Unit 6 Nature in words
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. prospect n. 开阔的景观，景色
2. bend v. 变弯曲；弯腰
3. church n. 教堂
4. bloom v. 开花
5. fade v. 逐渐消失；褪色
6. pile v. 堆放，摞起
7. sweep v. 吹过，掠过
8. ban v. 禁止，取缔
9. tremble v. 颤抖，发抖
10. alert v. 提醒，使（某人）意识到
11. dozen number一打；许多
12. launch n. 推出，发起
13. reputation n. 名誉，名望
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. week n. 周，星期→ weekly adj.一周一次的，每周的
2. inspect v. 视察；检查→ inspector n. 检查员，巡视员→ inspection n. 视察；检查
3. insist v. 坚称，坚决认为→ insistence n. 坚决要求，固执→ insistent adj.坚持的，固执的；持续不断的
4. secret n. 秘密；诀窍adj.秘密的→ secrecy n. 保密，秘密状态
5. shave v. 刮脸→ shaving n. 刮胡子
6. faint adj.微弱的；微小的；昏眩v. &n. 昏厥→ faintly adv. 微弱地；模糊地
7. goose n. 鹅→ geese n. [pl.]鹅
8. innocence n. 天真，单纯→ innocent adj.天真无邪的→ innocently adv. 佯装无知地，故作天真地
9. enhance v. 改进；增强→ enhancement n. 提高，增强
10. charm n. 魅力，魔力→ charming adj.迷人的
11. gentle adj.轻柔的；温和的→ gently adv. 轻柔地，温和地→ gentleness n. 轻柔；温和
12. puzzle n. 谜v. 迷惑，使困惑→ puzzled adj.困惑的，无法理解的→ puzzling adj.令人迷惑的→ puzzlement n. 迷惘，困惑
13. thorough adj.仔细的，缜密的→ thoroughly adv. 仔细，缜密；彻底，完全，极其
14. precise adj.精确的；一丝不苟的→ precisely adv. 精确地→ precision n. 精确，准确
15. elegant adj.优美的，优雅的→ elegantly adv. 优美地，优雅地→ elegance n. 优美；简洁
16. passion n. 激情；酷爱→ passionate adj.具有强烈信念的
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.dispose v. 排列，布置
2.sparkle n. 闪耀，闪光
3.glare n. 刺眼的强光；怒视
4.rhyme n. 儿歌，童谣
5.feather n. 羽毛
6.wheat n. 小麦
7.reap v. 收割（庄稼）
8.backyard n. 后院
9.chorus n. 合唱曲
10.dove n. 鸽子
11.fable n. 寓言
12.marine adj. 海洋的
13.diamond n. 钻石
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. break out 突然发生，爆发
2. at the risk of 冒着……的危险
3. talk away 不断地讲，喋喋不休
4. come round （如往常一样）发生，降临
5. alert...to 使……意识到
6. cause harm to 对……造成伤害
7. urge sb.to do sth. 敦促某人做某事
8. a target for ……的目标
9. stand by 坚持；袖手旁观；支持
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.I was nearly as excited about it this morning as the children， whom I found all looking through the window at the magic outside and talking away as excitedly as if Christmas had suddenly come round again .（as if从句中的虚拟语气）
今天早上，我对此几乎和孩子们一样兴奋；我发现他们都透过窗户看着窗外神奇的世界，兴奋地说个不停，好像圣诞节突然又来临了似的。
2.Then the sun came out， and by the time I had sat down to breakfast it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks.（by the time引导时间状语从句）
接着太阳出来了，到我坐下来吃早餐时，阳光绚烂，给积雪添上一抹柔和的粉色。
3. The reason why they are doing this is that they think these words are irrelevant to children， so instead they’ve replaced them with terms like "film". （the reason why...is that...）
他们这样做的原因是他们认为这些词与孩子无关，所以他们用"电影"之类的词来代替它们。
4.For unless we do listen to Rachel Carson’s warning ， one day we may wake up to the strange and quiet horror of another silent spring.（unless引导条件状语从句，Rachel Carson）
因为，除非我们确实听从蕾切尔·卡森的警告，否则有一天我们可能在另一个奇怪、相当恐怖的寂静春天中醒来。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.From the hill we had the excellent prospect （景色） of the river valley below.
2.Because of gravity， bending your head merely at 15 degrees puts an extra 27 pounds of pressure on your spine（脊椎）.
3.Worse still， on such cold days， she had no more clothes to wear and trembled with cold.
4.The director came to me， handed me a small broom（扫帚） and asked me to sweep the gym.
5.I certainly think there should be a ban on smoking in the office.
6.The city enjoys a high reputation for its abundance of ancient buildings.
7.A dozen of students have taken part in the program which began in July.
