Unit 6 Space and beyond
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. shadow n. 坏影响，阴影
2. scream v.（因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等）尖声大叫
3. crew n. （飞机上的）全体机组人员
4. awesome adj. 很好的，了不起的
5. straightforward adj. 简单的；坦率的
6. self-discipline n. 自我约束，自律
7. fetch v.（去）拿来
8. muscle n. 肌肉
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. except prep.除……之外conj.除了，只是→ exception n. 例外→ exceptional adj.异常的，特别的→ unexceptional adj.平常的
2. tragedy n. 悲剧；灾难，惨案→ tragic adj.悲剧的；悲痛的，悲惨的→ tragically adv.悲惨地，不幸地
3. suspend v.暂停，中止→ suspension n. 暂缓，推迟，延期
4. simulate v.模仿；假装，冒充→ simulated adj.模仿的，模拟的，仿真的→ simulator n. （用于人员训练的）模拟装置，模拟器→ simulation n. 仿真，模拟；假装
5. submit v.提交；屈服，顺从→ submission n. 提交，呈递；（向法官提出的）看法，意见；屈服→submissive adj.顺从的
6. visible adj.明显的；看得见的→ invisible adj.看不见的→ invisibility n. 看不见
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.lifelike adj. （图画、模型等）生动的，逼真的
2.telescope n. 望远镜
3.angle v. 斜置 n. 角度
4.galaxy n. 星系
5.pepper n. 胡椒粉
6.sneeze v. 打喷嚏
7.disc n. 激光唱片；光碟，光盘
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. become accustomed to 习惯于（做）某事
2. take off 起飞；脱下；（事业等）腾飞
3. cast a shadow on 给……蒙上阴影
4. call to 向……发出呼唤
5. be composed of 由……组成
6. the quest for 对……的探索/追求
7.one’s heart in one’s mouth 提心吊胆
8.reach for the stars 有崇高的目标
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.24 April 1970： China launched DongfanghongⅠ， becoming the fifth country to send a satellite into orbit . （the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth.）
1970年4月24日：中国发射了"东方红一号"，成为第五个将卫星送入轨道的国家。
2.With the eyes of students across the nation upon her， she might have inspired an entirely new generation of astronauts and space scientists.（"情态动词＋have done"结构）
随着全国学生的目光聚焦在她身上，她可能已经激励了全新一代的宇航员和太空科学家。
3.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us， reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars， no matter how distant they might seem . （"no matter＋疑问词"引导让步状语从句）
"挑战者号"的牺牲召唤着、提醒着我们，不管星空看起来多么遥不可及，我们都要继续去探索。
4. So great was the distance from Earth that it would need to travel for almost six years to reach its destination.（"so...that..."结构中so位于句首，引起倒装）
它（土星）离地球的距离如此之远，以至于它（"卡西尼号"）需要飞行近六年才能到达目的地。
5.The planets were seen to be worlds similar to our own， many of them even having their own moons . （独立主格结构）
这些行星被认为与我们的地球相似，其中许多甚至有自己的卫星。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.I have always been honest and straightforward （坦率的）and it doesn’t matter who I’m talking to.
2.Exercising at home alone requires a tremendous amount of self-discipline （自律）， and it’s good for your health. After all， keeping your muscles （肌肉）strong helps you to avoid back problems.
3.Please fetch （取）the bunch of purple flowers and put it here， for purple flowers look more beautiful against a light yellow wall.
4.It was an awesome party. We danced all night and then watched the sunrise. No better way to welcome the New Year.
5.The pain was so intense that she wanted to scream ， but she held back eventually.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.We submitted our plans to the council in advance yesterday to increase the chance of the acceptance of our submission .（submit）
2.The air is full of invisible （visible） germs， which can only be seen with a microscope.
3.In the car development， computer simulation will be necessary. The simulator can create different simulated traffic conditions to test the car.（simulate）
4. Tragically ，Mr Blackwood and his family experienced a tragic car accident yesterday and he lost his son. What a tragedy ！（tragedy）
5.John lives an unexceptional life as everyone else. One night he dreamt an exceptional dream where all the people in the world turned into robots without exception .（except）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
become accustomed to cast a shadow on take off call to be composed of
1.When things go wrong， we naturally feel disappointed and frustrated. But don’t let it cast a shadow on tomorrow’s dreams.
