深圳科学高中 2023-2024 学年第一学期期末测试试题
科目：高二英语
考试时长：120 分钟 卷面总分：130 分
第一部分 语法基础 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Harry Porter, which is liked by many students, ________ into several different films over the past years.
A. had been made B. has been made C. was made D. would be made
2. If we ________ now to work out, we’ll live to regret it.
A. hadn’t acted B. haven’t acted C. don’t act D. won’t act
3. I had been working on English for the whole day and the letters ________ before my eyes.
A. swam B. swum C. swim D. swimming
4. It is reported that many a new school ________ at present in Shenzhen, Guandong Province.
A. was being built B. were being built C. is being built D. are being built
5. Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
A. why B. where C. that D. what
6. It doesn’t matter ________ you go back to your hometown by train or by plane — both ways are convenient.
A. whether B. how C. if D. when
7. Evidence has been found through months of study ________ the pollution here is likely to continue.
A. why B. how C. whether D. that
8. Being patient is a good quality and that’s __________ it takes to do anything well.
A. what B. which C. where D. how
9. Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, always study very hard in the village.
A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom
10. Last Saturday, only two people came to the basketball court, ________wanted to play with me.
A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom
11. Today, let’s discuss several cases _____ some students are often late for school and refuse to do their homework.
A. which B. as C. why D. where
12. During weekends, family members often gather together ________ a meal, visit some parks or watch films.
A share B. to share C. having shared D. shared
13. ________ in 2016, the Ping An Grand Building, the highest skyscraper until now in Shenzhen, attracts more and more visitors.
A. Having completed B. Being completed C. Completed D. Completing
14. Mr. Li, our headmaster, recommends that some activities ________ to celebrate the12th anniversary of our school.
A. should hold B. are held C. be held D. will be held
15. If penicillin available, many people from sickness or even small wounds in World WarⅡ.
A. was not; would die B. were not; would have died
C. had not been; would died D. had not been; would have died
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
WELCOME TO DENTAL 2023 IMPLANT CENTER GRAND OPENING!! VISIT OUR NEW LOCATION 3317 E.10th ST., LONG BEACH Save this coupon(优惠券)and you can enjoy the maximum discount in our new office: Single tooth implant costs only $700!(A 10% discount of normal). Including implant, abutment and crown. *Due date: 03/31/24. Cannot be combined with insurance fees or other coupons. New patients only. NOW SERVING YOU IN THREE LOCATIONS! IRVINE: 39 Creek Road, Suite 210 LAGUNA NIGUEL: 30012 Crown Valley Pkwy, STEB Unlike traditional artificial teeth, which are removable, dental implants are surgically placed into the jawbone and then topped with a restoration such as a dental crown. They feel much more natural than conventional alternatives. Additionally, dental implants can help to prevent bone deterioration(退化)that is caused by missing teeth. The bone begins to deteriorate when you lose a tooth because it is no longer being stimulated daily. This can lead to severe bone loss over time. But by placing dental implants into the jawbone, we can preserve this structure. If you’re missing one, two, or all of your teeth, we encourage you to visit our new office in Long Beach, or call(949)857-6757 to schedule your appointment. We would be happy to help you find the best treatment plan to restore your smile and help you enjoy better oral health soon!
16. What’s the restriction of the coupon
A. It is valid only on March 31st. B. It doesn’t support phone reservation.
C. Only new patients can use it. D. It must be used with insurance fees.
17. Which is an advantage of dental implants
A. They cost little money. B. They preserve the jawbone.
C. They can be easily removed. D. They prevent teeth missing.
18. What is the purpose of the text
A To explain how to implant teeth. B. To introduce three implant centers.
C. To advertise a newly opened dental center. D. To popularize the knowledge of oral health.
B
At 67, Joyce Faulkner thought she was looking for a holiday. Her husband, Jim, had recently died and exploring possible house swaps on the Home Exchange website felt less painful. In the end, it was not a vacation Faulkner found but a job. She left her home in Edinburgh to become mother’s help to seven-year-old twins in Varese, Italy.
“It’s halfway crazy,” she says. A house swap she was interested in didn’t work out, but the owner, Rachele, asked: “‘Do you know anyone who might help me with the children ’ I wrote back and said: ‘Tell me what that involves!’ She wrote me a little list, and I said: ‘I could do that!’ We seemed to believe in each other.”
Two months later, when Faulkner reached Varese, “the dad, Andrea, was walking towards me with the children hiding behind his legs, kind of shy, thinking: ‘Who is this woman in a long black coat ’ I don’t think it was quite Mary Poppins, but the atmosphere was immediately warm and friendly.”
Eighteen months on, Faulkner’s job no longer feels like a job. “I just feel like part of the family.” They joke: “You think you’re going back to Scotland No, you’re staying here!” She gives English lessons, helps with the housework, meets the children from school, plays chess or table tennis with them, and takes them to the park. “It never feels like work,” she says. “It has been absolutely the perfect match.” Faulkner’s son, Steven, who lives in London, has visited her and they have cycled around the northern Italian lakes. She feels no more distant than when she lived in Edinburgh.
“You have to take the opportunity when it presents itself,” Jim once said.
“I’ll be 70 in January, but in my head, I’m 30. I still feel the same person, I have the same enthusiasm for life, the same interest in people and things. In that sense, I wish I had another 70,” Faulkner jokes.
19. Why did Joyce Faulkner search the Home Exchange website
A. To hunt for a job. B. To buy a house in Italy.
C. To explore holiday resorts. D. To find a holiday home for exchange.
20. What probably caused Faulkner to be hired by Rachele
A. Good luck. B. Mutal trust.
C. Common interests. D. First impression.
21. What can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4
A. Faulkner feels less close to her son
B. Faulkner feels quite at home while babysitting in Italy.
C. Faulkner returned to her old business despite her advanced years.
D. Faulkner was thought of as a typical baby-sitter at the first meeting.
22. Which of the following can best describe Joyce Faulkner
A. Caring and outgoing. B. Strict and responsible.
C. Devoted and passionate. D. Humorous and independent.
C
The debate of having siblings versus being an only child (or a singleton) has merits on either side. I believe that it is better to have siblings than none.
Having at least one sibling is beneficial to a child’s socio-emotional development. Through siblings, the child learns important life skills. The child takes on multiple roles such as playmate, friends and even rival and in the process, learns to share, compromise and resolve conflicts—from parental affection to toys, space or other resources. Thus, siblingship fosters the environment where children pick up invaluable skills that they can apply to workplaces, marriages and other interpersonal relationships in future. More importantly, having siblings is a help when it comes to parental care. Caring for sick elderly parents can be physically, mentally and financially exhausting. Having at least one sibling who can share the responsibilities would certainly go a long way. The only child, on the other hand, would have to shoulder this responsibility alone, or at best with a spouse (配偶) for support, and this can be overwhelming.
While some singletons may enjoy being the attention of parents and even grandparents, they also shoulder a heavier burden of being the only one in the spotlight, having no sibling to share it with. Parents of the singleton tend to hyper-focus all their energies on their one child. The glare are can get intense and discomforting. The singleton may find that being the focus of such excessive attention may be detrimental in the long run. Eventually, this child may lack the confidence and natural instincts to address real-world issues by himself or herself. Besides, there is the perception of the only child being spoilt.
The seeming privileges of being a singleton during childhood pale in comparison to the more substantial advantages of having siblings, especially during adulthood. The network of emotional, mental and material support that a sibling can potentially provide throughout their life is immeasurable.
