,” says Dashti from Harvard Medical School.
Previously, co-senior author Richa Sexena at Massachusett s General Hospital (MGH) and his colleagues used many databases of genetic and lifestyle information to study other aspects of sleep. To gain a better understanding of the genetics of napping, they performed a genome (基因组)-wide association study (GWAS), which includes rapid scanning of complete sets of DNA of a large number of people.
For this study, the researchers used data from the UK Biobank, which includes genetic information from 452,633 people. All the participants were asked to classify their naps during the day as “never/ rarely”, “sometimes” or “usually”. The GWAS identified 123 regions in the human genome connected with daytime napping. Then the participants wore activity monitors called accelerometers, which can provide data about daytime napping. This data also showed that the self-reports about napping were accurate.
Several other features of this study support its results. For example, the researchers obtained similar findings in an analysis of the genomes of 541,333 people collected by 23andMe, a consumer genetic-testing company. Also, a significant number of the genes near or at regions identified by the GWAS are already known to play a role in sleep.
The team also identified at least three potential mechanisms (机制) that promote napping. Some people need more shut-eye than others. A daytime nap can help make up for poor-quality sleep the night before. People who rise early may “catch up” on sleep with a nap. “This tells us that daytime napping is biologically driven and not just an environmental or behavioral choice,” says Dashti. Some of these mechanisms are linked to health concerns, such as a large waistline and increased blood pressure, though more research on those associations is needed.
27. What did the researchers at MGH focus on in their new study
A. The causes of long napping time.
B. The benefits of napping frequently.
C. The reasons behind the napping habit.
D. The genes contributing to poor sleeping quality.
28. What can we know from the text
A. The subjects of the GWAS came from 123 regions.
B. Activity monitors were used to ensure reliability of the results.
C. Researchers are looking for more genes that can play a role in sleep.
D. American companies encourage nappíng to make people feel at ease.
29. According to Dashti, what will the researchers study next
A. The ways to help people improve their sleep quality.
B. The causes of and solutions to some health concerns.
C. The impact of environment on people’s napping choice.
D. The connection between some health problems and the mechanisms.
30. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Health issues caused by daytime napping.
B. Napping considered to be an essential habit.
C. Researchers working hard to promote napping.
D. Biological factors playing a role in daytime napping.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读补全。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。
If I could offer you a magic drug that would make you happier, more optimistic and more productive, and cost nothing and will require very little effort, would you be interested Of course you would!____31____Besides, gratitude requires little time and no money. But why can gratitude improve our productivity and results
____32____We learn the importance of saying “thank you” as little children. This childhood lesson is extremely of great use.____33____How do you feel about them Does their appreciation positively impact your relation with them Of course it does! So be grateful for people, their contributions and their actions and make sure you let them know how you feel.
Gratitude improves problem solving skills.____34____However, when we think about what we are grateful for, we open our minds up to new possibilities and connections. We also enter a problem solving situation with a perspective of opportunity rather than challenge or issue.
Gratitude helps us learn. Every dark cloud has a silver lining.____35____Being grateful for our situation, even if we don’t like everything about it, allows us to be thankful for opportunity to learn something new.
So the more aware and grateful we are of what we have and our capabilities, the more capable and elective we become in living.
A. Gratitude improves attitudes.
B. Gratitude improves relationships.
C. Behind every problem lies an opportunity.
D. Being more grateful often makes us more joyful and more optimistic.
E. Think about those people you know—who are most appreciative of you.
F. Too often we look at problem solving with a very bored or exhausted view.
G. Grateful people experience fewer aches and pains and report feeling healthier.
四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
During my stay at the University of Michigan, one of the senior professors asked me to join a seminar on culture and emotion. In a general____36____of self-introductions, I introduced myself in a(n)____37____Dutch way as one of those who are “interested in culture and emotion”. The professor supplemented (补充) my self-introduction to____38____American standards, saying I was one of the world’s experts on the____39____. In response, I looked down in____40____, and thought that “expert” was a big word.
When I lived in North Carolina, my new friends came over to ____41____. Conversations were full of interest and energy, and there was a lot of ____42____. At the end of the evening, when my guests left, they thanked me for the dinner. My heart____43____, because I was born and raised in the Netherlands, where “thanking for dinner” means the relationship is ____44____. Emotions are different enough to feel out of____45____when you move from one culture to another. The professor at the University of Michigan meant to make me feel____46____, but instead made me uncomfortable. My friends meant to show ____47____, but they made me think they were distancing themselves from me.
We think about emotions as feelings deep inside us, but in____48____, our emotions happen in interactions with others. In my own culture, it was hard to observe the____49____emotions of others, but I was able to see them when I moved to the US—a different____50____from where I was raised.
36. A. analysis B. state C. letter D. round
37. A. understated B. interesting C. dramatic D. proud
38. A. set B. fit C. evaluate D. recommend
39. A. approach B. situation C. topic D. course
40. A. curiosity B. pity C. disappointment D. embarrassment
41. A. play B. dine C. work D. perform
42 A. support B. noise C. fun D. arguing
43. A. sank B. melted C. raced D. opened
44. A. harmonious B. normal C. strong D. distant
45. A. date B. shape C. place D. sight
46. A. reliable B. good C. serious D. careful
47. A. gratitude B. respect C. admiration D. affection
48. A. total B. advance C. detail D. reality
49. A. unbelievable B. pure C. invisible D. powerful
50. A. level B. culture C. standard D. value
第二部分非选择题(共55分)
五、单词拼写(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
请用B5U1-B5U4所学的单词的适当形式填空。
66-70请根据括号内的英文解释和首字母填入单词的正确形式，填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。
51. I was listening carefully but I could not take in everything he said. He spoke too many local i______ (a group of words whose meaning is different from the meanings of the individual words).(根据首字母和英文解释填空)
52. The helicopter landed before our a ______ (very surprised) eyes. (根据首字母和英文解释填空)
53. Police s______ (to believe that something is probably true) there was a link between the two murders. (根据首字母和英文解释填空)
54. It never occurred to me that such an e______(graceful in appearance or style) lady should behave in such a rude manner. (根据首字母和英文解释填空)
55. Running your own business usually i______ (to include something as a part or a result) working long hours. (根据首字母和英文解释填空)
71-75 根据括号内的单词填入单词同根词的正确形式。
56. She admitted that the trip had failed to live up to her ______(expect).(所给词的适当形式填空)
57. Only when the ______(apply) meet all the requirements can they be enrolled. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58. The new insect-sized robot is the first robot of its kind to fly ______(stable) in all directions. (所给词的适当形式填空)
59. Many studies have linked berry ______(consume) to protecting certain areas of the body system, including the nervous system. (所给词的适当形式填空)
60. It is tough to climb Mount Everest. You can never imagine what difficulty you have ______(breathe) there. (所给词的适当形式填空)
76-80根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。
61. How the country will ______(保护) itself in the future has become increasingly important.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
62. Attitudes to mental illness have ______ (改变) in recent years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
63. He’s working on a screen ______ (改编) of his latest novel. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
64. The ______(最精彩部分) of my day is to cook a meal for my son when he comes home from school. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
65. He was a very ______(谦虚的) man, refusing to take any credit for the enterprise. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
六、短语填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
请用M5U1-M5U4所学的短语的适当形式填空。
66. As we all know, a botanic garden ______(是……的家园) many birds and other wildlife.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
67. You ______(一定会) pass the exam if you study hard. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
68. ______(就我而言), everyone should be given an equal opportunity. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
69. ______(多亏了) the scientists’ hard work, Tiangong II was launched successfully. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
70. Our club is open to everyone ______ (无论年龄), sex or educational background. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
71. According to Lu Yu’s Tea Classics, tea-drinking in China can ______(追溯到) the Zhou Dynasty. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
72. Up to now, China ______(参加) international relief efforts for many times. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
73. ______(接触) a foreign culture is beneficial for us to learn the local language. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
74. The boy’s failure in the competition yesterday ______(由……引起) his laziness. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
75 He ______(前往) a charity event when his mother passed away. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
七、语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空(正确形式可使用两个词或以上)。
Diaojiaolou is a masterpiece of Chinese traditional construction. It’s said that when the first ancient pioneers set out from northern and central China in the hope of___76___ (settle) in southern China, they came upon difficulties. In the forests of southern China, they met with beasts, poisonous snakes and insects. They managed to settle a colony and set fires to drive away beasts.___77___, they were still troubled by snakes and insects, until one leader,___78___ distinguished wise old man in the community at that time, came up with an idea of putting up a building hung on wooden stilts (支柱). The colony then agreed on the idea and such buildings ___79___ (construct) with joint efforts did help the early settlers stay safe from the dangers. These buildings___80___ (gain) popularity among several minorities since then.
