广东省梅州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试 英语 （含解析 ）
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| 名称 | 广东省梅州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试 英语 （含解析 ） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-02-02 11:18:49 | ||
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梅州市高中期末考试试卷
高一英语
满分130分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，答案不能答在试卷上。不按要求填涂的，答案无效。考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
2.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案：不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第一部分：单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句意和语境，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. By the time I rushed to the train station the train ________.
A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. was to leave
2. In Sri Lanka, 1,600 km west of the quake centre, the number of ________ was 2498.
A. death B. deaths C. dead D. dying
3. For me, ________ is the biggest problem — there are just SO MANY new words.
A. speaking B. writing C. grammar D. vocabulary
4. After a while, she discovered that ________ could help her feel less lonely and bored.
A. surfing the Internet B. searching the Internet
C. clicking the Internet D. chatting the Internet
5. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop ________ to wildlife and to our planet.
A. to threaten B. to be a threat C. threatening D. being a threat
6. “When you ________ tough times, you meet others online who are facing similar challenges,” Jan said.
A. go against B. go over C. go through D. go on
7. Finding and keeping the right ________ between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
A. process B. access C. solution D. balance
8. If you ________ about all the different ________ brochures, just turn to me.
A. are confused; confusing B. confuse; confusing
C. are confusing; confused D. are confused; confused
9. This is the architect ________ the speaker referred in his lecture yesterday.
A. to which B. with which C. to whom D. with whom
10. We will start at the point ________ we left off last time.
A. when B. where C. why D. that
第二部分：阅读(共两小节，满分37.5分)
第一节：(共10小题;每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列3篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Global Works provides international travel programs that help teens learn about the world.
Costa Rica: Wild Adventure
This service program brings you into a wildlife reserve, where you will do some voluntary work to help protect local animals. After an overnight white-water rafting (漂流) trip you get to work on sea turtle (海龟) protection projects on Costa Rican beaches!
GRADES: 9-12 DAYS: 21 DESTINATION: Costa Rica FOCUS: Wildlife Protection
AVG.GROUP SIZE: 18 Students/3 Staff
Fiji Islands: Sunny Service and Island Immersion (沉浸)
Looking for an unforgettable travel program Join our Fijian family! Experience Fijian life firsthand and contribute to service projects that bring us to the heart of the local community. In this teen volunteer program, you will have a chance to play with the local kids and teach them English!
GRADES: 9-12 DAYS:17 DESTINATION: Fiji Islands FOCUS: Working with Children
AVG.GROUP SIZE: 16 Students /2 Staff
Puerto Rico:Hurricane Relief
This is a hands-on service trip focused on hurricane relief and disaster prevention efforts. Home repair work is the heart of this program. The projects we work on will help families and communities to deal with a future hurricane.
GRADES: 9-12 DAYS: 8 DESTINATION: Puerto Rico, United States
FOCUS: Building Services
AVG.GROUP SIZE:18 Students /3 Staff
France: French Immersion
Want more than just a standard France teen travel program This French adventure has it all! From the Palais de Versailles to the French Alps, your journey introduces you to some of Frances most attractive sites and stories.
GRADES: 9-12. DAYS: 21 DESTINATION: France FOCUS: French Immersion
AVG.GROUP SIZE: 18 Students /3 Staff
11. What will you do if you are accepted into the travel program in Costa Rica
A. Rebuild homes for local families.
B. Enter a local swimming competition.
C. Help protect local animals.
D Teach local kids English.
12. Which program will you choose if you have ten days off
A Costa Rica: Wild Adventure.
B. Fiji Islands: Sunny Service and Island Immersion.
C. Puerto Rico: Hurricane Relief.
D. France: French Immersion.
13. All four international travel programs have the same
A. target grades B. destination C. group size D. focus
B
In my childhood, my mother spent her evening hours doing something for someone else. Sometimes she knitted (编织) hats for babies, and at other times, she cooked chicken soup for sick neighbors. Therefore, I wasn’t surprised when one evening my mother announced she had undertaken a new project.
“I am going to telephone seniors,” said my mother. “Every night But you don’t even know these people.” “It doesn’t matter,” she said. “What’s important is that I listen.” I was sixteen years old and couldn’t understand why my mother was willing to spend her evenings talking to strangers. She had friends and my two older sisters to call if she felt lonely. “They will talk your ear off. Some people didn’t even stop to catch breath.” I said.
My attitude didn’t stop my mother’s enthusiasm for the project. That evening, she settled on the sofa and dialed. For a while, I listened as she asked the woman on the other line about her day and what she had eaten for dinner. When she finished the call, I said, “Why do you care whether she had cookies or rice pudding for dessert ” My mother grasped one of my hands and gave it a slight squeeze. “I’m the only person she talked to today.”
It took me more than thirty years to fully understand the meaning of that statement. Now, as my mother is nearing eighty, I find myself thinking about those nightly calls she used to make. I am often the only person who telephones my mother, and sometimes I’m the only person she speaks to all day. I ask her what she cooked for dinner, but mostly I just listen as she describes a walk she took, or how her dog Lucky stole foods from the refrigerator. I realize that my mother’s calls were life lines that ensured housebound seniors remained connected to the world. Without her, their world would have been empty.
14. What is the mother’s purpose of calling the seniors
A. To make them feel less lonely.
B. To know what they eat for dinner.
C. To care about the seniors’ life.
D To teach them how to make desserts.
15. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. They will make you feel really satisfied.
B. They will be tired of listening to others.
C. They will blame others’ wrong doings.
D. They will talk all the time on the phone.
16. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The author’s mother preferred to live alone.
B. The author realized the value of her mother’s efforts.
C. The author started to telephone seniors as her mother.
D. The author’s mother remained connected to the world.
C
Japan has started releasing wastewater into the ocean. But this isn’t the kind of wastewater that flows from city streets into stormwater drains. It’s treated nuclear wastewater used to cool damaged reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, stricken by an earthquake over a decade ago.
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has approved the plan by Japan to release more than a million tons of treated nuclear waste water from the destroyed Fukushima power plant into the ocean, believing Japan’s claims that the wastewater would be safe. However, Neighboring countries and other experts say it remains environmentally harmful that will last generations and may affect ecosystems all the way to North America.
Local fishermen, who heavily depend on the ocean’s resources, fear a huge decrease in their marketability. “Japan’s self-interest should not harm the well-being of humanity in the long run.” They said.
The release of the wastewater into the sea is a threat to the ocean environment and will damage Japan’s international image. The amount of money Japan would need to spend in restoring (恢复) its international image will far exceed that required to solve the problem in an eco-friendly way.
17. What kind of water has Japan released into the ocean
A. Treated nuclear wastewater. B. Water used to cool Fukushima.
C. Water flowing into stormwater drains. D. Water polluted by an early earthquake.
18. Who believes the wastewater will do no harm to the environment
A. Japanese fishermen. B. The IAEA.
C. North America. D. Neighboring countries
19. What does the underlined word “exceed” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. be similar to B. be more than C. be smaller than D. be better than
20. Which of the following can be the best title of the text
A. Environmental Problem in Japan B. Fukushima’s Treated Radioactive Water
C. Concerns on Japan’s Wastewater Release D. Experts’ Response to Japan’s Wastewater Release
第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking
It can be stressful to deliver a speech in front of people. What do you say How do you catch people’s attention What do you do if you mess up ____21____ You can use the following basics about the art of public speaking to help you overcome these challenges and be a good speaker.
Point everything back to the central idea
Before you begin your speech, figure out your core message. ____22____ It makes it easier to decide what to say and it helps you make every other decision, from the structure to the specific stories and concrete images that you include.
____23____
To make your presentation memorable, you can try using “sticky stories” in your speeches — honest, vivid anecdotes (逸闻) with details that engage the senses of sight, sound, smell, taste and touch. People remember stories and images.
Practice in front of people
Practicing your speech can ease feelings of nervousness and help you adjust your presentation. Ask a friend or a family member to listen to you as you practice. You can also take a voice memo with your phone and play it back to yourself. ____24____
Slow down and start again
If something unexpected happens in the moment — say you stumble (结巴) or lose your place — pause or slow down. Take a deep breath and go back to the beginning of a sentence or restate the word you stumbled on. And don’t worry people don’t notice those pauses as much as you think they do. ____25____ The point is to set yourself up for success, not perfection.
A. Use vivid imagery and storytelling.
B. These problems will drive you mad.
C. Avoid big words and long sentences.
D. Even if someone does notice, that’s OK, too.
E. Then make sure all the ideas in your speech point back to it.
F. There’s also a chance to practice short speeches on important topics.
G. By doing so, you can get supportive feedback to improve your speech.
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分37.5分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, my son Ryan said, “I’m going to keep working until everyone in Africa has clean water.” I thought, oh, boy! But I’d heard about encouraging children to be ___26___ and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a ___27___ .
At first, he planned to make money to build a ___28___ in Africa. But when he ___29___ his first $70 made by doing chores in neighborhood to a charity (慈善机构), he was told that it actually ___30___ $2000 to build a well. It was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t ___31___ . He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money. And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go ___32___ . After several months, Ryan had ___33___ the $2000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school ___34___ needed to walk for hours to get water. They were ____35____ to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda, Ryan saw the well with his own eyes and hundreds of students who had turned out to ____36____ him. Seeing that he really had ____37____ these children, he broke into a ____38____ smile.
Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has ____39____ the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet. Ryan has shown me what the ____40____ of dreams can do.
26. A. free B. confident C. friendly D. curious
27. A. decision B. impression C. difference D. fortune
28. A. well B. house C. factory D. facility
29. A. lent B. paid C. gave D. showed
30. A. cost B. offered C. wasted D. acquired
31. A. carry on B. turn up C. go all out D. give up
32. A. public B. wrong C. ahead D. crazy
33. A. borrowed B. saved C. delivered D. raised
34. A. still B. even C. no longer D. always
35. A. kind B. thankful C. generous D. responsible
36. A. praise B. memorize C. contact D. welcome
37. A. helped B. improved C. troubled D. recognized
38. A. confusing B. calm C. joyful D. bitter
39. A. proved B. started C. reflected D. changed
40. A. habit B. power C. award D. challenge
第二节：语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
The Chinese New Year is now widely known as the Spring Festival because it starts ____41____ the beginning of Spring. ____42____ (it) origin (起源) is too old to be known. Several explanations are hanging around. But all agree that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese means “year”, was ____43____ (original) the name of a monster beast ____44____ started to eat people the night before the beginning of a new year.
One legend goes that the beast Nian had a very big mouth that would swallow a great many people with one bite. People were very ____45____ (frighten). One day, ____46____ old man came to help them, offering to subdue Nian. He told people ____47____ (put) up red paper decorations on their windows and ____48____ (door) at each year’s end to scare away Nian in case it came back again, because red was the color the beast feared the most.
Today, the custom of putting up red paper and setting off fire-crackers ____49____ (be) still around. However, people have long forgotten why they are doing all this, except that they feel the color and the sound add to the ____50____ (excite) of the celebration.
第四部分：写作(共四节，满分45分)
第一节：词汇运用(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据括号里所给的单词或中文提示，写出句子中所空缺的单词的正确形式。
51. Which club do you think is __________ (suit) for Adam He likes maths very much.(所给词的适当形式填空)
52. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main________ (office) language of Peru. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. _________ (obvious), I was unhappy, but I won’t quit. （所给单词适当形式填空）
54. Jordan's skills were impressive, but the mental _______ (strong) that he showed made him unique. （所给单词适当形式填空）
55. It's_______________________(legal) to drive a car without a driver's license. (所给词的适当形式填空)
56. If you want to pass the exams, you’d better change your __________ (态度). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
57. At that time fifty countries __________ (捐赠) nearly $80 million to the project. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
58. Look! The exchange student is talking to Mr. Zhang on __________ (校园). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
59. People buy lots of things at great __________ (折扣) on November 11th, Singles’ day. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
60. Remember: This door should only be used in an __________ (紧急情况). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第二节：完成句子(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据句意和中文提示，用所学短语的正确形式完成句子。
61. 我决定这学期报名上夜校。
I have decided to __________ evening classes this term.
