2024届高三统一考试试题
英 语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Go to the playground.
B. Get out of the elevator.
C. Stop jumping in the elevator.
2. What will happen about the city center
A. There will be more pollution.
B. There will be more bicycle tracks.
C. There will be more parking areas.
3. How will the woman pay
A. In cash. B. By check. C. By credit card.
4. Why is the woman unsatisfied with the fish
A. It tastes terrible.
B. It is served too late.
C. It’s not what she ordered.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a restaurant. B. In a theatre. C. At a gas station.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who does the man want to speak to
A. Mary Jones. B. Jack Stewart. C. David Bowie.
7. When will the training course start
A. On June 12th. B. On July 12th. C. On July 22nd.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How much is the rent for the extra large tent per day
A. $10. B. $50. C. $60.
9. What will the man do next
A. Reserve a tent.
B. Look for a camping site.
C. Change her camping plan.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When will the man tour the campus
A. On Monday morning. B. On Monday afternoon. C. On Tuesday afternoon.
11. Which year of college are the speakers probably in now
A. The first year. B. The second year. C. The third year.
12. What activity will the man take part in on Tuesday morning
A. Careers Lecture. B. Student Union Induction. C. Library Tour.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What position is the man applying for
A. A music teacher. B. A radio host. C. A TV producer.
14. What does the man say about sending e-mails
A. He is good at it.
B. He needs time to practice.
C. He prefers making phone calls.
15. What does the job involve according to the woman
A. A lot of traffic. B. Getting up early. C. Dealing with complaints.
16. Who appears in the man’s reference list
A. His former boss. B. His former classmate. C. His former colleague.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When will the race be held this year
A. On May 11th. B. On May 23rd. C. On May 24th.
18. Where does the race start
A. At the football ground.
B. On the north side of the park.
C. At the main entrance of the park.
19. What can every runner get this year
A. A T-shirt. B. A water bottle. C. A pair of running shoes.
20. Who can run in the race free of charge
A. Children between 8 and 15.
B. Children under the age of 8.
C. Adults who have registered in advance.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A, BC, D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here are four cities that are great for winter travel.
Quebec City, Canada
Quebec City is one of the oldest cities in North America. In the winter, it is covered in a thick blanket of snow, creating beautiful winter scenery. Visitors can explore the Quebec City castle, the streets of the old town, and ancient churches. You can also try winter activities such as skiing, ice-skating, and dog-sledding.
Helsinki, Finland
Helsinki, the capital of Finland, turns into a fairy tale-like city in the winter. You can take a walk along the frozen coast of the Baltic Sea, visit St. Nicholas’ Anglican Church and the National Museum of Finland, and indulge in the pleasure of tasting candy and hot chocolate in warm cafes. Additionally, you can experience the wonders of the Arctic Circle nearby in Lapland, including chasing the northern lights, reindeer sledding, and visiting Santa Claus Village.
Innsbruck, Austria
Innsbruck is situated in the Alps and is a winter sports destination. The city is famous for its magnificent mountain scenery and world-class ski resorts. Visitors can enjoy the medieval architecture in the city center, ski at the Olympic ski resort, or watch ski jumping competitions at the ski jumping venue.
Lausanne, Switzerland
Lausanne is a city in the French-speaking region of Switzerland, located on the shores of Lake Geneva. The city boasts charming lake views and snow-capped mountain backgrounds, making it an ideal winter vacation destination. You can take a stroll along the lakeside promenade, visit the Olympic Museum, or sample Swiss cuisine such as chocolate and cheese fondue. Additionally, Lausanne has some famous ski resorts, such as Les Diablerets and Villars.
1 What can visitors do in Quebec City during the winter
A. Visit the famous chocolate factory.
B. Explore Santa Claus Village.
C. Appreciate the old buildings.
D. Walking along the beautiful beach.
2. Which city will be the first choice if one wants to see the Arctic landscape
A. Quebec City. B. Helsinki. C. Innsbruck. D. Lausanne.
3. What do the last two cities have in common
A. They have famous ski resorts.
B. They have world-famous museums.
C. They are located on the shores of lakes.
D. They are famous for the Olympic Games.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个非常适合冬季旅行的城市。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Quebec City, Canada部分“Quebec City is one of the oldest cities in North America. In the winter, it is covered in a thick blanket of snow, creating beautiful winter scenery. Visitors can explore the Quebec City castle, the streets of the old town, and ancient churches. You can also try winter activities such as skiing, ice-skating, and dog-sledding. (魁北克市是北美最古老的城市之一。在冬天，它被厚厚的雪毯覆盖，创造了美丽的冬季风景。游客可以探索魁北克城的城堡、老城区的街道和古老的教堂。你也可以尝试一些冬季活动，比如滑雪、滑冰和狗拉雪橇。)”可知，冬天游客在Quebec能欣赏那些古老的建筑。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Helsinki, Finland部分中“Additionally, you can experience the wonders of the Arctic Circle nearby in Lapland, including chasing the northern lights, reindeer sledding, and visiting Santa Claus Village. (此外，您还可以在拉普兰附近体验北极圈奇观，包括追逐北极光、驯鹿雪橇和参观圣诞老人村。)”可知，如果想看北极景观，Helsinki将是首选。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由文章Innsbruck, Austria部分中“The city is famous for its magnificent mountain scenery and world-class ski resorts. (这座城市以其壮丽的山景和世界级的滑雪胜地而闻名。)”和Lausanne, Switzerland部分中“Additionally, Lausanne has some famous ski resorts, such as Les Diablerets and Villars.(此外，洛桑还有一些著名的滑雪胜地，如Les Diableets和Villars。)”可知，最后两个城市都有著名的滑雪胜地。故选A。
B
Creighton is no stranger to the media. He was the face of a TV series, which remains popular for its behind-the-scenes look at the ups and downs of zoo life. He was often stopped on the street, and is regularly called “the man from the zoo”.
Creighton’s father and his brother also worked at Dublin Zoo. “I don’t ever remember not being in the zoo,” he said.
Creighton’s passion for animal welfare is clear, and not something that has reduced over the years-for him, or his father. Just a few hours earlier he was at the vet’s with his father where their 15-year-old German shepherd had to be put to sleep. “For any zookeeper, losing an animal is like losing a part of yourself,” said Creighton. He has been present for the euthanasia of an old lion, which reduced many zookeepers there to tears. He was present for the death of a chimpanzee in her 50s who both Creighton and his father had cared for over the years. He also described the death of a rhino, which escaped from a transport container in 1996, as something gut-wrenching.
In January 2021, he left Dublin Zoo and started his own consultancy agency, Global Elephant Care. He is working on developing elephant care and enclosures (围场) in France, the UK, the US, Israel, Australia and the United Arab Emirates, where elephants will have air conditioning to save them from the 50-degree heat. He is also working on projects to manage the gradual release of elephants back into the wild, but nevertheless talks straightly about their situation. There are about 40,000 Asian elephants left in the world. In an hour, there will probably be five or six African elephants killed for their ivory.
Despite the cruel reality for elephants around the world, with increasing human encroachment (侵占) on their natural habitat, Creighton faces it with a smile.
4. Why is Creighton familiar to media
A. He was involved in a TV program.
B. He filmed a documentary on the people.
C. He posted his work life in the zoo online.
D. He was the zookeeper of the popular zoo.
5. What does the underlined word “gut-wrenching” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Too proud. B. Greatly cheerful.