23. What does the author mainly talk about
A. Benefits of having siblings. B. Changes of family structure.
C. Relationships between siblings. D. Advantages of being a singleton.
24. What merit of having siblings matters more according to paragraph 2
A. Life skills. B. Emotional support.
C. Self reliance. D. Parental care.
25. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 3
A. Supportive B. Stressful.
C. Uncomfortable. D. Harmful.
26. How is the text developed
A. By stating reasons. B. By describing a scene.
C. By analyzing effects. D. By providing examples.
D
Is future you It might seem like a strange philosophical question. But the answer to how you think about your future self could make the difference between decisions you ultimately find satisfying and ones you might eventually regret.
The brain patterns that emerge on an MRI (核磁共振成像) when people think about their future selves most like the brain patterns that arise when they think about strangers. This finding suggests that, in the mind’s eye, our future selves look like other people. If you see future you as a different person, why should you save money, eat healthier or exercise more regularly to benefit that stranger
However, if you see the interests of your distant self as more like those of your present self, you are considerably more likely to do things today that benefit you tomorrow. A paper in the journal PLoS One revealed that college students who experienced a greater sense of connection and similarity to their future selves were more likely to achieve academic success. Relationships with our future selves also matter for general psychological well-being. In a project led by Joseph Reiff, which includes 5, 000 adults aged 20 to 75, he found that those who perceived a great overlap (重叠) in qualities between their current and future selves ended up being more satisfied with their lives 10 years after filling out the initial survey.
So how can we better befriend our future selves and feel more connected to their fates The psychological mindset with what we call ”vividness interventions“ works. We have found, for instance, that showing people images of their older, grayer selves increases intentions to save for the long term. Besides, you might try writing a letter to-and then from-your future self. As demonstrated by Yuta Chishima and Anne Wilson in their 2020 study in the journal Self and Identity, when high-school students engaged in this type of ”send-and-reply“ exercise, they experienced elevated (升高的) levels of feelings of similarity with their future selves.
Letter-writing and visualization exercises are just a couple of ways we can connect with our future selves and beyond, but the larger lesson here is clear: If we can treat our distant selves as if they are people we love, care about and want to support, we can start making choices for them that improve our lives-both today and tomorrow.
27. What’s the function of paragraph 2
A. Generating further discussion. B. Introducing a research result.
C. Showing the effect of the finding. D. Concluding various viewpoints.
28. How does the author prove his statements
A. By offering relevant statistics. B. By using quotations.
C. By referring to previous findings. D. By making comparisons.
29. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Benefits of befriending our future selves.
B. Ways of connecting with our future selves.
C. Methods of changing psychological mindsets.
D. Possibilities of us becoming our future selves.
30. What does the article want to tell us
A. Making future plans makes a difference.
B. Our future selves look like other people.
C. Getting to know your future self benefits.
D. Your choice affects the fates of strangers.
第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In order to survive in the world with challenges, we need to be wise. ____31____ Let me tell you this, wisdom provides us with perspective when we need it and it calms us down in terrible situations. Here are some strategies that we can use to get wiser.
____32____ This will open up new pathways for us. Never base your perspective on the most popular opinion or which is the most comfortable for you. Train your mind to be a judgment-free space for ideas. If you are humble, then you will always get to experience something new.
You must be the kind of person who learns something new every day. Take new classes, read books and the list goes on and on. ____33____ All of these activities will help you to tackle problems from different angles, making everything easier.
You obviously want to grow and do better in life, right The best way is to have wise people as your mentors (导师), like teachers, colleagues and even special friends. Prior to making them a mentor, find out what makes them wiser, then engage in useful dialogue with them. ____34____
If you have accumulated a lot of knowledge, then why not share it with others too ____35____ In today’s world, it is very easy to become wise but it isn’t easy to help others. So keep things balanced and never let go of your passions and values. This will pave the path to success.
A. Why do we communicate with wise people
B. Why is wisdom crucial in this modern world
C. Change your routine and see where life takes you.
D. Surf the Internet and clear out your problems that confuse you.
E Sometimes we ourselves need to be open to diverse perspectives.
F. The more time is spent with them, the more transfer of knowledge there will be.
G. Communicating with others and helping them out will also increase your wisdom.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I first visited Mexico, I spoke Spanish well. So when I ____36____ an ice-cream in a shop, and the local seller said “ahorita,” which directly translates to “right now,” I smiled and waited nearby, believing that its arrival was ____37____.
Half an hour passed and still no ice-cream arrived, so I asked again about it. “Ahorita,” he ____38____ again and his face was a mix of confusion and ____39____.
I was ____40____. Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but it was impolite to walk away if the ice-cream was now being delivered just for me. But finally, after waiting too long, I made a rush for the nearest bus to take me home. ____41____, it really wasn’t my fault. As I left, I ____42____ at my wrist and shrugged to the ice-cream seller, leaving him in ____43____ confusion.
This experience ____44____ in my memory until years later when I came back to live in Mexico. I discovered that understanding “ahorita” took not a _____45_____ in the language, but rather a fluency in the _____46_____. When someone from Mexico says “ahorita,” it should almost never be taken literally (照字面地); its meaning _____47_____ greatly with context. As a linguist _____48_____, “Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.” It is even used as a(n) _____49_____ way of saying “no, thanks” when refusing a(n) _____50_____.
36. A. selected B. ordered C. picked D. bought
37. A. certain B. regular C. scheduled D. immediate
38. A. responded B. lied C. refused D. exclaimed
39. A. relief B. comfort C. panic D. embarrassment
40. A. torn B. ashamed C. doubtful D. sure
41. A. Hopefully B. Luckily C. Obviously D. Thankfully
42. A. stared B. signaled C. shouted D. aimed
43. A. total B. modest C. unexpected D. amazing
44. A. remained B. faded C. shone D. appeared
45. A. time B. history C. manners D. fluency
46. A. habit B. shopping C. culture D. time
47. A. varies B. grows C. extends D. stays
48. A. questions B. expects C. outlines D. illustrates
49. A. polite B. funny C. amazing D. popular
50. A. application B. design C. offer D. request
第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese American Museum, ____51____ (locate) in down town Washington, 800 meters from the White House, is the only Chinese museum in Washington, DC, the United States.
Philip Qiu, ____52____ founder of the Museum, said it was established to tell the story of Chinese people in America, highlight their contributions to the country ____53____ improve people’s understanding of Chinese-American culture.
Over the past few years, the museum ____54____ (devote) to collecting, preserving, researching and displaying the history and culture of Chinese Americans. It hopes to encourage Chinese Americans to show ____55____ (they) and tell and record their own stories and experiences in the US ____56____ (proud).
The museum has held more than 15 high quality exhibitions with different themes. The ____57____ (exhibit) include artworks from China and the US, antique documents, calligraphy and paintings and clothing, ____58____ (attract) more than 15,0000 visitors from all over the world.
____59____ (celebrate) the Chinese New Year, from the end of January to the beginning of February, the museum held the “Welcome to the New Year” lantern exhibition and Chinese New Year cultural display activities.
“I always believe that human civilization is like a big family, and the culture of every nation should be respected,” Qiu said, “Cultural exchanges like this will strengthen communication between people from the two countries and enhance _____60_____ (friend) relations.”