Diaojiaolou typically has two to three floors. The upper floors are held up by stilts, ___81___ appearance makes the building look unsteady. But these stilts___82___ (strengthen) by some stone blocks at their base so as to make Diaojiaolou still.
The ground floor is___83___ (primary) made up of stilts without walls. This floor tends to be used___84___ a place for keeping farm animals or putting firewood and farming____85____ (equip). The upper floors are mainly living spaces.
八、书面表达(满分15分)
86. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom想要给他在英国的中国朋友准备一顿特别的新年晚餐，他发邮件向你寻求建议，请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐合适的中国美食以及原因；
2. 提议在菜品中融入英国元素。
注意：
1. 词数100以上；
2. 可增加连接成分，使结构清晰，行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023学年上学期高二期末五校联考试卷
英语
满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.开考前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、班级、考号等相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案;不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须与在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
第一部分选择题(共95分)
一、听力(共两节，满分15分)
第一节听力理解(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
请听下面4段材料，每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第一段材料，回答第1至第2题。
1.How does the man feel about his business
A.Bored. B.Worried. C.Satisfied.
2.What will the man do next
ADo market research. B.Plant some flowers. C.Go sailing with the woman.
听第二段材料，回答第3至4题。
3.Why did scientists invent the robot
A.To study seabirds. B.To protect seabirds. C.To accompany seabirds.
4.How did seabirds react to the robot
A.They refused it. B.They ignored it. C.They accepted it.
听第三段材料，回答第5至7题。
5.Why is the woman angry about the dormitory
A.It is rather dirty. B.It is extremely small. C.It offers a broken key.
6.What is the man’s attitude toward the woman’s complaint
A.Impatient. B.Angry. C.Understanding.
7.Where is the woman arranged to live for the time being
A.In another dormitory. B.In a nearby hotel. C.In her roommate’s house.
听第四段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.How did the man’s grandpa feel when first using the computer
A.Excited. B.Frightened. C.Disappointed.
9.What mainly made the man’s grandpa learn to use the computer
A.Playing games. B.Watching live matches. C.Doing online shopping.
10.What will the woman do next
A.Go back home. B.Go abroad. C.Visit her grandpa.
第二节获取信息(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面1段独白。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，每空不超过三个词。录音播放两遍。(请将本节答案写在答卷11-15的空格中)
Problems Causes Results
Problems from vehicles 11 Cars and bus exhausts Respiratory diseases
Noise Noise from vehicles causes 12 of sleep and high levels of stress. Health problems such as heart disease and high 13
Traffic jams and 14 Too many vehicles on the roads Stress and waste of time Injuries and even death
Health problems The government has to spend money on 15 , on roads and on policing the roads. The economy of the country is being affected negatively.
二、单项选择(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
1. The problem is ______ to take the place of Terry.
A. who we can get B. what we can get C. who can we get D. what can we get
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是我们能找到谁来代替特里。分析句子可知，“ to take the place of Terry”是表语从句，根据句意，表示“我们能找到谁来代替特里”，用连接代词who引导表语从句，从句中用陈述语序，即“主语+谓语”。故选A项。
2. ______ many times, but he still couldn’t remember the Chinese meaning of this word.
A. Having been taught B. Although he had been taught
C. He had been taught D. He has been teaching
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构和时态。句意：他已经教过很多次了，但他仍然记不住这个词的中文意思。分析句子结构可知，并列连词and连接前后两个分句，所以空格处为一个完整的句子；结合句意，“教过他很多次”发生在“他仍然记不住”之前，表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时态；A项是非谓语动词短语，B项是让步状语从句，D项是现在完成进行时态，皆不符合题意。故选C项。
3. I thought you might know him. ______, you’re the man with connections.
A. After all B. Above all C. All in all D. All together
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：我想你可能认识他。毕竟，你是有人脉的人。A. After all毕竟；B. Above all首先；尤其是；C. All in all总的说来；D. All together一起；总共。根据“I thought you might know him.”可知，用after all，表示某件事情在考虑了所有的情况之后的最终结论。故选A。
4. The Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 is believed ______more than 160,000 people and made millions homeless, ______it perhaps the most destroying tsunami in history.
A. to kill; making B. to have killed; making
C. to having kill; to make D. killing; made
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：2004年的印度洋海啸据信造成超过16万人死亡，数百万人无家可归，这可能是历史上最具破坏性的海啸。sth./sb. be believed to do...是固定句型，意为“据信……”，用不定式作主语补足语，结合句意，“造成超过16万人死亡”是已经发生的事情，发生在句中谓语“is believed”之前，故用不定式的完成式to have killed；“make it perhaps the most destroying tsunami in history”作结果状语，make是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语“to have killed more than 160,000 people and made millions homeless”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表示情理之中的结果。故选B项。
5. The days are gone ______ physical strength was all ______ matters for her athletic career.
A. because; what B. when; that C. because; that D. when; what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：体力对她的运动生涯至关重要的日子已经一去不复返了。“ matters for her athletic career”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词all，关系词将先行词代入定语从句中主语，用关系代词引导定语从句，又因先行词all是不定代词，只能用that引导该从句；“ physical strength was all that matters for her athletic career”是定语从句，修饰先行词days，关系词将先行词代入定语从句中时间状语，表示“在那些日子”，用关系副词when引导定语从句。故选B项。
6. It is ______Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
A. for this reason why B. for this reason that C. this reason so that D. of this reason why
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：正是由于这个原因，西班牙语成为秘鲁的主要官方语言。分析句子结构，这里是It is...that...强调句型，被强调部分是for this reason，意为“因为这个原因”，在句中作原因状语。故选B。
7. It is not the place, nor the condition, ______ is often the case, but the mind alone ______can make anyone happy or miserable.
A. it; that B. as; which C. as; that D. which; which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：通常情况下，让任何人快乐或痛苦的不是地点，也不是条件，而是心灵。分析句子结构，第一个空引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句，这里应用as引导，as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于句中，as is often the case意为“情况常常如此，通常就是这样”。去掉It is和第二空，句子的结构和意思均完整，所以这里是It is...that/who...强调句型，被强调的是主语“not the place, nor the condition, but the mind alone”，指物，所以应用that连接。故选C。
8. ______is the first one ______the course will be given a discount.