8.To solve this problem， the garbage classification activity has been launched in our city since last month.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.While carrying out the security check， inspectors will
inspect you and ask you to open your luggage for inspection . （inspect）
2.I started going on weekly fishing with my brother from the last week of October. （week）
3.The other day， I saw a film about a left-behind teenager who insisted on pursuing his dreams. His insistence led to his success in the end.（insist）
4.She wiping away her tears， an innocent smile appeared on her face. Her innocence moved everyone present.（innocent）
5.From her excited look and gentle tone， I could feel her deep gratitude and love for her grandma， who always patted her gently . （gentle）
6.He is always working in his lab， trying to figure out all the puzzling mysteries that make him puzzled . （puzzle）
7.Wash or wipe down anything you bring home thoroughly （thorough） before either putting it in your cupboards or consuming it.
8.She is an elegant and accomplished woman. You can observe her elegance from details of her daily life. （elegant）
9.If everyone in the office is passionate about helping each other， work is more likely to be completed with passion . （passion）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
at the risk of break out talk away cause harm to stand by
1.There is a lot of evidence showing that staring at the computer for a long time causes harm to our eyes.
2.My family has always stood by me in whatever I’ve wanted to do.
3.The small business suffered a huge loss in the fire that broke out last night， destroying the entire building， and leaving them with nothing but ashes.
4.They talked away as if they hadn’t seen each other for a long time.
5.What do you think of those people who try to help other people at the risk of their lives？
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.玛丽对这次聚会的描述是如此生动，以至于我觉得我好像去过那里一样。（as if从句中的虚拟语气）
Mary’s description of the party was so vivid that I felt as if I had been there .
2.到这门课程结束时，我们将学到许多关于英国的知识。（by the time引导时间状语从句）
By the time the course ends ， we will have learned a lot about the UK.
3.我之所以选择这个专业，是因为我对人工智能有着极大的兴趣。（the reason why...is that...）
The reason why I choose this major is that I have a great interest in artificial intelligence.
4.除非你全心全意地投入工作，否则你永远不会成功。（unless引导条件状语从句）
You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work .Unit 5 Learning from nature
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. superb adj.极好的，出色的
2. convert v. 使转变；使转换
3. frontier n. （学科的）知识前沿
4. sow v. 播（种）
5. physician n. 医生
6. bow v. 鞠躬
7. rural adj.农村的，乡村的
8. decent adj.可接受的，相当好的
9. cottage n. 乡村小屋
10. withdraw v. 退出
11. domestic adj.驯养的；家养的
12. resign v. 使自己顺从于（做）某事；安于
13. attain v. 得到，获得
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. wise adj.明智的，充满智慧的→ wisely adv. 明智地→ wisdom n. 智慧
2. employ v. 使用，运用；雇用→ employer n. 雇主→ employee n. 雇员→ employment n. 雇用
3. deliberate adj.不慌不忙的，从容不迫的；蓄意的v. 深思熟虑→ deliberately adv.不慌不忙地，从容不迫地；蓄意
4. depress v. 使抑郁→ depressive adj.抑郁的→ depression n. 抑郁（症）→ depressed adj.沮丧的→ depressing adj.令人沮丧的
5. depart v. 离开，出发→ departure n. 离开，起程
6. pure adj.纯净的，干净的→ purely adv. 仅仅，完全→ purity n. 纯洁，洁净→purifyv. 净化；精炼
7. reject v. 拒绝接受→ rejection n. 拒绝；否决
8. ease n. 舒适，悠闲；轻易v.（使）缓解→ easy adj.容易的；舒适的，安逸的；随和的→ easily adv.轻易地；很可能
9. fulfil v.实现；使满足→ fulfilled adj. 感到满足的，觉得满意的→ fulfilling adj. 令人满足的→ fulfilment n.满足（感）
10. evaluate v. 评估，评价→ evaluation n. 评估，评价
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.mimic v. 模仿
2.dioxide n. 二氧化物
3.radar n. 雷达
4.drone n. 无人驾驶飞机
5.superficially adv. 表面（上）地
6.reluctant adj. 不情愿的；勉强的
7.lane n. （乡间的）小路
8.atop prep. 在……顶上
9.botanical adj. 植物（学）的
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. take...for granted 认为……理所当然
2. convert...into... 把……转变为……
3. respond to 对……作出回应或反应
4. draw...from... 从……得出/获得……
5. seek solutions to 寻求……的解决方法
6. take inspiration from 从……中获取灵感
7. in return （for...） 作为（对……的）回报/报答；作为回应
8. reaction to 对……的回应/反应
9. withdraw from... 从……退出/离开
10. resign oneself to 使自己顺从于，安于
11. at ease with 不拘束，放松
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.In fact， we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us.（so...that...）
事实上，我们太习惯它们了，甚至可能把它们视为理所当然，而意识不到它们给了我们多少灵感。
2. It is natural to think in this way ， but of course it wasn’t the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone.（"It is＋adj.＋to do..."句型）
这样想很正常，但当然不是伞给了花灵感，也不是屋顶给了松果灵感。
3.At night， the heat absorbed by the wall during the day warms the cool air， creating a comfortable temperature inside .（现在分词短语作结果状语）
晚上，墙壁在白天吸收的热量使凉爽的空气变暖，形成了舒适的室内温度。
4.Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper， as we do .（as引导方式状语从句）
梭罗的写作旨在让人们相信，动物和植物像我们一样，有生存和繁衍的权利。
5. It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature， as both Tao and Thoreau did. （It takes...to do sth.）
像陶渊明和梭罗那样，拒绝轻松又熟悉的生活，而尽力去亲近自然，需要相当大的勇气。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.To attain （获得） a high level of fluency in a foreign language，you need to be surrounded by it.
