天津市部分区2023～2024学年度第一学期期末练习
高一英语
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共120分，考试用时间100分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共85分)
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)
注意：录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案写在题前括号里。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation take place
A. In the street. B. In the photo studio. C. At home.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A professor. B. A lecture. C. A research paper.
3. How does the man feel
A. Envious. B. Disappointed. C. Surprised.
4. What will the man probably do next
A. Fetch the ticket. B. Drive to the laundry. C. Hang his coat out.
5. Who is the woman probably talking to
A. A taxi driver. B. A passenger. C. A policeman.
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段材料，回答第6至8小题。
6. Why does the woman ask the man for a ride
A. She wants to visit a patient.
B. She needs to see a doctor.
C. She plans to go to her teacher’s house.
7. What will the man do
A. Ask his mother for advice.
B. Borrow a car from his neighbor.
C. Pick some flowers from his garden.
8. How does the woman feel about the man
A. He’s unconcerned. B. He’s romantic. C. He’s helpful.
听下面一段材料，回答第9至11小题。
9. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a swimming pool. B. In a training center. C. On the phone.
10. How many times a week does the woman want to be trained
A. Twice. B. Three times. C. Five times.
11. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The woman can’t swim at all.
B. Members are given a free gift.
C. Every training class costs $50.
听下面一段材料，回答第12至15小题。
12. Where does the speaker come from
A. Dublin. B. Cork. C. Belfast.
13. Which quarter appeals to bar lovers
A. The Titanic Quarter. B. The Cathedral Quarter. C. The University Quarter.
14. What will appear when people drive up the Causeway Coastal Route
A. The Mussenden Temple. B. The Giant’s Castle. C. The Dunluce Causeway.
15. What does the speaker mean in the end
A. Northern Ireland is well worth visiting.
B. Tourists like to make friends with Irish people.
C. Many TV shows are filmed in Southern Ireland.
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Must I return the book tomorrow
—No, you ________. You can keep it until next Thursday.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. won’t D. needn’t
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——我明天必须还书吗？——不，你不必。你可以借到下周四再还。A. can’t不能；B. mustn’t禁止；C. won’t不要；D. needn’t不需要。根据上下句句意可知，此处为情态动词needn’t“不需要”，满足句意要求，must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答使用No，主语+ needn’t。故选D项。
2. I managed to ________ my brother into accepting my idea to go camping this weekend.
A. persuade B. represent C. inspire D. identify
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我设法说服我哥哥接受我这个周末去露营的主意。A. persuade说服；B. represent代表；C. inspire激励；D. identify识别。根据后文“my brother into accepting my idea to go camping this weekend.”可知，应是“说服我哥哥接受我这个周末去露营的主意”符合语境。故选A项。
3. Cheer up! Everybody may have periods in their lives ________ everything seems tough.
A. which B. when C. what D. that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：振作起来！每个人在生活中都可能有一段时期，一切似乎都很艰难。分析句子可知，此处为关系副词when引导的定语从句，先行词periods在从句中作时间状语成分。故选B项。
4. I was late, but ________ the meeting hadn’t started.
A. regularly B. fortunately C. gradually D. eventually
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我迟到了，不过幸好会议还没有开始。A. regularly定期地；B. fortunately幸运地，幸好；C. gradually逐渐地；D. eventually最终。根据句意可知，我虽然迟到了，但幸好会议还没开始。故选B项。
5. — Where is Ethan I can’t find him anywhere.
— He went to the library after lunch and ________ his essay there ever since.
A. had written B. is writing C. has been writing D. wrote
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——伊桑在哪里？我到处都找不到他。——他午饭后去了图书馆，从那以后就一直在那里写论文。根据时间状语ever since可知，句中表示从过去一直待续到现在动作，且很可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时。故选C项。
6. That football is such a simple game ________ is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
A. plays B. played C. playing D. to play
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：足球是一项如此简单的运动，这也许是它受欢迎的基础。此处考查不定式作定语，一般作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词。本句中“ to play”作定语修饰a simple game 表示：一项如此简单的运动。被修饰的名词a simple game 是动词不定式to play的逻辑宾语。故选D项。
7. As a teenager, your body is ________ many physical changes, which need to be supported by a healthy, balanced diet.
A. passing down B. going through C. reflecting on D. catching up
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一个青少年，你的身体正在经历许多生理变化，这些变化需要健康、均衡的饮食来支持。A. passing down传递下来；B. going through经历；C. reflecting on反思，反映；D. catching up追赶上。根据空前As a teenager, your body及空后many physical changes可知，青少年的身体会经历许多生理变化，应用动词短语go through“经历”。故选B项。
8. This theory is known to be based on practice and ________ serves practice.
A. in need B. in return C. in place D. in turn
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：众所周知，这一理论以实践为基础，反过来为实践服务。A. in need在危急中，迫切需要；B. in return作为回报；C. in place在适当的位置；D. in turn依次、反过来。根据句意，理论是以实践为基础，反之又为实践服务的，故应用in turn。故选D。
9. As is known to all, Diaoyu Island ________ China.
A. belonging to B. belongs to C. is belonged to D. belonged to
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：众所周知，钓鱼岛属于中国。短语belong to没有被动语态，故排除C选项；此处陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为Diaoyu Island，谓语用三单形式。故选B。
10. You can’t wear casual clothes in this ________ occasion.
A. common B. ordinary C. normal D. formal
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个正式场合你不能穿便服。A. common普通的，常见的；B. ordinary平凡的，普通的；C. normal正常的；D. formal正式的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词formal“正式的”，满足句意要求。故选D项。
11. ________ I know, the Alipay was started by Ma Yun.