A. Those who; signing up for B. Anyone who; taking
C. Whoever; to sign up for D. No matter who; to take
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句和非谓语动词。句意：无论是谁第一个报名这门课程都会得到折扣。第一空考查主语从句或定语从句，连接词在从句中作主语，指人，所以用whoever；或者不定代词Those或Anyone指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导；第二空考查非谓语动词，名词或者代词前有序数词修饰，往往用不定式作后置定语。sign up for意为“登记，注册”。故选C。
9. We need to remember ______we are informed of on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.
A. that if B. if how C. if what D. that what
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句和主语从句。句意：我们需要记住，我们在社交媒体上所了解的信息往往不是一个人的全部真相。分析句子结构，remember之后是一个宾语从句，且从句中含有一个主语从句。主语从句中缺少of的宾语，所以应用what引导该主语从句。将主语从句补充完整后，句子的结构和意思均完整，所以宾语从句的引导词应用that，that只起连接作用，不充当成分且无词义。故选D。
10. ______of the painstaking efforts, the businessman owed his achievements to all the setbacks and obstacles that stood in the way.
A. Reminded B. Recalling C. Being reminded D. Recalled
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这位商人想起了自己的辛勤努力，他将自己的成就归功于所有的挫折和障碍。remind sb. of sth“让某人想起某事”，remind与句子主语the businessman构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词在句中作状语，Being reminded“正在被提醒”，是现在分词的被动式，表示“正在被”，不符合语意，recall“回忆起”通常不和of连用。故选A项。
11. You have nothing to ______by refusing to follow our advice.
A. gain B. qualify C. boom D. behave
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不听我们的建议你就什么也得不到。A. gain获得；B. qualify取得资格（或学历）；C. boom激增，繁荣；D. behave表现。根据空后的by refusing to follow our advice可知，如果拒绝听取我们的建议，你就什么也得不到，应用gain。故选A。
12. Before the hurricane approached the town, the residents _______ to stay at home or reduce outdoor activities.
A. were warning B. have warned
C. warned D. had been warned
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：在飓风逼近小镇之前，居民们被警告呆在家里或减少户外活动。根据关键词before，可以推断出前后的时态存在动作的先后顺序，从句的时态为一般过去时，则主句的时态为过去完成时，residents和warn之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故选D项。
13. ______in the regulations that nobody ______any important information concerning the enterprise.
A. What is required; gives in B. As is required; give out
C. It is required; give away D. It requires; gives up
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和动词短语辨析。句意：规定中要求任何人都不能泄露企业的重要信息。分析句式结构可知，此处是固定句型It is required that，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，且从句中应该用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用should+动词原形；各选项的短语give in“屈服”、give out“分发”、give away“泄露”、give up“放弃”；再根据下文的information可知，此处用短语give away表示“泄露”信息。故选C项。
14. Our English teacher always creates an active atmosphere in her class ______we are willing to express ourselves.
A. where B. that C. which D. who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们的英语老师在课堂上创造了一个友好和轻松的氛围，在这种气氛中，我们可以自由地表达自己。设空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是a friendly and relaxing atmosphere，指物，关系词在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选A。
15. ______ his task, he went home and found his house ______, so he had to call the nearby police station immediately.
A. Having finished; broken out B. Finishing; broken into
C. Having finished; broken into D. Finished; breaking out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词短语辨析。句意：完成任务后，他回家后发现自己的房子被人闯入，于是他不得不立即打电话给附近的警察局。分析句子结构，第一个逗号前后没有连接词连接，且前部分没有主语，所以第一个空应用非谓语动词；finish和逻辑主语he之间是主谓关系，且根据句意，“完成工作”发生在“回家之前”，所以应用现在分词的完成式。第二个空考查的是“find+宾语+宾补”结构。break out意为“突然开始，爆发”；break into意为“强行闯入”。根据句意，这里表示他发现自家的房子被人闯入，应用break into。逻辑主语his house和break into之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作宾补。故选C。
三、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Apply for the 2024—2025 School Year
We are thrilled you are considering Marist School for your child’s next chapter. Marist has two primary entry points for students in 7th and 9th grades to which we typically accept 150 and 50 students respectively.
Marist School utilizes Ravenna, an application management system, for all aspects of the admissions process. Through Ravenna, parents can access the Marist application, submit supporting materials, track application status, and view admission decisions. Our application for the 2024—2025 school year will be available late September with a January 22,2024 deadline.
Importantly, Marist continues to require the SSAT as part of the application process. On Saturday, January 6,2024, Marist will serve as a community test site for the SSAT. This is the last national testing day prior to our application deadline when a first set of SSAT scores is due.
Important Dates
September 2023 —April 2024 Marist School admissions events
Late September 2023 Marist 2024——2025 application available in Ravenna
October 2023 —January 2024 Required SSAT testing
December 3, 2023 Open House
January 22,2024 Deadline to apply to Marist; preliminary application and fee, parent and student questionnaires, and a first set of SSAT scores are due
February 1,2024 Deadline for Marist to receive any outstanding supplemental materials; transcripts, teacher and administrator evaluations, and parish/church verification form are due
February 12, 2024 Deadline to submit separate tuition assistance application
March 30, 2024 AAAIS common notification date
April 11, 2024 Deadline to respond to offer of admission
16. Who is this article mainly intended for
A. Students in 7th or 9th grades.
B. Students in 6th or 8th grades.
C. Parents of children in 6th or 8th grades.
D. Parents of children in 7th or 9th grades.
17. What do we know about Ravenna
A. It deals with entry applications.
B. It promotes school management.
C. It is accessible the whole school year.
D. It monitors the admissions process.
18. Which can be a possible date for candidates to submit teacher evaluations
A. August 30,2023. B. January 26,2024.
C. February 3,2024. D. March 30,2024.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章是一篇关于Marist School2024—2025学年的申请通知。通知中提供了关于申请流程、截止日期和重要日期的详细信息。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“We are thrilled you are considering Marist School for your child’s next chapter. Marist has two primary entry points for students in 7th and 9th grades to which we typically accept 150 and 50 students respectively. (我们很高兴你考虑在Marist学校为你孩子的下一个篇章。Marist为七年级和九年级的学生提供两个主要入学点，我们通常分别接收150名和50名学生。)”中的“for your child”可推测，这篇文章主要是写给七年级或九年级孩子的父母看的。故选D。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Marist School utilizes Ravenna, an application management system, for all aspects of the admissions process. Through Ravenna, parents can access the Marist application, submit supporting materials, track application status, and view admission decisions.( Marist学校在招生过程的各个方面都使用了申请管理系统Ravenna。通过Ravenna，家长可以访问Marist申请，提交证明材料，跟踪申请状态，并查看录取决定。)”可知，Ravenna是一种管理系统，处理入学申请的相关事宜。故选A。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章表格“February 1,2024”部分中的“Deadline for Marist to receive any outstanding supplemental materials; transcripts, teacher and administrator evaluations, and parish/church verification form are due(Marist收到任何未完成的补充材料的截止日期；成绩单，教师和行政人员的评估，以及教区/教堂的验证表)”可知，候选人接受教师评估的截止日期是2024年2月1日，由此选项B“January 26,2024.”是提交材料的可能日期。故选B。
B
Two “stolen” notebooks, Notebooks B and C, written by Charles Darwin have been mysteriously returned to Cambridge University on March 9th, 22 years after they were last seen, but who returned them is a real whodunit. They were left anonymously(匿名地) in a bright pink gift bag containing the original blue box the notebooks were kept in and a plain brown envelope, on which was printed a short message: “Librarian, Happy Easter X.”