第四部分 词汇基础 (共 20 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 20 分)
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或 1 个适当的介词。
61. They put an ____________(advertise) in ‘The Morning News’, offering a high salary for the right person.(所给词的适当形式填空)
62. Several ____________ (enthusiasm) young teachers have just started working at the school. (所给词适当形式填空)
63. Anne left Germany in the ____________ (expect) of seeing her family again before very long. (所给词的适当形式填空)
64. When it was first introduced, the electric car was described as one of the ten most ____________(innovate) products of the year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
65. One important ____________ (qualify) is life experience and sensitivity to the ideas of justice in different communities. (所给词的适当形式填空)
66. The authors endeavour to obtain specimens from as ____________ (vary) sources as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空)
67. Investors took their money elsewhere, causing a far-reaching ____________ (economy) crisis. (所给词的适当形式填空)
68. She is probably the most ____________ (influence) member of the finance committee. (所给词的适当形式填空)
69. Campaign funds have been used for ____________ (apparent) illegal activities. (所给词的适当形式填空)
70. Others factors can be, such as obesity, high alcohol ____________ (consume) and lack of exercise. (所给词的适当形式填空)
71. The convention brought money and media ____________ (expose) to this small city. (所给词的适当形式填空)
72. We can not answer the mystery of desire with descriptions of ____________ (biology) functioning. (所给词的适当形式填空)
73. Foot and mouth disease is caused by a highly ____________(infect) virus which animals either eat or inhale. (所给词的适当形式填空)
74. Because of the snow, many parts of the countryside are only ____________ (access) by helicopter. (所给词的适当形式填空)
75. But her ____________ (steel) determination to make her way in a cruel world has done its own damage. (所给词的适当形式填空)
76. Governments should be encouraged to get rid ____________ all nuclear weapons.(用适当的词填空)
77. The book contrasts modern civilization with the ideal of the noble savage who lived ____________ harmony with nature. (用适当的词填空)
78. If you’re not careful, you can wave goodbye____________ any pay rise this year. (用适当的词填空)
79. ____________ mature reflection we have decided to decline their offer. (用适当的词填空)
80. His position as leader will be ____________ threat at a party congress due next month. (用适当的词填空)
第五部分 应用文写作 (满分 15 分)
81. 假定你是李华，得知某英文网站正在招聘一名兼职摄影师，你很感兴趣。请用英语写一封求职信，内容主要包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 致谢并表达希望。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir /Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely
Li Hua深圳科学高中 2023-2024 学年第一学期期末测试试题
科目：高二英语
考试时长：120 分钟 卷面总分：130 分
第一部分 语法基础 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Harry Porter, which is liked by many students, ________ into several different films over the past years.
A. had been made B. has been made C. was made D. would be made
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态与语态。句意：在过去的几年里，被许多学生喜欢的《哈利波特》已经被拍成了多部不同的电影。over the past years表示的是从过去到现在的动作，所以句子用现在完成时； Harry Porter与谓语make为被动关系，因此选择现在完成时被动语态。故选B。
2. If we ________ now to work out, we’ll live to regret it.
A. hadn’t acted B. haven’t acted C. don’t act D. won’t act
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：如果我们现在解决，我们会后悔的。在含有条件或时间状语从句的主从复合句中，如果主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，那么从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，故选C项。
3. I had been working on English for the whole day and the letters ________ before my eyes.
A. swam B. swum C. swim D. swimming
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我已经学了一整天的英语，那些字母在我的眼前旋转。分析句子时态可知，前半句用过去完成进行时，后半句动作发生在work on之后，并且已经发生过了，应用一般过去时。故选A。
4. It is reported that many a new school ________ at present in Shenzhen, Guandong Province.
A. was being built B. were being built C. is being built D. are being built
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，广东深圳目前正在兴建许多新学校。根据at present可知此处是描述正在发生的事情，且主语school和动词build之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态，many a后跟名词单数作主语时，谓语动词应该用单数形式。故选C。
5. Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
A. why B. where C. that D. what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意为：专家们相信，人们只有当有必要购物时去买东西，这样才可以少浪费食物。believe后跟宾语从句，且宾语从句句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选C项。
6. It doesn’t matter ________ you go back to your hometown by train or by plane — both ways are convenient.
A. whether B. how C. if D. when
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：不管你是坐火车还是坐飞机回家，两种方式都很方便。A. whether是否（表选择或可能性）；B. how如何；C. if如果；D. when当……时候。根据空后“by train or by plane — both ways are convenient”可知，此处表示选择，应用whether引导主语从句，it作形式主语。故选A。
7. Evidence has been found through months of study ________ the pollution here is likely to continue.
A. why B. how C. whether D. that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：经过几个月的研究，有证据表明这里的污染可能会持续下去。此处为同位语从句说明evidence的内容，从句不缺少成分 ，句意完整，故用that。故选D。
8. Being patient is a good quality and that’s __________ it takes to do anything well.
A. what B. which C. where D. how
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：耐心是一种很好的品质，这是做好任何事情所需要的。分析句子结构可知， that’s后面缺少表语从句，而在表语从句中考查 it take sth to do sth.做某事是需要花费……，take 缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what来引导。故选A。
9. Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, always study very hard in the village.
A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多孩子的父母都在大城市工作，他们在农村总是很努力地学习。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是Many children，指人，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故选B。
10. Last Saturday, only two people came to the basketball court, ________wanted to play with me.
A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查不定代词及定语从句。句意：上周六，只有两个人来到篮球场，他们都不想和我玩。根据前面的two可知，此处表示两者，应用both或neither，none指三者或三者以上都不；分析句子结构可知，句中含有两个谓语动词，且中间没有连词连接，如果用代词them，空格前需有连词连接两并列句，所以，排除A项和B项。结合选项可知，此处应选D项，构成“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，neither of whom代词上文的two people。故选D项。
11. Today, let’s discuss several cases _____ some students are often late for school and refuse to do their homework.
A. which B. as C. why D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：今天，我们将讨论一些一些学生经常迟到，不愿做作业的情况。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为抽象地点名词cases，引导词在句中作地点状语，所以用where引导。故选D项。
12. During weekends, family members often gather together ________ a meal, visit some parks or watch films.
A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在周末，家庭成员经常聚在一起吃饭，参观公园或看电影。gather 是谓语动词，“ _________ a meal, visit some parks or watch films”是状语，家人聚在一同的目的吃饭，参观公园或看电影，表目的用动词不定式。故选B。
13. ________ in 2016, the Ping An Grand Building, the highest skyscraper until now in Shenzhen, attracts more and more visitors.
A. Having completed B. Being completed C. Completed D. Completing
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2016年竣工平安大厦是深圳目前最高的摩天大楼，吸引着越来越多的游客。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，complete和逻辑主语the Ping An Grand Building为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故选C项。
14. Mr. Li, our headmaster, recommends that some activities ________ to celebrate the12th anniversary of our school.
A. should hold B. are held C. be held D. will be held
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：李老师，我们的校长，建议举行一些活动来庆祝我们学校12周年。recommend“建议”，其后的宾语从句要用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可以省略；本句中“that some activities ________ to celebrate the12th anniversary of our school”为recommend的宾语从句，从句主语“some activities”与动词“hold”为动宾关系，所以空处用被动语态“should be+过去分词”，选项C符合题意。故选C。
15. If penicillin available, many people from sickness or even small wounds in World WarⅡ.
A. was not; would die B. were not; would have died
C. had not been; would died D. had not been; would have died
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有青霉素，很多人在二战中就会死于疾病或小的伤口。与过去相反的假设从句用：If+主语+had +过去分词，主句是：主语＋should/would/might/could ＋have done；结合in World WarⅡ可知表示对过去情况的虚拟，if条件句用had done，结合句意表示否定在had后加not，主句用would have done。故选D。
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
WELCOME TO DENTAL 2023 IMPLANT CENTER GRAND OPENING!! VISIT OUR NEW LOCATION 3317 E.10th ST., LONG BEACH Save this coupon(优惠券)and you can enjoy the maximum discount in our new office: Single tooth implant costs only $700!(A 10% discount of normal). Including implant, abutment and crown. *Due date: 03/31/24. Cannot be combined with insurance fees or other coupons. New patients only. NOW SERVING YOU IN THREE LOCATIONS! IRVINE: 39 Creek Road, Suite 210 LAGUNA NIGUEL: 30012 Crown Valley Pkwy, STEB Unlike traditional artificial teeth, which are removable, dental implants are surgically placed into the jawbone and then topped with a restoration such as a dental crown. They feel much more natural than conventional alternatives. Additionally, dental implants can help to prevent bone deterioration(退化)that is caused by missing teeth. The bone begins to deteriorate when you lose a tooth because it is no longer being stimulated daily. This can lead to severe bone loss over time. But by placing dental implants into the jawbone, we can preserve this structure. If you’re missing one, two, or all of your teeth, we encourage you to visit our new office in Long Beach, or call(949)857-6757 to schedule your appointment. We would be happy to help you find the best treatment plan to restore your smile and help you enjoy better oral health soon!
