人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of achievement Words and Expressions 课件(共74张PPT)

(共74张PPT)
词汇
By the end of the class, you will be able to:
grasp the usage of the important words in this unit in specific context.
have a good understanding of word formation, such as prefixes, suffixes, and derivatives.
apply these important words in the context.
Learning objectives
Reading and Thinking
阅读
crucial adj. 关键性的; 至关重要
P2 This year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.
原句
Vitamins are crucial for maintaining good health.
举例
维生素是保持身体健康的关键。
本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖已授予屠呦呦（得主之一），她的研究使青蒿素这种至关重要的新型抗疟疾药物得以发现。
play a crucial role/part in sth. 在......中扮演着至关重要的角色
拓展
记忆
crucial
ly
crucially
adv.关键地
Wining this contract is crucial _____ the success of the company.
巩固
to
crucial adj. 关键性的; 至关重要
vital adj. 必不可少的 ; 极其重要的
P2 Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria.
原句
Understanding history is vital for/to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation.
举例
作为一个民族和一个国家，了解历史对于了解我们自身是至关重要的。
使青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾至关重要的成分。
be vital to... 对……很重要
It is vital to do sth. 做某事是很重要的
It is vital that...（should) do… 是十分重要的
拓展
记忆
vital adj. 必不可少的 ; 极其重要的
1. Enough sleep is vital ______ the students' well-being and health.
2. It is vital for us _________(finish) our homework in time.
3. It is vital that human beings_____________ (obey) the rules of nature.
巩固
vital adj. 必不可少的 ; 极其重要的
to / for
to finish
(should) obey
committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的，坚信的
P2 Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.
原句
To my pride, there comes millions of committed communists in China.
举例
我感到自豪的是中国涌现出数以百万的坚定的共产主义者。
屠呦呦是一位坚定而有耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1995年毕业于北京大学医学院。
记忆
committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的，坚信的
前缀com-: completely 表加强词义
词根: mit, miss 发，送
后缀-ed: 表形容词
common
collide
committed
sumit
transmit
permit
be committed to sth/doing sth. 承诺/致力于（做）某事
commit vt. 承诺；保证
vi. 忠于；全心全意投入（工作，活动等）
commit suicide = kill oneself
commit...to... 把......投入......
commit oneself to (doing) sth/ to do sth 承诺；保证
（做某事, 遵守协议或安排等）
commitment n. 承诺；投入
make a commitment to do sth. 承诺做某事
拓展
committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的，坚信的
The old woman is committed to _______ (take) care of the poor children.
She doesn't want to make a big emotional ___________ (commit) to Steve at the moment.
巩固
committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的，坚信的
commitment
taking
objective n. 目标; 目的 adj. 客观的
P2 In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.
原句
Her main/prime objective now is simply to stay in power.
举例
她现在的主要目标就是继续掌权。
1967年，中国政府成立了一支科学家团队，旨在发现新型抗疟疾疗法，屠呦呦入选首批研究人员。
We object to____________(blame) for something that we haven’t done.
Unless our manager objects to Tom’s________(join) the club, we shall accept him as a member.
Despite__________(object) by the White House, the Senate voted today to cut off aid.
巩固
being blamed
joining
objections
objective n. 目标; 目的 adj. 客观的
objective n. 目标；目的 goal/aim/target
adj. 客观的 subjective adj. 主观的
object n. 物体；宾语 v.不同意；不赞成；反对
object to sth/doing sth 反对某事
拓展
evaluate v. 评价，评估
P2 Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties.
原句
We shall need to evaluate how the new material stands up to wear and tear.
举例
我们需要对新材料的耐磨损度作出鉴定。
她的团队研读了2000多篇中医药古籍，评估了28万种植物的药学属性。
evaluate v. 评价，评估
evaluate...on/by 根据……评价……
evaluation n.估价;评价
make an evaluation of 对……进行评估
拓展
We shouldn’t evaluate people ________ their clothes.
We must make an evaluation _______ the consequences caused by the fire.
巩固
by / on
of
记忆
property n. 财产，特征，属性
proper adj.个人的
-ty 名词后缀
property
beauty
certainty
liberty
safety
A herb with healing properties 具有治疗功效的药草
P2 Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties. (词义选择）
A. an object or objects that belong to someone
B. a building or area of land, or both together
C. a quality or power that a substance, plant etc. has
原句
One of the __________ (proper)of copper is that it conducts heat and electricity very well.