With an action plan to use advanced information technology to preserve important culture heritage, the notebooks were originally removed from the Special Collections Strong Rooms — where the rarest and most valuable items are kept — for photography to take place at the library in September 2000, with the photography request completed in November 2000. During a following routine check in January 2001, it was found that the small box containing the two notebooks had not been returned to its proper place.
For many years, previous university librarians believed that the notebooks had been misplaced in the vast storerooms and collections of Cambridge University Library. Despite a number of searches over the years, they remained undiscovered. At the start of 2020, a new search — the largest in the library’s history – was arranged by the librarian Dr Gardner involving specialist staff assigned to search specific zones of the library’s storage facilities. However, this failed to locate the notebooks, leading to the conclusion, with the help of national experts in cultural heritage theft and recovery, that they had likely been stolen.
In July 1837, Charles Darwin wrote at the top of the page of one of his notebooks, “I think”. Then he drew a sketch(草图)of a tree, attempting to pose to himself the question about what is the origin of species. More than 20 years later, Darwin published On the Origin of Species. Notebooks B and C provide an extraordinary insight into Darwin’s search for the solution to what public in those days had called “that mystery of mysteries”, the origin of new species.
19. What can we learn from the passage
A. Notebooks B and C used to be kept in a plain brown envelope.
B. It took over 3 months to complete the photography in the library.
C. At first the librarians believed the notebooks hadn’t been stolen.
D. Charles Darwin searched the origin of trees in his notebooks.
20. Why were Notebooks B and C taken away from their original place
A. They were no longer regarded as the rarest and most valuable items.
B. They had to make room for the photography of special collections.
C. They would be presented for a photography exhibition in the library.
D. They needed to be recorded by taking photos for better preservation.
21. When did the library confirm the theft of the notebooks
A. After completing the photography.
B. After routine check in January 2001.
C. After the largest search in history.
D. After discovering the returned notebooks.
22. Which is this passage most likely taken from
A. A textbook. B. A newspaper.
C. A science report. D. An introduction to a book.
【答案】19. C 20. D 21. C 22. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了达尔文所写的两本“被盗”笔记本神秘地归还了剑桥大学，这距离它们最后一次被人看到已经过去了22年，但究竟是谁归还了它们却是一个真正的谜题。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“For many years, previous university librarians believed that the notebooks had been misplaced in the vast storerooms and collections of Cambridge University Library(多年来，以前的大学图书管理员都认为这些笔记本在剑桥大学图书馆巨大的储藏室和藏品中被放错了地方)”可知，起初图书管理员认为笔记本只是放错了地方并没有被偷。故选C。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“With an action plan to use advanced information technology to preserve important culture heritage, the notebooks were originally removed from the Special Collections Strong Rooms — where the rarest and most valuable items are kept — for photography to take place at the library in September 2000, with the photography request completed in November 2000(根据一项使用先进信息技术保护重要文化遗产的行动计划，这些笔记本最初于2000年9月从收藏最稀有和最有价值物品的特别收藏室移走，以便在2000年11月在图书馆进行摄影，摄影要求已于2000年11月完成)”可知，这两个笔记本被拿走的原因是需要通过拍照的方式，对这两个笔记本进行保护。故选D。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“At the start of 2020, a new search — the largest in the library’s history – was arranged by the librarian Dr Gardner involving specialist staff assigned to search specific zones of the library’s storage facilities. However, this failed to locate the notebooks, leading to the conclusion, with the help of national experts in cultural heritage theft and recovery, that they had likely been stolen(2020年初，图书馆馆长加德纳博士安排了一次新的搜索，这是图书馆历史上规模最大的一次搜索，专家人员被分配到图书馆存储设施的特定区域进行搜索。然而，在国家文化遗产盗窃和恢复专家的帮助下，他们未能找到这些笔记本，从而得出结论，它们很可能已经被盗)”可知，在经历图书馆最大规模的一次搜索之后，这两本笔记本确认被盗。故选C。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Two “stolen” notebooks, Notebooks B and C, written by Charles Darwin have been mysteriously returned to Cambridge University on March 9th, 22 years after they were last seen, but who returned them is a real whodunit(3月9日，查尔斯·达尔文(Charles Darwin)所写的两本“被盗”笔记本——笔记本B和笔记本C——神秘地归还了剑桥大学，这距离它们最后一次被人看到已经过去了22年，但究竟是谁归还了它们却是一个真正的谜题)”可知，本文主要介绍了被盗的笔记本被不知名人士归还一事。所以本文为新闻报道，即选自于报纸。故选B。
C
Cartoons suit the way we like information to be presented these days: vividly and in small amounts. We are used to cartoons and comic series that take a biting look at modern life or provide a bit of escapism. But recently we have seen an increase in the number of comic books: booklength comics with a single, continuous narrative. Historically, comic books were not popular outside France, Belgium, Japan, and the US. The exception is the worldwide popularity of a young reporter-detective from Belgium, Tintin.
The creation of the Belgian cartoonist Herge, The Adventures of Tintin first appeared in a Belgian newspaper in 1929. Each story appeared as a cartoon series week by week, but soon after was republished in book form. One of the main attractions for readers was that they were taken to parts of the world they had never seen and probably never would: Russia, Congo, America. Herge himself only traveled outside Belgium later in life, but his passion was educating his readers about other cultures and places.
Two things set Herge apart as a comic novelist. The first was his technical drawing skills: with just a few simple lines he could communicate a particular facial expression or movement. The second was the careful research he put into his stories. In The Crab with the Golden Claws, Tintin follows an opium-smuggling (鸦片走私) ring to North Africa; in King Ottakar’s Scepter, he makes an attempt at a military coup (政变) in a central European country. While telling these stories, Herge also made a fine balance between serious topics and humor.
Tintin had more than his fair share of adventures, but perhaps the greatest is his journey to the Moon, told in Destination Moon and Explorers on the Moon. Written in 1953, sixteen years before the first Moon landing, the stories show a remarkable eye for technical detail and feeling for the nature of space travel. In the early 1950s, few could imagine what it was like to be looking down at our planet from outer space. And that is Herge’s true gift: to understand what a place was like without ever having been there.