16. What’s the restriction of the coupon
A. It is valid only on March 31st. B. It doesn’t support phone reservation.
C. Only new patients can use it. D. It must be used with insurance fees.
17. Which is an advantage of dental implants
A. They cost little money. B. They preserve the jawbone.
C. They can be easily removed. D. They prevent teeth missing.
18. What is the purpose of the text
A. To explain how to implant teeth. B. To introduce three implant centers.
C. To advertise a newly opened dental center. D. To popularize the knowledge of oral health.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。为一则“牙科2023种植中心”的开业广告。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Due date: 03/31/24. Cannot be combined with insurance fees or other coupons. New patients only.(截止日期:03/31/24。不能与保险费或其他优惠券合并使用。仅限新患者)”可知，优惠券只有新患者才能使用它。故选C项。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Additionally, dental implants can help to prevent bone deterioration(退化)that is caused by missing teeth. The bone begins to deteriorate when you lose a tooth because it is no longer being stimulated daily. This can lead to severe bone loss over time. But by placing dental implants into the jawbone, we can preserve this structure.(此外，种植牙可以帮助防止因缺牙而导致的骨质退化。当你失去一颗牙齿时，骨头就开始恶化，因为它不再每天受到刺激。随着时间的推移，这会导致严重的骨质流失。但是通过在颌骨中植入牙齿，我们可以保留这种结构)”可知，种植牙的优点是保存了颌骨。故选B项。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文标题“WELCOME TO DENTAL 2023 IMPLANT CENTERGRAND OPENING!!VISIT OUR NEW LOCATION(欢迎来到牙科2023种植中心.隆重开幕! !参观我们的新地点)”以及最后一段“If you’re missing one, two, or all of your teeth, we encourage you to visit our new office in Long Beach, or call(949)857-6757 to schedule your appointment. We would be happy to help you find the best treatment plan to restore your smile and help you enjoy better oral health soon!(如果你缺了一颗、两颗或所有的牙齿，我们建议你去我们在长滩的新办公室，或者打电话(949)857-6757预约你的预约。我们很乐意帮助您找到最好的治疗方案，恢复您的笑容，让您早日享受更好的口腔健康!)”可推知，本文的目的是为一家新开的牙科中心做广告。故选C项。
B
At 67, Joyce Faulkner thought she was looking for a holiday. Her husband, Jim, had recently died and exploring possible house swaps on the Home Exchange website felt less painful. In the end, it was not a vacation Faulkner found but a job. She left her home in Edinburgh to become mother’s help to seven-year-old twins in Varese, Italy.
“It’s halfway crazy,” she says. A house swap she was interested in didn’t work out, but the owner, Rachele, asked: “‘Do you know anyone who might help me with the children ’ I wrote back and said: ‘Tell me what that involves!’ She wrote me a little list, and I said: ‘I could do that!’ We seemed to believe in each other.”
Two months later, when Faulkner reached Varese, “the dad, Andrea, was walking towards me with the children hiding behind his legs, kind of shy, thinking: ‘Who is this woman in a long black coat ’ I don’t think it was quite Mary Poppins, but the atmosphere was immediately warm and friendly.”
Eighteen months on, Faulkner’s job no longer feels like a job. “I just feel like part of the family.” They joke: “You think you’re going back to Scotland No, you’re staying here!” She gives English lessons, helps with the housework, meets the children from school, plays chess or table tennis with them, and takes them to the park. “It never feels like work,” she says. “It has been absolutely the perfect match.” Faulkner’s son, Steven, who lives in London, has visited her and they have cycled around the northern Italian lakes. She feels no more distant than when she lived in Edinburgh.
“You have to take the opportunity when it presents itself,” Jim once said.
“I’ll be 70 in January, but in my head, I’m 30. I still feel the same person, I have the same enthusiasm for life, the same interest in people and things. In that sense, I wish I had another 70,” Faulkner jokes.
19. Why did Joyce Faulkner search the Home Exchange website
A. To hunt for a job. B. To buy a house in Italy.
C. To explore holiday resorts. D. To find a holiday home for exchange.
20. What probably caused Faulkner to be hired by Rachele
A. Good luck. B. Mutal trust.
C. Common interests. D. First impression.
21. What can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4
A. Faulkner feels less close to her son
B. Faulkner feels quite at home while babysitting in Italy.
C. Faulkner returned to her old business despite her advanced years.
D. Faulkner was thought of as a typical baby-sitter at the first meeting.
22. Which of the following can best describe Joyce Faulkner
A. Caring and outgoing. B. Strict and responsible.
C. Devoted and passionate. D. Humorous and independent.
【答案】19. D 20. B 21. B 22. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。英国67岁的Joyce Faulkner在她丈夫死后在网上搜寻换房式的度假旅游, 结果却找到了一份在意大利照看小孩的工作。尽管年事已高, 但她对生活依然充满激情, 生活又有了新的开始。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“At 67, Joyce Faulkner thought she was looking for a holiday. Her husband, Jim, had recently died and exploring possible house swaps on the Home Exchange website felt less painful.”（67 岁的乔伊斯福克纳以为自己在寻找一个假期。她的丈夫吉姆最近去世了，在房屋交换网站上寻找房屋交换感觉不那么痛苦。）可知，乔伊斯福克纳搜索房屋交换网站是为了寻找可供交换的度假屋。故选D项。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“We seemed to believe in each other.”（我们似乎都相信对方）可知，让福克纳被拉切尔聘用的原因是因为相互信任。故选B项。
21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“the atmosphere was immediately warm and friendly.”（气氛立刻变得温暖而友好。）以及第四段中“I just feel like part of the family.”（我感觉像是这个家的一员）可推断出，福克纳在意大利当保姆时，感觉就像在家里一样。故选B项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“She gives English lessons, helps with the housework, meets the children from school, plays chess or table tennis with them, and takes them to the park. ‘It never feels like work,’ she says. It has been absolutely the perfect match.”（她给孩子们上英语课，帮忙做家务，接孩子们放学，陪他们下棋或打乒乓球，带他们去公园玩。她说：“我从来不觉得这是工作。这绝对是天作之合。”）可知福克纳是敬业的；根据最后一段“I’ll be 70 in January, but in my head, I’m 30. I still feel the same person, I have the same enthusiasm for life, the same interest in people and things”（今年1月我就70岁了，但在我的脑海中，我还是30岁。我还是那个我，对生活充满热情，对人对事充满兴趣。） 可知尽管年事已高，但她对生活依然充满激情。故选C项。
C
The debate of having siblings versus being an only child (or a singleton) has merits on either side. I believe that it is better to have siblings than none.
Having at least one sibling is beneficial to a child’s socio-emotional development. Through siblings, the child learns important life skills. The child takes on multiple roles such as playmate, friends and even rival and in the process, learns to share, compromise and resolve conflicts—from parental affection to toys, space or other resources. Thus, siblingship fosters the environment where children pick up invaluable skills that they can apply to workplaces, marriages and other interpersonal relationships in future. More importantly, having siblings is a help when it comes to parental care. Caring for sick elderly parents can be physically, mentally and financially exhausting. Having at least one sibling who can share the responsibilities would certainly go a long way. The only child, on the other hand, would have to shoulder this responsibility alone, or at best with a spouse (配偶) for support, and this can be overwhelming.
