江西省宜春市宜丰县2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末考试英语试题（含答案 无听力音频 含听力原文）

江西省宜春市宜丰县2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试卷
第一部分 听力理解（共30分）
1. Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. At home. B. At school. C. In the company.
2. What will the man do on Friday
A. Go to a party. B. Enjoy food at the fair. C. Show his horse.
3. How does the man feel
A. Excited. B. Worried. C. Nervous.
4. How long will the man’s friends wait for him
A. 45 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 15 minutes.
5. What does the man mean
A. His mom likes the cat. B. He can’t help the woman this time.
C. The woman’s mom will be sick for keeping the cat.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What do the speakers talk about
A. A weekend plan. B. A football game. C. Watching TV.
7. What can we know about the man
A. He doesn’t like football. B. He doesn’t know football rules.
C. He will watch a football match on Friday.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why does Alex use Zoom
A. To keep in contact with his tutors. B. To be familiar with this app.
C. To express his opinion.
9. Where will Alex most likely go
A. To Italy. B. To Australia. C. To Spain.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What is Mr. Walker doing
A. Ordering food. B. Parking the car. C. Fishing in the lake.
11. What is the restaurant most famous for
A. Its fresh seafood. B. Its excellent steaks. C. Its beautiful views.
12. What will the woman do next
A. Take an order. B. Call her husband. C. Go to the rest room.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. What does the man think of the Montessori education approach
A. It will inspire children’s creativity. B. It will give children more time to play.
C. It will encourage children to be active.
14. How long will the training last on Saturday
A. 7 hours. B. 6 hours. C. 5 hours.
15. Why won’t the woman participate in the training this weekend
A. She has to work. B. Her son’s birthday is on this weekend.
C. She wants to visit her friends.
16. How does the woman feel about changing her teaching style
A. Indifferent. B. Pleased. C. Worried.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What percentage of rainforest does Peru account for
A. 10%. B. 13%. C. 60%.
18. Where is most of the rainforest located
A. In Brazil. B. In Peru. C. In Colombia.
19. What is the biggest reason for so many species’ death in the Amazon
A. Disease. B. Bad weather. C. Human factors.
20. What will happen if the rainforest continues to be destroyed
A. New animals will never exist.
B. New medicine for curing diseases couldn’t be found.
C. New sources of food will be in short supply.
第二部分 阅读理解（共50分）
A
Want good luck in 2023 Hit the kitchen. Throughout the world, New Year’s day means celebrating with traditional foods. For your holiday menu, greet the new year with the following foods.
Fish
The Chinese eat fish because the word for “fish” sounds like the word for “a large quantity”. But in other cultures, the custom results from the practicality of cod s (鳕鱼) easy preservation. Among the fishy dishes out there are: boiled cod in Denmark, dried salted cod in Italy, and seafood salad in Sweden.
Grapes
In the early 1900s, Spanish grape growers had a good harvest, and there was born a tradition. When the clock strikes midnight, revelers (狂欢者) pick up a grape for every strike, with each of the twelve grapes representing a month of the coming year. If the particular grape is especially sweet, you can expect an especially happy month matching which grape it was. For example, if the second grape was sweeter than the rest, your February will bring you much happiness.
Beans
Speaking of money, it couldn’t hurt to pair cash with coins. That’s the idea behind eating foods that are small and round. Italians and Germans eat small beans, while the Japanese prefer sweet black beans. In the American South, eating black-eyed peas is thought to bring success, a tradition which started with Sephardi Jews who moved to Georgia in the 1700s.
Cake
What’s a meal without dessert The meal for the New Year’s Day, commonly a round cake completes the meal. You’ll find pastries in the Netherlands, Poland and Italy. Some cultures hide a meaningful treasure within, and whoever gets it is guaranteed a great year. In Greece, look out for a coin; in Scandinavia, a nut is buried in rice pudding.
21．According to the text, which of the following is TRUE
A. The custom of eating fish has its origin in China.
B. Spanish grapes were used to celebrate a good harvest.
C. Small and round beans were used as a kind of coins.
D. The meal for the New Year’s Day often ends up with a round cake.
22．The dishes mentioned in the text_________ .
A. symbolize good fortune B. promote national development
C. are beneficial to a balanced diet D. are popular throughout the world
23．In which column of a magazine can you most probably find this text
A. Food recipes. B. Historical stories.
C. Traffic and holidays. D. Culture and customs.
B
From a very early age, Ben Whishaw was happiest when he was pretending to be a different person. “Even at such a young age, my instinct was to be someone else,” he says, “I was pretty average academically and I didn’t really enjoy learning. Drama was my way of staying in touch with part of myself.” Thus, the teenage Whishaw became involved in a local youth drama group.
His career was launched straight out of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in 2004, when a British stage director cast him to play Hamlet at the Old Vic. Over the better part of a decade, Whishaw struggled from that doomed Danish prince to a wrongly sentenced prisoner, frustrated journalist and suicidal composer.
Though depressed at being characterized as a fragile role on-screen, Whishaw returned again and again to the stage where, he said, “typecasting isn’t such an issue.” Then, in 2011, another theater director came calling, this time with an offer that would change everything. Sam Mendes had hand-selected Whishaw for a film part: Doctor Q in Skyfall.