23. What can be learned about comic books from the passage
A. They mostly involve detective stories.
B. They were just popular in several countries.
C. They present information in small amounts.
D. The Adventures of Tintin is the world’s first comic book.
24. Which of the following is an attraction of The Adventures of Tintin for readers
A. The stories were created in Belgium, a European country.
B. The stories were the first comic novel published in book form.
C. The stories used to be cartoon series that appeared week by week.
D. The stories enable them to learn about places they have never been to.
25. Why are The Crab with the Golden Claws and King Ottakar’s Scepter taken for examples
A. To show Herge liked touching on serious topics.
B. To show Herge based stories on research results.
C. To illustrate Herge himself had a good sense of hurnor.
D. To illustrate Herge was expert at applying technical drawing skills.
26. Which of the following statements is true of Herge
A. He had been longing for a trip to the Moon.
B. He never had any chance to leave Belgium for travelling.
C. He could describe accurately those experiences he never had.
D. He devoted himself to education before creating comic books.
【答案】23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了比利时漫画家Herge创作的漫画作品《丁丁历险记》以及其受欢迎的原因。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Cartoons suit the way we like information to be presented these days: vividly and in small amounts.(漫画适合我们现在喜欢的信息呈现方式：生动而少量。)”可知，漫画书以少量的形式提供信息。故选C。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“One of the main attractions for readers was that they were taken to parts of the world they had never seen and probably never would: Russia, Congo, America. (这本书吸引读者的一个主要原因是，读者被带到了他们从未见过、可能永远也不会见过的地方：俄罗斯、刚果、美国。)”可知，《丁丁历险记》吸引读者的一个原因就是，这些故事让读者了解自己从未去过的地方。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The second was the careful research he put into his stories. In The Crab with the Golden Claws, Tintin follows an opium-smuggling(鸦片走私) ring to North Africa; in King Ottakar’s Scepter, he makes an attempt at a military coup(政变) in a central European country.(第二是他对自己的故事进行了细致的研究。在《金爪蟹》中，丁丁跟随一个走私鸦片的团伙来到北非；在《奥塔卡尔国王的权杖》中，他试图在一个中欧国家发动军事政变。)”可知，作者以《金爪蟹》和《奥塔卡尔国王的权杖》为例是为了说明他的故事是基于自己研究的结果。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“And that is Herge’s true gift: to understand what a place was like without ever having been there.(这就是Herge真正的天赋：即使没有去过一个地方，也能理解那里是什么样子。)”可知，Herge即使没有去过一个地方，也能理解那里是什么样子。故选C。
D
Napping (小睡) may be part of life for most of us. However, some countries where daytime naps have long been part of the culture, such as Spain, now discourage the habit. Meanwhile, some companies in the US now promote napping as a way to boost productivity. “It’s important to try to reveal the biological pathways that contribute to the reason why we nap,” says Dashti from Harvard Medical School.
Previously, co-senior author Richa Sexena at Massachusett s General Hospital (MGH) and his colleagues used many databases of genetic and lifestyle information to study other aspects of sleep. To gain a better understanding of the genetics of napping, they performed a genome (基因组)-wide association study (GWAS), which includes rapid scanning of complete sets of DNA of a large number of people.
For this study, the researchers used data from the UK Biobank, which includes genetic information from 452,633 people. All the participants were asked to classify their naps during the day as “never/ rarely”, “sometimes” or “usually”. The GWAS identified 123 regions in the human genome connected with daytime napping. Then the participants wore activity monitors called accelerometers, which can provide data about daytime napping. This data also showed that the self-reports about napping were accurate.
Several other features of this study support its results. For example, the researchers obtained similar findings in an analysis of the genomes of 541,333 people collected by 23andMe, a consumer genetic-testing company. Also, a significant number of the genes near or at regions identified by the GWAS are already known to play a role in sleep.
The team also identified at least three potential mechanisms (机制) that promote napping. Some people need more shut-eye than others. A daytime nap can help make up for poor-quality sleep the night before. People who rise early may “catch up” on sleep with a nap. “This tells us that daytime napping is biologically driven and not just an environmental or behavioral choice,” says Dashti. Some of these mechanisms are linked to health concerns, such as a large waistline and increased blood pressure, though more research on those associations is needed.
27. What did the researchers at MGH focus on in their new study
A. The causes of long napping time.
B. The benefits of napping frequently.
C. The reasons behind the napping habit.
D. The genes contributing to poor sleeping quality.
28. What can we know from the text
A. The subjects of the GWAS came from 123 regions.
B. Activity monitors were used to ensure reliability of the results.
C. Researchers are looking for more genes that can play a role in sleep.
D. American companies encourage nappíng to make people feel at ease.
29. According to Dashti, what will the researchers study next
A. The ways to help people improve their sleep quality.
B. The causes of and solutions to some health concerns.
C. The impact of environment on people’s napping choice.
D. The connection between some health problems and the mechanisms.
30. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Health issues caused by daytime napping.
B. Napping considered to be an essential habit.
C. Researchers working hard to promote napping.
D. Biological factors playing a role in daytime napping.
【答案】27. C 28. B 29. D 30. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于小睡的相关研究。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“To gain a better understanding of the genetics of napping, they performed a genome(基因组)-wide association study(GWAS), which includes rapid scanning of complete sets of DNA of a large number of people.(为了更好地了解午睡的遗传学，他们进行了一项全基因组关联研究(GWAS)，其中包括对大量人的全套DNA进行快速扫描。)”以及最后一段“The team also identified at least three potential mechanisms(机制) that promote napping.(该团队还确定了至少三种促进午睡的潜在机制。)”可知，MGH的研究人员在他们的新研究中关注的是午睡习惯背后的原因。故选C。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The GWAS identified 123 regions in the human genome connected with daytime napping. Then the participants wore activity monitors called accelerometers, which can provide data about daytime napping. This data also showed that the self-reports about napping were accurate.(GWAS在人类基因组中发现了123个与白天午睡有关的区域。然后参与者佩戴一种名为加速度计的活动监测器，它可以提供白天午睡的数据。这些数据还表明，关于午睡的自我报告是准确的。)”可知，GWAS让参与者佩戴活动监测器，这个活动监测器可以提供白天午睡的数据，从而确保午睡的自我报告是准确的。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Some of these mechanisms are linked to health concerns, such as a large waistline and increased blood pressure, though more research on those associations is needed.(其中一些机制与健康问题有关，比如腰围过大和血压升高，尽管还需要对这些关联进行更多研究。)”可推测，研究人员下一步将研究一些健康问题和机制之间的联系。故选D。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“It’s important to try to reveal the biological pathways that contribute to the reason why we nap,” says Dashti from Harvard Medical School.(哈佛医学院的Dashti说：“试图揭示导致我们午睡的生物学途径是很重要的。”)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了小睡的原因，即生物因素在小睡中的作用，因此最好的标题应该是选项D“Biological factors playing a role in daytime napping”。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读补全。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。
If I could offer you a magic drug that would make you happier, more optimistic and more productive, and cost nothing and will require very little effort, would you be interested Of course you would!____31____Besides, gratitude requires little time and no money. But why can gratitude improve our productivity and results
____32____We learn the importance of saying “thank you” as little children. This childhood lesson is extremely of great use.____33____How do you feel about them Does their appreciation positively impact your relation with them Of course it does! So be grateful for people, their contributions and their actions and make sure you let them know how you feel.
Gratitude improves problem solving skills.____34____However, when we think about what we are grateful for, we open our minds up to new possibilities and connections. We also enter a problem solving situation with a perspective of opportunity rather than challenge or issue.
Gratitude helps us learn. Every dark cloud has a silver lining.____35____Being grateful for our situation, even if we don’t like everything about it, allows us to be thankful for opportunity to learn something new.
So the more aware and grateful we are of what we have and our capabilities, the more capable and elective we become in living.