62. 不抽烟的人的健康状况平均比抽烟的人好得多。
__________, people who don’t smoke are much healthier than people who do.
63. 赛场上的失利会使他更加努力地训练和绝不放弃。
Losing games taught him to practise harder and never __________.
64. 今天，来自世界各地的游客纷纷造访敦煌、欣赏洞窟。
Today, tourists from __________ visit Dunhuang to see the caves.
65. 汉字，最初是一种基于图形的语言，追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期。
Written Chinese, a picture-based language at the beginning, __________ several thousand years to the use of longgu.
第三节：课文默写(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据中文意思，把对应的课文英语句子默写出来。
66. 两周之后，她们真成了世界冠军!(汉译英)
67. 首先，我得非常认真地考虑自己要选什么课程。（汉译英）
68. 我们可以从大型数据库中获得最新的信息。(汉译英)
69. 今天下午，我们在科学实验室上化学课。(汉译英)
70. 到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。(汉译英)
第四节：书面表达(共1小题;满分15分)
71. 假定你是李华，你校高一级将于下周举行“12公里徒步活动”。请你代表学生会给你校外籍教师Johnson写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加本次徒步活动。内容包括：
1.向他发出邀请；
2.介绍本次徒步活动；
3.活动注意事项。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Johnson,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
梅州市高中期末考试试卷
高一英语
满分130分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，答案不能答在试卷上。不按要求填涂的，答案无效。考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
2.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案：不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第一部分：单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句意和语境，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. By the time I rushed to the train station, the train ________.
A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. was to leave
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：当我赶到火车站时，火车已经开走了。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语从句“By the time I rushed to the train station”可知，主句需要用过去完成时态，表示该动作发生在从句动作之前。故选C。
2. In Sri Lanka, 1,600 km west of the quake centre, the number of ________ was 2498.
A. death B. deaths C. dead D. dying
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：在地震中心以西1600公里的斯里兰卡，死亡人数为2498人。A.death死亡；B.deaths死亡人数；C.dead死的；D.dying垂死的。根据“the number of”可知，此处是指死亡人数。故选B。
3. For me, ________ is the biggest problem — there are just SO MANY new words.
A. speaking B. writing C. grammar D. vocabulary
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，词汇是最大的问题——生词太多了。A.speaking口语；B.writing写作；C.grammar语法；D.vocabulary词汇。根据“there are just SO MANY new words”可知，此处是指词汇是最大的问题。故选D。
4. After a while, she discovered that ________ could help her feel less lonely and bored.
A. surfing the Internet B. searching the Internet
C. clicking the Internet D. chatting the Internet
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配以及动名词。句意：过了一段时间，她发现上网可以帮助她减少孤独和无聊。surf the Internet“上网，上网冲浪”，为固定搭配。分析句子结构可知，空处需要动名词的形式作宾语从句的主语。故选A。
5. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop ________ to wildlife and to our planet.
A. to threaten B. to be a threat C. threatening D. being a threat
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和我们的星球的威胁。threaten为动词“威胁”，threaten sb./sth.“威胁某人或某物”。根据空后的to可知，该空处需要用be a threat to“对…构成威胁”。stop to do sth.“停下来去做某事”，该短语表示停下现在做的事情去做另外一件事。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，该短语表示停下做现在的事情。此处指停止现在对野生动物和地球的威胁，所以be需要动名词形式being。故选D。
6. “When you ________ tough times, you meet others online who are facing similar challenges,” Jan said.
A. go against B. go over C. go through D. go on
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：简说：“当你经历困难时，你会在网上遇到其他面临类似挑战的人。”A.go against违背；B.go over仔细检查；C.go through经历；D.go on继续。根据“you meet others online who are facing similar challenges”可知，此处是指经历困难时。故选C。
7. Finding and keeping the right ________ between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
A. process B. access C. solution D. balance
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在文化遗址的保护和进步之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。A.process过程；B.access入口；C.solution解决办法；D.balance平衡。根据“between progress and the protection of cultural sites”可知，此处是指在文化遗址的保护和进步之间找到并保持适当的平衡。故选D。
8. If you ________ about all the different ________ brochures, just turn to me.
A. are confused; confusing B. confuse; confusing
C. are confusing; confused D. are confused; confused
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析 。句意：如果你对各种各样令人困惑的小册子感到困惑，就来找我。第一空修饰主语you的感情，应用-ed结尾形容词confused“感到困惑的”，构成固定搭配be confused about意为“对……感到困惑”；第二空修饰空后的名词brochures，修饰物常用-ing结尾形容词，confusing意为“令人困惑的”符合语境。故选A项。
9. This is the architect ________ the speaker referred in his lecture yesterday.
A. to which B. with which C. to whom D. with whom
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是昨天演讲者在演讲中提到的那位建筑师。refer to意为“提及”，所以此处应用介词to。在定语从句中缺少介词to的宾语，且先行词为architect“建筑师”，所以应用关系代词whom。故选C。
10. We will start at the point ________ we left off last time.
A. when B. where C. why D. that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将从上次结束的地方开始。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词point意为“地方”，为抽象地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选B。
第二部分：阅读(共两小节，满分37.5分)
第一节：(共10小题;每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列3篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Global Works provides international travel programs that help teens learn about the world.
Costa Rica: Wild Adventure
This service program brings you into a wildlife reserve, where you will do some voluntary work to help protect local animals. After an overnight white-water rafting (漂流) trip you get to work on sea turtle (海龟) protection projects on Costa Rican beaches!
GRADES: 9-12 DAYS: 21 DESTINATION: Costa Rica FOCUS: Wildlife Protection
AVG.GROUP SIZE: 18 Students/3 Staff
Fiji Islands: Sunny Service and Island Immersion (沉浸)
Looking for an unforgettable travel program Join our Fijian family! Experience Fijian life firsthand and contribute to service projects that bring us to the heart of the local community. In this teen volunteer program you will have a chance to play with the local kids and teach them English!
GRADES: 9-12 DAYS:17 DESTINATION: Fiji Islands FOCUS: Working with Children
AVG.GROUP SIZE: 16 Students /2 Staff
Puerto Rico:Hurricane Relief
This is a hands-on service trip focused on hurricane relief and disaster prevention efforts. Home repair work is the heart of this program. The projects we work on will help families and communities to deal with a future hurricane.
GRADES: 9-12 DAYS: 8 DESTINATION: Puerto Rico, United States
FOCUS: Building Services
AVG.GROUP SIZE:18 Students /3 Staff
France: French Immersion
Want more than just a standard France teen travel program This French adventure has it all! From the Palais de Versailles to the French Alps, your journey introduces you to some of Frances most attractive sites and stories.
GRADES: 9-12. DAYS: 21 DESTINATION: France FOCUS: French Immersion
AVG.GROUP SIZE: 18 Students /3 Staff
11. What will you do if you are accepted into the travel program in Costa Rica
A. Rebuild homes for local families.
B. Enter a local swimming competition.
C. Help protect local animals.
D. Teach local kids English.
12 Which program will you choose if you have ten days off
A. Costa Rica: Wild Adventure.
B. Fiji Islands: Sunny Service and Island Immersion.
C. Puerto Rico: Hurricane Relief.
D. France: French Immersion.
13. All four international travel programs have the same
A. target grades B. destination C. group size D. focus
【答案】11. C 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了Global Works提供的能帮助9年级至12年级的青少年了解世界的四个国际旅行项目的相关信息。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据Costa Rica: Wild Adventure的“This service program brings you into a wildlife reserve, where you will do some voluntary work to help protect local animals. (这个服务项目将带你进入一个野生动物保护区，在那里你将做一些志愿工作来帮助保护当地的动物。)”可知，如果你被哥斯达黎加的旅游项目接纳了，你会参与保护当地的动物。故选C项。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据Puerto Rico: Hurricane Relief的DAYS: 8可知，这个项目为期8天，故如果你有10天假期，可以选择Puerto Rico: Hurricane Relief，故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据Costa Rica: Wild Adventure的GRADES: 9-12；Fiji Islands: Sunny Service and Island Immersion (沉浸)的GRADES: 9-12，Puerto Rico: Hurricane Relief的GRADES: 9-12 ，以及France: French Immersion的GRADES: 9-12，可知，4个项目的目标学生在9年级至12年级之间，故选A项。
B
In my childhood, my mother spent her evening hours doing something for someone else. Sometimes she knitted (编织) hats for babies, and at other times, she cooked chicken soup for sick neighbors. Therefore, I wasn’t surprised when one evening my mother announced she had undertaken a new project.
“I am going to telephone seniors,” said my mother. “Every night But you don’t even know these people.” “It doesn’t matter,” she said. “What’s important is that I listen.” I was sixteen years old and couldn’t understand why my mother was willing to spend her evenings talking to strangers. She had friends and my two older sisters to call if she felt lonely. “They will talk your ear off. Some people didn’t even stop to catch breath.” I said.
My attitude didn’t stop my mother’s enthusiasm for the project. That evening, she settled on the sofa and dialed. For a while, I listened as she asked the woman on the other line about her day and what she had eaten for dinner. When she finished the call, I said, “Why do you care whether she had cookies or rice pudding for dessert ” My mother grasped one of my hands and gave it a slight squeeze. “I’m the only person she talked to today.”
It took me more than thirty years to fully understand the meaning of that statement. Now, as my mother is nearing eighty, I find myself thinking about those nightly calls she used to make. I am often the only person who telephones my mother, and sometimes I’m the only person she speaks to all day. I ask her what she cooked for dinner, but mostly I just listen as she describes a walk she took, or how her dog Lucky stole foods from the refrigerator. I realize that my mother’s calls were life lines that ensured housebound seniors remained connected to the world. Without her, their world would have been empty.
14. What is the mother’s purpose of calling the seniors
A. To make them feel less lonely.
B. To know what they eat for dinner.
C. To care about the seniors’ life.
D. To teach them how to make desserts.
15. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. They will make you feel really satisfied.
B. They will be tired of listening to others.
C. They will blame others’ wrong doings.
D. They will talk all the time on the phone.
16. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The author’s mother preferred to live alone.
B. The author realized the value of her mother’s efforts.
C. The author started to telephone seniors as her mother.
D. The author’s mother remained connected to the world.
【答案】14. A 15. D 16. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的母亲经常晚上给一些老年人打电话聊天，作者很不理解，但是30年后，作者真正的意识到了母亲这样做的价值和意义。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的““I am going to telephone seniors,” said my mother. “Every night But you don’t even know these people.” “It doesn’t matter,” she said. “What’s important is that I listen.” (“我要给高年级学生打电话，”我妈妈说。“每天晚上？但你甚至不认识这些人。”“没关系，”她说。“重要的是我要倾听。”)”以及第三段中的“My mother grasped one of my hands and gave it a slight squeeze. “I’m the only person she talked to today.”(妈妈抓住我的一只手，轻轻捏了一下。“我是她今天唯一和她说话的人。”)”可知，老年人一天中只有作者的母亲给他打电话。由此推知，老年人很孤单，所以母亲作为一个倾听者给老年人打电话就是为了让老人们减少一些他们的孤独。故选A。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线句子的前一句“She had friends and my two older sisters to call if she felt lonely.(如果她感到孤独，她有朋友和我的两个姐姐可以打电话给她)”以及下一句“Some people didn’t even stop to catch breath.(有些人甚至没有停下来喘口气)”可知，作者觉得母亲要是觉得孤单可以找自己认识的人聊天。她觉得母亲认识的人中有特别能说的，一打起电话就没完没了。由此可猜测，划线句子的意思是“他们在电话里会一直没完没了地说”。故选D。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It took me more than thirty years to fully understand the meaning of that statement. (我花了三十多年的时间才完全理解这句话的含义)”以及“I realize that my mother’s calls were life lines that ensured housebound seniors remained connected to the world. Without her, their world would have been empty.(我意识到我母亲的电话是确保居家老年人与世界保持联系的生命线。没有她，他们的世界将是空的)”可知，作者终于在30年后明白了母亲这样做是让更多的老人与世界关联，不让老人觉得自己的世界太孤单。由此推知，作者明白了母亲这样做的价值和意义。故选B。
C
Japan has started releasing wastewater into the ocean. But this isn’t the kind of wastewater that flows from city streets into stormwater drains. It’s treated nuclear wastewater used to cool damaged reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant stricken by an earthquake over a decade ago.