巩固
property n. 财产，特征，属性
properties
distinct adj. 清晰的; 清楚的; 有区别的
P2 From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.
原句
The two concepts are quite distinct from each other.
举例
这两个概念之间有显著的差别。
通过研究，他们发现并测试了380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。
be distinct / different from... 与...不同
distinction n. 区别, 差别; 特性;
make / draw a distinction 区分开来；区别对待
the distinction between A and B A和B之间的区别
distinctive adj.独特的；有特色的
拓展
The learning needs of the two groups ______________each other. 这两个组的学习需求是有区别的。
Philosophers did not use to ________________between arts and science. 哲学家过去习惯不把人文科学与自然科学区别开来。
巩固
distinct adj. 清晰的; 清楚的; 有区别的
are distinct from
make a distinction
obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得; 贏得
P2 They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did either.
原句
First editions of these books are now almost impossible to obtain.
举例
这些书的第一版现在已几乎弄不到了。
之后，他们尝试水煎新鲜青蒿叶，用熬出的液体治疗疟疾，但是依旧无效。
obtain...from... 从...中得到
obtain one’s permission 得到某人许可
obtain information 获取信息
obtain evidence 取证
拓展
He was found guilty of __________ (obtain) money by deception.
巩固
obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得; 贏得
obtaining
acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢
P2 However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.
原句
We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of everyone who helped us.
举例
我们衷心感谢每一位帮助过我们的人所付出的努力。
然而，屠呦呦并不认输。
acknowledge vt.承认 (属实、权威等); (公开) 感谢
It's universally/widely acknowledged that… …...是大家所公认的
acknowledge sb/sth as…/to be… 承认某人/事为……
acknowledge doing/have done sth.　 承认做了某事
acknowledge that…　 承认……
acknowledgement n. 承认;感谢;谢礼
拓展
acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢
记忆
ac-表示朝，向，去
-ledge 名词后缀
acknowledge
know v. 知道，了解
He refused to______________________, which made mom very annoyed. 他不承认他的错误，这使得他妈妈很生气。
2. He _________________________ the best pianist in the world.
他是大家公认的世界上最好的钢琴家。
巩固
acknowledge his mistake
is universally acknowledged as
defeat n. 失败，挫败 vt.击败，战胜
P2 However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.
原句
Napoleon was defeated by the Duke of Wellington at the battle of Waterloo.
举例
拿破仑在滑铁卢战役中被惠灵顿公爵击败。
然而，屠呦呦并不认输。
defeat n. 失败，挫败 vt.击败，战胜
辨析 —— defeat, beat, win
单词 中文 用法
defeat 击败，强调过程和结果 宾语是对手
beat 打败；（连续）击打 宾语是对手
win 获得；获胜 宾语是
game / match / race / election / prize
选词填空(defeat / beat / win)
Yesterday I____________ John at chess. He _____only one set, while I _____two sets.
巩固
defeated / beat
won
won
analyse vt.分析
P2 She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood.
原句
Researchers analysed the purchases of 6,300 households.
举例
研究者们对6300个家庭的购物消费作了分析。
她再次分析医学文献，碰巧发现其中一句话建议采用一种不同的方法处理青蒿。
analyse vt.分析
analyse sth. 分析某事
analysis n. 分析 (复数: analyses)
analyser n. 分析器，分析者
拓展
The job involves gathering and ____________ data..
This information is only raw data and will need further ________.
巩固
analysing
analysis
apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然
P2 She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.
原句
Apparently it's going to rain today.
举例
看样子今天有雨。
她得出结论，认为水煎青蒿显然破坏了它的药学属性。
apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然
As is apparently shown / stated in the picture / chart / passage above... 正如上面图画/图表/文中明显展示陈述的那样……
apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的
It is apparent that... 显然…
近义词： clear adj. 清晰易懂的; 明显的;显然的;
obvious adj. 明显的;显然的;
evident adj.清楚的;显而易见的;显然的
拓展
记忆
ap-: 表“朝，向，去”或“加强，强调“
par-/pear-: come in sight 看见
-ent 表形容词
apparent
appear
transparent
apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然
______ is apparently shown in the chart above, there are about 10% students supporting the idea.
He paused, ___________ (apparent) lost in thought.
