2023—2024学年度第一学期九年级质量监测
英语试题参考答案及评分标准
听力部分
I. 1—5 BCBCC
II. 6—10ABCAC
III. 11—15 CAABC 16—18 CBC
IV. 19-21 BCC 22—25 CBAB
V. 26. local 27. Monday 28. hall 29. show 30. role
评分标准：1. 1~30每小题 1分，计 30分；
2. 凡与答案不符者不得分。
笔试部分
VI. 31-35 DCCBA 36-40 ACBCB
VII. 41-45 BDCCB 46-50 CDBBC
VIII. 51—53 BCD 54-56 BBC 57-60 DBAC 61—65 CBAAB
评分标准：1. 31~50每小题 1分，计 20分；51~65每小题 2分，计 30分。
2. 凡与答案不符者不得分。
IX. 66. Chinese astronauts
67. went into space/ flew into space/ realized his dream/his dream came true
68. (For) six months/half a year
69. A hero/She thinks he is a hero
70. 开放答案：
Never giving up/Working hard all the time
评分标准：1. 每小题 2分，计 10分。
2. 凡与答案不符，但所填内容与答案意思相近且与题目要求相符者，可酌给
分。有关语法及拼写（包括大小写）等错误酌情减分。
X. 71. wonderful 72. for 73. myself 74. was 75. pages 76. Luckily 77. a 78. if 79. felt
80. best
评分标准：1. 每小题 1分，计 10分。
2. 凡与答案不符，但所填词语与题目要求相符者，可酌情给分。
XI. 81. What a heavy snow
82. Shall we have fun outside
83. I’ll put on my scarf and gloves
84. But be careful not to slip and fall
85. I think safety should come first
评分标准： 1. 每小题 1分，计 5分。 2. 凡与答案不符者不得分。
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86. Possible version
In my family, my mother and father often prepare and cook meals and sometimes my
brother and I help them. My family all like eating all kinds of meat, especially beef and
chicken except my mother. She prefers vegetables. Every day we also have different food
groups, such as fruits, protein foods and calcium foods. My brother and I both drink one
bag of milk every day.
In my opinion, our family diet is a little unhealthy. To make it better and more
balanced, I think we need to have more vegetables and less meat in future.
一、评分原则
1. 本题总分为 15分，按五个档次给分。
2. 评分时，先根据短文的内容要点初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的语言要求
来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3. 文中若出现真实的人名、校名或地名，酌情减分。
二、内容要点
三、评分标准
包含了所有要点，能围绕内容要点适当发挥，内容具体、丰富；
13-15 应用了较丰富的语言结构和词汇，用词准确，句子通顺，行文连一档 分
贯，表达清楚；没有或几乎没有语言错误，具备较强的语言运用
能力，达到了预期的写作目的。
基本包含了所有要点，并有一定发挥，内容比较丰富；应用的语
二档 10-12分 言结构和词汇能满足任务要求，句子较通顺，表达较清楚；有少
量语言错误，基本达到了预期的写作目的。
包含了多数要点，并有所发挥，内容不够丰富、具体，字数较少；
7-9 句子不够通顺，语言表达过于简单，行文不够连贯；有部分语言三档 分
错误。
4-6 只包含了少数要点，内容过少；句子无条理，语言不规范，行文四档 分
不连贯；语言错误较多。
0-3 只包含了一个要点或所写内容与要求几乎无关，内容杂乱，不知五档 分
所云；语言很不通顺，用词很不准确；错误过多，几乎难以读懂。
四、说明
1. 内容要点可以用不同方式表达;
2. 相同的错误不重复计算。
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2023—2024 学年第一学期期末质量监测
九年级英语试卷听力录音原文
这是 2023—2024 学年第一学期期末质量监测九年级英语试卷听力部分。听力部分
共有五道题。第一题至第四题为选择题，第五题为填空题。
现在是听力试音时间。
M: Excuse me, but could you tell me how to get to the cinema
W:Which cinema
M: The Capital Cinema.
W: Oh, it’s a long way from here. You’d better take a bus.
M: Which bus shall I take then
W: I think you need to take No. 7.
M: Thanks a lot.
W: You’re welcome.