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has approved the plan by Japan to release more than a million tons of treated nuclear waste water from the destroyed Fukushima power plant into the ocean, believing Japan’s claims that the wastewater would be safe. However, Neighboring countries and other experts say it remains environmentally harmful that will last generations and may affect ecosystems all the way to North America.
Local fishermen, who heavily depend on the ocean’s resources, fear a huge decrease in their marketability. “Japan’s self-interest should not harm the well-being of humanity in the long run.” They said.
The release of the wastewater into the sea is a threat to the ocean environment and will damage Japan’s international image. The amount of money Japan would need to spend in restoring (恢复) its international image will far exceed that required to solve the problem in an eco-friendly way.
17. What kind of water has Japan released into the ocean
A. Treated nuclear wastewater. B. Water used to cool Fukushima.
C. Water flowing into stormwater drains. D. Water polluted by an early earthquake.
18. Who believes the wastewater will do no harm to the environment
A. Japanese fishermen. B. The IAEA.
C. North America. D. Neighboring countries
19. What does the underlined word “exceed” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. be similar to B. be more than C. be smaller than D. be better than
20. Which of the following can be the best title of the text
A. Environmental Problem in Japan B. Fukushima’s Treated Radioactive Water
C. Concerns on Japan’s Wastewater Release D. Experts’ Response to Japan’s Wastewater Release
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了日本向海洋排放核废水，说明了这一举措对生态和日本本身所带来的影响。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Japan has started releasing wastewater into the ocean. But this isn’t the kind of wastewater that flows from city streets into stormwater drains. It’s treated nuclear wastewater used to cool damaged reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, stricken by an earthquake over a decade ago.(日本已经开始向海洋排放废水。但这不是那种从城市街道流入雨水渠的废水。它处理的是用于冷却福岛第一核电站受损反应堆的核废水，该核电站在十多年前遭受地震袭击)”可知，日本向海洋排放了处理过的核废水。故选A。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has approved the plan by Japan to release more than a million tons of treated nuclear waste water from the destroyed Fukushima power plant into the ocean, believing Japan’s claims that the wastewater would be safe. (国际原子能机构（IAEA）已经批准了日本的一项计划，将被摧毁的福岛核电站处理过的100多万吨核废水排放到海洋中，并相信日本声称的废水是安全的)”可知，国际原子能机构相信废水不会对环境造成危害。故选B。
【19题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“The release of the wastewater into the sea is a threat to the ocean environment and will damage Japan’s international image.(将废水排放入海是对海洋环境的威胁，将损害日本的国际形象)”以及划线词上文“The amount of money Japan would need to spend in restoring (恢复) its international image will far(日本恢复其国际形象所花的钱将远远不够……)”可知，日本恢复其国际形象所需的资金将远远超过以环保方式解决问题所需的资金。故划线词意思是“超过”。故选B。
【20题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Japan has started releasing wastewater into the ocean. But this isn’t the kind of wastewater that flows from city streets into stormwater drains. It’s treated nuclear wastewater used to cool damaged reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, stricken by an earthquake over a decade ago.(日本已经开始向海洋排放废水。但这不是那种从城市街道流入雨水渠的废水。它处理的是用于冷却福岛第一核电站受损反应堆的核废水，该核电站在十多年前遭受地震袭击)”结合文章主要说明了日本向海洋排放核废水，说明了这一举措对生态和日本本身所带来的影响。可知，C选项“对日本污水排放的担忧”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking
It can be stressful to deliver a speech in front of people. What do you say How do you catch people’s attention What do you do if you mess up ____21____ You can use the following basics about the art of public speaking to help you overcome these challenges and be a good speaker.
Point everything back to the central idea
Before you begin your speech, figure out your core message. ____22____ It makes it easier to decide what to say and it helps you make every other decision, from the structure to the specific stories and concrete images that you include.
____23____
To make your presentation memorable, you can try using “sticky stories” in your speeches — honest, vivid anecdotes (逸闻) with details that engage the senses of sight, sound, smell, taste and touch. People remember stories and images.
Practice in front of people
Practicing your speech can ease feelings of nervousness and help you adjust your presentation. Ask a friend or a family member to listen to you as you practice. You can also take a voice memo with your phone and play it back to yourself. ____24____
Slow down and start again
If something unexpected happens in the moment — say you stumble (结巴) or lose your place — pause or slow down. Take a deep breath and go back to the beginning of a sentence or restate the word you stumbled on. And don’t worry, people don’t notice those pauses as much as you think they do. ____25____ The point is to set yourself up for success, not perfection.
A. Use vivid imagery and storytelling.
B. These problems will drive you mad.
C. Avoid big words and long sentences.
D. Even if someone does notice, that’s OK, too.
E. Then make sure all the ideas in your speech point back to it.
F. There’s also a chance to practice short speeches on important topics.
G. By doing so, you can get supportive feedback to improve your speech.
【答案】21. B 22. E 23. A 24. G 25. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了关于公共演讲艺术的基本知识来帮助读者克服演讲的困难，成为一名优秀的演讲者。
【21题详解】
根据前文“It can be stressful to deliver a speech in front of people. What do you say How do you catch people’s attention What do you do if you mess up (在众人面前发表演讲是很有压力。说什么呢？如何吸引人们的注意力？如果搞砸了怎么办？)”可知，此处是指前文中提到的这些问题让人苦恼，所以选项B“These problems will drive you mad.(这些问题会让你发疯的。)”切合文意，These problems指代上文列举的问题。故选B。
【22题详解】
根据小标题“Point everything back to the central idea(把所有的东西都指向中心思想)”和前文“Before you begin your speech, figure out your core message.(在你开始演讲之前，弄清楚你的核心信息。)”可知，在开始演讲之前，弄清楚演讲的核心信息，演讲中的所有内容都要指向中心思想；E选项“Then make sure all the ideas in your speech point back to it.(然后确保你演讲中所有的观点都指向它。)”承接上文，指出让演讲中的所有观点都指向演讲的核心，符合语境，选项中的“it”指代前文中提到的“core message”。故选E。
【23题详解】
设空处为小标题；根据后文“To make your presentation memorable, you can try using “sticky stories” in your speeches — honest, vivid anecdotes (逸闻) with details that engage the senses of sight, sound, smell, taste and touch. People remember stories and images.(为了让你的演讲令人难忘，你可以尝试在你的演讲中使用“粘性叙事”——诚实、生动的轶事和细节，吸引视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉。人们会记住故事和图像。)”可知，本段主要阐述要在演讲中使用生动的故事和图像叙述；所以选项A“Use vivid imagery and storytelling.(使用生动的故事和图像叙述。)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为小标题。故选A。
【24题详解】
根据前文“Ask a friend or a family member to listen to you as you practice. You can also take a voice memo with your phone and play it back to yourself.(让朋友或家人在你练习的时候听你说。你也可以用手机录一份语音备忘录，然后回放给自己听。)”可知，此处是指照前文这样做可以得到好的反馈，以此完善自己的演讲技巧，所以选项G“By doing so, you can get supportive feedback to improve your speech.(通过这样做，你可以得到支持性的反馈来改善你的演讲。)”切合文意。故选G。
【25题详解】
根据前文“And don’t worry, people don’t notice those pauses as much as you think they do.(别担心，人们并没有像你想象的那样注意到这些停顿。)”和后文“The point is to set yourself up for success, not perfection.(关键是要为成功做好准备，而不是追求完美。)”可知，此处是指即使有人注意到了你的停顿也没关系，所以选项D“Even if someone does notice, that’s OK, too.(即使有人注意到了，也没关系。)”切合文意。故选D。
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分37.5分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, my son Ryan said, “I’m going to keep working until everyone in Africa has clean water.” I thought, oh, boy! But I’d heard about encouraging children to be ___26___ and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a ___27___ .
At first, he planned to make money to build a ___28___ in Africa. But when he ___29___ his first $70 made by doing chores in neighborhood to a charity (慈善机构), he was told that it actually ___30___ $2000 to build a well. It was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t ___31___ . He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money. And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go ___32___ . After several months, Ryan had ___33___ the $2000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school ___34___ needed to walk for hours to get water. They were ____35____ to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda, Ryan saw the well with his own eyes and hundreds of students who had turned out to ____36____ him. Seeing that he really had ____37____ these children, he broke into a ____38____ smile.
Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has ____39____ the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet. Ryan has shown me what the ____40____ of dreams can do.
26. A. free B. confident C. friendly D. curious
27. A. decision B. impression C. difference D. fortune
28. A. well B. house C. factory D. facility
29. A. lent B. paid C. gave D. showed
30. A. cost B. offered C. wasted D. acquired
31. A. carry on B. turn up C. go all out D. give up
32. A. public B. wrong C. ahead D. crazy
33. A. borrowed B. saved C. delivered D. raised
34. A. still B. even C. no longer D. always
35. A. kind B. thankful C. generous D. responsible
36. A. praise B. memorize C. contact D. welcome
37. A. helped B. improved C. troubled D. recognized
38. A. confusing B. calm C. joyful D. bitter
39. A. proved B. started C. reflected D. changed
40. A. habit B. power C. award D. challenge
【答案】26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。瑞恩有一个梦想，那就是要让非洲的孩子们喝上干净的水，而这在当初的我看来是不可能的，但瑞恩凭借着坚持不懈的努力最终梦想成真，这也让我见证了梦想的力量是多么伟大。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我听说过鼓励孩子们要自信，要有远大的梦想。A. free免费的；B. confident自信的；C. friendly友好的；D. curious好奇的。根据空前的“But I’d heard about encouraging children to be”以及空后“and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a ___2___ .”可知，作者听说过要鼓励孩子自信且有远大梦想。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我不想说他不会有所作为。A. decision决定；B. impression印象；C. difference影响；D. fortune命运。根据前文“I thought, oh, boy! But I’d heard about encouraging children to be ___1___ and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a”可知，作者觉得儿子的梦想不现实，所以在作者看来儿子不会有所作为。make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，他打算赚钱在非洲打一口井。A. well井；B. house房子；C. factory工厂；D. facility设施。根据后文“he was told that it actually ___5___ $2000 to build a well.”可知，Ryan打算赚钱打一口井。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当他把在社区做杂务赚来的第一笔70美元捐给一个慈善机构时，他被告知打一口井实际上要花2000美元。A. lent借给；B. paid偿还；C. gave给；D. showed展示。根据后文“his first $70 made by doing chores in neighborhood to a charity (慈善机构), he was told that it actually ___5___ $2000 to build a well.”可知，儿子把自己赚的70美元捐给了当地的慈善机构。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当他把在社区做杂务赚来的第一笔70美元捐给一个慈善机构时，他被告知打一口井实际上要花2000美元。A. cost花费；B. offered提供；C. wasted浪费；D. acquired获得。根据空前“he was told that it actually”以空后“$2000 to build a well. It was a lot of money,”可知，打一口井的费用是2000美元。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是一大笔钱，但瑞恩没有放弃。A. carry on继续；B. turn up出现；C. go all out全力以赴；D. give up放弃。根据后文“He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money.”可知，虽然被告知打一口井的费用是2000美元，但瑞恩没有放弃，而是继续劝服其他人来捐钱。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给当地的报纸写信，想把他的故事公布于众。 A. public公共的；B. wrong错误的；C. ahead向前的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据空前“And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go”以及后文“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2000,”可知，作者希望通过媒体公开报道这件事来帮助他。go public意为“公开宣布”。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，瑞恩筹到了2000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达的一所小学附近打了一口井。A. borrowed借；B. saved拯救；C. delivered递送；D. raised筹集。根据空前的“He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money. And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go ___7___ . After several months, Ryan had” 以及空后“the $2000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.”可知，瑞恩筹集到了2000美元。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：学校里的孩子们不再需要走几个小时去取水。A. still依旧；B. even甚至；C. no longer不再；D. always总是。根据空前“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school”及空后“needed to walk for hours to get water.”可知，因为乌干达的一所小学附近有了一口井，所以孩子们不用再步行几个小时去取水。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很感激他，并邀请他去参观。A. kind友好的；B. thankful感激的；C. generous慷慨的；D. responsible负责任的；有责任的。根据前文“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school ___9___ needed to walk for hours to get water.”可知因为瑞恩的努力乌干达的一所小学附近终于有了一口井，所以孩子们不用再步行几个小时去取水，可以推测孩子必定对他很感激。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在乌干达，瑞安亲眼看到了这口井，还有数百名学生出来欢迎他。A. praise表扬；B. memorize记住；C. contact联系；联络；D. welcome欢迎。根据前文“They were ___10___ to him and invited him to visit.”可知孩子们邀请瑞恩去参观这口井，所以孩子们一定会欢迎他的到来。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到自己真的帮助了这些孩子，他露出了愉快的微笑。A. helped帮助；B. improved提高；C. troubled麻烦；D. recognized识别；承认。根据前文“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.”以及“In Uganda, Ryan saw the well with his own eyes” 可知在瑞恩的努力下，当地孩子们终于有了一口井，所以瑞恩真的帮到了当地的孩子们。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到自己真的帮助了这些孩子，他露出了愉快的微笑。A. confusing困惑的；B. calm 镇静的；C. joyful开心的；D. bitter苦的。根据前文“Seeing that he really had ___12___ these children,”可知当瑞恩看到自己真的帮助了那些孩子的时候，他一定是开心的。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的梦想改变了很多人的生活，尽管他们中的大多数人我们永远也见不到。A. proved证明；B. started开始；C. reflected反映；D. changed改变。根据前文“Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has”以及空后“the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet. Ryan has shown me what the ___15___ of dreams can do.”可知，瑞恩的梦想让很多人的生活随之改变。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：瑞恩向我展示了梦想的力量。A. habit习惯；B. power力量；C. award奖章；D. challenge挑战。根据前文“Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has ___14___ the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet.”可知，瑞恩最初不被我看好的梦想最终改变了很多人的生活，而这是我最初没有意料到的，所以说瑞恩让我见证了梦想的力量。故选B。
第二节：语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
The Chinese New Year is now widely known as the Spring Festival because it starts ____41____ the beginning of Spring. ____42____ (it) origin (起源) is too old to be known. Several explanations are hanging around. But all agree that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese means “year”, was ____43____ (original) the name of a monster beast ____44____ started to eat people the night before the beginning of a new year.