Soon, it was apparent to everyone ______ he couldn't sing.
巩固
As
apparently
that
insist vi. 坚持; 坚决要求
P3 Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.
原句
She insisted on seeing her lawyer.
举例
她坚持要见她的律师。
屠呦呦和她的团队甚至坚持以身试药，以确保药物的安全性。
insist vi 坚持; 坚决要求
insist on/upon doing sth. 坚决要求做某事
insist that...
坚持说/认为.（从句内容表示一个事实，从句谓语动词按实际需要选择时态）
强烈要求...（从句用虚拟语气，即should +动词原形，should可以省略）
拓展
They insisted on _______ (go ) there by car.
He insisted that he ____________ (do) anything wrong and that he _________________ (set) free.
巩固
going
hadn't done
(should) be set free
conclusion n. 结论，结束
P4 Did you come to any conclusions
原句
Be careful not to introduce new ideas in the conclusion of your essay.
举例
注意不要在你的论文结论部分引入新的想法。
你得出什么结论了吗？
conclusion n. 结论，结束
in conclusion＝to conclude 最后，总之
come to / draw / arrive at/reach a / the conclusion 得出结论
make a conclusion 下结论
conclude vt. / vi.得出结论，推断出; 结束，终止
conclude sth. from sth. 从......中推断出......
conclude sth. with sth. / by doing sth. 以......结束......
拓展
conclusion n. 结论，结束
记忆
con-/com-: 一起
clud-: 关闭
conclude
I have come to the _________ (conclude) that he's not the right person for the job.
When the group discussion is nearing it's end, make sure to conclude it ______ important points.
____________ (conclude), I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life, which must be very interesting.
巩固
conclusion
with
To conclude
Learning About Language
语法
Discovering Useful Structures
circumstance n. 条件，情况；情形，形势
P5 Her circumstances are beyond our control.
原句
Obviously we can't deal with the problem until we know all the circumstances.
举例
显然，我们只有了解全部情况后才能处理这问题。
她现在的情况超出了你的控制。
circumstance n. 条件，情况；情形，形势
in / under the circumstances 在这种情况下，既然如此
in / under no circumstances 决不，无论如何不
拓展
We oppose capital punishment ________ any circumstances.
Under no circumstances___________________ (approach) the man.
巩固
in/under
should you approach
Using Language
听说
Listening and Speaking
found vt. 创建，建立；把......建立在
P6 Elon Musk founded high-tech and futuristic companies.
原句
She left a large sum of money in her will to found a wildlife sanctuary.
举例
她在遗嘱里留下了一大笔钱用来创建野生动物保护区。
埃隆·马斯克创建了高科技未来派公司。
found vt. 创建，建立；把......建立在
be founded on/upon... 以...... 为基础/根据
founder n. 创立者，始创者
foundation n. 地基；基础；基金会；建立
lay a foundation for 为......打下基础
拓展
Their marriage was fouded ____love and mutual respect.
He is recognized as one of the ________(found) of computer technology.
__________in 1935 in Ohio, Alcoholics Anonymous is now a world-wide organization.
巩固
on
founders
Founded
Using Language
写作
Reading for Writing
courageous adj. 勇敢的，有胆量的，有勇气的
P8 Einstein was not only a genius; he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people.
原句
I hope people will be courageous enough to speak out against this justice.
举例
她希望人们能敢于大胆说出来，反对这种不公。
爱因斯坦不仅是一位天才，而且还是一位广受爱戴的勇敢的、善良的人。
courageous adj. 勇敢的，有胆量的，有勇气的
It is courageous of sb to do sth 某人很勇敢做了某事
近义词：brave
encourage v. 鼓励 encourage sb to do sth
discourage v. 使灰心，使泄气
拓展
记忆
courage n. 勇气
-ous: 表形容词，.......的
courageous
courageous adj. 勇敢的，有胆量的，有勇气的
It was courageous ____ her to challenge the managing director's decision.
It was his teacher who __________ him to make this _____________ decision. (courage)
巩固
of
encouraged
courageous
exceptional adj. 卓越的，杰出的，不同凡响的
P8 When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam, despite obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics.
原句
The company has shown exceptional growth over the past two years.