A. As far as B. As well as C. As soon as D. As much as
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：据我所知，支付宝是马云创立的。A. As far as就……而言；B. As well as也、和；C. As soon as一……就……；D. As much as和……一样多。根据句意，这里是指“就我所知道的而言”，故应用As far as I know。故选A。
12. I hurried to the airport, only ________ the plane had left.
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：我匆匆赶往机场，却被告知飞机已经起飞。分析句子可知，空处应用不定式在句中做结果状语，表示一种意料之外的结果，动词tell与它的逻辑主语I构成被动关系，故用不定式的被动式。故选B项。
13. We don’t have the equipment to ________ the trees.
A. cut down B. sit down C. come down D. write down
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们没有砍伐树木的设备。A. cut down把……砍倒；B. sit down坐下；C. come down下降；D. write down写下。根据“equipment”和“the trees”可推知，动词短语cut down“把……砍倒”符合题意，说明这个设备是用来砍伐树木的。故选A。
14. Steven Spielberg’s film Jaws made people ________ of sharks, especially of the great white shark.
A. frighten B. to frighten C. frightened D. frightening
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格的电影《大白鲨》让人们害怕鲨鱼，尤其是大白鲨。及物动词frighten“使……害怕，吓唬”，其形容词形式有两种，frightening“令人害怕的”，通常修饰物，frightened“感到害怕的”，通常修饰人，分析句子可知，空处应用形容词frightened“感到害怕的”，修饰人的感情，在句中作宾语补足语。故选C。
15. —Good morning, Mr. Smith. I’m a little early. Should I wait outside
—No. ________.
A. That’s right B. My pleasure C. Come on in D. Take it easy
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——早上好，史密斯先生。我来早了一点。我要在外面等吗？——不。请进。A. That’s right那是对的；B. My pleasure不客气；C. Come on in进来吧；D. Take it easy别着急。根据上下句句意可知，此处为短语Come on in“进来吧”，满足句意要求。故选C项。
第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Decades ago, I traveled alone for the first time in my life. The trip to Colorado was not for business or family reasons, but just to travel and ____16____.
As I prepared for it, I felt excited and ____17____ at the same time. Would it be fun Would I be bored Would I stay in bed all day or would I jump with excitement to do the next thing I wasn’t ____18____. Little did I know that it was going to be so ____19____ a journey of self-discovery.
As a good wife and mom, for me, travel is always about the ____20____: Always thinking of who would ____21____ what. Because it’s about family time. But when travel ____22____, who would I connect with What would I do Well, I found that I got to do anything I ____23____!
While traveling, I met locals and also other ____24____. Honestly, I had conversations ____25____—on planes, while hiking, in restaurants.
It was quite a(n) ____26____ experience to meet a mom of 18 kids and hundreds of adopted kids, a cookie baker, and an internationally ranked marathon runner. The inspiring stories I discovered were ____27____ and nothing was like my wonderful and ____28____ life at home. I got to go rock climbing by myself, go hiking solo, and eat ____29____. And it was all ____30____, going smoothly. Actually, I felt surprisingly ____31____.
It was just me, my SUV and my backpack for a week. ____32____, it was a breath of fresh air that I didn’t ____33____ existed. It’s wonderful to be back home and know that possibilities are ____34____ and there is so much more out there to ____35____ and discover!
16. A. exchange B. succeed C. research D. discover
17. A. tired B. nervous C. proud D. lucky
18. A. sure B. ready C. confused D. worried
19. A. disappointing B. ordinary C. memorable D. difficult
20. A. fun B. family C. scenery D. rest
21. A. enjoy B. miss C. see D. arrange
22. A. helplessly B. shortly C. independently D. confidently
23. A. remembered B. wanted C. doubted D. promised
24 A. travelers B. wives C. moms D. drivers
25. A. regularly B. carefully C. everywhere D. elsewhere
26. A. challenging B. depressing C. eye-opening D. strange
27. A. common B. classic C. annoying D. incredible
28. A. dull B. safe C. healthy D. exciting
29. A. all alone B. in group C. far away D. very well
30. A. wrong B. uncertain C. special D. fine
31. A. lonely B. messy C. empty D. normal
32. A. Or rather B. At last C. Above all D. In addition
33. A. wish B. admit C. prove D. know
34. A. endless B. enough C. far D. necessary
35. A. imagine B. explore C. improve D. learn
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者十几年前独自旅行，一开始感到兴奋和紧张，担心没人可以联系，结果在旅途中遇到了各色各样的人，也单独进行了很多户外活动，感到很好、很顺利。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次科罗拉多之行不是为了生意或家庭原因，而只是为了旅行和发现。A. exchange交换；B. succeed成功；C. research研究；D. discover发现。根据后文“a journey of self-discovery”可知，这是一次发现之旅。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我准备的时候，我感到既兴奋又紧张。A. tired疲惫的；B. nervous紧张的；C. proud骄傲的；D. lucky幸运的。根据后文“Would it be fun Would I be bored Would I stay in bed all day or would I jump with excitement to do the next thing (会很有趣吗？我会觉得无聊吗？我会整天躺在床上，还是兴奋地跳起来做下一件事？)”可知，作者感到兴奋和紧张。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不确定。A. sure确定的；B. ready准备好的；C. confused困惑的；D. worried担心的。此处指对上文“Would it be fun Would I be bored Would I stay in bed all day or would I jump with excitement to do the next thing (会很有趣吗？我会觉得无聊吗？我会整天躺在床上，还是兴奋地跳起来做下一件事？)”这些疑问，作者感到不确定。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一点也不知道这将是一次令人难忘的自我发现之旅。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. ordinary普通的；C. memorable难忘的；D. difficult困难的。根据后文“The inspiring stories I discovered”以及作者精彩的经历可知，这是一次难忘的旅程。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个好妻子和好妈妈，对我来说，旅行总是关于家庭的：总是想着谁会喜欢什么。A. fun乐趣；B. family家人；C. scenery景色；D. rest休息。根据后文“Because it’s about family time.(因为这是家庭时间)”可知，作者作为妻子和母亲，旅行总是关于家庭的。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个好妻子和好妈妈，对我来说，旅行总是关于家庭的：总是想着谁会喜欢什么。A. enjoy喜欢；B. miss错过；C. see看见；D. arrange安排。根据上文“Always thinking of who would”可知，指作者总是要考虑家人的喜好。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是当我独立旅行时，我该和谁联系呢？A. helplessly无助地；B. shortly短暂地；C. independently独自地；D. confidently自信地。根据上文“Decades ago, I traveled alone for the first time in my life.(几十年前，我有生以来第一次独自旅行)”可知，作者是独自去旅行的。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：嗯，我发现我可以做任何我想做的事！A. remembered记得；B. wanted想要；C. doubted怀疑；D. promised承诺。根据上文“Well, I found that I got to do anything I”可知，作者独自旅行，可以做任何自己想做的事情。