One legend goes that the beast Nian had a very big mouth that would swallow a great many people with one bite. People were very ____45____ (frighten). One day, ____46____ old man came to help them, offering to subdue Nian. He told people ____47____ (put) up red paper decorations on their windows and ____48____ (door) at each year’s end to scare away Nian in case it came back again, because red was the color the beast feared the most.
Today, the custom of putting up red paper and setting off fire-crackers ____49____ (be) still around. However, people have long forgotten why they are doing all this, except that they feel the color and the sound add to the ____50____ (excite) of the celebration.
【答案】41. from##at
42. Its 43. originally
44. which##that
45. frightened
46. an 47. to put
48. doors 49. is
50. excitement
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。春节是中国重要的传统节日，文章介绍了“年”的传说和春节习俗的来由。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：人们现在广泛地知道中国新年叫作春节，因为它始于春天的开始。start at/from意为“始于”，所以此处应用介词at或from。故填at/from。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：它的起源太古老了，无法得知。此处是指春节的起源，所以应用形容词性物主代词its表示“它的”。句首首字母应大写。故填Its。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：但所有人都认同，“年”这个词，在现代汉语中的意思是“年”，最初是一种怪兽的名字，它在新年开始的前一天晚上开始吃人。此处修饰系动词应用副词originally表示“最初”作状语。故填originally。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但所有人都认同，“年”这个词，在现代汉语中的意思是“年”，最初是一种怪兽的名字，它在新年开始的前一天晚上开始吃人。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为a monster beast，所以应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：人们非常恐惧。此处是指人感到恐惧，所以应用形容词frightened表示“恐惧的”作表语。故填frightened。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一天，一位老人来帮助他们，提出要制服“年”。man意为“男人”，为可数名词，此处old man为第一次出现，所以应用不定冠词表示泛指，old的开头发音为元音，所以不定冠词应用an。故填an。
【47题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：他告诉人们每年年底在窗户和门上贴上红色的纸装饰，以防“年”再次出现，因为红色是“年”最害怕的颜色。tell sb to do意为“告诉某人做某事”，所以此处应用to do不定式。故填to put。
【48题详解】
考查可数名词的单复数。句意：他告诉人们在每年年底在窗户和门上贴上红色的纸装饰，以防“年”再次出现，因为红色是“年”最害怕的颜色。door意为“门”，为可数名词，根据windows可知，应用复数形式。故填doors。
【49题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：今天，贴红纸和放鞭炮的习俗仍然存在。根据today可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语custom为第三人称单数。故填is。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，除了觉得这些颜色和声音增加了庆祝活动的兴奋，人们早就忘记了他们为什么要做这一切。此处作宾语应用名词excitement表示“兴奋”。故填excitement。
第四部分：写作(共四节，满分45分)
第一节：词汇运用(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据括号里所给的单词或中文提示，写出句子中所空缺的单词的正确形式。
51. Which club do you think is __________ (suit) for Adam He likes maths very much.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】suitable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你认为哪个俱乐部适合亚当？他非常喜欢数学。be suitable for意为“适合”，此处应用形容词suitable表示“适合的”作表语。故填suitable。
52. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main________ (office) language of Peru. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】official
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：正是由于这个原因，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。名词 language前用形容词修饰。根据句意，故填official。
53. _________ (obvious), I was unhappy, but I won’t quit. （所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】Obviously
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，我不开心，但我不会放弃。分析句子成分可知，所设空处作状语，应用副词，结合句意，故填Obviously。
54. Jordan's skills were impressive, but the mental _______ (strong) that he showed made him unique. （所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】strength
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：乔丹的技术令人印象深刻，但是他所表现出来的精神力量使他与众不同。形容词mental 修饰名词，作but之后的句子中主句的主语，因此空格处需要填名词。strength作为名词译为“力气，力量”为不可数名词。综上，故填strength。
55. It's_______________________(legal) to drive a car without a driver's license. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】illegal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：没有驾驶证开车是不合法的。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作表语，再结合句意“不合法的”是illegal，故填illegal。
56. If you want to pass the exams, you’d better change your __________ (态度). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】attitude
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你想通过考试，你最好改变你的态度。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词attitude“态度”，在句中作change的宾语。故填attitude。
57. At that time fifty countries __________ (捐赠) nearly $80 million to the project. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】donated##contributed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当时，50个国家向该项目捐赠了近8000万美元。根据汉语提示可知应用动词donate或contribute，结合上文At that time可知发生在过去用一般过去时。故填donated/contributed。
58. Look! The exchange student is talking to Mr. Zhang on __________ (校园). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】campus
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：看！这个交换生在校园里和张先生谈话。on campus意为“在校园内”，为固定搭配，表示“校园”应用名词campus作宾语。故填campus。
59. People buy lots of things at great __________ (折扣) on November 11th, Singles’ day. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】discount
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人们在11月11日光棍节买很多打折的东西。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据所给中文提示词，应是discount意为“折扣”。故填discount。
60. Remember: This door should only be used in an __________ (紧急情况). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】emergency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：记住：这扇门只能在紧急情况下使用。表示“紧急情况”应用名词emergency作宾语。故填emergency。
第二节：完成句子(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据句意和中文提示，用所学短语的正确形式完成句子。
61. 我决定这学期报名上夜校。
I have decided to __________ evening classes this term.
【答案】sign up for
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。“报名参加”用短语sign up for；decide to do sth.决定做某事。由空前to可知设空处动词用原形，构成不定式作宾语。故填sign up for。
62. 不抽烟的人的健康状况平均比抽烟的人好得多。
__________, people who don’t smoke are much healthier than people who do.
【答案】On average
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据句意可知，本题考查介词短语on average“平均”。该介词短语放到句首作状语。该短语位于句首，所以on的首字母需要大写。故填On average。
63. 赛场上的失利会使他更加努力地训练和绝不放弃。
Losing games taught him to practise harder and never __________.
【答案】give up
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和动词不定式。表示“放弃”应用动词短语give up。teach sb to do意为“教会某人做某事”，此处应用to do不定式，并列的第二个不定式省略to。故填give up。
64. 今天，来自世界各地的游客纷纷造访敦煌、欣赏洞窟。
Today, tourists from __________ visit Dunhuang to see the caves.
【答案】all over the world / throughout the world
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意“世界各地”可知短语为all over the world或throughout the world。故填all over the world/throughout the world。
65. 汉字，最初是一种基于图形的语言，追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期。
Written Chinese, a picture-based language at the beginning, __________ several thousand years to the use of longgu.
【答案】dates back
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：书面汉语，最初是一种以图画为基础的语言，可以追溯到几千年前的龙谷语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“追溯”，是动词短语date back，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Written Chinese是不可数名词，因此空格处用date的第三人称单数dates，故填dates back。
第三节：课文默写(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据中文意思，把对应的课文英语句子默写出来。
66. 两周之后，她们真成了世界冠军!(汉译英)
【答案】Two weeks later, they were world champions!
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时。根据句意可知，本句为一般过去时态，“两周之后”译为two weeks later，“她们”译为they，且为过去式，系动词为were，“世界冠军”world champions。故翻译为Two weeks later, they were world champions!
67. 首先，我得非常认真地考虑自己要选什么课程。（汉译英）
【答案】First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、短语和名词。表示“选课程”短语为take courses；表示“考虑”短语为think about；表示“认真地”应用carefully；表示“要选什么课程”应用宾语从句 which courses I wanted to take，作介词about的宾语；叙述过去的事，应用一般过去时。故翻译为First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take.
68. 我们可以从大型数据库中获得最新的信息。(汉译英)
【答案】We can get the most updated information from large databases.
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词和形容词。主语为we；表示“获得”应用动词get，且can后跟动词原形；表示“最新的”应用最高级the most updated，修饰名词information；表示“从大型数据库中”短语为from large databases。故翻译为We can get the most updated information from large databases.
69. 今天下午，我们在科学实验室上化学课。(汉译英)
【答案】This afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab.
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时。根据句意可知，本句为一般过去时态，“今天下午”译为this afternoon，“我们”译为we，“上课”为had class，“在科学实验室”译为in the science lab，“化学课”译为chemistry class。故翻译为This afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab.
70. 到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。(汉译英)
【答案】After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city.
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词和短语。after意为“在……之后”，为介词。到达目的地可翻译为“reach your destination”，reach用动名词形式作介词的宾语；主语为you，根据语境可知，本句话为一般将来时态，陈述将要发生的动作。有一天的时间来探索可以翻译为“have a day to explore”，be amazed by“对……感到惊讶”。这座古城可以翻译为“this ancient city”。故翻译After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city.
第四节：书面表达(共1小题;满分15分)
71. 假定你是李华，你校高一级将于下周举行“12公里徒步活动”。请你代表学生会给你校外籍教师Johnson写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加本次徒步活动。内容包括：
1.向他发出邀请；
2.介绍本次徒步活动；
3.活动注意事项。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Johnson,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Johnson,
On behalf of the Students’ Union, I’m writing to invite you to join in the 12-km hiking trip to be held next week.
This activity is scheduled to take place from 8:00 am to 11:30 am next Friday. All the students and teachers from Senior One will gather on the playground at 7:30 am, attending a brief opening ceremony. Then we will walk 6 kilometers before we make a return trip to school.
If you would like to join us, please remember that you should wear a pair of sneakers that fit well. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外籍教师Johnson写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加高一级将于下周举行的“12公里徒步活动”，对本次活动以及注意事项进行介绍。
详解】1.词汇积累
参加/加入：join in→participate in
安排：be scheduled→be arranged/be organized
聚集：gather→get together
适合：fit→suit
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On behalf of the Students’ Union, I’m writing to invite you to join in the 12-km hiking trip to be held next week.
拓展句：On behalf of the Students’ Union, I’m writing to invite you to join in the 12-km hiking trip which is to be held next week.