C. Quite helpless. D. Extremely upset.
6. What is Creighton’s purpose of establishing Global Elephant Care
A. To raise money to help elephants.
B. To guarantee the elephants’ welfare.
C. To manage the elephants in the wild.
D. To improve elephants’ living conditions.
7. What can be used to describe Creighton
A. Efficient and just. B. Sociable and loyal.
C. Caring and optimistic. D. Sensitive and mean.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了克里顿这位前动物园工作人员的故事，以及他对动物福祉的深厚情感和他在动物保护方面的工作。
4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Creighton is no stranger to the media. He was the face of a TV series, which remains popular for its behind-the-scenes look at the ups and downs of zoo life.(克里顿对媒体并不陌生，他曾经是某电视剧的主角，该剧通过幕后的视角展示了动物园生活的起起伏伏，至今仍然很受欢迎)”可知，克里顿对媒体并不陌生的原因是他曾经参加过一个电视节目，故选A项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词上文“He has been present for the euthanasia of an old lion, which reduced many zookeepers there to tears. He was present for the death of a chimpanzee in her 50s who both Creighton and his father had cared for over the years. He also described the death of a rhino, which escaped from a transport container in 1996, as(他目睹了一头老狮子的安乐死，这让那里的许多动物园管理员都流下了眼泪。一只50多岁的黑猩猩去世时，克雷顿和他的父亲多年来一直在照顾它。他还将1996年一头从运输集装箱中逃脱的犀牛的死亡描述为)”可知，犀牛从从运输集装箱中逃脱后死亡，这让克里顿感到很难过。由此推知，第三段划线部分的含义为“非常难过的”。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“He is working on developing elephant care and enclosures (围场) in France, the UK, the US, Israel, Australia and the United Arab Emirates, where elephants will have air conditioning to save them from the 50-degree heat. He is also working on projects to manage the gradual release of elephants back into the wild.(他正在法国、英国、美国、以色列、澳大利亚和阿联酋等地致力于大象护理和圈养设施的发展，在这些地方，大象将拥有空调以抵御高达50度的酷热。他还致力于开展逐步释放大象回归野外项目的管理工作)”可推知，建立全球大象护理中心的目的是为了确保大象的福祉，故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“He is working on developing elephant care and enclosures (围场) in France, the UK, the US, Israel, Australia and the United Arab Emirates, where elephants will have air conditioning to save them from the 50-degree heat. He is also working on projects to manage the gradual release of elephants back into the wild.(他正在法国、英国、美国、以色列、澳大利亚和阿联酋等地致力于大象护理和圈养设施的发展，在这些地方，大象将拥有空调以抵御高达50度的酷热。他还致力于开展逐步释放大象回归野外项目的管理工作)”可推知，克里顿是一个有关爱之心的人。根据最后一段“Despite the cruel reality for elephants around the world, with increasing human encroachment (侵占) on their natural habitat, Creighton faces it with a smile.(尽管世界各地的大象面临着残酷的现实，随着人类对其自然栖息地的日益侵占，克里顿还是微笑着面对)”可推知，克里顿是一个乐观的人。故选C项。
C
A new study by researchers at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and the University of Victoria has shown that common levels of traffic pollution can damage human brain function in only a matter of hours.
“For many decades, scientists thought the brain may be protected from the harmful effects of air pollution,” said senior study author Dr. Chris Carlsten. “This study, which is the first of its kind in the world, provides fresh evidence supporting a connection between air pollution and cognition.”
For the study, the researchers briefly exposed 25 healthy adults to diesel exhaust (柴油废气) and filtered air at different times in a laboratory setting. Brain activity was measured before and after each exposure using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
The researchers analyzed changes in the brain’s default mode network (DMN) , a set of inter-connected brain regions that play an important role in memory and internal thought. The fMRI revealed that participants had decreased functional connectivity in widespread regions of the DMN after exposure to diesel exhaust, compared to filtered air.
“We know that altered functional connectivity in the DMN has been associated with reduced cognitive performance and symptoms of depression, so it’s concerning to see traffic pollution interrupting these same networks,” said Dr. Jodie Gawryluk, a psychology professor at the University of Victoria and the study’s first author. “While more research is needed to fully understand the functional impacts of these changes, it’s possible that they may impair (损害) people’s thinking or ability to work.”
Notably, the changes in the brain were temporary and participants’ connectivity returned to normal after the exposure. Dr. Carlsten assumed that the effects could be long lasting where exposure is continuous. He said that people should be mindful of the air they’re breathing and take appropriate steps to minimize their exposure to potentially harmful air pollutants like car exhaust.
8. How does traffic pollution affect people according to the study
A. Exhausting their body. B. Decreasing their income.
C. Endangering their safety. D. Harming their brain function.
9. What may the DMN be responsible for
A. Growth. B. Sport. C. Memory. D. Behaviour.
10. What can people do to reduce the impact according to Dr. Carlsten
A. Avoid being exposed to the polluted air constantly.
B. Be mindful of the air quality in a new city.
C. Measure the brain activity in laboratories.
D. Stay inside a house as often as possible.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. A Role Of Brain Will Be Ruined
B. Traffic Pollution May Impair Brain Function
C. A Famous UK University Did A Vital Study
D. A Source Of Pollution Has Drawn People’s Attention
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究，该研究表明普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“A new study by researchers at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and the University of Victoria has shown that common levels of traffic pollution can damage human brain function in only a matter of hours. (英属哥伦比亚大学(UBC)和维多利亚大学的研究人员进行的一项新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。)”可知，交通污染会损害人们的大脑功能。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段“The researchers analyzed changes in the brain’s default mode network (DMN) , a set of inter-connected brain regions that play an important role in memory and internal thought. The fMRI revealed that participants had decreased functional connectivity in widespread regions of the DMN after exposure to diesel exhaust, compared to filtered air. (研究人员分析了大脑默认模式网络(DMN)的变化，这是一组相互连接的大脑区域，在记忆和内部思维中起着重要作用。功能磁共振成像显示，与过滤空气相比，接触柴油废气后，参与者DMN广泛区域的功能连通性下降。)”可知，DMN可能负责记忆。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Dr. Carlsten assumed that the effects could be long lasting where exposure is continuous. He said that people should be mindful of the air they’re breathing and take appropriate steps to minimize their exposure to potentially harmful air pollutants like car exhaust. ( Carlsten博士认为，如果持续接触，这种影响可能会持续很长时间。他说，人们应该注意自己呼吸的空气，并采取适当措施，尽量减少接触汽车尾气等潜在有害空气污染物。)”可知， Carlsten博士认为，人们可以避免经常暴露在被污染的空气中来减少影响。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“A new study by researchers at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and the University of Victoria has shown that common levels of traffic pollution can damage human brain function in only a matter of hours. (英属哥伦比亚大学(UBC)和维多利亚大学的研究人员进行的一项新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新研究，该研究表明普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。故选B。
D
In recent years, studies have suggested how the bisphenol A (BPA) in some food-packaging plastics has been linked to various health problems including heart disease and developmental difficulties in children. Scientists are thus developing a more harmless alternative, and it’s made from tomato waste which would otherwise be got rid of.
However, BPA is still widely used in the plastic coatings which are applied to the inside of metal food packaging such as cans. These smooth waterproof coatings help protect the metal from corrosion (腐蚀), plus they keep the food from sticking to the inside of the container.