试音到此结束。
第一题：听句子，选出句子中所包含的信息。
下面你将听到五个句子，每个句子读两遍。请你听完句子的第二遍朗读后，从每小
题所给出的 A、B、C三个选项中，选出包含所听信息的选项。
No. 1. Good morning, class. Today we’ll talk about our script.
No. 2. Mom, I hope to make lots of progress in chemistry next term.
No. 3. You know, this writer is very popular online.
No. 4. Kate, I have finished writing my poem.
No. 5. Oh, Linda was acting the play with her classmateAlice at that time.
第二题：听句子，选出该句的最佳答语。
下面你将听到五个句子，每个句子读两遍。请你听完句子的第二遍朗读后，从每小
题所给出的 A、B、C三个选项中，选出该句的最佳答语。
No. 6. Sally, what’s the matter with you
No. 7. Be careful with fire and heat when you cook, Brian.
No. 8. What kind of movies do you like to watch, Amy
No. 9. Mike, do you think it’s easy to write a story
No. 10. How do you politely tell someone not to smoke around you
第三题：听对话和问题，选择正确答案。
下面你将听到四组对话和八个问题，每组对话和问题读两遍。请你听完对话和问题的
第二遍朗读后，从每小题所给出的 A、B、C三个选项中，选出正确答案。
请听第一组对话，完成第 11 题。
W:What do we need for our project, Tim
M: First we need a telescope.
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W: Oh, I think we can borrow one.
Question No. 11. What do they need for their project
请听第二组对话，回答第 12 题。
M: Have you experienced an earthquake, Tony
W:Yes, it's terrible. When the earth began to shake, we got under a table.
M: How long did you stay there
W:About a few seconds. Then we ran outside.
Question No. 12. What did they do first
请听第三组对话，回答第 13 至 15 题。
M: Hey, Lisa, long time no see.What are you busy doing these days
W:Oh, Jack. I'm planning to write a story.
M: Really What is it about
W: It's about a girl called Daisy. She is a reporter. And she is fighting to help the
weak.
M: It sounds like a good story. How many words would you like to write
W:About ten thousand.
M: Oh, good. When will you finish it
W: I plan to finish it in June.
M: Great! Come on. I'm looking forward to reading it.
W: Thank you.
Question No. 13. What is Lisa doing now
Question No. 14.What does Daisy do
Question No. 15. When is Lisa going to finish it
请听第四组对话，回答第 16 至 18 题。
M: Hi, Joe. I went to the cinema yesterday.
W: Hi, Paul. Did you go to Yaxing cinema It has the best sound.
M: No, I went to Jinyi Theatre. It has the most comfortable seats.
W: Did you see Super Pets
M: No, I saw Rock Dog 3. It was about a music show.
W: Who did you go with
M: Victor had expected to come, but he couldn't. So I went with Mark.
W: What did you think of the movie
M:We both think it’s well worth watching again.
Question No. 16. What does Paul like about Jinyi Theatre
Question No. 17. What was the movie Rock Dog 3 about
Question No. 18. Who did Paul go to the cinema with
第四题：听短文和问题，选择正确答案。
下面你将听到两篇短文和七个问题，每篇短文和问题读两遍，请你听完短文和问题
的第二遍朗读后，从每小题所给出的 A、B、C 三个选项中，选出正确答案。
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下面请听第一篇短文，回答第 19至 21小题。
Good morning, everyone. Now I'd like to introduce the plan for the coming science
activity. Mr. Chen, a famous scientist, will give us a speech. It will be at 3:00 on Tuesday
afternoon and last for an hour. Each class should turn on the computer at 2:50 to listen to
the speech. It is really a great chance to learn science. If you have any questions, please
come to my office and ask again.