【点睛】【高分句型1】All the students and teachers from Senior One will gather on the playground at 7:30 am, attending a brief opening ceremony.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】If you would like to join us, please remember that you should wear a pair of sneakers that fit well.（运用了if引导条件状语从句，that引导定语从句）
高一英语
满分130分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，答案不能答在试卷上。不按要求填涂的，答案无效。考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
2.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案：不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第一部分：单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句意和语境，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. By the time I rushed to the train station the train ________.
A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. was to leave
2. In Sri Lanka, 1,600 km west of the quake centre, the number of ________ was 2498.
A. death B. deaths C. dead D. dying
3. For me, ________ is the biggest problem — there are just SO MANY new words.
A. speaking B. writing C. grammar D. vocabulary
4. After a while, she discovered that ________ could help her feel less lonely and bored.
A. surfing the Internet B. searching the Internet
C. clicking the Internet D. chatting the Internet
5. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop ________ to wildlife and to our planet.
A. to threaten B. to be a threat C. threatening D. being a threat
6. “When you ________ tough times, you meet others online who are facing similar challenges,” Jan said.
A. go against B. go over C. go through D. go on
7. Finding and keeping the right ________ between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
A. process B. access C. solution D. balance
8. If you ________ about all the different ________ brochures, just turn to me.
A. are confused; confusing B. confuse; confusing
C. are confusing; confused D. are confused; confused
9. This is the architect ________ the speaker referred in his lecture yesterday.
A. to which B. with which C. to whom D. with whom
10. We will start at the point ________ we left off last time.
A. when B. where C. why D. that
第二部分：阅读(共两小节，满分37.5分)
第一节：(共10小题;每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列3篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Global Works provides international travel programs that help teens learn about the world.
Costa Rica: Wild Adventure
This service program brings you into a wildlife reserve, where you will do some voluntary work to help protect local animals. After an overnight white-water rafting (漂流) trip you get to work on sea turtle (海龟) protection projects on Costa Rican beaches!
GRADES: 9-12 DAYS: 21 DESTINATION: Costa Rica FOCUS: Wildlife Protection
AVG.GROUP SIZE: 18 Students/3 Staff
Fiji Islands: Sunny Service and Island Immersion (沉浸)
Looking for an unforgettable travel program Join our Fijian family! Experience Fijian life firsthand and contribute to service projects that bring us to the heart of the local community. In this teen volunteer program, you will have a chance to play with the local kids and teach them English!
GRADES: 9-12 DAYS:17 DESTINATION: Fiji Islands FOCUS: Working with Children
AVG.GROUP SIZE: 16 Students /2 Staff
Puerto Rico:Hurricane Relief
This is a hands-on service trip focused on hurricane relief and disaster prevention efforts. Home repair work is the heart of this program. The projects we work on will help families and communities to deal with a future hurricane.
GRADES: 9-12 DAYS: 8 DESTINATION: Puerto Rico, United States
FOCUS: Building Services
AVG.GROUP SIZE:18 Students /3 Staff
France: French Immersion
Want more than just a standard France teen travel program This French adventure has it all! From the Palais de Versailles to the French Alps, your journey introduces you to some of Frances most attractive sites and stories.
GRADES: 9-12. DAYS: 21 DESTINATION: France FOCUS: French Immersion
AVG.GROUP SIZE: 18 Students /3 Staff
11. What will you do if you are accepted into the travel program in Costa Rica
A. Rebuild homes for local families.
B. Enter a local swimming competition.
C. Help protect local animals.
D Teach local kids English.
12. Which program will you choose if you have ten days off
A Costa Rica: Wild Adventure.
B. Fiji Islands: Sunny Service and Island Immersion.
C. Puerto Rico: Hurricane Relief.
D. France: French Immersion.
13. All four international travel programs have the same
A. target grades B. destination C. group size D. focus
B
In my childhood, my mother spent her evening hours doing something for someone else. Sometimes she knitted (编织) hats for babies, and at other times, she cooked chicken soup for sick neighbors. Therefore, I wasn’t surprised when one evening my mother announced she had undertaken a new project.
“I am going to telephone seniors,” said my mother. “Every night But you don’t even know these people.” “It doesn’t matter,” she said. “What’s important is that I listen.” I was sixteen years old and couldn’t understand why my mother was willing to spend her evenings talking to strangers. She had friends and my two older sisters to call if she felt lonely. “They will talk your ear off. Some people didn’t even stop to catch breath.” I said.
My attitude didn’t stop my mother’s enthusiasm for the project. That evening, she settled on the sofa and dialed. For a while, I listened as she asked the woman on the other line about her day and what she had eaten for dinner. When she finished the call, I said, “Why do you care whether she had cookies or rice pudding for dessert ” My mother grasped one of my hands and gave it a slight squeeze. “I’m the only person she talked to today.”
It took me more than thirty years to fully understand the meaning of that statement. Now, as my mother is nearing eighty, I find myself thinking about those nightly calls she used to make. I am often the only person who telephones my mother, and sometimes I’m the only person she speaks to all day. I ask her what she cooked for dinner, but mostly I just listen as she describes a walk she took, or how her dog Lucky stole foods from the refrigerator. I realize that my mother’s calls were life lines that ensured housebound seniors remained connected to the world. Without her, their world would have been empty.
14. What is the mother’s purpose of calling the seniors
A. To make them feel less lonely.
B. To know what they eat for dinner.
C. To care about the seniors’ life.
D To teach them how to make desserts.
15. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. They will make you feel really satisfied.
B. They will be tired of listening to others.
C. They will blame others’ wrong doings.
D. They will talk all the time on the phone.
16. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The author’s mother preferred to live alone.
B. The author realized the value of her mother’s efforts.
C. The author started to telephone seniors as her mother.
D. The author’s mother remained connected to the world.
C
Japan has started releasing wastewater into the ocean. But this isn’t the kind of wastewater that flows from city streets into stormwater drains. It’s treated nuclear wastewater used to cool damaged reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, stricken by an earthquake over a decade ago.
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has approved the plan by Japan to release more than a million tons of treated nuclear waste water from the destroyed Fukushima power plant into the ocean, believing Japan’s claims that the wastewater would be safe. However, Neighboring countries and other experts say it remains environmentally harmful that will last generations and may affect ecosystems all the way to North America.
Local fishermen, who heavily depend on the ocean’s resources, fear a huge decrease in their marketability. “Japan’s self-interest should not harm the well-being of humanity in the long run.” They said.
The release of the wastewater into the sea is a threat to the ocean environment and will damage Japan’s international image. The amount of money Japan would need to spend in restoring (恢复) its international image will far exceed that required to solve the problem in an eco-friendly way.
17. What kind of water has Japan released into the ocean
A. Treated nuclear wastewater. B. Water used to cool Fukushima.
C. Water flowing into stormwater drains. D. Water polluted by an early earthquake.
18. Who believes the wastewater will do no harm to the environment
A. Japanese fishermen. B. The IAEA.
C. North America. D. Neighboring countries
19. What does the underlined word “exceed” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. be similar to B. be more than C. be smaller than D. be better than
20. Which of the following can be the best title of the text
A. Environmental Problem in Japan B. Fukushima’s Treated Radioactive Water
C. Concerns on Japan’s Wastewater Release D. Experts’ Response to Japan’s Wastewater Release
第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking
It can be stressful to deliver a speech in front of people. What do you say How do you catch people’s attention What do you do if you mess up ____21____ You can use the following basics about the art of public speaking to help you overcome these challenges and be a good speaker.
Point everything back to the central idea
Before you begin your speech, figure out your core message. ____22____ It makes it easier to decide what to say and it helps you make every other decision, from the structure to the specific stories and concrete images that you include.
____23____
To make your presentation memorable, you can try using “sticky stories” in your speeches — honest, vivid anecdotes (逸闻) with details that engage the senses of sight, sound, smell, taste and touch. People remember stories and images.
Practice in front of people
Practicing your speech can ease feelings of nervousness and help you adjust your presentation. Ask a friend or a family member to listen to you as you practice. You can also take a voice memo with your phone and play it back to yourself. ____24____
Slow down and start again
If something unexpected happens in the moment — say you stumble (结巴) or lose your place — pause or slow down. Take a deep breath and go back to the beginning of a sentence or restate the word you stumbled on. And don’t worry people don’t notice those pauses as much as you think they do. ____25____ The point is to set yourself up for success, not perfection.
A. Use vivid imagery and storytelling.
B. These problems will drive you mad.
C. Avoid big words and long sentences.
D. Even if someone does notice, that’s OK, too.
E. Then make sure all the ideas in your speech point back to it.
F. There’s also a chance to practice short speeches on important topics.
G. By doing so, you can get supportive feedback to improve your speech.
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分37.5分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, my son Ryan said, “I’m going to keep working until everyone in Africa has clean water.” I thought, oh, boy! But I’d heard about encouraging children to be ___26___ and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a ___27___ .
At first, he planned to make money to build a ___28___ in Africa. But when he ___29___ his first $70 made by doing chores in neighborhood to a charity (慈善机构), he was told that it actually ___30___ $2000 to build a well. It was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t ___31___ . He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money. And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go ___32___ . After several months, Ryan had ___33___ the $2000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school ___34___ needed to walk for hours to get water. They were ____35____ to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda, Ryan saw the well with his own eyes and hundreds of students who had turned out to ____36____ him. Seeing that he really had ____37____ these children, he broke into a ____38____ smile.
Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has ____39____ the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet. Ryan has shown me what the ____40____ of dreams can do.
26. A. free B. confident C. friendly D. curious
27. A. decision B. impression C. difference D. fortune
28. A. well B. house C. factory D. facility
29. A. lent B. paid C. gave D. showed
30. A. cost B. offered C. wasted D. acquired
31. A. carry on B. turn up C. go all out D. give up
32. A. public B. wrong C. ahead D. crazy
33. A. borrowed B. saved C. delivered D. raised
34. A. still B. even C. no longer D. always
35. A. kind B. thankful C. generous D. responsible
36. A. praise B. memorize C. contact D. welcome
37. A. helped B. improved C. troubled D. recognized
38. A. confusing B. calm C. joyful D. bitter
39. A. proved B. started C. reflected D. changed
40. A. habit B. power C. award D. challenge
第二节：语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
The Chinese New Year is now widely known as the Spring Festival because it starts ____41____ the beginning of Spring. ____42____ (it) origin (起源) is too old to be known. Several explanations are hanging around. But all agree that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese means “year”, was ____43____ (original) the name of a monster beast ____44____ started to eat people the night before the beginning of a new year.
One legend goes that the beast Nian had a very big mouth that would swallow a great many people with one bite. People were very ____45____ (frighten). One day, ____46____ old man came to help them, offering to subdue Nian. He told people ____47____ (put) up red paper decorations on their windows and ____48____ (door) at each year’s end to scare away Nian in case it came back again, because red was the color the beast feared the most.
Today, the custom of putting up red paper and setting off fire-crackers ____49____ (be) still around. However, people have long forgotten why they are doing all this, except that they feel the color and the sound add to the ____50____ (excite) of the celebration.
第四部分：写作(共四节，满分45分)
第一节：词汇运用(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据括号里所给的单词或中文提示，写出句子中所空缺的单词的正确形式。
51. Which club do you think is __________ (suit) for Adam He likes maths very much.(所给词的适当形式填空)
52. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main________ (office) language of Peru. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. _________ (obvious), I was unhappy, but I won’t quit. （所给单词适当形式填空）
54. Jordan's skills were impressive, but the mental _______ (strong) that he showed made him unique. （所给单词适当形式填空）
55. It's_______________________(legal) to drive a car without a driver's license. (所给词的适当形式填空)
56. If you want to pass the exams, you’d better change your __________ (态度). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
57. At that time fifty countries __________ (捐赠) nearly $80 million to the project. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
58. Look! The exchange student is talking to Mr. Zhang on __________ (校园). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
59. People buy lots of things at great __________ (折扣) on November 11th, Singles’ day. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
60. Remember: This door should only be used in an __________ (紧急情况). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第二节：完成句子(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据句意和中文提示，用所学短语的正确形式完成句子。
61. 我决定这学期报名上夜校。
I have decided to __________ evening classes this term.
62. 不抽烟的人的健康状况平均比抽烟的人好得多。
__________, people who don’t smoke are much healthier than people who do.
63. 赛场上的失利会使他更加努力地训练和绝不放弃。
Losing games taught him to practise harder and never __________.