Building on previous studies, an international team has researched a type of agricultural waste known as tomato pomace. This material typically consists of tomato skins, seeds and stems, which are left over after the fruits have been processed for use in foods such as sauces or juices. Ordinarily, the pomace is simply dumped in a landfill, burned, or at best composted. It may also be used in animal feed, although it doesn’t have much nutritional value.
The scientists started by drying tomato pomace — first in the sun for three days, then in a 60℃ oven for 16 hours — after which they grounded it into a powder. That powder was subsequently mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution (溶液), which was then heated at 100℃ for four hours. After repeatedly filtering that solution to remove the sodium hydroxide, the researchers were left a lipid. That lipid was then mixed into an ethyl alcohol solution which was sprayed onto samples of some metal. Once the spray had dried and the samples had been heated in a 200℃ oven for 10 to 60 minutes, the result was a polymerized lacquer coating which proved to be very effective at protecting the metal.
The scientists now plan on testing the coating on actual cans. “We would take tomato sauce, and other foods that are usually sold in cans, and we would sterilize them, put them in tins and check if they withstand real conditions,” said a scientist.
12. Which of the following is the most likely to use the plastic coating
A. A pot full of water.
B. A cup filled with coffee.
C. A tin containing apple juice.
D. An iron box stuffed with packaged food.
13. What do we know about tomato pomace
A. It’s used as animal’s food with rich nutrition.
B. It has been used in the plastic coatings.
C. People use it to make sauce or juice.
D. People usually treat it in many ways.
14. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4
A. How the new coating is created. B. Why heating is important.
C. Why high temperature is needed. D. What other materials are included.
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To present a scientific study. B. To introduce a new material.
C. To show a complex process. D. To teach an actual test.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了传统含有双酚A的涂层会引发健康问题，因此科学家们使用番茄渣制成了一种新型涂层，以解决该问题，接下来研究人员会对该材料展开进一步的测试。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“However, BPA is still widely used in the plastic coatings which are applied to the inside of metal food packaging such as cans. These smooth waterproof coatings help protect the metal from corrosion (腐蚀), plus they keep the food from sticking to the inside of the container. (然而，双酚A仍被广泛应用于如罐头等金属食品包装内部的塑料涂层。这些光滑的防水涂层有助于保护金属免受腐蚀，还可以防止食物粘在容器内部)”可知，这种塑料涂层是用在如罐头等金属食品包装内部，保护金属免受腐蚀，再结合选项可知，C项“装有苹果汁的罐头”最有可能使用这种涂层。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ordinarily, the pomace is simply dumped in a landfill, burned, or at best composted. It may also be used in animal feed, although it doesn’t have much nutritional value. (通常情况下，番茄渣被简单地倾倒在垃圾填埋场，燃烧，或者最好用于堆肥。它也可以用于动物饲料，尽管它没有太多的营养价值)”可知，番茄渣的处理方式包括：当作垃圾被填埋、燃烧、制作堆肥、制成动物饲料。由此可知，人们通常以多种方式处理它。故选D项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The scientists started by drying tomato pomace — first in the sun for three days, then in a 60℃ oven for 16 hours — after which they grounded it into a powder. That powder was subsequently mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution (溶液), which was then heated at 100℃ for four hours. After repeatedly filtering that solution to remove the sodium hydroxide, the researchers were left a lipid. That lipid was then mixed into an ethyl alcohol solution which was sprayed onto samples of some metal. Once the spray had dried and the samples had been heated in a 200℃ oven for 10 to 60 minutes, the result was a polymerized lacquer coating which proved to be very effective at protecting the metal. (科学家们首先将番茄渣晒干——首先在阳光下晒三天，然后在60℃的烤箱里烘烤16个小时——然后将其磨成粉末。随后将粉末与氢氧化钠溶液混合，然后在100℃下加热4小时。在反复过滤该溶液以去除氢氧化钠后，研究人员得到了一种脂质。然后将脂质混合到乙醇溶液中，再将乙醇溶液喷洒到一些金属样品上。一旦喷雾干燥，样品在20℃的烤箱中加热10到60分钟，成果是聚合漆涂层，被证明对保护金属非常有效)”可知，本段具体介绍了科学家们处理番茄渣，将其制成新涂层材料的操作步骤。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Scientists are thus developing a more harmless alternative, and it’s made from tomato waste which would otherwise be got rid of. (因此，科学家们正在开发一种更无害的替代品，它是由番茄渣制成的，否则这些废弃物就会被处理掉)”可知，文章主要围绕科学家们使用番茄渣制成的一种新型涂层展开，介绍了传统的含有双酚A的涂层会引发健康问题的背景情况，番茄渣这种材料的传统处理方式，并描述了这种新型涂层的制作步骤和效果，以及进一步的研究方向。由此可知，文章的目的是介绍一种新涂层材料。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cultivating gratitude requires effort and a commitment to change. The following exercises can help you take on a grateful outlook.
Practice mindfulness
____16____. Tap into your senses and let your mind linger (逗留) on pleasant, everyday sensations. Focus on the taste of a ripe strawberry, for example, the feeling of the sun on your skin, or the gentle sound of background music. This can help ground you in the present, pulling you away from worrying.
Keep a gratitude journal
There are many ways to create a gratitude journal. First, decide if you want to keep a physical journal that you write in or a digital list on your phone or computer. ____17____. You can update the journal on a weekly basis, ending the week by putting down three or four moments that you appreciated.
____18____
Build relationships by writing thank-you letters to people in your life. Go into detail about treasured memories from your relationship. Write about the positive effect they’ve had on your life. When you’re done, you can mail or deliver the letters in person.
Revisit and reframe past events
Most of us can recall past events that we regret. ____19____. Although they may have led to disappointment, shame or even heartbreak, you’ve likely also learned something from these experiences.
While these gratitude exercises can give your mood and outlook a welcome boost, it can take time for them to impact your mental health and overall well-being. Be patient and continue practicing gratitude. Turn the exercises into little rituals. In time, you may notice your stress levels drop and relationships strengthen. ____20____.