While some singletons may enjoy being the attention of parents and even grandparents, they also shoulder a heavier burden of being the only one in the spotlight, having no sibling to share it with. Parents of the singleton tend to hyper-focus all their energies on their one child. The glare are can get intense and discomforting. The singleton may find that being the focus of such excessive attention may be detrimental in the long run. Eventually, this child may lack the confidence and natural instincts to address real-world issues by himself or herself. Besides, there is the perception of the only child being spoilt.
The seeming privileges of being a singleton during childhood pale in comparison to the more substantial advantages of having siblings, especially during adulthood. The network of emotional, mental and material support that a sibling can potentially provide throughout their life is immeasurable.
23. What does the author mainly talk about
A. Benefits of having siblings. B. Changes of family structure.
C. Relationships between siblings. D. Advantages of being a singleton.
24. What merit of having siblings matters more according to paragraph 2
A. Life skills. B. Emotional support.
C. Self reliance. D. Parental care.
25. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 3
A. Supportive B. Stressful.
C. Uncomfortable. D. Harmful.
26. How is the text developed
A. By stating reasons. B. By describing a scene.
C. By analyzing effects. D. By providing examples.
【答案】23. A 24. D 25. D 26. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了与独生子女相比，有兄弟姐妹的好处。
【23题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在第一段中的“I believe that it is better to have siblings than none.(我相信有兄弟姐妹总比没有好。)”提出自己的观点，然后在接下来的段落中陈述了有兄弟姐妹的各项好处。由此可知本文主要谈论了有兄弟姐妹的好处。故选项A正确。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“More importantly, having siblings is a help when it comes to parental care. (更重要的是，当涉及到照顾父母时，有兄弟姐妹是一种帮助。)”可知，有兄弟姐妹的一个更重要的优点在于照顾父母方面。故选项D正确。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的一句“Eventually, this child may lack the confidence and natural instincts to address real-world issues by himself or herself.(最终，这个孩子可能缺乏自信和天生的本能，无法独自解决现实世界中的问题。)”可知，独生子女受到全家人的全部关注会使得这个孩子缺乏自信和天生的本能，无法独立解决问题，由此可推测出，画线词所在句表达的是“独生子女可能会发现，从长远来看，成为这种过度关注的焦点可能是有害的”，detrimental意为“有害的”，与harmful意思最接近。故选项D正确。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者在第一段中的“I believe that it is better to have siblings than none.(我相信有兄弟姐妹总比没有好。)”提出自己的观点：有兄弟姐妹有更多好处；第二段摆理由陈述有兄弟姐妹的好处；第三段通过独生子女所面临的问题进一步支持自己的观点；最后一段重申有兄弟姐妹的好处。由此可推测出，作者主要通过说理的方式组织文章。故选项A正确。
D
Is future you It might seem like a strange philosophical question. But the answer to how you think about your future self could make the difference between decisions you ultimately find satisfying and ones you might eventually regret.
The brain patterns that emerge on an MRI (核磁共振成像) when people think about their future selves most like the brain patterns that arise when they think about strangers. This finding suggests that, in the mind’s eye, our future selves look like other people. If you see future you as a different person, why should you save money, eat healthier or exercise more regularly to benefit that stranger
However, if you see the interests of your distant self as more like those of your present self, you are considerably more likely to do things today that benefit you tomorrow. A paper in the journal PLoS One revealed that college students who experienced a greater sense of connection and similarity to their future selves were more likely to achieve academic success. Relationships with our future selves also matter for general psychological well-being. In a project led by Joseph Reiff, which includes 5, 000 adults aged 20 to 75, he found that those who perceived a great overlap (重叠) in qualities between their current and future selves ended up being more satisfied with their lives 10 years after filling out the initial survey.
So how can we better befriend our future selves and feel more connected to their fates The psychological mindset with what we call ”vividness interventions“ works. We have found, for instance, that showing people images of their older, grayer selves increases intentions to save for the long term. Besides, you might try writing a letter to-and then from-your future self. As demonstrated by Yuta Chishima and Anne Wilson in their 2020 study in the journal Self and Identity, when high-school students engaged in this type of ”send-and-reply“ exercise, they experienced elevated (升高的) levels of feelings of similarity with their future selves.
Letter-writing and visualization exercises are just a couple of ways we can connect with our future selves and beyond, but the larger lesson here is clear: If we can treat our distant selves as if they are people we love, care about and want to support, we can start making choices for them that improve our lives-both today and tomorrow.
27. What’s the function of paragraph 2
A. Generating further discussion. B. Introducing a research result.
C. Showing the effect of the finding. D. Concluding various viewpoints.
28. How does the author prove his statements
A. By offering relevant statistics. B. By using quotations.
C. By referring to previous findings. D. By making comparisons.
29. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Benefits of befriending our future selves.
B. Ways of connecting with our future selves.
C. Methods of changing psychological mindsets.
D. Possibilities of us becoming our future selves.
30. What does the article want to tell us
A. Making future plans makes a difference.
B. Our future selves look like other people.
C. Getting to know your future self benefits.
D. Your choice affects the fates of strangers.
【答案】27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一片说明文。文章主要介绍了与自己未来建立联系的好处，以及如何与未来的自己建立联系，并为未来做出有益的选择。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The brain patterns that emerge on an MRI(核磁共振成像)when people think about their future selves most like the brain patterns that arise when they think about strangers. This finding suggests that, in the mind’s eye, our future selves look like other people. If you see future you as a different person, why should you save money, eat healthier or exercise more regularly to benefit that stranger (当人们思考未来的自我时，核磁共振成像上出现的大脑模式最像是当他们思考陌生人时产生的大脑模式。这一发现表明，在大脑的眼中，我们未来的自己看起来和其他人一样。如果你把未来的自己视为一个不同的人，你为什么要省钱、吃得更健康或更经常地锻炼来造福那个陌生人？)”可推知，本段通过设问来引出下文，产生进一步的讨论，为什么要和未来的自己建立联系。故选A。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句话到最后一句话“A paper in the journal PLoS One revealed that college students who experienced a greater sense of connection and similarity to their future selves were more likely to achieve academic success. Relationships with our future selves also matter for general psychological well-being. In a project led by Joseph Reiff, which includes 5, 000 adults aged 20 to 75, he found that those who perceived a great overlap(重叠) in qualities between their current and future selves ended up being more satisfied with their lives 10 years after filling out the initial survey. (《公共科学图书馆综合》杂志上的一篇论文显示，与未来自我有更大联系感和相似感的大学生更有可能在学业上取得成功。与未来自我的关系对整体心理健康也很重要。在Joseph Reiff领导的一个项目中，包括5000名年龄在20岁至75岁之间的成年人，他发现那些认为自己现在和未来的品质有很大重叠的人，在完成最初的调查10年后，最终对自己的生活更加满意)”可推知，作者通过参考先前的发现来证明他的陈述。故选C。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句话“So how can we better befriend our future selves and feel more connected to their fates (那么，我们如何才能更好地与未来的自己成为朋友，并与他们的命运更加紧密地联系在一起呢？)”以及全段内容来看，本段主要介绍了与未来的自己联系的方式。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中第二句话“But the answer to how you think about your future self could make the difference between decisions you ultimately find satisfying and ones you might eventually regret.(但是，你如何看待未来的自己的答案可能会决定你最终感到满意的决定和你最终可能后悔的决定)”及第三段的第二、三句话“A paper in the journal PLoS One revealed that college students who experienced a greater sense of connection and similarity to their future selves were more likely to achieve academic success. Relationships with our future selves also matter for general psychological well-being.(《公共科学图书馆综合》杂志上的一篇论文显示，与未来自我有更大联系感和相似感的大学生更有可能在学业上取得成功。与未来自我的关系对整体心理健康也很重要)”和最后一段“Letter-writing and visualization exercises are just a couple of ways we can connect with our future selves and beyond, but the larger lesson here is clear: If we can treat our distant selves as if they are people we love, care about and want to support, we can start making choices for them that improve our lives-both today and tomorrow(写信和可视化练习只是我们与未来自我和未来自我联系的几种方式，但这里更大的教训是明确的：如果我们能把遥远的自我当作我们爱、关心和想要支持的人来对待，我们就能开始为他们做出选择，改善我们今天和明天的生活)”可知，文章介绍了与未来自己建立联系的好处，如何与未来的自己建立联系，并为未来做出有益的选择。由此推知，这篇文章想告诉我们了解未来的自己的利好处。故选C。
第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In order to survive in the world with challenges, we need to be wise. ____31____ Let me tell you this, wisdom provides us with perspective when we need it and it calms us down in terrible situations. Here are some strategies that we can use to get wiser.