2.It is hot and wet in summer and cold and dry in winter， but you will become accustomed to the climate soon.
3.The new era calls to us， saying that we should strive to achieve more and do better.
4.Each special committee should be composed of a chairman， two vice-chairmen and a few members.
5.When he saw a little boy struggling in the river， he took off his jacket immediately and jumped into the water.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.屠呦呦为医疗领域做出了巨大贡献，这使得她成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女性。（the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth.）
Tu Youyou made great contributions to the medical field， making her the first Chinese woman to win the Nobel Prize .
2.我本想告诉你这个男孩的故事，但是你没有问。（"情态动词＋have done"结构）
I would have told you the story about the boy ， but you didn’t ask.
3.机器人无论会变得多么智能，都不会完全取代人类。（"no matter ＋疑问词"引导让步状语从句）
No matter how intelligent robots are going to become ， they will never replace human beings completely.
4.这场比赛意义重大，要求每个人准时到场。（"so...that..."结构中so位于句首，引起倒装）
So significant is the competition that everyone is required to arrive punctually.
5.老太太不知道该怎么办，银行职员让她打电话给她儿子询问相关信息。（独立主格结构）
The old lady not knowing what to do ， the bank clerk asked her to call her son for some related information.Unit 5 Into the unknown
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. bury v.将……埋在下面
2. astronomy n.天文学
3. ruin n.残垣断壁，废墟
4. upwards adv.向上，朝上
5. furthermore adv.此外；而且；不仅如此
6. notable adj.显要的；显著的；值得注意的
7. substance n.物质
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. civil adj.公民的；平民的→ civilian n.平民，老百姓→ civilise v.使文明，教化，开化→ civilised adj.文明的，开化的→ civilisation n. 文明（社会）
2. tropic n. 热带→ tropical adj. 来自热带的；产于热带的
3. abandon v.离弃，逃离→ abandoned adj. 放纵的；被离弃的，被遗弃的
4. dismiss v.拒绝考虑，否定→dismissal n. 不予考虑，摒弃；解雇
5. expand v.扩大，增加；扩展；详述→ expansion n. 扩大；增加
6. investigate v.调查；研究→ investigation n. 调查→ investigator n. 调查员
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.intrigue v. （因奇特或神秘而）激起……的兴趣，引起……的好奇心
2.pyramid n. 金字塔
3.canal n. 运河
4.downfall n. 衰败
5.getaway n. 逃跑，逃走
6.retreat v. 后退；离开；退避
7.shrink v. 退缩，畏缩
8.shipwreck n. 失事的船；沉船
9.archaeological adj. 考古学的；考古的
10.coral n. 珊瑚
11.millimetre n. 毫米
12.equivalent adj. 等同的；等值的；相当的
13.drilling n. 钻探；勘探
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. correspond to 与……相符/一致
2. on top of 除……之外
3. fall into ruin （因无人照料而）衰落，败落
4. check out 调查，检查；结账离开
5. set out 动身踏上（漫长的）旅途；（为达到某个结果而）开始做某事
6. throw oneself into 积极投入到……中去
7. think twice 再三考虑，慎重考虑
8. shrink from 避免做，不愿做
9. look into 调查（问题）
10. hold a record 保持纪录
11. beyond the reach of 在……能力/权力之外
12.make a getaway 逃跑，逃走
13.run for one’s life 逃命
14.test the waters 试水，试探
15.offer a window into 提供了解……的一扇窗
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.It contained more than 800 characters， with some signs representing animals ， people and objects and others representing syllables.（with复合结构）
它包含800多个字符，有些符号代表动物、人和物体，其他的代表音节。
2. The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious.（同位语从句）
玛雅社会的科技水平十分原始（primitive），那么这一事实便使其成就更加不可思议和神秘。
3.Its once-great cities fell into ruin， leaving various mysteries for later people to solve .（leave＋宾语＋宾补）
它曾经恢宏的城市沦为废墟，留下各种谜团等待后人解开。
4.Furthermore， the oceans are a valuable source of natural resources， some of which are completely new to us .（非限制性定语从句）
此外，海洋是自然资源宝贵的来源，其中一些我们是完全不熟悉的。
5. Being a tough environment of complete darkness ， enormous pressure and intense cold， the ocean depths have long been beyond the reach of human exploration.（现在分词作状语）
深海区域环境恶劣，完全黑暗，压强极大，极度寒冷，长期以来都是人类探索无法企及的区域。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.The Jefferson County Public Library is excited to host the free exhibition that explores the fascinating world of space and astronomy （天文学）.