A. Gratitude improves attitudes.
B. Gratitude improves relationships.
C. Behind every problem lies an opportunity.
D. Being more grateful often makes us more joyful and more optimistic.
E. Think about those people you know—who are most appreciative of you.
F. Too often we look at problem solving with a very bored or exhausted view.
G. Grateful people experience fewer aches and pains and report feeling healthier.
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. E 34. F 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了感恩能够改善我们的效率和做事结果的原因。
【31题详解】
根据前文“If I could offer you a magic drug that would make you happier, more optimistic and more productive, and cost nothing and will require very little effort, would you be interested Of course you would!(如果我能给你一种神奇的药物，让你更快乐、更乐观、更有效率，而且不需要花费任何费用，也不需要付出任何努力，你会感兴趣吗？你当然会的！)”和后文“Besides, gratitude requires little time and no money.(此外，感恩只需要很少的时间和金钱)”可知，空处应讲述感恩有助于让人更快乐、更乐观，D项“更多的感恩往往会让我们更加快乐和乐观。”符合题意，选项中的“more joyful and more optimistic”对应前面的“happier, more optimistic”，“grateful”对应后面的“gratitude”。故选D。
【32题详解】
空处为本段的主旨句，根据后文“Does their appreciation positively impact your relation with them Of course it does!(他们的感激对你和他们的关系有积极的影响吗？当然有！)”可知，本段讲述了感恩对关系的有益影响，所以B项“感恩可以改善人际关系”符合题意。故选B。
【33题详解】
前文“We learn the importance of saying ‘thank you’ as little children. This childhood lesson is extremely of great use.(我们从小就知道说‘谢谢’的重要性。这个童年的教训非常有用)”讲述了我们从小接受的感恩教育是有用的，后文“How do you feel about them Does their appreciation positively impact your relation with them (你觉得他们怎么样？他们的感激对你和他们的关系有积极的影响吗？)”提到了那些感激你的人和你之间的关系，them为空处提到的内容，指代的是那些感激你的人，所以E项“想想你认识的那些最感激你的人”符合题意。故选E。
【34题详解】
本段首句“Gratitude improves problem solving skills.(感恩可以提高解决问题的能力)”表明本段描述感恩可以提高解决问题的能力，后文“However, when we think about what we are grateful for, we open our minds up to new possibilities and connections.(然而，当我们想到我们感激的东西时，我们就打开了新的可能性和联系)”与空处是转折关系，表明感恩有助于创造新的可能性和联系，所以空处应讲述解决问题时常遇到的问题，F项“我们常常以一种非常无聊或疲惫的视角来看待解决问题。”符合题意。故选F。
【35题详解】
本段首句“Gratitude helps us learn.(感恩帮助我们学习)”表明本段描述感恩帮助学习，前文“Every dark cloud has a silver lining. (黑暗中总有一线光明)”提到黑暗中总有一线光明，与C项“每个问题的背后都蕴藏着机会。”构成类比，说明我们可以通过解决问题进行学习，引出后文“Being grateful for our situation, even if we don’t like everything about it, allows us to be thankful for opportunity to learn something new.(对我们的处境心存感激，即使我们并不喜欢它的一切，也会让我们对学习新东西的机会心存感激)”。故选C。
四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
During my stay at the University of Michigan, one of the senior professors asked me to join a seminar on culture and emotion. In a general____36____of self-introductions, I introduced myself in a(n)____37____Dutch way as one of those who are “interested in culture and emotion”. The professor supplemented (补充) my self-introduction to____38____American standards, saying I was one of the world’s experts on the____39____. In response, I looked down in____40____, and thought that “expert” was a big word.
When I lived in North Carolina, my new friends came over to ____41____. Conversations were full of interest and energy, and there was a lot of ____42____. At the end of the evening, when my guests left, they thanked me for the dinner. My heart____43____, because I was born and raised in the Netherlands, where “thanking for dinner” means the relationship is ____44____. Emotions are different enough to feel out of____45____when you move from one culture to another. The professor at the University of Michigan meant to make me feel____46____, but instead made me uncomfortable. My friends meant to show ____47____, but they made me think they were distancing themselves from me.
We think about emotions as feelings deep inside us, but in____48____, our emotions happen in interactions with others. In my own culture, it was hard to observe the____49____emotions of others, but I was able to see them when I moved to the US—a different____50____from where I was raised.
36 A. analysis B. state C. letter D. round
37. A. understated B. interesting C. dramatic D. proud
38. A. set B. fit C. evaluate D. recommend
39. A. approach B. situation C. topic D. course
40. A. curiosity B. pity C. disappointment D. embarrassment
41. A. play B. dine C. work D. perform
42. A. support B. noise C. fun D. arguing
43. A. sank B. melted C. raced D. opened
44. A. harmonious B. normal C. strong D. distant
45. A. date B. shape C. place D. sight
46. A. reliable B. good C. serious D. careful
47. A. gratitude B. respect C. admiration D. affection
48. A. total B. advance C. detail D. reality
49. A. unbelievable B. pure C. invisible D. powerful
50. A. level B. culture C. standard D. value
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D 41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲作者从荷兰到美国生活后感受到的感情差异。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一场大概的自我介绍中，我以一种低调的方式介绍自己是“对文化和情感感兴趣”的人之一。A. analysis分析；B. state状态；C. letter字母；D. round场。由下文“I introduced myself ”可知，作者这里做了一“场”自我介绍。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一场大概的自我介绍中，我以一种低调的方式介绍自己是“对文化和情感感兴趣”的人之一。A. understated轻描淡写的，低调的；B. interesting有趣的；C. dramatic戏剧性的；D. proud自豪的。由下文“ ‘expert’ was a big word”可知，作者在这里“低调地”介绍自己。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位教授补充了我的自我介绍，以符合美国的标准，说我是这个话题的世界专家之一。A. set设置；B. fit适合；C. evaluate评估；D. recommend推荐。由下文“American standards”以及语境可知，这位教授重新介绍了作者，以“适合”美国的方式介绍。故选B项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位教授补充了我的自我介绍，以符合美国的标准，说我是这个话题的世界专家之一。A. approach方法；B. situation情况；C. topic主题，话题；D. course课程。由上文“interested in culture and emotion”可知，这位教授认为作者在culture and emotion“话题”上是专家。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，我尴尬地低下了头，认为“专家”是个大词。A. curiosity好奇；B. pity可怜；C. disappointment失望；D. embarrassment尴尬。由下文“thought that ‘expert’ was a big word”可知，作者认为自己被抬高了，所以感觉“尴尬”。故选D项。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我住在北卡罗来纳州时，我的新朋友来吃饭。 A. play玩；B. dine就餐；C. work工作；D. perform表演。由下文“they thanked me for the dinner”可知，朋友来作者家“就餐”。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对话充满了兴趣和活力，也充满了乐趣。A. support支助；B. noise噪声；C. fun乐趣；D. arguing争论。由上文“full of interest and energy”可知，这其中也充满了“乐趣”。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我内心一沉，因为我在荷兰出生和长大，在那里“感谢晚餐”意味着这段关系是疏远的。A. sank下沉；B. melted熔化；C. raced跑；D. opened打开。由下文“where ‘thanking for dinner’ means the relationship is 9 .”可知，作者认为朋友这是疏远的举动，所以心里“一沉”，感到难受。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我内心一沉，因为我在荷兰出生和长大，在那里“感谢晚餐”意味着这段关系是疏远的。A. harmonious和谐的；B. normal正常的；C. strong强的；D. distant遥远的，疏远的。由下文“they were distancing themselves from me”可知，作者这里认为他们的关系是“疏远的”。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你从一种文化迁移到另一种文化时，情感的差异足以让你感到格格不入。A. date日期；B. shape形状；C. place地点；D. sight景象。由下文“move from one culture to another”以及语境可知，作者感觉从荷兰到美国后，情感显得格格不入，out of palce意为“格格不入”符合语境。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：歇根大学的教授本想让我感觉良好，但却让我感到不舒服。A. reliable可靠的；B. good好的；C. serious严重的；D. careful仔细的。由下文“instead made me uncomfortable”可知，原本教授的本意是让作者感觉“良好”。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们本想表示由衷的感激，但他们让我觉得他们在疏远我。A. gratitude感激；B. respect尊重；C. admiration钦佩；D. affection感情。由上文“they thanked me for the dinner.”可知，原本朋友是为了“感谢”。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们认为情感是我们内心深处的感受，但在现实生活中，我们的情感发生在与他人的互动中。 A. total总计；B. advance进展；C. detail细节；D. reality现实。由下文“our emotions happen in interactions with others.”以及语境可知，作者这里通过现实的例子说明，在“现实”生活中，情感是互动而产生的。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我自己的文化中，很难观察到别人看不见的情感，但当我搬到美国时，我能够看到它们——这与我成长的地方不同。A. unbelievable难以置信的；B. pure纯的；C. invisible看不见的；D. powerful强大的。由下文“but I was able to see”中but和语境可知，这些情感实际上是“难以看见的”。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我自己文化中，很难观察到别人看不见的情感，但当我搬到美国时，我能够看到它们——这与我成长的地方不同。A. level水平；B. culture文化；C. standard标准；D. value价值。由上文“In my own culture”可知，作者这里指在美国，这种“文化”是不同的。故选B项。