2.I hope I can live in a beautiful cottage （乡村小屋） with roses around the door.
3.The earliest domestic （家养的） chickens we have found lived no earlier than 3，670 years ago， suggesting they have a far shorter history than we thought.
4.He resigned from his job and devoted himself entirely to painting at home.
5.It is the practice in the countryside that farmers sow in the spring and harvest in the autumn.
6.Over time， Zhang Guimei witnessed the gender gap in education closed in relatively poor rural areas.
7.More and more people choose to withdraw from their busy life and seek a harmonious relationship with nature in some faraway places.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The employer of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work. （employ）
2.Make a plan and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your evaluation and write down how you feel. （evaluate）
3.All too often writers of great works have to face criticism along with rejection . It is no surprise that their works are rejected more than once. （reject）
4.My father is a wise man， and he can always handle conflicts calmly and wisely ， so his wisdom makes me admire him very much.（wise）
5.He doesn’t feel fulfilled in his present job. I think he needs to find a job which could give him a sense of fulfilment . （fulfil）
6.If we feel depressed or lonely， there is nothing better than seeing the smiling faces of our good friends， which will no doubt sweep our depression away.（depress）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
respond to take...for granted take inspiration from in return for at ease with seek solutions to
1.I wish I could do something in return for the kindness I have received from him.
2.We take it for granted that clean water supply is endless， but in fact the resources on the earth are limited.
3.The school’s farm work education responds to the call of the country to improve students’ labor skills.
4.She loves nature， so she feels at ease with life in the countryside.
5.To better tell the story， she takes/took inspiration from her several visits to sites of ancient battles.
6.At the press conference， the manager conveyed the message that the company is trying to seek solutions to the problem.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.这些花看起来太漂亮了，我忍不住买了一束回家。（so...that...）
The flowers look so beautiful that I can’t help but buy a bunch of them home.
2.如果你想尽快找到工作，在面试中着装正式很有必要。（"it is ＋adj.＋to do..."句型）
If you want to find a job as quickly as possible， it is necessary to dress formally in an interview .
3.这次演讲是有意义且有感染力的，激励了许多学生为他们梦想的大学更努力地学习。（现在分词短语作结果状语）
The speech was meaningful and powerful， inspiring lots of students to study harder for their dream colleges.
4.你最好按照教授的指导做实验，否则你有可能无法完成它。（as引导方式状语从句）
You’d better conduct the experiment as the professor has instructed you ， otherwise you may fail to complete it.
5.说一门流利的外语需要努力和毅力。（It takes...to do sth.）
It takes hard work and persistence to be fluent in a foreign language.Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. artificial adj.人造的，人工的
2. victim n. 受害者
3. client n. 客户，客人，顾客
4. horizon n. 地平线
5. cell n. 细胞
6. bound adj.可能的
7. mechanical adj.机械的
8. frown v. 皱眉
9. tightly adv. 紧紧地
10. clue n. 线索，提示
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. human n. 人adj.人的，人类的→ humanity n. 人类；人性
2. assist v. 帮助，协助→ assistant n. 助手，助理→ assistance n. 帮助，支持
3. potential adj.潜在的n. 潜力；可能性，潜在性→ potentially adv. 潜在地
4. automation n. 自动化→ automatic adj.自动的→ automatically adv. 自动地
5. capable adj.有能力的→capability n.能力；才能→ capacity n. 能力，才能；容量→ incapable adj.无能力的
6. regulate v. 控制，管理→ regulation n. 规章制度
7. legal adj.合法的；法律的→ illegal adj.非法的，违法的→ illegally adv. 非法地
8. moral adj.道德的→morality n. 道德 → immoral adj.不道德的，道德败坏的
9. assess v. 评价，评定→ assessment n. 评定，评估
10. cycle n. 自行车v.骑自行车→ cyclist n. 骑自行车的人
11. demand n. 需要，需求v. 强烈要求；需要→ demanding adj.要求高的；苛求的
12. imitate v. 模仿→ imitation n. 仿制品；模仿，效仿
13. desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的→ desperately adv. 拼命地，绝望地→ desperation n. 绝望
14. fault n. 缺陷→ faulty adj.有故障的，有缺陷的
15. consistent adj.一贯的，一致的→ consistently adv. 一贯地→ consistency n. 前后一致，连贯性
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.susceptible adj. 易受影响的
2.leap n. 剧变