2.Technology is developing at an increasing rate. Furthermore ， new knowledge is likely to be produced rapidly.
3.With so many people buried under the ruins， none of the rescue workers had time to rest.
4.After the terrible earthquake， more than half of the homes lay in ruins and people suffered great loss.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The Disaster Center warns people to take the threat of tropical （tropic） storms seriously.
2.We spent a week visiting the wonders of Ancient Greek civilisation ， from which we can imagine how the civilians lived at that time. （civil）
3.Experts went there， investigated the issue and carried out tests， which might push the investigation forward and contribute to solving the problem. （investigate）
4.The people there had abandoned the city before the storm happened. Then the abandoned city gradually fell into ruin. （abandon）
5.The company just invested $78 million to continue its rapid expansion （expand） and make each apartment unique and comfortable to work in.
6.He was dismissed by the company and the unfair dismissal forced him to leave his hometown and seek for job opportunities in large cities.（dismiss）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
fall into ruin run for one’s life check out shrink from look into think twice throw oneself into set out
1.We headed straight for the airport after we had checked out of the hotel.
2.With burning pieces of wood falling all around her， she ran for her life hurriedly.
3.One of the easiest and most accessible ways to get close to nature is by setting out on a good old-fashioned hike. It just requires a piece of map and a thirst for adventure.
4.My father has been highly thought of in our local community as he never shrinks from helping others.
5.A friend may make your life or break your life， so you have to think twice when you choose a friend.
6.I threw myself into everything I did， including playing volleyball， so I got first prize in the match.
7.After the fall of the Qing Dynasty， some towns near the west part of the Great Wall were abandoned and the Wall itself fell into ruin .
8.A special team was sent to look into the cause of the train accident， and the investigation suggested that high speed was to blame.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.山脚下有一个村庄，人们过着平静安宁的生活。（非限制性定语从句）
At the foot of the mountain lies a village， where people live a peaceful and quiet life.
2.全班同学都盯着他看，他感到更加不安。（with复合结构）
He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him .
3.克里斯演讲比赛获得第一名的消息使得他的父母非常开心。（同位语从句）
The news that Chris won first prize in the speech competition made his parents very delighted.
4.我不能让这么重要的一个任务半途而废。（leave＋宾语＋宾补）
I can’t leave such an important task half-done .
5.看到没有人在家，他决定给他们留一个便条。（现在分词作状语）
Seeing nobody at home ， he decided to leave them a note.Unit 4 Everyday economics
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. blank adj. 无表情的，木然的
2. dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的
3. potential n. （事物的）潜力，可能性
4. input n. 投入（物）
5. phase n. 阶段，时期
6. purchase v.购买
7. superior n. 质量上乘的，优质的
8. mild adj. 不浓烈的，淡的
9. subjective adj. 主观的
10. hire v.（短期的）租用，租借
11. abuse v.滥用
12. purse n. （女式）钱包
13. theft n.偷窃，偷盗
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. enterprise n. 企业；事业；进取心，事业心→ enterprising adj.有创业精神的，有事业心的，有进取心的→entrepreneur n.企业家→entrepreneurial adj.具有企业家素质的
2. distribute v.分发，分配→ distribution n.（商品的）分销，经销；分发；分配→distributor n.经销商，批发商
3. guide v.引导，带领n.导游，向导→ guidance n.指导，引导→guided adj. 有指导的，有向导的
4. consult v.商量；请教→ consultant n.顾问
5. convention n.惯例，习俗→ conventional adj.传统的，常规的
6. discriminate v.不公正地区别对待，歧视→ discrimination n. 歧视，区别对待；辨别力，识别力
7. interfere v. 介入；干涉→ interference n. 干涉，干预，介入
8. finance n.财政，金融→ financial adj.财政的，金融的；财务的
9. accumulate v.积累，积聚→ accumulation n.积累；堆积物
10. automatic adj. 自动的→ automatically adv.自动地
11. sorrow n. 令人悲伤的事，不幸→ sorrowful adj.悲伤的，悲痛的
12. frustrate v.使懊丧，使沮丧→ frustrated adj.沮丧的，懊恼的→ frustrating adj. 令人沮丧的，令人懊恼的→ frustration n.懊丧，懊恼，沮丧
13. supervise v. 监督，管理→ supervision n. 监督；管理