64. 今天，来自世界各地的游客纷纷造访敦煌、欣赏洞窟。
Today, tourists from __________ visit Dunhuang to see the caves.
65. 汉字，最初是一种基于图形的语言，追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期。
Written Chinese, a picture-based language at the beginning, __________ several thousand years to the use of longgu.
第三节：课文默写(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据中文意思，把对应的课文英语句子默写出来。
66. 两周之后，她们真成了世界冠军!(汉译英)
67. 首先，我得非常认真地考虑自己要选什么课程。（汉译英）
68. 我们可以从大型数据库中获得最新的信息。(汉译英)
69. 今天下午，我们在科学实验室上化学课。(汉译英)
70. 到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。(汉译英)
第四节：书面表达(共1小题;满分15分)
71. 假定你是李华，你校高一级将于下周举行“12公里徒步活动”。请你代表学生会给你校外籍教师Johnson写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加本次徒步活动。内容包括：
1.向他发出邀请；
2.介绍本次徒步活动；
3.活动注意事项。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Johnson,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
梅州市高中期末考试试卷
高一英语
满分130分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，答案不能答在试卷上。不按要求填涂的，答案无效。考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
2.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案：不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第一部分：单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句意和语境，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. By the time I rushed to the train station, the train ________.
A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. was to leave
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：当我赶到火车站时，火车已经开走了。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语从句“By the time I rushed to the train station”可知，主句需要用过去完成时态，表示该动作发生在从句动作之前。故选C。
2. In Sri Lanka, 1,600 km west of the quake centre, the number of ________ was 2498.
A. death B. deaths C. dead D. dying
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：在地震中心以西1600公里的斯里兰卡，死亡人数为2498人。A.death死亡；B.deaths死亡人数；C.dead死的；D.dying垂死的。根据“the number of”可知，此处是指死亡人数。故选B。
3. For me, ________ is the biggest problem — there are just SO MANY new words.
A. speaking B. writing C. grammar D. vocabulary
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，词汇是最大的问题——生词太多了。A.speaking口语；B.writing写作；C.grammar语法；D.vocabulary词汇。根据“there are just SO MANY new words”可知，此处是指词汇是最大的问题。故选D。
4. After a while, she discovered that ________ could help her feel less lonely and bored.
A. surfing the Internet B. searching the Internet
C. clicking the Internet D. chatting the Internet
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配以及动名词。句意：过了一段时间，她发现上网可以帮助她减少孤独和无聊。surf the Internet“上网，上网冲浪”，为固定搭配。分析句子结构可知，空处需要动名词的形式作宾语从句的主语。故选A。
5. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop ________ to wildlife and to our planet.
A. to threaten B. to be a threat C. threatening D. being a threat
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和我们的星球的威胁。threaten为动词“威胁”，threaten sb./sth.“威胁某人或某物”。根据空后的to可知，该空处需要用be a threat to“对…构成威胁”。stop to do sth.“停下来去做某事”，该短语表示停下现在做的事情去做另外一件事。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，该短语表示停下做现在的事情。此处指停止现在对野生动物和地球的威胁，所以be需要动名词形式being。故选D。
6. “When you ________ tough times, you meet others online who are facing similar challenges,” Jan said.
A. go against B. go over C. go through D. go on
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：简说：“当你经历困难时，你会在网上遇到其他面临类似挑战的人。”A.go against违背；B.go over仔细检查；C.go through经历；D.go on继续。根据“you meet others online who are facing similar challenges”可知，此处是指经历困难时。故选C。
7. Finding and keeping the right ________ between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
A. process B. access C. solution D. balance
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在文化遗址的保护和进步之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。A.process过程；B.access入口；C.solution解决办法；D.balance平衡。根据“between progress and the protection of cultural sites”可知，此处是指在文化遗址的保护和进步之间找到并保持适当的平衡。故选D。
8. If you ________ about all the different ________ brochures, just turn to me.
A. are confused; confusing B. confuse; confusing
C. are confusing; confused D. are confused; confused
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析 。句意：如果你对各种各样令人困惑的小册子感到困惑，就来找我。第一空修饰主语you的感情，应用-ed结尾形容词confused“感到困惑的”，构成固定搭配be confused about意为“对……感到困惑”；第二空修饰空后的名词brochures，修饰物常用-ing结尾形容词，confusing意为“令人困惑的”符合语境。故选A项。
9. This is the architect ________ the speaker referred in his lecture yesterday.
A. to which B. with which C. to whom D. with whom
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是昨天演讲者在演讲中提到的那位建筑师。refer to意为“提及”，所以此处应用介词to。在定语从句中缺少介词to的宾语，且先行词为architect“建筑师”，所以应用关系代词whom。故选C。
10. We will start at the point ________ we left off last time.
A. when B. where C. why D. that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将从上次结束的地方开始。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词point意为“地方”，为抽象地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选B。
第二部分：阅读(共两小节，满分37.5分)
第一节：(共10小题;每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列3篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Global Works provides international travel programs that help teens learn about the world.
Costa Rica: Wild Adventure
This service program brings you into a wildlife reserve, where you will do some voluntary work to help protect local animals. After an overnight white-water rafting (漂流) trip you get to work on sea turtle (海龟) protection projects on Costa Rican beaches!
GRADES: 9-12 DAYS: 21 DESTINATION: Costa Rica FOCUS: Wildlife Protection
AVG.GROUP SIZE: 18 Students/3 Staff
Fiji Islands: Sunny Service and Island Immersion (沉浸)
Looking for an unforgettable travel program Join our Fijian family! Experience Fijian life firsthand and contribute to service projects that bring us to the heart of the local community. In this teen volunteer program you will have a chance to play with the local kids and teach them English!
GRADES: 9-12 DAYS:17 DESTINATION: Fiji Islands FOCUS: Working with Children
AVG.GROUP SIZE: 16 Students /2 Staff
Puerto Rico:Hurricane Relief
This is a hands-on service trip focused on hurricane relief and disaster prevention efforts. Home repair work is the heart of this program. The projects we work on will help families and communities to deal with a future hurricane.
GRADES: 9-12 DAYS: 8 DESTINATION: Puerto Rico, United States
FOCUS: Building Services
AVG.GROUP SIZE:18 Students /3 Staff
France: French Immersion
Want more than just a standard France teen travel program This French adventure has it all! From the Palais de Versailles to the French Alps, your journey introduces you to some of Frances most attractive sites and stories.
GRADES: 9-12. DAYS: 21 DESTINATION: France FOCUS: French Immersion
AVG.GROUP SIZE: 18 Students /3 Staff
11. What will you do if you are accepted into the travel program in Costa Rica
A. Rebuild homes for local families.
B. Enter a local swimming competition.
C. Help protect local animals.
D. Teach local kids English.
12 Which program will you choose if you have ten days off
A. Costa Rica: Wild Adventure.
B. Fiji Islands: Sunny Service and Island Immersion.
C. Puerto Rico: Hurricane Relief.
D. France: French Immersion.
13. All four international travel programs have the same
A. target grades B. destination C. group size D. focus
【答案】11. C 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了Global Works提供的能帮助9年级至12年级的青少年了解世界的四个国际旅行项目的相关信息。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据Costa Rica: Wild Adventure的“This service program brings you into a wildlife reserve, where you will do some voluntary work to help protect local animals. (这个服务项目将带你进入一个野生动物保护区，在那里你将做一些志愿工作来帮助保护当地的动物。)”可知，如果你被哥斯达黎加的旅游项目接纳了，你会参与保护当地的动物。故选C项。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据Puerto Rico: Hurricane Relief的DAYS: 8可知，这个项目为期8天，故如果你有10天假期，可以选择Puerto Rico: Hurricane Relief，故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据Costa Rica: Wild Adventure的GRADES: 9-12；Fiji Islands: Sunny Service and Island Immersion (沉浸)的GRADES: 9-12，Puerto Rico: Hurricane Relief的GRADES: 9-12 ，以及France: French Immersion的GRADES: 9-12，可知，4个项目的目标学生在9年级至12年级之间，故选A项。
B
In my childhood, my mother spent her evening hours doing something for someone else. Sometimes she knitted (编织) hats for babies, and at other times, she cooked chicken soup for sick neighbors. Therefore, I wasn’t surprised when one evening my mother announced she had undertaken a new project.
“I am going to telephone seniors,” said my mother. “Every night But you don’t even know these people.” “It doesn’t matter,” she said. “What’s important is that I listen.” I was sixteen years old and couldn’t understand why my mother was willing to spend her evenings talking to strangers. She had friends and my two older sisters to call if she felt lonely. “They will talk your ear off. Some people didn’t even stop to catch breath.” I said.
My attitude didn’t stop my mother’s enthusiasm for the project. That evening, she settled on the sofa and dialed. For a while, I listened as she asked the woman on the other line about her day and what she had eaten for dinner. When she finished the call, I said, “Why do you care whether she had cookies or rice pudding for dessert ” My mother grasped one of my hands and gave it a slight squeeze. “I’m the only person she talked to today.”
It took me more than thirty years to fully understand the meaning of that statement. Now, as my mother is nearing eighty, I find myself thinking about those nightly calls she used to make. I am often the only person who telephones my mother, and sometimes I’m the only person she speaks to all day. I ask her what she cooked for dinner, but mostly I just listen as she describes a walk she took, or how her dog Lucky stole foods from the refrigerator. I realize that my mother’s calls were life lines that ensured housebound seniors remained connected to the world. Without her, their world would have been empty.
14. What is the mother’s purpose of calling the seniors
A. To make them feel less lonely.
B. To know what they eat for dinner.
C. To care about the seniors’ life.
D. To teach them how to make desserts.
15. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. They will make you feel really satisfied.
B. They will be tired of listening to others.
C. They will blame others’ wrong doings.
D. They will talk all the time on the phone.
16. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. The author’s mother preferred to live alone.
B. The author realized the value of her mother’s efforts.
C. The author started to telephone seniors as her mother.
D. The author’s mother remained connected to the world.
【答案】14. A 15. D 16. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的母亲经常晚上给一些老年人打电话聊天，作者很不理解，但是30年后，作者真正的意识到了母亲这样做的价值和意义。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的““I am going to telephone seniors,” said my mother. “Every night But you don’t even know these people.” “It doesn’t matter,” she said. “What’s important is that I listen.” (“我要给高年级学生打电话，”我妈妈说。“每天晚上？但你甚至不认识这些人。”“没关系，”她说。“重要的是我要倾听。”)”以及第三段中的“My mother grasped one of my hands and gave it a slight squeeze. “I’m the only person she talked to today.”(妈妈抓住我的一只手，轻轻捏了一下。“我是她今天唯一和她说话的人。”)”可知，老年人一天中只有作者的母亲给他打电话。由此推知，老年人很孤单，所以母亲作为一个倾听者给老年人打电话就是为了让老人们减少一些他们的孤独。故选A。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线句子的前一句“She had friends and my two older sisters to call if she felt lonely.(如果她感到孤独，她有朋友和我的两个姐姐可以打电话给她)”以及下一句“Some people didn’t even stop to catch breath.(有些人甚至没有停下来喘口气)”可知，作者觉得母亲要是觉得孤单可以找自己认识的人聊天。她觉得母亲认识的人中有特别能说的，一打起电话就没完没了。由此可猜测，划线句子的意思是“他们在电话里会一直没完没了地说”。故选D。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It took me more than thirty years to fully understand the meaning of that statement. (我花了三十多年的时间才完全理解这句话的含义)”以及“I realize that my mother’s calls were life lines that ensured housebound seniors remained connected to the world. Without her, their world would have been empty.(我意识到我母亲的电话是确保居家老年人与世界保持联系的生命线。没有她，他们的世界将是空的)”可知，作者终于在30年后明白了母亲这样做是让更多的老人与世界关联，不让老人觉得自己的世界太孤单。由此推知，作者明白了母亲这样做的价值和意义。故选B。
C
Japan has started releasing wastewater into the ocean. But this isn’t the kind of wastewater that flows from city streets into stormwater drains. It’s treated nuclear wastewater used to cool damaged reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant stricken by an earthquake over a decade ago.