3.cite v. 引用，引述
4.reckon v. 认为，以为
5.agile adj. 敏捷的，灵活的
6.slope v. 倾斜，成斜坡
7.hop n. 跳跃
8.squeak v. 发出吱吱声
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. artificial intelligence 人工智能
2. happen to 遭到，遇到
3. so far 迄今为止
4. in contrast 相比之下
5. hang out 闲逛，常去某处
6. lie in 存在，在于
7. agree on 就……达成一致意见
8. be bound to 很有可能，肯定会
9. go through （法律、合同等正式）通过；仔细察看；经受
10. as though 似乎，仿佛，好像
11. change one’s mind 改变看法，改变主意
12.be susceptible to 易受……的影响
13.wipe out 摧毁；使灭绝
14.bank on 依靠，指望
15.on the horizon 将要发生
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant .（since引导原因状语从句）
因为她可以预测我是否会喜欢某一个餐厅，所以她推荐给我的每一个（餐厅）都很棒。
2.I can’t understand why some people worry so much. I hope more breakthroughs in AI will be made soon， so that we can enjoy more and more convenience .（so that引导目的状语从句）
我不明白为什么有些人如此担忧。我希望人工智能领域能尽快有更多突破，这样我们就能享受越来越多的便利。
3.The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth， which was low in the southern sky， was nearly full， so that the entire crater-slope was brightly lit . （so that引导结果状语从句）
环形山外侧向南倾斜，南面天空下方的地球几乎全部显现了出来，因此整个环形山山坡都被照亮了。
4.Jimmy， expert though he was ， couldn’t outrace Robutt， who didn’t need a spacesuit， and had four legs and tendons of steel.（though引导让步状语从句，使用倒装）
吉米虽然是个能手，但论速度他比不过罗布，因为它不用穿太空服，还有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.Whoever can provide any clue （线索） to the accident will be highly rewarded.
2.The government and the whole society are taking great care of the flood victims （受害者）.
3.This was the first time that the Winter Olympics had taken place on almost 100％ artificial （人造的） snow.
4.It’s high time we acted to "heal" the world. With joint efforts， she is bound to regain her vigor！
5.Before she left， she hugged her husband tightly ， her eyes filled with tears of gratitude.
6.The article published in the newspaper attacked the immoral behavior in public places.
7.Studying abroad can broaden our horizons and increase our abilities， such as mastering a language and communicating with people.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The experts have assessed the damage caused by the disaster， but it is said that their assessment is not accurate. （assess）
2.In remote areas， many people hunt animals illegally . What they do is illegal and they should be punished.（legal）
3.I think the boy has the potential for painting. And he is potentially very successful in the future， but he needs training now.（potential）
4.This is a demanding job. The manager always demands that tasks be finished within the deadline. （demand）
5.Faced with this serious problem， he desperately tried to find a solution. But， finally， he gave up in desperation . （desperate）
6.It’s not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives， but what we do consistently （consistent）.
7.As an assistant ， she always assists the manager in dealing with problems. The manager thinks highly of her assistance . （assist）
8.I’ve been a professional cyclist for years， but when I cycled to the West Lake， I hurt my knees， which ended my career. （cycle）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
so far wipe out change one’s mind in contrast hang out go through be bound to
1.The new model electric car went through many safety tests before it was released onto the market.
2.He had made the decision and would not change his mind .
3.Introduce your new friends to your old ones so that you can all hang out together.
4.3-D technology can be used in a plenty of fields and is bound to benefit us in the future.
5.In most cases， good communication can help wipe out misunderstandings and build a good relationship.
6.I have sent her several letters， to which she hasn’t replied so far ， so I decide to write her again.
7.After the reform， their business has expanded， while ours， in contrast ， has declined.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.人们普遍认为人类比动物优越，因为人类可以使用工具。（since引导原因状语从句）
It is widely believed that human beings are superior to animals since humans can use tools .
2.你最好一次做一件事，这样你就能集中精力。（so that引导目的状语从句）
You’d better do one thing at a time， so that you can concentrate on it .
3.大雨持续了大约一周，因此运动会不得不推迟到下个月。（so that引导结果状语从句）
The heavy rain lasted for about a week so that the sports meet had to be put off until next month.