14. expend v. 花费，消费，耗费→ expense n. 费用，花费→ expensive adj.昂贵的→expenditure n. 花费，费用，开支
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.forehead n. 额，前额
2.chairwoman n. 女主席；女会长
3.sunrise n. 日出（时分）；黎明；拂晓
4.bug n. 突然的兴趣，迷恋
5.obstacle n. 障碍，阻碍，妨碍
6.manufacturer n. 制造商；制造公司，制造厂
7.bonus n. 奖金；红利
8.equator n. 赤道
9.calorie n. 卡（路里）
10.freshman n. （高中或大学的）一年级学生
11.rational adj. （想法、决定等）合理的，基于理性的
12.exceed v. 超过，超出
13.thereby adv. 因此，由此
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. as to 至于，关于
2. start out 开始从事；启程，动身
3. interfere with 妨碍，阻止
4. go into debt 陷入债务之中，负债
5. response to 对……的回应；对……的回答
6. take advantage of 利用
7.make ends meet 使收支仅能相抵
8.rent out 出租（房屋、房间、土地等）
9.as is often the case 通常情况下
10.at the expense of 以损害……为代价
11.be subject to 可能受……影响的，易遭受……的
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.The place where this happens is a valley， a world away from any television studio.（定语从句）
这发生在一个山谷里，一个远离任何电视演播室的世界。
2. It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the potential.（强调句型）
直到从海外大学毕业，回国看望父母时，张悦才意识到了这里的潜力。
3. What really matters is a sound business plan， access to capital， and good management and negotiating skills.（主语从句）
真正重要的是一个合理的商业计划、获得资金的途径以及良好的管理和谈判技巧。
4. No need to bring my own tomorrow ！["（There is） no need （for sb.） to do sth."结构]
明天不用带我自己的！
5. Whether it’s an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock-bottom prices ， or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days， it’s out there.（"whether...or..."引导让步状语从句）
无论是我们可以以最低价格租用名牌服装的网上商店，还是我们可以把公寓租出去几天的平台，它都已出现。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.Rapid development in technology has long represented a potential （潜在的） threat to many jobs normally performed by people.
2.More specific and less subjective （主观的） criteria should be used in selecting people for promotion within the company.
3.Jack’s house has been broken into twice and now he takes precautions against theft （偷盗）at any time.
4.Linda is going to live on the beautiful island for three months， so she hires a car for convenience.
5.Life comes in a package， one that includes happiness and sorrow ， failure and success.
6.I felt dizzy when I looked down from the top of the television tower.
7.Francis had worked for a press and gave me some guidance on my editing work.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.I felt frustrated and shared my frustration at the frustrating incident with Mr. Greg， which also frustrated him. But he still tried to comfort me.（frustrate）
2.Black people were discriminated against in the past and they united together to fight discrimination .（discriminate）
3.The students entered into the beautiful world of the arts under the guidance （guide） of their teacher.
4.They bought the expensive car at the expense of all their savings.（expend）
5.They had consulted with the consultant on legal issues before publishing the book last year.（consult）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
at the expense of go into debt as is often the case
make ends meet be subject to interfere with
1.George is a warm-hearted man. As is often the case ， he is ready to help others.
2.We must keep in mind that we shouldn’t develop technology at the expense of environment.
3.We are told that the flight is subject to delay due to the bad weather.
4.At a movie theater， making noise or walking around may interfere with other audience.
5.My single mother used to take on several jobs just to make ends meet .
6.In America， parents may save for many years and even go into debt to pay for their children to attend college.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.她将自己置于了危险的境地，很有可能丢掉性命。（定语从句）
She’s got herself into a dangerous situation where she’s likely to lose her life .
2.她被老师批评了之后才意识到自己犯了多大的错误。（强调句型）
It was only after she was criticized by her teacher that she realized how big a mistake she had made.
3.我想表达的是，在奥运会上做志愿者对于年轻人是有意义的事。（主语从句）
What I want to express is that being a volunteer at the Olympic Games is meaningful to young people.