____32____ This will open up new pathways for us. Never base your perspective on the most popular opinion or which is the most comfortable for you. Train your mind to be a judgment-free space for ideas. If you are humble, then you will always get to experience something new.
You must be the kind of person who learns something new every day. Take new classes, read books and the list goes on and on. ____33____ All of these activities will help you to tackle problems from different angles, making everything easier.
You obviously want to grow and do better in life, right The best way is to have wise people as your mentors (导师), like teachers, colleagues and even special friends. Prior to making them a mentor, find out what makes them wiser, then engage in useful dialogue with them. ____34____
If you have accumulated a lot of knowledge, then why not share it with others too ____35____ In today’s world, it is very easy to become wise but it isn’t easy to help others. So keep things balanced and never let go of your passions and values. This will pave the path to success.
A. Why do we communicate with wise people
B. Why is wisdom crucial in this modern world
C. Change your routine and see where life takes you.
D. Surf the Internet and clear out your problems that confuse you.
E. Sometimes we ourselves need to be open to diverse perspectives.
F. The more time is spent with them, the more transfer of knowledge there will be.
G. Communicating with others and helping them out will also increase your wisdom.
【答案】31. B 32. E 33. D 34. F 35. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者就如何获得人生智慧给出了建议，帮助读者更好地面对充满挑战的世界以及生活中的困境。
【31题详解】
根据空前的“In order to survive in the world with challenges, we need to be wise.(为了在这个充满挑战的世界上生存，我们需要变得聪明)”以及后文“Let me tell you this, wisdom provides us with perspective when we need it and it calms us down in terrible situations.(让我告诉你，当我们需要的时候，智慧会给我们提供视角，在糟糕的情况下，智慧会让我们冷静下来)”可知，智慧对每个人来说都是十分重要的，所以B项“Why is wisdom crucial in this modern world (为什么智慧在现代社会如此重要 )”起到承上启下的作用，引出下文介绍智慧的重要性的具体例子。故选B项。
【32题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“This will open up new pathways for us. Never base your perspective on the most popular opinion or which is the most comfortable for you. Train your mind to be a judgment-free space for ideas. If you are humble, then you will always get to experience something new.(这将为我们开辟新的道路。永远不要把你的观点建立在最流行的观点或对你来说最舒服的观点上。训练你的大脑成为一个不受评判的思想空间。如果你是谦虚的，那么你总能体验到新的东西)”可知，本段主张应学会接受不同的观点，所以E项“Sometimes we ourselves need to be open to diverse perspectives(有时候，我们自己也需要对不同的观点持开放态度)”符合文意。故选E项。
【33题详解】
根据上文“You must be the kind of person who learns something new every day. Take new classes, read books and the list goes on and on.(你一定是那种每天都能学到新东西的人。参加新的课程，阅读书籍，这样的例子不胜枚举)”以及后文“All of these activities will help you to tackle problems from different angles, making everything easier.(所有这些活动将帮助你从不同的角度解决问题，使一切变得更容易)”可知，空处应承接上文，列举学习新事物的方式，下文中的“All of these activities”即指代前两句话，且D项中的“clear out your problems”与下文中的“tackle problems”相呼应。故选D项。
【34题详解】
分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“You obviously want to grow and do better in life, right The best way is to have wise people as your mentors (导师), like teachers, colleagues and even special friends. Prior to making them a mentor, find out what makes them wiser, then engage in useful dialogue with them.(你显然想要成长，想要在生活中做得更好，对吗 最好的方法是找一些有智慧的人做你的导师，比如老师、同事，甚至是特别的朋友。在成为他们的导师之前，找出是什么让他们更聪明，然后与他们进行有益的对话)”可知，本段的主题为“以智者为师”，所以F项“The more time is spent with them, the more transfer of knowledge there will be.(与他们相处的时间越多，知识的传递就越多)”与本段主题相符，且F项中的“them”与上文中的“them”相呼应。故选F项。
【35题详解】
根据前文“If you have accumulated a lot of knowledge, then why not share it with others too (如果你积累了很多知识，那么为什么不与他人分享呢 )”可知，本段提出积累了很多知识后要与他人分享并积极帮助他人，所以G项“Communicating with others and helping them out will also increase your wisdom.(与他人交流并帮助他们也会增加你的智慧。)”与本段主题相符，且G项中的“Communicating with others”与上文中的“share it with others”相呼应。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I first visited Mexico, I spoke Spanish well. So when I ____36____ an ice-cream in a shop, and the local seller said “ahorita,” which directly translates to “right now,” I smiled and waited nearby, believing that its arrival was ____37____.
Half an hour passed and still no ice-cream arrived, so I asked again about it. “Ahorita,” he ____38____ again and his face was a mix of confusion and ____39____.
I was ____40____. Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but it was impolite to walk away if the ice-cream was now being delivered just for me. But finally, after waiting too long, I made a rush for the nearest bus to take me home. ____41____, it really wasn’t my fault. As I left, I ____42____ at my wrist and shrugged to the ice-cream seller, leaving him in ____43____ confusion.
This experience ____44____ in my memory until years later when I came back to live in Mexico. I discovered that understanding “ahorita” took not a _____45_____ in the language, but rather a fluency in the _____46_____. When someone from Mexico says “ahorita,” it should almost never be taken literally (照字面地); its meaning _____47_____ greatly with context. As a linguist _____48_____, “Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.” It is even used as a(n) _____49_____ way of saying “no, thanks” when refusing a(n) _____50_____.