Soon, Whishaw started landing bigger projects -- playing survivors instead of victims. Part of that can be down to age; at 38, the actor is only just starting to get some wrinkles around his eyes. As he put it, “the kinds of stories people tell about people in their thirties and forties are different.” And though that handle-with-care quality still reflects everything Whishaw does, his characters on-screen are now more often men who should have been broken by circumstances, but nevertheless keep up, just like his roles in both 2015’s London Spy and 2018’s A Very English Scandal.
Ben Whishaw’s performances on stage and screen are fascinating colleagues, critics and audiences alike. Almost without exception, his performances have been defined by a certain flexible brilliance. His superb talent stands out among the more excellent performances of several better-known actors. “There is a fragility about Ben that is inspiring,” says the Oscar-winning director Jane Campion.
Now Whishaw’s at a point where roles come to him. He can afford to be selective and lately he’s been choosing optimism. “For myself, but also for the world, you want to maintain that balance,” he said. “It’s important that you can struggle and you can come through and you can carry on and things will get better. I’ve done a lot of very doomy things. Then this came along.”
24．Ben Whishaw started out on his acting career in his teens because ______.
A. He wasn’t very academic and hated school.
B. He had an inborn fascination for role-play.
C. He got into acting career merely by accident.
D. He enjoyed socializing with different people.
25．What can we conclude from Ben Whishaw’s acting experiences
A. His early performances featured comic characters on-screen.
B. His on-screen images have consistently remained unchanged.
C. He bore a similarity to his on-screen characters in personality.
D. It was in 2011 that he was caught in a dilemma in performance.
26．What contributes to Ben Whishaw’s achievements in his career
A. His genius and persistence. B. His brilliance and curiosity.
C. His vision and humility. D. His ambition and commitment.
27．Which of the following can be the most suitable title
A. Talented actor, twisted fate B. Ben Whishaw: Act his way up
C. Tragic role, tragic character D. Ben Whishaw: Shoot to fame
C
If you feel lonely, you’re actually in good company: Nearly 1 in 4 adults across the world have reported feeling very or fairly lonely. A new survey, taken across 142 countries, found 24% of people age 15 and older self-reported feeling very or fairly lonely in response to the question, “How lonely do you feel ” Loneliness has emerged as a silent epidemic, affecting individuals of all ages and backgrounds.
The survey also found that the rates of loneliness were highest in young adults, with 27% of young adults age 19 to 29 reporting feeling very or fairly lonely. The lowest rates were found in older adults. Only 17% of people age 65 and older reported feeling lonely. Over half of adults age 45 and older reported not feeling lonely at all, while the majority of those younger than 45 answered that they felt at least a little lonely, if not very or fairly lonely. While there was little or no difference in the reported loneliness between men and women, some countries had substantial gaps in both directions, depending on the country’s cultural context. Overall, 79 out of the 142 countries had a higher self-reported rate of loneliness in women than men.
Rokach, who also teaches in the department of psychology at York University in Toronto, said that younger people who are in a transitional stage of becoming an adult experience more uncertainty in many areas of life, including “a tumultuous love life, uncertainty about a professional path, and in the process of separating from their parents.” Young adults are therefore more likely to experience more loneliness than older adults who have already accumulated “wisdom, friends, a family which may be supportive, and a community which cares for them,” he said.
While being alone could be refreshing and energizing, social media could defend against loneliness or help people not feel lonely anymore. “Social media is often a tool young adults use to connect with one another, but it can be more harmful if users are participating in passive scrolling,” said Dr. Olivia Remes, a mental health researcher at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom. She described the behavior as only taking in the rosy posts of others and comparing it with one’s reality.
28. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A. Nearly 40% of adults across the world reported feeling lonely.
B. The rate of loneliness in women is higher than men.
C. The rates of loneliness were the lowest in people aged 45 and older.
D. People older than 65 were less likely to feel lonely.
29. How did the author present the result of the survey
A. By providing data. B. By comparison.
C. By listing examples. D. By making experiments.
30. Why are young adults more likely to experience loneliness
A. They are addicted to social media. B. They are not understood by their parents.
C. They are at a loss for the future. D. They have difficulty dealing with relationships.
31. What does the underlined phrase “passive scrolling” in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Browse contents with certain purposes. B. Make negative comments.
C. Measure oneself against others. D. Argue with people online.
D
With the development of AI technology, many people are debating the boundary between robot and man -- Will robots become more intelligent and eventually replace humans By contrast, what we really need to worry about is actually “men being forced to become machines”.
The tasks of takeout riders are controlled by an invisible hand -- the intelligent distribution system. “In order to make the riders more focused on food delivery, this system replaces our human logic to the maximum extent possible.” The riders don’t need to think; they just have to follow the guide of the system to fulfill their tasks. All they have to do is riding as fast as they can. The navigation system charts the “best route” for these riders to go over an overpass, through a fence, or even on the wrong side of the road, which, of course, promises the shortest delivery time. That is why these riders have to race against time as they over-speed, run red lights and go on the wrong road; they have to be faster, and faster. Their actions may be against the traffic law, but they are pushed by the pressure of “system time”. Takeout riders are just individuals who labor with their time, and they can’t go against the “system time”, so all they have to do is speeding. The riders’ physical conditions and the weather are completely invisible to the “intelligent distribution system”. It only sees a moving cartoon image on the software interface.