A. Write notes of appreciation
B. List what deserves appreciation
C. A little gratitude can do harm to your mood
D. Then, you’ll have even more reasons to be grateful
E. Then, consider how often you’ll update the journal
F. It could be anything from a failure to anger at a close friend
G. Enjoying little moments in your life can be a way to cultivate gratitude
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了培养感恩之心的几种方法。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Tap into your senses and let your mind linger (逗留) on pleasant, everyday sensations. Focus on the taste of a ripe strawberry, for example, the feeling of the sun on your skin, or the gentle sound of background music. This can help ground you in the present, pulling you away from worrying.( 调动你的感官，让你的思维停留在愉快的、日常的感觉上。把注意力集中在成熟草莓的味道上，比如，阳光照在皮肤上的感觉，或者背景音乐柔和的声音。这可以帮助你立足于当下，让你远离担忧。)”可知，此处讲述要享受生活中的片刻时光，立足当下，G项“享受生活中的片刻时光是培养感恩之心的一种方式”符合语境，呼应标题Practice mindfulness“练习正念”。故选G。
【17题详解】
上文“First, decide if you want to keep a physical journal that you write in or a digital list on your phone or computer.(首先,决定你是想写一本实体日记,还是在手机或电脑上写一个数字列表)”讲述了首先要做的事情，选择写实体日记还是数字的，E项“然后，考虑一下你多久更新一次日记”符合语境。说明接下来要做的事情，first…then…，表示顺序。故选E。
【18题详解】
通读本段内容“Build relationships by writing thank-you letters to people in your life. Go into detail about treasured memories from your relationship. Write about the positive effect they’ve had on your life. When you’re done, you can mail or deliver the letters in person.(通过给你生活中的人写感谢信来建立人际关系。详细谈谈你们关系中的珍贵回忆。写下他们对你生活的积极影响。当你完成后，你可以亲自邮寄或递送信件。)”可知，本段介绍的培养感恩之心的方法是写感谢信，所以 A项“写感谢信”是本段的小标题。故选A。
【19题详解】
上文“Most of us can recall past events that we regret.(我们大多数人都能回忆起令我们后悔的往事。)”讲述到让我们感到后悔的事情，F项“它可以是任何事,从失败到对好朋友发火”符合语境，具体阐述一些令人后悔的事情。故选F。
【20题详解】
上文“Be patient and continue practicing gratitude. Turn the exercises into little rituals. In time, you may notice your stress levels drop and relationships strengthen.(要有耐心,继续练习感恩。把练习变成习惯。假以时日,你可能会发现自己的压力水平下降了,人际关系也得到了加强)”说明练习感恩，变成习惯，假以时日就会感到压力下降，人际关系得到加强，因此推断D项“然后，你会有更多的理由去感恩”)符合语境，对前文进行总结。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B, C, D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When we think of a grocery store, we usually picture aisles of food and everyday necessities. But sometimes, it’s also where unexpected ____21____ are formed, turning a simple store into a backdrop for heartwarming human connections.
Ellie Walker, ____22____ at a British grocery store, was known for her friendly demeanor. Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers but never ____23____ how deeply these interactions could impact her life.
It was during one of these ____24____ conversations that Ellie encountered Edwin Holmes, an elderly regular customer, who ____25____ that he had no one to spend Christmas with.
This revelation ____26____ a chord in Ellie’s heart, as she couldn’t bear the thought of Edwin spending the festive season alone.
Edwin had lost his wife in 2006 after 45 years of marriage. His family, including a daughter and grandchildren, lived in Australia, making it ____27____ for them to be together during the holidays. This left Edwin facing the prospect of a ____28____ Christmas.
Upset about Edwin’s situation. Ellie decided to ____29____ a gesture of kindness. She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal, hoping to ____30____ a memorable and joyous experience for both of them.
“I thought, if it was my granddad and he was alone, I would want someone to talk to him.” Ellie’s invitation to Edwin was more than just a kind ____31____ it was a start of their friendship.
From that memorable Christmas dinner, a beautiful friendship ____32____. Ellie and Edwin began meeting regularly for coffee, sharing stories and enjoying each other’s ____33____.
Their relationship, which started with ____34____ conversations in a grocery store, had ____35____ a meaningful and enduring friendship.
21. A. techniques B. bonds C. ideas D. steps
22. A. candidate B. participant C. employee D. volunteer
23. A. planned B. meant C. argued D. anticipated
24. A. routine B. positive C. bitter D. amusing
25. A. agreed B. revealed C. requested D. debated
26. A. charged B. outgrew C. struck D. overlooked
27. A. cautious B. impossible C. competitive D. sympathetic
28. A. lonely B. warm C. shared D. delightful
29. A. extend B. command C. discipline D. assign
30. A. allow B. beg C. remind D. create
31. A. fear B. prejudice C. gesture D. temptation
32. A. conducted B. stressed C. blossomed D. remembered
33. A. company B. comfort C. entertainment D. leisure
34. A. delicate B. casual C. difficult D. potential
35. A. put about B. taken in C. struggled for D. grown into
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从杂货店里的随意交谈开始，艾莉和老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯发展了一段有意义和持久的友谊。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有时，它也是意想不到的纽带形成的地方，把一个简单的商店变成了温暖人心的人际关系的背景。A. techniques技术；B. bonds纽带；C. ideas想法；D. steps台阶。根据后文的“turning a simple store into a backdrop for heartwarming human connections.”和后文“had 15 a meaningful and enduring friendship.”可知，它也是意想不到的纽带形成的地方，这个地方促使两人友谊纽带的产生。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾丽·沃克是英国一家杂货店的员工，她以友好的举止而闻名。A. candidate候选人；B. participant参与者；C. employee员工；D. volunteer志愿者。根据后文的“Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers”可知，艾莉喜欢每天与顾客聊天，所以艾丽·沃克是英国一家杂货店的员工。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾莉喜欢每天与顾客聊天，但从未预料到这些互动会对她的生活产生如此深远的影响。A. planned计划；B. meant打算；C. argued争辩；D. anticipated预料。根据后文的“how deeply these interactions could impact her life”和后文“Their relationship, which started with 14 conversations in a grocery store, had 15 a meaningful and enduring friendship.”可知，艾莉从未预料到这些互动会对她的生活产生如此深远的影响，从未预料到艾莉和老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯的关系从杂货店里的随意交谈开始，发展成为一段有意义和持久的友谊。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在一次平常的谈话中，艾莉遇到了老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯，他透露自己没有人陪他过圣诞节。A. routine平常的；B. positive积极乐观的；C. bitter苦的；D. amusing有趣的。根据前文的“Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers”可知，艾莉喜欢每天与顾客聊天，所以这也是一次平常的谈话。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在一次平常的谈话中，艾莉遇到了老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯，他透露自己没有人陪他过圣诞节。A. agreed同意；B. revealed透露；C. requested请求；D. debated辩论。根据后文的“that he had no one to spend Christmas with”可知，老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯透露了自己的私人情况，即没有人陪他过圣诞节。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个透露触动了艾莉的心弦，因为她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日的想法。A. charged指控；B. outgrew超过；C. struck引起（强烈感情）；D. overlooked忽视。根据前文的“a chord in Ellie’s heart”可知，这个透露触动了艾莉的心弦。struck a chord“触动心弦，激起了共鸣”。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的家人，包括一个女儿和孙子孙女，都住在澳大利亚，这使得他们在假期里不可能在一起。A. cautious谨慎的；B. impossible不可能的；C. competitive有竞争力的；D. sympathetic同情的。根据前文的“His family, including a daughter and grandchildren, lived in Australia”和后文“together during the holidays”可知，亲人都住在澳大利亚，这使得他们在假期里不可能在一起。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让埃德温面临着一个孤独的圣诞节。A. lonely孤独的；B. warm温暖的；C. shared共有的；D. delightful使人快乐的。根据前文的“he had no one to spend Christmas with”和“His family, including a daughter and grandchildren, lived in Australia, making it 7 for them to be together during the holidays.”可知，没有人陪他过圣诞节，这让埃德温面临着一个孤独的圣诞节。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对埃德温的情况感到不安。