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在旅行中，我遇到了当地人和其他旅行者。A. travelers旅行者；B. wives妻子；C. moms妈妈；D. drivers司机。根据上文“While traveling, I met locals and also other”以及选项，旅行中会遇到当地人以及其他旅行者。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：老实说，我在任何地方都有交谈——在飞机上、徒步旅行时、在餐馆里。A. regularly定期地；B. carefully仔细地；C. everywhere任何地方；D. elsewhere别处。根据后文“on planes, while hiking, in restaurants”可知，作者在任何地方都很人聊起来。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见到一位有18个孩子和数百个被收养孩子的母亲、一位饼干烘焙师和一位国际排名的马拉松运动员，真是一次大开眼界的经历。A. challenging挑战性的；B. depressing令人沮丧的；C. eye-opening大开眼界的；D. strange陌生的。根据后文“experience to meet a mom of 18 kids and hundreds of adopted kids, a cookie baker, and an internationally ranked marathon runner”可知，作者遇到了各色各样的人，是一次大开眼界的经历。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现的鼓舞人心的故事是令人难以置信的，没有什么能像我在家里的美好和安全的生活。A. common普通的；B. classic经典的；C. annoying烦人的；D. incredible难以置信的。根据上文“The inspiring stories I discovered were”可知，此处与上文inspiring相对应的，是指鼓舞人心的故事是令人难以置信的，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现的鼓舞人心的故事是令人难以置信的，没有什么能像我在家里的美好和安全的生活。A. dull乏味的；B. safe安全的；C. healthy健康的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据上文“wonderful and”可知与wonderful并列，指家里美好和安全。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：我要一个人去攀岩，一个人去徒步旅行，一个人吃饭。A. all alone独自；B. in group社交团体；C. far away远离；D. very well非常好。根据上文可知，作者是一个人去旅行的，所以做什么都是一个人。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很好，进展顺利。A. wrong错误的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. special特别的；D. fine好的。根据后文“going smoothly”可知，作者一切都很好，很顺利。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：实际上，我觉得自己出奇地正常。A. lonely孤独的；B. messy混乱的；C. empty空的；D. normal正常的。根据后文“It was just me, my SUV and my backpack for a week.(只有我，我的越野车和我的背包住了一个星期)”可知，作者虽然一个人，但是觉得自己出奇地正常。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：最重要的是，这是一种我不知道存在的新鲜空气。A. Or rather或者更确切地说；B. At last最后；C. Above all最重要的；D. In addition此外。根据后文“it was a breath of fresh air”可知，这次旅行最重要的地方在于带给了作者新的空气。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，这是一种我不知道存在的新鲜空气。A. wish希望；B. admit承认；C. prove证明；D. know知道。根据后文“existed”可知，作者之前并不知道这种东西存在。故选D。
34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回到家，知道可能性是无穷无尽的，还有更多的东西等着你去探索和发现，真是太好了！A. endless无穷无尽的；B. enough足够的；C. far远的；D. necessary必要的。根据上文“that possibilities are”可知，此处指可能性是无穷无尽的。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家，知道可能性是无穷无尽的，还有更多的东西等着你去探索和发现，真是太好了！A. imagine想象；B. explore探索；C. improve改善；D. learn学习。根据后文“and discover”可知，外面有很多东西值得去探索和发现。故选B。
第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The 2024 Peace Poetry Awards
The awards contest is to encourage people to explore peace and the human spirit. There are three age categories: Adult (19 & over), Youth (13-18), and Youth (12 & under). The yearly contest is open to people worldwide. Your poems must be unpublished, and in English.
Deadline
All entries must be submitted by July 1st. 2024.
Entry Fee
Adult (19 & over) — $15
Youth (13 - 18) — $5
Youth (12 & under) — no fee
Notes
1. You may submit up to three unpublished poems. At most 30 lines per poem.
2. Include name, address, email, telephone number, and age in the upper right-hand corner of each poem. For the Youth (12 & under) category, please also include your school’s name and your teacher’s name.
3. Title each poem.
4. Please keep copies of all entries as we will be unable to return them.
5. Email your entries to: cwarner@napf.org and Click here to pay your entry fee online; or send your entries and entry fee to Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 1622 Anacapa Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93101.
Awards
Adult Winner — $1,000
Youth (13-18) Winner — $200
Youth (12 & under) Winner — $200
Winners will be announced by October 1st, 2024 on our website. Winners will be notified by email. Past years winning poems can be found here.
36. What does the contest encourage people to explore
A. Development and challenge. B. Cooperation and competition.
C. Peace and human spirit. D. Disease and health.
37. What can we learn about the contest
A. It includes two categories.
B. It is held every three years.
C. It only accepts poems in English.
D. It is only open to people aged 12 and over.
38. You should write the following in the upper right-hand corner of each poem EXCEPT ______.
A. name B. email C. age D. fax
39. To enter the contest, a 12-year-old boy must ______.
A. pay an entry fee of $5 B. write a poem of at least 30 lines
C. submit his entry by October 1st, 2024 D. include his teacher’s name in his entry
40. What will an adult winner get
A. $200 in prize money. B. $1,000 in prize money.
C. A collection of this year’s winning poems. D. A collection of past years winning poems.
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了2024年和平诗歌奖的参赛流程。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“The awards contest is to encourage people to explore peace and the human spirit.”（该奖项竞赛旨在鼓励人们探索和平与人类精神。）可知，该竞赛鼓励人们探索和平与人类精神。故选C项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Your poems must be unpublished, and in English.”（你的诗必须是未发表的，而且是英文的。）可知，作品必须是英文的。故选C项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Notes”中第二句“Include name, address, email, telephone number, and age in the upper right-hand corner of each poem.”（在每首诗的右上角写上姓名、地址、电子邮件、电话号码和年龄。）可知，右上角不需要写传真。故选D项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Notes”中“For the Youth (12 & under) category, please also include your school’s name and your teacher’s name.”（青少年(12岁及以下)组别，请同时填写学校名称及老师姓名。）可知，12岁的男孩参赛，需在参赛作品上填写老师姓名。故选D项。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Awards”中“Adult Winner—$1,000”（成人赢家——1000美元）可知，成人赢家会获得1000美元奖励。故选B项。
B
I’ll always remember the first time I tried ballet. My mother was a dancer and I wanted nothing more than to be like her, but after making mistakes during my first class, I felt like I wanted to quit right away. However, I told my mom I couldn’t wait to dance again because it was only my first day.