第二部分非选择题(共55分)
五、单词拼写(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
请用B5U1-B5U4所学的单词的适当形式填空。
66-70请根据括号内的英文解释和首字母填入单词的正确形式，填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。
51. I was listening carefully but I could not take in everything he said. He spoke too many local i______ (a group of words whose meaning is different from the meanings of the individual words).(根据首字母和英文解释填空)
【答案】idioms##dioms
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我很仔细地听着，但我不能完全理解他所说的一切。他说太多的当地的习语。形容词 individual后接名词形式。根据首字母提示及句意及英文解释可知，用名词idiom，表示“习语”之意。根据too many可知，用名词的复数形式。故填idioms。
52. The helicopter landed before our a ______ (very surprised) eyes. (根据首字母和英文解释填空)
【答案】astonished##stonished
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：直升机降落在我们惊讶的眼前。根据首字母及英文解释可知，空处应填形容词astonished“感到惊讶的”在句中作定语，修饰eyes。故填astonished。
53. Police s______ (to believe that something is probably true) there was a link between the two murders. (根据首字母和英文解释填空)
【答案】suspected##uspected
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：警方怀疑这两起谋杀案之间有联系。空格处单词是主句中谓语，结合首字母提示和英文解释可知，表示“怀疑”，用动词suspect，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态。故填suspected。
54. It never occurred to me that such an e______(graceful in appearance or style) lady should behave in such a rude manner. (根据首字母和英文解释填空)
【答案】elegant##legant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我从来没有想到，如此优雅的女士竟然举止如此粗鲁。根据首字母提示和英文解释graceful in appearance or style可知，这里表示优雅的，应用elegant，意为“优雅的”，在句中作定语。故填elegant。
55. Running your own business usually i______ (to include something as a part or a result) working long hours. (根据首字母和英文解释填空)
【答案】involves##nvolves
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：经营自己的生意通常需要长时间工作。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词。根据首字母提示及英文解释可知，用动词involve ，意为“需要，涉及”。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故填involves。
71-75 根据括号内的单词填入单词同根词的正确形式。
56. She admitted that the trip had failed to live up to her ______(expect).(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】expectations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她承认这次旅行没有达到她的期望。空处应用名词作宾语。expectation意为“期望”，为可数名词。live up to one’s expectations为固定搭配，意为“不辜负某人的期望，达到某人的期望”。故填expectations。
57. Only when the ______(apply) meet all the requirements can they be enrolled. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】applicants
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：只有当申请人符合所有要求时，他们才能被录取。空处应用名词作when从句中的主语。根据主句中的they be enrolled可知，这里指的是申请人。applicant意为“申请人”，为可数名词，结合主句中的they可知，这里应用复数。故填applicants。
58. The new insect-sized robot is the first robot of its kind to fly ______(stable) in all directions. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】stably
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：这种昆虫大小的新型机器人是同类机器人中第一个能够向各个方向稳定飞行的机器人。提示词修饰动词fly，用副词stably作状语，意为“平稳地”。故填stably。
59. Many studies have linked berry ______(consume) to protecting certain areas of the body system, including the nervous system. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】consumption
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：许多研究将食用浆果与保护身体系统的某些部位联系起来，包括神经系统。句中用名词作宾语。consume的名词形式为consumption，为不可数名词。故填consumption。
60. It is tough to climb Mount Everest. You can never imagine what difficulty you have ______(breathe) there. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】breathing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：攀登珠穆朗玛峰很困难。你永远无法想象在那里呼吸有多么困难。“what difficulty you have (breathe) there”是宾语从句，从句中使用了固定短语have difficulty (in) doing sth.，意为“做某事有困难”。故填breathing。
76-80根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。
61. How the country will ______(保护) itself in the future has become increasingly important.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】defend
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这个国家未来将如何自卫变得越来越重要。根据空前的will可知，空处应用动词原形。根据汉语提示和空后的itself可知，此处应用及物动词defend。故填defend。
62. Attitudes to mental illness have ______ (改变) in recent years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】changed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：近年来，人们对精神疾病的态度发生了变化。“改变”是句中谓语，用动词change，结合句意和助动词have可知，用过去分词形式changed构成现在完成时态，表示从过去持续到现在的动作。故填changed。
63. He’s working on a screen ______ (改编) of his latest novel. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】adaptation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他正在把自己最新小说改编成电影。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。“改编”英文为adaptation。根据汉语提示及句意，故填adaptation。
64. The ______(最精彩部分) of my day is to cook a meal for my son when he comes home from school. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】highlight
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我一天中最重要的事情就是当我儿子放学回家时给他做一顿饭。空处为句子主语。“最精彩部分”英文为highlight，为不可数名词。故填highlight。
65. He was a very ______(谦虚的) man, refusing to take any credit for the enterprise. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】modest
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是一个非常谦虚的人，拒绝把这项事业归功于自己。“谦虚的”修饰名词man，用形容modest作定语。故填modest。
六、短语填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
请用M5U1-M5U4所学的短语的适当形式填空。
66. As we all know, a botanic garden ______(是……的家园) many birds and other wildlife.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】is home to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：我们都知道，植物园是许多鸟类和其他野生动物的家园。根据上文的As we all know可知，本句的时态为一般现在时。再根据汉语提示可知，表示“是……的家园”可用固定短语be home to，其中to为介词，又因为主语a botanic garden是第三人称，所以be动词用is。故填is home to。
67. You ______(一定会) pass the exam if you study hard. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】will certainly
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和副词。句意：如果你努力学习，你就一定会能通过考试。结合句意和if条件状语从句可知，描述将来的事情，且遵循“主将从现”的原则，主句中用助动词will构成一般将来时态；表示“一定”用副词certainly作状语。故填will certainly。
68. ______(就我而言), everyone should be given an equal opportunity. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】As far as I’m concerned
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：就我而言，每个人都应该有平等的机会。“就我而言”用固定短语as far as I’m concerned表示，作状语。故填As far as I’m concerned。
69. ______(多亏了) the scientists’ hard work, Tiangong II was launched successfully. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】Thanks to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：多亏了科学家们的努力，天宫二号成功发射。根据汉语提示可知，thanks to“多亏了”，固定短语，句首单词的首字母应大写，故填Thanks to。
70. Our club is open to everyone ______ (无论年龄), sex or educational background. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】regardless of age