4.考试成绩有起伏是正常现象，你不必为此忧心忡忡。["（There is） no need （for sb.） to do sth."结构]
There are ups and downs in your performance in exams， which is quite normal， so there is no need for you to worry about it .
5.在十字路口左转还是右转都无所谓——两条路都通向公园。（"whether...or..."引导让步状语从句）
It doesn’t matter whether you turn left or right at the crossing — both roads lead to the park.Unit 3 The world meets China
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. statue n.雕像；塑像
2. peak n. 高峰，顶点
3. department n.（大学的）系，部
4. institute n.学院；研究院
5. temple n. 庙宇，寺院
6. tune n.曲调，旋律
7. historian n.历史学家
8. genius n.天才，天赋
9. kingdom n.王国
10. enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. glory n. 光荣，荣誉→ glorious adj.辉煌的；光荣的
2. religion n.宗教，宗教信仰→ religious adj.宗教的；笃信宗教的，虔诚的
3. strong adj.强壮的，强健的→ strength n.力量，力气；优点，长处→ strengthen v.加强，巩固，增强
4. cover v.覆盖；遮盖；走完（一段路程）；报道；足以支付n.遮盖物；封面；自然植被→ coverage n.覆盖范围；新闻报道→ uncover v.揭发
5. scholar n. 学者；奖学金获得者→ scholarship n. 奖学金
6. prior adj.先前的；较早的→ priority n. 优先，优先权；首要事情
7. romance n. 传奇故事→ romantic adj.浪漫的；多情的
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.gateway n. 通向……的门户
2.oasis n. （沙漠中的）绿洲
3.boast v. （地方、机构等）自豪地拥有（好的事物）
4.testimony n. 证据，证明
5.scroll n. 纸卷，卷轴
6.crossroads n. 汇集地，活动中心
7.expo n. 展览会，博览会
8.chamber n. 房间
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. date from 追溯到，始于
2. bring...to life 使……更有趣/更生动
3. on the whole 大体上，基本上，总的来说
4. prior to 在……之前，先于……
5. be exposed to 接触；面临着；暴露于
6. keep a close eye on 密切关注，照看
7. think highly of 高度评价
8.be testimony to是……的证明
9.seal up封闭，密封
10.fade from从……逐渐消失
11.strike a chord引起共鸣，触动心弦
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.In a sealed cave， now known as the famous Library Cave， were hidden thousands of manuscripts， paintings and scrolls ， as well as silk embroideries.（介词短语位于句首引起完全倒装）
在一个封闭的洞穴，也就是现在著名的藏经洞中，除了丝绸刺绣外，还藏有成千上万的手稿、绘画和卷轴。
2.Gradually， it faded from memory， even though it was once such a great city . （even though引导让步状语从句）
它还是渐渐淡出了人们的记忆，尽管它曾经是一个如此有影响力的城市。
3. Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road， Dunhuang was the ideal place.（given that...）
鉴于世博会的主题是促进丝绸之路沿线国家的文化交流，加强相互合作，敦煌是理想之地。
4.Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands， and they are well-received.（see＋宾语＋宾语补足语）
每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，并且受到欢迎。
5. If only there was greater awareness of Chinese language and literature in my country.（if only）
要是我的国家有更多人了解中国的语言和文学就好了。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.What’s more， some statues （雕像） of famous people will be set up to encourage us to work harder.
2.I graduated from the English department （系） of a university four years ago.
3.The old temple （庙宇） has witnessed great changes of the village in the past two hundred years.
4. Genius （天才） is one percent of inspiration and ninety-nine percent of perspiration.
5.He was speaking to an audience of students at the Institute （学院） for International Affairs.
6.Go on climbing to the peak （高峰）， and you will see all the surrounding hills.
7.The company enjoyed enormous （巨大的） success because of its high-tech products.
8.Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune （曲调）.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.He often says that he doesn’t believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others’ religious freedom. （religion）
2.David has a strong body. He has the strength to do this hard work. Thus we had better strengthen the relationship with him. （strong）
3.According to the newest media coverage ，the newly found evidence uncovered his criminal offence though he tried to cover it. （cover）
4.On the strength of those achievements，the scholar won a scholarship to the key university.（scholar）
5.The glorious victory of our national volleyball team inspired us to work harder for the glory of our homeland. （glory）
6.He still finds time for romance by cooking a candlelit dinner for his girlfriend， creating a romantic atmosphere. （romance）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
keep a close eye on be exposed to date from bring...to life think highly of
1.In order to remove her anxiety about the exam， the teacher advised her to be exposed to some entertaining reading.