The scariest part of the system is that it is not only the platform, but the riders themselves that push them to go faster and faster. Every order they’ve delivered has been uploaded to the cloud data of the platform, and the algorithm will calculate the speed limit of the riders. When everyone gets faster and faster, the algorithm will speed them up appropriately. This is really a vicious circle.
Of course, each one of us can be a number in statistics, but “a person” can never be just a number. Algorithms can be cold, but human-beings are not. Data, as a tool, should serve people, but not enslave them. Technology keeps moving forward, but it also should be moving toward kindness.
According to the passage, what can we learn about the application of technology
Robots have become more intelligent and taken the place of humans.
AI technology is accelerating takeout riders with navigation system.
The navigation system has mapped out the perfect route for these riders.
Algorithms will speed takeout riders up appropriately depending on weather.
33. What does the sentence “It only sees a moving cartoon image on the software interface.” imply
A. A cartoon character accompanies every takeout rider when they perform their tasks.
B. Takeout riders only see a moving cartoon when they use the phone navigation system.
C. The navigation system ignores the real-time environment when it charts the “best routes”.
D. Takeout riders can’t be seen on the software interface when they navigate with their phone.
34. According to the last two paragraphs, what attitude should we hold towards technology
A. Supportive B. Doubtful C. Negative D. Cautious
35. What’s the purpose of the passage
A. To call for kind application of technology in daily life
B. To introduce the rapid development of Takeout industry
C. To explain the relationship between technology and humans
D. To praise the contributions of technology to Takeout industry
七选五
Remember your first day of school How nervous did you feel when entering the class room Or what about the first time you rode a bike with all of the excitement coursing through your body ____36____These are known as episodic (片段) memories.
A new study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has shown that certain cells called time cells, make this type of memory possible. 37 As memories are being formed, these time cells put a stamp on the memories. Later, this stamp helps us recount the exact sequence of events and experiences.
The 27 participants in the study had electrodes (电极) placed in their brains, which allowed scientists to measure cell activity in the hippocampus (海马体) and another area involved in the perception of time. 38 Then they were asked to recall the words. During this time, the scientists looked at the activity of different brain cells. They found specific cells that fired signals during each sequence of words.
Gyorgy Buzsaki, a professor at New York University, said the study is important, as it can explain memory problems found in people who suffered damage to their hippocampus. In one experiment, scientists compared the memories of people who had just taken a tour of a college campus. 39 However, those who had suffered damage to this area of the brain were unable to recall the proper sequence of events.
40 As of September 2019 , around 50 million people worldwide were suffering from dementia (痴呆) and the number will triple by 2050 , according to the World Health Organization. Such studies will help scientists develop better therapeutic interventions (医疗干预) for people suffering from Alzheimer's disease, the cause of 60 to 70 percent of dementia cases.
A. These cells help us form clear memories in a time order.
B. With these cells, we will be suffering from blurry memories.
C. Those without damage to their hippocampus had similar stories.
D. The number of people suffering from memory disorders is increasing.
E. Some memories stick with us and we can recall them like scenes in a movie.
F. The treatment of diseases like dementia (痴呆) has make a breakthrough recently.
G. They were shown sequences of 12 to 15 words on a computer screen in a period of about 30 seconds.
三、完形填空（15分）
An extreme sport like BMX (Bicycle Motocross) may not be the first thing that comes to mind to help overcome a mental health condition. However, that is 41 what enabled Nikita Ducarroz to fight her fears.
As a child, Ducarroz spent every 42 moment on the soccer field. But at 13, the talented athlete began to suffer from 43 anxiety attacks that made it hard for her to leave home. When her mother told her she had to continue playing a sport, Ducarroz found BMX as a way to 44 the requirement. Little did she know that BMX would soon 45 every aspect of her life, and become the reason she would push through her fears one step at a time.
The tale began when a BMX video on YouTube inspired her to try the extreme sport. She saved up for a bike. Then she began practicing 46 in her driveway. Soon, her excellent skills brought her enough 47 to ride at the local skate park. With that confidence, Ducarroz was 48 to ride in the competition in 2016, and she has not looked back since.
“The bike made me get out of the house, go to the skate park, and 49 get on a plane,” said Ducarroz. “It 50 me to overcome all my fears.”
The 26-year-old is now one of the world’s best female BMX freestylers. Ducarroz now has her 51 set on the 2024 Paris Olympics. She says, “My goal in Paris is another medal. I can get that done with the training.”
Though she still suffers occasional 52 attacks, Ducarroz now knows how to manage them. To help others with mental health conditions, Ducarroz has started an Instagram page called MindTricks. It is where people discuss their fears 53 .