Weeks passed and my dancing didn’t get any better. Then my dance teacher announced that we were going to perform in a show. I was scared of falling on my face in front of hundreds of people and disappointing my mom.
Even though I practiced hard for the show, I never quite got the hang of it. Finally, I went to my mom to tell her how I felt. She simply laughed and told me she would teach me all she knew about ballet.
My mom quickly discovered how bad at ballet I was, but she still taught me with the greatest patience, love and understanding. When I jumped and fell, she was there to catch me. When I lost my balance, she held me up. By the time the show arrived, I was as prepared as I could be.
The music began and my heart started to race. Breathing calmly, I began moving to the music without missing a step. When the music stopped, I ran off the stage and laughed in excitement.
My mom found me and gave me a huge hug, telling me how proud she was. I looked my mom in the eye and told her that there was no way this could have happened without her. Through this, I realized one important fact: My mom will always be there to catch me if I fall.
41. What happened to the author on her first day of ballet
A. She fell down and hurt herself. B. She made no mistakes while dancing.
C. She realized she was talented in ballet. D. She lied to her mom about liking ballet.
42. What does the underlined phrase “got the hang of it” mean
A learned to do it well. B. lost interest in it. C. had trouble with it. D. jumped high in the air.
43. How did the mother respond when the author expressed her difficulties in ballet
A. She simply laughed and ignored her concerns completely.
B. She encouraged her to quit and pursue something else.
C. She offered to teach her everything she knew about ballet.
D. She scolded her strictly for not practising enough.
44. When preparing for the show, the author found out that her mom
was ______.
A. nervous and dependable. B. calm and impatient.
C. excited and concerned. D. understanding and reliable.
45. What did the author learn from her ballet experience
A. Don’t be afraid of disappointing others.
B. Never try something you are not good at.
C. A mother’s love is pure and unconditional.
D. Every mom will be proud of their children’s achievements.
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在学习芭蕾舞的过程中，遇到困难时，妈妈以最大的耐心、爱和理解教自己。通过这件事，作者意识到了母亲的爱是纯洁的，无条件的。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“My mother was a dancer and I wanted nothing more than to be like her, but after making mistakes during my first class, I felt like I wanted to quit right away. However, I told my mom I couldn’t wait to dance again because it was only my first day.(我的母亲是一名舞者，我最希望的就是像她一样，但在第一堂课上犯了错误后，我觉得我想马上退出。然而，我告诉妈妈，我迫不及待地想再跳一次舞，因为这是我第一天跳舞。)”可知，作者第一天学芭蕾舞时对妈妈撒谎说她喜欢芭蕾。故选D。
【42题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Weeks passed and my dancing didn’t get any better. Then my dance teacher announced that we were going to perform in a show. I was scared of falling on my face in front of hundreds of people and disappointing my mom.(几个星期过去了，我的舞蹈并没有进步。然后我的舞蹈老师宣布我们要在一个节目中表演。我害怕在几百人面前摔倒，让我妈妈失望。)”可知，尽管作者为演出刻苦训练，但始终没有掌握要领。由此可推知，“got the hang of it”意为“学会把它做好”。故选A。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Finally, I went to my mom to tell her how I felt. She simply laughed and told me she would teach me all she knew about ballet.(最后，我去找妈妈，告诉她我的感受。她只是笑着告诉我，她会把她所知道的芭蕾舞都教给我。)”可知，当作者表达她学习芭蕾的困难时，妈妈愿意把她所知道的关于芭蕾的一切都教给她。故选C。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“My mom quickly discovered how bad at ballet I was, but she still taught me with the greatest patience, love and understanding. When I jumped and fell, she was there to catch me. When I lost my balance, she held me up.(我妈妈很快就发现我的芭蕾学得很差，但她仍然以最大的耐心、爱和理解教我。当我跳起来跌倒时，她在那里接住我。当我失去平衡时，她扶着我。)”可推知，在准备节目的时候，作者发现她的妈妈是善解人意的和可靠的。故选D。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Through this, I realized one important fact: My mom will always be there to catch me if I fall.(通过这件事，我意识到一个重要的事实：如果我摔倒了，我妈妈永远会在那里接住我。)”可推知，作者从她的芭蕾舞经历中学到了母亲的爱是纯洁的，无条件的。故选C。
C
In an air-conditioned office, you may see men sporting shorts while their female co-workers wear jackets to keep warm. Why do women feel cold more easily than men
The accepted answer is that men and women feel temperature differently. Our bodies produce heat through metabolism (新陈代谢). One of the key factors of the metabolic rate is our muscles. Generally speaking, men have more muscles than women, leading to a higher metabolic rate. It means that more heat is created. As a result, men, on average, do not feel cold as easily as women. Yes, women and men have physical differences. But why is it women, in most cases, who feel more uncomfortable in a room set to a “comfortable” temperature The answer lies in the data bias (数据偏见) behind the model of temperature setting in buildings.
In a 2020 article in the journal Nature, Boris Kingma, a human thermal (热量的) performance researcher in the Netherlands, pointed out that most office buildings set the temperature in light of a model based on men’s metabolic rate. Female data were not considered when setting the model. In other words, temperatures for comfort in office buildings are mainly comfortable for men, not women. In his article, Kingma called for the end of this so-called “bias in thermal comfort”.