埃莉决定提供一个友好的姿态。A. extend提供；B. command命令；C. discipline训练；D. assign分配。根据后文的“She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal”可知，她邀请他和她一起吃圣诞大餐，埃莉提供了一个友好的姿态。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她邀请他和她一起吃圣诞大餐，希望为他们俩创造一个难忘而快乐的经历。A. allow允许；B. beg乞求；C. remind提醒；D. create创造。根据前文的“She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal”和后文“a memorable and joyous experience for both of them”可知，她邀请他和她一起吃圣诞大餐，从而创造一个难忘而快乐的经历。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾莉对埃德温的邀请不仅仅是一种友好的姿态，也是他们友谊的开始。A. fear害怕；B. prejudice偏见；C. gesture姿态；D. temptation引诱。根据前文的“Ellie’s invitation to Edwin”可知，艾莉对埃德温的邀请不仅仅是一种友好的姿态。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那次难忘的圣诞晚餐开始，一段美好的友谊开始了。A. conducted进行；B. stressed强调；C. blossomed成功发展；D. remembered记住。根据前文的“From that memorable Christmas dinner, a beautiful friendship”可知，从她邀请他和她一起吃圣诞大餐开始，他们的友谊也开始发展了。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃莉和埃德温开始定期见面喝咖啡，分享故事，享受彼此的陪伴。A. company陪伴；B. comfort舒适；C. entertainment娱乐；D. leisure闲暇。根据前文的“Ellie and Edwin began meeting regularly for coffee, sharing stories”可知，埃莉和埃德温开始定期见面喝咖啡，分享故事，这是他们彼此的陪伴。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的关系从杂货店里的随意交谈开始，已经发展成为一段有意义和持久的友谊。A. delicate精致的；B. casual随意的；C. difficult困难的；D. potential潜在的。根据前文的“It was during one of these 4 conversations that Ellie encountered Edwin Holmes, an elderly regular customer, who 5 that he had no one to spend Christmas with.”和后文“conversations in a grocery store”可知，他们的关系从一次平常的谈话中，老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯透露自己没有人陪他过圣诞节开始，从杂货店里的随意交谈开始。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们的关系从杂货店里的随意交谈开始，已经发展成为一段有意义和持久的友谊。A. put about谈论；B. taken in理解；C. struggled for为……而斗争；D. grown into成长为。根据前文的“ started with 14 conversations”和后文“a meaningful and enduring friendship”可知，他们的关系从杂货店里的随意交谈开始，发展成为友谊。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Using a three-dimensional (3-D) transmission electron microscopy technique, a group of Chinese scientists have discovered a new phenomenon in the deformation (变形) of nanometals, which will help improve material design and engineering applications.
Huang Xiaoxu, a world-renowned scientist in the field of materials science, ____36____ (lead) a team at the College of Materials Science and Engineering of Chongqing University and its cooperators, created the world’s first 3-D microscopy technique system ____37____ tracked the rotations of individual grains in a nanograined nickel before and after in situ nanomechanical testing. The testing enables the observation of how the materials respond to applied stress in ____38____ (they) native state, which is fundamental to understand their mechanical ____39____ (property), said the research.
They found that the nanosized grains sometimes experience lattice rotations different from the ____40____ (theory) prediction. This unexpected lattice rotation occurs more often in the larger grains and is due to a phenomenon ____41____ (call) back stress, which generates the rotation.
Huang Xiaoxu’s team ____42____ (develop) 3-D microscopy techniques over the past 10 years. The microscopy is equipped ____43____ self-developed controlling hardware and software to enhance the efficiency of image collection and processing.
“In the past, with conventional microscopy, scientists could only observe the material deformation in a two-dimensional way, ____44____ often led to incomplete or even misleading results,” said Huang. “Now we can ____45____ (eventual) observe the deformation in 3-D, and our first finding using the technique.”
【答案】36. leading
37. and 38. their
39. properties
40. theoretical
41. called 42. has been developing
43. with 44. which
45. eventually
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了利用三维透射电子显微镜技术，一组中国科学家发现了纳米金属变形的新现象，文章详述了该发现的意义。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：黄晓旭是世界知名的材料科学科学家，他带领重庆大学材料科学与工程学院的团队及其合作者，创造了世界上第一个三维显微技术系统，该系统可以在原位纳米力学测试前后跟踪纳米镍中单个颗粒的旋转。本句谓语为created，此处应用非谓语动词，且Huang Xiaoxu与lead“带领”为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填leading。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：世界知名的材料科学科学家黄晓旭带领重庆大学材料科学与工程学院的团队及其合作者，创造了世界上第一个三维显微技术系统，并在原位纳米力学测试前后跟踪了纳米颗粒镍中单个颗粒的旋转。分析句子结构可知，空前的“created the world’s first 3-D microscopy technique system”和空后的“tracked the rotations of individual grains in a nanograined nickel before and after in situ nanomechanical testing”为并列关系，本空用连词and连接。故填and。
【38题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：研究人员表示，该测试可以观察到材料在其原始状态下对施加应力的反应，这是了解其机械性能的基础。此处使用形容词性物主代词their“它们的”，作定语，修饰native state。故填their。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：研究人员表示，该测试可以观察到材料在其原始状态下对施加应力的反应，这是了解其机械性能的基础。property“性质，特性”。结合句意和空前的their可知，特性不止一个，此处使用名词property复数形式，作understand的宾语。故填properties。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们发现，纳米颗粒有时会经历与理论预测不同的晶格旋转。此处使用形容词theoretical“理论的”，作定语，修饰名词prediction。故填theoretical。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这种意想不到的晶格旋转更常发生在较大的颗粒中，这是由于一种叫做背应力的现象，它产生了旋转。本句谓语为occurs和is due to，此处应用非谓语动词，且phenomenon 与call“称呼，给……命名”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填called。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在过去的10年里，黄晓旭的团队一直在开发3D显微镜技术。结合时间状语over the past 10 years可知，过去的动作持续到现在，句子时态用现在完成进行时，主语Huang Xiaoxu’s team为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been developing。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：显微镜配有自主研发的控制硬件和软件，提高了图像采集和处理的效率。此处使用介词with，be equipped with“装备有，配有”为固定短语。故填with。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“在过去，用传统的显微镜，科学家只能以二维的方式观察材料的变形，这往往导致不完整甚至误导性的结果，”黄说。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：现在我们最终可以观察到三维变形，这是我们使用该技术的第一个发现。此处使用副词eventually“最终”，作状语，修饰动词observe。故填eventually。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，最近你校将举办以“Food And Culture”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你以学生会的名义用英语写一则通知张贴到学校的国际部，内容包括：
1. 比赛时间和地点；
2. 比赛的要求；
3. 希望积极参与。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
Dear students,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The student union
【答案】Notice
Dear students,
Our school will hold an English speech contest whose theme is “Food And Culture”. The contest will be held next Friday in the school auditorium.
All students are welcome to participate. Every contestant is required to deliver a speech of no less than three minutes and no more than five minutes in English, demonstrating a good understanding of the topic, and showing logical and innovative thinking. We hope that all students will actively prepare for this contest and showcase the unique food and culture of their own countries.
If you have any questions or need any assistance, please feel free to contact the student union. We look forward to your participation.
The student union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，最近你校将举办以“Food And Culture”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你以学生会的名义用英语写一则通知张贴到学校的国际部。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举行：hold→take place
参加：participate→take part
发表演讲：deliver a speech→address a speech
准备：prepare for→make preparations for
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Every contestant is required to deliver a speech of no less than three minutes and no more than five minutes in English, demonstrating a good understanding of the topic, and showing logical and innovative thinking.