举例
过去两年中，这家公司取得了不俗的发展业绩。
16岁时，他报考瑞士的大学，尽管入学考试中的数学和物理成绩十分优异，但是因为通识部分的成绩低而未被录取。
exceptional adj. 卓越的，杰出的，不同凡响的
exceptional talent / ability / skill 非凡的才能/能力/技能
quite exceptional 相当优秀
exception n.例外;一般情况以外的人(或事物);规则的例外;例外的事物
拓展
exceptional adj. 卓越的，杰出的，不同凡响的
At the age of five he showed _________ (exception) talent as a musician.
巩固
记忆
deceive
accept
ex-: 出
cept/ceiv/: 拿
-ion: 表名词
exceptional
expand
exotic
concept
exceptional
extraordinary adj. 非凡的；特别的；意想不到的；令人惊奇的
P8 He published four extraordinary physics papers.
原句
He told the extraordinary story of his escape.
举例
他讲述了他离奇的逃亡经历。
他发表了四篇非同寻常的物理学论文。
extraordinary adj. 非凡的；特别的；意想不到的；令人惊奇的
an extraordinary achievement 卓越的成就
It is extraordinary that... 真想不到......
extraordinarily adv.极其，极端地
拓展
extraordinary adj. 非凡的；特别的；意想不到的；令人惊奇的
It is extraordinary that he _______________ (make) exactly the same mistake again.
巩固
记忆
extra-: 超过
ordinary adj. 普通的
extraordinary
extrovert 外向的；
extraviolet 紫外线的
should make
came to power （开始）掌权；上台
P8 Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany.
原句
Could you tell me when the new president came to power
举例
你能告诉我新总统是什么时候上台的吗？
1933年希特勒在德国上台，形式发生了变化。
came to power （开始）掌权；上台
be in power 执政，当权
beyond/out of one's power 某人力所不能及的
within one's power 某人力所能及的
have the power to do sth. 有能力做某事
拓展
You can depend on it that it is ________his power. He can help you.
2. The present regime _________________ for two years.
现政权已经执政两年了。
巩固
within
has been in power
consequence n. 结果；后果
P8 As a consequence, he had to flee Germany.
原句
Well, if you insist on eating so much, you'll have to suffer/take (= accept and deal with) the consequences!
举例
好吧，要是你坚持吃这么多，你会自食其果的！
因此，他不得不逃离德国。
consequence n. 结果；后果
as a consequence/in consequence 因此，结果
as/in a consequence of 由于，因为......的缘故
consequent adj. 作为结果的；随之发生的
consequently adv. 所以，因此，结果
of little/no/any consequence 不重要的，无足轻重的
拓展
consequence n. 结果；后果
as a consequence/in consequence 因此，结果
as/in a consequence of 由于，因为......的缘故
consequent adj. 作为结果的；随之发生的
consequently adv. 所以，因此，结果
of little/no/any consequence 不重要的，无足轻重的
拓展
记忆
con-: 共同，一起
sequ-:跟随
ence-:表名词
consequence
conceive 构思，认为
conclude 结束，作结论
consequence n. 结果；后果
Animals have died as ___ consequence of coming into contact with this chemical.
Taking financial risks can have serious ____________ (consequence).
My car broke down and ___________ (consequent) I was late.
巩固
a
consequences
consequently
peculiarity n.特点; 古怪；奇异；怪癖
P8 But despite his peculiarities, he was loved by his friends and neighbours.
原句
Well, we all have our little peculiarities, don't we
举例
哦，我们每个人都有自己的一些小怪癖，不是吗？
尽管怪癖不少，他仍然颇受朋友和邻居的喜爱。
peculiarity n.特点; 古怪；奇异；怪癖
peculiarity of... ...的独特性/怪异
peculiar adj. 奇怪的，异常的
be peculiar to sb/sth 为某人/某事物所特有
拓展
This type of building is peculiar ___ the south of the country.
Each nation can have its own ___________(peculiar) when it comes to doing business.
巩固
to
peculiarities
encounter v. 遭到，遭遇；偶然碰到 n. 偶然相遇，邂逅，不期而遇
P8 In fact, Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things.
原句
On their way home they encountered a woman selling flowers.