2. Dating from the Song Dynasty， the Confucius Temple in Nanjing has now developed into a famous scenic spot， featuring sightseeing， shopping and tasty foods.
3.Looking at these sculptures， one sees the face of the past. History is brought to life .
4.Employees who feel unsatisfied in current jobs keep a close eye on better positions in the job market so as to change jobs someday.
5.People thought highly of the driver who， in spite of the terrible weather， had saved his passengers from danger.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.山脚下有一个农场，四周绿树成荫，有一条小河从中流过。（介词短语位于句首引起完全倒装）
At the foot of the hill lies a farm ， and it is surrounded by green trees， with a small river flowing through it.
2.尽管他怕得要死，但依然鼓足勇气走上前去查看发生了什么。（even though引导让步状语从句）
Even though he was scared to death ， he still mustered up the courage to come up， checking what was happening.
3.考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们的工作做得还是不错的。（given that...）
Given that they are lacking in experience ， they’ve done a good job.
4.她很高兴看到她的花园被邻居照顾得很好。（see＋宾语＋宾语补足语）
She was glad to see her garden taken good care of by her neighbour.
5.要是彼得知道怎么修理这台机器就好了！（if only）
If only Peter knew how to mend the machine！ Unit 2 Lessons in life
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. widespread adj. 广泛流传的
2. phrase n. 成语，习语；警句；短语
3. fee n. 工作酬金，服务费
4. pure adj. 纯净的，洁净的
5. absurd adj. 荒唐的，愚蠢的
6. lean v.倚，靠
7. despair n. 绝望
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. weak adj. 虚弱的→ weaken v.（使）虚弱→ weakly adv.虚弱地→ weakness n. 虚弱，软弱；弱点
2. pessimism n. 悲观，悲观主义→ pessimist n. 悲观主义者→ pessimistic adj. 悲观的，悲观主义的
3. anticipate v.预期，预料→ anticipation n. 预期，预料；期望
4. possess v.拥有→ possession n. 财产，财物；占有，拥有
5. normal adj. 正常的→ abnormal adj. 不正常的，反常的
6. recognise v.认出；承认→ recognition n. 承认，认可；认出→ recognisableadj. 可辨认的；可认出的
7. cooperate v.合作，协作→ cooperation n.合作，协作→ cooperative adj. 合作的，协作的
8. instinct n. 本能，天性；直觉→ instinctive adj. 本能的，直觉的，天生的→ instinctively adv.本能地
9. luxury n. 奢华，奢侈→ luxurious adj. 十分舒适的，奢侈的
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.outstretched adj. 张开的，伸开的
2.cram v. 挤满
3.transparent adj. 透明的
4.vexed adj. 恼火的
5.stroke v. 轻抚，抚摸
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. be reunited with （使）重聚
2. point of view 观点，态度，看法
3. get distracted by 因……而分心
4. lose touch with 和……失去联系
5. rush into 冲进，匆忙进入
6. burst out laughing 突然笑起来
7. no more...than 和……一样不（否定两者）
8.live life to the full充分享受生活
9.be crammed with塞满
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.I think it’s important for young people to know that making a lot of money won’t always make them happy， or that looking different doesn’t make a person abnormal！（"It＋be＋形容词＋for sb.＋to do sth."句型）
我认为对于年轻人来说，重要的是明白赚很多钱并不总能带来快乐，或者看上去与众不同并不代表不正常！
2. It’s up to us to find out what is important in our lives and establish our own values.（"It’s up to sb. to do sth."句型）
去发现在我们的生活中什么是重要的，并建立我们自己的价值观，这取决于我们。
3.Reading this book made me feel as if I’d been woken up from a long sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world！（as if引导表语从句）
阅读这本书仿佛将我从长长的一觉中唤醒了，让我终于开始睁眼看世界！
4.He is no more absurd than the majority of men...（no more...than...）
他和大多数人一样都不可笑……
5.The central idea of the play is that happiness is to be found not in luxuries such as wealth， but in simple things that are found in family life， and in acts of friendship and kindness.（not...but...）
该剧的中心思想是，幸福不是从财富等奢侈品中寻求的，而是从家庭生活中的简单小事以及友谊和善良的举动中寻求的。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.She doesn’t subscribe to his pessimistic （悲观的） view on the state of economy； she thinks it is just on the rise.