Question No. 19. What is the speaker introducing
Question No. 20. When will the speech end
Question No. 21. How can the students listen to the speech
下面请听第二篇短文，回答第 22至 25小题。
Dear Gina,
I'm sorry that I argued with your seven days ago. We haven't talked to each other
since then. You are my best friend, are you That day I heard you lost my book. I was
really mad so I fought with you. Later I didn't sleep well that night. I always remember
you. So I decided to write a letter to say sorry to you. I also think you should be careful
and take good care of your own things. Let's be friends again. OK
Yours
Lisa
Question No. 22. How long haven’t Lisa and Gina talked to each other
Question No. 23. What’s the relationship between them
Question No. 24. Why did Lisa fight with Gina
Question No. 25. What’s Lisa’s advice for Gina
第五题，听短文，填空。
下面你将听到一篇短文，短文读两遍。请你听完短文的第二遍朗读后，根据短文的
内容和提示，在信息表中相应的横线上填入所缺信息。
Here’s good news for us! Our school will invite Mr. Tian, an officer from the local
police station, to give us a report on Safety Education. The talk will be at three o'clock on
Monday afternoon. And it will be given in the school hall. Mr. Tian will show us some
examples about safety problems. Also he will offer some advice on how we protect
ourselves in different situations. Besides, two activities: role playing, questions and
answers, are included during his talk. In the end, those who take part in the activities will
get a set of postcards as e and join us.
听力部分到此结束。预祝同学们取得好成绩!
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英语试题
注意事项：本试卷共 8页，总分 120分，考试时间 120分钟。
听力部分
Ⅰ. 听句子，选出句子中所包含的信息 （共 5小题；每小题 1分，满分 5分）
1. A. a rule B. a script C. a task
2. A. take training B. give advice C. make progress
3. A. a young director B. a popular writer C. a nice musician
4. A. I watched a movie.
B. I often read fables.
C. I have written a poem.
5. A. Linda was listening to music.
B. Linda’s classmate was talking loudly.
C. Linda and her classmate were acting the play.
Ⅱ. 听句子，选出该句的最佳答语 （共 5小题；每小题 1分，满分 5分）
6. A. I have a fever. B. It is safe. C. No way.
7. A. You’d better not. B. OK, I will. C. Much better.
8. A. You look pale. B. They are interesting. C. I like comedies.
9. A. Yes, it is. B. I’d love to. C. She dislikes it.
10. A. Don’t smoke around me.
B. Hey, it’s not right for you to smoke here.
C. Excuse me, would you please not smoke here
Ⅲ. 听对话和问题，选择正确答案（共 8小题；每小题 1分，满分 8分）
11. What do they need for their project
A. B. C.
12. What did they do first
A. B. C.
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13. What is Lisa doing now
A. Planning a story. B.Writing a fairy tale. C. Directing a film.
14. What does Daisy do
A. A dancer. B. A reporter. C. An artist.
15. When is Lisa going to finish it
A. In January. B. In March. C. In June.
***********************************************************************
16. What does Paul like about Jinyi Theatre
A. Its screens. B. Its sound. C. Its seats.
17. What was the movie Rock Dog 3 about
A. Family pets. B. Amusic show. C. A dance show.
18. Who did Paul go to the cinema with
A. Joe. B. Victor. C. Mark.
Ⅳ. 听短文和问题，选择正确答案 （共 7小题；每小题 1分，满分 7分）
19. What is the speaker introducing
A. The way of making a survey.
B. The plan for the science activity.
C. The methods of doing experiments.
20. When will the speech end
A. At 2:50 p.m. B. At 3:00 p.m. C. At 4:00 p.m.
21. How can the students listen to the speech
A. On the radio. B. On the smartphone. C. On the computer.
*************************************************************************************
22. How long haven’t Lisa and Gina talked to each other
A. For three day. B. For five days. C. For seven days.
23. What’s the relationship between them
A. Classmates. B. Friends. C. Sisters.
24. Why did Lisa fight with Gina
A. Because Gina lost Lisa’s book.
B. Because Lisa didn’t lend Gina her bike.
C. Because Gina forgot to invite Lisa to her party.
25. What’s Lisa’s advice for Gina
A. Be polite to others.
B. Take good care of her own things.
C. Don’t hurt others’ feelings.
Ⅴ. 听短文填空（共 5小题；每小题 1分，满分 5分）
A Report on Safety Education
Who Mr. Tian, an officer from the 26. ____________police station
When At three o’clock on 27. _____________afternoon
Where In the school 28. _____________
He’ll 29. ___________some examples and offer some advice.
What There are also two activities: 30._________playing, questions and
answers.
