深圳市高级中学高中园2023-2024学年第一学期期末测试
高二英语
本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，第Ⅰ卷为1-60题，共110分，第Ⅱ卷为61-71题，共40分。全卷共计150分。考试时间为120分钟。
注意事项：
1、答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。
2、每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再涂其它答案，不能答在试题卷上。
3、考试结束，监考人员将答题卡收回。
第Ⅰ卷（本卷共110分）
第一部分 单项选择（共25小题；每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）
1. On a typical day, clown doctors spend their time ________ patients, their families! They do this by doing magic tricks, singing songs, telling stories and of course, telling silly jokes.
A. bursting onto B. cheering up C. telling off D. looking through
2. Even using a spoon, I spilled most of the soup on my shirt, so I felt ________, even though no one could see me.
A. confused B. inspired C. delighted D. embarrassed
3. Stephen was thought by many people, including his high school teammates and coaches, to be too short and too weak to follow his father’s footsteps. But Stephen ________ playing basketball.
A. carried on B. paid off C. fell behind D. gave up
4. Visitors to one of Janet Echelman’s artworks in Vancouver could not only enjoy looking at it, they could also interact with it ________ by using their phones to change its colours and patterns.
A. greatly B. rarely C. previously D. literally
5. Pandas ________ China and some of them are invited to other countries to live for some time because of deep friendship between countries.
A. are native to B. are aware of C. are worthy of D. are familiar with
6. The first landmark to catch my eye is the ________ Qingshuihe Bridge, the world’s longest bridge built over permafrost (永久冻土层).
A. splendid B. delicate C. genuine D. primitive
7. The ambulance driver has seen a lot of car accidents involving teenagers and thinks the ________ age for getting a driving licence should be 21.
A. mature B. evident C. legal D. instant
8. If you consider something ________, you try to think about the facts, and not be influenced by your own feelings or opinions.
A. legally B. gradually C. nobly D. objectively
9. As we can see, emojis have a ________ to pop up all over the place. Users of emojis say that they facilitate the way they express themselves.
A. tendency B. access C. agency D. licence
10. What the boy’s father did was not ________ because his son has become a useful person for society.
A. in vain B. in contrast C. in case D. in advance
11. Good morning, everyone. It is my great pleasure to give a lecture ________ the Be at One with Nature Association.
A. in contrast to B. in addition to C. in need of D. on behalf of
12. Mars ________ people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before.
A. has fascinated B. has risen C. has reacted D. has approved
13. Hungry animals are finding plenty to eat in our gardens and in the leftovers we ________.
A. consist of B. switch on C. throw away D. rely on
14. People say that 18 marks a new chapter in our lives, and that we should become more ________.
A. influential B. convincing C. emotional D. independent
15. Thanks to their efforts, the monkey’s ________ has doubled since the 1980s. Their number reached over 1,300 in 2015 and continued to grow.
A. population B. popularity C. routine D. intention
16. At that time, people believed that all species ________ on Earth at the same time, and had not changed since.
A. have appeared B. were appeared C. had appeared D. were appearing
17. The issue ________ at this moment yesterday by the company’s managers.
A. was being discussed B. is being discussed
C. had discussed D. was discussing
18. They worked for two hours to rescue the man ________ was injured in the accident.
A. whom B. which C. as D. who
19. Sunset is the time of day ________ we sit on the balcony and count stars.
A. that B. which C. when D. how
20. Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, ________ means clown doctors can be helpful in amusing people.
A. which B. that C. why D. who
21. ________around, I saw a white-haired man.
A. To turn B. Turning C. Turned D. Turn
22. ________ in the refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.
A. Kept B. Being kept C. Keeping D. Having kept
23. Grandfather and father, ________ at the table, are playing chess.
A. seated B. are seating C. seating D. are seated
24. With so much homework ________ this weekend, I have no time to go to bookstore with you.
A. done B. to do C. being done D. doing
25. The ________ boy was last seen playing near the East Lake where many people choose to go every day.
A. missing B. missed C. had missed D. was missing
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Animals were the real pioneers of space flight. Let us learn about some animals that have been to space.
A. Fruit flies
On February 20, 1947, the United States sent some fruit flies into space to study the impact that cosmic radiation (宇宙辐射) might potentially have on astronauts in the future. They chose flies because they are genetically similar to humans.
When they returned to Earth, the scientists found the flies alive, with no evidence of the effects of radiation.
B. Mice
Mice have long been used to find out more about how space travel will affect the human body. In fact, NASA has recently published a study of mice housed at the International Space Station. It shows that mice quickly adapt to microgravity (微重力) conditions.
The very first mouse went into space in 1950, reaching an altitude of 137km. However, unlike the fruit flies, the mouse died when the rocket broke into parts due to a parachute (降落伞) failure.
C. Dogs
Laika, a Russian homeless dog, went to space on November 3, 1957. She was picked up on the streets and was thought suitable because she had a gentle temperament (性情) and behaved well. The scientists also believed a homeless dog would be better at dealing with difficult conditions like microgravity than a pet dog.
Laika is famous for being the first animal to orbit (环绕……运行) the Earth. However, she never returned.
D. Spiders
In 1973, two garden spiders called Anita and Arabella were used in an experiment to see if they could still build webs in space.
Both spiders managed to build webs, even though the webs were slightly finer than on Earth. The study showed a great deal about the effects of microgravity on motor response (运动反应).
26. What can we learn about the mouse astronaut
A. It failed to come back alive.
B. It couldn’t survive in microgravity conditions.
C. Its genes were similar to humans’.
D. It was the first animal to be sent to space.
27. Laika was chosen by the scientists for all the following reasons EXCEPT ________ .
A. her good temperament B. her identity as a pet dog
C. her ability to deal with microgravity D. her good behavior
28. What’s the purpose of sending the two spiders to space
A. To compare the quality of webs they made on Earth and in space.
B. To study the impact of cosmic radiation on their survival.
C. To see how fast they could build webs in space.
D. To see whether they could build webs in space.
B
Michael and his wife, new residents in a San Francisco apartment, learned about their neighbor Jeff Dunan’s volunteer work for Bangladesh Relief, an organization that provides food, clothing and essential supplies for disadvantaged people in northern Bangladesh. Inspired, Michael donated $150 to Dunan’s GoFundMe campaign. However, a credit card notification alerted him to an unintended $15,041 charge.
When he saw the five-figure number, he was confused. Soon, it all made sense. Michael’s credit card number started with four and one. Clearly, he accidentally began typing his credit card information while his cursor (光标) was still in the donation box.
Michael planned to call Dunan to explain, but before he had the chance to do that, he started receiving Facebook messages from Shohag Chandra, the charity’s Bangladesh-based program manager, thanking him for his generous donation. After he looked through the photos of people holding thank-you signs that read his name, Michael’s heart sank. He felt terrible that he had to withdraw his handsome donation. Once his original contribution was refunded, he decided to donate $1,500.
Although Michael had told his family and friends about the tale, he decided to share it publicly on social media, after Dunan told him the organization was desperately in need of funds. “The least I could do was take the time to post this story online and see if I could inspire other people to donate to the cause,” Michael said.
Little did he know, though, that the story would be seen far and wide, ending up raising more than $120,000 for Bangladesh Relief in the span of only a few weeks—about eight times Michael’s mistaken donation. According to Dunan, more than 3,700 people have contributed because of Michael’s post. Michael has been stunned (震惊) by the ongoing outpouring of support. “Never in my wildest dreams did I imagine this reaction,” he said. “People can be amazing when they come together for something like this.”