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has approved the plan by Japan to release more than a million tons of treated nuclear waste water from the destroyed Fukushima power plant into the ocean, believing Japan’s claims that the wastewater would be safe. However, Neighboring countries and other experts say it remains environmentally harmful that will last generations and may affect ecosystems all the way to North America.
Local fishermen, who heavily depend on the ocean’s resources, fear a huge decrease in their marketability. “Japan’s self-interest should not harm the well-being of humanity in the long run.” They said.
The release of the wastewater into the sea is a threat to the ocean environment and will damage Japan’s international image. The amount of money Japan would need to spend in restoring (恢复) its international image will far exceed that required to solve the problem in an eco-friendly way.
17. What kind of water has Japan released into the ocean
A. Treated nuclear wastewater. B. Water used to cool Fukushima.
C. Water flowing into stormwater drains. D. Water polluted by an early earthquake.
18. Who believes the wastewater will do no harm to the environment
A. Japanese fishermen. B. The IAEA.
C. North America. D. Neighboring countries
19. What does the underlined word “exceed” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. be similar to B. be more than C. be smaller than D. be better than
20. Which of the following can be the best title of the text
A. Environmental Problem in Japan B. Fukushima’s Treated Radioactive Water
C. Concerns on Japan’s Wastewater Release D. Experts’ Response to Japan’s Wastewater Release
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了日本向海洋排放核废水，说明了这一举措对生态和日本本身所带来的影响。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Japan has started releasing wastewater into the ocean. But this isn’t the kind of wastewater that flows from city streets into stormwater drains. It’s treated nuclear wastewater used to cool damaged reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, stricken by an earthquake over a decade ago.(日本已经开始向海洋排放废水。但这不是那种从城市街道流入雨水渠的废水。它处理的是用于冷却福岛第一核电站受损反应堆的核废水，该核电站在十多年前遭受地震袭击)”可知，日本向海洋排放了处理过的核废水。故选A。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has approved the plan by Japan to release more than a million tons of treated nuclear waste water from the destroyed Fukushima power plant into the ocean, believing Japan’s claims that the wastewater would be safe. (国际原子能机构（IAEA）已经批准了日本的一项计划，将被摧毁的福岛核电站处理过的100多万吨核废水排放到海洋中，并相信日本声称的废水是安全的)”可知，国际原子能机构相信废水不会对环境造成危害。故选B。
【19题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“The release of the wastewater into the sea is a threat to the ocean environment and will damage Japan’s international image.(将废水排放入海是对海洋环境的威胁，将损害日本的国际形象)”以及划线词上文“The amount of money Japan would need to spend in restoring (恢复) its international image will far(日本恢复其国际形象所花的钱将远远不够……)”可知，日本恢复其国际形象所需的资金将远远超过以环保方式解决问题所需的资金。故划线词意思是“超过”。故选B。
【20题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Japan has started releasing wastewater into the ocean. But this isn’t the kind of wastewater that flows from city streets into stormwater drains. It’s treated nuclear wastewater used to cool damaged reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, stricken by an earthquake over a decade ago.(日本已经开始向海洋排放废水。但这不是那种从城市街道流入雨水渠的废水。它处理的是用于冷却福岛第一核电站受损反应堆的核废水，该核电站在十多年前遭受地震袭击)”结合文章主要说明了日本向海洋排放核废水，说明了这一举措对生态和日本本身所带来的影响。可知，C选项“对日本污水排放的担忧”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking
It can be stressful to deliver a speech in front of people. What do you say How do you catch people’s attention What do you do if you mess up ____21____ You can use the following basics about the art of public speaking to help you overcome these challenges and be a good speaker.
Point everything back to the central idea
Before you begin your speech, figure out your core message. ____22____ It makes it easier to decide what to say and it helps you make every other decision, from the structure to the specific stories and concrete images that you include.
____23____
To make your presentation memorable, you can try using “sticky stories” in your speeches — honest, vivid anecdotes (逸闻) with details that engage the senses of sight, sound, smell, taste and touch. People remember stories and images.
Practice in front of people
Practicing your speech can ease feelings of nervousness and help you adjust your presentation. Ask a friend or a family member to listen to you as you practice. You can also take a voice memo with your phone and play it back to yourself. ____24____
Slow down and start again
If something unexpected happens in the moment — say you stumble (结巴) or lose your place — pause or slow down. Take a deep breath and go back to the beginning of a sentence or restate the word you stumbled on. And don’t worry, people don’t notice those pauses as much as you think they do. ____25____ The point is to set yourself up for success, not perfection.
A. Use vivid imagery and storytelling.
B. These problems will drive you mad.
C. Avoid big words and long sentences.
D. Even if someone does notice, that’s OK, too.
E. Then make sure all the ideas in your speech point back to it.
F. There’s also a chance to practice short speeches on important topics.
G. By doing so, you can get supportive feedback to improve your speech.
【答案】21. B 22. E 23. A 24. G 25. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了关于公共演讲艺术的基本知识来帮助读者克服演讲的困难，成为一名优秀的演讲者。
【21题详解】
根据前文“It can be stressful to deliver a speech in front of people. What do you say How do you catch people’s attention What do you do if you mess up (在众人面前发表演讲是很有压力。说什么呢？如何吸引人们的注意力？如果搞砸了怎么办？)”可知，此处是指前文中提到的这些问题让人苦恼，所以选项B“These problems will drive you mad.(这些问题会让你发疯的。)”切合文意，These problems指代上文列举的问题。故选B。
【22题详解】
根据小标题“Point everything back to the central idea(把所有的东西都指向中心思想)”和前文“Before you begin your speech, figure out your core message.(在你开始演讲之前，弄清楚你的核心信息。)”可知，在开始演讲之前，弄清楚演讲的核心信息，演讲中的所有内容都要指向中心思想；E选项“Then make sure all the ideas in your speech point back to it.(然后确保你演讲中所有的观点都指向它。)”承接上文，指出让演讲中的所有观点都指向演讲的核心，符合语境，选项中的“it”指代前文中提到的“core message”。故选E。
【23题详解】
设空处为小标题；根据后文“To make your presentation memorable, you can try using “sticky stories” in your speeches — honest, vivid anecdotes (逸闻) with details that engage the senses of sight, sound, smell, taste and touch. People remember stories and images.(为了让你的演讲令人难忘，你可以尝试在你的演讲中使用“粘性叙事”——诚实、生动的轶事和细节，吸引视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉。人们会记住故事和图像。)”可知，本段主要阐述要在演讲中使用生动的故事和图像叙述；所以选项A“Use vivid imagery and storytelling.(使用生动的故事和图像叙述。)”能够概括本段主旨，适合作为小标题。故选A。
【24题详解】
根据前文“Ask a friend or a family member to listen to you as you practice. You can also take a voice memo with your phone and play it back to yourself.(让朋友或家人在你练习的时候听你说。你也可以用手机录一份语音备忘录，然后回放给自己听。)”可知，此处是指照前文这样做可以得到好的反馈，以此完善自己的演讲技巧，所以选项G“By doing so, you can get supportive feedback to improve your speech.(通过这样做，你可以得到支持性的反馈来改善你的演讲。)”切合文意。故选G。
【25题详解】
根据前文“And don’t worry, people don’t notice those pauses as much as you think they do.(别担心，人们并没有像你想象的那样注意到这些停顿。)”和后文“The point is to set yourself up for success, not perfection.(关键是要为成功做好准备，而不是追求完美。)”可知，此处是指即使有人注意到了你的停顿也没关系，所以选项D“Even if someone does notice, that’s OK, too.(即使有人注意到了，也没关系。)”切合文意。故选D。
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分37.5分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, my son Ryan said, “I’m going to keep working until everyone in Africa has clean water.” I thought, oh, boy! But I’d heard about encouraging children to be ___26___ and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a ___27___ .
At first, he planned to make money to build a ___28___ in Africa. But when he ___29___ his first $70 made by doing chores in neighborhood to a charity (慈善机构), he was told that it actually ___30___ $2000 to build a well. It was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t ___31___ . He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money. And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go ___32___ . After several months, Ryan had ___33___ the $2000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school ___34___ needed to walk for hours to get water. They were ____35____ to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda, Ryan saw the well with his own eyes and hundreds of students who had turned out to ____36____ him. Seeing that he really had ____37____ these children, he broke into a ____38____ smile.
Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has ____39____ the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet. Ryan has shown me what the ____40____ of dreams can do.
26. A. free B. confident C. friendly D. curious
27. A. decision B. impression C. difference D. fortune
28. A. well B. house C. factory D. facility
29. A. lent B. paid C. gave D. showed
30. A. cost B. offered C. wasted D. acquired
31. A. carry on B. turn up C. go all out D. give up
32. A. public B. wrong C. ahead D. crazy
33. A. borrowed B. saved C. delivered D. raised
34. A. still B. even C. no longer D. always
35. A. kind B. thankful C. generous D. responsible
36. A. praise B. memorize C. contact D. welcome
37. A. helped B. improved C. troubled D. recognized
38. A. confusing B. calm C. joyful D. bitter
39. A. proved B. started C. reflected D. changed
40. A. habit B. power C. award D. challenge
【答案】26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。瑞恩有一个梦想，那就是要让非洲的孩子们喝上干净的水，而这在当初的我看来是不可能的，但瑞恩凭借着坚持不懈的努力最终梦想成真，这也让我见证了梦想的力量是多么伟大。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我听说过鼓励孩子们要自信，要有远大的梦想。A. free免费的；B. confident自信的；C. friendly友好的；D. curious好奇的。根据空前的“But I’d heard about encouraging children to be”以及空后“and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a ___2___ .”可知，作者听说过要鼓励孩子自信且有远大梦想。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我不想说他不会有所作为。A. decision决定；B. impression印象；C. difference影响；D. fortune命运。根据前文“I thought, oh, boy! But I’d heard about encouraging children to be ___1___ and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a”可知，作者觉得儿子的梦想不现实，所以在作者看来儿子不会有所作为。make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，他打算赚钱在非洲打一口井。A. well井；B. house房子；C. factory工厂；D. facility设施。根据后文“he was told that it actually ___5___ $2000 to build a well.”可知，Ryan打算赚钱打一口井。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当他把在社区做杂务赚来的第一笔70美元捐给一个慈善机构时，他被告知打一口井实际上要花2000美元。A. lent借给；B. paid偿还；C. gave给；D. showed展示。根据后文“his first $70 made by doing chores in neighborhood to a charity (慈善机构), he was told that it actually ___5___ $2000 to build a well.”可知，儿子把自己赚的70美元捐给了当地的慈善机构。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当他把在社区做杂务赚来的第一笔70美元捐给一个慈善机构时，他被告知打一口井实际上要花2000美元。A. cost花费；B. offered提供；C. wasted浪费；D. acquired获得。根据空前“he was told that it actually”以空后“$2000 to build a well. It was a lot of money,”可知，打一口井的费用是2000美元。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是一大笔钱，但瑞恩没有放弃。A. carry on继续；B. turn up出现；C. go all out全力以赴；D. give up放弃。根据后文“He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money.”可知，虽然被告知打一口井的费用是2000美元，但瑞恩没有放弃，而是继续劝服其他人来捐钱。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给当地的报纸写信，想把他的故事公布于众。 A. public公共的；B. wrong错误的；C. ahead向前的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据空前“And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go”以及后文“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2000,”可知，作者希望通过媒体公开报道这件事来帮助他。go public意为“公开宣布”。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，瑞恩筹到了2000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达的一所小学附近打了一口井。A. borrowed借；B. saved拯救；C. delivered递送；D. raised筹集。根据空前的“He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money. And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go ___7___ . After several months, Ryan had” 以及空后“the $2000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.”可知，瑞恩筹集到了2000美元。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：学校里的孩子们不再需要走几个小时去取水。A. still依旧；B. even甚至；C. no longer不再；D. always总是。根据空前“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school”及空后“needed to walk for hours to get water.”可知，因为乌干达的一所小学附近有了一口井，所以孩子们不用再步行几个小时去取水。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很感激他，并邀请他去参观。A. kind友好的；B. thankful感激的；C. generous慷慨的；D. responsible负责任的；有责任的。根据前文“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school ___9___ needed to walk for hours to get water.”可知因为瑞恩的努力乌干达的一所小学附近终于有了一口井，所以孩子们不用再步行几个小时去取水，可以推测孩子必定对他很感激。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在乌干达，瑞安亲眼看到了这口井，还有数百名学生出来欢迎他。A. praise表扬；B. memorize记住；C. contact联系；联络；D. welcome欢迎。根据前文“They were ___10___ to him and invited him to visit.”可知孩子们邀请瑞恩去参观这口井，所以孩子们一定会欢迎他的到来。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到自己真的帮助了这些孩子，他露出了愉快的微笑。A. helped帮助；B. improved提高；C. troubled麻烦；D. recognized识别；承认。根据前文“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.”以及“In Uganda, Ryan saw the well with his own eyes” 可知在瑞恩的努力下，当地孩子们终于有了一口井，所以瑞恩真的帮到了当地的孩子们。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到自己真的帮助了这些孩子，他露出了愉快的微笑。A. confusing困惑的；B. calm 镇静的；C. joyful开心的；D. bitter苦的。根据前文“Seeing that he really had ___12___ these children,”可知当瑞恩看到自己真的帮助了那些孩子的时候，他一定是开心的。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的梦想改变了很多人的生活，尽管他们中的大多数人我们永远也见不到。A. proved证明；B. started开始；C. reflected反映；D. changed改变。根据前文“Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has”以及空后“the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet. Ryan has shown me what the ___15___ of dreams can do.”可知，瑞恩的梦想让很多人的生活随之改变。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：瑞恩向我展示了梦想的力量。A. habit习惯；B. power力量；C. award奖章；D. challenge挑战。根据前文“Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has ___14___ the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet.”可知，瑞恩最初不被我看好的梦想最终改变了很多人的生活，而这是我最初没有意料到的，所以说瑞恩让我见证了梦想的力量。故选B。
第二节：语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
The Chinese New Year is now widely known as the Spring Festival because it starts ____41____ the beginning of Spring. ____42____ (it) origin (起源) is too old to be known. Several explanations are hanging around. But all agree that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese means “year”, was ____43____ (original) the name of a monster beast ____44____ started to eat people the night before the beginning of a new year.