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笔试部分
VI. 单项选择（共 10小题; 每小题 1分，满分 10分）
选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
31. You are certain to succeed ________ doing your e on!
A. on B. of C. at D. in
32. —Whose bike is this
—Oh, I saw Betty put it near here. Maybe it’s_________.
A. his B. mine C. hers D. yours
33. David, go to bed early, ________ you will feel sleepy in class tomorrow.
A. and B. so C. or D. but
34. Could you please turn down the TV Your father _______ on his article.
A. was working B. is working C.worked D. works
35. —How beautiful the paper cutting is! Who made it
—It _______ be Linda. She’s the only one that can make it in our class.
A. must B. would C. can D. could
36. We should ______our hats when we watch the national flag-raising ceremony (仪式).
A. take off B. put off C. turn off D. get off
37. If you go to the concert with us next weekend, you ________ a great time there.
A. have B. had C. will have D. have had
38. I am sorry I didn’t answer your phone because I ________ the piano at that time.
A. played B. was playing C. am playing D. have played
39. It is necessary to ask your parents or teachers for some advice ______ you make the
final decision.
A. because B. unless C. before D. after
40. —Have you watched the old movie Zhang Ga, the Soldier Boy, Chen Hui
—Yes, I have. It ____________in Baiyangdian Lake in the 1960s.
A. made B. was made C. is made D. makes
VII. 完形填空（共 10小题；每小题 1分，满分 10分）
阅读下面短文，从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Tom had a bad toothache. His mother wanted to take him to the dentist’s, but he
41 . He was afraid of the 42 when the dentist had to extract(拔出) his tooth. Tom’s
mother told him that if he did not visit the dentist, the pain would get 43 . At last,
Tom had to agree.
There were not many people at the dentist’s. 44 , it was Tom’s turn. He walked
nervously into the room and sat down. The dentist looked 45 and said hello to him
with a smile. He asked Tom to open his mouth. And then he told Tom that he had to
extract the 46 tooth. The dentist gave Tom an injection (注射) and 47 him that
he would not feel any pain.
Tom really did not feel any pain. Then the dentist advised Tom to brush his teeth
twice a day and taught him the right 48 of brushing his teeth. He also told Tom not
to eat too many sweet things 49 his teeth would be healthy.
After that, Tom 50 how important it was to protect his teeth. It was an
unforgettable experience for him.
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41. A. cheered B. refused C. nodded D. joked
42. A. aid B. trust C. success D. pain
43. A. better B. smaller C. worse D. warmer
44. A. Directly B. Often C. Soon D. Recently
45. A. serious B. friendly C. loud D. careless
46. A. left B. scary C. bad D. soft
47. A. allowed B. asked C. warned D. promised
48. A. law B. way C. rule D. scene
49. A. ever since B. so that C. even if D. till now
50. A. regretted B. hoped C. realized D. guessed
VIII. 阅读理解（共 15小题；每小题 2分，满分 30分）
阅读 A、B、C、D四篇材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Kids in British schools can do many sports. Here are several students talking about
their school sports.
Graig Hopkins
I love playing football and cricket(板球). My favorite sport is rowing. There is a big
lake near my school, and we go there once a week to row. I’m in the school team and two
or three times a year we row against teams from schools in other parts of the country.
Julia
I’m not in any team, but I can swim, play tennis and baseball at school. I love
orienteering(越野识途比赛 ) most! In orienteering, you have to run and run—but you
have to find where to go, too! You have a map and a compass(指南针), and you have to
get to a place as fast as possible. It’s great fun.
Brendan
I have played handball with Newcastle Tigers for nearly two years. It’s a very
enjoyable team sport. This year I won the best player of the year award. I also joined a
handball club at school and some other school sports.
51. How often does Graig Hopkins row in the lake near their school
A. Two or three times a year. B. Once a week.
C. Every day. D. Three times a month.
52. In what sport do you have a map and a compass according to the passage
A. Rowing. B. Football.
C. Orienteering. D. Handball.
53. What do the listed students have in common(共同的)
A. They are the best players of the year at school.
B. They show no interest in team sports.
C. They are members of the school teams.
D. They can choose many kinds of school sports.
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B
Now Chinese movies have become one of the favorites among the young people in
Malawi(马拉维). Many people can enjoy them in video show halls, homes and through the
Internet.