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和名词。句意：无论年龄、性别或教育背景，我们俱乐部向所有人开放。“无论”可用固定短语regardless of，表示不考虑或不顾及某事物，不受其影响，“年龄”应用名词age。故填regardless of age。
71. According to Lu Yu’s Tea Classics, tea-drinking in China can ______(追溯到) the Zhou Dynasty. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】be traced back to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配和语态。句意：根据陆羽的《茶经》，中国的茶饮可以追溯到周朝。trace sth. back to...意为“追溯到……”，为固定搭配。主语tea-drinking和trace之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态。空前有情态动词can，所以这里应用动词原形。故填be traced back to。
72. Up to now, China ______(参加) international relief efforts for many times. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】has participated in
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态语态。句意：迄今为止，中国已多次参与国际救援工作。“参加”作谓语，用动词短语participate in表示，与主语China之间是主动关系，结合时间状语Up to now(迄今为止)可知，描述从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时态，主语是专有名词，谓语用单数形式。故填has participated in。
73. ______(接触) a foreign culture is beneficial for us to learn the local language. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】Being exposed to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：接触外国文化对我们学习当地语言是有益的。根据汉语提示及句意可知，此处使用动词短语be exposed to，作主语，应用动名词。故填Being exposed to。
74. The boy’s failure in the competition yesterday ______(由……引起) his laziness. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】resulted from
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：那个男孩在昨天比赛中的失败是由于他的懒惰。“由……引起”是句中谓语，为动词短语result from，结合时间状语yesterday可知，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态。故填resulted from。
75. He ______(前往) a charity event when his mother passed away. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】was heading for
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：当他的母亲去世时，他正前往一个慈善活动。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填动词短语head for“前往”，此处描述过去正在发生的事情，用过去进行时。故填was heading for。
七、语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空(正确形式可使用两个词或以上)。
Diaojiaolou is a masterpiece of Chinese traditional construction. It’s said that when the first ancient pioneers set out from northern and central China in the hope of___76___ (settle) in southern China, they came upon difficulties. In the forests of southern China, they met with beasts, poisonous snakes and insects. They managed to settle a colony and set fires to drive away beasts.___77___, they were still troubled by snakes and insects, until one leader,___78___ distinguished wise old man in the community at that time, came up with an idea of putting up a building hung on wooden stilts (支柱). The colony then agreed on the idea and such buildings ___79___ (construct) with joint efforts did help the early settlers stay safe from the dangers. These buildings___80___ (gain) popularity among several minorities since then.
Diaojiaolou typically has two to three floors. The upper floors are held up by stilts, ___81___ appearance makes the building look unsteady. But these stilts___82___ (strengthen) by some stone blocks at their base so as to make Diaojiaolou still.
The ground floor is___83___ (primary) made up of stilts without walls. This floor tends to be used___84___ a place for keeping farm animals or putting firewood and farming____85____ (equip). The upper floors are mainly living spaces.
【答案】76. settling
77. However
78. a 79. constructed
80. have gained
81. whose 82. are strengthened
83. primarily
84. as 85. equipment
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了吊脚楼这一中国传统建筑的起源和构造。
【76题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：据说，当第一批古代拓荒者从中国北部和中部出发，希望在中国南部定居时，他们遇到了困难。空处应用动名词作介词of的宾语。故填settling。
【77题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，他们仍然受到蛇和昆虫的困扰，直到一位领导人，当时社区里一位杰出的智者，想出了一个主意，搭建一栋挂在木柱上的建筑。前文“They managed to settle a colony and set fires to drive away beasts.(他们设法安置了一个殖民地，并纵火驱赶野兽。)”讲述了他们建造了殖民地并驱赶了野兽，后文“they were still troubled by snakes and insects”讲他们仍然受到蛇虫的困扰，前后之间是转折关系，且空后有逗号，所以这里应用副词however(然而)，修饰整个句子。故填However。
【78题详解】
考查冠词。句意参考上题。根据空后的“distinguished wise old man”可知，这里是空前的“one leader”的同位语，泛指一位杰出的智者，且distinguished的发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【79题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：殖民地随后同意了这一想法，通过共同努力建造的这些建筑确实帮助早期定居者远离危险。本句的谓语是did help，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语such buildings和construct之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填constructed。
【80题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从那时起，这些建筑在少数民族中广受欢迎。根据句中的时间状语“since then”可知，这里应用现在完成时。主语buildings为复数，所以谓语应用复数形式。故填have gained。
【81题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：上层是用柱子支撑的，柱子的外观使建筑看起来不稳定。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词stilts，且stilts和appearance之间是所属关系，所以应用whose引导，whose作定语修饰appearance。故填whose。
【82题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：但柱子的底部用一些石块加固，使吊脚楼不动。根据上下文时态和句意可知，这里在讲述吊脚楼的建造原理，应用一般现在时。主语these stilts和strengthen之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且谓语应用复数。故填are strengthened。
【83题详解】
考查副词。句意：底层主要由没有墙壁的柱子组成。空处应用副词，修饰动词短语made up。primarily意为“主要地”。故填primarily。
【84题详解】
考查介词。句意：这一层往往被用作饲养家畜或放置木柴和农业设备的地方。be used as意为“被用作”，为固定搭配。故填as。
【85题详解】
考查名词。句意参考上题。空处和and前的firewood一起作putting的宾语，应用名词。equipment意为“设备”，为不可数名词。故填equipment。
八、书面表达(满分15分)
86. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom想要给他在英国的中国朋友准备一顿特别的新年晚餐，他发邮件向你寻求建议，请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐合适的中国美食以及原因；
2. 提议在菜品中融入英国元素。
注意：
1. 词数100以上；
2. 可增加连接成分，使结构清晰，行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tom,
I’m glad you want to prepare a special New Year dinner for your Chinese friends in the UK. There are several traditional Chinese dishes that are perfect for the occasion. Dumplings are a popular choice as they symbolize wealth and good luck in Chinese culture. Fish is also a good option as it represents abundance and prosperity. However, to make the dinner more inclusive, you could also consider incorporating British elements into the menu. For example, you could serve Chinese dishes with British-style roasted vegetables or add British-inspired desserts to the menu. I hope these suggestions help you create a memorable Chinese New Year celebration for your friends.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。英国笔友Tom想要给他在英国的中国朋友准备一顿特别的新年晚餐，要求考生回复邮件提供一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad → happy/pleased
传统的：traditional → conventional
象征：symbolize→ stand for
考虑：consider → think about
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：However, to make the dinner more inclusive, you could also consider incorporating British elements into the menu.
拓展句：However, you could also consider incorporating British elements into the menu so that the dinner will be more inclusive,.
【点睛】[高分句型1] There are several traditional Chinese dishes that are perfect for the occasion. (运用了关系代词that引导限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I hope these suggestions help you create a memorable Chinese New Year celebration for your friends. (运用了省略连词that的宾语从句)