“MindTricks started because of my own 54 that I was making on Instagram about mental health,” she explained. “And I thought, ‘Why don’t we create a place where others can do the same, a central spot where everyone can read about these stories and also feel 55 to share their own stories ’”
41. A. exactly B. automatically C. roughly D. temporarily
42. A. expectant B. boring C. spare D. urgent
43. A. slight B. mild C. occasional D. severe
44. A. end B. meet C. measure D. resist
45. A. put off B. ate away C. took over D. slowed down
46. A. concepts B. tricks C. facilities D. models
47. A. confidence B. muscle C. patience D. fortune
48. A. likely B. hesitant C. ready D. effortless
49. A. slowly B. abruptly C. swiftly D. eventually
50. A. blocked B. pushed C. left D. hooked
51. A. luck B. sight C. standard D. training
52. A. panic B. heart C. delight D. annoyance
53. A. carefully B. privately C. safely D. humbly
54. A. appearance B. medals C. posts D. choices
55. A. ashamed B. reserved C. collapsed D. inspired
四、语法填空（15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Seagrass meadows (海草床) are wonder plants growing beneath the sea. Thanks to the assistance of tiger sharks, __56__ huge seagrass meadow in the Bahamas Banks was recently discowered, offering the world a tool __57__ (fight) climate change.
In this study, tiger sharks were selected as research tools due to their __58__ (high) consistent associations with seagrass ecosystems. They spend 70% of their time in seagrass meadows. The team equipped eight tiger sharks __59__ satellite tags, and used a 360-degree camera on a shark for the first time ever.
So far, the world's largest seagrass ecosystem, measuring at least 66,900 square kilometers, __60__(discover). This reflects a 41% increase from previous estimates of global seagrass. In terms of climate change, seagrass is 35 times __61__ (fast) at removing carbon than tropical rainforests. Yet seagrass meadows are rapidly disappearing, with over 92% of meadows in the UK __62__ (go). Scientists are collecting seeds and trying to grow new seagrass meadows through restoration __63__ (project). This new discovery offers optimism and proves the importance of the ocean for healing.
The sharks led us to the seagrass ecosystem in the Bahamas, __64__ is likely to be the most significant blue carbon sink on the planet. The discovery shows us that ocean exploration and research play an important role in solving __65__ (globe) issues like climate change.
五、应用文写作（15分）
假如你是李华，打算毕业后申请去香港大学（Hong Kong University）学习，请你用英文给该校写一封电子邮件咨询相关事宜。
要点如下：一，如何才能被你感兴趣的专业录取；二，是否需要参加英语考试；三，该校的学费，食宿安排等情况。
字数：100词左右
Dear Sir/Madam
Yours, Li Hua
六、读后续写（25分）
It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.
We took a plane to Albuquerque, a big city in the state of New Mexico. We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon. Uncle Paul, my dad’s friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.
His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby. Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast. "The day starts at dawn on my farm," he said. After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens. while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze(吃草). I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.
In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a hose ride, and he said yes, as long as my dad went with me. I wasn’t going to take a horse ride by myself anyway. So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains. "Don’t be late for supper," Uncle Paul cried, "and keep to the track so that you don’t get lost!" "OK! " my dad cried back. After a while Uncle Paul and his fam house were out of sight. It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It looked like a beautiful woven(编织的）blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.
要求：1. 续写词数为150左右 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答
3.一定要有一处环境描写
Para1. Suddenly, a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse._________________________
____________________________________________________________
Para 2. We had no idea where we were and it got dark._________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
江西省宜春市宜丰县2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语答案
1. A
【原文】M: Dear, what do you think about my beard Should I shave it
W: I think it looks really good, but you will make a speech. You should look clean-shaven and professional.
2. C
【原文】W: Hey, Jeremy! Are you going to the fair this weekend
M: Yeah, I am going on Friday and Saturday nights. On Friday, I will show my horse for the animal show. On Saturday, I am going to just enjoy being there.
3. A
【原文】M: I can’t wait to choose the Science class. I read that there is a Geology Field Trip class. It looks interesting.
W: I took Biology, but my friend Charles has taken that class.
M: The class involves a trip every weekend and it is fun.
4. C
【原文】W: Are you going to play badminton with us today We are going to meet at the sports center at 5:30 p.m.
M: I’d love to, but I can’t be there until a quarter to six.
W: Don’t worry. We can wait for you.
5. B
【原文】W: Hey, Chris. I was wondering if you were free next week.
M: Why What’s up
W: Well, I hope you could look after Fuzzy again.
M: Actually, my mom is coming to visit and she’s allergic to cats. Maybe next time.
6. B 7. C
【原文】M: Wendy, I get confused every time you say the word “football”. Do you mean American football or are you talking about soccer
W: I mean American football. Do you like it
M: Yes! I like this game. But I never watch it on TV. How about you
W: I only watched it on TV once. I don’t understand the rules so it can be a bit boring.
M: It’s hard to get excited about it if you don’t understand the rules. Actually, it is easy to get it. I can explain the rules to you. There is a game on Friday if you would like to come.
W: Sure, I would love to.
8. A 9. C
【原文】M: Miss Carmen, can I speak to you for a few minutes
W: Sure, e on in and have a seat.
M: Is everything going on smoothly at the university this year
W: Unfortunately, due to COVID-19, we have canceled many programs.
M: What else can I do
W: We offer a program called the Bridge Series. Are you familiar with Zoom
M: Yes, I am very familiar with it. I have used it for the past six months to communicate with my tutors.