36. A. selected B. ordered C. picked D. bought
37. A. certain B. regular C. scheduled D. immediate
38. A. responded B. lied C. refused D. exclaimed
39. A. relief B. comfort C. panic D. embarrassment
40. A. torn B. ashamed C. doubtful D. sure
41. A. Hopefully B. Luckily C. Obviously D. Thankfully
42. A. stared B. signaled C. shouted D. aimed
43. A. total B. modest C. unexpected D. amazing
44. A. remained B. faded C. shone D. appeared
45. A. time B. history C. manners D. fluency
46. A. habit B. shopping C. culture D. time
47. A. varies B. grows C. extends D. stays
48. A. questions B. expects C. outlines D. illustrates
49. A. polite B. funny C. amazing D. popular
50. A. application B. design C. offer D. request
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. A 41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. A 50. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者在西班牙时，因对西班牙语的理解不同而造成误解的经历。
【36题详解】
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我在一家商店点冰淇淋时，当地的小贩说“ahorita”，直接翻译过来就是“马上”，我微笑着在旁边等着，相信冰淇淋马上就会来。A. selected挑选；B. ordered点餐；C. picked捡；D. bought买。根据下文中的“and the local seller said “ahorita,” which directly translates to “right now,””可知，卖家说“马上”，由此可推测，此处应是作者“点”了一份冰淇淋。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我在一家商店点冰淇淋时，当地的小贩说“ahorita”，直接翻译过来就是“马上”，我微笑着在旁边等着，相信冰淇淋马上就会来。A. certain确定的；B. regular定期的；C. scheduled按计划的；D. immediate立即的，马上。根据上文中的“the local seller said “ahorita,” which directly translates to “right now,””可知，作者理解的意思是“马上”就好，所以作者在微笑着等待着，认为冰淇淋“马上”就到。故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“ahorita，”他又回答了一遍，脸上混杂着困惑和尴尬。A. responded回答；B. lied说谎；C. refused拒绝；D. exclaimed大喊。根据上文中的“so I asked again about it.”可知，作者再次询问时，卖家应是再次使用“ahorita”来“回答”作者的问话。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“ahorita，”他又回答了一遍，脸上混杂着困惑和尴尬。A. relief欣慰；B. comfort安慰；C. panic惊恐；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据语境和上文中的“his face was a mix of confusion”可知，此处与“困惑”并列，结合语境，半小时过去了，作者再次询问冰淇淋的时候，在回答“ahorita”的同时，脸上应是混杂着困惑与“尴尬”符合语境。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很纠结。A. torn纠结的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. doubtful怀疑的；D. sure确信的。根据下文中的“Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but it was impolite to walk away if the ice-cream was now being delivered just for me.”可知，作者觉得再等下去是不愉快的事情，不等显得有些不礼貌，由此可知，作者很“纠结”。故选A项。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，这真的不是我的错。A. Hopefully满怀希望地；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Obviously显而易见地；D. Thankfully感激地。根据上文中的“But finally, after waiting too long, I made a rush for the nearest bus to take me home.”可知，最后，作者等了太久了，冲向了自己回家最近的公交车，这不是他的错，由此可知，此处作者指的是“显而易见”不是他的错。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我离开时，我向卖冰淇淋的人做了个手势，耸了耸肩，让他完全困惑。A. stared凝视；B. signaled示意；C. shouted大喊；D. aimed旨在。根据下文中的“at my wrist and shrugged to the ice-cream seller”可知，作者对着卖家耸了耸肩，由此可推断，此处指的是作者用肢体语言卖家交流，所以此处应是用手势“示意”卖家，符合语境。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我离开时，我向卖冰淇淋的人做了个手势，耸了耸肩，让他完全困惑。A. total完全的；B. modest谦虚的；C. unexpected出乎意料的；D. amazing惊奇的。根据上文中的“and his face was a mix of confusion and ____4____ .”可知，作者在这之前问过一次冰淇淋的事情，此处有使用肢体语言向卖家做了个手势，由此可推断，此时的卖家应该是“完全”困惑，符合语境。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段经历在我的记忆中逐渐淡去，直到多年后我回到墨西哥生活。A. remained仍然；B. faded逐渐消失；C. shone闪光；D. appeared出现。根据常识和下文中的“until years later when I came back to live in Mexico.”可知，经过多少年后，这段经历应该是“逐渐消失”符合语境。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现理解“ahorita”并不需要流利的语言，而是需要流利的文化。A. time时间；B. history历史；C. manners礼貌；D. fluency流利。根据语境和下文中的“but rather a fluency in the ____11____ .”可知，上下文为并列关系，此处指的是作者发现理解“ahorita”不需要语言的“流利”，此处为词汇复现。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现理解“ahorita”并不需要流利的语言，而是需要流利的文化。A. habit习惯；B. shopping购物；C. culture文化；D. time时期。根据常识和上文中的“I discovered that understanding “ahorita” took not a ____10____ in the language”可知，作者发现理解“ahorita”不需要语言的“流利”，结合but可知，此空与上文内容对应，“语言”对应的是“文化”，结合下文中的“When someone from Mexico says “ahorita,” it should almost never be taken literally (照字面地); its meaning ____12____ greatly with context.”可知， 当地人在说“ahorita”时，绝不是照字面意思理解，而是通过语境理解，所以这是一种语言“文化”的影响让作者产生了误解。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当墨西哥人说“ahorita”时，几乎不应该从字面上理解；它的意思因上下文而异。A. varies改变；B. grows成长；C. extends延伸；D. stays逗留。根据下文中的“greatly with context.”可知，“ahorita”的意思会随着语境不同而不断地“改变”符合语境。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如一位语言学家所解释的那样，“Ahorita可能意味着明天、一小时后、五年内或永远不会。”A. questions问询；B. expects期望；C. outlines概述；D. illustrates说明，阐述。根据下文中的“Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an hour, within five years or never.”可知，“ahorita”的意思可能是明天，一个小时，五年内甚至是永远都不会，由此可知，此处是语言学家做出的“解释”符合语境。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在拒绝别人的好意时，它甚至被用来礼貌地说“不，谢谢”。A. polite礼貌的；B. funny滑稽可笑的；C. amazing惊奇的；D. popular受欢迎的。根据语境和下文中的“saying “no, thanks” when refusing a(n) ____15____ .”可知，此处指的是在拒绝别人时说“不，谢谢”，由此可知，此处指的是“ahorita”甚至可以用来表达拒绝别人时的一种“礼貌的”方式。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在拒绝别人的提议时，它甚至被用来礼貌地说“不，谢谢”。A. application申请；B. design设计；C. offer提议；D. request请求。根据常识和上文中的“It is even used as a(n) ____14____ way of saying “no, thanks” when refusing…”可知，“ahorita”甚至可以用来表达拒绝别人时的一种礼貌用语，由此可知，你可以使用“ahorita”这种礼貌的方式去拒绝别人的“建议”，refuse an offer意为“拒绝好意”符合语境。故选C项。
第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese American Museum, ____51____ (locate) in down town Washington, 800 meters from the White House, is the only Chinese museum in Washington, DC, the United States.
Philip Qiu ____52____ founder of the Museum, said it was established to tell the story of Chinese people in America, highlight their contributions to the country ____53____ improve people’s understanding of Chinese-American culture.
Over the past few years, the museum ____54____ (devote) to collecting, preserving, researching and displaying the history and culture of Chinese Americans. It hopes to encourage Chinese Americans to show ____55____ (they) and tell and record their own stories and experiences in the US ____56____ (proud).
The museum has held more than 15 high quality exhibitions with different themes. The ____57____ (exhibit) include artworks from China and the US, antique documents, calligraphy and paintings and clothing, ____58____ (attract) more than 15,0000 visitors from all over the world.
____59____ (celebrate) the Chinese New Year, from the end of January to the beginning of February, the museum held the “Welcome to the New Year” lantern exhibition and Chinese New Year cultural display activities.
“I always believe that human civilization is like a big family, and the culture of every nation should be respected,” Qiu said, “Cultural exchanges like this will strengthen communication between people from the two countries and enhance _____60_____ (friend) relations.”