2.Mr Smith asked whether the bank charged a fee for opening the account.
3.With the widespread use of the Internet， communications across the world have steadily developed over the years.
4.We’ve tried to anticipate the most likely problems， but it’s impossible to be prepared for every eventuality.
5.When you learn English， however difficult the sentence is， it can be broken up into phrases and then words.
6.You’ll be exposed to less pollution if you move to a village with pure water and air.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.As a successful businessman， not only is he in possession of three villas， but he also possesses three firms. （possess）
2.Although he was feeling weak from working too long， his weakness could not weaken his resolve to continue. （weak）
3.He had changed so much that you couldn’t even recognise him. As a matter of fact， illness and age changed him beyond recognition . （recognise）
4.John will continue his cooperation with Francis， who is known as a very cooperative person in the class. （cooperate）
5.The doctor said that their baby was abnormal ， which made the couple very sad. However， they still hoped that their baby would live a normal life. （normal）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
be reunited with rush into lose touch with burst out laughing get distracted by
1.After her three years’ studying abroad， Judy finally returned home and was reunited with her family.
2.It’s sad that I have lost touch with my bestie — she is one of the finest people I’ve ever known.
3.His strong sense of humor was such as to make everyone in the room burst out laughing .
4.All the passengers of the bus got off and stood on the side of the road， ready to rush into the next bus.
5.Concentrate on the main points of the argument and try not to get distracted by incidental details.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.每个人都有必要致力于保护濒危的海洋生物。（"It＋be＋形容词＋for sb.＋to do sth."句型）
It is necessary for everyone to be devoted to protecting the endangered marine life.
2.由你决定我们午餐吃什么。（"It’s up to sb. to do sth."句型）
It’s up to you to decide what we are going to eat for lunch.
3.群山被浓雾包围，我们仿佛在云中漫步。（as if引导表语从句）
The mountains are surrounded by heavy mist. It looks as if we were wandering in clouds .
4.这座沿海城市的冬天不比我家乡冷。（no more...than...）
This coastal city is no colder than my hometown in winter.
5.他成功不是因为他聪明，而是因为他努力。（not...but...）
He succeeded not because he was clever but because he worked hard .Unit 1 Looking forwards
基础默写
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. ultimately adv.最后，最终
2. complex adj.复杂的
3. numerous adj.许多的，很多的
4. alternative n.可供选择的事物
5. dilemma n. 进退两难的境地，困境
6. arise v.（由……）引起
7. circumstance n.情况，情形
8. affection n.喜爱，钟爱
9. shift n.当班时间
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. ambition n.追求，理想→ ambitious adj.有野心的，有雄心的，雄心勃勃的
2. train n.火车，列车v.训练，培训→ trainer n.运动鞋；教练员→ trainee n.接受工作培训的人；实习生
3. history n. 历史→ historic adj. 具有重大历史意义的→ historical adj. （有关）历史的→ historically adv.在历史上，长期以来
4. admit v.承认；准许……加入→ admission n.允许进入（加入）
5. participate v.参加→ participation n.参加，参与→ participant n.参与者，参加者
6.commerce n.贸易，商业，商务→ commercial n.（电视或电台的）商业广告adj.商业的，贸易的
7. think v.认为，以为；想，思考→ thought n.想法，看法，主意→ thoughtful adj.认真思考的，深思的
8. symbol n.象征；符号，代号，记号→ symbolic adj.使用象征的，作为象征的，象征性的→ symbolize v.象征，代表
9. mix v.（使）混合，融合；调配；相容→ mixed adj.混合的，混杂的→ mixture n.混合；混合体
10. qualify v.取得资格（或学历），合格；使合格，使具备资格→ qualified adj.合格的，胜任的→ qualification n. 资格；资历；合格，获得资格
11. fluent adj.流利的，流畅的→ fluently adv.流利地，流畅地→ fluency n.熟练，流利
12. sincere adj.真诚的，诚挚的→ sincerely adv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.boyhood n. （男性的）童年时期，少年时代
2.correspondent n. 通讯员，记者
3.detective n. 私家侦探
4.dot n. 点，小圆点
5.backwards adv. 往回，往前面
6.diverge v. （两条路）岔开，分开
7.refreshments n. 茶点，点心和饮料
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. in the face of 面对
2. take action 采取行动
3. be forced to do 被迫做某事
4. make up one’s mind 做出决定