W: Great. The program includes sessions on how to apply for a passport and the benefits of studying abroad. That series also discusses international cuisine and sports.
M: That sounds nice.
W: Have you decided on the country where you would like to go
M: I am considering going to Australia, Italy, or Spain. Spain is my top choice.
W: A program called Spain Getting Started would be suitable for you. It will prepare you for the future.
10. B 11. B 12. C
【原文】M: Good afternoon, madam. Welcome to the American Street Tacos. May I take your coat
W: It’s very kind of you.
M: Do you have a reservation, madam
W: Yes. It’s under the name Walker. My husband is in the parking lot. He would be here shortly.
M: Walker, a table for three at six o’clock, right
W: That’s right. We requested a table by the window.
M: Yeah. You’ll have a wonderful view of the lake! I have had your table ready. Please follow me.
W: Thank you. Are there any specials tonight
M: The tuna was just caught this morning, so it is very delicious. But we are most well-known for our steaks. Your waiter will come along shortly to take your order and tell you more about the menu. Is there anything else I can do for you, Mrs. Walker
W: Could you tell me where the ladies’ room is, please I’d like to touch up some lipstick before my husband arrives.
M: It’s just at the back of the room.
13. A 14. A 15. B 16. C
【原文】W: Adam, how do you feel about the Montessori education approach
M: Great. It allows the children to be more creative. What do you think
W: It is excellent. But I am not going to the training this weekend.
M: I will be there on Saturday morning. Why aren’t you going
W: They divide the teachers into two different groups. I am the first group with the training time from 8:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. But my son’s birthday is on that day.
M: Ah, I understand. I will let you know how the training goes.
W: Thank you. What I am concerned about is whether I will do well in this program. I have been teaching the same way for ten years. I cannot imagine changing my entire teaching style.
M: In fact, I have heard amazing things about this type of educational method. The children will gain a deeper understanding and our school will improve the quality of materials in each classroom. Wouldn’t you like to have a try
W: Yes, we do need to change our teaching methods. I have had the same materials for the past three years.
M: It is time for a change. Let’s get together after your training on Friday night and talk about it.
17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B
【原文】The Amazon rainforest is the largest rainforest in the world, and it covers an area of 27 million square miles. The majority of the forest is contained within Brazil, about 60% of the rainforest, followed by Peru with 13% and Colombia with 10%. It is said to be around fifty-five million years old. More than 30 million people of 350 different ethnic groups live in the Amazon. Here, people can find one in ten of the known plant and animal species on the earth. Many insects, birds, and plants still haven’t been discovered. Many of these die out every day. This is partly due to the extreme weather, but it mostly has to do with the effects human beings have had on the natural environment. The Amazon sustains life by providing clean water, life-saving medicines and forest products. Unfortunately, humans are destroying parts of the rainforest by building dams and mines and cutting down trees. Scientists are worrying that if this continues, they may not discover any new forms of medicine, which have always been treatments for diseases. We depend on a healthy Amazon so we should protect it together.
21. D 22. A 23. D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了适合年夜饭的一些菜肴。