29. How did Michael make the large donation
A. He input an incorrect amount. B. He encountered a system error.
C. He was greatly inspired by Dunan. D. He entered wrong credit card details.
30. Why did Michael’s heart sink according to Paragraph 3
A. He saw people in despair. B. He failed to offer enough money.
C. He didn’t receive the full refund. D. He realized the scale of his mistake.
31 What motivated Michael to share the story on social media
A. Dunan’s request for publicity. B. A desire for personal recognition.
C. The organization’s urgent need for funds. D. Pressure from his family and friends.
32. What message does the story convey
A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Many hands make light work.
C. Always prepare for a rainy day. D. A good beginning is half of victory.
C
This year marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first manned space mission, with Yang Liwei becoming the first Chinese astronaut to go to space. Since then, another 19 astronauts have reached for the stars. The selection of the fourth generation of astronauts began in 2022 and is now in full swing. Experts revealed how tough the training is before astronauts can fly to space.
The human body is not designed for space life. Astronauts are faced with multiple challenges on a space mission. The changes in gravity can have an impact on their bodies. The sensation of confinement (封闭) living in a small spacecraft for months can damage their mental health. Emergencies during missions challenge their knowledge and ability to solve problems under huge pressure. So it’s no wonder that astronauts have to meet extremely high standards and go through a tough training program.
To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, “Eight types, including over 200 subjects of training, were set,” Huang Weifen, chief designer of the astronaut system for China’s manned space project, told CCTV News. Apart from physical fitness training, it also includes basic scientific theories, psychological health, and mock (模拟) missions.
Among the training subjects, the most tiring one is underwater training. This training is designed for astronauts to adapt to the microgravity environment in space. According to Huang, astronauts stay underwater in suits weighing over 100 kilograms for six hours at a time. Water resistance (阻力) and the heavy suit make every move exhausting. “Nie Haisheng, one of the astronauts, once reported a two-kilogram loss in weight after one underwater training exercise,” said Huang. Each astronaut receives training for at least three and a half years before having the chance to go to space.
33. Which of following is true according to paragraph 2
A. Human body is perfect for space exploration.
B. The spacecraft has enough space for astronauts to operate.
C. Astronauts ought to complete missions under huge pressure.
D. The isolated condition in space benefits people’s mental health.
34 How many generations of Chinese astronauts have been sent to space
A. 3 B. 4 C. 19 D. 20
35. Why did Huang mention Nie Haisheng’s two-kilogram weight loss
A. To stress how challenging the training is.
B. To describe Nie’s personal achievements.
C. To introduce the weight limit for astronauts.
D. To explain the importance of proper training.
36 What does this passage mainly about
A. Microgravity environment cause health problems.
B. Astronauts need tough training to meet various challenges.
C. China has completed numerous missions in space exploration.
D. Experts reveals the high standards of selection process of astronauts.
D
Developed by US company OpenAI, ChatGPT has got viral, winning 100 million internet users since it came out in November 2022. People can ask the robot to write stories and emails, create instructions for cooking a certain food, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions. In its own words, it is “a language model trained in a large amount of internet text to help users get human-like text. ”
Compared with Siri or other chatbots, ChatGPT uses a much bigger information center for training. It also uses stronger software and hardware to learn things by itself. For example, if it provides a wrong answer to your question, you can tell it the right one and it will correct itself. “It’s a totally different chatbot,” computer scientist Liu Xiaoguang from Nankai University said. “The knowledge level ChatGPT shows is the same as a university student. That’s why it shocked the world.”
But one big problem with ChatGPT is that it makes mistakes or even gives false information. When Rezza, a 28-year-old from Indonesia, used the robot to write an passage, it “gave out many examples which other writers actually hadn’t mentioned at all”, he told a local newspaper. Since the robot is trained using words from the internet, it can also pick up biases(偏见) about certain groups. These are all things that need to be dealt with.
37. What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 1
A. Done harm to the internet. B. Brought strong wind and heavy rain.
C. Become popular overnight. D. Caused serious changes of the weather.
38. Why did ChatGPT shock the world
A. It can find mistakes by itself.
B. It works differently from other chatbots.
C. Its information center is easier to control than Siri’s.
D. Its knowledge level is as high as a university student.
39. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. ChatGPT needs improvement. B. Anybody may give false information.
C. Anybody can make mistakes. D. ChatGPT can’t get on well with humans.
40. What might be the best title of the text
A. ChatGPT is Coming! B. ChatGPT is Catching the World’s Eyes!
C. Can ChatGPT Take the Place of Humans D. Can ChatGPT Avoid Biases Properly
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Characteristics of an excellent scientist
The Free Dictionary defines(定义) a scientist as a person having professional knowledge on one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science. ____41____ Let’s look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist.
Curiosity.
____42____ Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things worked. If a scientist doesn’t have the drive to ask questions or even wonder, then he/ she never gets to the first stage of the scientific process.
Patience.
____43____ There are very few jobs that take longer than this one. Even if you think you have received some education on science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do. If you’re an instant-gratification (及时满足的) type of person, this may not be the best choice for you.
Ethical (道德的)qualities.
In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people’s life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect each other in the long run. A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal or outside commercial (商业的) interests. Sticking to an old belief contradicted(反驳)by evidence is dishonest. ____44____
Working habits.
An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation, keeping it in mind and recording it. ____45____ He/ She also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking skills connect him/ her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/ she may discover something new.
A. Becoming a scientist takes a long time.
B. An excellent scientist must be very curious about things.
C. It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods.
D. However, that belief shouldn’t be changed without powerful evidence.
E. He/ She can work well alone or in groups, depending on what’s needed.
F. To make discoveries in human knowledge, you have to think differently.
G. One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分37.5分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Have you seen people who take pictures of food for more than 10 minutes before eating My friend Stella is such an example. Every time we went to a restaurant she would not take a bite until all the dishes we ____46____ were on the table. Then she would spend five minutes in ____47____ the dishes in a seemingly random but in fact ____48____ order. Then the most important part: taking pictures. After that, she would choose one of the ____49____ and click in the filter app. The food eventually looked 10 times more delicious than it really was, but we had no ____50____ to really enjoy it—it all went cold, actually Stella’s real life is much less elegant. For example, she hates to wash the dishes, so she leaves them in the sink for days.
Many people care too much about others’ opinions and try too hard to ____51____ others. They find it hard to be ____52____ and to accept themselves, and thus they are afraid to show their ____53____ life on social media. What they are trying to prove is ____54____ what they lack in reality. But this will not bring any ____55____ to reality, as they still ____56____ the same old pattern of life.
If they really want an elegant life, they should put more ____57____ into achieving it ____58____ fabricating it. Being more confident, ____59____ themselves and trying their best to be better are much more meaningful than ____60____ their life on social media.