4.尽管这很危险，消防员还是冲进着火的房子，救出了被困的孩子们。（though引导让步状语从句，使用倒装）
Dangerous though it was ， the firefighter dashed into the burning house and rescued the trapped children.Unit 3 War and peace
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. recall v. 回想，回忆起
2. outstanding adj. 杰出的，优秀的
3. uniform n. 制服
4. weapon n. 武器，兵器
5. intellectual adj. 智力的，脑力的
6. peer n. 同龄人；同辈
7. breeze n. 微风
8. anniversary n. 周年纪念日
9. sum n. 金额，款项
10. grain n. 谷物，粮食
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. violence n.暴力→ violent adj.狂暴的，凶暴的→ violently adv.凶猛地，暴力地
2. command v. &n. 命令；指挥→ commander n. 指挥官，长官
3. object n. 物体；目标v. 反对→ objective n. 目的，目标adj.客观的
4. horror n. 惊恐→ horrible adj.可怕的→ horribly adv.可怕地
5. bare adj.赤裸的；（树木）光秃秃的→ barely adv.勉强才能
6. liberate v. 解放（城市、国家等）→liberation n. 解放，解放运动
7. memory n. 记忆力；记忆→ memorize v. 记忆，记住→ memorial adj. 纪念的，追悼的→memorable adj. 值得纪念的，难忘的
8. stable adj.稳固的，稳定的→ stably adv.稳固地，稳定地→ stability n. 稳固，稳定
9. profession n. 职业 → professional adj.专业的，职业的n. 专业人士 →professionalism n. 专业水准；专业素质；职业精神
10. academy n. 学会；专科院校→ academic adj.学术的
11. aggressive adj.好斗的，侵略的→ aggression n. 侵略；攻击性→aggressor n. 侵略者
12. rough adj.简单的；粗糙的→ roughly adv.大约，大致
13. emerge v. 出现→ emergence n.出现
14. invade v. 侵略→ invasion n.武装入侵，侵略→ invader n. 侵略者，侵略军
15. mist n. 薄雾；水汽→ misty adj. 多雾的
16. glory n. 辉煌的成就，荣耀的事→ glorious adj. 光荣的，荣耀的
17. dedicate v. 把……奉献给→ dedicated adj.献身的，专心致志的→ dedication n. 奉献
18. represent v. 代表→ representative n. 代表adj.典型的，有代表性的
19. collect v. 收集→ collective adj.集体的；共同的→ collection n. 收藏品；取走；作品集
20. relevant adj.有关的，切题的→ relevance n. 相关性
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.landing n. （军队的）登陆
2.troop n. 部队；军队
3.tide n. 潮水
4.supreme adj. 最高的
5.coastline n. 海岸线
6.drown v. （使）淹死
7.amongst prep. 在……当中
8.weary v. （使）非常疲倦
9.bomb v. 轰炸
10.peacekeeper n. 维和人员
11.friction n. 冲突，摩擦
12.disrupt v. 扰乱
13.depict v. 描述，描写
14.prominent adj. 著名的，杰出的
15.blueprint n. 蓝图
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. prepare for 为……做准备
2. free...from... 释放，使摆脱；解除
3. have（...） confidence in... 对……有（……）信心
4. nothing less than 简直是；不亚于
5. make it 成功；及时赶到
6. meet up with （按照安排）见面，会面
7. keep to 遵守（或信守、履行）诺言
8. on standby 待命
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.But along the south coast of England， something unusual was happening： Allied troops made up mainly of British， Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers.（过去分词短语作后置定语）
但在英格兰南部海岸正在发生着不寻常的事情：主要由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的盟军部队正在大规模集结。
2.Code-named "Operation Overlord"， it was the largest combined sea， air and land operation in history， the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation. （独立主格结构）
代号为"霸王行动"，它是历史上规模最大的海、空、陆联合行动，目的是使欧洲西北部摆脱德国的占领。
3. With these words ringing in their ears ， Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day. （with复合结构）
随着这些话在耳边回响，盟军士兵们为战役做好了准备，这场战役将会被称为诺曼底登陆。
4.The enemy were hiding， ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land.（形容词短语作状语）
甚至在盟军登陆之前，敌人就已躲藏起来，准备好攻击他们了。
5.The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit.（不定式短语作后置定语）
第七个人是下一个穿过海滩而没有被击中的人。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.Chinese parents believe a child’s academic （学术的） success is directly linked to parenting skills.
2.I’m honored to act as a representative （代表） of our team to present our research to you.
3.Henderson recalled （回忆起） that he first met Pollard during a business trip to Washington.
4.Nobel Prizes are given to those who did outstanding work in fields of Physics， Chemistry， Physiology or Medicine， Literature and Peace.
5.According to a study， grandparents who help watch and spend time with their grandchildren may actually live longer than their peers .
6.Dressed in a white uniform ， he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
7.I was extremely nervous. I could barely speak as I walked up to the stage.