21．细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“The meal for the New Year’s Day, commonly a round cake completes the meal.”（年夜饭，一般是以一个圆形蛋糕来完成。）可知，年夜饭通常以一个圆蛋糕结束。故选D项。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段前两句“Want good luck in 2023 Hit the kitchen. Throughout the world, New Year’s day means celebrating with traditional foods.”（想在2023年有好运吗 去厨房看看吧。在世界各地，新年意味着用传统食物来庆祝。）并结合下文对各种食物的介绍可知，这些食物都适合在年夜饭上出现，象征着来年的好运。故选A项。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Want good luck in 2023 Hit the kitchen. Throughout the world, New Year’s day means celebrating with traditional foods.”（想在2023年有好运吗 去厨房看看吧。在世界各地，新年意味着用传统食物来庆祝。）及第二段最后一句“Among the fishy dishes out there are: boiled cod in Denmark, dried salted cod in Italy, and seafood salad in Sweden.”（有鱼味的菜肴有:丹麦的煮鳕鱼，意大利的咸鳕鱼干，瑞典的海鲜沙拉。）及第三段第一句“In the early 1900s, Spanish grape growers had a good harvest, and there was born a tradition.”（20世纪初，西班牙葡萄种植者收获了好收成，于是就形成了一种传统。）及第四段第三句“Italians and Germans eat small beans, while the Japanese prefer sweet black beans.”（意大利人和德国人喜欢吃小豆子，而日本人喜欢吃甜黑豆。）及最后一段第三句“You’ll find pastries in the Netherlands, Poland and Italy.”（荷兰、波兰和意大利都有糕点。）可知，本文主要介绍了在不同国家年夜饭的传统食材也有所不同，应选自文化与习俗专栏。故选D项。
24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了演员Ben Whishaw的演艺生涯。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“From a very early age, Ben Whishaw was happiest when he was pretending to be a different person. “Even at such a young age, my instinct was to be someone else,” he says, “I was pretty average academically and I didn’t really enjoy learning. Drama was my way of staying in touch with part of myself.” Thus, the teenage Whishaw became involved in a local youth drama group.”（从很小的时候起，当Whishaw假装成另一个人的时候，他是最快乐的。“即使在这么小的时候，我的本能就是成为别人，”他说，“我在学业上很普通，我并不真正喜欢学习。戏剧是我与自己保持联系的方式。”因此，十几岁的Whishaw加入了当地的一个青年戏剧团体。）可知，他与生俱来有一种对角色扮演的迷恋，使他开始了演艺生涯。故选B项。
25．推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“And though that handle-with-care quality still reflects everything Whishaw does, his characters on-screen are now more often men who should have been broken by circumstances, but nevertheless keep up, just like his roles in both 2015’s London Spy and 2018’s A Very English Scandal.”（尽管这种小心翼翼的品质仍然反映了Whishaw所做的一切，但他在银幕上扮演的角色现在更多的是那些本应被环境打败的男人，但他们仍然坚持下去，就像他在2015年的《伦敦间谍》和2018年的《非常英式的丑闻》中扮演的角色一样。）及第三段第一句“Though depressed at being characterized as a fragile role on-screen, Whishaw returned again and again to the stage where, he said, “typecasting isn’t such an issue.” ”（虽然对自己在银幕上被塑造成一个脆弱的角色感到沮丧，但他一次又一次地回到舞台上，他说，“在那里，角色塑造不是一个问题。”）及最后一段最后三句“It’s important that you can struggle and you can come through and you can carry on and things will get better. I’ve done a lot of very doomy things. Then this came along.”（重要的是你可以奋斗，你可以挺过来，你可以坚持下去，事情会变得更好。我做过很多可怕的事。然后出现了转机。）可知，Whishaw面对逆境，顽强不屈，坚持奋斗，与他扮演的角色有相似的性格特点。故选C项。
26．细节理解题。根据第五段二三句“Almost without exception, his performances have been defined by a certain flexible brilliance. His superb talent stands out among the more excellent performances of several better-known actors.”（几乎无一例外，他的表演被某种灵活的才华所定义。他的才华在几位更知名的演员的出色表演中脱颖而出。）及最后一段最后三句“It’s important that you can struggle and you can come through and you can carry on and things will get better. I’ve done a lot of very doomy things. Then this came along.”（重要的是你可以奋斗，你可以挺过来，你可以坚持下去，事情会变得更好。我做过很多可怕的事。然后出现了转机。）可知，他的天赋和坚持不懈的毅力是他成功的关键。故选A项。
27．主旨大意题。根据根据第一段“From a very early age, Ben Whishaw was happiest when he was pretending to be a different person. “Even at such a young age, my instinct was to be someone else,” he says, “I was pretty average academically and I didn’t really enjoy learning. Drama was my way of staying in touch with part of myself.” Thus, the teenage Whishaw became involved in a local youth drama group.”（从很小的时候起，当Whishaw假装成另一个人的时候，他是最快乐的。“即使在这么小的时候，我的本能就是成为别人，”他说，“我在学业上很普通，我并不真正喜欢学习。戏剧是我与自己保持联系的方式。”因此，十几岁的Whishaw加入了当地的一个青年戏剧团体。）及最后一段第一句“Now Whishaw’s at a point where roles come to him. He can afford to be selective and lately he’s been choosing optimism.”（现在，Whishaw正处在一个角色向他走来的时刻。他可以有选择性，最近他选择了乐观主义。）并结合文章对他演艺生涯的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了Whishaw从一开始籍籍无名，但始终坚持梦想，最后功成名就的演艺之路。故选B项。