46. A. ordered B. served C. offered D. prepared
47. A. cooking B. washing C. setting D. collecting
48 A. messy B. arranged C. casual D. missed
49. A. dishes B. restaurants C. tables D. pictures
50. A. chance B. choice C. excuse D. reason
51. A. comfort B. please C. inspire D. discourage
52. A. independent B. generous C. responsible D. confident
53. A. real B. secret C. peaceful D. healthy
54. A. rarely B. hardly C. exactly D. nearly
55. A. difficulty B. change C. guidance D. harm
56. A. question B. dislike C. doubt D. follow
57. A. effort B. ambitions C. feeling D. money
58. A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. less than
59. A. identifying B. accepting C. persuading D. amusing
60. A. simplifying B. ruining C. beautifying D. worsening
第Ⅱ卷（本卷共40分）
第三部分 语言运用
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在题后空白处填入适当的内容(每空一词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Adam Braun established the organization Pencils o Promise in 2008. Its goal is ____61____ (make) sure all children have a chance for education. In the past few years it ____62____ (help) more than 22,000 children in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
It started when Adam Braun was a college student. He was visiting India when a boy stopped ____63____ (he) on the street and asked for money. Mr Braun asked the boy ____64____he would want, if he could have anything in the world. "I thought the answer was going to be a house, a car or a boat. His answer was 'a pencil',____65____ shocked me. So I gave him my pencil and he just lit up with joy. I realized he had never been to school before and that was the ____66____ (real) for 57 million children around the world, “ Braun said.
Adam Braun started working in finance after he graduated ____67____ college. But he never forgot the boy and ____68____ problem he represented. So he decided to devote himself to ____69____create) that world. Braun says his organization works _____70_____ (close) with the local education organizations, which organize the main program o studies.
第四部分 写作（读后续写，满分25分）
71. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
An eight-year-old child heard her parents talking about her little brother. All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money. Only a very expensive operation could save him now and there was no one to lend them the money.
When she heard her daddy say to her tearful mother, “only a miracle(奇迹)can save him now.” The little girl went to her bedroom and pulled her money from its hiding place and counted it carefully.
She hurried to a drugstore (药店) with the money in her hand. At that moment, only a salesman and a well-dressed man were in the drugstore. The girl went to the salesman directly. “What do you want ” asked the salesman. “It’s for my little brother,” the girl answered. “He’s really sick and I want to buy a miracle.” “Pardon ” said the salesman.
“My brother Andrew has something bad growing inside his head and my daddy says only a miracle can save him. So how much does a miracle cost ” “We don’t sell a miracle here, child. I’m sorry,” the salesman said with a smile.
“Please! If it isn’t enough, I can try and get some more. Just tell me how much it costs.” said the little girl, almost crying with anxiety.
注意：
1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2) 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头部分已为你写好。
Paragraph 1: The well-dressed man heard it.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Having known about what happened from the girl, the well-dressed man took up the girl’s hand.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________深圳市高级中学高中园2023-2024学年第一学期期末测试
高二英语
本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，第Ⅰ卷为1-60题，共110分，第Ⅱ卷为61-71题，共40分。全卷共计150分。考试时间为120分钟。
注意事项：
1、答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。
2、每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再涂其它答案，不能答在试题卷上。
3、考试结束，监考人员将答题卡收回。
第Ⅰ卷（本卷共110分）
第一部分 单项选择（共25小题；每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）
1. On a typical day, clown doctors spend their time ________ patients, their families! They do this by doing magic tricks, singing songs, telling stories and of course, telling silly jokes.
A. bursting onto B. cheering up C. telling off D. looking through
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一个典型的日子里，小丑医生花时间给病人和他们的家人打气!他们通过表演魔术、唱歌、讲故事，当然还有讲愚蠢的笑话来做到这一点。A. bursting onto突然出现；B. cheering up使变得高兴；C. telling off责备；D. looking through浏览。结合句意及下文中的“by doing magic tricks, singing songs, telling stories and of course, telling silly jokes”可知，通过变魔术，唱歌，跳舞，讲故事应是“让其人高兴起来”，般以此处使用cheer up，根据spend sometime doing sth.意为“花时间做某事”可知，此处使用动名词形式做宾语。故选B项。
2. Even using a spoon, I spilled most of the soup on my shirt, so I felt ________, even though no one could see me.
A. confused B. inspired C. delighted D. embarrassed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使用勺子，我也把大部分汤洒在了我的衬衫上，所以我感到很尴尬，即使没有人能看到我。A. confused困惑的；B. inspired卓越的；C. delighted高兴的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据“Even using a spoon, I spilled most of the soup on my shirt”可推知，形容词embarrassed“尴尬的”符合题意，表示因为在用勺子的情况下，也把汤洒在了自己的衬衫上而感到尴尬。故选D。
3. Stephen was thought by many people, including his high school teammates and coaches, to be too short and too weak to follow his father’s footsteps. But Stephen ________ playing basketball.
A. carried on B. paid off C. fell behind D. gave up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：很多人，包括他的高中队友和教练，都认为斯蒂芬太矮太弱，无法追随他父亲的脚步。但是斯蒂芬继续坚持打篮球。A. carried on继续做；B. paid off付清；C. fell behind落后；D. gave up放弃。分析句意再根据but可知，此处和上文是转折关系，所以此处表示斯蒂芬“继续”打篮球。故选A项。
4. Visitors to one of Janet Echelman’s artworks in Vancouver could not only enjoy looking at it, they could also interact with it ________ by using their phones to change its colours and patterns.
A. greatly B. rarely C. previously D. literally
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在温哥华，参观Janet Echelman的一件艺术品的游客不仅可以欣赏它，还可以用手机改变它的颜色和图案，与它真正地互动。A. greatly极大地；B. rarely罕有，很少；C. previously先前地；D. literally 按照字面意义地，真正地。分结合句意可知，此处应表示“真正地”为literally符合语境。故选D项。
5. Pandas ________ China and some of them are invited to other countries to live for some time because of deep friendship between countries.
A. are native to B. are aware of C. are worthy of D. are familiar with
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：熊猫原产于中国，由于国与国之间的深厚友谊，它们中的一些被邀请到其他国家生活一段时间。A. are native to原产于……；B. are aware of意识到，知道；C. are worthy of值得；D. are familiar with熟悉。结合句意可知，此处表示的是“原产于”应为be native to，句子主语为名词复数，所以be动词为are。故选A项。
6. The first landmark to catch my eye is the ________ Qingshuihe Bridge, the world’s longest bridge built over permafrost (永久冻土层).
A. splendid B. delicate C. genuine D. primitive
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一个吸引我眼球的地标是壮丽的清水河大桥，它是世界上最长的桥，建在永久冻土上。A. splendid壮丽的；B. delicate脆弱的；C. genuine真正的；D. primitive原始的。根据后文“the world’s longest bridge built over permafrost”可知，此处指壮丽的清水河大桥，故选A。
7. The ambulance driver has seen a lot of car accidents involving teenagers and thinks the ________ age for getting a driving licence should be 21.
A. mature B. evident C. legal D. instant
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个救护车司机见过很多涉及青少年的车祸，他认为获得驾驶执照的年龄应该是21岁。A. mature成熟的；B. evident明显的；C. legal合法的，法定的；D. instant立刻的。根据“for getting a driving licence should be 21”可知，此处表示“法定的”为legal，故选C项。
8. If you consider something ________, you try to think about the facts, and not be influenced by your own feelings or opinions.
A. legally B. gradually C. nobly D. objectively
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你客观地考虑某件事，你试着考虑事实，而不是被你自己的感觉或观点所影响。A. legally按照法律，法律上；B. gradually逐渐地，逐步地；C. nobly崇高地；D. objectively 客观地。根据句意和下文中的“and not be influenced by your own feelings or opinions”可知，不受个人的感觉或观点影响应该是“客观地”考虑某事。故选D项。
9. As we can see, emojis have a ________ to pop up all over the place. Users of emojis say that they facilitate the way they express themselves.