8.As the sun emerged from the black clouds， our hearts lifted， for we could go out to play in the park again.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.As far as I’m concerned， it does serious harm to children’s character that too much violence is shown on television， as it might make them behave violently . （violent）
2.She is completely dedicated to her work， and she has been praised by her boss many times for her dedication and enthusiasm. （dedicate）
3. A memorial service is being held for the soldiers in memory of their contributions to the independence of our country. （memorize）
4.The city was destroyed by foreign invaders ， who mounted an invasion ten years ago. （invade）
5.It is important that the country develop stably ， because only with the economic and social stability can our people’s well-being be guaranteed. （stable）
6.I could barely hear any sound when he came in because he walked with bare feet.（bare）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
nothing less than on standby make it have confidence in keep to prepare for
1.No matter how hard it is， as long as we have the dream and work hard， we will make it ！
2.We should have confidence in ourselves and believe we can realize our dream if we try our best.
3.During the sports competition， there is always a medical team on standby .
4.I’m afraid I can’t go shopping with you because I have to prepare for the coming exam.
5.Katherine is so good at playing the piano that she is nothing less than professional.
6.Since we’ve made the promise， let’s keep to it and not give up easily.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.下午2点，一群有才华的学生将表演一场精彩的戏剧。（过去分词短语作后置定语）
At 2 pm， there will be an excellent play performed by a group of talented students .
2.秋天来了，树叶变黄了，一些鸟儿飞到了南方。（独立主格结构）
Autumn coming ， the tree leaves turn yellow and some birds fly to the south.
3.熊转过头盯着我，水从它浓密的棕色毛发上滴落下来。（with复合结构）
The bear turned around and stared back at me， with water falling off its thick brown hair .
4.校长献身于教育事业，没有足够的时间陪伴家人。（形容词短语作状语）
Devoted to the cause of education ， the headmaster doesn’t have enough time for his family.
5.据说神农是第一个发现茶可以作为饮品的人。（不定式短语作后置定语）
It is said that Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink .Unit 2 A life’s work
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. pose v.（使）摆好姿势
2. grocery n.食品杂货店
3. faraway adj.遥远的
4. trial n. 试验
5. courtyard n. 庭院，院子
6. precious adj.珍稀的；贵重的
7. maximum n.最大量，最大值
8. polish v. 擦亮，擦光
9. bark v. （狗）吠叫
10. modest adj.谦虚的，谦逊的
11. essay n. 短文，论说文
12. comprise v. 包括，由……构成
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. fascinate v. 深深吸引，迷住→ fascination n. 着迷，迷恋→ fascinating adj.极有吸引力的，迷人的→ fascinated adj.入迷的
2. fashion n. 时尚→ fashionable adj.流行的，时兴的
3.prosper v. 繁荣；兴旺；成功；发达→ prosperous adj. 富裕的，繁荣的，兴旺的，发达的→prosperity n. 兴旺；繁荣；成功；昌盛
4. restore v. 修复，整修→ restoration n. （旧建筑或旧家具等的）修复，整修
5. exaggerate v. 夸大，夸张→ exaggeration n. 夸大，夸张
6. preserve v.维护，保护；保存→ preservation n.维护，保护；保存
7. dominate v. 支配，控制，主宰→ dominant adj. 占支配地位的；占优势的→ dominance n. 优势；支配地位
8. architect n. 建筑师；设计师→ architecture n. 建筑风格，建筑设计→architectural adj.建筑学的
9. ambition n. 雄心；追求的目标→ ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有雄心的
10. associate v. 与……有关→ association n. 关联；联系→ associated adj.有关联的，相关的
11. analyse/analyze v. 分析→ analysis n. 分析→ analyst n.分析师
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.lens n. （照相机、摄像机的）镜头
2.celebrity n. 名人，明星
3.craftsmanship n. 手艺；工艺；技艺
4.atomic adj. 原子能的；核能的
5.spotlight n. 聚光灯；媒体的关注
6.harsh adj. 恶劣的，艰苦的，严峻的
7.antique n. 古董，古玩，古物
8.workplace n. 工作场所
9.painstaking adj. 小心的；费尽心思的；精心的
10.nonetheless adv. 然而，但是；尽管如此，虽然如此
11.apt adj. 适当的，恰当的
12.timeless adj. 永恒的，恒久的；永不过时的
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. devotion to... 对……的热爱/奉献
2. nothing more than 只不过；仅仅
3. fascination with/passion for... 对……的着迷/酷爱
4. regardless of 不管，不顾
5. approach to sth. 做某事的方法；对某事的态度
6. day in， day out 日复一日
7. originate from 起源于，发源于
8. range from...to... 从……到……变化；在……范围内变化
9. bring...back to life 使……恢复生机
10. neither...nor... 既不……也不……
11. pass on/pass down...to... 把……传给……
12. take on 承担；呈现；雇用
13. take up 开始从事；占据；接受
14.by trial and error 反复试验（以得出最佳结果）
15.think outside the box 不拘一格地思考，跳出框框思考
16.break new ground 开辟新的领域；有新发现
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.These things were real， and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.（强调句型）
这些东西是真实的，正是在它们的真实中，坎宁安看到了美和潜力。
2.He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone， no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered.（"no matter＋疑问词"引导的让步状语从句）
他珍视自己的正直，不会被任何人收买，无论提供给他多少免费的衣服或远程航班。
3.This lack of self-interest and promotion kept Cunningham focused on his craft，enabling him to capture New York’s unique street style.（keep＋宾语＋宾补）
不追求自身利益和晋升使坎宁安能够专注于他的手艺，捕捉到纽约独特的街头风格。
4. If it hadn’t been for a three-episode documentary， outsiders would never have known that the plainly-dressed people working here are masters of their craft， who have spent their lives restoring precious antiques.（虚拟语气，不用倒装）
如果不是因为一部三集的纪录片，外人永远也不会知道，在这里工作的穿着朴素的人是工艺大师，他们一生都在修复珍贵的古董。
5. It is suddenly clear that when the clock masters say that "these antiques have lives"， it is neither an exaggeration nor a metaphor.（It is＋adj.＋that...）
人们突然明白了，当钟表大师们说"这些古董有生命"时，这既不是夸张，也不是比喻。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.A dog was in the yard， who barked （吠叫） when he saw a stranger coming.