Luis Ndalama, 38, is a businessman who has been doing a videodisc(影碟) business
for over 15 years. He told Xinhua News Agency(新 华 社 ) his customers have been
watching Chinese movies for a long time. However, because they didn’t understand
Chinese, many of them used to have difficulties in following the movies. “But with time,
we have seen many Chinese movies with subtitles(字幕 ), and this helps many of my
customers to understand them even better. ” Ndalama said.
In an interview with Xinhua, many young people were able to explain things they
learned from movies about China. “It’s always fun watching Chinese movies. At first it
was very hard to understand them. Because everything about them and us was different
in terms(词语 ) of language, food, dressing, dances and many other cultural values. But
now, there are a lot of things that I know about China through movies. For example, I
know about Kung Fu, the Great wall, food like Biang Biang noodles and many other
interesting things about China,” Khama said.
54. What can we say about the young people in Malawi
A. They are interested in making movies.
B. They show great interest in Chinese movies.
C. They prefer to do business with Chinese people.
D. They think it difficult to communicate in Chinese.
55. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. Customers. B. Movies.
C. Subtitles. D. Interviews.
56. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Chinese movies are popular in the world.
B. More and more people start to study in China.
C. Chinese movies help foreigners learn about Chinese culture.
D. Lots of foreign people were interviewed by Xinhua Agency.
C
Some animals can easily find their way home after a long journey. How do they make
it Scientific research shows that they are born with certain unusual abilities for
direction.
A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost. They
can go as far as 110 metres and bring food home. These ants live in the open desert, so
they have nothing to guide them along the way. It’s like someone walking six kilometres
through a dark forest.
Some fish have an unbelievable(不可思议的 ) sense of smell. They can smell even a
single drop of their home water in a large sea area. Some sea birds have a similar ability.
They are able to make a smell map of their flying area.
Some animals can sense the earth’s magnetic field (磁场), while humans can’t. This
magnetic field guides a certain kind of fish when they swim a long way to a place and then
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back. How can this kind of fish do that It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good
answers yet.
However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with
environmental changes caused by human activities. For example, many birds depend on
stars for direction, but they get lost easily at night when city lights are kept on all night.
To solve this problem, we can simply(仅仅 ) turn off some lights at night. Clearly, one
small act of humans may mean a lot to animals.
57. Where is this passage most probably from
A. A storybook. B. An art magazine.
C. A guidebook. D. A science magazine.
58. How can a certain kind of ants find their way
A. By imagining the way. B. By counting their steps.
C. By bringing food together. D. By walking through a forest.
59. What are people advised to do according to the last paragraph
A. To help animals. B. To travel at night.
C. To keep city lights on. D. To develop unusual abilities.
60. Which can be the best title for the passage
A. Birds Sense of Light B. Fish’s Sense of Smell
C. Animals’ Sense of Direction D. Animals’ Sense of Magnetic Field
D
It’s believed that children are too young to fully appreciate (欣赏 ) the experience
and knowledge of their elders, while many think that old people don’t understand the
young. But in fact, both groups have a lot to learn from each other.
James Smith manages the Smith’s Care Home in my city. It is mainly an
organization for serving the elderly（老年人）. But not all of its visitors are old people. The
home also includes a childcare center for pre-school ( 学 龄 前 的 ) kids. There is a
playground in the care home, where the elderly can play with the kids. In this way, they
can learn more about each other, and respect and understand one another.
I think this is quite an interesting idea. For one thing, we live in a world where there
are more and more old people. The world is facing this problem and its population ages.
It will be important for young people to be able to understand and care for the elderly in
the coming years.
It is a pity that my own grandparents weren’t around when I was little, as they had
already passed away. I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes. or
what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age. To me, their lives
will always be a mystery.
However, I think I can still learn from other people of older generations(一代人). I
might find some of their ideas out of date, and they might believe that my generation’s
way of thinking is strange or incorrect. But we can still learn from each other anyway.