A. tendency B. access C. agency D. licence
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如我们所看到的，表情符号有一种随处可见的趋势。表情符号的用户表示，他们方便了表达自己的方式。A. tendency趋势；B. access通道；C. agency代理；D. licence许可证。结合句意可知，此处表示“趋势”为tendency在句中作宾语。故选A项。
10. What the boy’s father did was not ________ because his son has become a useful person for society.
A. in vain B. in contrast C. in case D. in advance
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：男孩的父亲所做的一切并没有白费，因为他的儿子已经成为一个对社会有用的人。A. in vain白费地；B. in contrast相比之下；C. in case万一；D. in advance提前。根据后文“because his son has become a useful person for society.”可知，男孩的父亲所做的一切并没有白费，因为他的儿子已经成为一个对社会有用的人。故选A。
11. Good morning, everyone. It is my great pleasure to give a lecture ________ the Be at One with Nature Association.
A. in contrast to B. in addition to C. in need of D. on behalf of
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：大家早上好。我很高兴能代表“与自然融为一体”协会做一次演讲。A. in contrast to与……形成对比；B. in addition to除了……之外；C. in need of需要；D. on behalf of代表。根据句中“my great pleasure to give a lecture”和“the Be at One with Nature Association”可推知，说话人是代表Be at One with Nature Association演讲，用介词短语on behalf of。故选D项。
12. Mars ________ people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before.
A. has fascinated B. has risen C. has reacted D. has approved
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自古以来，火星就吸引着人们，今天我们对火星探索的兴趣比以往任何时候都大。A. has fascinated“吸引”；B. has risen“上升”C. has reacted“反映”D. has approved“批准”。根据下文“today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before(今天，我们对火星探索的兴趣比以往任何时候都大)”可知，此处是指火星“吸引”着人们。故选A项。
13. Hungry animals are finding plenty to eat in our gardens and in the leftovers we ________.
A. consist of B. switch on C. throw away D. rely on
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：饥饿的动物在我们的花园和我们扔掉的剩饭剩菜中找到了充足的食物。A. consist of由……组成；B. switch on打开；C. throw away扔掉；D. rely on依赖，依靠。根据句意以及“Hungry animals are finding plenty to eat”可知，此处表示“扔掉”符合语境。故选C项。
14. People say that 18 marks a new chapter in our lives, and that we should become more ________.
A. influential B. convincing C. emotional D. independent
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们说18岁标志着我们人生的新篇章，我们应该变得更加独立。A. influential有影响力的；B. convincing令人信服的；C. emotional情感的；D. independent独立的。分析句意可知，18岁应该是变得更加“独立”，所以此处用形容词independent作表语表示“独立的”。故选D项。
15. Thanks to their efforts, the monkey’s ________ has doubled since the 1980s. Their number reached over 1,300 in 2015 and continued to grow.
A. population B. popularity C. routine D. intention
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于他们的努力，自20世纪80年代以来，猴子的数量翻了一番。2015年，他们的人数达到了1300多人，并且还在继续增长。A. population人口，人口数量；B. popularity受欢迎；C. routine常规，惯例；D. intention意图，目的，打算。结合句意以及下文中的“Their number”可知，此处表示猴子的数量，应使用名词population。故选A项。
16. At that time, people believed that all species ________ on Earth at the same time, and had not changed since.
A. have appeared B. were appeared C. had appeared D. were appearing
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：那时，人们认为地球上所有的物种都是同时出现的，并且从那以后就没有改变过。分析句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句中的谓语动词believed为一般过去时，appear发生在believed之前，所以使用过去完成时，species与appear之间是主动关系，故选C项。
17. The issue ________ at this moment yesterday by the company’s managers.
A. was being discussed B. is being discussed
C. had discussed D. was discussing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：昨天这个时候公司的经理们正在讨论这个问题分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语at this moment yesterday可知，此处应为过去进行时，且discuss与句子主语The issue之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去进行时态的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词应为was being discussed。
18. They worked for two hours to rescue the man ________ was injured in the accident.
A. whom B. which C. as D. who
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们工作了两个小时来营救那个在事故中受伤的人。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词the man指的是人，所以此处使用关系代词who。故选D项。
19. Sunset is the time of day ________ we sit on the balcony and count stars.
A. that B. which C. when D. how
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：日落是一天中我们坐在阳台上数星星的时候。定语从句修饰先行词the time of day，在从句作时间状语，故用关系副词when。故选C。
20. Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, ________ means clown doctors can be helpful in amusing people.
A. which B. that C. why D. who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：科学研究表明，笑会产生让人感觉更好的化学物质，这意味着小丑医生可以帮助人们变得开心。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词指的是“laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better”，指的是事，所以此处使用关系代词which。故选A项。
21. ________around, I saw a white-haired man.
A. To turn B. Turning C. Turned D. Turn
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：转过身，我看到一个白发苍苍的男人。分析句子结构可知turn在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语I构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选B。
22. ________ in the refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.
A. Kept B. Being kept C. Keeping D. Having kept
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这些蔬菜放在冰箱里可以保持新鲜。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，keep与逻辑主语these vegetables之间为被动关系，且不强调时间，所以此处使用过去分词形式kept，位于句首，首字母需大写。故选A项。
23. Grandfather and father, ________ at the table, are playing chess.
A. seated B. are seating C. seating D. are seated
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：爷爷和爸爸坐在桌旁下棋。分析句子可知，“seat at the table”作后置定语，seat(使就座)是非谓语动词，seat是及物动词，与其逻辑主语Grandfather and father之间是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动。故选A项。
24. With so much homework ________ this weekend, I have no time to go to bookstore with you.
A. done B. to do C. being done D. doing
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这个周末有这么多作业要做，我没有时间和你一起去书店。分析句子结构可知，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，结合下文中的“I have no time to go to bookstore with you”可知，此处表示“有作业要做”，为将来的动作，所以使用动词不定式形式作宾补，结合句意可知，该动作与句子主语I之间为主动关系，所以此处使用主动形式表示被动意义。故选B项。
25. The ________ boy was last seen playing near the East Lake where many people choose to go every day.
A. missing B. missed C. had missed D. was missing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：失踪的男孩最后一次被人看见是在东湖附近玩耍，那里是许多人每天都会去的地方。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语，修饰名词boy，结合句意可知，此处表示“丢失的”应为missing。故选A项。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Animals were the real pioneers of space flight. Let us learn about some animals that have been to space.
A. Fruit flies
On February 20, 1947, the United States sent some fruit flies into space to study the impact that cosmic radiation (宇宙辐射) might potentially have on astronauts in the future. They chose flies because they are genetically similar to humans.
When they returned to Earth, the scientists found the flies alive, with no evidence of the effects of radiation.
B. Mice
Mice have long been used to find out more about how space travel will affect the human body. In fact, NASA has recently published a study of mice housed at the International Space Station. It shows that mice quickly adapt to microgravity (微重力) conditions.
The very first mouse went into space in 1950, reaching an altitude of 137km. However, unlike the fruit flies, the mouse died when the rocket broke into parts due to a parachute (降落伞) failure.
C Dogs
Laika, a Russian homeless dog, went to space on November 3, 1957. She was picked up on the streets and was thought suitable because she had a gentle temperament (性情) and behaved well. The scientists also believed a homeless dog would be better at dealing with difficult conditions like microgravity than a pet dog.
Laika is famous for being the first animal to orbit (环绕……运行) the Earth. However, she never returned.