拓展句：Every contestant is required to deliver a speech which is limited to no less than three minutes and no more than five minutes in English, demonstrating a good understanding of the topic, and showing logical and innovative thinking.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Our school will hold an English speech contest whose theme is “Food And Culture”.（运用了whose引导定语从句）
【高分句型2】Every contestant is required to deliver a speech of no less than three minutes and no more than five minutes in English, demonstrating a good understanding of the topic, and showing logical and innovative thinking.（运用了现在分词作状语）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was fifteen when my world took a hopeless turn for the worst. My mom was diagnosed with cancer again. She had undergone surgery and beaten the cancer. Then the cancer came back. However, there was more to worry about than the disease that my mom was battling. My dad had left us years before. Besides, because of the mounting medical bills she was paying for her previous cancer, we were on the edge of financial ruin. I was too young to get a job.
That winter was the worst. We didn’t have money to pay for electricity. Our neighbor, Sophia, allowed us to use her electricity so that we could have one lamp on in our home. The gas stove in the living room was the only heat in our house. My mom slept in her cold room, with as many blankets as we could pile on her.
Thanksgiving Day came. I searched our cupboards for food and there wasn’t much. I started slamming doors as I looked through the cabinets for a can of food we might have missed. The more I searched, the angrier I became. The noise must have woken my mom, because she came to the kitchen wrapped in a blanket. She looked worried at me and asked, “Baby, what’s wrong,” I retorted, “I’m hungry. I’m freezing to death in our own house,” I wasn’t angry at her. I was angry at our situation.
She opened her arms toward me and said, “Come here. Right now things are hard, but hope is always there. Whatever difficulties we meet, we should be strong. All you have to do is have faith. Why not believe we can be better by using our own hands ”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was deeply ashamed of what I had done and said.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Just as I wondered what to do to spend the night, Sophia knocked at our door.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I was deeply ashamed of what I had done and said. The anger that had built up inside me had caused me to lash out at my mom, the one person who had always been there for me. As tears welled up in my eyes, I ran into her open arms. She held me tightly. In that moment, I realized the strength and resilience my mom possessed. Despite her own battles with cancer and our dire financial situation, she remained optimistic and hopeful. Her unwavering faith ignited a spark within me, filling me with a newfound determination to overcome our circumstances.
Just as I wondered what to do to spend the night, Sophia knocked at our door. She had brought us a warm meal and some blankets. Seeing her kind and caring gesture, I was reminded that there were people who cared about us, people willing to help in whatever way they could. It was a small act of kindness, but it meant the world to us. Over the next few years, I took odd jobs around the neighborhood, doing whatever I could to contribute to our finances. My mom used her creative talent to make handmade crafts, which we sold at local markets. Slowly but surely, our situation began to improve. The sense of despair that once filled our home was replaced with hope.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了15岁那年作者的生活陷入了绝望之中，接受癌症治疗手术的母亲康复后再次复发，父亲几年前就离开了，母亲堆积的医疗费让家庭处于经济崩溃的边缘，作者又因为年纪太小，无法找到工作。那年冬天是最糟糕的，没有钱支付电费的作者一家靠邻居Sophia的帮助可以保留一盏亮着的灯，母亲只能睡在冰冷的房间中，靠着毯子抵御寒冷。感恩节快到的时候，作者在家里到处搜寻食物，但是没有找到，因此开始生气。被作者吵醒的母亲赶来询问作者，作者生气地回嘴，母亲张开双臂，安慰作者要心怀希望，坚强地面对困难，依靠自己度过困难。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我对自己的所作所为和所说的话深感羞愧”可知，第一段可描写作者意识到自己的问题，两人相拥着安慰彼此，以及作者领悟到母亲的坚韧，萌生克服困难的决心。
②由第二段首句内容“正当我在考虑如何度过这一夜时，Sophia敲了我们的门”可知，第二段可描写Sophia给了作者一家一些帮助，作者心怀感恩，以及作者之后付出努力，慢慢改善生活。
2 续写线索：作者深感羞愧——作者和母亲相拥——作者决心克服困难——Sophia敲门——Sophia给予帮助——作者努力改善生活
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①意识到：realize/recognize
②拥有：possess/own/have
③点燃：ignite/light
④战胜：overcome/conquer/surmount
⑤帮助：help/assist/do sb. a favor
情绪类
①乐观的：optimistic/positive
②绝望：despair/desperation/depression
【点睛】[高分句型1] The anger that had built up inside me had caused me to lash out at my mom, the one person who had always been there for me. (that引导限制性定语从句、who引导限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Seeing her kind and caring gesture, I was reminded that there were people who cared about us, people willing to help in whatever way they could. (现在分词短语Seeing…作状语、that引导宾语从句、who引导限制性定语从句)2024届高三统一考试试题
英 语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Go to the playground.
B. Get out of the elevator.
C. Stop jumping in the elevator.
2. What will happen about the city center
A. There will be more pollution.
B. There will be more bicycle tracks.
C. There will be more parking areas.
3. How will the woman pay
A In cash. B. By check. C. By credit card.
4. Why is the woman unsatisfied with the fish
A. It tastes terrible.
B. It is served too late.
C. It’s not what she ordered.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a restaurant. B. In a theatre. C. At a gas station.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who does the man want to speak to
A. Mary Jones. B. Jack Stewart. C. David Bowie.
7. When will the training course start
A. On June 12th. B. On July 12th. C. On July 22nd.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How much is the rent for the extra large tent per day
A. $10. B. $50. C. $60.
9. What will the man do next
A. Reserve a tent.
B. Look for a camping site.
C. Change her camping plan.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When will the man tour the campus
A. On Monday morning. B. On Monday afternoon. C. On Tuesday afternoon.
11. Which year of college are the speakers probably in now
A. The first year. B. The second year. C. The third year.
12. What activity will the man take part in on Tuesday morning
A. Careers Lecture. B. Student Union Induction. C. Library Tour.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What position is the man applying for
A. A music teacher. B. A radio host. C. A TV producer.
14. What does the man say about sending e-mails
A. He is good at it.
B. He needs time to practice.
C. He prefers making phone calls.
15. What does the job involve according to the woman
A. A lot of traffic. B. Getting up early. C. Dealing with complaints.
16. Who appears in the man’s reference list
A. His former boss. B. His former classmate. C. His former colleague.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When will the race be held this year
A. On May 11th. B. On May 23rd. C. On May 24th.
18. Where does the race start
A. At the football ground.
B. On the north side of the park.
C. At the main entrance of the park.
19. What can every runner get this year
A. A T-shirt. B. A water bottle. C. A pair of running shoes.
20. Who can run in the race free of charge
A. Children between 8 and 15.
B. Children under the age of 8.
C. Adults who have registered in advance.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A, BC, D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here are four cities that are great for winter travel.
Quebec City, Canada
Quebec City is one of the oldest cities in North America. In the winter, it is covered in a thick blanket of snow, creating beautiful winter scenery. Visitors can explore the Quebec City castle, the streets of the old town, and ancient churches. You can also try winter activities such as skiing, ice-skating, and dog-sledding.
Helsinki, Finland
Helsinki, the capital of Finland, turns into a fairy tale-like city in the winter. You can take a walk along the frozen coast of the Baltic Sea, visit St. Nicholas’ Anglican Church and the National Museum of Finland, and indulge in the pleasure of tasting candy and hot chocolate in warm cafes. Additionally, you can experience the wonders of the Arctic Circle nearby in Lapland, including chasing the northern lights, reindeer sledding, and visiting Santa Claus Village.