This is just one example of data bias. In her book, Caroline Perez gave more examples in which women were ignored in data collecting for scientific and technological research and design. Women are more likely to die from a serious car accident because a car’s safety equipment is designed for the typical body of a man. The medicine aspirin (阿司匹林) shows better performance in men since it was developed on data collected mostly from males. Women, who form half of the world’s population, seem to be ignored in these cases.
46. Why don’t men feel cold as easily as women, according to the text
A. Men have more fat to defeat cold. B. Men exercise more to produce heat.
C. Men have a higher metabolic rate. D. Men burn off less energy when moving.
47. What is the main cause of women feeling uncomfortable in office buildings’ temperature settings
A. Physical differences between men and women.
B. The data bias in thermal comfort models.
C. Variations in clothing choices.
D. Differences in heat tolerance.
48. What does Kingma think of the data bias behind the model of temperature setting
A. Unfair. B. Worrying. C. Acceptable. D. Reasonable.
49. Which is NOT an example of women being ignored for scientific and technological research and design
A. Safety equipment in cars. B. Temperature model setting.
C. Differences in clothing choices. D. Performance of medicine aspirin.
50. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Arguments about data bias. B. More examples of data bias.
C. Commentary on data bias. D. Reasons for human’s data bias.
【答案】46. C 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在科学技术研究开发的产品设计数据收集中，男性和女性因为身体的差异，产生的数据偏差的几个例子。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Generally speaking, men have more muscles than women, leading to a higher metabolic rate. It means that more heat is created. As a result, men, on average, do not feel cold as easily as women.”（一般来说，男性比女性有更多的肌肉，导致更高的新陈代谢率。这意味着产生了更多的热量。因此，平均而言，男性不像女性那样容易感到寒冷。）可知，男人不像女人那样容易感到冷是因为男性的新陈代谢率更高。故选C项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But why is it women, in most cases, who feel more uncomfortable in a room set to a “comfortable” temperature The answer lies in the data bias (数据偏见) behind the model of temperature setting in buildings.”（但为什么在大多数情况下，女性在设置为“舒适”温度的房间里会感到更不舒服呢 答案在于建筑温度设定模型背后的数据偏见。）可知，女性在办公大楼的温度设置中感到不舒服的主要原因是热舒适模型中的数据偏差。故选B项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Female data were not considered when setting the model. In other words, temperatures for comfort in office buildings are mainly comfortable for men, not women. In his article, Kingma called for the end of this so-called “bias in thermal comfort”.”（在建立模型时没有考虑女性数据。换句话说，办公楼里的舒适温度主要适合男性，而不是女性。在他的文章中，金玛呼吁结束这种所谓的“热舒适偏见”。）可推知，金玛认为温度设定模型背后的数据偏差是不公平的。故选A项。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This is just one example of data bias. In her book, Caroline Perez gave more examples in which women were ignored in data collecting for scientific and technological research and design. Women are more likely to die from a serious car accident because a car’s safety equipment is designed for the typical body of a man. The medicine aspirin (阿司匹林) shows better performance in men since it was developed on data collected mostly from males.”（这只是数据偏差的一个例子。卡洛琳·佩雷斯在她的书中列举了更多女性在科学技术研究和设计数据收集中被忽视的例子。女性更有可能死于严重的车祸，因为汽车的安全设备是为典型的男性身体设计的。阿司匹林在男性身上表现得更好，因为它是根据主要从男性身上收集的数据开发的。）结合文章第一个讲述的温度设定模型数据偏差，可知，服装选择的差异不是女性在科技研究和设计中被忽视的例子。故选C项。
50题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“This is just one example of data bias. In her book, Caroline Perez gave more examples in which women were ignored in data collecting for scientific and technological research and design. Women are more likely to die from a serious car accident because a car’s safety equipment is designed for the typical body of a man. The medicine aspirin (阿司匹林) shows better performance in men since it was developed on data collected mostly from males. Women, who form half of the world’s population, seem to be ignored in these cases.”（这只是数据偏差的一个例子。卡洛琳·佩雷斯在她的书中列举了更多女性在科学技术研究和设计数据收集中被忽视的例子。女性更有可能死于严重的车祸，因为汽车的安全设备是为典型的男性身体设计的。阿司匹林在男性身上表现得更好，因为它是根据主要从男性身上收集的数据开发的。在这些情况下，占世界人口一半的妇女似乎被忽视了。）可知，这段主要讲的是更多数据偏差的例子。故选B项。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共35分)
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Have you ever gotten stung by a bee Well, for 18-year-old Mikaila Ulmer from the US, her first bee sting at the age of 4 was a special experience. It inspired her to make a difference and turned her into an entrepreneur.
The bee sting scared Mikaila, but it also made her interested in the insect. She soon learned how important bees are for the planet and how they are at risk of dying out.
At not even 5 years old, Mikaila wanted to do something to help save the bees. With her parents’ help, she set up a lemonade stand in her front yard. She used her grandmother’s homemade lemonade recipe and added a little bit of honey to it. The money from every lemonade she sold went to bee protection groups.
But Mikaila wanted to do more. She made her special recipe into a product, called Me and the Bees Lemonade. At age 10, she went on a TV show with her dad to try to get funding and public attention. It worked. Now, more than 10 years since her first lemonade, five different drink products are procurable at many restaurants and stores across the country.
In 2020, Mikaila brought out a book about her experience as an entrepreneur called Bee Fearless, Dream Like a Kid. As she explained to CNBC, “I always say that it’s important to dream like a kid and that (as a kid) it’s the perfect age to start figuring out what you enjoy and trying new things and taking risks.”
51. What did Mikaila want to do after she was first stung by a bee (no more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
52. How did Mikaila make money at age 5 (no more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
53. What does the underlined word “procurable” in Para. 4 mean (1 word)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
54. What is Bee Fearless, Dream Like a Kid (no more than 5 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
55. What do you think of Mikaila And give your reasons. (no more than 20 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】51. Do something to help save the bees.