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个关于感到孤独的调查，说明了各个年龄段感到孤独的概率，指出年轻人更容易感到孤独因为他们对未来不知所措。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Only 17% of people age 65 and older reported feeling lonely.( 65岁及以上的人中，只有17%的人感到孤独)”可知，65岁以上的人不太可能感到孤独。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A new survey, taken across 142 countries, found 24% of people age 15 and older self-reported feeling very or fairly lonely in response to the question, “How lonely do you feel ” (在142个国家进行的一项新调查发现，在回答“你觉得有多孤独？”这个问题时，15岁及以上的人中有24%的人自称感到非常或相当孤独)”以及第二段中的“The survey also found that the rates of loneliness were highest in young adults, with 27% of young adults age 19 to 29 reporting feeling very or fairly lonely. The lowest rates were found in older adults. Only 17% of people age 65 and older reported feeling lonely. (调查还发现，年轻人的孤独感最高，19岁至29岁的年轻人中有27%的人感到非常或相当孤独。老年人的孤独感几率最低。65岁及以上的人中，只有17%的人感到孤独)”可推知，作者通过提供数据陈述调查结果。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Rokach, who also teaches in the department of psychology at York University in Toronto, said that younger people who are in a transitional stage of becoming an adult experience more uncertainty in many areas of life, including “a tumultuous love life, uncertainty about a professional path, and in the process of separating from their parents.”(同时在多伦多约克大学心理学系任教的罗卡奇说，处于成年过渡阶段的年轻人在生活的许多领域都经历了更多的不确定性，包括“动荡的爱情生活、职业道路的不确定性，以及与父母分离的过程。”)”可知，年轻人更容易感到孤独因为他们对未来不知所措。故选C。
【31题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“She described the behavior as only taking in the rosy posts of others and comparing it with one’s reality.(她把这种行为描述为只是接受别人的乐观看法，并将其与自己的现实进行比较。)”可知，她将这种行为描述为只接受别人的美好评价，并将其与自己的现实进行比较，即年轻人拿自己和别人比较，社交媒体会产生更大的危害。故划线词意思是“拿自己和别人比较”。故选C。
32. B 33.C 34. D 35. A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者通过智能分配系统对外卖骑手的控制表明，数据作为一种工具应该服务于人，而不是奴役人。科技在不断进步，但它应该朝着善良的方向发展。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段第五句“The navigation system charts the “best route” for these riders to go over an overpass, through a fence, or even on the wrong side of the road，which, of course, promises the shortest delivery time.”（导航系统为这些骑手绘制出“最佳路线”，让他们通过立交桥、穿过围栏，甚至走错路，当然，这保证了最短的交货时间。）可知，人工智能技术通过导航系统加快了外卖的速度。故选B项。
33．推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“The riders’ physical conditions and the weather are completely invisible to the “intelligent distribution system”. It only sees a moving cartoon image on the software interface.”（骑手的身体状况和天气对“智能分配系统”完全不可见。它只能在软件界面上看到一个移动的卡通图像。）推知，划线句子表明导航系统在绘制“最佳路线”时忽略了骑手身体状况，天气等客观因素。故选C项。
34．推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“When everyone gets faster and faster, the algorithm will speed them up appropriately. This is really a vicious circle.”（当每个人都变得越来越快时，算法会适当地加快他们的速度。这真是一个恶性循环。）及第四段最后两句“Algorithms can be cold, but human-beings are not. Data, as a tool, should serve people, but not enslave them. Technology keeps moving forward, but it also should be moving toward kindness.”（算法可能很冷酷，但人类不是。数据作为一种工具，应该服务于人，而不是奴役人。科技在不断进步，但它也应该朝着善良的方向发展。）可知，数据作为一种工具，应该服务于人，而不是奴役人，科技在不断进步，它应该朝着正确的方向发展，而不是加剧恶性循环。由此推知，我们应对科技的发展持谨慎的态度。故选D项。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一句最后一句“Technology keeps moving forward, but it also should be moving toward kindness.”（科技在不断进步，但它也应该朝着善良的方向发展。）并结合文章智能导航系统对外卖骑手的操控可知，本文的目的在于引起大家对于科技使用带来的弊端的重视，呼吁科技在日常生活中的良性应用。故选A项。
36. E 37. A 38. G 39. C 40. D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)杂志上的一项新研究表明，某些被称为时间细胞的细胞使情景记忆成为可能。
36. 根据下文“These are known as episodic memories.（这些被称为情景记忆。）”可知，上文对情景记忆进行解释。E项：Some memories stick with us and we can recall them like scenes in a movie.（有些记忆挥之不去，我们可以回忆起它们，就像电影中的场景一样。）符合语境。故选E。
37. 根据下文“As memories are being formed, these time cells put a stamp on the memories. Later, this stamp helps us recount the exact sequence of events and experiences.（当记忆形成时，这些时间细胞就会在记忆上留下印记。之后，这张邮票帮助我们叙述事件和经历的确切顺序。）”可知，空处解释这些细胞如何帮助我们形成记忆。A项中的“in a time order ”和下文中的“recount the exact sequence of events and experiences”对应。A项：These cells help us form clear memories in a time order.（这些细胞帮助我们按时间顺序形成清晰的记忆。）符合语境。故选A。
38. 根据上文“The 27 participants in the study had electrodes placed in their brains, which allowed scientists to measure cell activity in the hippocampus and another area involved in the perception of time.（这项研究的27名参与者在他们的大脑中放置了电极，这让科学家可以测量海马体和另一个与时间感知有关的区域的细胞活动）”可知，此处是在说明试验的过程。G项：They were shown sequences of 12 to 15 words on a computer screen in a period of about 30 seconds.（他们在大约30秒的时间里在电脑屏幕上看到12到15个单词的序列。）符合语境。故选G。
39. 根据下文“However, those who had suffered damage to this area of the brain were unable to recall the proper sequence of events. （然而，那些大脑这一区域受损的人无法回忆起事件的正确顺序。）”可知，空处和下文形成转折关系，C项中的“damage to their hippocampus ”与下文中“damage to this area of the brain ”对应。C项：Those without damage to their hippocampus had similar stories.（那些海马体没有受损的人也有类似的经历。）符合语境。故选C。