Innsbruck, Austria
Innsbruck is situated in the Alps and is a winter sports destination. The city is famous for its magnificent mountain scenery and world-class ski resorts. Visitors can enjoy the medieval architecture in the city center, ski at the Olympic ski resort, or watch ski jumping competitions at the ski jumping venue.
Lausanne, Switzerland
Lausanne is a city in the French-speaking region of Switzerland, located on the shores of Lake Geneva. The city boasts charming lake views and snow-capped mountain backgrounds, making it an ideal winter vacation destination. You can take a stroll along the lakeside promenade, visit the Olympic Museum, or sample Swiss cuisine such as chocolate and cheese fondue. Additionally, Lausanne has some famous ski resorts, such as Les Diablerets and Villars.
1. What can visitors do in Quebec City during the winter
A. Visit the famous chocolate factory.
B. Explore Santa Claus Village.
C. Appreciate the old buildings.
D. Walking along the beautiful beach.
2. Which city will be the first choice if one wants to see the Arctic landscape
A. Quebec City. B. Helsinki. C. Innsbruck. D. Lausanne.
3. What do the last two cities have in common
A. They have famous ski resorts.
B. They have world-famous museums.
C. They are located on the shores of lakes.
D. They are famous for the Olympic Games.
B
Creighton is no stranger to the media. He was the face of a TV series, which remains popular for its behind-the-scenes look at the ups and downs of zoo life. He was often stopped on the street, and is regularly called “the man from the zoo”.
Creighton’s father and his brother also worked at Dublin Zoo. “I don’t ever remember not being in the zoo,” he said.
Creighton’s passion for animal welfare is clear, and not something that has reduced over the years-for him, or his father. Just a few hours earlier he was at the vet’s with his father where their 15-year-old German shepherd had to be put to sleep. “For any zookeeper, losing an animal is like losing a part of yourself,” said Creighton. He has been present for the euthanasia of an old lion, which reduced many zookeepers there to tears. He was present for the death of a chimpanzee in her 50s who both Creighton and his father had cared for over the years. He also described the death of a rhino, which escaped from a transport container in 1996, as something gut-wrenching.
In January 2021, he left Dublin Zoo and started his own consultancy agency, Global Elephant Care. He is working on developing elephant care and enclosures (围场) in France, the UK, the US, Israel, Australia and the United Arab Emirates, where elephants will have air conditioning to save them from the 50-degree heat. He is also working on projects to manage the gradual release of elephants back into the wild, but nevertheless talks straightly about their situation. There are about 40,000 Asian elephants left in the world. In an hour, there will probably be five or six African elephants killed for their ivory.
Despite the cruel reality for elephants around the world, with increasing human encroachment (侵占) on their natural habitat, Creighton faces it with a smile.
4. Why is Creighton familiar to media
A. He was involved in a TV program.
B. He filmed a documentary on the people.
C. He posted his work life in the zoo online.
D. He was the zookeeper of the popular zoo.
5. What does the underlined word “gut-wrenching” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Too proud. B. Greatly cheerful.
C. Quite helpless. D. Extremely upset.
6. What is Creighton’s purpose of establishing Global Elephant Care
A. To raise money to help elephants.
B. To guarantee the elephants’ welfare.
C. To manage the elephants in the wild.
D. To improve elephants’ living conditions.
7. What can be used to describe Creighton
A. Efficient and just. B. Sociable and loyal.
C. Caring and optimistic. D. Sensitive and mean.
C
A new study by researchers at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and the University of Victoria has shown that common levels of traffic pollution can damage human brain function in only a matter of hours.
“For many decades, scientists thought the brain may be protected from the harmful effects of air pollution,” said senior study author Dr. Chris Carlsten. “This study, which is the first of its kind in the world, provides fresh evidence supporting a connection between air pollution and cognition.”
For the study, the researchers briefly exposed 25 healthy adults to diesel exhaust (柴油废气) and filtered air at different times in a laboratory setting. Brain activity was measured before and after each exposure using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
The researchers analyzed changes in the brain’s default mode network (DMN) a set of inter-connected brain regions that play an important role in memory and internal thought. The fMRI revealed that participants had decreased functional connectivity in widespread regions of the DMN after exposure to diesel exhaust, compared to filtered air.
“We know that altered functional connectivity in the DMN has been associated with reduced cognitive performance and symptoms of depression so it’s concerning to see traffic pollution interrupting these same networks,” said Dr. Jodie Gawryluk, a psychology professor at the University of Victoria and the study’s first author. “While more research is needed to fully understand the functional impacts of these changes, it’s possible that they may impair (损害) people’s thinking or ability to work.”
Notably, the changes in the brain were temporary and participants’ connectivity returned to normal after the exposure. Dr. Carlsten assumed that the effects could be long lasting where exposure is continuous. He said that people should be mindful of the air they’re breathing and take appropriate steps to minimize their exposure to potentially harmful air pollutants like car exhaust.
8. How does traffic pollution affect people according to the study
A. Exhausting their body. B. Decreasing their income.
C. Endangering their safety. D. Harming their brain function.
9. What may the DMN be responsible for
A. Growth. B. Sport. C. Memory. D. Behaviour.
10. What can people do to reduce the impact according to Dr. Carlsten
A Avoid being exposed to the polluted air constantly.
B. Be mindful of the air quality in a new city.
C. Measure the brain activity in laboratories.
D. Stay inside a house as often as possible.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. A Role Of Brain Will Be Ruined
B. Traffic Pollution May Impair Brain Function
C A Famous UK University Did A Vital Study
D. A Source Of Pollution Has Drawn People’s Attention
D
In recent years, studies have suggested how the bisphenol A (BPA) in some food-packaging plastics has been linked to various health problems including heart disease and developmental difficulties in children. Scientists are thus developing a more harmless alternative, and it’s made from tomato waste which would otherwise be got rid of.
However, BPA is still widely used in the plastic coatings which are applied to the inside of metal food packaging such as cans. These smooth waterproof coatings help protect the metal from corrosion (腐蚀), plus they keep the food from sticking to the inside of the container.
Building on previous studies, an international team has researched a type of agricultural waste known as tomato pomace. This material typically consists of tomato skins, seeds and stems, which are left over after the fruits have been processed for use in foods such as sauces or juices. Ordinarily, the pomace is simply dumped in a landfill, burned, or at best composted. It may also be used in animal feed, although it doesn’t have much nutritional value.
The scientists started by drying tomato pomace — first in the sun for three days, then in a 60℃ oven for 16 hours — after which they grounded it into a powder. That powder was subsequently mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution (溶液), which was then heated at 100℃ for four hours. After repeatedly filtering that solution to remove the sodium hydroxide, the researchers were left a lipid. That lipid was then mixed into an ethyl alcohol solution which was sprayed onto samples of some metal. Once the spray had dried and the samples had been heated in a 200℃ oven for 10 to 60 minutes, the result was a polymerized lacquer coating which proved to be very effective at protecting the metal.
The scientists now plan on testing the coating on actual cans. “We would take tomato sauce, and other foods that are usually sold in cans, and we would sterilize them, put them in tins and check if they withstand real conditions,” said a scientist.