D. Spiders
In 1973 two garden spiders called Anita and Arabella were used in an experiment to see if they could still build webs in space.
Both spiders managed to build webs, even though the webs were slightly finer than on Earth. The study showed a great deal about the effects of microgravity on motor response (运动反应).
26. What can we learn about the mouse astronaut
A. It failed to come back alive.
B. It couldn’t survive in microgravity conditions.
C. Its genes were similar to humans’.
D. It was the first animal to be sent to space.
27. Laika was chosen by the scientists for all the following reasons EXCEPT ________ .
A her good temperament B. her identity as a pet dog
C. her ability to deal with microgravity D. her good behavior
28. What’s the purpose of sending the two spiders to space
A. To compare the quality of webs they made on Earth and in space.
B. To study the impact of cosmic radiation on their survival.
C. To see how fast they could build webs in space.
D. To see whether they could build webs in space.
【答案】26. A 27. B 28. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动物在太空探索中的历史和作用。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据B. Mice部分中“However, unlike the fruit flies, the mouse died when the rocket broke into parts due to a parachute (降落伞) failure.(然而，与果蝇不同的是，当火箭因降落伞故障而破裂时，老鼠就死了)”可知，老鼠宇航员没能活着返回。故选A项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据C. Dogs部分中“She was picked up on the streets and was thought suitable because she had a gentle temperament (性情) and behaved well. The scientists also believed a homeless dog would be better at dealing with difficult conditions like microgravity than a pet dog.(她是在街上捡来的，因为她性情温和，表现得很好，所以被认为很合适。科学家们还认为，流浪狗比宠物狗更能适应微重力等恶劣环境)”可知，流浪狗Laika被选中有三个原因：性情温和、表现得很好、更能适应微重力等恶劣环境。B项中的“她的宠物狗身份”这一错误表述。故选B项。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据D. Spiders部分中“In 1973, two garden spiders called Anita and Arabella were used in an experiment to see if they could still build webs in space.(1973年，两只名叫安妮塔和阿拉贝拉的花园蜘蛛被用于一项实验，看看它们是否还能在太空中织网。)”可知，把两只蜘蛛送上太空的目的是为了看它们能否能在太空中织网。故选D项。
B
Michael and his wife, new residents in a San Francisco apartment, learned about their neighbor Jeff Dunan’s volunteer work for Bangladesh Relief, an organization that provides food, clothing and essential supplies for disadvantaged people in northern Bangladesh. Inspired, Michael donated $150 to Dunan’s GoFundMe campaign. However, a credit card notification alerted him to an unintended $15,041 charge.
When he saw the five-figure number, he was confused. Soon, it all made sense. Michael’s credit card number started with four and one. Clearly, he accidentally began typing his credit card information while his cursor (光标) was still in the donation box.
Michael planned to call Dunan to explain, but before he had the chance to do that, he started receiving Facebook messages from Shohag Chandra, the charity’s Bangladesh-based program manager, thanking him for his generous donation. After he looked through the photos of people holding thank-you signs that read his name, Michael’s heart sank. He felt terrible that he had to withdraw his handsome donation. Once his original contribution was refunded, he decided to donate $1,500.
Although Michael had told his family and friends about the tale, he decided to share it publicly on social media, after Dunan told him the organization was desperately in need of funds. “The least I could do was take the time to post this story online and see if I could inspire other people to donate to the cause,” Michael said.
Little did he know, though, that the story would be seen far and wide, ending up raising more than $120,000 for Bangladesh Relief in the span of only a few weeks—about eight times Michael’s mistaken donation. According to Dunan, more than 3,700 people have contributed because of Michael’s post. Michael has been stunned (震惊) by the ongoing outpouring of support. “Never in my wildest dreams did I imagine this reaction,” he said. “People can be amazing when they come together for something like this.”
29. How did Michael make the large donation
A. He input an incorrect amount. B. He encountered a system error.
C. He was greatly inspired by Dunan. D. He entered wrong credit card details.
30. Why did Michael’s heart sink according to Paragraph 3
A. He saw people in despair. B. He failed to offer enough money.
C. He didn’t receive the full refund. D. He realized the scale of his mistake.
31. What motivated Michael to share the story on social media
A. Dunan’s request for publicity. B. A desire for personal recognition.
C. The organization’s urgent need for funds. D. Pressure from his family and friends.
32. What message does the story convey
A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Many hands make light work.
C. Always prepare for a rainy day. D. A good beginning is half of victory.
【答案】29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了主人公Michael输错捐款金额后将故事分享到网上，结果吸引了更多人关注孟加拉国的灾情，募集到了更多的资金。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Michael’s credit card number started with four and one. Clearly, he accidentally began typing his credit card information while his cursor (光标) was still in the donation box. (迈克尔的信用卡号码是以4加1开头的。很明显，当他的光标还在捐款箱里时，他不小心开始输入他的信用卡信息。)”可知，迈克尔捐了一大笔钱，因为他输入的金额不正确。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Michael planned to call Dunan to explain, but before he had the chance to do that, he started receiving Facebook messages from Shohag Chandra, the charity’s Bangladesh-based program manager, thanking him’ for his generous donation. After he looked through the photos of people holding thank-you signs that read his name, Michael’s heart sank. He felt terrible that he had to withdraw his handsome donation. Once his original contribution was refunded, he decided to donate $1,500. (迈克尔计划打电话给杜南解释，但在他有机会这么做之前，他开始收到慈善机构孟加拉国项目经理肖哈格·钱德拉发来的脸书信息，感谢他的慷慨捐赠。当他看完那些举着写有他名字的感谢牌的人的照片后，迈克尔的心沉了下去。他不得不收回他的大笔捐款，这让他感到很难过。一旦他的原始捐款被退还，他决定捐赠1500美元。)” 可知，此时他认识到自己的大笔捐款产生了很大的影响，所以开始后悔自己申请退款的举动。故选D。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Although Michael had told his family and friends about the tale, he decided to share it publicly on social media, after Dunan told him the organization was desperately in need of funds. (虽然迈克尔已经告诉了他的家人和朋友这个故事，但在杜南告诉他该组织急需资金后，他决定在社交媒体上公开分享。)”可知，迈克尔是在杜南告诉了他这个团体急需资金之后决定在网上分享这件事的。故选C。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并结合最后一段的“Little did he know, though, that the story would be seen far and wide, ending up raising more than $120,000 for Bangladesh Relief in the span of only a few weeks—about eight times Michael’s mistaken donation. According to Dunan, more than 3,700 people have contributed because of Michael’s post. Michael has been stunned ( 震惊) by the ongoing outpouring of support. “Never in my wildest dreams did I imagine this reaction,” he said. “People can be amazing when they come together for something like this.”(然而，他并不知道，这个故事会被广泛传播，最终在短短几周内为孟加拉国救济组织筹集了12万多美元——大约是迈克尔错误捐款的8倍。据杜南说，有超过3700人因为迈克尔的帖子而捐款。迈克尔被源源不断的支持惊呆了:“我做梦也没想到会有这样的反应，”他说。“当人们聚在一起做这样的事情时，他们会很了不起。”) ”可知，文章主要叙述了Michael为什么一开始决定捐款、捐款金额有误的原因以及后续如何吸引了更多人捐款的故事。故事始于Michael一个人的善意，结尾时3700多人都加入了捐款活动，短时间内就筹集到了大笔资金。因此，B项“众人拾柴火焰高”正确。A. Actions speak louder than words.(行动胜于言语)；B. Many hands make light work. (众人拾柴火焰高)；C. Always prepare for a rainy day. (未雨绸缪)；D.A good beginning is half of victory. (良好的开端是成功的一半)。故选B。
C
This year marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first manned space mission, with Yang Liwei becoming the first Chinese astronaut to go to space. Since then, another 19 astronauts have reached for the stars. The selection of the fourth generation of astronauts began in 2022 and is now in full swing. Experts revealed how tough the training is before astronauts can fly to space.