5. put off 推迟……，使……延期
6. on a daily basis 每天
7. arise from 产生于，起源于
8. turn down 关小（音量）；拒绝
9.pass up放过，放弃，错过（机会）
10.have second thoughts（对原先的决定）犹豫，产生怀疑
11.reject...out of hand坚决拒绝……；彻底否决……
12.weigh up仔细考虑，权衡
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.Can we take action to shape it， or should we just accept whatever comes our way ？（whatever引导名词性从句）
我们能采取行动去影响未来吗，还是该全然接受现实给予我们的一切？
2. On leaving high school ， he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter.（upon/on＋n./doing sth.）
高中一毕业，他就进入了堪萨斯州当地一家报社做实习记者。
3.So， whatever twists and turns you might encounter ， take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected.（"疑问词＋-ever"引导让步状语从句）
所以，你无论可能遇到什么曲折，都应以这两位作者为榜样，做好应对意外的准备。
4.But what if I don’t do well enough in the exam to get into the Medical School？（"What if...？"句型）
但如果我考试成绩不够好，无法进入医学院怎么办？
5.Like the writer， all we can do is look backwards "with a sigh" and imagine what could have been.（动词不定式作表语）
就像作者一样，我们能做的就是在回首往事时"轻声叹息"，幻想事情本可以成为什么样子。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.Some people believe that it is not your talents or abilities but your choices that ultimately （最后） decide your fate.
2.Albert Einstein made numerous （许多的） contributions to the world， the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2.
3.Anne works the night shift （当班时间）， so she always sleeps during the day.
4.The lighting of the Olympic torch symbolizes peace and friendship among the nations of the world.
5.Under no circumstances should we underestimate the positive and enduring effect of reading.
6.He has an amazing ability to explain the complex questions in a simple way.
7.Misunderstanding may arise from the improper analysis of the problem.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Robert is a very ambitious man and one of his ambitions is to travel to the Antarctic.（ambition）
2.Do you know the historical background of the most historic event in the 20th century？（history）
3.Finally，the boy admitted that he failed to gain admission to the university that he had chosen.（admit）
4.A leg injury is preventing him from participating in the competition， so we need another participant . （participate）
5.Our chemistry teacher mixed some salt and vinegar with water and the mixture tasted very terrible. （mix）
6.He has the qualification that the job requires， so I believe he is qualified for the job.（qualify）
7.The applicant speaks English fluently ， and her fluency in English made her stand out among other applicants. Apart from that， she is fluent in French as well. （fluent）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
weigh up make up one’s mind be forced to in the face of pass up
1. In the face of unfair social phenomena， we should not shrink from defending social justice.
2.The surgery left Mark unable to walk normally for a year， and he was forced to abandon his dream of being a climber.
3.Recently， I talked to a friend who passed up a good job offer because he didn’t want to leave his hometown.
4.When making a big decision， we need much time to weigh up all the advantages and disadvantages.
5.Thanks to your encouragement， I made considerable progress in math， and finally made up my mind to continue to study it at university.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.你在做的任何事都不应打扰到其他人——永远不要忘了别人的感受。（whatever引导名词性从句）
Whatever you are doing should never disturb others — never forget about how others feel.
2.亨利希望一毕业就能找到一份能好好利用他的管理技能的工作。（upon/on＋n./doing sth.）
Henry hopes to find a job upon graduation where his management skills can be put to good use.
3.无论面对什么困难，我们都需要持乐观态度。（"疑问词＋-ever"引导让步状语从句）
Whatever difficulties we are faced with， we need to keep an optimistic attitude.
4.我很担心出国留学的事。我如果适应不了怎么办？（"What if...？"句型）
I’m anxious about studying abroad. What if I can’t fit in ？
5.这一倡议的目的是加强中国与世界其他各国的联系。（动词不定式作表语）
The aim of this initiative is to strengthen the bond between China and other countries in the world.