2.We should try our best to find various ways to preserve and spread traditional Chinese culture.
3.The beautiful scenery in that faraway mountain village is beyond description.
4.If you observe that tree in the courtyard every day， it will gradually root in your heart.
5.Don’t waste your precious time， for youth， once spent， will never come again.
6.The more learned a man is， the more modest he usually becomes.
7.I advise you to polish up your article once more before you send it to the editor.
8.The couple make their living by running a small grocery .
9.The teacher asked us to write an essay about our hometown.
10.I saw some foreign friends posing for a picture when touring the Great Wall.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.In Chinese culture， the number "four" is usually associated with bad luck， but actually there isn’t any association between them.（associate）
2.He is an ambitious man who can do anything in order to achieve his ambition . （ambition）
3.The country was once prosperous ， but after the war all had changed and the peace and prosperity were nowhere to be seen. （prosper）
4.Nicki is a fashionable girl. Whatever the latest fashion is， you can be sure she will be wearing it. （fashion）
5.Unemployment is the dominant issue. The party which has the ability to solve the problem will gain dominance in the election. （dominate）
6.The architecture （architect） of the eighteenth century is quite different from now， so the restoration （restore） of the building is not easy.
7.He is a financial analyst ， and his statistical analysis indicates huge profits this year. （analyse）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
nothing more than regardless of by trial and error take on take up
1.Failure is the mother of success，which means progress will be made only by trial and error .
2.It is believed that smartphones not only take up our valuable time， but also do great harm to our health.
3.I don’t think that global warming means nothing more than a rise in the world’s temperature.
4.Some insects take on the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.
5.Always remember to find the positive side of each situation， regardless of how difficult the situation is.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.正是因为恶劣的天气，这场篮球比赛才不得不推迟。（强调句型）
It was because of bad weather that the basketball match had to be put off.
2.她不管怎么用力推都打不开那扇门。（"no matter＋疑问词"引导的让步状语从句）
She couldn’t open the door no matter how hard she pushed .
3.地址如有变动，请尽快通知我们。（keep＋宾语＋宾补）
Please keep us informed of any change of address as soon as possible.
4.要是没有我英语老师的帮助，我不会在英语写作比赛中获得第一名。（虚拟语气）
If it hadn’t been for my teacher’s help， I wouldn’t have won first prize in the English Writing Competition.