The human body is not designed for space life. Astronauts are faced with multiple challenges on a space mission. The changes in gravity can have an impact on their bodies. The sensation of confinement (封闭) living in a small spacecraft for months can damage their mental health. Emergencies during missions challenge their knowledge and ability to solve problems under huge pressure. So it’s no wonder that astronauts have to meet extremely high standards and go through a tough training program.
To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, “Eight types, including over 200 subjects of training, were set,” Huang Weifen, chief designer of the astronaut system for China’s manned space project, told CCTV News. Apart from physical fitness training, it also includes basic scientific theories, psychological health, and mock (模拟) missions.
Among the training subjects, the most tiring one is underwater training. This training is designed for astronauts to adapt to the microgravity environment in space. According to Huang, astronauts stay underwater in suits weighing over 100 kilograms for six hours at a time. Water resistance (阻力) and the heavy suit make every move exhausting. “Nie Haisheng, one of the astronauts, once reported a two-kilogram loss in weight after one underwater training exercise,” said Huang. Each astronaut receives training for at least three and a half years before having the chance to go to space.
33. Which of following is true according to paragraph 2
A. Human body is perfect for space exploration.
B. The spacecraft has enough space for astronauts to operate.
C. Astronauts ought to complete missions under huge pressure.
D. The isolated condition in space benefits people’s mental health.
34. How many generations of Chinese astronauts have been sent to space
A. 3 B. 4 C. 19 D. 20
35. Why did Huang mention Nie Haisheng’s two-kilogram weight loss
A. To stress how challenging the training is.
B. To describe Nie’s personal achievements.
C. To introduce the weight limit for astronauts.
D. To explain the importance of proper training.
36. What does this passage mainly about
A. Microgravity environment cause health problems.
B. Astronauts need tough training to meet various challenges.
C. China has completed numerous missions in space exploration.
D Experts reveals the high standards of selection process of astronauts.
【答案】33. C 34. A 35. A 36. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇航员在训练中要面临各种挑战和困难。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。 由第二段第一句“The human body is not designed for space life.(人体不是为太空生活而设计的)”可排除A。根据“The sensation of confinement (封闭) living in a small spacecraft for months can damage their mental health. (在小宇宙飞船中生活数月的禁闭感会损害他们的精神健康)”可知，宇宙飞船空间并不大，而且会损害宇航员的精神健康，所以排除B和D选项。由“Emergencies during missions challenge their knowledge and ability to solve problems under huge pressure. (任务期间的紧急情况挑战了他们在巨大压力下解决问题的知识和能力)”可知，宇航员在巨大的压力下完成太空中的工作。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“The selection of the fourth generation of astronauts began in 2022 and is now in full swing. (第四代宇航员的选拔工作从2022年开始，目前正在全面展开)”可知，第四代宇航员选拔开始于2022年并且现在还在进行中，所以到目前为止已经有三代的宇航员进入了太空。故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段“Among the training subjects, the most tiring one is underwater training. (在训练科目中，最累人的是水下训练)”和“Water resistance (阻力) and the heavy suit make every move exhausting. (防水性能和厚重的套装让每一步都筋疲力尽)”可知，水下训练是最消耗体能的，所以举Nie的例子进一步强调水下训练具有挑战性。故选A。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段“Experts revealed how tough the training is before astronauts can fly to space. (专家透露了宇航员在飞向太空之前的训练有多么艰苦)”引出宇航员的训练艰辛，后续详细展开宇航员在训练中要面临的困难和挑战。由此可知，B选项“Astronauts need tough training to meet various challenges. (宇航员需要艰苦的训练来应对各种挑战)”能够概括文章主旨。故选B。
D
Developed by US company OpenAI, ChatGPT has got viral, winning 100 million internet users since it came out in November 2022. People can ask the robot to write stories and emails, create instructions for cooking a certain food, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions. In its own words, it is “a language model trained in a large amount of internet text to help users get human-like text. ”
Compared with Siri or other chatbots, ChatGPT uses a much bigger information center for training. It also uses stronger software and hardware to learn things by itself. For example, if it provides a wrong answer to your question, you can tell it the right one and it will correct itself. “It’s a totally different chatbot,” computer scientist Liu Xiaoguang from Nankai University said. “The knowledge level ChatGPT shows is the same as a university student. That’s why it shocked the world.”
But one big problem with ChatGPT is that it makes mistakes or even gives false information. When Rezza, a 28-year-old from Indonesia, used the robot to write an passage, it “gave out many examples which other writers actually hadn’t mentioned at all”, he told a local newspaper. Since the robot is trained using words from the internet, it can also pick up biases(偏见) about certain groups. These are all things that need to be dealt with.
37. What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 1
A. Done harm to the internet. B. Brought strong wind and heavy rain.
C. Become popular overnight. D. Caused serious changes of the weather.
38. Why did ChatGPT shock the world
A. It can find mistakes by itself.
B. It works differently from other chatbots.
C. Its information center is easier to control than Siri’s.
D. Its knowledge level is as high as a university student.
39. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A ChatGPT needs improvement. B. Anybody may give false information.
C. Anybody can make mistakes. D. ChatGPT can’t get on well with humans.
40. What might be the best title of the text
A. ChatGPT is Coming! B. ChatGPT is Catching the World’s Eyes!
C. Can ChatGPT Take the Place of Humans D. Can ChatGPT Avoid Biases Properly
【答案】37. C 38. D 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了聊天机器人ChatGPT自推出以来已经席卷了互联网，赢得了1亿用户，还介绍了它的功能和存在的问题。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“winning 100 million internet users since it came out in November 2022.(自2022年11月推出以来，已经获得了1亿互联网用户。)”可知，由美国公司OpenAI开发的ChatGPT在网络上获得了巨大的成功，由此可推知，got viral与C项“一夜成名”意思相近。故选C。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The knowledge level ChatGPT shows is the same as a university student. That’s why it shocked the world.(ChatGPT显示的知识水平与大学生相同。这就是它震惊世界的原因。)”可知，ChatGPT震惊世界的原因是它的知识水平和一个大学生一样高。故选D。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But one big problem with ChatGPT is that it makes mistakes or even gives false information.(但ChatGPT的一个大问题是它会出错，甚至给出错误的信息。)”可知，从最后一段我们可以知道ChatGPT需要改进。故选A。
【40题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了聊天机器人ChatGPT自推出以来已经席卷了互联网，获得了巨大的成功，还介绍了它的功能和存在的问题。由此可知，B项：ChatGPT is Catching the World’s Eyes!(ChatGPT正在吸引全世界的目光！)是最好的标题。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Characteristics of an excellent scientist
The Free Dictionary defines(定义) a scientist as a person having professional knowledge on one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science. ____41____ Let’s look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist.
Curiosity.
____42____ Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things worked. If a scientist doesn’t have the drive to ask questions or even wonder, then he/ she never gets to the first stage of the scientific process.