One legend goes that the beast Nian had a very big mouth that would swallow a great many people with one bite. People were very ____45____ (frighten). One day, ____46____ old man came to help them, offering to subdue Nian. He told people ____47____ (put) up red paper decorations on their windows and ____48____ (door) at each year’s end to scare away Nian in case it came back again, because red was the color the beast feared the most.
Today, the custom of putting up red paper and setting off fire-crackers ____49____ (be) still around. However, people have long forgotten why they are doing all this, except that they feel the color and the sound add to the ____50____ (excite) of the celebration.
【答案】41. from##at
42. Its 43. originally
44. which##that
45. frightened
46. an 47. to put
48. doors 49. is
50. excitement
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。春节是中国重要的传统节日，文章介绍了“年”的传说和春节习俗的来由。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：人们现在广泛地知道中国新年叫作春节，因为它始于春天的开始。start at/from意为“始于”，所以此处应用介词at或from。故填at/from。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：它的起源太古老了，无法得知。此处是指春节的起源，所以应用形容词性物主代词its表示“它的”。句首首字母应大写。故填Its。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：但所有人都认同，“年”这个词，在现代汉语中的意思是“年”，最初是一种怪兽的名字，它在新年开始的前一天晚上开始吃人。此处修饰系动词应用副词originally表示“最初”作状语。故填originally。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但所有人都认同，“年”这个词，在现代汉语中的意思是“年”，最初是一种怪兽的名字，它在新年开始的前一天晚上开始吃人。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为a monster beast，所以应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：人们非常恐惧。此处是指人感到恐惧，所以应用形容词frightened表示“恐惧的”作表语。故填frightened。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一天，一位老人来帮助他们，提出要制服“年”。man意为“男人”，为可数名词，此处old man为第一次出现，所以应用不定冠词表示泛指，old的开头发音为元音，所以不定冠词应用an。故填an。
【47题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：他告诉人们每年年底在窗户和门上贴上红色的纸装饰，以防“年”再次出现，因为红色是“年”最害怕的颜色。tell sb to do意为“告诉某人做某事”，所以此处应用to do不定式。故填to put。
【48题详解】
考查可数名词的单复数。句意：他告诉人们在每年年底在窗户和门上贴上红色的纸装饰，以防“年”再次出现，因为红色是“年”最害怕的颜色。door意为“门”，为可数名词，根据windows可知，应用复数形式。故填doors。
【49题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：今天，贴红纸和放鞭炮的习俗仍然存在。根据today可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语custom为第三人称单数。故填is。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，除了觉得这些颜色和声音增加了庆祝活动的兴奋，人们早就忘记了他们为什么要做这一切。此处作宾语应用名词excitement表示“兴奋”。故填excitement。
第四部分：写作(共四节，满分45分)
第一节：词汇运用(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据括号里所给的单词或中文提示，写出句子中所空缺的单词的正确形式。
51. Which club do you think is __________ (suit) for Adam He likes maths very much.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】suitable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你认为哪个俱乐部适合亚当？他非常喜欢数学。be suitable for意为“适合”，此处应用形容词suitable表示“适合的”作表语。故填suitable。
52. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main________ (office) language of Peru. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】official
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：正是由于这个原因，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。名词 language前用形容词修饰。根据句意，故填official。
53. _________ (obvious), I was unhappy, but I won’t quit. （所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】Obviously
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，我不开心，但我不会放弃。分析句子成分可知，所设空处作状语，应用副词，结合句意，故填Obviously。
54. Jordan's skills were impressive, but the mental _______ (strong) that he showed made him unique. （所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】strength
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：乔丹的技术令人印象深刻，但是他所表现出来的精神力量使他与众不同。形容词mental 修饰名词，作but之后的句子中主句的主语，因此空格处需要填名词。strength作为名词译为“力气，力量”为不可数名词。综上，故填strength。
55. It's_______________________(legal) to drive a car without a driver's license. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】illegal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：没有驾驶证开车是不合法的。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作表语，再结合句意“不合法的”是illegal，故填illegal。
56. If you want to pass the exams, you’d better change your __________ (态度). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】attitude
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你想通过考试，你最好改变你的态度。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词attitude“态度”，在句中作change的宾语。故填attitude。
57. At that time fifty countries __________ (捐赠) nearly $80 million to the project. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】donated##contributed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当时，50个国家向该项目捐赠了近8000万美元。根据汉语提示可知应用动词donate或contribute，结合上文At that time可知发生在过去用一般过去时。故填donated/contributed。
58. Look! The exchange student is talking to Mr. Zhang on __________ (校园). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】campus
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：看！这个交换生在校园里和张先生谈话。on campus意为“在校园内”，为固定搭配，表示“校园”应用名词campus作宾语。故填campus。
59. People buy lots of things at great __________ (折扣) on November 11th, Singles’ day. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】discount
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人们在11月11日光棍节买很多打折的东西。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据所给中文提示词，应是discount意为“折扣”。故填discount。
60. Remember: This door should only be used in an __________ (紧急情况). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】emergency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：记住：这扇门只能在紧急情况下使用。表示“紧急情况”应用名词emergency作宾语。故填emergency。
第二节：完成句子(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据句意和中文提示，用所学短语的正确形式完成句子。
61. 我决定这学期报名上夜校。
I have decided to __________ evening classes this term.
【答案】sign up for
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。“报名参加”用短语sign up for；decide to do sth.决定做某事。由空前to可知设空处动词用原形，构成不定式作宾语。故填sign up for。
62. 不抽烟的人的健康状况平均比抽烟的人好得多。
__________, people who don’t smoke are much healthier than people who do.
【答案】On average
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据句意可知，本题考查介词短语on average“平均”。该介词短语放到句首作状语。该短语位于句首，所以on的首字母需要大写。故填On average。
63. 赛场上的失利会使他更加努力地训练和绝不放弃。
Losing games taught him to practise harder and never __________.
【答案】give up
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和动词不定式。表示“放弃”应用动词短语give up。teach sb to do意为“教会某人做某事”，此处应用to do不定式，并列的第二个不定式省略to。故填give up。
64. 今天，来自世界各地的游客纷纷造访敦煌、欣赏洞窟。
Today, tourists from __________ visit Dunhuang to see the caves.
【答案】all over the world / throughout the world
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意“世界各地”可知短语为all over the world或throughout the world。故填all over the world/throughout the world。
65. 汉字，最初是一种基于图形的语言，追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期。
Written Chinese, a picture-based language at the beginning, __________ several thousand years to the use of longgu.
【答案】dates back
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：书面汉语，最初是一种以图画为基础的语言，可以追溯到几千年前的龙谷语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“追溯”，是动词短语date back，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Written Chinese是不可数名词，因此空格处用date的第三人称单数dates，故填dates back。
第三节：课文默写(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据中文意思，把对应的课文英语句子默写出来。
66. 两周之后，她们真成了世界冠军!(汉译英)
【答案】Two weeks later, they were world champions!
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时。根据句意可知，本句为一般过去时态，“两周之后”译为two weeks later，“她们”译为they，且为过去式，系动词为were，“世界冠军”world champions。故翻译为Two weeks later, they were world champions!
67. 首先，我得非常认真地考虑自己要选什么课程。（汉译英）
【答案】First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、短语和名词。表示“选课程”短语为take courses；表示“考虑”短语为think about；表示“认真地”应用carefully；表示“要选什么课程”应用宾语从句 which courses I wanted to take，作介词about的宾语；叙述过去的事，应用一般过去时。故翻译为First, I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take.
68. 我们可以从大型数据库中获得最新的信息。(汉译英)
【答案】We can get the most updated information from large databases.
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词和形容词。主语为we；表示“获得”应用动词get，且can后跟动词原形；表示“最新的”应用最高级the most updated，修饰名词information；表示“从大型数据库中”短语为from large databases。故翻译为We can get the most updated information from large databases.
69. 今天下午，我们在科学实验室上化学课。(汉译英)
【答案】This afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab.
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时。根据句意可知，本句为一般过去时态，“今天下午”译为this afternoon，“我们”译为we，“上课”为had class，“在科学实验室”译为in the science lab，“化学课”译为chemistry class。故翻译为This afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab.
70. 到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。(汉译英)
【答案】After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city.
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词和短语。after意为“在……之后”，为介词。到达目的地可翻译为“reach your destination”，reach用动名词形式作介词的宾语；主语为you，根据语境可知，本句话为一般将来时态，陈述将要发生的动作。有一天的时间来探索可以翻译为“have a day to explore”，be amazed by“对……感到惊讶”。这座古城可以翻译为“this ancient city”。故翻译After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city.
第四节：书面表达(共1小题;满分15分)
71. 假定你是李华，你校高一级将于下周举行“12公里徒步活动”。请你代表学生会给你校外籍教师Johnson写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加本次徒步活动。内容包括：
1.向他发出邀请；
2.介绍本次徒步活动；
3.活动注意事项。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Johnson,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Johnson,
On behalf of the Students’ Union, I’m writing to invite you to join in the 12-km hiking trip to be held next week.
This activity is scheduled to take place from 8:00 am to 11:30 am next Friday. All the students and teachers from Senior One will gather on the playground at 7:30 am, attending a brief opening ceremony. Then we will walk 6 kilometers before we make a return trip to school.
If you would like to join us, please remember that you should wear a pair of sneakers that fit well. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外籍教师Johnson写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加高一级将于下周举行的“12公里徒步活动”，对本次活动以及注意事项进行介绍。
详解】1.词汇积累
参加/加入：join in→participate in
安排：be scheduled→be arranged/be organized
聚集：gather→get together
适合：fit→suit
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：On behalf of the Students’ Union, I’m writing to invite you to join in the 12-km hiking trip to be held next week.
拓展句：On behalf of the Students’ Union, I’m writing to invite you to join in the 12-km hiking trip which is to be held next week.
【点睛】【高分句型1】All the students and teachers from Senior One will gather on the playground at 7:30 am, attending a brief opening ceremony.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】If you would like to join us, please remember that you should wear a pair of sneakers that fit well.（运用了if引导条件状语从句，that引导定语从句）
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