【答案】51. located
52. the 53. and
54. has been devoted
55. themselves
56. proudly
57. exhibits
58. attracting
59. To celebrate
60. friendly
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了美中博物馆的相关信息，包括其创始人、建馆目的、展览内容、举办的活动以及对中国新年的庆祝活动等。
【51题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：美中博物馆位于华盛顿市中心，距离白宫800米，是美国华盛顿特区唯一的中国博物馆。非谓语动词担当状语，主语“The Chinese American Museum”，和动词“locate”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填located。
【52题详解】
考查冠词。句意：该博物馆的创始人菲利普·邱说，它的建立是为了讲述美国华人的故事，突出他们对国家的贡献，提高人们对中美文化的了解。修饰可数名词单数“founder”，表示特指，用定冠词the。故填the。
【53题详解】
考查连词。句意：该博物馆的创始人菲利普·邱说，它的建立是为了讲述美国华人的故事，突出他们对国家的贡献，提高人们对中美文化的了解。空前“tell the story of Chinese people in America, highlight their contributions to the country”和空后“improve people’s understanding of Chinese-American culture”之间为并列关系，用连词and。故填and。
【54题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几年里，博物馆一直致力于收集、保存、研究和展示华裔美国人的历史和文化。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Over the past few years”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“the museum”，单数，和动词“devote”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填has been devoted。
【55题详解】
考查代词。句意：它希望鼓励华裔美国人骄傲地展示自己，讲述和记录自己在美国的故事和经历。根据句意可知，动词之后的宾语正是动作的逻辑主语，用反身代词。故填themselves。
56题详解】
考查副词。句意：它希望鼓励华裔美国人骄傲地展示自己，讲述和记录自己在美国的故事和经历。修饰动词用副词形式。故填proudly。
【57题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：展品包括来自中国和美国的艺术品、古董文献、书画和服装，吸引了来自世界各地的1.5万多名游客。分析句子成分，根据谓语动词“include”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填exhibits。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：展品包括来自中国和美国的艺术品、古董文献、书画和服装，吸引了来自世界各地的1.5万多名游客。非谓语动词担当状语，主语为“the exhibits”，和动词“attract”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填attracting。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为庆祝中国新年，从1月底到2月初，博物馆举办了“迎新年”彩灯展览和中国新年文化展示活动。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填To celebrate。
60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这样的文化交流将加强两国人民之间的沟通，增进友好关系。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰空后的名词。故填friendly。
第四部分 词汇基础 (共 20 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 20 分)
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或 1 个适当的介词。
61. They put an ____________(advertise) in ‘The Morning News’, offering a high salary for the right person.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】advertisement
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他们在《晨报》上登了一则广告，为合适的人提供高薪。根据空前“an”可知，所填应是可数名词单数形式。“advertise”，动词，意为“做广告”，其名词形式为“advertisement(广告)”，符合题意，在句中作动词“put”的宾语。故填advertisement。
62. Several ____________ (enthusiasm) young teachers have just started working at the school. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】enthusiastic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：几个热情的年轻教师刚刚开始在学校工作。空后“teachers”为名词，所以此处用形容词enthusiastic“热情的”，作定语。故填enthusiastic。
63. Anne left Germany in the ____________ (expect) of seeing her family again before very long. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】expectation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：安妮离开德国，期望不久能再见到她的家人。此处作介词宾语，应用名词expectation，构成短语in the expectation of 表示“期望……”故填expectation。
64. When it was first introduced, the electric car was described as one of the ten most ____________(innovate) products of the year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】innovative
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当它首次被推出时，电动汽车被描述为年度十大最具创新性的产品之一。修饰名词products应用形容词innovative，作定语。故填innovative。
65. One important ____________ (qualify) is life experience and sensitivity to the ideas of justice in different communities. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】qualification
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：一个重要的资格条件是生活经验和对不同社区的正义观念的敏感性。结合空前形容词“important”可知，此处应为名词作主语，qualify的名词为qualification意为“资格”，为可数名词，结合空前“one”所以此处应使用名词单数。故填qualification。
66. The authors endeavour to obtain specimens from as ____________ (vary) sources as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】various
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：作者努力从尽可能多的来源获得标本。修饰名词sources应用形容词various，作定语。故填various。
67. Investors took their money elsewhere, causing a far-reaching ____________ (economy) crisis. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】economic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：投资者将资金转移到别处，造成了一场影响深远的经济危机。空后为名词，所以此处用形容词作定语，修饰名词crisis，economy“经济”为名词，其形容词economic“经济的”符合题意，故填economic。
68. She is probably the most ____________ (influence) member of the finance committee. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】influential
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她可能是财政委员会中最有影响力的成员。修饰名词member应用形容词influential，作定语。故填influential。
69. Campaign funds have been used for ____________ (apparent) illegal activities. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】apparently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：竞选资金被用于明显的非法活动。修饰形容词illegal应用副词apparently，故填apparently。
70. Others factors can be, such as obesity, high alcohol ____________ (consume) and lack of exercise. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】consumption
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：其他因素也有可能，如肥胖、酗酒和缺乏锻炼。空处为名词，做such as的并列宾语，consumption意为“消耗，摄入”，不可数名词。故填consumption。
71. The convention brought money and media ____________ (expose) to this small city. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】exposure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这次大会给这个小城市带来了金钱和媒体曝光。根据句中“money and”可知，空处的词性应该和“money”的词性一致，所以空处用名词。expose“暴露，曝光”为动词，其名词形式为exposure，作宾语，不可数名词。故填exposure。
72. We can not answer the mystery of desire with descriptions of ____________ (biology) functioning. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】biological
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们无法用对生物功能的描述来回答欲望的奥秘。空后为名词，所以此处用形容词作定语，修饰名词functioning。biological“生物的”为形容词，故填biological。
73. Foot and mouth disease is caused by a highly ____________(infect) virus which animals either eat or inhale. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】infectious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：口蹄疫是由动物食用或吸入的一种传染性很强的病毒引起的。分析可知，所填应是形容词作定语，修饰名词“virus”。“infect”，动词，意为“传染，感染”，其形容词形式为“infectious(传染性的；易传染的)”，可用来修饰“病毒”，符合语境。故填infectious。
74. Because of the snow, many parts of the countryside are only ____________ (access) by helicopter. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】accessible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于下大雪，农村的许多地方只能坐直升机才能到达。空处作表语，应用应用形容词，accessible“可到达的，可进入的”，形容词。故填accessible。
75. But her ____________ (steel) determination to make her way in a cruel world has done its own damage. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】steely
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：但她在这个残酷的世界中求生的钢铁般的决心也造成了伤害。修饰名词determination应用形容词steely，作定语。故填steely。
76. Governments should be encouraged to get rid ____________ all nuclear weapons.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：应该鼓励各国政府消除所有核武器。 get rid of“消除”，固定短语，故填of。
77. The book contrasts modern civilization with the ideal of the noble savage who lived ____________ harmony with nature. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：这本书将现代文明与自然和谐相处的高贵野蛮人的理想作了对比。in harmony with与……和谐。根据句意，故填in。
78. If you’re not careful, you can wave goodbye____________ any pay rise this year. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：如果你不小心的话，你可能会和今年的任何加薪说再见了。wave goodbye to挥手告别；向……说再见。根据句意，故填to。
79. ____________ mature reflection we have decided to decline their offer. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】After
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：经过成熟的考虑，我们决定拒绝他们的提议。根据空格后的名词动词mature reflection分析句子可知，空格处应该填入介词引导时间状语，after为介词，意为“在……之后”，after reflection“经再三考虑”，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填After。
80. His position as leader will be ____________ threat at a party congress due next month. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】under
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：在下个月召开的党代会上，他的领导地位将受到威胁。under threat“受到威胁”。根据句意，故填under。
第五部分 应用文写作 (满分 15 分)
81. 假定你是李华，得知某英文网站正在招聘一名兼职摄影师，你很感兴趣。请用英语写一封求职信，内容主要包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 致谢并表达希望。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir /Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
Learning from the website that you are looking for a part-time photographer, I would like to apply for the position.
I think I’m fit for the job. As a photography lover, not only do I have a great passion for taking photos, but also I took a course to update my skills. Besides, I once worked as a photographer for our school newspaper. So I’m confident that I’m equal to the job.
I would appreciate it if you would take my application into consideration. I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给某英文网站写一封求职信，应征兼职摄影师。
【详解】1.词汇积累
寻找：look for→search for
适合的：fit→suitable
热情：passion→enthusiasm
此外：besides→what’s more
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Besides, I once worked as a photographer for our school newspaper. So I’m confident that I’m equal to the job.
拓展句：Besides, because I once worked as a photographer for our school newspaper, I’m confident that I’m equal to the job.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As a photography lover, not only do I have a great passion for taking photos, but also I took a course to update my skills. (运用了部分倒装)
【高分句型2】I would appreciate it if you would take my application into consideration. (运用了虚拟语气)