Patience.
____43____ There are very few jobs that take longer than this one. Even if you think you have received some education on science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do. If you’re an instant-gratification (及时满足的) type of person, this may not be the best choice for you.
Ethical (道德的)qualities.
In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people’s life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect each other in the long run. A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal or outside commercial (商业的) interests. Sticking to an old belief contradicted(反驳)by evidence is dishonest. ____44____
Working habits.
An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation, keeping it in mind and recording it. ____45____ He/ She also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking skills connect him/ her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/ she may discover something new.
A. Becoming a scientist takes a long time.
B. An excellent scientist must be very curious about things.
C. It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods.
D. However, that belief shouldn’t be changed without powerful evidence.
E. He/ She can work well alone or in groups, depending on what’s needed.
F. To make discoveries in human knowledge, you have to think differently.
G. One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory.
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章向我们描述了优秀的科学家的性格特点。
【41题详解】
根据上文“The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge on one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science. (字典将科学家定义为在一门或多门科学，特别是自然科学或物理科学方面具有专业知识的人)”讲字典对科学家这一名词的解释和理解，C项“它还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人。”承接上文。故选C项。
【42题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，应是本段的中心句，根据本段小标题“Curiosity.(好奇心)”可知，本段主要讲述科学家需要有好奇心，所以B项“An excellent scientist must be very curious about things.(一个优秀的科学家必须对事物充满好奇心)”是对小标题的说明，为本段中心句，其中curiosity和curious为同构词。故选B项。
【43题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，应是本段的中心句，根据后文“There are very few jobs that take longer than this one. Even if you think you have received some education on science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do.(很少有工作需要比这更长的时间。即使你认为你已经接受了一些科学教育，你仍然有很多科学研究要做)”可知，成为科学家需要很长时间，所以A项“Becoming a scientist takes a long time.(成为一名科学家需要很长时间)”是本段中心句。故选A项。
【44题详解】
分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal or outside commercial (商业的) interests. Sticking to an old belief contradicted(反驳)by evidence is dishonest.(科学家必须诚实地报告发现，而不考虑个人或外部商业利益。坚持一个与证据相矛盾的旧信念是不诚实的)”可知，D项“However, that belief shouldn’t be changed without powerful evidence.(然而，在没有有力证据的情况下，这种信念不应该改变)”是承接上一句话来描述的，符合语境，故选D项。
【45题详解】
根据后文“He/ She also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally.(他/她还需要在纸上和口头上交流想法)”可知，E项“He/ She can work well alone or in groups, depending on what’s needed.(他/她可以很好地单独工作或在团队中工作，这取决于需要什么)”和后文为同构复现，且两句都是描述科学家的工作方式，符合语境。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分37.5分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Have you seen people who take pictures of food for more than 10 minutes before eating My friend Stella is such an example. Every time we went to a restaurant she would not take a bite until all the dishes we ____46____ were on the table. Then she would spend five minutes in ____47____ the dishes in a seemingly random but in fact ____48____ order. Then the most important part: taking pictures. After that, she would choose one of the ____49____ and click in the filter app. The food eventually looked 10 times more delicious than it really was, but we had no ____50____ to really enjoy it—it all went cold, actually Stella’s real life is much less elegant. For example, she hates to wash the dishes, so she leaves them in the sink for days.
Many people care too much about others’ opinions and try too hard to ____51____ others. They find it hard to be ____52____ and to accept themselves, and thus they are afraid to show their ____53____ life on social media. What they are trying to prove is ____54____ what they lack in reality. But this will not bring any ____55____ to reality, as they still ____56____ the same old pattern of life.
If they really want an elegant life, they should put more ____57____ into achieving it ____58____ fabricating it. Being more confident, ____59____ themselves and trying their best to be better are much more meaningful than ____60____ their life on social media.
46. A. ordered B. served C. offered D. prepared
47. A. cooking B. washing C. setting D. collecting
48. A. messy B. arranged C. casual D. missed
49. A. dishes B. restaurants C. tables D. pictures
50. A. chance B. choice C. excuse D. reason
51. A. comfort B. please C. inspire D. discourage
52. A. independent B. generous C. responsible D. confident
53. A. real B. secret C. peaceful D. healthy
54. A. rarely B. hardly C. exactly D. nearly
55. A. difficulty B. change C. guidance D. harm
56. A. question B. dislike C. doubt D. follow
57. A. effort B. ambitions C. feeling D. money
58. A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. less than
59. A. identifying B. accepting C. persuading D. amusing
60. A. simplifying B. ruining C. beautifying D. worsening
【答案】46. A 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. B 56. D 57. A 58. C 59. B 60. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了现在一些人在社交媒体上过度美化自己的生活，作者认为这是不自信、不敢接受自己造成的。如果他们想要优雅的生活，他们应该更加努力，而不是制造假象。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我们去饭馆，直到我们点的菜都上桌了她才会开始吃。A. ordered点；B. served服务；C. offered提供；D. prepared准备。根据句意可知，此处是指作者一家点的菜被端上桌，故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她会用五分钟以一种看起来随意实际是布置好的顺序来摆菜品。A. cooking烹饪；B. washing清洗；C. setting摆；D. collecting收集。根据下文的“Then the most important part: taking pictures.”可推测，她要把菜品摆好来拍照，故选C。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后她会用五分钟以一种看起来随意实际是布置好的顺序来摆菜品。A. messy杂乱的；B. arranged布置好的；C. casual随意的；D. missed错过的。根据句意可知，此处应选择一个和random相反的词，故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：之后，她会选择一张照片，然后放进滤镜APP。A. dishes菜；B. restaurants饭馆；C. tables桌子；D. pictures照片。根据上文的“taking pictures”可知此处用“照片”符合语境，picture是原词复现，故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，食物看起来比事实上的美味10倍，但是我们没有享用的机会，因为食物已经冷了。A. chance机会；B. choice选择；C. excuse借口；D. reason原因。结合上下文可知，此处是指因为有人拍照，导致食物变凉，大家错过了享受美食的机会，故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多人过于在乎别人的观点，并且尽全力去取悦别人。A. comfort安慰；B. please使……高兴。C. inspire启发；D. discourage使丧气。根据上文的“Many people care too much about others’ opinions”可知此处用“取悦别人”符合语境，故选B。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为自信很困难、很难接受自己，因此他们害怕把自己真实的一面展现在社交媒体上。A. independent独立的；B. generous慷慨的；C. responsible负责的；D. confident自信的。根据下文“thus they are afraid to show their…life on social media”可知，他们觉得接受自己很困难，由此推测他们不自信，故选D。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为自信很困难、很难接受自己，因此他们害怕把自己真实的一面展现在社交媒体上。A. real真正的；B. secret秘密的；C. peaceful和平的；D. healthy健康的。根据下文“what they lack in reality”可知此处用“真实的自己”符合语境，real和reality是同根词，故选A。