举例
在回家的路上他们碰到一位卖花的女子。
事实上，爱因斯坦经常遇到有人当街拦住他，请他解释各种事物。
encounter v. 遭到，遭遇；偶然碰到 n. 偶然相遇，邂逅，不期而遇
encounter difficulties/problems 遇到困难
encounter oppostion/resistance 遭到反对/抵制
encounter with... 和......的相遇
encounter between... 和......的交锋
拓展
I had an alarming encounter _____ a wild pig.
This meeting will be the first encounter ________ the party leaders since the election.
巩固
with
between
occasion n. （尤指某事发生的）时刻，时候；特殊场合；重大活动；盛会
P9 After many such occasions, he finally started saying, “Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein!”（词义选择）
a particular time, especially when something happens or has happened
a special or formal event
a suitable time for sth.
a reason or cause
原句
occasion n. （尤指某事发生的）时刻，时候；特殊场合；重大活动；盛会
on this/ that occasion 在这种/那种场合
occasional adj.偶然的；偶尔的
occasionally adv.偶尔；间或
on...occasions 在......时刻；场合
原句
I have a suit but I only wear it ___ special occasions.
___________ (occasion) I'll have a piece of chocolate, but it's very rare.
巩固
on
Occasionally
remarkable adj. 非凡的；奇异的；引人注目的
P9 Apart from his remarkable achievements, what does the passage tell us about Einstein’s life
原句
Nelson Mandela was a truly remarkable man.
举例
纳尔逊．曼德拉确实是个了不起的人。
除了他非凡的成就，关于爱因斯坦的生活，文章告诉了我们什么？
remarkable adj. 非凡的；奇异的；引人注目的
remarkable feat/achievement/accomplishment 非凡的成就
It is remarkable that... ......令人惊讶
be remarkable for... 因......而著称
拓展
学习
re-: 再
mark: 标记
-able:表形容词，可......,能......
remarkable
repeat
resign
recreate
remarkable adj. 非凡的；奇异的；引人注目的
The 20th century was remarkable ____ its inventions.
It is remarkable _______ women did not have the vote until that time.
巩固
for
that
device n. 装置，器械; 方法，手段
P9 What rhetorical devices are used in the passage （词义选择）
A. a machine or tool that does a special job
B. a special way of doing sth that makes it easier to do
C. a plan or trick, especially for a dishonest purpose
D. the special use of words in literature, or of words, lights ect in a play, to achieve an effect
原句
device n. 装置，器械; 方法，手段
device for doing sth. / device to do sth. 做某事的设备/方法/手段
rhetorical devices 修辞手法
拓展
Rescuers used a special device ____ finding people trapped in collapsed buildings.
Her cool manner is just a device __________ (avoid) having to talk to people.
巩固
for
to avoid
sum vi. 总结；概括 n. 金额；总数；总和
P9 Use your notes to write your introduction and sum up how you feel about this person.
原句
At the end of the class, the teacher summed up the main points of the lesson in three sentences.
举例
下课时，老师用三句话总结了这节课的要点。
用你的笔记写出介绍，总结一下你对这个人的感受。
sum vi. 总结；概括 n. 金额；总数；总和
sum up 总结；概括
to sum up 总而言之
sum sth/sb up 简而言之；对某人/某事物做出判断
the sum of... ...的金额；......的总和
in sum 总之；总而言之
拓展
My meaning, _______ sum, is that you must stay.
_____ sum of all the angles of a triangle is 180 degrees.
3. His speech summed _____ the present situation of economy.
巩固
to
The
up
Summary--语篇填空
Tu Youyou, a __________ (commit) and patient scientist, was awarded the Nobel
Prize for Physiology or Medicine for her research, ______ has led to the discovery
of Artimisinin. Artemisinin ___________ (save) a large number of lives since it was
discovered. After __________ ( graduate) from university, Tu Youyou worked at the
China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In 1967, Tu Youyou ___________
(choose) as a researcher of a team of scientists with ____ purpose of discovering a new treatment for malaria. They ________ (evaluate) 280.000 plants and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical _________ (treat). One medical text suggested _____(use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.
Soon she found a substance that worked by _______ (boil) the sweet wormwood
at a lower temperature. __________(eventual) , the team's paid off in 1971. Tu Youyou thought the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort and the Nobel Prize was an honor for China's ________(science) research.
committed
which
has saved
graduating
was chosen
the
evaluated
treatment
using
boiling
Eventually
scientific