5.你没通过考试不足为奇，因为你没有付出努力。（It is＋adj.＋that...）
It’s not surprising that you failed the exam ， because you hadn’t made an effort.Unit 1 Face values
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. boost v. 促进，推动
2. pretend v. 假装，装作
3. dormitory n. 寝室
4. roommate n. （尤指大学里的）室友
5. overlook v. 忽视，忽略
6. bother v. （使）苦恼；打扰
7. pill n. 药丸，药片
8. welfare n. 帮助；福利
9. heartfelt adj.衷心的，诚挚的
10. accent n. 口音
11. resemble v. 像；与……类似，与……相似
12. heartbreaking adj.令人悲伤的
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. large adj.大的，大规模的→ largely adv.在很大程度上→ enlarge v. （使）增大，扩大
2. identity n.身份；同一性；特征→ identical adj.完全相同的；非常相似的→ identically adv.完全相同地；非常相似地
3. skin n. 皮肤→ skinny adj. 极瘦的，皮包骨的
4. acknowledge v. 承认（某事属实或某情况存在）；（公开）感谢→ acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢
5. assume v.假定，假设→ assumption n.假定，假设→assumed adj.假定的，假设的→ assuming conj.假如
6. save v. 储蓄，攒钱→ saving n. 积蓄
7. find v. 发现；找到→ finding n. 研究的结果；发现
8.fright n. 惊吓→ frightful adj. 可怕的，令人不快的→ frighten v. 使惊吓→ frightened adj. 受惊的→ frightening adj. 骇人的
9. loyal adj. 忠诚的→ loyalty n. 忠诚
10. novel n.小说adj.新颖的，新奇的→ novelist n.小说家
11. grace n. 优雅→ graceful adj. 优美的，优雅的
12. comprehend v.理解→ comprehension n.理解（力）→ comprehensive adj.全面的；综合性的
13. compassion n.怜悯；同情→compassionate adj.有同情心的
14. express v.表达→ expression n.表情；神色→expressive adj.富于表情的，有表现力的
15. tender adj. 温柔的→ tenderness n. 柔情
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.self-critical adj. 自我批评的，自我批判的
2.misjudge v. 对（人或情况）判断错误
3.psychology n. 心理，心理过程
4.righteous adj. 正派的，正直的
5.outward adj. 外表的，表面的
6.beast n. （尤指体型庞大或危险的）野兽
7.coward n. 胆小鬼；懦夫
8.bookish adj. 好读书的，书呆子气的
9.whilst conj. 而（用于强调两种情况、活动等之间的差别）
10.repay v. 报答
11.profound adj. （感情）强烈的，深切的
12.motive n. （尤指隐藏的）动机，原因，目的
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. boost one’s confidence 增加某人的信心
2. a lack of ……的缺乏
3. a desire for 对……的渴望
4. make an effort 作出努力
5. leave/make an impression on 给……留下印象
6. compare...to... 把……和……相比较；把……比作……
7. attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
8.from head to toe从头到脚
9.keep fit保持健康
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1. As a song in UglyBetty puts it ，"It’s a pretty person’s world".（as引导的从句）
正如《丑女贝蒂》中的一首歌所唱的那样："这是一个漂亮人的世界。"
2.But I was surprised at how good I looked after the makeover ！（how引导的宾语从句）
但是，一番装扮后，我对自己的良好形象感到惊讶！
3.He understood the motion of the head."But！" he said，
as though hesitating whether to finish ，"I am—I am deaf."（as though...作方式状语）
他看懂了（她）头部的动作。"但是！"他说，好像在犹豫是否要说完，"我——我听不见。"
4. Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment. （never位于句首引起倒装）
我从来没有像现在这样审视过自己的丑陋。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.Stress is invisible； that is why it is easy to overlook （忽视）.
2.Under great pressure from all sides， he finally acknowledged （承认）that he had made a huge mistake.
3.The movie was based on a sci-fi book and it boosted （增加） sales of the book in turn.
4.He no longer lives in the school dormitory because his new house is just nearby.
5.I’m sorry to bother you， but your car is blocking my driveway.
6.Mary resembles her sister in appearance but not in character， although they are twins.
7.Judging from his accent ， he must come from Henan Province.
8.I pretended I was asleep and stayed on the sofa for at least an hour until my father left the room.
9.I have trouble concentrating when my roommate talks so loud on her mobile phone.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.It was first assumed that he was the murderer， but later it turned out to be a false assumption .（assume）
2.Discuss and find out the reasons for the problem， and then report your findings to the class. （find）
3.The success of the novel（s） has made her the most highly paid novelist in history. （novel）
4.She has wonderfully expressive eyes， and you can feel her passion through her excited facial expression . （express）
5.This course offers a comprehensive training in all aspects of language learning， which will definitely improve your reading comprehension . （comprehend）
6.I plan to enlarge my vocabulary， largely because it is not large enough for me to get a better grade in English exams. （large）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
a lack of a desire for make an effort boost one’s confidence keep fit
1.My teacher’s encouraging words really boosted my confidence and I decided to try once again.
2.It is well worth making an effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection.
3.Caring too much about your appearance indicates a lack of self-confidence.
4.The usual suggestion to a person who is looking for a way to keep fit is to take up some sport and keep a balanced diet.
5.Everyone has a desire for success， but not everyone has the courage and determination to pursue it.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.众所周知，月球大约一个月绕地球转一圈。（as引导的从句）
As is known to everybody/As everyone knows ， the moon travels around the earth about once a month.
2.面对这么多因缺乏沟通而产生的问题，我不知道如何独立处理它们。（how引导的宾语从句）
Faced with so many problems arising from lack of communication， I didn’t know how I could deal with them independently .
3.小男孩举起了他的右手，好像有话要说。（as though...作方式状语）
The little boy raised his right hand， as though having something to say .
4.自从三年前搬到上海以来，他从未离开过这座城市。（never位于句首引起倒装）
Never has he left the city since he moved to Shanghai three years ago.