【54题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们尽力想要证明的，恰好是他们在现实生活中缺乏的。A. rarely稀少地；B. hardly几乎不；C. exactly确切地，恰好；D. nearly几乎。根据下文“what they lack in reality”可知，此处是指人们在社交媒体上展示的东西，恰好是自己所缺乏的东西，故选C。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这不会给现实生活带来任何改变，因为他们依然遵循旧的生活模式。A. difficulty困难；B. change改变；C. guidance向导；D. harm伤害。根据下文“as they still ____11____ the same old pattern of life”可知他们的现实生活并没有改变，故选B。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这不会给现实生活带来任何改变，因为他们依然遵循旧的生活模式。A. question质问；B. dislike不喜欢；C. doubt怀疑；D. follow遵循。根据still和下文the same可推断，此处是指他们依然按原来的方式来生活，用“遵循”符合语境，故选D。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他们真的想要优雅的生活，他们应该付出更多的努力来实现它而不是捏造它。A. effort努力；B. ambitions抱负；C. feeling感觉，知觉；D. money金钱。根据常识可知，想要美好的生活，就必须付出努力，故选A。
【58题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：如果他们真的想要优雅的生活，他们应该付出更多的努力来实现它而不是捏造它。A. other than除了；B. more than超过；C. rather than而非；D. less than少于。根据句意可知，上下文是对比关系，rather than表示“而非”符合语境。故选C。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自信，接受自己，尽最大努力变得更好，比在社交媒体上美化自己的生活更有意义。A. identifying识别；B. accepting接受；C. persuading说服；D. amusing使高兴。根据上文的“They find it hard to be ___7___ and to accept themselves”可知此处用“接受”符合语境，accept是原词复现，故选B。
【60题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自信，接受自己，尽最大努力变得更好，比在社交媒体上美化自己的生活更有意义。A. simplifying简化；B. ruining摧毁；C. beautifying美化；D. worsening恶化。根据第一段的“After that, she would choose one of the ___4___ and click in the filter app.”可知，作者的朋友是在美化自己的生活，故此处用“美化”符合语境，故选C。
第Ⅱ卷（本卷共40分）
第三部分 语言运用
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在题后空白处填入适当的内容(每空一词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Adam Braun established the organization Pencils o Promise in 2008. Its goal is ____61____ (make) sure all children have a chance for education. In the past few years, it ____62____ (help) more than 22,000 children in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
It started when Adam Braun was a college student. He was visiting India when a boy stopped ____63____ (he) on the street and asked for money. Mr Braun asked the boy ____64____he would want, if he could have anything in the world. "I thought the answer was going to be a house, a car or a boat. His answer was 'a pencil',____65____ shocked me. So I gave him my pencil and he just lit up with joy. I realized he had never been to school before and that was the ____66____ (real) for 57 million children around the world, “ Braun said.
Adam Braun started working in finance after he graduated ____67____ college. But he never forgot the boy and ____68____ problem he represented. So he decided to devote himself to ____69____create) that world. Braun says his organization works _____70_____ (close) with the local education organizations, which organize the main program o studies.
【答案】61. to make
62. has helped
63. him 64. what
65. which 66. reality
67. from 68. the
69. creating
70. closely
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了亚当·布劳恩在2008年成立的铅笔承诺组织的目的和起因。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它的目标是确保所有儿童都有受教育的机会。表目的动词要用不定式。故填to make。
【62题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，它已经帮助了非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲超过22000名儿童。根据句中的时间状语In the past few years，可知，动词要用现在完成时，主语为it，助动词用has。故填has helped。
【63题详解】
考查代词。句意：他在印度旅行时，一个男孩在街上拦住他要钱。根据句意，这里是小男孩拦住了他且在动词stopped后，所以用宾格形式。故填him。
【64题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：布劳恩先生问这个男孩，如果他能拥有世界上任何东西，他想要什么。分析句子结构可知，asked后缺少宾语，指物，所以用what引导定语从句。故填what。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他的回答是“一支铅笔”，这让我震惊。句中先行词为His answer，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【66题详解】
考查名词。句意：我意识到他从来没上过学，而这正是全世界5700万儿童的现实。定冠词the后接名词。故填reality。
【67题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：亚当·布劳恩(Adam Braun)大学毕业后开始从事金融工作。固定短语graduate from从……毕业。故填from。
【68题详解】
考查冠词。句意：但他从未忘记那个男孩和他所代表的问题。这里的“问题”是特指，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
【69题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：所以他决定投身于创造这样一个世界。固定短语devote sb to doing投身于做某事。故填creating。
【70题详解】
考查副词。句意：布劳恩表示，他的组织与当地教育组织密切合作，这些组织组织了主要的研究项目。动词work后用副词修饰。故填closely。
第四部分 写作（读后续写，满分25分）
71. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
An eight-year-old child heard her parents talking about her little brother. All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money. Only a very expensive operation could save him now and there was no one to lend them the money.
When she heard her daddy say to her tearful mother, “only a miracle(奇迹)can save him now.” The little girl went to her bedroom and pulled her money from its hiding place and counted it carefully.
She hurried to a drugstore (药店) with the money in her hand. At that moment, only a salesman and a well-dressed man were in the drugstore. The girl went to the salesman directly. “What do you want ” asked the salesman. “It’s for my little brother,” the girl answered. “He’s really sick and I want to buy a miracle.” “Pardon ” said the salesman.
“My brother Andrew has something bad growing inside his head and my daddy says only a miracle can save him. So how much does a miracle cost ” “We don’t sell a miracle here, child. I’m sorry,” the salesman said with a smile.
“Please! If it isn’t enough, I can try and get some more. Just tell me how much it costs.” said the little girl, almost crying with anxiety.
注意：
1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2) 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头部分已为你写好。
Paragraph 1: The well-dressed man heard it.
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Paragraph 2: Having known about what happened from the girl, the well-dressed man took up the girl’s hand.
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【答案】The well-dressed man heard it. He came close to the little girl, bent down and asked, “what kind of a miracle does your brother need ” “I don’t know,” she answered with her eyes full of tears. “He’s really sick and mum says he needs an operation. Mum looks very sad and begs dad to save my little brother. But my daddy can’t pay for it, so I have brought all my money. I have to try my best to save my little brother. I love him very much!”
Having known about what happened from the girl, the well-dressed man took up the girl’s hand. “Take me to where you live. I want to see your brother and meet your parents. Let’s see if I have the kind of miracle you need.” Smiling, he said to the little angel. That well-dressed man was a famous doctor. He made an operation on the little girl’s brother for free. The operation was successful and it wasn’t long before the little boy was home again. How much did the miracle cost
【解析】
【导语】本文以小女孩买奇迹为线索展开，讲述了一个小女孩听说生病的弟弟需要奇迹才能够治好他的病，小女孩就拿着自己积攒下来的钱去药店给弟弟购买奇迹，药店的销售人员告诉小女孩药店不卖奇迹，小女孩很是着急，竭力想要买奇迹的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一个穿着讲究的人听到了她们的对话”可知，第一段可描写这位穿着讲究的男士会有什么样的举动，跟小女孩如何沟通的。
②由第二段首句内容“了解到下女孩家里发生的事，这位穿着讲究的男士拉起小女孩的手”可知，第二段可描写这位男士接下来怎么做的。
2.续写线索：了解情况——小女孩真情告知——让小女孩带路去她家——了解家庭情况——帮小女孩弟弟治疗
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.接近某人：come close to sb./approach sb.
②.尽力：try one’s best/spare no effort/make great effort
③.回答：answer/reply
情绪类
①.伤心：sad/sorrowful/upset
②.轻松：smiling/relaxed
【点睛】[高分句型1]. “I don’t know,” she answered with her eyes full of tears. （运用了with的复合结构）
[高分句型2]. Let’s see if I have the kind of miracle you need. （运用了if引导宾语从句和省去关系代词that或which的定语从句）
[高分句型3]. Smiling, he said to the little angel.（运用了现在分词作状语）