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61. What is special about the Smith’s Care Home
A. It is only a childcare center.
B. The kids there don’t like the elderly.
C. It accepts both the elderly and pre-school kids.
D. The elderly look after kids carefully there.
62. In the writer’s opinion (观点), what problem is the world facing
A. Pre-school kids need to be taken care of.
B. There are more and more old people.
C. The world’s population is dropping rapidly.
D. There aren’t enough care homes for old people.
63. Which word is close to the underlined word “manages” in Paragraph2
A. Runs. B. Sells.
C. Closes. D. Moves.
64. How does the writer develop his/her idea in this text
A. By giving examples. B. By listing numbers.
C. By asking questions. D. By doing experiments.
65. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To explain why the writer wants to know more about kids.
B. To encourage different generations to learn from each other.
C. To show that older generations’ way of thinking is strange.
D. To describe the reasons why James Smith loves serving the elderly.
IX . 任务型阅读（共 5小题，每小题 2分，满分 10分）
阅读下面短文，按要求完成 66～70题。
These days, the word “taikonaut” is hot in the world. It is a special name for Chinese
astronauts. Today, let’s meet one of them—Deng Qingming.
In 1998, Deng Qingming became a member of the first group of Chinese astronauts.
For the next 25 years, he was always ready to fly. He waited and waited. At the age of 56,
Deng’s dream finally came true. Not long ago, he joined Shenzhou-15’s team and went
into space.
Shenzhou-15’s team spent six months in space. After they met with Shenzhon-14’s
team, they took over their job. They helped complete the Tiangong Space Station, do some
science experiments and go on spacewalks.
The journey to his dream took a very long time. Deng once felt sad and hurt. But he
never gave up. He worked hard all the time and finally his dream came true. The trip to
space was not only exciting for Deng, but also for his family and friends. His daughter,
who also works for China’s Space Program, said with pride, “My father is a hero!”
66、67题完成句子；68~70题简略回答问题。
66. “Taikonaut” is a special name for ___________________________________________.
67. At age 56, Deng Qingming joined Shenzhou-15’s team and ______________________.
68. How long did Shenzhou-15’s team spend in space
________________________________________________________________________.
69. What does Deng Qingming’s daughter think of him
_______________________________________________________________________.
70. What do you think made Deng Qingming’s dream come true
________________________________________________________________________.
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X . 词语运用（共 10小题；每小题 1分，满分 10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词(有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形
式)。
When I was in primary(小学的) school, I enjoyed reading. The books brought me a
71. ___________(wonder) world. However, my parents could not buy so many books 72.
________me. I had to solve the problem 73.___________(I).
There 74. ________(be) a bookstore near my home. I didn’t know whether I could
read there without buying any books. Once I tried reading a few 75.________(page) and
then put the book back. 76._________(Lucky), no one noticed me. After that, I went there
to read every day. One day, the owner(主人) came up with 77.________ smile, “You will
be able to read books here 78._________you can help me clean the shop.” he said to me. I
79. _______(feel)a little embarrassed but excited. Finally, I became one of the 80. _______
(good) writers in our school. I’ll be always thankful for the kind shopkeeper.
XI. 基础写作（包括 A、B两部分，A部分 5分，B部分 15分，共 20分 ）
A）连词成句（共 5小题；每小题 1分, 满分 5分）
将所给词语连成句子，要求符合语法，语句通顺，大小写正确，词语不得重复使用。
句末标点已给出。
81. a, snow, heavy, what
______________________________________________________________!
82. outside, we, have fun, shall
______________________________________________________________
83. my, I’ll, scarf and gloves, put on
______________________________________________________________.
84. to slip and fall, not, but, be careful
______________________________________________________________.
85. should, I, come first, think, safety
_____________________________________________________________.
B) 书面表达（满分 15分）
86. 饮食与健康密切相关, 家庭饮食习惯各有不同。假如你是王梅，你的英语老师做了一
个关于家庭饮食的小调查，请你根据调查内容写一篇短文，在英语课上与同学们分享。
1. Who often prepares and cooks meals in your family
2. What are your family’s eating habits
3. What do you think of your family diet and what’s your advice for it
注意：（1）短文必须包括以上所有要点，可适当发挥;
（2）文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名;
（3）词数 80个左右 (开头已给出，不计入总词数)。
Hello, everyone, I’mWang Mei. I’m happy to share my family diet with you today.
____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
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