40. 根据下文“As of September 2019 , around 50 million people worldwide were suffering from dementia and the number will triple by 2050 , according to the World Health Organization. （根据世界卫生组织的数据，截至2019年9月，全球约有5000万人患有痴呆症，到2050年，这一数字将增加两倍。）”可知，本段主要讲述了患有记忆障碍的病人数量在不断增加。D项：The number of people suffering from memory disorders is increasing.（患有记忆障碍的人数正在增加。）符合语境。故选D。
41. A 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. C 55. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了患有严重焦虑症的Nikita Ducarroz通过练习自行车越野赛极限运动克服了恐惧的故事。
41. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这正是Nikita Ducarroz战胜恐惧的原因。A. precisely准确地，(强调真实或明显)正是，确实；B. automatically确实；C. roughly粗略地，大致；D. temporarily暂时。根据下文“The bike made me get out of the house, go to the skate park, and 　　9　　 get on a plane,” said Ducarroz.”可知，正是通过练习自行车，Nikita Ducarroz克服了恐惧。故此处应用precisely表示强调。故选A。
42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小时候，杜卡罗兹把每一个空闲时间都花在了足球场上。A. expectant期待的；B. boring枯燥的；C. spare备用的；空余的；D. urgent紧迫的。根据下文的连词But可知，本句与下文是转折关系。所以在生病前，她把每一个空闲时间都花在了足球场上，以突出她对足球的热爱。故选C。
43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在13岁时，这位天才运动员开始患上严重的焦虑症，这让她很难离开家。A. slight微小的；B. mild轻微的；温柔的；C. occasional偶尔的；D. severe严重的。根据下文“made it hard for her to leave home”可知，她患上严重的焦虑症。故选D。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她的母亲告诉她必须继续参加一项运动时，杜卡罗兹发现BMX是一种实现这一规则的方式。A. end结束；终止；B. fulfill完成；达到；实现；C. measure衡量；D. resist抵制。根据上文“her mother told her she had to continue playing a sport”可知，她的母亲告诉她必须继续参加一项运动，她想通过自行车越野赛来实现这个规定。故选B。
45. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她不知道自行车越野运动很快就会接管她生活的方方面面，并成为她一步一步克服恐惧的原因。A. put off延期；推迟；B. ate away侵蚀；C. took over接管；取代；D. slowed down减速；放松。根据下文“every aspect of her life, and become the reason she would push through her fears one step at a time.”可知，这项运动占据了她的生活，接管了她生活的方方面面，使她一步一步克服恐惧。故选C。
46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她开始在自家车道上练习技巧。A. concepts概念； B. tricks技巧；把戏；C. facilities设施；D. models模型；样本。根据下文“her excellent skills”可知，她在自家车道上练习技巧。tricks与skills是近义词复现。故选B。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，她出色的技术给她带来了足够的信心，可以在当地的滑冰公园骑行。A. confidence自信心；B. muscle肌肉；C. patience耐心；D. fortune财富，运气。根据下文“With that confidence”可知，她出色的技术给她带来了足够的信心，confidence是原词复现。故选A。
48. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：带着这样的信心，Nikita Ducarroz已经准备好参加2016年的比赛，从那以后她再也没有回头。A. likely可能的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. ready准备好的；D. effortless不费力的；容易的。根据句中“With that confidence”以及下文“and she has not looked back since”可知，杜卡罗兹已经准备好参加2016年的比赛。故选C。
49. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：杜卡罗兹说：“这辆自行车让我走出家门，去了滑冰公园，最终上了飞机。”A. slowly慢慢地；B. abruptly突然；C. swiftly迅速地；D. eventually最后，终于。根据上文“get out of the house, go to the skate park”可知，走出家门、去了滑冰公园和上飞机三个动作层层递进，有先后关系，故此处指最终上了飞机。故选D。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它促使我克服了所有的恐惧。A. blocked挡住；B. pushed推动；促使；C. left离开；留下；D. hooked钩住。根据上文“However, that is 　　1　　 what enabled Nikita Ducarroz to fight her fears.”可知，这辆自行车促使她克服了所有的恐惧。故选B。
51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：杜卡罗兹现在将目光投向2024年巴黎奥运会。A. luck运气；B. sight眼界；视野；C. standard标准；D. training训练。根据下文“My goal in Paris is another medal. I can get that done with the training.”可知，她现在将目光投向2024年巴黎奥运会。故选B。
52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管她偶尔还是会感到恐慌，但杜卡罗兹现在知道如何应对了。A. panic恐慌；惊慌；B. heart心脏；C. delight高兴；D. annoyance恼怒。根据上文“It 　　10　　 me to overcome all my fears.”可知，她偶尔还是会感到恐慌。panic与fears是近义词复现。故选A。
53. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们在这里安全地讨论他们的恐惧。A. carefully认真地，仔细地；B. privately私下地；C. safely安全地；D. humbly谦逊地，卑微地。根据语境可知，人们在MindTicks的页面安全地讨论他们的恐惧。故选C。
54. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她解释道：“MindTricks是因为我自己在Instagram上发布了关于心理健康的帖子。” A. appearance出现，外表；B. medals奖牌；C. posts帖子；D. choices选择。根据句中“I was making on Instagram about mental health”以及下文“Why don’t we create a place where others can do the same”可知，她自己在Instagram上发布了关于心理健康的帖子。故选C。
55. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我想，‘为什么我们不创建一个其他人也能做同样事情的地方，一个中心点，让每个人都能阅读这些故事，也能分享自己的故事？’”A. ashamed羞愧的；B. reserved矜持的，内向的；C. collapsed倒塌的，暴跌的；D. enlightened开明的，受启发的。根据句中“where everyone can read about these stories”可知，她希望在这个页面上，每个人能阅读这些故事，然后受到启发分享自己的故事。故选D。
56.a 57.to fight 58.highly 59.with 60. has been discovered
61.faster 62.gone 63.projects 64.which 65.global
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