12. Which of the following is the most likely to use the plastic coating
A. A pot full of water.
B. A cup filled with coffee.
C. A tin containing apple juice.
D. An iron box stuffed with packaged food.
13. What do we know about tomato pomace
A. It’s used as animal’s food with rich nutrition.
B. It has been used in the plastic coatings.
C. People use it to make sauce or juice.
D. People usually treat it in many ways.
14. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4
A. How the new coating is created. B. Why heating is important.
C. Why high temperature is needed. D. What other materials are included.
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To present a scientific study. B. To introduce a new material.
C. To show a complex process. D. To teach an actual test.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cultivating gratitude requires effort and a commitment to change. The following exercises can help you take on a grateful outlook.
Practice mindfulness
____16____. Tap into your senses and let your mind linger (逗留) on pleasant, everyday sensations. Focus on the taste of a ripe strawberry, for example, the feeling of the sun on your skin, or the gentle sound of background music. This can help ground you in the present, pulling you away from worrying.
Keep a gratitude journal
There are many ways to create a gratitude journal. First, decide if you want to keep a physical journal that you write in or a digital list on your phone or computer. ____17____. You can update the journal on a weekly basis, ending the week by putting down three or four moments that you appreciated.
____18____
Build relationships by writing thank-you letters to people in your life. Go into detail about treasured memories from your relationship. Write about the positive effect they’ve had on your life. When you’re done, you can mail or deliver the letters in person.
Revisit and reframe past events
Most of us can recall past events that we regret. ____19____. Although they may have led to disappointment, shame or even heartbreak, you’ve likely also learned something from these experiences.
While these gratitude exercises can give your mood and outlook a welcome boost, it can take time for them to impact your mental health and overall well-being. Be patient and continue practicing gratitude. Turn the exercises into little rituals. In time, you may notice your stress levels drop and relationships strengthen. ____20____.
A. Write notes of appreciation
B. List what deserves appreciation
C. A little gratitude can do harm to your mood
D. Then, you’ll have even more reasons to be grateful
E. Then, consider how often you’ll update the journal
F. It could be anything from a failure to anger at a close friend
G. Enjoying little moments in your life can be a way to cultivate gratitude
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B, C, D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When we think of a grocery store, we usually picture aisles of food and everyday necessities. But sometimes, it’s also where unexpected ____21____ are formed, turning a simple store into a backdrop for heartwarming human connections.
Ellie Walker, ____22____ at a British grocery store, was known for her friendly demeanor. Ellie enjoyed the daily chat with customers but never ____23____ how deeply these interactions could impact her life.
It was during one of these ____24____ conversations that Ellie encountered Edwin Holmes, an elderly regular customer, who ____25____ that he had no one to spend Christmas with.
This revelation ____26____ a chord in Ellie’s heart, as she couldn’t bear the thought of Edwin spending the festive season alone.
Edwin had lost his wife in 2006 after 45 years of marriage. His family, including a daughter and grandchildren, lived in Australia, making it ____27____ for them to be together during the holidays. This left Edwin facing the prospect of a ____28____ Christmas.
Upset about Edwin’s situation. Ellie decided to ____29____ a gesture of kindness. She invited him to join her for a Christmas meal, hoping to ____30____ a memorable and joyous experience for both of them.
“I thought, if it was my granddad and he was alone, I would want someone to talk to him.” Ellie’s invitation to Edwin was more than just a kind ____31____ it was a start of their friendship.
From that memorable Christmas dinner, a beautiful friendship ____32____. Ellie and Edwin began meeting regularly for coffee, sharing stories and enjoying each other’s ____33____.
Their relationship, which started with ____34____ conversations in a grocery store, had ____35____ a meaningful and enduring friendship.
21. A. techniques B. bonds C. ideas D. steps
22. A. candidate B. participant C. employee D. volunteer
23. A. planned B. meant C. argued D. anticipated
24. A. routine B. positive C. bitter D. amusing
25. A. agreed B. revealed C. requested D. debated
26. A. charged B. outgrew C. struck D. overlooked
27. A. cautious B. impossible C. competitive D. sympathetic
28. A. lonely B. warm C. shared D. delightful
29. A. extend B. command C. discipline D. assign
30. A. allow B. beg C. remind D. create
31. A. fear B. prejudice C. gesture D. temptation
32. A. conducted B. stressed C. blossomed D. remembered
33. A. company B. comfort C. entertainment D. leisure
34. A. delicate B. casual C. difficult D. potential
35. A. put about B. taken in C. struggled for D. grown into
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Using a three-dimensional (3-D) transmission electron microscopy technique, a group of Chinese scientists have discovered a new phenomenon in the deformation (变形) of nanometals, which will help improve material design and engineering applications.
Huang Xiaoxu, a world-renowned scientist in the field of materials science, ____36____ (lead) a team at the College of Materials Science and Engineering of Chongqing University and its cooperators, created the world’s first 3-D microscopy technique system ____37____ tracked the rotations of individual grains in a nanograined nickel before and after in situ nanomechanical testing. The testing enables the observation of how the materials respond to applied stress in ____38____ (they) native state, which is fundamental to understand their mechanical ____39____ (property), said the research.
They found that the nanosized grains sometimes experience lattice rotations different from the ____40____ (theory) prediction. This unexpected lattice rotation occurs more often in the larger grains and is due to a phenomenon ____41____ (call) back stress, which generates the rotation.
Huang Xiaoxu’s team ____42____ (develop) 3-D microscopy techniques over the past 10 years. The microscopy is equipped ____43____ self-developed controlling hardware and software to enhance the efficiency of image collection and processing.
“In the past, with conventional microscopy, scientists could only observe the material deformation in a two-dimensional way, ____44____ often led to incomplete or even misleading results,” said Huang. “Now we can ____45____ (eventual) observe the deformation in 3-D, and our first finding using the technique.”
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，最近你校将举办以“Food And Culture”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你以学生会的名义用英语写一则通知张贴到学校的国际部，内容包括：
1. 比赛时间和地点；
2. 比赛的要求；
3. 希望积极参与。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
Dear students,
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The student union
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was fifteen when my world took a hopeless turn for the worst. My mom was diagnosed with cancer again. She had undergone surgery and beaten the cancer. Then the cancer came back. However, there was more to worry about than the disease that my mom was battling. My dad had left us years before. Besides, because of the mounting medical bills she was paying for her previous cancer, we were on the edge of financial ruin. I was too young to get a job.
That winter was the worst. We didn’t have money to pay for electricity. Our neighbor, Sophia, allowed us to use her electricity so that we could have one lamp on in our home. The gas stove in the living room was the only heat in our house. My mom slept in her cold room, with as many blankets as we could pile on her.
Thanksgiving Day came. I searched our cupboards for food and there wasn’t much. I started slamming doors as I looked through the cabinets for a can of food we might have missed. The more I searched, the angrier I became. The noise must have woken my mom, because she came to the kitchen wrapped in a blanket. She looked worried at me and asked, “Baby, what’s wrong,” I retorted, “I’m hungry. I’m freezing to death in our own house,” I wasn’t angry at her. I was angry at our situation.
She opened her arms toward me and said, “Come here. Right now things are hard, but hope is always there. Whatever difficulties we meet, we should be strong. All you have to do is have faith. Why not believe we can be better by using our own hands ”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was deeply ashamed of what I had done and said.
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Just as I wondered what to do to spend the night, Sophia knocked at our door.
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