52. By selling homemade lemonade with honey.
53. Available.
54. A book about Mikaila’s experience.
55. I think she is kind and creative because she donates money to protect the bees and creates her own business.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Mikaila由于儿时被蜜蜂蜇伤的经历，开始了解蜜蜂的重要性，并开创了自己的企业，成为了成功的企业家的故事。
【51题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句“ She soon learned how important bees are for the planet and how they are at risk of dying out.”（她很快就了解到蜜蜂对地球的重要性，以及它们面临灭绝的危险。）及第三段第一句“At not even 5 years old, Mikaila wanted to do something to help save the bees.”（还不到5岁的时候，Mikaila就想做点什么来帮助拯救蜜蜂。）可知，在她第一次被蜇伤后，她了解到了蜜蜂的重要性，想做点什么来帮助拯救蜜蜂。故答案为Do something to help save the bees.
【52题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段最后两句“She used her grandmother’s homemade lemonade recipe and added a little bit of honey to it. The money from every lemonade she sold went to bee protection groups.”（她用了祖母自制的柠檬水配方，并加了一点蜂蜜。她卖出的每一杯柠檬水的收入都捐给了蜜蜂保护组织。）可知，5岁时，她通过售卖自制的蜂蜜柠檬水挣钱。故答案为By selling homemade lemonade with honey.
【53题详解】
考查词义猜测。根据第四段第一句“But Mikaila wanted to do more. She made her special recipe into a product, called Me and the Bees Lemonade. ”（但Mikaila想做得更多。她把她的特殊配方做成了一种产品，叫做“我和蜜蜂柠檬水”。）及最后一句“Now, more than 10 years since her first lemonade, five different drink products are procurable at many restaurants and stores across the country.”（现在，从她的第一杯柠檬水到现在已经有十多年了，有五种不同的饮料产品在全国各地的许多餐馆和商店procurable）可知，Mikaila现在已经创造了5种不同的饮料产品，这些产品在全国各地的餐馆和商店都可以买到。故推知procurable意为“可获得的”。故答案为Available.
【54题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句“In 2020, Mikaila brought out a book about her experience as an entrepreneur called Bee Fearless, Dream Like a Kid.”（2020年，Mikaila出版了一本关于她作为企业家的经历的书，名为《无畏的蜜蜂，像孩子一样梦想》。）可知，“Bee Fearless, Dream Like a Kid”是一本关于她的经历的书。故答案为A book about Mikaila’s experience.
【55题详解】
开放性题目。要求讲述自己对Mikaila的看法并说明理由。从Mikaila探究蜜蜂并致力于帮助拯救蜜蜂的行动及开创企业可知，她充满爱心和创新能力。故答案为I think she is kind and creative because she donates money to protect the bees and creates her own business.或I think she has a strong will because she sticks to her interest for a long time without giving up.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
56. 假设你是晨光中学高一学生李津，请给你校外教老师Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加本周日学校主题日活动(Theme Activity Day)。邮件内容包括：
(1)活动主题及意义；
(2)活动时间及内容；
(3)邀请参加并发言。
注意：
(1)词数不少于100；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Jim,
We haven’t met for a while. I am writing to invite you to take part in the Theme Activity Day held by our school this Sunday, whose theme is environmental protection. This activity aims to strengthen students’ awareness of environmental protection, creating a better and cleaner campus environment.
As planned, the members are to gather at Room 112 of the Teaching Building at 8:00 a.m. The activity will last for 100 minutes, including speechs by the principal and student representative, watching environmental propaganda videos and a quiz show.
I would like to invite you to deliver a speech on behalf of the teachers, which will enrich our activity and encourage students to practice environmental protection. I would appreciate it if you could give me an early reply.
Yours,
Li Jin
【解析】
【导语】本书面表达属于应用文写作。要求邀请外教老师参加学校主题日活动，并介绍活动的具体信息。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：take part in→participate in
加强：strengthen →enhance
意识：awareness→consciousness
按计划：as planned→as scheduled
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The activity will last for 100 minutes including speechs by the principal and student representative, watching environmental propaganda videos and a quiz show.
拓展句：The activity will last for 100 minutes, which includes speechs by the principal and student representative, watching environmental propaganda videos and a quiz show.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to invite you to take part in Theme Activity Day held by our school this Sunday, whose theme is environmental protection.（运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句及过去分词作后置定语）
【高分句型2】I would like to invite you to deliver a speech on behalf of the teachers, which will enrich our activity and encourage students to practice environmental protection.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）天津市部分区2023～2024学年度第一学期期末练习
高一英语
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共120分，考试用时间100分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共85分)
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)
注意：录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案写在题前括号里。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation take place
A. In the street. B. In the photo studio. C. At home.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A professor. B. A lecture. C. A research paper.
3. How does the man feel
A Envious. B. Disappointed. C. Surprised.
4. What will the man probably do next
A. Fetch the ticket. B. Drive to the laundry. C. Hang his coat out.
5. Who is the woman probably talking to
A. A taxi driver. B. A passenger. C. A policeman.
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段材料，回答第6至8小题。
6. Why does the woman ask the man for a ride
A. She wants to visit a patient.
B. She needs to see a doctor.
C. She plans to go to her teacher’s house.
7. What will the man do
A. Ask his mother for advice.
B. Borrow a car from his neighbor.
C. Pick some flowers from his garden.
8. How does the woman feel about the man
A. He’s unconcerned. B. He’s romantic. C. He’s helpful.
听下面一段材料，回答第9至11小题。
9. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a swimming pool. B. In a training center. C. On the phone.
10. How many times a week does the woman want to be trained
A. Twice. B. Three times. C. Five times.
11. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The woman can’t swim at all.
B. Members are given a free gift.
C. Every training class costs $50.
听下面一段材料，回答第12至15小题。
12. Where does the speaker come from
A. Dublin. B. Cork. C. Belfast.
13. Which quarter appeals to bar lovers
A. The Titanic Quarter. B. The Cathedral Quarter. C. The University Quarter.
14. What will appear when people drive up the Causeway Coastal Route
A. The Mussenden Temple. B. The Giant’s Castle. C. The Dunluce Causeway.
15. What does the speaker mean in the end
A. Northern Ireland is well worth visiting.
B. Tourists like to make friends with Irish people.
C. Many TV shows are filmed in Southern Ireland.
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Must I return the book tomorrow
—No, you ________. You can keep it until next Thursday.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. won’t D. needn’t
2. I managed to ________ my brother into accepting my idea to go camping this weekend.
A. persuade B. represent C. inspire D. identify
3. Cheer up! Everybody may have periods in their lives ________ everything seems tough.
A. which B. when C. what D. that
4. I was late, but ________ the meeting hadn’t started.
A. regularly B. fortunately C. gradually D. eventually
5. — Where is Ethan I can’t find him anywhere.
— He went to the library after lunch and ________ his essay there ever since.
A. had written B. is writing C. has been writing D. wrote
6. That football is such a simple game ________ is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
A. plays B. played C. playing D. to play
7. As a teenager, your body is ________ many physical changes, which need to be supported by a healthy, balanced diet.
A. passing down B. going through C. reflecting on D. catching up
8. This theory is known to be based on practice and ________ serves practice.
A. in need B. in return C. in place D. in turn
9. As is known to all, Diaoyu Island ________ China.
A. belonging to B. belongs to C. is belonged to D. belonged to
10. You can’t wear casual clothes in this ________ occasion.
A. common B. ordinary C. normal D. formal
11. ________ I know, the Alipay was started by Ma Yun.
A. As far as B. As well as C. As soon as D. As much as
12. I hurried to the airport only ________ the plane had left.
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
13. We don’t have the equipment to ________ the trees.
A. cut down B. sit down C. come down D. write down
14. Steven Spielberg’s film Jaws made people ________ of sharks, especially of the great white shark.
A. frighten B. to frighten C. frightened D. frightening
15. —Good morning Mr. Smith. I’m a little early. Should I wait outside
—No. ________.
A. That’s right B. My pleasure C. Come on in D. Take it easy
第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Decades ago, I traveled alone for the first time in my life. The trip to Colorado was not for business or family reasons, but just to travel and ____16____.
As I prepared for it, I felt excited and ____17____ at the same time. Would it be fun Would I be bored Would I stay in bed all day or would I jump with excitement to do the next thing I wasn’t ____18____. Little did I know that it was going to be so ____19____ a journey of self-discovery.
As a good wife and mom, for me, travel is always about the ____20____: Always thinking of who would ____21____ what. Because it’s about family time. But when travel ____22____, who would I connect with What would I do Well, I found that I got to do anything I ____23____!
While traveling I met locals and also other ____24____. Honestly, I had conversations ____25____—on planes, while hiking, in restaurants.
It was quite a(n) ____26____ experience to meet a mom of 18 kids and hundreds of adopted kids, a cookie baker, and an internationally ranked marathon runner. The inspiring stories I discovered were ____27____ and nothing was like my wonderful and ____28____ life at home. I got to go rock climbing by myself, go hiking solo, and eat ____29____. And it was all ____30____, going smoothly. Actually, I felt surprisingly ____31____.
It was just me, my SUV and my backpack for a week. ____32____, it was a breath of fresh air that I didn’t ____33____ existed. It’s wonderful to be back home and know that possibilities are ____34____ and there is so much more out there to ____35____ and discover!
16. A. exchange B. succeed C. research D. discover
17. A. tired B. nervous C. proud D. lucky
18. A. sure B. ready C. confused D. worried
19. A. disappointing B. ordinary C. memorable D. difficult
20. A. fun B. family C. scenery D. rest
21. A. enjoy B. miss C. see D. arrange
22. A. helplessly B. shortly C. independently D. confidently
23. A. remembered B. wanted C. doubted D. promised
24. A. travelers B. wives C. moms D. drivers
25. A. regularly B. carefully C. everywhere D. elsewhere
26. A. challenging B. depressing C. eye-opening D. strange
27. A. common B. classic C. annoying D. incredible
28. A. dull B. safe C. healthy D. exciting
29. A. all alone B. in group C. far away D. very well
30. A. wrong B. uncertain C. special D. fine
31. A. lonely B. messy C. empty D. normal
32. A. Or rather B. At last C. Above all D. In addition
33. A. wish B. admit C. prove D. know
34. A. endless B. enough C. far D. necessary
35. A. imagine B. explore C. improve D. learn
第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The 2024 Peace Poetry Awards
The awards contest is to encourage people to explore peace and the human spirit. There are three age categories: Adult (19 & over), Youth (13-18), and Youth (12 & under). The yearly contest is open to people worldwide. Your poems must be unpublished, and in English.
Deadline
All entries must be submitted by July 1st. 2024.
Entry Fee
Adult (19 & over) — $15
Youth (13 - 18) — $5
Youth (12 & under) — no fee
Notes
1. You may submit up to three unpublished poems. At most 30 lines per poem.
2. Include name, address, email, telephone number, and age in the upper right-hand corner of each poem. For the Youth (12 & under) category, please also include your school’s name and your teacher’s name.
3. Title each poem.
4. Please keep copies of all entries as we will be unable to return them.
5. Email your entries to: cwarner@napf.org and Click here to pay your entry fee online; or send your entries and entry fee to Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 1622 Anacapa Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93101.
Awards
Adult Winner — $1,000
Youth (13-18) Winner — $200
Youth (12 & under) Winner — $200
Winners will be announced by October 1st, 2024 on our website. Winners will be notified by email. Past years winning poems can be found here.
36. What does the contest encourage people to explore
A. Development and challenge. B. Cooperation and competition.
C. Peace and human spirit. D. Disease and health.
37. What can we learn about the contest
A. It includes two categories.
B. It is held every three years.
C. It only accepts poems in English.
D. It is only open to people aged 12 and over.
38. You should write the following in the upper right-hand corner of each poem EXCEPT ______.
A. name B. email C. age D. fax
39. To enter the contest, a 12-year-old boy must ______.
A. pay an entry fee of $5 B. write a poem of at least 30 lines
C. submit his entry by October 1st, 2024 D. include his teacher’s name in his entry
40. What will an adult winner get
A. $200 in prize money. B. $1,000 in prize money.
C. A collection of this year’s winning poems. D. A collection of past years winning poems.
B
I’ll always remember the first time I tried ballet. My mother was a dancer and I wanted nothing more than to be like her, but after making mistakes during my first class, I felt like I wanted to quit right away. However, I told my mom I couldn’t wait to dance again because it was only my first day.
Weeks passed and my dancing didn’t get any better. Then my dance teacher announced that we were going to perform in a show. I was scared of falling on my face in front of hundreds of people and disappointing my mom.
Even though I practiced hard for the show, I never quite got the hang of it. Finally, I went to my mom to tell her how I felt. She simply laughed and told me she would teach me all she knew about ballet.
My mom quickly discovered how bad at ballet I was, but she still taught me with the greatest patience, love and understanding. When I jumped and fell, she was there to catch me. When I lost my balance, she held me up. By the time the show arrived, I was as prepared as I could be.
The music began and my heart started to race. Breathing calmly, I began moving to the music without missing a step. When the music stopped, I ran off the stage and laughed in excitement.
My mom found me and gave me a huge hug, telling me how proud she was. I looked my mom in the eye and told her that there was no way this could have happened without her. Through this, I realized one important fact: My mom will always be there to catch me if I fall.
41. What happened to the author on her first day of ballet
A. She fell down and hurt herself. B. She made no mistakes while dancing.
C. She realized she was talented in ballet. D. She lied to her mom about liking ballet.
42. What does the underlined phrase “got the hang of it” mean
A. learned to do it well. B. lost interest in it. C. had trouble with it. D. jumped high in the air.
43. How did the mother respond when the author expressed her difficulties in ballet
A. She simply laughed and ignored her concerns completely.
B. She encouraged her to quit and pursue something else.
C. She offered to teach her everything she knew about ballet.
D. She scolded her strictly for not practising enough.
44. When preparing for the show, the author found out that her mom
was ______.
A. nervous and dependable. B. calm and impatient.
C. excited and concerned. D. understanding and reliable.
45. What did the author learn from her ballet experience
A. Don’t be afraid of disappointing others.
B. Never try something you are not good at.
C. A mother’s love is pure and unconditional.
D. Every mom will be proud of their children’s achievements.
C
In an air-conditioned office, you may see men sporting shorts while their female co-workers wear jackets to keep warm. Why do women feel cold more easily than men
The accepted answer is that men and women feel temperature differently. Our bodies produce heat through metabolism (新陈代谢). One of the key factors of the metabolic rate is our muscles. Generally speaking, men have more muscles than women, leading to a higher metabolic rate. It means that more heat is created. As a result, men, on average, do not feel cold as easily as women. Yes, women and men have physical differences. But why is it women, in most cases, who feel more uncomfortable in a room set to a “comfortable” temperature The answer lies in the data bias (数据偏见) behind the model of temperature setting in buildings.
In a 2020 article in the journal Nature, Boris Kingma, a human thermal (热量的) performance researcher in the Netherlands, pointed out that most office buildings set the temperature in light of a model based on men’s metabolic rate. Female data were not considered when setting the model. In other words, temperatures for comfort in office buildings are mainly comfortable for men, not women. In his article, Kingma called for the end of this so-called “bias in thermal comfort”.
This is just one example of data bias. In her book, Caroline Perez gave more examples in which women were ignored in data collecting for scientific and technological research and design. Women are more likely to die from a serious car accident because a car’s safety equipment is designed for the typical body of a man. The medicine aspirin (阿司匹林) shows better performance in men since it was developed on data collected mostly from males. Women, who form half of the world’s population, seem to be ignored in these cases.
46. Why don’t men feel cold as easily as women, according to the text
A. Men have more fat to defeat cold. B. Men exercise more to produce heat.
C. Men have a higher metabolic rate. D. Men burn off less energy when moving.
47. What is the main cause of women feeling uncomfortable in office buildings’ temperature settings
A. Physical differences between men and women.
B. The data bias in thermal comfort models.
C. Variations in clothing choices.
D. Differences in heat tolerance.
48. What does Kingma think of the data bias behind the model of temperature setting
A. Unfair. B. Worrying. C. Acceptable. D. Reasonable.
49. Which is NOT an example of women being ignored for scientific and technological research and design
A. Safety equipment in cars. B. Temperature model setting.
C. Differences in clothing choices. D. Performance of medicine aspirin.
50. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Arguments about data bias. B. More examples of data bias.
C. Commentary on data bias. D. Reasons for human’s data bias.
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共35分)
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Have you ever gotten stung by a bee Well, for 18-year-old Mikaila Ulmer from the US, her first bee sting at the age of 4 was a special experience. It inspired her to make a difference and turned her into an entrepreneur.
The bee sting scared Mikaila but it also made her interested in the insect. She soon learned how important bees are for the planet and how they are at risk of dying out.
At not even 5 years old, Mikaila wanted to do something to help save the bees. With her parents’ help, she set up a lemonade stand in her front yard. She used her grandmother’s homemade lemonade recipe and added a little bit of honey to it. The money from every lemonade she sold went to bee protection groups.
But Mikaila wanted to do more. She made her special recipe into a product, called Me and the Bees Lemonade. At age 10, she went on a TV show with her dad to try to get funding and public attention. It worked. Now, more than 10 years since her first lemonade, five different drink products are procurable at many restaurants and stores across the country.
In 2020, Mikaila brought out a book about her experience as an entrepreneur called Bee Fearless, Dream Like a Kid. As she explained to CNBC, “I always say that it’s important to dream like a kid and that (as a kid) it’s the perfect age to start figuring out what you enjoy and trying new things and taking risks.”
51. What did Mikaila want to do after she was first stung by a bee (no more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
52. How did Mikaila make money at age 5 (no more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
53. What does the underlined word “procurable” in Para. 4 mean (1 word)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
54. What is Bee Fearless, Dream Like a Kid (no more than 5 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
55. What do you think of Mikaila And give your reasons. (no more than 20 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
56. 假设你是晨光中学高一学生李津，请给你校外教老师Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加本周日学校主题日活动(Theme Activity Day)。邮件内容包括：
(1)活动主题及意义；
(2)活动时间及内容；
(3)邀请参加并发言。
注意：
(1)词数不少于100；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
